WO2021039719A1 - 内視鏡 - Google Patents
内視鏡 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021039719A1 WO2021039719A1 PCT/JP2020/031846 JP2020031846W WO2021039719A1 WO 2021039719 A1 WO2021039719 A1 WO 2021039719A1 JP 2020031846 W JP2020031846 W JP 2020031846W WO 2021039719 A1 WO2021039719 A1 WO 2021039719A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- auxiliary light
- tip
- measurement
- light irradiation
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0006—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means to keep optical surfaces clean, e.g. by preventing or removing dirt, stains, contamination, condensation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
- A61B1/0008—Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
- A61B1/00091—Nozzles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0655—Control therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/12—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with cooling or rinsing arrangements
- A61B1/126—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with cooling or rinsing arrangements provided with means for cleaning in-use
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2461—Illumination
- G02B23/2469—Illumination using optical fibres
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an endoscope that irradiates measurement auxiliary light.
- the distance to the observation object or the size of the observation object is acquired.
- the subject is irradiated with the measurement auxiliary light from the auxiliary light irradiation window provided at the tip of the endoscope to form a spot on the subject.
- the endoscope processor device identifies the position of the spot from the captured image obtained by imaging the subject. Then, the observation distance is detected from the position of the spot.
- the tip of the endoscope is provided with an observation window, an illumination window, a nozzle for fluid injection, etc., in addition to the auxiliary light irradiation window.
- the fluid injection nozzle injects a fluid such as cleaning water to clean the observation window.
- the illumination window is arranged within the injection range of the fluid injection nozzle, and the cleaning water ejected from the fluid injection nozzle is sprayed onto the surface of the illumination window. As a result, it is possible to dissipate heat from the illumination window generated by the light irradiation.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an endoscope capable of efficiently removing dirt from an auxiliary light irradiation window.
- the endoscope of the present invention includes an insertion portion, a tip surface, an observation window, a fluid injection nozzle, and an auxiliary light irradiation window, and the auxiliary light irradiation window is within the fluid injection range of the fluid injection nozzle. Moreover, it is arranged between the observation window and the nozzle for fluid injection.
- the insertion part is inserted into the subject.
- the tip surface is provided at the tip of the insertion portion.
- the observation window is arranged on the tip surface.
- the fluid injection nozzle is arranged on the tip surface and injects the fluid toward the observation window.
- the auxiliary light irradiation window is arranged on the tip surface and emits measurement auxiliary light.
- the fluid injection nozzle injects a liquid or gas as a fluid, and when the liquid or gas is injected from the fluid injection nozzle toward the observation window, the flow velocity of the liquid at the position reaching the observation window is 2 m / s or more. Therefore, the flow velocity of the gas at the position where it reaches the observation window is preferably 40 m / s or more.
- the optical member for the auxiliary light irradiation window constituting the auxiliary light irradiation window has a notch at a position facing the fluid injection nozzle.
- the notch is arranged at a position that avoids the optical path of the measurement auxiliary light when the measurement auxiliary light is emitted from the auxiliary light irradiation window.
- the fluid injection nozzle is incorporated in the insertion portion in a state of being in contact with the notch portion.
- the position of the insertion portion in the axial direction of the auxiliary light irradiation window is regulated by the notch portion contacting the fluid injection nozzle.
- an optical member for the auxiliary light irradiation window constituting the auxiliary light irradiation window
- an imaging optical system including an observation window, a tip body for holding a nozzle for fluid injection, and a tip cap for covering the tip side of the tip body.
- the optical member for the auxiliary light irradiation window preferably has a notch at a position facing the tip cap.
- the position of the insertion portion in the axial direction of the auxiliary light irradiation window is regulated by the notch portion coming into contact with the tip cap.
- the optical member for the auxiliary light irradiation window is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the notch is an inclined surface that is inclined from the tip of the optical member for measurement auxiliary light toward the outer peripheral surface.
- the outer diameter of the auxiliary light irradiation window is 0.5 mm or more and 1.6 mm or less
- the first minimum distance which is the minimum distance between the outer peripheral edge of the observation window and the outer peripheral edge of the auxiliary light irradiation window
- the second minimum distance which is the minimum distance between the outer peripheral edge of the auxiliary light irradiation window and the tip of the fluid injection nozzle, is preferably 0 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.
- the mounting position of the fluid injection nozzle with respect to the tip surface and the tip surface of the auxiliary light irradiation window are the same in the axial direction of the insertion portion, and the tip surface of the observation window is relative to the tip surface of the auxiliary light irradiation window. It is preferably located on the tip side in the axial direction and has a continuous guide surface between the outer peripheral edge of the auxiliary light irradiation window and the outer peripheral edge of the observation window.
- the opening width of the fluid injection nozzle is smaller than the outer diameter of the observation window, and the guide surface is located within the fluid injection range of the fluid injection nozzle.
- the outer diameter of the auxiliary light irradiation window is preferably smaller than the outer diameter of the observation window.
- dirt on the auxiliary light irradiation window can be efficiently removed.
- FIG. 25A is a measurement marker which has a line segment and a scale to the left side of a spot SP
- FIG. 25B is a line segment downward to the spot SP.
- C is a measurement marker having a line segment and a scale in the upper right direction of the spot SP. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st measurement marker of the cross type, the graduated cross type, the distorted cross type, the circle and the cross type, and the measurement point group type. It is an image diagram showing three concentric markers having the same color. It is an image diagram which shows three concentric markers of different colors. It is an image figure which shows the distortion concentric marker. It is explanatory drawing which shows the light emission pattern which irradiates a spot light intermittently. It is an image figure which shows the intersection line and the scale. It is explanatory drawing which shows the light emission pattern which intermittently irradiates line-shaped measurement light.
- the endoscope system 10 includes an endoscope 12, a light source device 14, a processor device 16, a monitor 18, and a user interface 19.
- the endoscope 12 is optically connected to the light source device 14 and electrically connected to the processor device 16.
- the processor device 16 is electrically connected to a monitor 18 (display unit) that displays an image.
- the user interface 19 is connected to the processor device 16 and is used for various setting operations for the processor device 16.
- the user interface 19 includes a mouse and the like in addition to the illustrated keyboard.
- the endoscope 12 includes an insertion portion 12a to be inserted into the subject, an operation portion 12b provided at the base end portion of the insertion portion 12a, and a curved portion 12c and a tip portion 12d provided on the tip end side of the insertion portion 12a. have.
- the angle knob 12e of the operating portion 12b By operating the angle knob 12e of the operating portion 12b, the curved portion 12c bends. Along with this bending motion, the tip portion 12d is directed in a desired direction.
- the endoscope 12 has a normal mode and a length measurement mode, and these two modes are switched by a mode changeover switch 13a provided on the operation unit 12b of the endoscope 12.
- the normal mode is a mode in which the observation target is illuminated by the illumination light.
- the observation target is illuminated with illumination light or measurement auxiliary light, and a measurement marker used for measuring the size of the observation target or the like is displayed on the captured image obtained by imaging the observation target.
- the measurement auxiliary light is light used for measuring a subject.
