WO2021029051A1 - プラント設備の製造方法 - Google Patents
プラント設備の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021029051A1 WO2021029051A1 PCT/JP2019/031988 JP2019031988W WO2021029051A1 WO 2021029051 A1 WO2021029051 A1 WO 2021029051A1 JP 2019031988 W JP2019031988 W JP 2019031988W WO 2021029051 A1 WO2021029051 A1 WO 2021029051A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- module
- modules
- piping
- manufacturing
- plant equipment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0259—Modularity and arrangement of parts of the liquefaction unit and in particular of the cold box, e.g. pre-fabrication, assembling and erection, dimensions, horizontal layout "plot"
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B1/34869—Elements for special technical purposes, e.g. with a sanitary equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H5/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial or agricultural purposes
- E04H5/02—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial purposes, e.g. for power-plants or factories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0296—Removal of the heat of compression, e.g. within an inter- or afterstage-cooler against an ambient heat sink
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G5/00—Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas
- C10G5/06—Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas by cooling or compressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/42—Modularity, pre-fabrication of modules, assembling and erection, horizontal layout, i.e. plot plan, and vertical arrangement of parts of the cryogenic unit, e.g. of the cold box
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/60—Details about pipelines, i.e. network, for feed or product distribution
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for manufacturing plant equipment equipped with piping.
- Plants that process fluid include natural gas plants that liquefy natural gas, separate and recover natural gas liquid, petroleum refining plants that distill and desulfurize crude oil and various intermediate products, petroleum chemical products and intermediate chemicals.
- These plants have a structure in which a large number of equipment groups such as static equipment such as a tower tank and a heat exchanger and dynamic equipment such as a pump are arranged.
- a large number of pipes for exchanging fluids between the devices are connected between these devices. In the plant, these pipes are supported by a frame structure composed of a combination of steel frame materials and the like.
- Patent Document 1 describes a technique for constructing an LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) manufacturing facility by dividing it into a plurality of modules and transporting the LNG manufacturing facility to a place (installation site) where the LNG manufacturing facility is installed.
- LNG Liquified Natural Gas
- Patent Document 1 does not describe any problems that may occur when the module construction site and the installation site are far apart.
- the present invention has been made against such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for reducing work at an installation site in manufacturing plant equipment.
- the method for manufacturing plant equipment of the present invention is the method for manufacturing plant equipment provided in a plant that processes a fluid and provided with piping through which the fluid flows.
- a module having a frame structure that supports a plurality of piping members constituting the pipe, and being laterally connected to each other via a connecting surface formed on a side surface of the frame structure to form the plant equipment.
- At least one of the steps of adjusting the installation position of the module or the step of adjusting the position of the end portion of the piping member supported by the frame structure in the direction of canceling the expansion and contraction amounts of the plurality of piping members is performed.
- the process of installing each module The step of manufacturing the plant equipment by connecting the ends of the plurality of piping members facing each other of the plurality of modules arranged so as to be adjacent to each other to form the piping. It is a feature.
- the manufacturing method of the plant equipment may have the following features.
- the step of adjusting the position of the end portion of the piping member in (a) shall be carried out for the piping member on the module side previously installed at the installation site.
- the step of manufacturing each module includes a step of manufacturing the plant equipment at the manufacturing site and then cutting the plant equipment and dividing it into a plurality of modules.
- the present invention when a plurality of modules manufactured in a manufacturing site different from the installation site of the plant equipment are transported to the installation site and piping members are connected to each other to form the plant equipment, the above-mentioned modules before the start of transportation of the modules are described.
- the amount of expansion and contraction of the piping member due to the temperature difference between the temperature of the manufacturing site and the temperature of the installation site after the module is transported is calculated in advance.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a plant constructed by using the method for manufacturing plant equipment according to the present embodiment.
