WO2021036875A1 - Electronic device, communication method and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an electronic device, a communication method and a storage medium in a wireless communication system. Provided is an electronic device at user equipment (UE) side, comprising a processing circuit configured to detect, for a group of transmission beams which can be used for data transmission between the UE and a base station, whether each transmission beam complies with maximum permissible exposure (MPE) requirements; and to select at least one candidate beam from the group of transmission beams by imposing a restriction on transmission beams detected as not complying with the MPE requirements, the at least one candidate beam being a candidate which is determined according to an associated beam measurement result as an optimal transmission beam for data transmission.

Description

Electronic equipment, communication method and storage medium Technical field

The present disclosure relates to electronic devices, communication methods, and storage media. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to electronic devices, communication methods, and storage media for managing beams used in wireless communication systems to overcome electromagnetic radiation problems to the human body.

Background technique

In order to meet the high data rates required by future wireless communication systems, the industry has been exploring ways to provide large bandwidths at ultra-high frequency (SHF) or even extremely high frequency (EHF). As the next-generation wireless communication standard, 5G NR (New Radio) uses, for example, a millimeter wave frequency band of 30 GHz to 300 GHz, and applies large-scale antenna technology and a multi-beam system to provide higher system rates and communication performance. Massive MIMO (Massive MIMO) technology further expands the use of the spatial domain. By using beamforming technology, a narrow directional beam is formed in a specific direction to combat the larger high-frequency channel. Path loss. These technologies have become key technologies for 5G communications.

However, the higher frequency band and antenna gain also bring concerns about the impact of electromagnetic radiation on human health. Some industry standard-setting organizations and government regulatory agencies have issued restrictions on radio frequency electromagnetic radiation. For higher frequency bands above 6 GHz, electromagnetic waves tend to interact with the skin surface. Therefore, Maximal Permissible Exposure (MPE) is used to limit the power of electromagnetic radiation per unit area. For example, the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has a limit of 1 mW/cm ² for MPE, that is, the power density (PD) per square centimeter of the surface should be less than 1 mW. The following table shows the FCC's specific definition of MPE.

As can be seen from the above table, the FCC has stipulated the maximum radiation that the human body can withstand in the uplink transmission scenario: For the antenna array used by the user equipment, the power density (PD) is equal to 1 milliwatt per square centimeter. The distance to the skin is 5 mm, and the average area is 4 square centimeters. In the case of a specific duty cycle, it corresponds to a maximum allowable Equivlaent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP). EIRP refers to the power radiated by the transmitting antenna on the axis of the beam center, in dBm (dBm corresponds to the power value calculated in milliwatts), and its calculation formula is EIRP=P _Tx -P _loss +G _bf , P _Tx Is the transmit power of the transmitting antenna, Ploss is the line loss _{of the antenna, and G bf} is the beamforming gain of the antenna. In addition, the duty cycle represents the ratio of the duration of the uplink transmission to the total time.

At present, the 3GPP RAN4 working group pays attention to the MPE problem in the NR standard in the R16 version, and uses the following two methods to reduce the impact of MPE on the human body, in order to meet the requirements of the FCC or other government regulatory agencies for MPE: one The method is to schedule the maximum percentage of uplink symbols in a certain evaluation period by configuring the maxUplinkDutyCycle field. As specified in TS 38.101, the maxUplinkDutyCycle field can take values of n60, n70, n80, n90, and n100, for example, to schedule 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100% uplink time; another way is to configure Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) to reduce the maximum transmit power.

However, the current solution to overcome the MPE problem has an unavoidable defect, that is, the uplink transmission rate or signal coverage is bound to be damaged to a certain extent. Therefore, there is a need for an improved solution that avoids the MPE problem.

Summary of the invention

The present disclosure provides techniques to alleviate or even overcome MPE problems by managing beams used for data transmission. By applying one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned needs are met.

A brief overview of the present disclosure is given below in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the present disclosure. However, it should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive summary of the present disclosure. It is not intended to be used to determine a key part or important part of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Its purpose is merely to present some concepts about the present disclosure in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description given later.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device on the user equipment (UE) side, including a processing circuit configured to detect a set of transmit beams that can be used for data transmission between the UE and a base station Whether each transmit beam meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirements; by imposing restrictions on the transmit beams that are detected as not meeting the MPE requirements, at least one candidate beam is selected from the set of transmit beams, wherein the at least one candidate The beam serves as a candidate from which the best transmission beam to be used for the data transmission is determined based on the associated beam measurement result.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device on the base station side, including a processing circuit configured to determine the difference between the base station and the user equipment based on beam measurement results and restrictions associated with at least one candidate beam. The optimal beam for data transmission between the user equipment (UE) is detected by the user equipment (UE) by detecting whether each beam in a set of beams available for the data transmission meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE). Applied by beams that do not meet the requirements of the MPE; and indicating the result of the determination to the user equipment.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device on a user equipment side, including a processing circuit configured to detect whether a first transmission beam used for data transmission between the user equipment and a base station meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirements; in response to detecting that the first transmit beam does not meet the MPE requirements, select to use the second transmit beam for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, wherein the second transmit beam is detected as meeting the MPE requirements; And sending the identification information of the second transmit beam to the base station.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device on the base station side, including a processing circuit configured to: schedule the use of a first transmit beam for data transmission between a user equipment and a base station; Receive the identification information of the second transmit beam; schedule the use of the second transmit beam for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, where the first transmit beam is detected by the user equipment as not meeting the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement , And the second transmit beam is detected by the user equipment as meeting the MPE requirement.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided, including: for a set of transmit beams that can be used for data transmission between the UE and a base station, detecting whether each transmit beam meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement; Restrictions are imposed on transmit beams that are detected as not meeting the MPE requirements, and at least one candidate beam is selected from the set of transmit beams, wherein the at least one candidate beam is determined to be used according to the associated beam measurement results. The candidate for the best transmit beam for the data transmission.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a communication method including: determining an optimal beam for data transmission between a base station and a user equipment based on beam measurement results and restrictions associated with at least one candidate beam, wherein The restriction is imposed by the user equipment (UE) by detecting whether each beam in a set of beams that can be used for the data transmission meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) to the beam that is detected as not meeting the requirements of the MPE; and The user equipment indicates the result of the determination.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a communication method including: detecting whether a first transmission beam used for data transmission between a user equipment and a base station meets a maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement; and in response to detecting the first transmission The beam does not meet the MPE requirements, and the second transmission beam is selected for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, where the second transmission beam is detected as meeting the MPE requirements; and the identification of the second transmission beam is sent to the base station information.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a communication method, including: scheduling the use of a first transmission beam for data transmission between a user equipment and a base station; receiving identification information of a second transmission beam from the user equipment; and scheduling use The second transmit beam is used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, wherein the first transmit beam is detected by the user equipment as not meeting the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement, and the second transmit beam is used by the user equipment Tested to meet MPE requirements.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing executable instructions that, when executed, implement the communication method as described above.

According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the MPE problem can be overcome without affecting communication performance.

Description of the drawings

The present disclosure can be better understood by referring to the detailed description given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals are used in all the drawings to denote the same or similar elements. All the drawings together with the following detailed description are included in the specification and form a part of the specification to further illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure and explain the principles and advantages of the present disclosure. among them:

Figure 1 is a simplified diagram showing the architecture of an NR communication system;

Figures 2A and 2B are the NR radio protocol architectures of the user plane and control plane, respectively;

Fig. 3A shows an example of an antenna array arranged in a matrix;

Figure 3B illustrates the mapping between antenna elements, transceiver units (TXRU) and antenna ports;

Fig. 4 schematically shows beams that can be used by the base station and the UE.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an uplink beam training process according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing beams available to the base station and the UE in a simplified form.

FIG. 7A shows an example of the format of the CSI report used by the UE for beam reporting.

FIG. 7B shows the bit width of each field of the CSI report in FIG. 7A.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a downlink beam training process according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing beams available to the base station and the UE in a simplified form.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of the format of the CSI report used by the UE for beam reporting.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example of the format of the CSI report used by the UE for beam reporting.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a downlink beam training process according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing beams available to the base station and the UE in a simplified form.

FIG. 14 illustrates an example of the format of the CSI report used by the UE for beam reporting.

FIG. 15 illustrates an example of the format of the CSI report used by the UE for beam reporting.

Fig. 16A is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device on the user equipment side according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 16B illustrates the communication method performed by the electronic device shown in FIG. 16A.

Fig. 17A is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device on the base station side according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 17B illustrates the communication method performed by the electronic device shown in FIG. 17A.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating a beam adjustment process according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 19 illustrates Example 1 of the beam adjustment process according to the second embodiment.

Figure 20A illustrates a conventional SRI indication scheme.

FIG. 20B illustrates an SRI indication scheme according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 21 illustrates Example 2 of the beam adjustment process according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 22 illustrates Example 3 of the beam adjustment process according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 23 shows Example 4 of the beam adjustment process according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 24 illustrates an exemplary scenario in which the MPE problem occurs in downlink data transmission.

FIG. 25 shows an example of the downlink transmit beam adjustment process according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 26A is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device on the user equipment side according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 26B illustrates the communication method performed by the electronic device shown in FIG. 26A.

Fig. 27A is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device on the base station side according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 27B illustrates the communication method performed by the electronic device shown in FIG. 27A.

FIG. 28 illustrates a first example of a schematic configuration of a base station according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 29 illustrates a second example of the schematic configuration of the base station according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 30 illustrates a schematic configuration example of a smart phone according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 31 illustrates a schematic configuration example of a car navigation device according to the present disclosure.

The features and aspects of the present disclosure will be clearly understood by reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

detailed description

Hereinafter, various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, not all the features of the embodiments are described in this specification. It should be noted, however, that when implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, many implementation-specific settings can be made according to specific needs, so as to comply with, for example, those restrictions related to equipment and services, and these restrictions may vary with the implementation. Different and changed.

In addition, it should also be noted that in order to avoid obscuring the present disclosure due to unnecessary details, only the processing steps and/or device structures closely related to the technical content of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, and other details are omitted.

Exemplary embodiments and application examples according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative, and is not intended to be any limitation on the present disclosure and its applications.

For convenience of explanation, various aspects of the present disclosure will be described below in the context of 5G NR. However, it should be noted that this is not a limitation on the application scope of the present disclosure. One or more aspects of the present disclosure may also be applied to existing wireless communication systems such as 4G LTE/LTE-A or various wireless communication systems developed in the future. The architecture, entities, functions, processes, etc. mentioned in the following description can be found in NR or other communication standards.

【System Overview】

FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram showing the architecture of the NR communication system. As shown in Figure 1, on the network side, the radio access network (NG-RAN) nodes of the NR communication system include gNB and ng-eNB, where gNB is a newly defined node in the 5G NR communication standard, which is connected via the NG interface Connect to the 5G core network (5GC), and provide NR user plane and control plane protocols that terminate with terminal equipment (also referred to as "user equipment", hereinafter referred to as "UE"); ng-eNB is used to communicate with 4G LTE communication system compatible and defined node, which can be an upgraded Node B (eNB) of the LTE radio access network, connects the device to the 5G core network via the NG interface, and provides an evolved universal terrestrial radio interface terminated with the UE Enter (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol. There is an Xn interface between NG-RAN nodes (for example, gNB, ng-eNB) to facilitate mutual communication between the nodes. Hereinafter, gNB and ng-eNB are collectively referred to as "base station".

However, it should be noted that the term "base station" used in the present disclosure is not limited to the above two types of nodes, but covers various control devices on the network side. For example, in addition to the gNB and ng-eNB specified in the 5G communication standard, depending on the scenario in which the technical solution of the present disclosure is applied, the "base station" may also be, for example, an eNB, a remote radio head, and a wireless interface in an LTE communication system. Entry points, drone control towers, control nodes in automated factories, or communication devices or their components that perform similar functions. The following chapters will describe in detail the application examples of the base station.

In addition, the term "UE" used in the present disclosure has the full breadth of its usual meaning, including various terminal devices or in-vehicle devices that communicate with a base station. As an example, the UE may be a terminal device such as a mobile phone, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, an in-vehicle communication device, a drone, a sensor and an actuator in an automated factory, or a component thereof. The following chapters will describe in detail the application examples of the UE.

Next, the NR radio protocol architecture used for the base station and UE in FIG. 1 will be described in conjunction with FIGS. 2A and 2B. FIG. 2A shows the radio protocol stack for the user plane of the UE and gNB, and FIG. 2B shows the radio protocol stack for the control plane of the UE and gNB.

Layer 1 (L1) of the radio protocol stack is the lowest layer, sometimes called the physical layer. The L1 layer implements various physical layer signal processing to provide transparent signal transmission functions.

Layer 2 (L2 layer) of the radio protocol stack is above the physical layer and is responsible for managing the wireless link between the UE and the base station. In the user plane, the L2 layer includes a medium access control (MAC) sublayer, a radio link control (RLC) sublayer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) sublayer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) sublayer. In addition, in the control plane, the L2 layer includes a MAC sublayer, an RLC sublayer, and a PDCP sublayer. The relationship between these sublayers is that the physical layer provides transmission channels for the MAC sublayer, the MAC sublayer provides logical channels for the RLC sublayer, the RLC sublayer provides RLC channels for the PDCP sublayer, and the PDCP sublayer provides radio bearers for the SDAP sublayer. In particular, the MAC sublayer is responsible for allocating various radio resources (for example, time-frequency resource blocks) in a cell among various UEs.

In the control plane, the radio resource control (RRC) sublayer in layer 3 (L3 layer) is also included in the UE and the base station. The RRC sublayer is responsible for obtaining radio resources (ie, radio bearers) and for configuring the lower layers using RRC signaling. In addition, the non-access stratum (NAS) control protocol in the UE performs functions such as authentication, mobility management, and security control.

In order to support the application of massive MIMO technology, both the base station and the UE have many antennas, such as dozens, hundreds or even thousands of antennas. For the antenna model, a three-level mapping relationship is generally defined around the antenna, so that it can successfully undertake the channel model and communication standards.

The first level is the most basic physical unit-the antenna, which can also be called an antenna array element. Each antenna array element radiates electromagnetic waves according to its own amplitude parameter and phase parameter.