- the operation unit 12b of the endoscope 12 is provided with a freeze switch 13b (still image acquisition instruction unit) for operating a still image acquisition instruction for instructing acquisition of a still image of an captured image.
- a freeze switch 13b still image acquisition instruction unit
- the screen of the monitor 18 freezes and displays an alert sound (for example, "pee") to the effect that a still image is acquired.
- the still image of the captured image obtained before and after the operation timing of the freeze switch 13b is stored in the still image storage unit 42 (see FIG. 3) in the processor device 16.
- the still image storage unit 42 is a storage unit such as a hard disk or a USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory.
- the processor device 16 can be connected to the network, the still image of the captured image is stored in the still image storage server (not shown) connected to the network in place of or in addition to the still image storage unit 42. You may.
- a still image acquisition instruction may be given using an operating device other than the freeze switch 13b.
- a foot pedal may be connected to the processor device 16 to give a still image acquisition instruction when the user operates the foot pedal (not shown) with his / her foot.
- Mode switching may also be performed with the foot pedal.
- a still image acquisition instruction or mode switching may be performed by voice input, line-of-sight input, gesture input, or the like.
- the tip of the endoscope 12 has a substantially circular shape, and the objective located closest to the subject among the optical members constituting the imaging optical system 29b (see FIG. 7) of the endoscope 12.
- a treatment tool outlet 24 for causing the air to be supplied and an air supply / water supply nozzle 25 for performing air supply / water supply are provided.
- the objective lens 21 constitutes an observation window within the scope of the claims.
- the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 corresponds to a fluid injection nozzle within the scope of claims.
- the liquid to be sent by the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 is wash water, and the gas to be supplied is air or carbon dioxide.
- the optical axis LI of the objective lens 21 extends in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface.
- the vertical first direction D1 is orthogonal to the optical axis LI
- the horizontal second direction D2 is orthogonal to the optical axis LI and the first direction D1.
- the light source device 14 includes a light source unit 26 and a light source control unit 27.
- the light source unit 26 (illumination light light source unit) generates illumination light for illuminating the subject.
- the illumination light emitted from the light source unit 26 is incident on the light guide 28 and is applied to the subject through the illumination lens 22.
- the light source unit 26 includes, as a light source of illumination light, a white light source that emits white light, or a plurality of light sources including a white light source and a light source that emits light of other colors (for example, a blue light source that emits blue light). Is preferably used.
- the light source control unit 27 is connected to the system control unit 41 of the processor device 16.
- the light source control unit 27 controls the light source unit 26 based on an instruction from the system control unit 41.
- the system control unit 41 (light emission control unit) gives an instruction regarding the light source control to the light source control unit 27, and also controls the light source 30a (see FIG. 4) of the measurement auxiliary light emission unit 30. The details of the light source control by the system control unit 41 will be described later.
- the tip portion 12d of the endoscope 12 is provided with an illumination optical system 29a, an imaging optical system 29b, and a measurement auxiliary light emitting portion 30.
- the illumination optical system 29a has an illumination lens 22, and the light from the light guide 28 is irradiated to the observation target through the illumination lens 22.
- the image pickup optical system 29b has an objective lens 21 and an image pickup element 32. The reflected light from the observation target is incident on the image pickup device 32 via the objective lens 21. As a result, a reflected image to be observed is formed on the image sensor 32.
- the image sensor 32 is a color image sensor, which captures a reflected image of a subject and outputs an image signal.
- the image sensor 32 is preferably a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) image sensor, a CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor, or the like.
- the image pickup device 32 used in the present invention is a color image pickup sensor for obtaining RGB image signals of three colors of R (red), G (green), and B (blue).
- the image sensor 32 is controlled by the image pickup control unit 33.
- a complementary color image sensor provided with complementary color filters of C (cyan), M (magenta), Y (yellow), and G (green) may be used.
- the image signal output from the image sensor 32 is transmitted to the CDS / AGC circuit 34.
- the CDS / AGC circuit 34 performs correlated double sampling (CDS (Correlated Double Sampling)) and automatic gain control (AGC (Auto Gain Control)) on an image signal which is an analog signal.
- CDS Correlated Double Sampling
- AGC Automatic gain control
- the image signal that has passed through the CDS / AGC circuit 34 is converted into a digital image signal by the A / D converter (A / D (Analog / Digital) converter) 35.
- the A / D converted digital image signal is input to the processor device 16 via the communication I / F (Interface) 36.
- the processor device 16 includes a communication I / F (Interface) 38 connected to the communication I / F 36 of the endoscope 12, a signal processing unit 39, a display control unit 40, and a system control unit 41.
- the communication I / F 38 receives the image signal transmitted from the communication I / F 36 of the endoscope 12 and transmits it to the signal processing unit 39.
- the signal processing unit 39 has a built-in memory that temporarily stores an image signal received from the communication I / F 38, processes an image signal group that is a set of image signals stored in the memory, and generates an captured image. ..
- the signal processing unit 39 acquires an image captured by the endoscope.
- the signal processing unit 39 performs a structure enhancement process for emphasizing the structure of blood vessels and the like on the captured image, and a normal part and a lesion part among the observation targets.
- the color difference enhancement process that extends the color difference may be performed.
- the display control unit 40 displays the captured image generated by the signal processing unit 39 on the monitor 18.
- the system control unit 41 controls the image pickup device 32 via the image pickup control section 33 provided in the endoscope 12.
- the image pickup control unit 33 also controls the CDS / AGC34 and the A / D35 in accordance with the control of the image pickup element 32.
- the still image storage control unit 43 controls the still image of the captured image to be stored in the still image storage unit 42.
- the still image storage control unit 43 performs the control described later by being instructed to acquire the still image once in the length measurement mode.
- the measurement auxiliary light emitting unit 30 measures the light source 30a, the GRIN (Gradient Index; refractive index distribution type) lens 30b, the prism 30c, the optical fiber 30d, and the like. It is provided with an auxiliary light lens 23.
- the light source 30a emits light of a color that can be detected by the pixels of the image pickup element 32 (specifically, visible light), and is a light emitting element such as a laser light source LD (LaserDiode) or an LED (LightEmittingDiode). , Including a condensing lens that collects the light emitted from this light emitting element.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 constitutes an auxiliary light irradiation window and an optical member for the auxiliary light irradiation window within the scope of the claims.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and when incorporated in the tip portion 12d, the tip surface 23a is a plane orthogonal to the axial direction Z of the insertion portion 12a, and the proximal end surface 23b intersects the axial direction Z. It is a flat surface aligned with the tip surface of the prism 30c.
- the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source 30a is, for example, preferably 600 nm or more and 750 nm or less, more preferably 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less, and most preferably 630 nm or more and 660 nm or less. Alternatively, green light of 495 nm or more and 570 nm or less may be used.
- the light source 30a is controlled by the system control unit 41, and emits light based on an instruction from the system control unit 41.
- the base end side (light source 30a side) of the optical fiber 30d is covered with the fiber outer skin 30e, and the tip end side (the side that emits laser light) is inserted into the ferrule 30f and adhered with an adhesive, and the end face is polished.
