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WO2021140481A1 - Installation de production d'énergie hydroélectrique - Google Patents

Installation de production d'énergie hydroélectrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021140481A1
WO2021140481A1 PCT/IB2021/050129 IB2021050129W WO2021140481A1 WO 2021140481 A1 WO2021140481 A1 WO 2021140481A1 IB 2021050129 W IB2021050129 W IB 2021050129W WO 2021140481 A1 WO2021140481 A1 WO 2021140481A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
aforementioned
tank
plant
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2021/050129
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Primo Giovannelli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2021140481A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021140481A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/0011—Heating features
    • B01D1/0029—Use of radiation
    • B01D1/0035—Solar energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
    • B01D5/006—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with evaporation or distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05B2260/205—Cooling fluid recirculation, i.e. after having cooled one or more components the cooling fluid is recovered and used elsewhere for other purposes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant for the generation of hydroelectric energy.
  • the plant of the invention is capable of producing hydroelectric energy by exploiting the heat of the sun, or solar energy.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to identify a further alternative and innovative way to use solar energy to produce electricity.
  • a plant for the generation of hydroelectric energy where the plant includes at least one water heating tank and at least one water cooling tank, where the water cooling tank is located at a higher level than the water heating tank and is connected to the water heating tank by means of a first steam delivery pipe and by means of a second water return pipe, and where the water heating tank is configured to heat the water contained in it by solar radiation and to convey the steam derived from the heating of the water in the aforementioned steam delivery pipe towards the water cooling tank, and where the water cooling tank is divided into at least a first portion and a second portion, where the water contained in the first portion of the tank cooling water is at a higher temperature than the temperature of the water contained in the a second portion of the water cooling tank and where the water contained in the aforementioned first portion of the water cooling tank can be conveyed by means of the aforementioned water return pipe to a hydroelectric power station which can in turn be connected to the aforementioned water heating tank.
  • the invention has numerous and important advantages.
  • the invention makes it possible to use solar energy to evaporate fresh water whose steam is channeled, brought up and again transformed into water to be used to produce hydroelectric energy and to return the water to the starting point to start the cycle again.
  • the sun's heat is then used to create an artificial cloud to be used to produce hydroelectricity.
  • the yield per square meter of solar energy is amplified by increasing the height at which the steam is raised.
  • Additional electrical energy can be obtained by using the forces generated by the collision or meeting of the vortices of the high and low pressure created.
  • the water generated by the steam can be collected in tanks in order to always have water capable of producing energy all year round, even in winter, at night or with no solar radiation.
  • the invention involves relative management costs.
  • Rainwater can be used, which can be collected near the upstream tanks with an impact on energy production of a further 10% or more.
  • a water pre-heating tank is comprised between the aforementioned hydroelectric power station and the aforementioned water heating tank.
  • the pre-heating tank saves about 10% of solar energy for the complete evaporation cycle.
  • the steam delivery pipe is insulated with the exception of its terminal portion and provides in said terminal part a plurality of small tubes configured to circulate cold water around the aforementioned terminal part of the pipe itself to cool the steam, as well as tubes configured to circulate cooler air at altitude to cool the steam.
  • - Figure 2 represents top and sectional views respectively of the water heating tank of Figure 1 equipped with a cover configured to heat the water;
  • - Figure 3 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the plant according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the plant according to the present invention
  • - Figure 5 is a sectional view illustrating the plant and its operation according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a view of a detail of the plant according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a view of a detail of Figure 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a water pre-heating tank belonging to the plant according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is first of all a top and sectional view of a water heating tank, globally indicated with the reference number 30 and which is part of a portion of the plant 100 of the invention located at a height of departure.
  • the tank 10 is bounded by walls 30 and contains a certain amount of water 20.
  • a subsequent calculation example will provide an exemplary and non-limiting value of this quantity.
  • the tank 30 is placed on a base 12 which is in turn placed on the ground.