The antenna array elements are arranged into one or more antenna arrays according to the required pattern. An antenna array can be composed of an entire row, an entire column, multiple rows, and multiple columns of antenna array elements. On this layer, each antenna array actually constitutes a Transceiver Unit (TXRU). Each TXRU can be configured independently. By configuring the amplitude parameters and/or phase parameters of the antenna elements that make up the TXRU, the TXRU antenna pattern can be adjusted. The electromagnetic wave radiation emitted by all the antenna elements in the antenna array forms a narrow beam pointing to a specific spatial direction. That is, beamforming is realized. FIG. 3A shows an example of antenna arrays arranged in a matrix, where M _g and N _g (M _g ≥1, N _g ≥1) respectively represent the number of antenna arrays in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Generally speaking, a base station can include more antennas (for example, up to 1024) than a UE, thereby having a stronger beamforming capability.

The TXRU and its antenna array elements can be configured into a variety of correspondences, thereby changing the beamforming capabilities and characteristics. From the perspective of the TXRU, a single TXRU can only contain a single row or single column of antenna elements, the so-called one-dimensional TXRU. At this time, the TXRU can only adjust the beam direction in one dimension; a single TXRU can also contain multiple rows or columns. The antenna array element is the so-called two-dimensional TXRU. At this time, the TXRU can adjust the beam direction in the horizontal and vertical dimensions. From the perspective of antenna elements, the antenna elements can be partially connected to form multiple TXRUs. At this time, each TXRU uses only part of the antenna elements to form a beam; it can also be fully connected to form multiple TXRUs. The TXRU can adjust the weighting coefficients of all antenna elements to form beams.

Finally, one or more TXRUs form the antenna ports (Antenna Ports) seen on the system level through logical mapping. When a one-to-one mapping relationship is adopted between the TXRU and the antenna port, the TXRU and the antenna port are equivalent, as shown in FIG. 3B. When two or more TXRUs belong to the coherent beam selection type, they can jointly form an antenna port. Among them, "antenna port" is defined as a channel that carries a symbol on a certain antenna port can be inferred from a channel that carries another symbol on the same antenna port. Generally speaking, antenna ports can be characterized by reference signals, such as channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), cell specific reference signals (CRS), sounding reference signals (SRS), DMRS, and so on.

Briefly describe the process in which a base station or UE uses an antenna array to transmit signals. First, the baseband signal representing the user data stream is mapped onto m (m≥1) radio frequency links through digital precoding. By performing digital precoding operations at the antenna port level, more flexible digital beamforming can be realized, for example, single-user or multi-user precoding, and multi-stream or multi-user transmission can be realized. Each radio frequency link up-converts the baseband signal to obtain a radio frequency signal, and transmits the radio frequency signal to the antenna array of the corresponding antenna port. The antenna array performs beamforming (also referred to as "analog precoding") on the radio frequency signal by adjusting the amplitude and phase according to the beamforming parameters to form a narrow beam that is aligned with the transmission direction. The signal received by the antenna array has an inverse process.

The beamforming parameters can be embodied as spatial domain filters. The specific spatial domain transmitting filter is used by the transmitting terminal to form a "transmit beam" pointing to a specific spatial direction, and the specific spatial domain receiving filter is used by the receiving terminal to form a "receiving beam" pointing to a specific spatial direction. "Receive beam" is actually an expression proposed for the purpose of facilitating understanding. The receiving beam corresponds to a spatial domain receiving filter that receives beam signals from a specific spatial direction. The antenna array at the receiving end does not form an actual beam. Beamforming parameters can be codebook-based, pre-configured and stored at the transmitter or receiver. The beamforming parameters can also be based on non-codebooks, for example, can correspond to the channel direction, and the base station or UE as the transmitter or receiver can be calculated based on the channel direction to form a spatial domain transmit filter or a spatial domain receiver The beamforming parameters of the filter.

On the one hand, the use of beamforming technology can concentrate electromagnetic energy and increase the gain of the antenna, but on the other hand, the impact of electromagnetic radiation on human health is also a factor that needs to be considered. Electromagnetic wave beams radiated by user equipment directly on the human body or skin may violate the MPE requirements set by industry standards organizations or regulatory agencies. As introduced in the previous section, the traditional solution is to adjust the duty cycle of the uplink symbol or reduce the maximum transmit power, but the cost is the loss of transmission rate or coverage.

Therefore, an improvement plan to avoid the MPE problem is needed. The inventors of the present disclosure have noticed the following fact: due to the strong indication of the beam, the UE generally needs to support many beams with different directions to achieve good access to the base station. The beams available to the UE include beams that directly hit the human body and those that do not directly hit the human body. Beams, where beams that directly hit the human body may cause MPE problems, while beams that do not directly hit the human body are unlikely to cause MPE problems.

In view of this, the present disclosure uses an improved beam management mechanism from the perspective of beams to avoid MPE problems without affecting the transmission rate and signal coverage. The present disclosure further designs beam management methods suitable for various specific scenarios. The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below.

[First embodiment]

The base station and UE have the ability to form many different beams, and the direction of the beam needs to match the direction of the channel to ensure the quality of the received signal, that is, at the transmitting end, the transmit beam should be aligned as far as possible to the channel launch angle (Angle of Departure, AOD) At the receiving end, the receiving beam should be aligned with the channel angle of arrival (Angle of Arrival, AOA) as much as possible.

Fig. 4 schematically shows beams that can be used by the base station and the UE. In FIG. 4, the arrow to the right represents the downlink direction from the base station 1000 to the UE 1004, and the arrow to the left represents the uplink direction from the UE 1004 to the base station 1000. In downlink transmission, the base station 1000 can use n _{t_DL} (n _{t_DL} is a natural number greater than or equal to 1) downlink transmit beams aligned in different directions, and the UE 1004 can use n _{r_DL} aligned in different directions (n _{r_DL} is greater than A natural number equal to 1) downlink receive beam. Similarly, in uplink transmission, the UE 1004 may also use n _{t_UL} (n _{t_UL} is a natural number greater than or equal to 1) uplink transmit beams aligned in different directions, and the base station 1000 may also use n _{r_UL aligned in different directions.} (n _{r_UL} is a natural number greater than or equal to 1) uplink receiving beam. Although it is depicted in Figure 4 that the number of uplink receive beams and downlink transmit beams 1002 of the base station 1000 and the coverage of each beam are the same, the number of uplink transmit beams and downlink receive beams 1006 of the UE 1004 and the coverage of each beam are the same. , But the actual is not limited to this.

Consider the uplink beam training of the uplink MPE

In order to determine the best transmit beam-receive beam pair used for uplink data transmission, uplink beam training may be performed between the base station 1000 and the UE 1004. Generally speaking, the uplink beam training process generally includes beam scanning (S1), beam measurement (S2), beam determination (S3), and beam indication (S4) stages. The following briefly introduces the uplink beam training process.

First, the UE 1004 scans a set of candidate transmit beams in an uplink scanning subframe, such as n _{t_UL} transmit beams 1006 illustrated in FIG. 4. These n _{t_UL} transmit beams can come from the beamforming codebook of the UE 1004. Beam scanning can utilize uplink reference signal resources, such as SRS resources. In this kind of beam scanning based on reference signals, the UE 1004 transmits to the base station 1000 through each transmit beam n _{r_UL} times the reference signal allocated for the transmit beam, thereby transmitting a total of n _{t_UL} ×n _{r_UL} reference signals.

The base station 1000 sequentially scans a group of candidate receive beams in the uplink scanning subframe, such as n _{r_UL} receive beams 1002 illustrated in FIG. 4, to receive each transmit beam 1006, thereby generating n _{t_UL} × n _{r_UL} receiving instances. The receiving instance represents all possible transmit beam-receive beam pairs formed by the candidate transmit beam of the UE 1004 and the candidate receive beam of the base station 1000. The base station 1000 _{respectively measures the reference signals received by the n t_UL} ×n _{r_UL} receiving instances, such as measuring reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), and so on.

Next, based on the result of the beam measurement, the base station 1000 determines the best receiving beam that can be used to receive uplink data from its candidate receiving beams according to a predetermined beam determination strategy. For example, the base station 1000 may determine the receiving beam used by the receiving instance with the highest L1-RSRP measurement value as the best receiving beam, and the direction of the receiving beam generally best matches the channel direction.

The base station 1000 needs to indicate the beam determination result to the UE 1004 (beam indication). For example, the identification information (for example, SRS resource indicator, SRI) of the reference signal received by the instance with the best measurement result may be received through the transmission configuration information (TCI) state. ) Is sent to the UE 1004, so that the UE 1004 can determine the transmit beam used to transmit the reference signal in the beam scanning stage as the best transmit beam.

Through the uplink beam training process described above, the base station 1000 and the UE 1004 determine the uplink transmit beam-receive beam pair that best matches the channel direction, and use them for subsequent uplink data transmission.

The first embodiment of the present disclosure is characterized by introducing MPE requirements into the beam training process before data transmission, so as to realize early detection and avoidance of MPE problems. Generally, the UE is relatively close to the user, and there is an MPE requirement (which may be referred to as an "uplink MPE requirement") for the UE transmitting beam used for uplink data transmission. The uplink beam training process according to the first embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an uplink beam training process according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the uplink beam training according to the first embodiment also includes MPE detection and restriction processing.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing beams available to the base station 1000 and the UE 1004 in a simplified form. For ease of description, it is assumed that the UE 1004 can use the transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, and Tx3 to send uplink data, and the base station 1000 can use the receive beams Rx1, Rx2, Rx3, and Rx4 to receive uplink data. It should be understood that FIG. 6 is only exemplary, and the number of beams that the base station 1000 and UE 1004 can use for uplink data transmission is not limited to this.

The UE 1004 can perform MPE detection on each of its transmit beams. This kind of MPE detection can be considered in terms of beam direction and beam power.

The beam formed by the antenna array has a larger power in the direction of its main lobe, and a smaller power in the direction of its side lobes. Therefore, if the main lobe of the beam faces the part of the human body, it may cause concerns about human health. On the contrary, if the human body is not in the propagation direction of the main lobe of the beam, the impact on human health is small.

Based on this consideration, the UE 1004 can determine the relative orientation of the UE's transmit beam with respect to the human body. The UE 1004 can use various sensing devices equipped on the user equipment to perform this detection.

In an example, the UE may be equipped with a gyroscope, an inertial navigator and other devices. The UE can use these devices to sense the attitude of the UE, and then determine which of the transmitted beams Tx1, Tx2, and Tx3 are relative to the UE’s antenna panel. Or which beams are likely to be directed at the human body.

In one example, the UE may be equipped with a camera, such as a front camera or a rear camera. The UE can use this camera to capture images of a human face or other parts to determine the relative orientation of the UE with respect to the human body. The directions of the transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, and Tx3 relative to the antenna panel of the UE are used to determine which beam or beams are likely to face the human body.

In an example, the UE may be equipped with a proximity sensor, infrared sensor, etc. The UE can use this sensor to sense the position of the human body near the UE, thereby combining the direction of the transmit beam Tx1, Tx2, and Tx3 relative to the antenna panel of the UE To determine which beam or beams are likely to be directed at the human body.

In an example, the UE can make a judgment based on the usage scenario of the UE. For example, when the UE is a mobile phone, when the user is talking with the mobile phone close to the ear, it can be judged that the beam emitted from the front of the mobile phone may be facing the head of the person. When the user browses the web with the mobile phone with one hand, it can be judged that the beam emitted by the antenna panel at the part of the mobile phone held by the hand may be directed at the human hand, and so on.

It should be understood that although the above briefly introduces several examples for determining the relative orientation of the UE's transmit beam with respect to the human body, the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the UE can use any of the several methods listed above or other possible methods. Species or combinations.

In addition to the beam direction (for example, the center direction of the main lobe of the beam), the UE also needs to detect whether the power of the transmit beam meets the MPE requirements according to the signal power requirements of the regulatory agency or standard organization. For example, the FCC specifies the maximum allowable EIRP. According to the EIRP calculation formula EIRP=P _Tx -P _loss +G _bf , the UE can calculate whether the EIRP of the transmit beam with the beam direction facing the human body meets the requirements, where P _Tx is the transmit power of the beam, and P _loss is the line loss of the antenna. G _bf is the beamforming gain of the antenna. The transmit power P _Tx may be the uplink transmit power configured by the base station for the UE through transmit power command (TPC) signaling. The UE compares the calculated EIRP of each transmit beam with the prescribed EIRP.

When the beam direction of a certain transmission beam is detected as facing the human body and its transmission power (for example, EIRP) exceeds the specified power requirement, it can be considered that the transmission beam does not meet the MPE requirement. Conversely, when the beam direction of a certain transmission beam is not directly on the human body, or when the transmission power of a certain transmission beam does not exceed the specified power requirement, it is considered that the transmission beam meets the MPE requirements.

It is assumed that after the above-mentioned MPE detection, the transmit beam Tx3 of the UE is detected as not meeting the MPE requirement, as shown by the shadow in FIG. 6. The UE will impose restrictions on the use of the transmit beam that is detected as not meeting the MPE requirements.

The limitation mentioned here means that compared with the transmission beams that are detected as complying with the MPE, the transmission beams that do not meet the requirements of the MPE are set to have a lower priority in use.

In one example, the restrictive measures include prohibition. Transmit beams that do not meet MPE requirements will be prohibited from being selected as the best transmit beams for uplink data transmission. In other words, in the example shown in Figure 6, the transmit beams that do not meet MPE requirements will be prohibited. The required beam Tx3 will not be a candidate for the best transmitting beam. For example, the UE 1004 may not transmit the beam Tx3 in the beam scanning (S1) phase, so the base station 1000 will not receive the beam signal of the beam Tx3. As an alternative, the UE 1004 may transmit the beam Tx3 with zero power in the beam scanning (S1) phase, so the base station 1000 will not receive the beam signal of the beam Tx3 either.

Therefore, the UE 1004 can only scan the beams Tx1 and Tx2 that meet the requirements of the MPE. Beam scanning can use, for example, SRS. For example, the UE 1004 uses the first SRS resource to transmit beam Tx1, and uses a different second SRS resource to transmit beam Tx2, so that on the UE side and the base station side, the beam can be identified by the SRS resource indicator (SRI) Tx1, Tx2. In order for the base station to use the receive beams Rx1, Rx2, Rx3, and Rx4 to receive, the UE 1004 can repeatedly transmit each transmit beam 4 times.