- a GRIN lens 30b is attached to the tip side of the ferrule 30f, and a prism 30c is attached to the tip side of the GRIN lens 30b to form a joint.
- the ferrule 30f is a member for holding and connecting the optical fiber 30d, and a hole for inserting the optical fiber 30d is penetrated in the central portion in the axial direction (left-right direction in FIG. 4).
- a reinforcing material 30g is provided on the outside of the ferrule 30f and the fiber outer skin 30e to protect the optical fiber 30d and the like.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 23, the GRIN lens 30b, and the prism 30c are housed in the housing 30h.
- the housing 30h is joined to the reinforcing material 30g.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 23, the GRIN lens 30b, the prism 30c, and the optical fiber 30d are integrally held inside the reinforcing material 30g and the housing 30h.
- the optical fiber 30d guides the light from the light source 30a to the GRIN lens 30b.
- the GRIN lens 30b converts the light guided from the light source 30a by the optical fiber 30d into highly coherent light again in order to convert the light emitted from the light source 30a into the measurement auxiliary light used for measuring the subject. It is a thing.
- the prism 30c is an optical member for changing the traveling direction of the measurement auxiliary light after conversion by the GRIN lens 30b.
- the prism 30c changes the traveling direction of the measurement auxiliary light so as to intersect the field of view of the imaging optical system 29b including the objective lens 21 and the lens group. The details of the traveling direction of the measurement auxiliary light will also be described later.
- the measurement auxiliary light emitted from the prism 30c passes through the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 and irradiates the subject. As shown in FIG. 5, when the subject H is irradiated with the measurement auxiliary light, the spot SP as a circular region (specific region) is formed in the subject.
- a measurement auxiliary slit formed in the tip portion 12d of the endoscope may be used. Further, it is preferable to apply an antireflection coating (AR (Anti-Reflection) coating) (antireflection portion) to the measurement auxiliary light lens 23.
- AR Anti-Reflection
- the antireflection coat is provided in this way is that when the measurement auxiliary light is reflected without passing through the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 and the ratio of the measurement auxiliary light applied to the subject decreases, the signal processing unit 39 determines. This is because it becomes difficult to recognize the position of the spot SP formed on the subject by the measurement auxiliary light.
- the measurement auxiliary light emitting unit 30 may be any as long as it can emit the measurement auxiliary light toward the field of view of the imaging optical system.
- the light source 30a may be provided in the light source device, and the light emitted from the light source 30a may be guided to the GRIN lens 30b by the optical fiber 30d.
- DOE diffractive Optical Element
- the measurement auxiliary light is emitted in a state where the optical axis LM of the measurement auxiliary light intersects the optical axis LI of the objective lens 21.
- the measurement auxiliary light in the imaging range (indicated by arrows QN, QM, and QF) at each point. It can be seen that the positions of the spots SP formed on the subject (points where the arrows QN, QM, and QF intersect with the optical axis LM) are different.
- the shooting angle of view of the imaging optical system is represented within the region sandwiched between the two solid lines 45, and the measurement is performed in the central region (the region sandwiched between the two dotted lines 46) with less aberration in the shooting angle of view. ing.
- the sensitivity of the movement of the spot position to the change in the observation distance is high, so that the size of the subject is large. Can be measured with high accuracy. Then, by imaging the subject illuminated by the measurement auxiliary light with the image sensor 32, an captured image including the spot SP can be obtained.
- the signal processing unit 39 functions as a position specifying unit that specifies the position of the spot SP based on the captured image. Specifically, the coordinate information regarding the position of the spot SP is specified.
- the spot SP is displayed in a substantially circular red region containing a large amount of components corresponding to the color of the measurement auxiliary light in the captured image. Therefore, the position of the spot SP is specified from the substantially circular red region.
- the captured image is binarized, and the center of gravity of the white portion (pixel whose signal intensity is higher than the binarization threshold) in the binarized image is specified as the position of the spot SP.
- the signal processing unit 39 also functions as an observation distance detection unit that detects the observation distance based on the position of the spot SP.
- the signal processing unit 39 detects the observation distance from the position of the spot SP by referring to the observation distance table that stores the relationship between the position of the spot SP and the observation distance in the captured image. It is preferable that the coordinate information regarding the position of the spot SP, the observation distance, and the like are saved as attached data of the captured image.
- the tip portion 12d includes a tip portion main body 51, a tip cap 52, an objective lens 21, an illumination lens 22 (see FIG. 8), a treatment tool outlet 24 (see FIG. 8), an air supply / water supply nozzle 25, and the like.
- the tip body 51 is formed of a hard material such as metal, and is arranged on the tip 12d with an imaging optical system 29b, an air supply / water supply nozzle 25, a connection pipe 53, a light guide 28 (see FIG. 3), and a treatment tool insertion. Holds each component such as the pipe 54 (see FIG. 8).
- the light guide 28, the treatment tool insertion tube 54, and the like are omitted in order to prevent the drawings from becoming complicated.
- the tip cap 52 is formed of an insulating resin material and covers the tip side of the tip body 51 in the axial direction Z of the insertion portion 12a.
- the end face on the tip side (objective side) in the axial direction Z may be referred to as the tip end surface or the tip end
- the end face on the side opposite to the objective side may be referred to as the proximal end surface or the proximal end.
- the tip cap 52 is formed with an objective lens 21, an illumination lens 22, an air supply / water supply nozzle 25, through holes 52a to 52d for exposing the measurement auxiliary light lens 23, and a treatment tool outlet 24 (see FIG. 8). ..
- the objective lens 21 also serves as a cover glass for the imaging optical system 29b, and is a lens located on the most advanced side of the imaging optical system 29b.
- the imaging optical system 29b including the objective lens 21 is held by the lens barrel 55.
- the lens barrel 55 holds the proximal end side of the outer peripheral surface of the objective lens 21.
- the tip end side of the outer peripheral surface of the objective lens 21 fits into the through hole 52a of the tip cap 52.
- the lens barrel 55 is held by the tip body 51.
- the tip surface of the lens barrel 55 abuts on the base end side of the tip cap 52, and the objective lens 21 is arranged at a position where it is exposed from the tip end side of the tip cap 52.
- the objective lens 21 may be a cover glass that is located on the most advanced side of the imaging optical system 29b and does not have a lens effect. Further, the objective lens 21 does not have to constitute the imaging optical system 29b, and may be fitted and fixed to the through hole 52d of the tip cap 52 as a mere cover glass.
- the treatment tool outlet 24 communicates with the treatment tool introduction port 12f (see FIG. 1) of the operation unit 12b through the treatment tool insertion pipe 54 that passes through the insertion portion 12a, and is inserted from the treatment tool introduction port 12f.
- the treatment tool is derived.
- a suction pipe (not shown) is connected to the treatment tool insertion tube 54, and suction is performed from the treatment tool outlet 24 by operating the suction button 12g (see FIG. 1) of the operation unit 12b.
- the tip cap 52 is provided with a tip surface 56.