- the plant shown in FIG. 1 is, for example, an LNG plant that performs a process of producing liquefied natural gas (LNG) from a fluid natural gas, and is a large number of devices 2 that perform pre-liquefaction treatment and liquefaction of natural gas after pretreatment. It has a group.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- a pipe rack 3 for supporting the pipe 5 through which these fluids flow is provided.
- the pipe rack 3 and the equipment 2 group correspond to plant equipment.
- the manufacturing method of the plant equipment of this example is applied to the pipe rack 3 which is a plant equipment will be described.
- the pipe rack 3 is provided with a frame structure for supporting a large number of pipes 5, and a large number of air-cooled heat exchangers (ACHE: Air Cooled Heat Exchanger) 300 are arranged on the upper surface thereof.
- ACHE Air Cooled Heat Exchanger
- the pipe rack 3 is formed in an elongated planar shape, and the length in the long side direction reaches, for example, about 400 m.
- the pipe rack 3 having the above configuration may be constructed (manufactured) at a manufacturing site different from the installation site for the purpose of reducing manufacturing costs. In this case, the completed pipe rack 3 is transported to the site of the plant and installed. However, as described above, the pipe rack 3 is a huge structure as long as about 400 m and is transported as it is. That is difficult.
- the pipe rack 3 is cut in the long side direction and divided into four modules 31 to 34 for transportation.
- the pipe 5 supported by the frame structure is cut along the long side direction.
- the pipe 5 after cutting is referred to as a “piping member 50”.
- the pipe rack 3 is manufactured at the installation site by connecting the pipe members 50 of the transported modules 31 to 34 to each other and forming the pipe 5 again.
- the frame structure constituting the pipe rack 3 has a plurality of layers, and a large number of pipes 5 are arranged in each layer so as to extend in the long side direction of the pipe rack 3.
- FIGS. 3, 7 to 13, etc. schematically show a state in which one pipe 5 (piping member 50) is supported in each layer, but in reality, 600 pipe racks 3 as a whole are actually shown.
- the front and rear pipes 5 are supported.
- the piping member 50 is formed on the side surface of the frame structure of each module 31 to 34 after cutting.
- the cut end is in a protruding state.
- the side surfaces of the modules 31 to 34 exposed by cutting correspond to the connecting surfaces connected to the other modules 31 to 34.
- the module 31 forming one end in the long side direction of the pipe rack 3 is first transported to the installation site and installed.
- the module 32 connected to the installed module 31 is transported to the installation site and installed. Similar transportation and installation work is carried out for the remaining modules 33 and 34.
- the modules 31 to be installed first will be referred to as "first to fourth modules 31 to 34" in the order of installation.
- the ends of the piping members 50 protruding from the connecting surface are connected to each other by, for example, welding.
- the first module 31 and the second module 32 are laterally connected to each other via the connecting surface.
- the manufacturing site and installation site of modules 31 to 34 are far from each other, and it may take several months to transport each module 31 to 34. For this reason, not only the climate differs between the manufacturing site and the installation site, but also seasonal changes are added, and the temperature of the manufacturing site before the start of transportation of modules 31 to 34 and the temperature of the manufacturing site after transportation of the modules 31 to 34 are added. The temperature difference from the temperature of the installation site may be large.
- a large temperature difference between modules 31 to 34 before and after transportation causes, for example, expansion and contraction of each piping member 50 (Fig. 7).
- the amount of expansion and contraction becomes large, even if the modules 31 to 34 are arranged at the installation site at the same intervals as at the time of cutting, the ends of the piping members 50 protruding from the connecting surface come into contact with each other or are arranged apart from each other. It may happen.
- the expansion and contraction amounts of the piping members 50 may differ from each other even if the piping members 50 are supported in the same module 31 to 34, depending on the constituent materials and lengths thereof.
- the pipe 5 is cut at two positions in the length direction for short connection.
- a method of cutting out the piping member 50 (hereinafter, referred to as “pop piece”) is conceivable.
- pop piece A method of cutting out the piping member 50
- these piping members 50 are connected via a pop piece.