The base station 1000 scans its receiving beams Rx1, Rx2, Rx3, and Rx4, sequentially receives the SRS transmitted by the UE 1004, and generates 8 receiving instances, corresponding to 8 transmitting beam-receiving beam pairs, respectively. Subsequently, the base station 1000 may perform beam measurement (S2) on these 8 receiving instances, perform beam determination (S3) based on the beam measurement results, and perform beam instruction (S4) to indicate the result of beam determination to the UE 1004. The specific operation is as described above, and will not be repeated here.

Due to restrictions imposed on the transmit beam Tx3 that does not meet the MPE requirements, the base station 1000 determines that the best transmit beam candidates include only transmit beams Tx1 and Tx2, and the transmit beam Tx3 does not actually participate in the beam training process described above, thereby avoiding being selected Used for uplink data transmission.

In another example, the restriction measures include power restriction. The UE 1004 may perform maximum power back-off (MPR) on transmit beams that do not meet the requirements of the MPE. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 6, the UE 1004 resets its transmit power by setting the maximum transmit power of the transmit beam Tx3 back to meet the MPE requirements.

In the beam scanning (S1) stage, the UE 1004 scans the transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, and Tx3 in the uplink scanning subframe. Specifically, the UE 1004 uses the first SRS resource to transmit the beam Tx1, uses a different second SRS resource to transmit Tx2, and uses a different third SRS resource to transmit the beam Tx3. The transmit power of the beams Tx1 and Tx2 can be the base station 1000 through the TPC The power configured by the signaling, and the transmit power of the beam Tx3 is the power that the UE 1004 performs on the basis of the power configured by the base station 1000 to fall back to the power that meets the MPE requirements. In this way, the received power of the beam Tx3 measured by the base station 1000 is also reduced accordingly. This is equivalent to reducing the competitiveness of the transmit beam Tx3 compared to other transmit beams Tx1 and Tx2 that meet the MPE requirements. In order for the base station to use the receive beams Rx1, Rx2, Rx3, and Rx4 to receive, the UE 1004 can repeatedly transmit each transmit beam 4 times. Subsequently, the base station 1000 may perform beam measurement (S2) on these 12 receiving instances, perform beam determination (S3) based on the beam measurement results, and perform beam instruction (S4) to indicate the result of beam determination to the UE 1004. The specific operation is as described above, and will not be repeated here.

In this example, the UE 1004 selects the transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, and Tx3 as candidates for the best transmit beam, but the transmit beam Tx3 has been subjected to maximum power backoff. If the transmit beam Tx3 still results in a receiving instance with the best measurement result after the power backoff, the transmit beam Tx3 can also be determined as the best transmit beam for uplink data transmission, because its transmit power already meets the MPE requirements.

Consider the downlink beam training of the uplink MPE

The situation in which the transmit beam-receive beam pair used for uplink data transmission is determined through the uplink beam training process has been discussed above. However, in the case where the transmit beam and receive beam of the base station or UE have beam correspondence, it is also possible to determine the best transmit-receive beam pair for downlink data transmission through the downlink beam training process. The best transmit-receive beam pair for uplink data transmission.

In the present disclosure, beam correspondence means that since the downlink and the uplink are basically symmetrical, it can be determined based on the spatial domain transmission filter used to generate the transmission beam of the base station (or UE) for generating the base station (or UE). The spatial domain receiving filter of the receiving beam of ), or the spatial domain transmitting filter used to generate the transmitting beam of the base station (or UE) can be determined according to the spatial receiving filter used to generate the receiving beam of the base station (or UE) . The transmit beam and the receive beam with beam correspondence have completely opposite directions.

The following briefly introduces the downlink beam training process with reference to FIG. 4 again. Generally speaking, the uplink beam training process may include beam scanning (S1), beam measurement (S2), beam reporting (S3), beam determination (S4), beam indication (S5) and other stages.

First, the base station 1000 sequentially scans a group of candidate transmission beams in a downlink scanning subframe, such as n _{t_DL} transmission beams 1002 illustrated in FIG. 4. These n _{t_DL} transmit beams may come from the beamforming codebook of the base station 1000. Beam scanning can utilize various downlink reference signal resources, such as non-zero power CSI-RS (NZP-CSI-RS) resources. In addition, beam scanning can also use synchronization signal block (SSB) resources. At this time, SSB and CSI-RS play a similar role. Therefore, when reference signal resources configured for beam scanning are mentioned below, they can include CSI-RS resources and SSB resources, etc. In this kind of beam scanning based on reference signals, the base station 1000 transmits to the UE 1004 through each transmission beam _{the reference signal allocated n r_DL} times to the transmission beam, and a total of n _{t_DL} ×n _{r_DL} reference signals are transmitted. These reference signals may come from the reference signal resource set that has been configured for the UE.

The UE 1004 sequentially scans a group of candidate receive beams in the downlink scanning subframe, such as n _{r_DL} receive beams 1006 illustrated in FIG. 4, to receive the beam signal of each transmit beam 1006, thereby generating n _{t_DL} ×n _{r_DL} receiving instances . These reception examples represent all possible transmit beam-receive beam pairs formed by the candidate transmit beam of the UE 1004 and the candidate receive beam of the base station 1000. The UE 1004 _{measures the beam signals received by the n t_DL} ×n _{r_DL} receiving instances, such as measuring reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), and so on.

表示所使用的CSI-RS资源集中的CSI-RS资源的数量，

表示在SSB资源集中所配置的SSB的数量。 Next, the UE 1004 reports the beam measurement result to the base station 1000. The burden of reporting all measurement results is heavy. In order to reduce the amount of reported data, the UE 1004 can report, for example, only Nr (Nr is pre-configured by the base station 1000, generally 1≤Nr≤4) reference signal measurement results according to the configuration of the base station. . Therefore, the UE 1004 can select Nr transmit beams with the best reception quality based on the beam measurement result. Beam reporting (S3) can be implemented by sending beam reports such as CSI reports on the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). FIG. 7A shows an example of the format of the CSI report. As shown in FIG. 7A, the CSI report may include identification information (such as CRI or SSBRI) of reference signals corresponding to the transmit beams to be reported and measurement results of these transmit beams (such as RSRP or differential RSRP), where CRI, The bit widths of the SSBRI, RSRP, and differential RSRP fields are shown in Figure 7B, where

Indicates the number of CSI-RS resources in the CSI-RS resource set used,

Indicates the number of SSBs configured in the SSB resource set.

Based on the beam report from the UE 1004, the base station 1000 determines the best transmit beam to be used for downlink data transmission according to a predetermined beam determination strategy. For example, the base station 1000 may determine the transmission beam with the highest L1-RSRP measurement value from the Nr transmission beams reported by the UE 1004 as the best transmission beam, and the direction of the transmission beam generally best matches the channel direction.

The base station 1000 needs to indicate the beam determination result to the UE 1004. For example, the identification information (for example, CRI or SSBRI) of the reference signal corresponding to the determined optimal transmit beam may be sent to the UE 1004 through the transmission configuration information (TCI) state. The UE 1004 can determine the receiving beam that achieves the best reception of the reference signal in the beam scanning stage as the best receiving beam.

Through the above process, the base station 1000 and the UE 1004 select the transmit beam-receive beam pair that best matches the channel direction. After that, the base station 1000 and the UE 1004 can use the determined best transmitting beam and the best receiving beam to perform downlink data transmission.

In the case where the transmit beam and the receive beam of the UE 1004 have beam correspondence, the UE 1004 may determine the transmit beam used for uplink data transmission according to the determined optimal receive beam. Similarly, in the case where the transmit beam and the receive beam of the base station 1000 have beam correspondence, the base station 1000 may determine the receive beam used for uplink data transmission according to the determined optimal transmit beam.

The first embodiment of the present disclosure is characterized by introducing MPE requirements into the downlink beam training process before data transmission, so as to realize early detection and avoidance of MPE problems. The downlink beam training process according to the first embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing beams available to the base station 1000 and the UE 1004 in a simplified form. For ease of description, suppose that in the uplink direction, the UE 1004 can use the transmit beams Tx1', Tx2', and Tx3' to send uplink data, and the base station 1000 can use the receive beams Rx1', Rx2', Rx3', and Rx4' to receive uplink data. In addition, in the downlink direction, the base station 1000 can use the transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, and Tx4 to send downlink data, and the UE 1004 can use the receive beams Rx1, Rx2, Rx3 to receive downlink data. The downlink receiving beams Rx1, Rx2, and Rx3 of the UE 1004 respectively correspond to the uplink transmitting beams Tx1', Tx2', and Tx3'. The uplink receiving beams Rx1', Rx2', Rx3', and Rx4' of the base station 1000 respectively correspond to the downlink transmitting beams. The beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, and Tx4 have beam correspondence. It should be understood that FIG. 9 is only illustrative, and the number of beams available to the base station 1000 and the UE 1004 is not limited to this.

Fig. 8 illustrates the downlink beam training process according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, the downlink beam training process according to the first embodiment also includes MPE detection and imposing restrictions.

In response to the uplink MPE requirements, the UE 1004 can perform MPE detection on each of its uplink transmit beams Tx1', Tx2', and Tx3'. The MPE detection can be performed based on the beam direction and the transmit power of each transmit beam through the various methods described above, and the description will not be repeated here.

Assuming that after the above-mentioned MPE detection, the UE's transmit beam Tx3' is detected as not meeting the MPE requirements, as shown by the shadow in FIG. 9. The UE will impose restrictions on the use of the transmit beam that is detected as not meeting the MPE requirements.

In one example, restrictive measures include prohibition. Transmit beams that do not meet MPE requirements will be prohibited as the best transmit beams for uplink data transmission. In other words, in the example shown in Figure 10, they do not meet MPE requirements. The transmit beam Tx3' will not be a candidate for the best uplink transmit beam.

Due to the beam correspondence between the UE’s transmit beam and receive beam, the best uplink transmit beam corresponds to the best downlink receive beam for downlink data transmission determined during downlink beam training, and the determination of the two is interrelated. . This means that the same forbidden restriction is imposed on the downstream receive beam Rx3'.

As shown in Figure 8, after the above restriction processing, when the base station 1000 scans its candidate transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, Tx4 in the downlink scanning subframe, the UE 1004 can only scan its receive beams Rx1, Rx2, and then A reference signal such as CSI-RS or SSB sent by the base station 1000 is received, so that a total of 8 receiving instances are generated at the UE 1004, corresponding to 8 different transmit beam-receive beam pairs. In the beam measurement (S2) phase, the UE 1004 measures the received beam signals respectively to obtain L1-RSRP such as CSI-RS or SSB. The UE 1004 can selectively report Nr (Nr can be 1, 2, 4, etc., pre-configured by the base station) in the transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, and Tx4 based on the beam measurement results, for example, through the method shown in FIG. 7A The format of the CSI report.

Alternatively, when the base station 1000 scans its candidate transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, and Tx4 in the downlink scanning subframe, the UE 1004 may still scan its receive beams Rx1, Rx2, Rx3, and sequentially receive the CSI- sent by the base station 1000. RS or SSB, thereby generating a total of 12 receiving instances at the UE 1004, corresponding to 12 different transmit beam-receive beam pairs. In the beam measurement (S2) phase, the UE 1004 measures the received beam signals respectively. However, the difference from the above solution is that when the UE 1004 selects the transmit beam to be reported, it may not consider the measurement result of the received signal of the beam Rx3.

After receiving the beam measurement result from the UE 1004, the base station 1000 may perform beam determination (S4) and beam indication (S5), and the specific operations are as described above.

Next, when receiving an indication from the base station 1000 about the best transmit beam determined by the base station, the UE 1004 can determine that the receive beam that achieves the best reception for the best transmit beam in the beam scanning phase is used as the receiving beam for downlink data transmission. The best receiving beam. The best receiving beam is selected from the receiving beams Rx1 and Rx2, because the receiving beam Rx3 has been restricted.

In another example, the restrictive measures include adding flags. For example, the UE 1004 may mark the transmit beam Tx3' in FIG. 9 as not meeting the MPE requirements, and accordingly, may apply the same mark to the receive beam Rx3 having beam correspondence with the transmit beam Tx3'. In the beam scanning (S1) and beam measurement (S2) phases, there is no difference between the operations of the receiving beams Rx1, Rx2 and the receiving beam Rx3 of the UE 1004. When the base station 1000 scans its candidate transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, and Tx4 in the downlink scanning subframe, the UE 1004 can scan its receive beams Rx1, Rx2, Rx3, and sequentially receive the CSI-RS or SSB sent by the base station 1000, thereby A total of 12 receiving instances are generated at the UE 1004, and the UE 1004 respectively measures the received beam signals to obtain L1-RSRP such as CSI-RS or SSB. The UE 1004 may selectively report Nr (Nr may be 1, 2, 4, etc., pre-configured by the base station) in the transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, and Tx4 based on the beam measurement result.

FIG. 10 illustrates the format of the CSI report that the UE 1004 can use. Compared with the CSI report shown in FIG. 7A, the CSI report illustrated in FIG. 10 also includes an uplink MPE problem indication bit. If the measurement result of the transmitted beam (identified by the CRI or SSBRI of the corresponding reference signal) to be reported is obtained from the receiving example using the receive beam Rx3, the uplink MPE problem indication bit can be set to "1", indicating that The use of transmit beams may cause uplink MPE problems. On the contrary, if the receiving instance for which the measurement result of the transmit beam is obtained is not related to the receive beam Rx3, the corresponding uplink MPE problem indication bit can be set to "0", indicating that the use of the transmit beam will not cause uplink MPE problems. When receiving such a CSI report, the base station 1000 can take the MPE issue into consideration in the beam determination stage. This depends on the determination strategy adopted by the base station at the beam determination (S4) node. A determination strategy that is biased towards communication quality may result in the selection of the transmit beam whose uplink MPE problem indicator bit is "1", so that the UE 1004 may determine that the receive beam Rx3 is used for downlink data transmission, and further determines that the transmit beam Tx3' is used for uplink data transmission. On the contrary, a determination strategy that is biased towards avoiding the MPE problem will exclude the transmit beam with the uplink MPE problem indication bit "1", so the UE 1004 will not determine that the receive beam Rx3 and the transmit beam Tx3' are used for data transmission.

In another example, the restriction measures include power restriction. As shown in FIG. 9, UE 1004 can perform maximum power back-off on uplink transmit beam Tx3', for example, back-off to meet MPE requirements, power back-off value ΔP = P _Tx- P _MPE , where P _Tx is the base station 1000 passing TPC The signaling is the transmit power configured for the beam Tx3', and P _MPE is the maximum transmit power calculated according to the MPE requirements. After this kind of power back-off, the competitiveness of the transmitting beam Tx3' with respect to the transmitting beams Tx1' and Tx2' decreases.