  • the tank 30 has a cover 14 placed above the water level 20 and configured to leave open a plurality of steam outlet holes 16, said holes 16 are represented in figure 1 with a square shape, but they can have other shapes, for example circular, oval, rectangular or other.
  • a cover 40 equipped with Fresnel lenses 45 which are configured to heat the water contained in the water heating tank 10 by means of solar radiation.
  • the cover 40 is, in turn, connected to a steam delivery pipe 50, as shown for example in Figure 2.
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the plant according to the present invention, globally indicated with the reference numeral 100.
  • Figure 3 shows a water heating tank 10 and at least one water cooling tank 70.
  • the water cooling tank 70 is located at a higher level than the water heating tank 10 and is connected to the aforementioned water heating tank 10 by means of the aforementioned steam delivery pipe 50 and by means of a second water return pipe 90.
  • the steam delivery pipe 50 can be buried or semi-buried following an inclined pitch 80.
  • the heating tank 10 is configured to heat the water contained in it by means of solar radiation and to convey the steam derived from the heating of the water to the aforementioned steam delivery pipe 50 towards the water cooling tank 70.
  • the water 10 can be heated with the aid of the Fresnel lenses 45 placed on the cover 40.
  • the water cooling tank 70 is divided into at least a first portion 70’ and a second portion 70” where the water contained in the aforementioned first portion 70’ of the water cooling tank 70 is at a higher temperature than the water temperature contained in the second portion 70” of the water cooling tank 70.
  • the water contained in the aforementioned first portion 70’ of the water cooling tank 70 can be conveyed by means of the water return pipe 90 to a hydroelectric power station 110, by means of a pipe 114, said hydroelectric power station 110 being in turn connected to the tank water heater 10 by means of a pipe 112.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the plant 100 according to the present invention in which the water return pipe 90 has also been highlighted.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the plant 100 and its operation according to the present invention and in particular it can be seen that between the hydroelectric station 110 and the water heating tank 10 there is a water pre-heating tank 120 connected to the hydroelectric station 110 by means of a pipe 124 and to the water heating tank 10 by means of a pipe 122.
  • Figure 6 is a view of a detail of the plant according to the present invention, showing an end portion 60 of the steam delivery pipe 50 which enters the water cooling tank 70, which is in turn divided into two portions 70’ and 70”.
  • Figure 7 is a view of a detail of Figure 6, that is of the end portion 60.
  • the steam delivery pipe 50 is insulated with the exception of its terminal portion 60, equipped with a water outlet 65, and provides in said terminal portion 60 a plurality of tubes 62 configured to circulate around the terminal part of the pipe itself cold water to cool the steam, as well as small tubes 64 to circulate cooler air at high altitude to cool the steam.
  • Figure 8 is a sectional view of a water pre-heating tank 120 which can be connected to the hydroelectric power station 110 by means of a pipe 124 and to the water heating tank 10 by means of a pipe 122.
  • the water contained in the aforementioned water heating tank 10 is heated above all until evaporation by using concentrated solar radiation.
  • a channeling of the steam is then obtained to be brought upwards by means of a steam delivery pipe 50 sufficiently insulated so as not to lose heat: the pipe, as mentioned, can also be buried inside a stratum 80 of a mountain in order to cancel the environmental impact.
  • the water at high altitude and accumulated in the hottest part of the tank can therefore be used to produce hydroelectric energy with the possibility of equally distributing the water accumulated throughout the 365 days of the year or to meet particular consumption needs.
  • the parked and preheated water with a temperature close to 50 degrees can then be introduced back into the water heating tank 10 where the water is again transformed into steam.
  • the plant 100 also offers the possibility of accumulating the heated water, keeping it at a high temperature by means of suitable insulation and allowing evaporation in longer times even at night or in the absence of solar radiation, using where appropriate the non-continuous heat produced by another energy source to maintain the optimal water temperature and exploit steam 365 days a year, as well as the possibility of using the vortices created by low pressure and high pressure in addition to the production of hydroelectric energy.
  • Two tanks are built with side of 100m x 100m and height of m. 1.00 with transparent material such as glass or other material capable of containing boiling water, as indicated for example in figure 1.