- the length such as scraping the pop piece is adjusted.
- the distance between the ends becomes long due to the contraction of the piping member 50, a new pop piece corresponding to the distance is prepared.
- the length of the pop piece when using a pop piece, after installing the modules 31 and 32 in the field, the length of the pop piece must be adjusted according to the distance between the ends of the piping members 50 extending from the modules 31 and 32. It doesn't become. Further, both ends of the pop piece need to be welded to the end of the piping member 50 on the first module 31 side and the end of the piping member 50 on the second module 32 side, respectively, and the number of welding points increases. There was a problem that the work in the field increased.
- the plurality of piping members 50 expand and contract due to the temperature difference between the air temperature at the manufacturing site before the start of transportation of the modules 31 to 34 and the air temperature at the installation site after the modules 31 to 34 are transported. Calculate the amount in advance. Then, by adjusting the installation position of the modules 31 to 34 and the position of the piping member 50 so as to cancel the expansion and contraction amount, in principle, the modules 31 to 34 are connected without using the pop piece described above. I do.
- the extension amount of the pipe at the timing of installing each module 31 to 34 is calculated by a computer.
- Table 1 shows a calculation table for calculating the amount of expansion and contraction of the piping member 50.
- the material of the pipe 5 for example, carbon steel, stainless steel, iron, Invar and the like can be used. [Table 1]
- piping numbers are assigned to all piping members 50 for each module 31 to 34. Further, when the material constituting each piping member 50 is input, the linear expansion coefficient ⁇ per unit temperature change is read out for each material, and is set in association with each piping member 50. Then, for each of the piping members 50 of the modules 31 to 34, the length L1 of each piping member 50 immediately after the pipe rack 3 is divided at the manufacturing site to manufacture the modules 31 to 34 is accurately measured by a method such as laser measurement. And input for each piping member 50.
- the pipe 5 provided in the pipe rack 3 also includes a bent portion that bends in a direction intersecting the long side direction of the pipe rack 3, but in this embodiment, all the pipes 5 are along the long side direction of the pipe rack 3. Assuming that the pipe extends straight, the length of the piping member 50 along the long side direction is measured and set to L1. In addition, the air temperature T1 when the length is measured is measured.
- the temperature T2 at the time when each module 31 to 34 is transported and installed at the installation site is predicted.
- the temperature T2 may be predicted by using a meteorological simulator or the like, or may be predicted from past meteorological data.
- the following formula (1) is input to the computer, and the expansion / contraction amount ⁇ L of each piping member 50 generated when the modules 31 to 34 are installed on the installation site according to the values of each item input in the table. Is calculated.
- Expansion and contraction amount ⁇ L L1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (T2-T1) Equation (1)
- the amount of change (unit: mm) in which the positions of both ends of the piping member 50 change from the position at the time of manufacturing (when measuring the air temperature T1) is calculated by the calculated expansion / contraction amount of each piping member 50.
- a predetermined position such as the center of the piping member 50 does not change regardless of the temperature difference (T2-T1).
- the amount of change in the end position of the piping member 50 protruding from the connecting surface of each module 31 to 34 can be calculated based on the expansion / contraction amount ⁇ L.
- the installation position is adjusted so as to offset the amount of change in the position of the end portion of the piping member 50.
- the installation position is adjusted so as to offset the amount of change in the position of the end portion of the piping member 50.
- the installation positions of the modules 31 to 34 with respect to the foundation 7 provided on the ground of the installation site are adjusted.
- the method of setting the adjustment amount (offset value) for adjusting the installation position of the modules 31 to 34 will be described later.
- each module 31 to 34 is provided with a column base 6, and the module 31 to 34 is installed by connecting the column base 6 on a foundation 7 pre-installed on the ground of the installation site. Is done. As shown in the figure, by embedding the main body 70 on the lower side of the foundation 7 in the concrete 71 cast on the ground, the foundation 7 is fixed and the arrangement position of the foundation 7 is changed. It can be decided.