Correspondingly, this restriction should also be reflected on the receive beam Rx3 of the UE 1004. Specifically, in the beam scanning (S1) stage shown in FIG. 8, the UE 1004 can scan its receiving beams Rx1, Rx2, Rx3, and sequentially receive the CSI-RS or SSB sent by the base station 1000, so that the UE 1004 can share Generate 12 receiving instances. The UE 1004 measures the received beam signals respectively to obtain L1-RSRP such as CSI-RS or SSB.

For the receiving instance using the receiving beam Rx3, the UE 1004 can modify its measurement results, for example, reducing the measurement values of all receiving instances associated with the receiving beam Rx3 by ΔP, while the measurement of the receiving instance associated with the receiving beams Rx1 and Rx2 The value does not change. This will affect the ordering between the measurement results of all receiving instances.

Subsequently, in the beam reporting (S3) stage, the UE 1004 selectively reports Nr (Nr can be 1, 2, 4, etc., pre-configured by the base station) of the transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, and Tx4.

FIG. 11 illustrates the format of the CSI report that the UE 1004 can use. Compared with the CSI report shown in FIG. 7A, if the measurement result of the transmit beam (identified by the CRI or SSBRI of the corresponding reference signal) to be reported is obtained by the receiving example using the receive beam Rx3, then the measurement result is Modified.

Next, the base station 1000 performs beam determination (S4) and beam indication (S5), and specific details will not be repeated here. If the best reception of the best transmit beam determined by the base station 1000 is achieved by the receive beam Rx3 of the UE 1004, the UE 1004 can still determine the receive beam Rx3 as the best receive beam for downlink data transmission, because it has The uplink transmit beam Tx3' of beam correspondence has passed the maximum power back-off and can meet the MPE requirements.

Consider the downlink beam training required by the downlink MPE

The beam management mechanism that takes the uplink MPE issue into consideration is discussed above. However, there may also be an MPE requirement for a base station transmitting beam used for downlink data transmission (it may be referred to as a downlink MPE requirement). The feature of the first embodiment of the present disclosure also relates to the consideration of downlink MPE requirements when determining the optimal transmit beam-receive beam pair for downlink data transmission, so as to realize early detection and avoidance of MPE problems.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing beams available to the base station 1000 and the UE 1004 in a simplified form. For ease of description, it is assumed that the base station 1000 can use the receive beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, and Tx4 to send downlink data, and the UE 1004 can use the receive beams Rx1, Rx2, Rx3 to receive downlink data. It should be understood that FIG. 13 is merely illustrative, and the number of beams available to the base station 1000 and the UE 1004 is not limited to this.

Fig. 12 shows the downlink beam training process according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12, the downlink beam training process according to the first embodiment also includes MPE detection and restriction processing.

In the beam scanning (S1) stage, the base station 1000 scans its candidate transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, Tx4 in the downlink scanning subframe, and the UE 1004 uses its candidate receive beams Rx1, Rx2, Rx3 to sequentially receive the CSI sent by the base station 1000 such as CSI -Reference signals such as RS or SSB, thereby generating a total of 12 receiving instances at the UE 1004, corresponding to 12 different transmit beam-receive beam pairs. In the beam measurement (S2) phase, the UE 1004 measures the beam signals of each receiving instance respectively to obtain L1-RSRP such as CSI-RS or SSB.

In response to the downlink MPE requirements, the UE 1004 can perform MPE detection on each of the transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, and Tx4 of the base station. Different from the MPE detection of the uplink transmission beam, the MPE detection of the downlink transmission beam can only consider the power without considering the beam direction, because the UE can receive the beam signals transmitted by the base station, which means that these beam signals can reach the human body near the UE.

The UE 1004 can detect whether the transmit beam of the base station meets the MPE requirement according to the measured received power of the beam signal. Specifically, if the measurement result (for example, L1-RSRP) of any receiving instance of a certain transmission beam of the base station 1000 exceeds the MPE requirement, the transmission beam is detected as not meeting the MPE requirement.

It is assumed that after the above-mentioned MPE detection, the transmission beam Tx4 of the base station is detected as not meeting the MPE requirement, as shown by the shadow in FIG. 13. The UE will impose restrictions on the use of the transmit beam that is detected as not meeting the MPE requirements.

In one example, the restrictive measures include prohibition. Transmit beams that do not meet MPE requirements will be prohibited from being selected as the best transmit beam for downlink data transmission. In other words, in the example shown in FIG. The required transmit beam Tx4 will not be reported to the base station 1000 by the UE 1004, and thus will not be a candidate for the best downlink transmit beam.

In another example, the restrictive measures include adding flags. For example, in the case where the UE 1004 wants to report the transmit beam Tx4, the transmit beam Tx4 may be marked as not meeting the MPE requirements in the beam report. FIG. 14 illustrates the format of the CSI report that the UE 1004 can use. Compared with the CSI report shown in FIG. 7A, the CSI report illustrated in FIG. 14 further includes a downlink MPE problem indication bit. If the transmitted beam to be reported (identified by the CRI or SSBRI of the corresponding reference signal) is detected as not meeting the MPE requirements, its downlink MPE problem indicator bit can be set to "1", indicating that the use of the transmitted beam may cause downlink MPE problem. On the contrary, if the transmission beam is detected as meeting the MPE requirements, the corresponding downlink MPE problem indication bit can be set to "0", indicating that the use of the transmission beam will not cause downlink MPE problems. When receiving such a CSI report, depending on the beam determination strategy adopted by the base station, the base station 1000 can weigh whether to select a transmission beam with a downlink MPE problem. A determination strategy that is biased towards communication quality may result in the determination of the transmit beam Tx4 as the best transmit beam for downlink data transmission. On the contrary, a deterministic strategy that is biased towards avoiding the MPE problem will avoid determining the transmit beam Tx4 as the best transmit beam for downlink data transmission.

In another example, the restriction measures include power restriction. For example, if the measurement results of one or more receiving instances associated with the transmit beam Tx4 exceed the MPE requirements, the UE 1004 can modify the measurement results of the one or more receiving instances, for example, to meet the MPE requirements, and the power backoff The value ΔP = P _Rx- P _MPE , where P _Rx is the measured value of the received power of the beam signal of the transmit beam Tx4 at the UE 1004, and P _MPE is the power calculated according to the MPE requirements. Therefore, there is an assumption: if the base station 1000 will The transmit power of the transmit beam Tx4 is reduced by ΔP, and accordingly, the received power of the transmit beam Tx4 to the UE 1004 is also reduced by about ΔP, thereby meeting the requirements of the downlink MPE. This power limitation actually reduces the competitiveness of the transmit beam Tx4 relative to the transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, and Tx3, and affects the ordering of the measurement results of the receiving examples. Based on the modified measurement result, the UE 1004 selectively reports Nr (Nr can be 1, 2, 4, etc., pre-configured by the base station) in the transmit beams Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, and Tx4.

FIG. 15 illustrates the format of the CSI report that the UE 1004 can use. Compared with the CSI report shown in FIG. 7A, if the transmit beam Tx4 (identified by the CRI or SSBRI of the corresponding reference signal) is to be reported, the measurement result of the transmit beam Tx4 included in the CSI report is modified, and the other The measurement results of the transmitted beam have not been modified. For the transmit beam Tx4, the CSI report also includes the power backoff value ΔP recommended by the UE.

When receiving such a CSI report, the base station 1000 determines the best transmission beam for downlink data transmission from the Nr transmission beams reported by the UE 1004 according to a predetermined beam determination strategy. If the base station 1000 determines the transmit beam Tx4 as the best transmit beam, the base station 1000 may reconfigure the transmit power of the transmit beam Tx4 according to the power back-off value suggested in the CSI inclusion.

Subsequently, the base station 1000 may indicate the result of the beam determination to the UE 1004, so that the UE 1004 can determine the receiving beam that achieves the best reception for the best transmission beam of the base station 1000 in the beam scanning (S1) phase as the best receiving beam for downlink data transmission. Best receiving beam.

Next, an electronic device and a communication method to which the first embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied will be described.

FIG. 16A is a block diagram illustrating the electronic device 100 according to the first embodiment. The electronic device 100 may be a UE or a component of the UE.

As shown in FIG. 16A, the electronic device 100 includes a processing circuit 101. The processing circuit 101 at least includes an MPE detection unit 102 and a candidate beam selection unit 103. The processing circuit 101 may be configured to execute the communication method shown in FIG. 16B. The processing circuit 101 may refer to various implementations of a digital circuit system, an analog circuit system, or a mixed signal (combination of analog signal and digital signal) circuit system that performs functions in a UE (for example, the above-mentioned UE 1004).

The MPE detection unit 102 of the processing circuit 101 is configured to detect whether each transmission beam meets the MPE requirements for a group of transmission beams that can be used for data transmission between the UE and the base station, that is, perform step S101 in FIG. 16B. For uplink MPE requirements, the MPE detection unit 102 may perform detection on a group of transmit beams of the UE. For example, the MPE detection unit 102 can detect whether the beam direction of each transmission beam is aimed at the human body, and whether the transmission power of each transmission beam exceeds the transmission power required by the MPE. For downlink MPE requirements, the MPE detection unit 102 may perform detection on a group of transmit beams of the base station. For example, the MPE detecting unit 102 may detect whether the received power of the beam signal of each transmit beam received by the UE exceeds the power required by the MPE.

The candidate beam selection unit 103 is configured to impose restrictions on the transmission beams detected by the MPE detection unit 102 as not meeting the MPE requirements, so as to select at least one candidate beam from the set of transmission beams described above, that is, perform step S102 in FIG. 16B . The at least one candidate beam selected by the candidate beam selection unit 103 serves as a candidate from which the best transmission beam to be used for data transmission is determined according to the associated beam measurement result.

For example, the candidate beam selection unit 103 can avoid selecting a transmission beam that does not meet the requirements of the MPE as a candidate beam. For example, the candidate beam selection unit 103 may set the transmit power of the transmit beam that does not meet the MPE requirements to zero power, or back off the transmit power of the transmit beam that does not meet the MPE requirements to meet the MPE requirements. For example, the candidate beam selection unit 103 may add a flag indicating whether the corresponding transmission beam meets the requirements of the MPE. For example, in the case where the above-mentioned set of transmit beams are UE transmit beams that can be used for uplink data transmission, the candidate beam selection unit 103 may modify the beams received by the UE receive beams that have beam correspondence with the UE transmit beams that do not meet the MPE requirements. The measured value of the signal, or the modification of the measured value of the beam signal detected as a transmission beam that does not meet the requirements of the MPE in the case that the above-mentioned set of transmit beams are UE transmit beams that can be used for downlink data transmission, and wherein the reporting includes reporting to The base station reports the modified measurement value.

The electronic device 100 may also include a communication unit 105. The communication unit 105 may be configured to communicate with a base station (for example, the base station 1000 described above) under the control of the processing circuit 101. In an example, the communication unit 105 may be implemented as a transmitter or transceiver, including communication components such as an antenna array and/or a radio frequency link. The communication unit 105 is drawn with a dashed line because it can also be located outside the electronic device 100. The communication unit 105 may transmit a set of candidate transmit beams to the base station, or may transmit beam measurement results, etc., to the base station.

The electronic device 100 may also include a memory 106. The memory 106 can store various data and instructions, such as programs and data used for the operation of the electronic device 100, various data generated by the processing circuit 101, various control signaling or service data sent or received by the communication unit 105, and the like. The memory 106 is drawn with a dashed line because it can also be located inside the processing circuit 101 or outside the electronic device 100.

FIG. 17A is a block diagram illustrating the electronic device 200 according to the first embodiment. The electronic device 200 may be a base station device or located in a base station device.

As shown in FIG. 17A, the electronic device 200 includes a processing circuit 201. The processing circuit 201 includes at least a beam determining unit 202 and a beam indicating unit 203. The processing circuit 201 may be configured to execute the communication method shown in FIG. 17B. The processing circuit 201 may refer to various implementations of a digital circuit system, an analog circuit system, or a mixed signal (combination of analog signal and digital signal) circuit system that performs functions in a base station device (for example, the base station 1000 described above).

The beam determination unit 202 may be configured to determine the best beam for data transmission between the base station and the user equipment based on the beam measurement results and restrictions associated with the at least one candidate beam, that is, perform step S201 in FIG. 17B. The restriction is imposed by the UE on beams that are detected as not meeting the requirements of the MPE by detecting whether each beam in a group of beams that can be used for the data transmission meets the MPE.

In an example, the UE may impose restrictions on a group of UE transmission beams that do not meet MPE requirements, such as disabling, marking, or power restriction, select at least one candidate beam from the group of UE transmission beams, and send it to the base station. By transmitting these candidate beams or beam measurement results associated with these candidate beams, the base station can determine the best UE transmission beam for uplink data transmission or the best base station transmission beam for downlink data transmission according to the beam measurement results. In another example, the UE may impose restrictions on a group of base station transmission beams that do not meet MPE requirements, such as disabling, marking, or power restriction, select at least one candidate beam from the group of UE transmission beams, and send it to The base station transmits beam measurement results associated with these candidate beams, so the base station can determine the best base station transmit beam for downlink data transmission according to the beam measurement results.

The beam indicating unit 203 may be configured to indicate to the UE the result of the beam determination performed by the beam determining unit 202, that is, to perform step S202 in FIG. 17B. The beam instruction unit 203 may perform beam instruction by sending an indicator of a reference signal corresponding to the determined beam to the UE.

The electronic device 200 may further include a communication unit 205. The communication unit 205 may be configured to communicate with the UE under the control of the processing circuit 201. In an example, the communication unit 205 may be implemented as a transmitter or transceiver, including communication components such as an antenna array and/or a radio frequency link. The communication unit 205 is drawn with a dashed line because it can also be located outside the electronic device 200.

The electronic device 200 may also include a memory 206. The memory 206 may store various data and instructions, programs and data for the operation of the electronic device 200, various data generated by the processing circuit 201, data to be transmitted by the communication unit 205, and the like. The memory 206 is drawn with a dashed line because it can also be located inside the processing circuit 201 or outside the electronic device 200.

[Second embodiment]

The first embodiment above discussed the early perception and avoidance of MPE problems in the beam training process between the base station and the UE. However, in some occasions, the MPE requirements may not be taken into consideration during the beam training, resulting in the determined beams not meeting the MPE requirements. Therefore, there is a need for improved beam management mechanisms.