- the tip surface 56 has a flat surface 56a, a flat surface 56b, and a guide surface 56c.
- the plane 56a is a plane orthogonal to the axial direction Z.
- the plane 56b is parallel to the plane 56a and is located on the tip side of the plane 56a in the axial direction Z.
- the guide surface 56c is arranged between the plane 56a and the plane 56b.
- the above-mentioned through holes 52a and 52b are arranged on the flat surface 56b. That is, the front end surface 21a of the objective lens 21 exposed from the through holes 52a and 52b and the tip surface 22a of the pair of illumination lenses 22 are arranged on the plane 56b.
- the objective lens 21 is arranged between the pair of illumination lenses 22.
- the tip surface 21a of the objective lens 21 and the tip surface 22a of the illumination lens 22 are flat surfaces and are arranged on the same plane as the flat surface 56b in the axial direction Z (see also FIG. 7).
- the above-mentioned through holes 52c and 52d are arranged on the flat surface 56a.
- the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 is exposed from the through hole 52c. That is, the plane 56a is the mounting position of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 in the axial direction Z.
- the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 is connected to the air supply / liquid supply pipe 57 via the connection pipe 53.
- the base end portion of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 is externally fitted to one end of the connection pipe 53, and one end of the air supply / liquid supply pipe 57 is externally fitted to the other end.
- An injection cylinder portion 25a is formed on the tip side of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25.
- the injection cylinder portion 25a is formed in a tubular shape protruding from the base end portion of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 in a direction of bending at, for example, 90 degrees, and has an injection port 25b at the tip.
- the injection cylinder portion 25a is arranged so as to project from the through hole 52c toward the tip end side in the axial direction Z.
- the injection port 25b of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 is arranged toward the objective lens 21.
- the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 injects a cleaning liquid or gas, which is a fluid, onto the tip surface 21a of the objective lens 21 and its peripheral portion.
- the air supply water supply nozzle 25 communicates with an air supply liquid supply pipe 57 that inserts the inside of the endoscope 12, and sends the air supply to an air supply water supply device (not shown) connected to the endoscope 12. It is connected via a liquid pipe 57.
- the leak hole formed in the air supply / water supply button 12h (see FIG. 1) of the operation unit 12b is closed with a finger
- the gas from the air supply / water supply device is ejected from the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 to open the leak hole.
- the air supply / water supply button 12h is pressed with the closed finger, the cleaning liquid from the air supply / water supply device is ejected from the air supply / water supply button 12h.
- gas is supplied from the air supply water supply nozzle 25. Is ejected to remove the cleaning liquid remaining in the objective lens 21 or its adjacent region.
- the gas flow velocity F2 at the outer peripheral edge of the objective lens 21 is preferably 40 m / s or more.
- the flow velocity F1 and F2 preferably satisfy the above values regardless of the orientation of the tip portion 12d.
- the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 is located vertically downward with respect to the objective lens 21.
- the flow velocity of the washing water or gas decreases due to the influence of gravity, but even in this case, it is preferable that the above values are satisfied.
- the tip surface 23a of the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 exposed from the through hole 52d is arranged on the flat surface 56a. That is, the mounting position of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 and the tip surface 23a of the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 are arranged at the same position in the axial direction Z.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 is arranged within the fluid injection range of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 and between the objective lens 21 and the air supply / water supply nozzle 25.
- the central axis CA of the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 is located on the center line CL of the injection cylinder portion 25a, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 is used to supply air and water. It suffices as long as it is arranged within the fluid injection range of the nozzle 25 and between the objective lens 21 and the air supply / water supply nozzle 25, and the position of the central axis CA may deviate from the center line CL.
- the outer diameter d1 of the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 is 0.5 mm or more and 1.6 mm or less, and the first minimum distance G1 which is the minimum distance between the outer peripheral edge of the objective lens 21 and the outer peripheral edge of the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 is It is preferable that the second minimum distance G2, which is 0 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, and the minimum distance between the outer peripheral edge of the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 and the tip of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25, is 0 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.
- the outer diameter d1 of the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 is preferably smaller than the outer diameter d2 of the objective lens 21 (see FIG. 11). Further, the outer diameter d1 of the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 is preferably smaller than the opening width W1 (see FIG. 11) of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25.
- the guide surface 56c is provided between the flat surface 56a and the flat surface 56b.
- the plane 56a and the plane 56b have a step in the axial direction Z, but the guide surface 56c is formed by a continuous surface connecting the plane 56a and the plane 56b.
- the guide surface 56c is an inclined surface formed flat from a position in contact with the outer peripheral edge of the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 to a position in contact with the outer peripheral edge of the objective lens 21.
- the guide surface 56c is arranged within the fluid injection range of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25, when the fluid is injected from the air supply / water supply nozzle 25, the fluid is also injected to the guide surface 56c.
- the fluid jetted on the guide surface 56c diffuses and is sprayed on the objective lens 21.
- the entire guide surface 56c may be included in the fluid injection range of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25, or only a part of the guide surface 56c may be included.
- the guide surface 56c is all included in the region connecting the injection port 25b of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 and the outer peripheral edge of the objective lens 21.
- the opening width W1 of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 is smaller than the outer diameter d2 of the objective lens 21.
- the guide surface 56c is located within the fluid injection range of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25, the fluid is diffused by the guide surface 56c. Therefore, since the fluid diffused by the guide surface 56c is blown onto the objective lens 21 (the state indicated by the broken line arrow in FIG. 11), the objective lens 21 having an outer diameter d2 larger than the opening width W1 of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 It is possible to improve the cleanability.
- the fluid injected from the air supply / water supply nozzle 125 goes straight ahead without being diffused and is sprayed onto the objective lens 121. .. Therefore, for the objective lens 121 having an outer diameter d12 larger than the opening width W11 of the air supply / water supply nozzle 125, the fluid is not sprayed on both side portions (the shaded portions) of the fluid injection range and becomes dirty. May remain. On the other hand, since the present embodiment has the guide surface 56c, this does not occur.
- the system control unit 41 controls the operation of the image pickup element 32 via the image pickup control unit 33, and also controls the light source unit 26 of the light source device 14 and the light source of the measurement auxiliary light emission unit 30.
- the operation of 30a is controlled, and the illumination light and the measurement auxiliary light are controlled according to a preset light emission pattern.
- the insertion unit 12a is inserted into the subject, for example, into the digestive tract.
- the light from the light source device 14 passes through the light guide 28 and the illumination lens 22 and irradiates the observed portion in the digestive tract.
- the measurement auxiliary light from the light source 30a is applied to the observed portion through the measurement auxiliary light lens 23.
- the image sensor 32 photographs the inside of the digestive tract and outputs an image pickup signal. This image pickup signal is input to the processor device 16 via the communication I / F36 and the communication I / F38, and is displayed on the monitor 18.
- the spot SP is reflected in the captured image by irradiating the measurement auxiliary light.