- the state where the center of each foundation 7 and the center of the column base 6 are aligned is set as the reference position.
- the column base 6 is connected by shifting from the reference position in a direction that offsets the amount of change in the end portion of the piping member 50.
- Such adjustment of the installation position is performed by providing flanges 72 and 61 at the upper end of the foundation 7 and the lower end of the column base 6, respectively, and shifting the fixing positions of the flanges 72 and 61, respectively, as shown in FIG. Can be done.
- the allowable range of the deviation amount of the column base 6 with respect to the reference position (corresponding to the adjustment amount described above) is about 10 to 15 mm at the maximum.
- the adjustment amount is within the allowable range of the foundation 7. In the above example, it is limited to about 10 to 15 mm).
- the installation position is adjusted based on the offset value, and the amount of change in the position of the end portion of the piping member 50 Offset the minutes.
- the amount of change that cannot be offset by adjusting the installation position is, for example, the end portion of the individual piping member 50. Adjust the position of.
- FIGS. 8 to 13 A specific example of the process of transporting and installing the modules 31 to 34 manufactured at the manufacturing site to the installation site and manufacturing the pipe rack 3 based on the method described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 13.
- the pipe rack 3 is first manufactured at the manufacturing site, and the pipe rack 3 is cut and divided into a plurality of modules 31 to 34 (step of manufacturing the modules).
- the lengths of the piping members 50 of each module 31 to 34 are measured, and each of these modules 31 to 34 is transported to the installation site by the method described above due to the temperature difference.
- the amount of expansion and contraction of the piping member 50 is calculated (step of calculating the amount of expansion and contraction of the piping member 50).
- the offset value which is the adjustment amount of the installation position of each module 31 to 34, is obtained so as to offset this expansion / contraction amount.
- the first module 31 first transported to the installation site is a module adjacent to each other based on the amount of change of the piping member 50 supported by the first module 31.
- the amount of interference between the piping members 50 of 31 and 32 is calculated, and the offset value is determined based on the maximum value.
- the offset value obtained by the above method may differ between one end side and the other end side of the first module 31.
- the adjustment amount when connecting the first module 31 to the foundation 7 is also different between the one end side and the other end side.
- the difference value is absorbed by the bending of the frame structure or the like.
- the offset value related to the installation position of the second module 32 is obtained.
- the second module 32 is arranged so that the connecting surfaces connected to the first module 31 are adjacent to each other and face each other.
- the end portion of each piping member 50 The position can be specified.
- the offset value of one end of the second module 32 on the connecting surface side is determined with reference to the position of the end of the piping member 50 on the first module 31 side. That is, the offset value is set so that the end portion of the piping member 50 on the second module 32 side is arranged at a position where it can be welded to the end portion of the piping member 50 on the first module 31 side.
- a large number of piping members 50 are supported in the respective modules 31 and 32, and the positions of the end portions can be individually adjusted by moving the modules 31 and 32 because of the large diameter.
- a difficult piping member 50a is included.
- the piping member 50a whose individual position adjustment is difficult is selected as the "one piping member" for determining the offset value.
- the above-mentioned description caused by the strength constraint on the foundation 7 side so that the ends of the piping members 50a do not come into contact with each other and are arranged at positions where welding is possible (the gap between the ends is 3 mm to 6 mm). Set the offset value within the limit.
- the offset value can be determined for the interval by the same method as in the above example. That is, the offset value on the other end side of the modules 32 and 33 to be installed first is determined based on the average value of the amount of change of the piping member 50. Also. The offset value on the other end side of the modules 33, 34 to be installed later is based on the position of the end portion of the piping member 50a, which is difficult to individually adjust the position on the connecting surface with the modules 32, 33 installed earlier.
- the offset value is determined so that the positions of the ends of the piping members 50a are weldable positions.