The second embodiment of the present disclosure provides a dynamic beam adjustment method, in order to avoid violating MPE requirements without affecting the transmission rate and communication quality. The second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail below.

Beam adjustment required for uplink MPE

FIG. 18 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a beam adjustment process according to the second embodiment.

First, in S11, the base station may schedule the use of the first transmit beam of the UE for uplink data transmission. For example, the base station may indicate to the UE to use the first transmit beam according to the result of beam training.

In S12, the UE may detect whether the first transmit beam meets the requirements of the uplink MPE before performing uplink data transmission. For example, the UE may use the MPE detection method described in the first embodiment above to detect from both the beam direction and the transmission power of the first transmission beam. If the first transmit beam is detected as meeting the MPE requirements, the UE can use the first transmit beam to send uplink data on the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) resource allocated to it. In S17, the base station receives and decodes the data sent by the UE.

If the first transmit beam is detected as not meeting the MPE requirements, the UE determines to use a second transmit beam that is different from the first transmit beam. The second transmission beam may be a beam used in history, or the second transmission beam may be a beam whose link quality is second only to the first transmission beam in a previous beam training process. In addition, the second transmit beam meets the requirements of the uplink MPE.

In S14, the UE may send the identification information of the second transmission beam to the base station, for example, the indicator of the reference signal of the second transmission beam, so as to notify the base station that the UE is ready to enable the second transmission beam to send data, so that the base station can use the second transmission beam instead. The second transmit beam realizes the best received receive beam for uplink transmission.

Optionally, the UE may directly use the second transmit beam to send data on the allocated PUSCH resources. At this time, the base station still uses the receiving beam originally used to receive the first transmitting beam for reception. The base station can decode the received signal, and if it can successfully decode the data, it sends an ACK to the UE. In this case, the UE does not need to notify the base station that the second transmit beam has been activated. However, the reception beam used to receive the first transmission beam is likely to be unable to receive the second transmission beam with high quality, so the base station may not be able to decode the data and send a NACK to the UE. In response to receiving the NACK, the UE notifies the base station that the new transmission beam will be activated by sending the identification information of the second transmission beam to the base station.

In S15, after receiving the identification information of the second transmit beam, the base station may schedule the UE to use the second transmit beam for uplink data transmission. In addition, the base station may determine, for example, the receiving beam that achieves the best reception of the second transmitting beam in the beam training process for uplink reception.

In S16, in response to receiving the scheduling from the base station, the UE uses the second transmit beam to send data instead.

It should be pointed out that the beam adjustment should be completed before the PUSCH transmission time scheduled by the base station for the UE, otherwise the UE will not have time to inform the base station of the new transmit beam used, resulting in the base station not using the correct receive beam for reception.

Various examples of the beam adjustment process according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure are described in detail below.

Fig. 19 illustrates Example 1 of the beam adjustment process according to the second embodiment. Example 1 is applicable to PUSCH scheduled by a base station, that is, PUSCH based on authorization. In the scenario of the PUSCH scheduled by the base station, each PUSCH transmission of the UE requires the base station to schedule time-frequency resources.

As shown in FIG. 19, when the UE has data to send to the base station, but there is no PUSCH resource for sending data, the UE can send a scheduling request (SR) to the base station through the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). The base station that receives the SR can allocate a small amount of PUSCH resources for the UE, and only the UE can send a Buffer Status Report (BSR). The UE can use the allocated PUSCH resources to send a BSR to the base station. The BSR indicates how much data in the uplink buffer of the UE needs to be uploaded to the base station. After receiving the BSR from the UE, the base station allocates a certain amount of PUSCH resources to the UE according to a predetermined resource scheduling scheme. The UE uses the transmit beam (the first uplink transmit beam) previously indicated by the base station to send uplink data on the time-frequency resources allocated to it. The base station receives and decodes the data sent by the UE, and if the data can be decoded correctly, it sends an ACK to the UE; otherwise, it sends a NACK to the UE.

When the UE detects that the first uplink transmit beam currently used does not meet the MPE requirements, according to the prior art, the UE can reduce the duty cycle of the uplink symbol, but this will reduce the uplink transmission rate, or the UE can reduce the uplink transmit power, but This will affect the communication quality.

However, according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, the UE can give up using the current first uplink transmit beam. The UE may select a transmission beam with a link quality second only to the first uplink transmission beam (the second uplink transmission beam) based on the performance of other available transmission beams in the beam training performed previously. The UE may send the identification information of the second uplink transmission beam to the base station through the PUCCH, such as the SRI corresponding to the second uplink transmission beam. Thus, the base station will know that the UE has adjusted its transmit beam, and will use the receive beam that achieves the best reception for the second uplink transmit beam to receive the PUSCH sent by the UE.

Subsequently, on the time-frequency resources scheduled by the base station for the UE, the UE sends uplink data to the base station through the PUSCH.

Example 2 of the beam adjustment method according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 20A-20B and FIG. 21. Example 2 is also applicable to the PUSCH scenario scheduled by the base station.

The base station dynamically indicates the uplink transmission beam used for PUSCH transmission by placing the SRI corresponding to the transmission beam in the DCI. Figure 20A illustrates a conventional SRI indication scheme. As shown in FIG. 20A, in the case of traditional codebook-based transmission, the DCI contains a 1-bit SRI to indicate one of the two SRS resources in the SRS resource set configured for the UE, and the PUSCH transmit beam Is the transmission beam of the indicated SRS resource. In the case of traditional non-codebook-based transmission, the DCI contains a 2-bit SRI to indicate one of the four SRS resources in the SRS resource set allocated to the UE, and the PUSCH transmit beam is the indicated SRS The transmit beam of the resource.

According to Example 2 of the present disclosure, the scheme of dynamically indicating the transmission beam based on SRI is still applicable, but the difference from the traditional indication scheme is that the base station can configure more than one SRS resource set for the UE in advance through RRC signaling for the UE Pick. FIG. 20B shows the SRI indication scheme according to this example. As shown in Figure 20B, the RRC signaling of the base station configures four SRS resource sets for the UE. The MAC control element (CE) of the UE selects one SRS resource set from the four SRS resource sets, and then the base station places the set of SRS resources in the DCI. The SRI selects one SRS resource from the resource set selected by the MAC CE.

The beam adjustment method according to this example will be described with reference to FIG. 21. As shown in 21, when the UE detects that the current transmit beam indicated for it does not meet the uplink MPE requirements, the UE can select an SRS resource set from multiple SRS resource sets configured by the base station, and each SRS resource in the SRS resource set corresponds to All transmit beams can meet the requirements of the uplink MPE. The UE indicates the selected SRS resource set to the base station through the MAC CE. At this time, the PUSCH used to transmit the MAC CE can still use the current transmit beam. The base station sends ACK or NACK for this PUSCH transmission. ACK indicates that the base station already knows to activate the new SRS resource set. NACK indicates that the transmission fails, and the UE can initiate a retransmission or find another opportunity, depending on the strategy adopted by the UE.

When the UE has data that needs to be uploaded to the base station, the UE can request the base station to schedule the PUSCH for sending data for it by sequentially sending SR and BSR. In response to the UE's request, the base station can schedule time-frequency resources for PUSCH transmission for the UE, and place the reselected SRI in the DCI so that the UE can activate a new uplink transmission beam to send data.

It should be pointed out that in Figure 21, because it is a semi-static beam adjustment based on MAC CE, the UE needs to find the MPE problem as early as possible, so that there is enough time to adjust the MAC CE level and avoid RRC reconfiguration. The extra cost that comes.

Example 3 of the beam adjustment method according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 22. Example 3 is applicable to Type 1 configuration authorization PUSCH (CG-PUSCH). In this CG-PUSCH scenario, the base station pre-configures time-frequency resources for PUSCH transmission for the UE through RRC signaling, so that the UE does not need to request before each transmission.

As shown in Figure 22, at a certain moment, when the UE detects that the uplink transmit beam pre-configured by the base station does not meet the MPE requirements, the UE can select a new transmit beam that meets the MPE requirements from the available transmit beams, and pass PUCCH Or the physical random access channel (PRACH) sends the selected new transmission beam identification information, such as SRI, to the base station.

Later, if the UE has data that needs to be uploaded to the base station, the UE can use the new transmit beam to perform PUSCH transmission on the time-frequency resources pre-configured by the base station.

FIG. 23 shows Example 4 of the beam adjustment method according to the second embodiment. Example 4 is applicable to Type 2 CG-PUSCH. The difference between Example 4 and Example 3 is that after the UE sends the identification information of the selected new transmission beam to the base station through PUCCH or PRACH, the base station sends DCI to the UE to confirm the activation of the new transmission beam. The rest of the operation is similar to Example 3, and the description will not be repeated here.

As mentioned above, the UE can adjust the beam by sending the PUCCH containing the identification information of the newly selected transmit beam to the base station. However, whether the UE sends the PUCCH may depend on the UE's MPE detection of the first transmit beam, or the base station may add a dynamic trigger to the PUCCH in the downlink control information (DCI), that is, the PUCCH triggered by the DCI. However, regardless of the type of PUCCH, the transmission time of the PUCCH containing the identification information of the transmitted beam after the handover should be earlier than the transmission time of the PUSCH (for example, the time resource allocated for the PUSCH).

Beam adjustment required for downlink MPE

The second embodiment of the present disclosure also relates to the adjustment of the downlink transmit beam of the base station.

In downlink transmission, the base station determines each downlink channel (downlink transmit beam) and transmit power. As shown in Figure 24, only the UE has the opportunity to detect whether the downlink signal meets the MPE requirements at the user of the UE. Therefore, the UE may need to trigger a mechanism for adjusting the downlink transmit beam.

In an example, the UE may perform MPE detection on the beam signal from the base station, for example, to measure whether the received power of the beam signal of the base station transmit beam exceeds the MPE requirement. If the transmit beam of the base station does not meet the requirements of the MPE, the base station sends a power back-off suggestion for the transmit beam.

For example, the UE sends stepped power backoff suggestions, for example, each recommendation represents a 3dB power backoff. If the UE still detects the downlink MPE problem after a certain period of time, the UE can send a power backoff suggestion again until it meets the MPE requirement.

For another example, the UE may calculate the recommended power backoff value ΔP=P _Rx -P _MPE of the base station transmitting beam, where P _Rx is the measured value of the received power of the base station transmitting beam at the UE 1004, and P _MPE is the power calculated according to the requirements of the MPE, Therefore, there is an assumption that if the base station reduces the transmit power of the transmit beam by ΔP, the received power reached by the transmit beam is also reduced by approximately ΔP, thereby meeting the requirements of the downlink MPE. The UE sends this recommended power backoff value to the base station for the base station to adjust the transmit power of its transmit beam.

In another example, the UE can trigger the base station to switch the downlink transmit beam. FIG. 25 shows an example of downlink transmission beam adjustment according to this example. As shown in FIG. 25, the base station schedules a PDSCH for downlink data transmission for the UE, and the PDSCH transmission uses the first downlink transmit beam. The UE can detect whether the beam is required for downlink MPE based on the received power of the first downlink transmit beam. When it is detected that the first downlink transmit beam does not meet the MPE requirements, the UE can select another base station to transmit the beam (the second downlink transmit beam) based on the beam measurement results obtained in the previously performed downlink beam training, and send it to the base station through PUCCH. The base station sends the identification information of the second downlink transmit beam, such as CRI or SSBRI. Therefore, the base station can change to use the second downlink transmit beam for data transmission in the next downlink data transmission according to the UE's suggestion.

Next, an electronic device and a communication method to which the second embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied will be described.

FIG. 26A is a block diagram illustrating the electronic device 300 according to the first embodiment. The electronic device 300 may be a UE or a component of the UE.

As shown in FIG. 26A, the electronic device 300 includes a processing circuit 301. The processing circuit 301 at least includes an MPE detection unit 302, a determination unit 303, and a sending unit 304. The processing circuit 301 may be configured to execute the communication method shown in FIG. 26B. The processing circuit 301 may refer to various implementations of a digital circuit system, an analog circuit system, or a mixed signal (combination of analog signal and digital signal) circuit system that performs functions in a UE (for example, the above-mentioned UE 1004).

The MPE detection unit 302 of the processing circuit 301 is configured to detect whether the transmission beam meets the MPE requirement for the first transmission beam used for data transmission between the UE and the base station, that is, perform step S301 in FIG. 26B. In the case that the first transmission beam is an uplink transmission beam indicated for the UE, the MPE detection unit 302 may detect whether the transmission beam meets the requirements of the uplink MPE. In the case that the first transmission beam is a downlink transmission beam of the base station, the MPE detection unit 302 can detect whether the transmission beam meets the requirements of the downlink MPE.

The selecting unit 203 is configured to, in response to detecting that the first transmit beam does not meet the MPE requirements, select to use the second transmit beam for data transmission, where the second transmit beam is detected to meet the MPE requirements, that is, step S302 in FIG. 26B is executed. .

The sending unit 304 is configured to send the identification information of the second transmit beam to the base station, that is, perform step S303 in FIG. 26B. In the case that the second transmission beam is an uplink transmission beam, the sending unit 304 may send an SRI identifying the second transmission beam to the base station through PUCCH, or may indicate an SRS resource set including SRS resources of the second transmission beam through MAC CE. In the case that the first transmission beam is a downlink transmission beam, the sending unit 304 may send the CRI or SSBRI identifying the second transmission beam to the base station through the PUCCH.

The electronic device 300 may further include a communication unit 305. The communication unit 305 may be configured to communicate with a base station (for example, the base station 1000 described above) under the control of the processing circuit 301. In an example, the communication unit 305 may be implemented as a transmitter or transceiver, including communication components such as an antenna array and/or a radio frequency link. The communication unit 305 is drawn with a dashed line because it can also be located outside the electronic device 300.

The electronic device 300 may also include a memory 306. The memory 306 may store various data and instructions, such as programs and data used for the operation of the electronic device 300, various data generated by the processing circuit 301, various control signaling or service data sent or received by the communication unit 305, and so on. The memory 306 is drawn with a dashed line because it can also be located inside the processing circuit 301 or outside the electronic device 300.

FIG. 27A is a block diagram illustrating the electronic device 400 according to the first embodiment. The electronic device 400 may be a base station device or located in a base station device.