- the objective lens 21 When the objective lens 21 becomes dirty, or when the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 becomes dirty, the objective lens 21 is cleaned by injecting cleaning water from the injection port 25b by operating the air supply / water supply button 12h. After cleaning the objective lens 21, gas is further injected from the injection port 25b by operating the air supply / water supply button 12h to blow off the cleaning water remaining in the objective lens 21.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 is arranged within the fluid injection range of the air supply water supply nozzle 25 and between the objective lens 21 and the air supply water supply nozzle 25, the air supply water supply nozzle 25
- the fluid can be jetted to the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 at the same time.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 can be cleaned at the same time as the objective lens 21, so that dirt on the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 can be efficiently removed.
- the flow velocity F1 of the wash water at the outer peripheral edge of the objective lens 21 is 2 m / s or more, and the gas at the outer peripheral edge of the objective lens 21. Since the flow velocity F2 of the above is 40 m / s or more, the gas is injected at a flow velocity sufficient to remove the stains on the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 while removing the stains on the objective lens 21.
- the distance between the outer peripheral edge of the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 and the tip of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 is the second minimum distance G2, but in the second embodiment, this distance is provided. Is set to 0 mm, and the position of the measurement auxiliary light lens is regulated by abutting the measurement auxiliary light lens and the air supply / water supply nozzle.
- the tip 60 shown in FIG. 13 has a notch 61a in the measurement auxiliary light lens 61.
- the notch portion 61a is arranged at a position facing the air supply / water supply nozzle 25.
- the configurations of the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 and the tip cap 52 other than the through holes 62a and 62b are the same as those of the tip portion 12d and the measurement auxiliary light emission portion 30 of the first embodiment, and are designated by the same reference numerals. The explanation is omitted.
- the notch portion 61a is formed at a position that avoids the optical path of the measurement auxiliary light emitted from the measurement auxiliary light lens 61.
- the notch portion 61a is arranged at a position opposite to the optical axis LM2 of the measurement auxiliary light with respect to the central axis CA2 of the measurement auxiliary light lens 61.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 is formed in a cylindrical shape like the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 of the first embodiment, except that it has a notch portion 61a.
- the notch portion 61a is an inclined surface that is inclined from the front end surface 61b of the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 toward the outer peripheral surface 61c.
- the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 is incorporated in the tip portion 60 in a state where the tip end of the injection cylinder portion 25a is in contact with the notch portion 61a.
- the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 and the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 are held by the tip main body 51 as in the first embodiment.
- the air supply water supply nozzle 25 and the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 are incorporated into the tip portion 60 in a state of being in contact with each other, the air supply water supply nozzle 25 and the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 are provided to be exposed.
- the through holes 62a and 62b (see FIG. 15) of the tip cap 52 are integrally formed.
- the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 is connected to the connecting pipe. Together with 53, it is held by the tip body 51.
- the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 has the injection cylinder portion 25a in contact with the notch 61a. It is located on the tip side in the axial direction Z with respect to the measurement auxiliary light lens 61. As a result, the position of the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 in the axial direction Z is restricted.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 can be accurately positioned in the axial direction Z. Further, by restricting the position by the air supply / water supply nozzle 25, it is possible to prevent the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 from coming off in the axial direction Z. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to fix the tip end side of the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 to the tip portion main body 51 by adhesion or the like in the assembly step, the number of assembly steps of the tip portion 60 can be reduced.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 is formed as a notch portion 61a with an inclined surface inclined from the front end surface 61b of the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 toward the outer peripheral surface 61c.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and when incorporated in the tip portion 60, it may be a notch portion facing the air supply water supply nozzle 25 and abutting the air supply water supply nozzle 25, for example, as shown in FIG.
- a notch 63a that is recessed from the tip surface 63b of the measurement auxiliary light lens 63 and has a step parallel to the tip surface 63b may be used.
- the position of the measurement auxiliary light lens 63 in the axial direction Z is restricted as in the second embodiment.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 and the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 are brought into contact with each other to regulate the position of the measurement auxiliary light lens 23, but in the third embodiment, the measurement auxiliary light is used.
- the position of the measurement auxiliary light lens is regulated by bringing the lens into contact with the tip cap.
- the tip portion 65 shown in FIG. 17 has a notch portion 66a in the measurement auxiliary light lens 66, similarly to the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 of the second embodiment.
- the configurations of the measurement auxiliary light lens 66 and the tip cap 52 other than the through holes 67a and 67b are the same as those of the tip portion 12d and the measurement auxiliary light emission portion 30 of the first embodiment, and are designated by the same reference numerals. The explanation is omitted.
- the notch portion 66a is formed at a position avoiding the optical path of the measurement auxiliary light emitted from the measurement auxiliary light lens 66, similarly to the notch 61a of the measurement auxiliary light lens 61 of the second embodiment. .. As a result, the outer shape of the spot SP formed on the subject by being irradiated with the measurement auxiliary light is not chipped.
- the notch portion 66a is an inclined surface that is inclined from the front end surface 66b of the measurement auxiliary light lens 66 toward the outer peripheral surface 66c.
- Through holes 67a and 67b are formed in the tip cap 52 to expose the measurement auxiliary light lens 66 and the air supply / water supply nozzle 25.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 66 has a notch 66a at a position facing the base end side of the tip cap 52.
- the through hole 67a has a shape in which a part of the circular shape is cut out to match the shape of the tip surface 66b.
- the tip surface 66b is exposed from the through hole 67a when the notch 66a abuts on the base end side of the tip cap 52.
- the through hole 67a is formed with an inclined surface 67c (see FIG. 17) having an inclination combined with the notch portion 66a.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 66 can be accurately positioned in the axial direction Z. Further, by restricting the position by the tip cap 52, it is possible to prevent the measurement auxiliary light lens 66 from coming off in the axial direction Z. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to fix the tip end side of the measurement auxiliary light lens 66 to the tip portion main body 51 by adhesion or the like in the assembly step, the number of assembly steps of the tip portion 65 can be reduced.
- the injection port 25b of the air supply / water supply nozzle 25 is provided on the tip surface 66b of the measurement auxiliary light lens 66. Can be placed in close proximity. As a result, dirt on the measurement auxiliary light lens 23 can be removed more efficiently.
- the measurement auxiliary light lens 66 is formed with an inclined surface inclined from the front end surface 66b toward the outer peripheral surface 66c as a notch portion 66a, but the present invention is not limited to this. If it is incorporated into the tip portion 65, it may be a notch portion that comes into contact with the tip cap 52.
- the tip surface 66b is similar to the measurement auxiliary light lens 63 shown in FIG. 16 of the second embodiment. It may be a notch portion that is further recessed and has a step parallel to the tip surface 66b. As a result, the position in the axial direction Z is regulated as in the third embodiment.
- a measurement marker used for measuring the size of an observation target or the like is displayed on the captured image.
- the display control unit 40 is an irradiation region. Based on the position of the spot SP, the measurement image in which the measurement marker is displayed on the subject image is displayed on the monitor 18. More specifically, the display control unit 40 displays the measurement image on which the first measurement marker is superimposed, centering on the spot SP, on the monitor 18.
- the first measurement marker for example, a circular measurement marker is used. In this case, as shown in FIG.