  • a cover having the shape of an inverted funnel and equipped with Fresnel type lenses 45 capable of concentrating the solar radiation (Figure 2).
  • the outlet of the inverted funnel is connected to a perfectly insulated pipe capable of retaining heat.
  • Part of the heated water is accumulated, and it is stored by means of suitable insulation, with the integration, where appropriate, of another heat source in a non-continuous way but only to keep the water that will produce continuous steam at an optimal temperature (where the solar radiation does not allow it).
  • the return pipe can be passed underground or basement following an inclined pitch of a mountain (figure 3).
  • the pipe is brought to a useful height; in the example proposed with a height difference of 1 ,000 m.
  • the water thus obtained is collected in a tank and from there it is sent back with another piping back to the bottom near the tank from which it had risen (figure 4).
  • the water that reaches the bottom contains strong pressure and will be able to produce hydroelectricity.
  • the water used to produce hydroelectricity is held in a smaller pool and preheated with the heat of the greenhouse effect (figure 7).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation (100) de production d'énergie hydroélectrique qui comprend au moins un réservoir de chauffage d'eau (10) et au moins un réservoir de refroidissement d'eau (70). Le réservoir de refroidissement d'eau (70) est placé à un point plus haut que celui du réservoir de chauffage d'eau (10) et est relié à celui-ci au moyen d'un premier tuyau de distribution de vapeur (50) et au moyen d'un second tuyau de retour d'eau (90). Le réservoir de refroidissement d'eau (70) est configuré pour chauffer l'eau qu'il contient à travers un rayonnement solaire et pour transporter la vapeur issue du chauffage d'eau au tuyau de distribution de vapeur (50) vers le réservoir de refroidissement d'eau (70) et il est divisé en au moins une première partie (70') et une seconde partie (70"). L'eau contenue dans la première partie (70') du réservoir de refroidissement d'eau (70) est plus chaude que l'eau contenue dans la seconde partie (70") du réservoir de refroidissement d'eau (70) et l'eau contenue dans la première partie (70') du réservoir de refroidissement d'eau (70) peut être transportée au moyen du tuyau de retour d'eau (90) vers une centrale hydroélectrique (110) qui est à son tour reliée au réservoir de chauffage d'eau (10).
PCT/IB2021/050129 2020-01-08 2021-01-08 Installation de production d'énergie hydroélectrique Ceased WO2021140481A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102020000000187A IT202000000187A1 (it) 2020-01-08 2020-01-08 Impianto per la generazione di energia idroelettrica
IT102020000000187 2020-01-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021140481A1 true WO2021140481A1 (fr) 2021-07-15

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2021/050129 Ceased WO2021140481A1 (fr) 2020-01-08 2021-01-08 Installation de production d'énergie hydroélectrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) IT202000000187A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021140481A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4382365A (en) * 1980-06-04 1983-05-10 Gene Sadao Kira Energy conversion derived from pressure and temperature differentials at different elevations
US6434942B1 (en) * 2001-09-20 2002-08-20 Walter T. Charlton Building, or other self-supporting structure, incorporating multi-stage system for energy generation
US20120138447A1 (en) * 2009-04-09 2012-06-07 Kenergy Scientific, Inc. Solar desalination system with solar-initiated wind power pumps
WO2019001645A1 (fr) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 Ingo Tjards Centrale de production d'énergie électrique

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4382365A (en) * 1980-06-04 1983-05-10 Gene Sadao Kira Energy conversion derived from pressure and temperature differentials at different elevations
US6434942B1 (en) * 2001-09-20 2002-08-20 Walter T. Charlton Building, or other self-supporting structure, incorporating multi-stage system for energy generation
US20120138447A1 (en) * 2009-04-09 2012-06-07 Kenergy Scientific, Inc. Solar desalination system with solar-initiated wind power pumps
WO2019001645A1 (fr) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 Ingo Tjards Centrale de production d'énergie électrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT202000000187A1 (it) 2021-07-08

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