As shown in FIG. 27A, the electronic device 400 includes a processing circuit 401. The processing circuit 401 includes at least a scheduling unit 402 and a receiving unit 403. The processing circuit 401 may be configured to execute the communication method shown in FIG. 27B. The processing circuit 401 may refer to various implementations of a digital circuit system, an analog circuit system, or a mixed signal (combination of analog signal and digital signal) circuit system that performs functions in a base station device (for example, the base station 1000 described above).

The scheduling unit 402 may be configured to schedule the use of the first transmit beam for data transmission between the UE and the base station, that is, perform step S401 in FIG. 27B.

The receiving unit 403 may be configured to receive the identification information of the second transmit beam from the UE, that is, perform step S402 in FIG. 27B. The identification information of the second transmit beam may be received on the PUCCH, and includes the SRI that identifies the uplink transmit beam or the CRI or SSBRI that identifies the downlink transmit beam. The identification information of the second transmit beam may also be received through MAC CE, and includes identification information of the SRS resource set corresponding to a group of transmit beams.

In response to the receiving unit 403 receiving the identification information of the second transmission beam, the scheduling unit 402 may be configured to schedule the use of the second transmission beam for data transmission, that is, perform step S403 in FIG. 27B. Therefore, it is possible to avoid using the first transmit beam detected by the UE as not meeting the MPE requirement, and instead use the second transmit beam detected by the UE as meeting the MPE requirement.

The electronic device 400 may further include a communication unit 405. The communication unit 405 may be configured to communicate with the UE under the control of the processing circuit 401. In an example, the communication unit 405 may be implemented as a transmitter or transceiver, including communication components such as an antenna array and/or a radio frequency link. The communication unit 405 is drawn with a dashed line because it can also be located outside the electronic device 400.

The electronic device 400 may also include a memory 406. The memory 406 may store various data and instructions, programs and data for the operation of the electronic device 400, various data generated by the processing circuit 401, data to be transmitted by the communication unit 405, and the like. The memory 406 is drawn with a dashed line because it can also be located in the processing circuit 401 or located outside the electronic device 400.

The various aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above, but it should be noted that, in order to describe the structure, arrangement, type, number, etc., ports, reference signals, communication devices, communication methods, etc. of the antenna array shown above None of these are intended to limit the aspects of the present disclosure to these specific examples.

It should be understood that the units of the electronic devices 100, 200, 300, and 4000 described in the foregoing embodiments are only logical modules divided according to the specific functions implemented by them, and are not used to limit specific implementation manners. In actual implementation, each of the above-mentioned units may be implemented as an independent physical entity, or may also be implemented by a single entity (for example, a processor (CPU or DSP, etc.), an integrated circuit, etc.).

It should be understood that the processing circuits 101, 201, 301, and 401 described in the above embodiments may include, for example, circuits such as integrated circuits (IC), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), parts or circuits of individual processor cores, and the entire Processor cores, individual processors, programmable hardware devices such as field programmable arrays (FPGAs), and/or systems that include multiple processors. The memories 106, 206, 306, and 406 may be volatile memories and/or non-volatile memories. For example, the memories 106, 206, 306, and 406 may include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read only memory (ROM), and flash memory.

[Exemplary Implementation of the Present Disclosure]

According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, various implementation manners for realizing the concept of the present disclosure can be conceived, including but not limited to:

1) An electronic device on the user equipment (UE) side, comprising a processing circuit, the processing circuit is configured to detect whether each transmitted beam conforms to a set of transmit beams that can be used for data transmission between the UE and a base station Maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirements; by imposing restrictions on the transmission beams that are detected as not meeting the MPE requirements, at least one candidate beam is selected from the set of transmission beams, wherein the at least one candidate beam is associated with From the beam measurement result, the candidate of the best transmission beam to be used for the data transmission is determined.

2) The electronic device according to 1), wherein the set of transmit beams is a set of UE transmit beams that can be used for uplink data transmission, and wherein the detection includes: based on the beam direction and transmit power of each transmit beam , To detect whether the transmitting beam meets the requirements of MPE.

3) The electronic device according to 1), wherein the set of transmit beams is a set of base station transmit beams that can be used for downlink data transmission, and wherein the detection includes: based on the UE's beam signal for each transmit beam The measurement result is to detect whether the transmitting beam meets the MPE requirements.

4) The electronic device according to 2), wherein the processing circuit is further configured to transmit the at least one candidate beam to the base station according to the corresponding transmit power, so that the base station can according to the beam signal for each candidate beam Based on the measurement results, determine the best transmit beam that will be used for uplink data transmission.

5) The electronic device according to 2), wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: use a set of UE receiving beams that have beam correspondence with the set of transmit beams to receive and measure the beam signal from the base station ; Report the measurement result to the base station.

6) The electronic device according to 3), wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: use a set of UE receive beams to receive and measure the set of transmit beams from the base station; and report the measurement to the base station. result.

7) The electronic device according to 4), wherein the imposing restriction includes avoiding the selection of a transmission beam that is detected as not meeting the requirements of the MPE as a candidate beam.

8) The electronic device according to 4), wherein the imposing restriction includes setting the transmission power of the transmission beam detected as not meeting the requirements of the MPE to zero power.

9) The electronic device according to 4), wherein the imposing restriction includes returning the transmission power of the transmission beam detected as not meeting the MPE requirement to meet the MPE requirement.

10) The electronic device according to 5) or 6), wherein the imposing restriction includes adding a mark indicating whether the corresponding transmission beam meets MPE requirements, and wherein the reporting further includes sending the mark to the base station.

11). The electronic device according to 5), wherein the imposing restriction includes avoiding the transmission beams detected as not meeting the requirements of the MPE from being selected as candidate beams, and wherein the reporting further includes only reporting the reason and the at least A measurement result of a beam signal received by a UE with a beam correspondence of a candidate beam.

12). The electronic device according to 6), wherein the imposing restriction includes avoiding the selection of the transmission beams detected as not meeting the requirements of the MPE as candidate beams, and wherein the reporting further includes reporting only the at least one candidate The measurement result of the beam signal of the beam.

13) The electronic device according to 5), wherein the imposing restriction includes modifying the measured value of the beam signal received by the UE receiving beam having beam correspondence with the transmitting beam that is detected as not meeting the MPE requirements to make it return Fall back to meet the MPE requirements, and wherein the reporting includes reporting the modified measurement value to the base station.

14). The electronic device according to 6), wherein the imposing restriction includes modifying the measured value of the beam signal of the transmission beam detected as not meeting the MPE requirements to make it fall back to meeting the MPE requirements, and wherein the reporting Including reporting the modified measurement value and the recommended backoff value to the base station.

15). The electronic device according to 2), wherein the base station determines the best transmit beam from the at least one candidate beam according to the associated beam measurement results, and wherein the processing circuit is further configured to slave the base station Receiving the identification information of the best transmit beam.

16). The electronic device according to 15), wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: determine the optimal transmit beam based on the identification information of the optimal transmit beam and the measurement result of the beam signal of the optimal transmit beam. The best transmit beam is the best receive beam to achieve the best reception.

17). An electronic device on the base station side, comprising a processing circuit configured to determine the optimum for data transmission between the base station and the user equipment based on beam measurement results and restrictions associated with at least one candidate beam The best beam, where the restriction is that the user equipment (UE) detects whether each beam in a set of beams that can be used for the data transmission meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) to the beam that is detected as not meeting the MPE requirements Applied; and indicating the result of the determination to the user equipment.

18). The electronic device according to 17), wherein the set of beams is a set of UE transmit beams that can be used for uplink data transmission, and wherein the detection includes: based on the beam direction and transmit power of each UE transmit beam , To detect whether the UE transmitting beam meets the MPE requirements.

19). The electronic device according to 17), wherein the set of beams is a set of UE receiving beams that can be used for uplink data transmission, and wherein the detecting includes: based on a beam corresponding to each UE receiving beam The beam direction and transmit power of the UE's transmit beam, and detect whether the UE's receive beam and the UE's transmit beam meet the MPE requirements.

20). The electronic device according to 17), wherein the set of beams is a set of base station transmit beams that can be used for downlink data transmission, and wherein the detection includes: based on the received power of each transmit beam at the UE, Check whether the transmitting beam meets MPE requirements.

21) The electronic device according to 19) or 20), wherein the processing circuit is further configured to receive information about beam measurement results and restrictions associated with at least one candidate beam from the user equipment.

22). An electronic device on the user equipment side, comprising a processing circuit configured to detect whether the first transmission beam used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement; After detecting that the first transmit beam does not meet the MPE requirements, select to use the second transmit beam for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, where the second transmit beam is detected as meeting the MPE requirements; and send the base station Identification information of the second transmit beam.

23). The electronic device according to 22), wherein the first transmission beam and the second transmission beam are UE transmission beams that can be used for uplink data transmission, and wherein the processing circuit is configured to be based on the first transmission The beam direction and transmit power of the beam and the second transmit beam are used to detect whether they meet the MPE requirements.

24). The electronic device according to 22), wherein the first transmission beam and the second transmission beam have different beam directions.

25) The electronic device according to 22), wherein the processing circuit is further configured to send the identification information of the second transmit beam to the base station through a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

26). The electronic device according to 25), wherein the processing circuit is further configured to receive from the base station downlink control information confirming that the second transmit beam will be used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station ( DCI).

27). The electronic device according to 21), wherein the second transmit beam includes a set of UE transmit beams, and wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: control element (MAC) through a medium access control (MAC) CE) sending the identification information of the group of UE transmission beams to the base station, and receiving confirmation from the base station to use the selected beam of the group of UE transmission beams for downlink control of data transmission between the user equipment and the base station Information (DCI).

28) The electronic device according to 22, wherein the first transmit beam and the second transmit beam are base station transmit beams that can be used for downlink data transmission, and wherein the processing circuit is configured to be based on the first transmit beam and The received power of the second transmit beam is used to detect whether they meet the MPE requirements.

29). The electronic device according to 28), wherein the second transmit beam has the same beam direction as the first transmit beam, and wherein the processing circuit is further configured to transmit to the base station the power of the second transmit beam compared to It is recommended to back off the power of the first transmit beam.

30). The electronic device according to 22), wherein the processing circuit is configured to send a second transmission beam to the base station before the second transmission beam is used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station The identification information.

31). An electronic device on the base station side, comprising a processing circuit configured to: schedule the use of a first transmit beam for data transmission between a user equipment and a base station; and receive a second transmit beam from the user equipment Identification information; scheduling the use of the second transmission beam for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, wherein the first transmission beam is detected by the user equipment as not meeting the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement, and the second transmission beam It is detected by the user equipment as meeting the MPE requirements.

32) The electronic device according to 31), wherein the processing circuit is further configured to receive the identification information of the second transmission beam through a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

33). The electronic device according to 32), wherein the processing circuit is further configured to send a confirmation to the user equipment to use the second transmit beam for downlink control of data transmission between the user equipment and the base station Information (DCI).

34). The electronic device according to 31), wherein the second transmit beam includes a set of UE transmit beams, and wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: receive from the user equipment including the set of UE transmit beams. The medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) of the identification information of the UE transmitting beam; selecting the beam used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station from the set of UE transmitting beams; The device transmits downlink control information (DCI) including identification information of the selected beam.

35). A communication method, including: for a set of transmit beams that can be used for data transmission between the UE and a base station, detecting whether each transmit beam meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement; The transmission beam required by the MPE imposes restrictions, and at least one candidate beam is selected from the set of transmission beams, wherein the at least one candidate beam is determined from the associated beam measurement results to be used for the data transmission. The best candidate for transmitting beam.

36). A communication method, comprising: determining an optimal beam for data transmission between a base station and a user equipment based on a beam measurement result and a restriction associated with at least one candidate beam, wherein the restriction is determined by the user equipment (UE) by detecting whether each beam in a group of beams that can be used for the data transmission meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) and applying to the beam detected as not meeting the MPE requirements; and instructing the user equipment Describe the determined result.

37). A communication method, comprising: detecting whether a first transmission beam used for data transmission between a user equipment and a base station meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement; in response to detecting that the first transmission beam does not meet the MPE requirement, Selecting to use the second transmission beam for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, where the second transmission beam is detected as meeting MPE requirements; and sending identification information of the second transmission beam to the base station.

38). A communication method, comprising: scheduling the use of a first transmission beam for data transmission between a user equipment and a base station; receiving identification information of a second transmission beam from the user equipment; scheduling the use of the second transmission beam for For data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, the first transmission beam is detected by the user equipment as not meeting the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement, and the second transmission beam is detected by the user equipment as meeting the MPE requirement.

39). A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing executable instructions that, when executed, implement the communication method according to any one of 35) to 38).

[Application examples of the present disclosure]

The technology described in this disclosure can be applied to various products.

For example, the electronic device 200 or 400 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented as or installed in various base stations, and the electronic device 100 or 300 may be implemented as or installed in various user equipments.

The communication method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by various base stations or user equipment; the methods and operations according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be embodied as computer-executable instructions, stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and It can be executed by various base stations or user equipment to realize one or more of the above-mentioned functions.

The technology according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be made into various computer program products, and used in various base stations or user equipment to implement one or more of the above-mentioned functions.

The base station mentioned in the present disclosure can be implemented as any type of base station, preferably, such as macro gNB and ng-eNB defined in the 5G NR standard of 3GPP. The gNB may be a gNB covering a cell smaller than a macro cell, such as pico gNB, micro gNB, and home (femto) gNB. Instead, the base station may be implemented as any other type of base station, such as NodeB, eNodeB, and base transceiver station (BTS). The base station may also include: a main body configured to control wireless communication, and one or more remote wireless headends (RRH), wireless relay stations, drone towers, control nodes in automated factories, etc., arranged in different places from the main body.

The user equipment may be implemented as a mobile terminal (such as a smart phone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a notebook PC, a portable game terminal, a portable/dongle type mobile router, and a digital camera) or a vehicle-mounted terminal (such as a car navigation device). The user equipment can also be implemented as a terminal (also referred to as a machine type communication (MTC) terminal) that performs machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, drones, sensors and actuators in automated factories, and so on. In addition, the user equipment may be a wireless communication module (such as an integrated circuit module including a single chip) installed on each of the aforementioned terminals.

The following briefly introduces examples of base stations and user equipment to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.