- the offset value may be determined based on, for example, the average value of the changes in the piping member 50.
- the first module 31 on one end side of these modules 31 to 34 is transported by a transport ship or the like. It is mounted on the equipment and transported from the manufacturing site to the installation site (process of transporting the modules shown in FIGS. 9 and 10).
- the first module 31 arrives at the installation site, the first module 31 is connected to the foundation 7 while shifting from the reference position in the direction of canceling the expansion / contraction amount based on the offset value calculated in advance ( FIG. 11, a process of adjusting the installation position of the module, and a process of installing the module).
- the piping member 50 which requires individual position adjustment when installing the second module 32 before the next second module 32 is transported, is moved or cut at the end. (Fig. 8, step of adjusting the position of the end of the piping member).
- the second module 32 is transported from the manufacturing site to the installation site (FIG. 12, the process of transporting the module), and the second module 32 is placed at a position where the connecting surfaces are adjacent to each other and face each other with the first module 31.
- Module 32 is installed (FIG. 13, process of installing the module).
- the installation position of the second module 32 is adjusted based on the offset value determined by the method described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the installation positions of the modules 31 and 32 and the positions of the ends of the individual piping members 50 are adjusted in advance in the direction of canceling the expansion and contraction amount of each piping member 50.
- the ends of the modules 31 and 32 are arranged at positions facing each other with a gap (3 to 6 mm) suitable for welding. After that, the ends of the piping members 50 facing each other are connected to each other through a gap by welding to form the piping 5.
- the remaining third module 33 and the fourth module 34 are also transported, the installation position is adjusted, and the position of the end portion of the piping member 50 is adjusted, and then the end portion of the piping member 50 is adjusted.
- the pipes 5 are formed by connecting them to each other. By carrying out these steps, the pipe rack 3 which is the plant equipment of the present embodiment is manufactured.
- the position of the end portion of the piping member 50 facing each other via the connecting surface of each module 31 to 34 is the piping caused by the temperature difference between the manufacturing site and the installation site of each module 31 to 34. It is adjusted so as to cancel the expansion and contraction amount of the member 50. Therefore, the piping members 50 of both modules 31 and 32 can be connected to each other without using a pop piece or the like.
- the first to fourth modules 31 to 34 are sequentially transported from the manufacturing site to the installation site, and the temperature of the manufacturing site when the modules 31 to 34 are manufactured and the installation at the installation site.
- the amount of expansion and contraction of the piping member 50 is calculated based on the temperature difference between the temperature of the installation site and the temperature difference. Further, the installation position of the foundation 7 is adjusted in a direction that cancels the expansion and contraction amounts of the plurality of piping members 50, and the piping member 50 is moved in a direction that cancels the expansion and contraction amounts of the plurality of piping members 50.
- Modules 31 to 34 are installed by adjusting the position of the end portion of the member 50. Therefore, when the modules 31 to 34 are installed on the installation site, the piping members 50 of the modules 31 to 34 are arranged at positions suitable for connection, so that the work in the field can be reduced.
- the expansion / contraction amount of the piping member 50 is first canceled by adjusting the installation position.
- the module 31 is arranged so that the position of the end portion of the pipe member 50, which is the most difficult to move, is arranged at a preset position. You may adjust the installation position of ⁇ 34. Then, the other piping member 50 may be moved to adjust the position of the end portion of the piping member 50.
- the step of adjusting the position of the end portion of the piping member 50 it is preferable to carry out the step for the piping member 50 on the module 31 to 34 side previously installed at the installation site.
- the installation positions of the modules 31 to 34 are adjusted in a direction that cancels the expansion and contraction amounts of the plurality of piping members 50 with respect to the foundation 7 previously arranged at the installation site, and the expansion and contraction of the plurality of piping members 50. It is not essential to both individually adjust the position of the ends of the piping members 50 supported by the modules 31-34 in a direction that offsets the amount. Only one of these adjustments may be performed.