- the actual size is 5 mm (horizontal and vertical of the subject image) in accordance with the center of the spot SP1 formed on the tumor tm1 of the subject.
- the marker M1 indicating the direction) is displayed.
- the measurement marker is displayed on the monitor 18, the observation distance may also be displayed on the monitor 18.
- the actual size is 5 mm (horizontal direction and vertical direction of the subject image) in accordance with the center of the spot SP2 formed on the tumor tm2 of the subject.
- the indicator M2 is displayed. Since the marker display position of the marker M2 is located at the center of the subject image that is not easily affected by the distortion by the objective lens 21, the marker M2 is circular without being affected by the distortion or the like.
- a marker M3 indicating an actual size of 5 mm (horizontal direction and vertical direction of the subject image) is displayed so as to be aligned with the center of the spot SP3 formed on the tumor tm3 of the subject.
- the size of the first measurement marker corresponding to the same actual size of 5 mm becomes smaller as the observation distance becomes longer.
- the shape of the first measurement marker differs depending on the marker display position according to the influence of the distortion caused by the objective lens 21.
- the center of the spot SP and the center of the marker are displayed so as to coincide with each other.
- the first measurement marker is located at a position away from the spot SP. May be displayed.
- the first measurement marker corresponding to the actual size of the subject of 5 mm is displayed, but the actual size of the subject is an arbitrary value (for example, 2 mm) according to the observation target and the observation purpose. , 3 mm, 10 mm, etc.) may be set.
- the positional relationship between the measurement marker and the spot SP is such that the spot SP is located at any one of the "center of gravity", “center”, or “coordinates regarded as the center” of the measurement marker.
- the shape of the measurement marker is not limited to the circular shape.
- the measurement marker setting unit 61 may set a measurement marker having a scale with the end as a base point, which corresponds to the position of the spot SP.
- the end portion is a portion closer to the outer portion than the central portion, a start point, an end point, or the like in the shape of the measurement marker.
- FIG. 22 is a measurement image in which the marker M4 set by the measurement marker setting unit 61 is superimposed on the subject image so that the position of the spot SP and the base point of the scale of the marker M4 overlap.
- the subject image includes the tumor tm, the spot SP, and the shadow SH in some cases.
- the marker M4 is preferably superimposed so as to be displayed at the position of the spot SP for more accurate measurement. Therefore, even when displaying at a position far from the spot SP, it is preferable to display as close to the spot SP as possible.
- the marker M4 is a straight line segment, and has a scale at the start point and the end point of the line segment, which is a line segment perpendicular to the straight line segment.
- the marker M4 is a line segment or the like and has a start point and an end point
- the start point and / or the end point itself may be used as a scale.
- the scale in the shape of a line segment perpendicular to the straight line segment is used. It does not have to be.
- the marker M4 may have a number "10" in the vicinity of the base point of the scale.
- This is a scale label LA of the marker M4, and is attached so that the line segment of the marker M4 can be easily recognized as having an actual size of 10 mm.
- the numbers included in the measurement markers have the same meaning.
- the numerical value of the scale label LA can be changed by setting, and may be a marker M4 that does not display the scale label LA itself.
- Various types of measurement markers are used depending on the settings. For example, a straight line segment or a combination of straight line segments, a combination of circles or circles in shape, a combination of straight line segments and circles, and the like are used.
- the measurement image shown in FIG. 23 includes a marker M5 whose shape is a combination of straight line segments.
- the marker M5 has a shape in which straight line segments are combined in an L-shape, and the line segments extend in the upward direction and the paper surface direction from the corners of the L-shape as the base point, and the base point is the start point and the end points are respectively.
- the measurement image shown in FIG. 24 includes a marker M6 which is a combination of a line segment having a straight line shape and a circle.
- the marker M6 has a shape obtained by combining a circle and a line segment having the diameter of the circle, and the line segment extends to the right of the paper surface with one of the intersections of the line segment and the circle as a base point.
- the intersection of the line segment and the circle is used as a scale.
- a scale SC may be provided at the center of a point or circle that halves the line segment.
- the marker M6 has the number "10" which is the scale label LA in the vicinity of the base point of the scale, like the marker M4 or the marker M5.
- the measurement markers include, for example, a marker M7A (FIG. 25 (A)) including a scale label LA in which a line segment extends from the base point to the left of the paper surface, and downward from the base point on the paper surface.
- a cross shape in which vertical lines and horizontal lines intersect may be used.
- a graduated cross shape in which a scale Mx is added to at least one of a cross-shaped vertical line and a horizontal line may be used.
- a distorted cross shape in which at least one of a vertical line and a horizontal line is tilted may be used.
- the first measurement marker may be a circle in which a cross shape and a circle are combined and a cross shape.
- the first measurement marker may be a measurement point cloud type in which a plurality of measurement point EPs corresponding to the actual size from the spot are combined.
- the number of the first measurement markers may be one or a plurality, and the color of the first measurement markers may be changed according to the actual size.
- the first measurement marker As the first measurement marker, as shown in FIG. 27, three concentric markers M8A, M8B, and M8C (diameters 2 mm, 5 mm, and 10 mm, respectively) having different sizes are placed on the tumor tm.
- the spot SP formed in the above may be displayed on the subject image as the center. Since a plurality of these three concentric markers are displayed, the trouble of switching can be saved, and measurement is possible even when the subject has a non-linear shape.
- a combination of multiple conditions can be prepared in advance and selected from the combinations. It may be.
- the marker M9A is represented by a dotted line representing red
- the marker M9B is represented by a solid line representing blue
- the marker M9C is represented by a alternate long and short dash line representing white.
- the first measurement marker in addition to a plurality of concentric markers, as shown in FIG. 29, a plurality of distorted concentric markers in which each concentric circle is distorted may be used.
- the distorted concentric markers M10A, M10B, and marker M10C are displayed in the subject image centering on the spot SP formed on the tumor tm.
- the subject In the length measurement mode, the subject is constantly irradiated with the illumination light and the spot light (measurement light).
- the illumination light is constantly lit and constantly irradiates the subject with the spot.
- the light may intermittently irradiate the subject with spot light by repeating turning on and off (or dimming) every frame (or every few frames).
- the position of the spot light is detected and the display setting of the measurement marker is performed. Then, it is preferable to superimpose and display the measurement marker for which the display setting has been made on the image obtained in the frame that irradiates only the illumination light.
- the measurement light the light formed as a spot when the subject is irradiated is used, but other light may be used.
- a line-shaped measurement light formed as an intersecting line 80 on the subject may be used.
- the intersecting line 80 which is a line-shaped irradiation region, is formed on the subject.
- a second measurement marker including the intersection line 80 and the scale 82 as an index of the size of the subject is generated on the intersection line 80.
- the subject When line-shaped measurement light is used as the measurement light, the subject may be constantly irradiated with the illumination light and the line-shaped measurement light during the length measurement mode, and as shown in FIG. 32, the illumination light is While constantly illuminating the subject, the line-shaped measurement light intermittently illuminates the subject by repeating turning on and off (or dimming) every frame (or every few frames). You may. In this case, in the frame that lights the line-shaped measurement light, the position of the line-shaped measurement light is detected and the display of the measurement marker is set. Then, it is preferable to superimpose and display the measurement marker for which the display setting has been made on the image obtained in the frame that irradiates only the illumination light.