It should be understood that the term "base station" used in this disclosure has the full breadth of its usual meaning, and includes at least a wireless communication station used as a wireless communication system or a part of a radio system to facilitate communication. Examples of base stations may be, for example, but not limited to the following: one or both of a base transceiver station (BTS) and a base station controller (BSC) in a GSM communication system; a radio network controller (RNC) in a 3G communication system One or both of and NodeB; eNB in 4G LTE and LTE-A systems; gNB and ng-eNB in 5G communication systems. In D2D, M2M, and V2V communication scenarios, a logical entity having a communication control function may also be referred to as a base station. In the cognitive radio communication scenario, a logical entity that plays a role of spectrum coordination can also be called a base station. In an automated factory, a logical entity that provides network control functions can be called a base station.

The first application example of the base station

FIG. 28 is a block diagram showing a first example of a schematic configuration of a base station to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied. In Figure 28, the base station can be implemented as gNB 1400. The gNB 1400 includes multiple antennas 1410 and base station equipment 1420. The base station device 1420 and each antenna 1410 may be connected to each other via an RF cable. In an implementation manner, the gNB 1400 (or base station device 1420) herein may correspond to the base station device 200 or the base station device 400 described above.

The antenna 1410 includes multiple antenna elements, such as one or more antenna arrays shown in FIG. 3A. The antenna 1410 may be arranged in an antenna array matrix, for example, and used for the base station device 1420 to transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, multiple antennas 1410 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by gNB 1400.

The base station device 1420 includes a controller 1421, a memory 1422, a network interface 1423, and a wireless communication interface 1425.

The controller 1421 may be, for example, a CPU or a DSP, and operates various functions of a higher layer of the base station device 1420. For example, the controller 1421 may include the processing circuit 201 or 401 described above, execute the communication method described in FIG. 17B or 27B, or control various components of the base station equipment 200, 400. For example, the controller 1421 generates a data packet based on data in the signal processed by the wireless communication interface 1425, and transmits the generated packet via the network interface 1423. The controller 1421 may bundle data from multiple baseband processors to generate a bundled packet, and transfer the generated bundled packet. The controller 1421 may have a logical function for performing control such as radio resource control, radio bearer control, mobility management, admission control, and scheduling. This control can be performed in conjunction with nearby gNB or core network nodes. The memory 1422 includes RAM and ROM, and stores programs executed by the controller 1421 and various types of control data (such as a terminal list, transmission power data, and scheduling data).

The network interface 1423 is a communication interface for connecting the base station device 1420 to a core network 1424 (for example, a 5G core network). The controller 1421 may communicate with the core network node or another gNB via the network interface 1423. In this case, the gNB 1400 and the core network node or other gNB can be connected to each other through a logical interface (such as an NG interface and an Xn interface). The network interface 1423 may also be a wired communication interface or a wireless communication interface for a wireless backhaul line. If the network interface 1423 is a wireless communication interface, the network interface 1423 can use a higher frequency band for wireless communication than the frequency band used by the wireless communication interface 1425.

The wireless communication interface 1425 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as 5G NR), and provides a wireless connection to a terminal located in a cell of the gNB 1400 via the antenna 1410. The wireless communication interface 1425 may generally include, for example, a baseband (BB) processor 1426 and an RF circuit 1427. The BB processor 1426 can perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and perform various types of signals of various layers (such as physical layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, SDAP layer) deal with. Instead of the controller 1421, the BB processor 1426 may have a part or all of the above-mentioned logical functions. The BB processor 1426 may be a memory storing a communication control program, or a module including a processor and related circuits configured to execute the program. The update program can change the function of the BB processor 1426. The module may be a card or a blade inserted into the slot of the base station device 1420. Alternatively, the module can also be a chip mounted on a card or blade. Meanwhile, the RF circuit 1427 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmit and receive wireless signals via the antenna 1410. Although FIG. 28 shows an example in which one RF circuit 1427 is connected to one antenna 1410, the present disclosure is not limited to this illustration, but one RF circuit 1427 can connect multiple antennas 1410 at the same time.

As shown in FIG. 28, the wireless communication interface 1425 may include a plurality of BB processors 1426. For example, multiple BB processors 1426 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by gNB 1400. As shown in FIG. 28, the wireless communication interface 1425 may include a plurality of RF circuits 1427. For example, multiple RF circuits 1427 may be compatible with multiple antenna elements. Although FIG. 28 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 1425 includes a plurality of BB processors 1426 and a plurality of RF circuits 1427, the wireless communication interface 1425 may also include a single BB processor 1426 or a single RF circuit 1427.

In the gNB 1400 shown in FIG. 28, the processing circuit 201 described with reference to FIG. 17A or one or more units (for example, the receiving unit 403) included in the processing circuit 401 described with reference to FIG. 27A may be implemented in the wireless communication interface 825. in. Alternatively, at least a part of these components may be implemented in the controller 821. For example, the gNB 1400 includes a part (for example, the BB processor 1426) or the whole of the wireless communication interface 1425, and/or a module including the controller 1421, and one or more components may be implemented in the module. In this case, the module may store a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components (in other words, a program for allowing the processor to perform operations of one or more components), and may execute the program. As another example, a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components may be installed in the gNB 1400, and the wireless communication interface 1425 (for example, the BB processor 1426) and/or the controller 1421 may execute this program. As described above, as a device including one or more components, gNB 1400, base station equipment 1420, or modules may be provided, and a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components may be provided. In addition, a readable medium in which the program is recorded may be provided.

The second application example of the base station

FIG. 29 is a block diagram showing a second example of a schematic configuration of a base station to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied. In Figure 29, the base station is shown as gNB 1530. The gNB 1530 includes multiple antennas 1540, base station equipment 1550, and RRH 1560. The RRH 1560 and each antenna 1540 may be connected to each other via an RF cable. The base station device 1550 and the RRH 1560 may be connected to each other via a high-speed line such as an optical fiber cable. In an implementation manner, the gNB 1530 (or base station device 1550) herein may correspond to the base station device 200 or the base station device 400 described above.

The antenna 1540 includes multiple antenna elements, such as one or more antenna arrays shown in FIG. 3A. The antenna 1540 may be arranged in an antenna array matrix, for example, and used for the base station device 1550 to transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, multiple antennas 1540 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by gNB 1530.

The base station equipment 1550 includes a controller 1551, a memory 1552, a network interface 1553, a wireless communication interface 1555, and a connection interface 1557. The controller 1551, the memory 1552, and the network interface 1553 are the same as the controller 1421, the memory 1422, and the network interface 1423 described with reference to FIG. 28.

The wireless communication interface 1555 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as 5G NR), and provides wireless communication to a terminal located in a sector corresponding to the RRH 1560 via the RRH 1560 and the antenna 1540. The wireless communication interface 1555 may generally include, for example, a BB processor 1556. The BB processor 1556 is the same as the BB processor 1426 described with reference to FIG. 28 except that the BB processor 1556 is connected to the RF circuit 1564 of the RRH 1560 via the connection interface 1557. As shown in FIG. 29, the wireless communication interface 1555 may include a plurality of BB processors 1556. For example, multiple BB processors 1556 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by gNB 1530. Although FIG. 29 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 1555 includes a plurality of BB processors 1556, the wireless communication interface 1555 may also include a single BB processor 1556.

The connection interface 1557 is an interface for connecting the base station device 1550 (wireless communication interface 1555) to the RRH 1560. The connection interface 1557 may also be a communication module used to connect the base station device 1550 (wireless communication interface 1555) to the communication in the above-mentioned high-speed line of the RRH 1560.

The RRH 1560 includes a connection interface 1561 and a wireless communication interface 1563.

The connection interface 1561 is an interface for connecting the RRH 1560 (wireless communication interface 1563) to the base station device 1550. The connection interface 1561 may also be a communication module used for communication in the above-mentioned high-speed line.

The wireless communication interface 1563 transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 1540. The wireless communication interface 1563 may generally include, for example, an RF circuit 1564. The RF circuit 1564 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmit and receive wireless signals via the antenna 1540. Although FIG. 29 shows an example in which one RF circuit 1564 is connected to one antenna 1540, the present disclosure is not limited to this illustration, but one RF circuit 1564 can connect multiple antennas 1540 at the same time.

As shown in FIG. 29, the wireless communication interface 1563 may include a plurality of RF circuits 1564. For example, multiple RF circuits 1564 may support multiple antenna elements. Although FIG. 29 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 1563 includes a plurality of RF circuits 1564, the wireless communication interface 1563 may also include a single RF circuit 1564.

In the gNB 1500 shown in FIG. 29, the processing circuit 201 described with reference to FIG. 17A or one or more units (for example, the receiving unit 403) included in the processing circuit 401 described with reference to FIG. 27A may be implemented in the wireless communication interface 1525. in. Alternatively, at least a part of these components may be implemented in the controller 1521. For example, the gNB 1500 includes a part (for example, the BB processor 1526) or the whole of the wireless communication interface 1525, and/or a module including the controller 1521, and one or more components may be implemented in the module. In this case, the module can store a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components (in other words, a program for allowing the processor to perform the operation of one or more components), and can execute the program. As another example, a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components may be installed in the gNB 1500, and the wireless communication interface 1525 (for example, the BB processor 1526) and/or the controller 1521 may execute this program. As described above, as an apparatus including one or more components, gNB 1500, base station equipment 1520, or modules may be provided, and a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components may be provided. In addition, a readable medium in which the program is recorded may be provided.

The first application example of user equipment

FIG. 30 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a smart phone 1600 to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied. In one example, the smart phone 1600 may be implemented as the electronic device 100 or 300 described in this disclosure.

The smart phone 1600 includes a processor 1601, a memory 1602, a storage device 1603, an external connection interface 1604, a camera device 1606, a sensor 1607, a microphone 1608, an input device 1609, a display device 1610, a speaker 1611, a wireless communication interface 1612, one or more An antenna switch 1615, one or more antennas 1616, a bus 1617, a battery 1618, and an auxiliary controller 1619.

The processor 1601 may be, for example, a CPU or a system on a chip (SoC), and controls the functions of the application layer and other layers of the smart phone 1600. The processor 1601 may include or serve as the processing circuit 101 described with reference to FIG. 16A or the processing circuit 301 described with reference to FIG. 26A. The memory 1602 includes RAM and ROM, and stores data and programs executed by the processor 1601 to implement the communication method described with reference to FIG. 16B or 26B. The storage device 1603 may include a storage medium such as a semiconductor memory and a hard disk. The external connection interface 1604 is an interface for connecting an external device such as a memory card and a universal serial bus (USB) device to the smart phone 1600.

The imaging device 1606 includes an image sensor such as a charge coupled device (CCD) and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), and generates a captured image. The sensor 1607 may include a group of sensors, such as a measurement sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, and an acceleration sensor. The microphone 1608 converts the sound input to the smart phone 1600 into an audio signal. The input device 1609 includes, for example, a touch sensor, a keypad, a keyboard, a button, or a switch configured to detect a touch on the screen of the display device 1610, and receives an operation or information input from the user. The display device 1610 includes a screen such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, and displays an output image of the smartphone 1600. The speaker 1611 converts the audio signal output from the smart phone 1600 into sound.

The wireless communication interface 1612 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as 4G LTE or 5G NR, etc.), and performs wireless communication. The wireless communication interface 1612 may generally include, for example, a BB processor 1613 and an RF circuit 1614. The BB processor 1613 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and perform various types of signal processing for wireless communication. Meanwhile, the RF circuit 1614 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmit and receive wireless signals via the antenna 1616. The wireless communication interface 1612 may be a chip module on which the BB processor 1613 and the RF circuit 1614 are integrated. As shown in FIG. 30, the wireless communication interface 1612 may include a plurality of BB processors 1613 and a plurality of RF circuits 1614. Although FIG. 30 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 1612 includes a plurality of BB processors 1613 and a plurality of RF circuits 1614, the wireless communication interface 1612 may also include a single BB processor 1613 or a single RF circuit 1614.

In addition, in addition to the cellular communication scheme, the wireless communication interface 1612 may support another type of wireless communication scheme, such as a short-range wireless communication scheme, a near field communication scheme, and a wireless local area network (LAN) scheme. In this case, the wireless communication interface 1612 may include a BB processor 1613 and an RF circuit 1614 for each wireless communication scheme.

Each of the antenna switches 1615 switches the connection destination of the antenna 1616 among a plurality of circuits included in the wireless communication interface 1612 (for example, circuits for different wireless communication schemes).

The antenna 1616 includes multiple antenna elements, such as one or more antenna arrays shown in FIG. 3A. The antenna 1616 may be arranged in an antenna array matrix, for example, and used for the wireless communication interface 1612 to transmit and receive wireless signals. The smart phone 1600 may include one or more antenna panels (not shown).

In addition, the smart phone 1600 may include an antenna 1616 for each wireless communication scheme. In this case, the antenna switch 1615 may be omitted from the configuration of the smart phone 1600.

The bus 1617 connects the processor 1601, the memory 1602, the storage device 1603, the external connection interface 1604, the camera device 1606, the sensor 1607, the microphone 1608, the input device 1609, the display device 1610, the speaker 1611, the wireless communication interface 1612, and the auxiliary controller 1619 to each other. connection. The battery 1618 supplies power to each block of the smart phone 1600 shown in FIG. 30 via a feeder line, and the feeder line is partially shown as a dashed line in the figure. The auxiliary controller 1619 operates the minimum necessary functions of the smartphone 1600 in the sleep mode, for example.

In the smart phone 1600 shown in FIG. 30, one or more components included in the processing circuit may be implemented in the wireless communication interface 1612, such as the transmitting unit 304 of the processing circuit 301 described with reference to FIG. 26A. Alternatively, at least a part of these components may be implemented in the processor 1601 or the auxiliary controller 1619. As an example, the smart phone 1600 includes a part (for example, the BB processor 1613) or the whole of the wireless communication interface 1612, and/or a module including the processor 1601 and/or the auxiliary controller 1619, and one or more components may be Implemented in this module. In this case, the module can store a program that allows the processing to function as one or more components (in other words, a program for allowing the processor to perform the operation of one or more components), and can execute the program. As another example, a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components may be installed in the smart phone 1600, and the wireless communication interface 1612 (for example, the BB processor 1613), the processor 1601, and/or the auxiliary The controller 1619 can execute this program. As described above, as a device including one or more components, a smart phone 1600 or a module may be provided, and a program for allowing a processor to function as one or more components may be provided. In addition, a readable medium in which the program is recorded may be provided.

Second application example of user equipment

FIG. 31 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a car navigation device 1720 to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied. The car navigation device 1720 may be implemented as the electronic device 100 described with reference to FIG. 16A or the electronic device 300 described with reference to FIG. 26A. The car navigation device 1720 includes a processor 1721, a memory 1722, a global positioning system (GPS) module 1724, a sensor 1725, a data interface 1726, a content player 1727, a storage medium interface 1728, an input device 1729, a display device 1730, a speaker 1731, a wireless A communication interface 1733, one or more antenna switches 1736, one or more antennas 1737, and a battery 1738. In one example, the car navigation device 1720 may be implemented as the UE described in this disclosure.

The processor 1721 may be, for example, a CPU or SoC, and controls the navigation function of the car navigation device 1720 and other functions. The memory 1722 includes RAM and ROM, and stores data and programs executed by the processor 1721.

The GPS module 1724 uses GPS signals received from GPS satellites to measure the position of the car navigation device 1720 (such as latitude, longitude, and altitude). The sensor 1725 may include a group of sensors, such as a gyroscope sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, and an air pressure sensor. The data interface 1726 is connected to, for example, an in-vehicle network 1741 via a terminal not shown, and acquires data (such as vehicle speed data) generated by the vehicle.

The content player 1727 reproduces content stored in a storage medium (such as CD and DVD), which is inserted into the storage medium interface 1728. The input device 1729 includes, for example, a touch sensor, a button, or a switch configured to detect a touch on the screen of the display device 1730, and receives an operation or information input from the user. The display device 1730 includes a screen such as an LCD or OLED display, and displays an image of a navigation function or reproduced content. The speaker 1731 outputs the sound of the navigation function or the reproduced content.

The wireless communication interface 1733 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as 4G LTE or 5G NR), and performs wireless communication. The wireless communication interface 1733 may generally include, for example, a BB processor 1734 and an RF circuit 1735. The BB processor 1734 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and perform various types of signal processing for wireless communication. Meanwhile, the RF circuit 1735 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmit and receive wireless signals via the antenna 1737. The wireless communication interface 1733 may also be a chip module on which the BB processor 1734 and the RF circuit 1735 are integrated. As shown in FIG. 31, the wireless communication interface 1733 may include a plurality of BB processors 1734 and a plurality of RF circuits 1735. Although FIG. 31 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 1733 includes a plurality of BB processors 1734 and a plurality of RF circuits 1735, the wireless communication interface 1733 may also include a single BB processor 1734 or a single RF circuit 1735.

In addition, in addition to the cellular communication scheme, the wireless communication interface 1733 may support another type of wireless communication scheme, such as a short-range wireless communication scheme, a near field communication scheme, and a wireless LAN scheme. In this case, the wireless communication interface 1733 may include a BB processor 1734 and an RF circuit 1735 for each wireless communication scheme.

Each of the antenna switches 1736 switches the connection destination of the antenna 1737 among a plurality of circuits included in the wireless communication interface 1733, such as circuits for different wireless communication schemes.

The antenna 1737 includes multiple antenna elements, such as one or more antenna arrays described in FIG. 3A. The antenna 1737 may be arranged in an antenna array matrix, for example, and used for the wireless communication interface 1733 to transmit and receive wireless signals.

In addition, the car navigation device 1720 may include an antenna 1737 for each wireless communication scheme. In this case, the antenna switch 1736 may be omitted from the configuration of the car navigation device 1720.

The battery 1738 supplies power to each block of the car navigation device 1720 shown in FIG. 31 via a feeder line, and the feeder line is partially shown as a dashed line in the figure. The battery 1738 accumulates electric power supplied from the vehicle.

In the car navigation device 1720 shown in FIG. 31, one or more components included in the processing circuit may be implemented in the wireless communication interface 1733, such as the sending unit 304 of the processing circuit 301 described with reference to FIG. 26A. Alternatively, at least a part of these components may be implemented in the processor 1721. As an example, the car navigation device 1720 includes a part (for example, the BB processor 1734) or the whole of the wireless communication interface 1733, and/or a module including the processor 1721, and one or more components may be implemented in the module. In this case, the module may store a program that allows processing to function as one or more components (in other words, a program for allowing the processor to perform operations of one or more components), and may execute the program. As another example, a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components may be installed in the car navigation device 1720, and the wireless communication interface 1733 (for example, the BB processor 1734) and/or the processor 1721 may Execute the procedure. As described above, as a device including one or more components, a car navigation device 1720 or a module may be provided, and a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components may be provided. In addition, a readable medium in which the program is recorded may be provided.

The technology of the present disclosure may also be implemented as an in-vehicle system (or vehicle) 1740 including one or more blocks of a car navigation device 1720, an in-vehicle network 1741, and a vehicle module 1742. The vehicle module 1742 generates vehicle data (such as vehicle speed, engine speed, and failure information), and outputs the generated data to the in-vehicle network 1741.

The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is of course not limited to the above examples. Those skilled in the art can get various changes and modifications within the scope of the appended claims, and it should be understood that these changes and modifications will naturally fall within the technical scope of the present disclosure.

For example, a plurality of functions included in one unit in the above embodiments may be realized by separate devices. Alternatively, the multiple functions implemented by multiple units in the above embodiments may be implemented by separate devices, respectively. In addition, one of the above functions can be implemented by multiple units. Needless to say, such a configuration is included in the technical scope of the present disclosure.

In this specification, the steps described in the flowchart include not only processing performed in time series in the described order, but also processing performed in parallel or individually rather than necessarily in time series. In addition, even in the steps processed in time series, needless to say, the order can be changed appropriately.

Although the present disclosure and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. Moreover, the terms "include", "include", or any other variations thereof in the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also Including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to the process, method, article, or equipment. If there are no more restrictions, the element defined by the sentence "including a..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or equipment that includes the element.

Claims (39)

An electronic device on the user equipment (UE) side, including: The processing circuit is configured as: For a set of transmit beams that can be used for data transmission between the UE and the base station, detect whether each transmit beam meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement; Selecting at least one candidate beam from the set of transmission beams by imposing restrictions on the transmission beams that are detected as not meeting the requirements of the MPE, Wherein, the at least one candidate beam serves as a candidate for determining the best transmission beam to be used for the data transmission from the associated beam measurement result. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the set of transmit beams is a set of UE transmit beams that can be used for uplink data transmission, and wherein the detection includes: detecting based on the beam direction and transmit power of each transmit beam Whether the transmit beam meets MPE requirements. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the set of transmit beams is a set of base station transmit beams that can be used for downlink data transmission, and wherein the detection includes: based on the measurement result of the beam signal of each transmit beam by the UE , To detect whether the transmitting beam meets the requirements of MPE. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: According to the corresponding transmission power, the at least one candidate beam is transmitted to the base station, so that the base station can determine the best transmission beam to be used for uplink data transmission according to the measurement result of the beam signal of each candidate beam. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: Receiving and measuring the beam signal from the base station by using a set of UE receiving beams having beam correspondence with the set of transmitting beams; Report the measurement result to the base station. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: Using a set of UE receiving beams to receive and measure the set of transmit beams from the base station; Report the measurement result to the base station. The electronic device of claim 4, wherein the imposing restriction includes avoiding selection of a transmission beam that is detected as not meeting MPE requirements as candidate beams. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein the imposing restriction includes setting the transmission power of the transmission beam detected as not meeting the MPE requirement to zero power. 5. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein the imposing restriction includes returning the transmission power of the transmission beam detected as not meeting the MPE requirement to meet the MPE requirement. The electronic device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the imposing restriction includes adding a flag indicating whether the corresponding transmission beam meets the MPE requirement, and wherein the reporting further includes sending the flag to the base station. The electronic device according to claim 5, wherein the imposing restriction includes avoiding the transmission beams detected as not meeting the requirements of the MPE from being selected as candidate beams, and wherein the reporting further includes only reporting the cause and the at least one candidate beam. The measurement result of the beam signal received by the beam received by the UE with beam correspondence. The electronic device according to claim 6, wherein the imposing restriction includes avoiding the transmission beams detected as not meeting the requirements of the MPE from being selected as candidate beams, and wherein the reporting further includes reporting only the at least one candidate beam The measurement result of the beam signal. The electronic device according to claim 5, wherein the imposing restriction includes modifying the measurement value of the beam signal received by the UE receiving beam having beam correspondence with the transmitting beam that is detected as not meeting the MPE requirements so as to fall back to Meets MPE requirements, and wherein the reporting includes reporting the modified measurement value to the base station. The electronic device according to claim 6, wherein the imposing restriction includes modifying the measured value of the beam signal of the transmission beam detected as not meeting the MPE requirements to make it fall back to meeting the MPE requirements, and wherein the reporting includes reporting to The base station reports the modified measurement value and the recommended backoff value. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the best transmission beam is determined by the base station from the at least one candidate beam according to the associated beam measurement results, and wherein the processing circuit is further configured to receive all the beams from the base station. The identification information of the best transmit beam. The electronic device according to claim 15, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: Based on the identification information of the optimal transmit beam and the measurement result of the beam signal of the optimal transmit beam, the optimal receive beam that achieves the optimal reception of the optimal transmit beam is determined. An electronic device on the base station side, including: The processing circuit is configured as: Determine the best beam for data transmission between the base station and the user equipment based on the beam measurement results and restrictions associated with at least one candidate beam, wherein the restrictions are detected by the user equipment (UE) and can be used for the data Whether each beam in the transmitted set of beams meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) and is applied to the beams that are detected as not meeting the MPE requirements; and Indicating the result of the determination to the user equipment. The electronic device according to claim 17, wherein the set of beams is a set of UE transmit beams that can be used for uplink data transmission, and wherein the detection comprises: detecting based on the beam direction and transmit power of each UE transmit beam Whether the UE transmit beam meets MPE requirements. The electronic device according to claim 17, wherein the set of beams is a set of UE receiving beams that can be used for uplink data transmission, and wherein the detecting comprises: transmitting based on a UE having a beam correspondence with each UE receiving beam The beam direction and transmit power of the beam are used to detect whether the UE receiving beam and the UE transmitting beam meet the MPE requirements. The electronic device according to claim 17, wherein the set of beams is a set of base station transmit beams that can be used for downlink data transmission, and wherein the detection comprises: detecting the received power of each transmit beam at the UE based on the Whether the transmitting beam meets MPE requirements. The electronic device according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: Information about beam measurement results and restrictions associated with at least one candidate beam is received from the user equipment. An electronic device on the user equipment (UE) side, including: The processing circuit is configured as: Detect whether the first transmit beam used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement; In response to detecting that the first transmit beam does not meet the MPE requirements, select to use the second transmit beam for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, wherein the second transmit beam is detected as meeting the MPE requirements; and Sending the identification information of the second transmit beam to the base station. The electronic device according to claim 22, wherein the first transmission beam and the second transmission beam are UE transmission beams that can be used for uplink data transmission, and wherein the processing circuit is configured to be based on the first transmission beam and the The beam direction and transmit power of the second transmit beam are used to detect whether they meet the MPE requirements. The electronic device according to claim 22, wherein the first transmission beam and the second transmission beam have different beam directions. The electronic device of claim 22, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to send the identification information of the second transmit beam to the base station through a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). The electronic device of claim 25, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to receive from the base station downlink control information (DCI) confirming that the second transmit beam will be used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station . The electronic device according to claim 21, wherein the second transmission beam comprises a group of UE transmission beams, and Wherein, the processing circuit is further configured to: Sending the identification information of the group of UE transmission beams to the base station through a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE), and Receive from the base station downlink control information (DCI) confirming that the selected beam of the group of UE transmit beams is used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station. The electronic device according to claim 22, wherein the first transmission beam and the second transmission beam are base station transmission beams that can be used for downlink data transmission, Wherein, the processing circuit is configured to detect whether the first transmit beam and the second transmit beam meet the MPE requirements based on their received power. The electronic device according to claim 28, wherein the second transmission beam has the same beam direction as the first transmission beam, Wherein, the processing circuit is further configured to send a backoff suggestion of the power of the second transmit beam compared to the power of the first transmit beam to the base station. The electronic device of claim 22, wherein the processing circuit is configured to send an identifier of the second transmission beam to the base station before the second transmission beam is used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station information. An electronic device on the base station side, including: The processing circuit is configured as: Scheduling to use the first transmit beam for data transmission between the user equipment (UE) and the base station; Receiving the identification information of the second transmit beam from the user equipment; The second transmit beam is scheduled to be used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, wherein the first transmit beam is detected by the user equipment as not meeting the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement, and the second transmit beam is detected by the user equipment. The user equipment is detected as meeting the MPE requirements. The electronic device according to claim 31, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to receive the identification information of the second transmit beam through a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). The electronic device according to claim 32, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to send to the user equipment downlink control information confirming the use of the second transmit beam for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station ( DCI). The electronic device according to claim 31, wherein the second transmission beam comprises a group of UE transmission beams, and Wherein, the processing circuit is further configured to: Receiving, from the user equipment, a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) including identification information of the group of UE transmit beams; Selecting a beam used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station from the set of UE transmission beams; Sending downlink control information (DCI) including identification information of the selected beam to the user equipment. A communication method including: For a set of transmit beams that can be used for data transmission between the UE and the base station, detect whether each transmit beam meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement; Selecting at least one candidate beam from the set of transmission beams by imposing restrictions on the transmission beams that are detected as not meeting the requirements of the MPE, Wherein, the at least one candidate beam serves as a candidate for determining the best transmission beam to be used for the data transmission from the associated beam measurement result. A communication method including: Determine the best beam for data transmission between the base station and the user equipment based on the beam measurement results and restrictions associated with at least one candidate beam, wherein the restrictions are detected by the user equipment (UE) and can be used for the data Whether each beam in the transmitted set of beams meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) and is applied to the beams that are detected as not meeting the MPE requirements; and Indicating the result of the determination to the user equipment. A communication method including: Detect whether the first transmit beam used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station meets the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement; In response to detecting that the first transmit beam does not meet the MPE requirements, select to use the second transmit beam for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, wherein the second transmit beam is detected as meeting the MPE requirements; and Sending the identification information of the second transmit beam to the base station. A communication method including: Scheduling to use the first transmit beam for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station; Receiving the identification information of the second transmit beam from the user equipment; The second transmit beam is scheduled to be used for data transmission between the user equipment and the base station, wherein the first transmit beam is detected by the user equipment as not meeting the maximum allowable exposure (MPE) requirement, and the second transmit beam is detected by the user equipment. The user equipment is detected as meeting the MPE requirements. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing executable instructions that, when executed, implement the communication method according to any one of claims 35-38.

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