- the striped pattern light ZPL formed as the light of the striped pattern on the subject when the subject is irradiated may be used (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-1983304 (see).
- the striped pattern light ZPL is obtained by irradiating a liquid crystal shutter (not shown) with variable transmittance with a specific laser light, and a region (transmission region) through which the specific laser light is transmitted by the liquid crystal shutter and a specific laser light. Is formed from two different patterns of vertical stripes that do not pass through (non-transparent area) and repeat periodically in the horizontal direction.
- the cycle of the striped pattern light changes depending on the distance from the subject. Therefore, the cycle or phase of the striped pattern light is shifted by the liquid crystal shutter and irradiated multiple times.
- the three-dimensional shape of the subject is measured based on a plurality of images obtained by shifting the period or phase.
- the subject is alternately irradiated with the striped pattern light of phase X, the striped pattern light of phase Y, and the striped pattern light of phase Z.
- the striped pattern light of the phases X, Y, and Z is phase-shifted by 120 ° (2 ⁇ / 3) from the vertical striped pattern.
- the three-dimensional shape of the subject is measured using three types of images obtained based on each striped pattern light.
- the striped pattern light of phase X, the striped pattern light of phase Y, and the striped pattern light of phase Z are switched in units of one frame (or several frames). It is preferable to irradiate the subject. It is preferable that the illumination light always irradiates the subject.
- the measurement light LPL having a grid pattern formed as a grid pattern when the subject is irradiated may be used (for example, JP-A-2017-217215). See Gazette).
- the measurement light LPL of the grid pattern is not a perfect grid, but is slightly deformed from the grid such as wavy so as to improve the detection accuracy of the grid pattern.
- the grid pattern is provided with an S code indicating that the end points of the left and right horizontal lines are continuous.
- the grid pattern may be a pattern in which vertical lines and horizontal lines are regularly arranged, or a pattern in which a plurality of spots are arranged in a vertical and horizontal grid pattern.
- the subject When the measurement light LPL having a grid pattern is used as the measurement light, the subject may be constantly irradiated with the illumination light and the measurement light LPL having a grid pattern during the length measurement mode, and as shown in FIG. While the illumination light constantly illuminates the subject, the grid pattern measurement light LPL repeats turning on and off (or dimming) every frame (or every few frames) to measure the grid pattern.
- the subject may be irradiated with the LPL intermittently. In this case, in the frame that lights the measurement light LPL of the grid pattern, the three-dimensional shape is measured based on the measurement light LPL of the grid pattern. Then, it is preferable to superimpose and display the measurement result of the three-dimensional shape on the image obtained in the frame that irradiates only the illumination light.
- a three-dimensional plane light TPL represented by a mesh line on the subject image may be used (see, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2017-508529).
- the tip portion 12d is moved so that the three-dimensional plane light TPL matches the measurement target.
- the distance of the intersection curve CC between the three-dimensional plane light TPL and the subject is calculated by a process based on a manual operation such as a user interface or an automatic process.
- the subject When the three-dimensional plane light TPL is used as the measurement light, the subject may be constantly irradiated with the illumination light and the three-dimensional plane light TPL during the length measurement mode, and as shown in FIG. 38, the illumination light is While constantly irradiating the subject, the three-dimensional plane light TPL intermittently irradiates the subject with the three-dimensional plane light TPL by repeating turning on and off (or dimming) every frame (or every few frames). You may.
- processor the hardware structure of the processing unit that executes various processes such as the signal processing unit 39, the display control unit 40, and the system control unit 41 is as follows.
- processors include CPU (Central Processing Unit), GPU (Graphical Processing Unit), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), which are general-purpose processors that execute software (programs) and function as various processing units.
- Programmable Logic Device PLD
- PLD Programmable Logic Device
- One processing unit may be composed of one of these various processors, or a combination of two or more processors of the same type or different types (for example, a plurality of FPGAs, a combination of a CPU and an FPGA, or a CPU. It may be composed of a combination of and GPU, etc.). Further, a plurality of processing units may be configured by one processor. As an example of configuring a plurality of processing units with one processor, first, as represented by a computer such as a client or a server, one processor is configured by a combination of one or more CPUs and software. There is a form in which this processor functions as a plurality of processing units.
- SoC System On Chip
- a processor that realizes the functions of the entire system including a plurality of processing units with one IC (Integrated Circuit) chip is used.
- the various processing units are configured by using one or more of the above-mentioned various processors as a hardware-like structure.
- the hardware structure of these various processors is, more specifically, an electric circuit in the form of a combination of circuit elements such as semiconductor elements.
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Abstract
Description
図1に示すように、内視鏡システム10は、内視鏡12と、光源装置14と、プロセッサ装置16と、モニタ18と、ユーザーインターフェース19とを有する。内視鏡12は光源装置14と光学的に接続され、かつ、プロセッサ装置16と電気的に接続される。プロセッサ装置16は、画像を表示するモニタ18(表示部)に電気的に接続されている。ユーザーインターフェース19は、プロセッサ装置16に接続されており、プロセッサ装置16に対する各種設定操作等に用いられる。なお、ユーザーインターフェース19は図示したキーボードの他、マウスなどが含まれる。
上記第1実施形態では、計測補助光用レンズ23の外周縁と送気送水ノズル25の先端との間に第2最小距離G2の間隔を有しているが、第2実施形態では、この間隔を0mmとし、さらに計測補助光用レンズと送気送水ノズルとを当接させて計測補助光用レンズの位置を規制している。図13に示す先端部60では、計測補助光用レンズ61に切欠き部61aを有している。切欠き部61aは、送気送水ノズル25と対面する位置に配されている。なお、計測補助光用レンズ61、先端キャップ52の貫通孔62a,62b以外の構成は、上記第1実施形態の先端部12d、計測補助光出射部30と同様であり、同符号を付して説明を省略する。
上記第2実施形態では、計測補助光用レンズ23と送気送水ノズル25とを当接させて計測補助光用レンズ23の位置を規制しているが、第3実施形態では、計測補助光用レンズと先端キャップとを当接させて計測補助光用レンズの位置を規制する。図17に示す先端部65では、上記第2実施形態の計測補助光用レンズ61と同様に、計測補助光用レンズ66に切欠き部66aを有している。なお、計測補助光用レンズ66、先端キャップ52の貫通孔67a,67b以外の構成は、上記第1実施形態の先端部12d、計測補助光出射部30と同様であり、同符号を付して説明を省略する。
上記各実施形態に対する種々の変形例について以下に説明する。なお、上記各実施形態と同様の構成については同符号を用いて説明を省略する。上記各実施形態では、撮像画像上に、観察対象の大きさなどの測定に用いられる計測用マーカを表示することを述べているが、具体的には、表示制御部40が、照射領域であるスポットSPの位置に基づいて、計測用マーカを被写体画像上に表示させた計測用画像をモニタ18にて表示する。さらに具体的には、表示制御部40は、スポットSPを中心として、第1の計測用マーカを重畳した計測用画像をモニタ18に表示する。第1の計測用マーカとしては、例えば、円型の計測マーカを用いる。この場合、図19に示すように、観察距離が近端PNに近い場合には、被写体の腫瘍tm1上に形成されたスポットSP1の中心に合わせて、実寸サイズ5mm(被写体画像の水平方向及び垂直方向)を示すマーカM1が表示される。なお、計測用マーカをモニタ18に表示する場合には、観察距離も合わせてモニタ18に表示してもよい。
12 内視鏡
12a 挿入部
12b 操作部
12c 湾曲部
12d 先端部
12e アングルノブ
12f 処置具導入口
12g 吸引ボタン
12h 送気送水ボタン
13a モード切替スイッチ
13b フリーズスイッチ
14 光源装置
16 プロセッサ装置
18 モニタ
19 ユーザーインターフェース
21 対物レンズ
21a 先端面
22 照明レンズ
22a 先端面
23 計測補助光用レンズ
23a 先端面
23b 基端面
24 処置具出口
25 送気送水ノズル
25a 噴射筒部
25b 噴射口
26 光源部
27 光源制御部
28 ライトガイド
29a 照明光学系
29b 撮像光学系
30 計測補助光出射部
30a 光源
30b レンズ
30b GRIN(Gradient Index)レンズ
30c プリズム
30d 光ファイバ
30e ファイバ外皮
30f フェルール
30g 補強材
30h ハウジング
32 撮像素子
33 撮像制御部
34 CDS/AGC回路
35 A/D
36 通信I/F(Interface)
38 通信I/F(Interface)
39 信号処理部
40 表示制御部
41 システム制御部
42 静止画保存部
43 静止画保存制御部
45 実線
46 点線
51 先端部本体
52 先端キャップ
52a 貫通孔
52b 貫通孔
52c 貫通孔
52d 貫通孔
53 接続パイプ
54 処置具挿通管
55 鏡胴
56 先端面
56a 平面
56b 平面
56c ガイド面
57 送気送液管
60 先端部
61 計測補助光用レンズ
61a 切欠き部
61b 先端面
61c 外周面
62a 貫通孔
62b 貫通孔
63 計測補助光用レンズ
63a 切欠き部
63b 先端面
65 先端部
66 計測補助光用レンズ
66a 切欠き部
66b 先端面
66c 外周面
67a 貫通孔
67b 貫通孔
67c 傾斜面
80 交差ライン
82 目盛り
120 先端部
121 対物レンズ
125 送気送水ノズル
CA 中心軸
CA2 中心軸
CL 中心線
d1 外径
D1 第1方向
d12 外径
d2 外径
D2 第2方向
DOE 光源
F1 流速
F2 流速
G1 第1最小距離
G2 第2最小距離
H 被写体
LD レーザー光源
LI 光軸
LM 光軸
LM2 光軸
LPL 格子状パターンの計測光
M1、M2、M3、M4、M5、M6、M7A、M7B、M7C、M8A、M8B、M8C、M9A、M9B、M9C、M10A、M10B、M10C マーカ
Mx 目盛り
PF 遠端
PM 中央付近
PN 近端
QF 矢印
QM 矢印
QN 矢印
R1 範囲
SC 目盛り
SH 影
SP、SP1、SP2、SP3 スポット
tm、tm1、tm2、tm3 腫瘍
TPL 3次元平面光
W1、W11 開口幅
Z 軸方向
ZPL 縞状パターン光
Claims (13)
- 被検体内に挿入する挿入部と、
前記挿入部の先端に設けられた先端面と、
前記先端面に配置された観察窓と、
前記先端面に配置され、前記観察窓に向けて流体を噴射する流体噴射用ノズルと、
前記先端面に配置され、計測補助光を出射する補助光照射窓とを備え、
前記補助光照射窓は、前記流体噴射用ノズルの流体噴射範囲内、かつ前記観察窓と流体噴射用ノズルとの間に配される内視鏡。 - 前記流体噴射用ノズルは、前記流体として液体又は気体を噴射し、
前記流体噴射用ノズルから前記観察窓に向けて液体又は気体が噴射された場合、前記観察窓に到達した位置における前記液体の流速は、2m/s以上であり、前記観察窓に到達した位置における前記気体の流速は40m/s以上である請求項1記載の内視鏡。 - 前記補助光照射窓を構成する補助光照射窓用光学部材は、前記流体噴射用ノズルと対面する位置に切欠き部を有している請求項1又は2記載の内視鏡。
- 前記切欠き部は、前記補助光照射窓から前記計測補助光を出射する際、計測補助光の光路を回避する位置に配されている請求項3記載の内視鏡。
- 前記流体噴射用ノズルは、前記切欠き部と当接した状態で、前記挿入部に組み込まれている請求項3又は4記載の内視鏡。
- 前記補助光照射窓は、前記切欠き部が前記流体噴射用ノズルと当接することにより、前記挿入部の軸方向における位置が規制される請求項5記載の内視鏡。
- 前記補助光照射窓を構成する補助光照射窓用光学部材、前記観察窓を含む撮像光学系、及び前記流体噴射用ノズルを保持する先端部本体と、
前記先端部本体の先端側を被覆する先端キャップを備え、
前記補助光照射窓用光学部材は、前記先端キャップと対面する位置に切欠き部を有している請求項1又は2記載の内視鏡。 - 前記補助光照射窓は、前記切欠き部が前記先端キャップと当接することにより、前記挿入部の軸方向における位置が規制される請求項7記載の内視鏡。
- 前記補助光照射窓用光学部材は、円柱形状に形成され、
前記切欠き部は、前記計測補助光用光学部材の先端から外周面に向かって傾斜する傾斜面である請求項3ないし8のいずれか1項記載の内視鏡。 - 前記補助光照射窓の外径は0.5mm以上1.6mm以下であり、
前記観察窓の外周縁と前記補助光照射窓の外周縁との最小距離である第1最小距離が0mm以上1.5mm以下、前記補助光照射窓の外周縁と前記流体噴射用ノズルの先端との最小距離である第2最小距離が0mm以上0.5mm以下である請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項記載の内視鏡。 - 前記流体噴射用ノズルの前記先端面に対する取付位置と、前記補助光照射窓の先端面とは、前記挿入部の軸方向における位置が同一であり、
前記観察窓の先端面は、前記補助光照射窓の先端面に対して前記軸方向における先端側に位置しており、
前記補助光照射窓の外周縁から前記観察窓の外周縁の間に連続するガイド面を有する請求項1ないし10のいずれか1項記載の内視鏡。 - 前記流体噴射用ノズルの開口幅は、前記観察窓の外径よりも小さく、
前記ガイド面は前記流体噴射用ノズルの流体噴射範囲内に位置する請求項11記載の内視鏡。 - 前記補助光照射窓の外径は、前記観察窓の外径よりも小さい請求項1ないし12のいずれか1項記載の内視鏡。
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| EP4024116A1 (en) | 2022-07-06 |
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