- the plurality of modules 31 to 34 are not limited to the case where the plant equipment such as the pipe rack 3 manufactured in advance is cut and formed. After manufacturing a plurality of modules individually, they may be transported to the installation site and connected in the horizontal direction to manufacture the plant equipment. Further, in the above example, the plant equipment manufactured by connecting a plurality of modules 31 to 34 is not limited to the pipe rack 3.
- the natural gas plant that separates and recovers natural gas liquid
- the petroleum refining plant that distills and desulfurizes crude oil and various intermediate products, petroleum chemical products, intermediate chemical products, and polymers.
- the present invention also relates to a plant facility having a rack, which is a frame structure supporting a piping 5 connected to various devices provided in various plants such as a chemical plant for producing such as. Can be applied.
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- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
これらのプラントは、例えば塔槽や熱交換器などの静機器、ポンプなどの動機器などの多数の機器群を配置した構造となっている。そしてこれら機器群の間には、機器の間で流体の授受を行う多数の配管が接続されている。プラント内においてこれらの配管は、鉄骨材料などを組み合わせて構成される架構構造体によって支持される。
前記配管を構成する複数の配管部材を支持する架構構造体を有し、前記架構構造体の側面に形成された連結面を介して互いに横方向に連結されて前記プラント設備を構成するモジュールであって、前記プラント設備の据付地とは異なる製造地にて、前記連結面から前記複数の配管部材の端部が突出した複数のモジュールを製造する工程と、
前記製造地にて製造された複数のモジュールを、前記プラント設備の据付地に輸送する工程と、
前記複数のモジュールについて、各々、前記モジュールの輸送開始前の前記製造地の気温と、当該モジュールを輸送した後の前記据付地の気温との間の気温差による前記複数の配管部材の伸縮量を予め算出する工程と、
前記複数のモジュールの互いに連結される連結面が隣り合って対向するように前記据付地に予め配置された基礎に対し、前記複数の配管部材の伸縮量を相殺する方向に向けて当該基礎に対する前記モジュールの据付位置を調節する工程、もしくは複数の配管部材の伸縮量を相殺する方向に向けて前記架構構造体に支持されている配管部材の端部の位置を調節する工程の少なくとも一方を実施し、各モジュールを据え付ける工程と、
前記連結面同士が隣り合って配置された複数のモジュールの互いに対向する前記複数の配管部材の端部同士を接続して前記配管を形成し、前記プラント設備を製造する工程と、を含むことを特徴とする。
(a)前記モジュールの据付位置を調節する工程を実施したとき、前記基礎に対する当該モジュールの据付位置の調節量の制限に抵触する場合に、前記配管部材の端部の位置を調節する工程を実施すること。
(b)(a)において前記据付位置を調節して各モジュールを据え付ける工程にて、当該架構構造体に支持された複数の配管部材から選択した一の配管部材の端部の位置が予め設定された位置に配置されるように、前記据付位置の調節量を設定することと、
前記配管部材の端部の位置を調節する工程は、前記一の配管部材以外の配管部材に対して実施すること。
(c)(a)において前記配管部材の端部の位置を調節する工程は、前記据付地に先に設置されたモジュール側の配管部材について実施すること。
(d)前記各モジュールを製造する工程は、前記製造地にてプラント設備を製造した後、当該プラント設備を切断して複数のモジュールに分割する工程を含むこと。
パイプラック3や機器2群は、プラント設備に相当する。以下、プラント設備であるパイプラック3について本例のプラント設備の製造方法を適用する場合について説明する。
輸送されたモジュール31~34の配管部材50同士を接続し、再び配管5を形成することにより、据付地におけるパイプラック3の製造が行われる。
まず例えば各モジュール31~34を据付地に輸送する前に、コンピュータにより各モジュール31~34を設置するタイミングにおける配管の伸長量を算出する。表1は、配管部材50の伸縮量を算出する計算表を示す。配管5の材質として、例えば、炭素鋼、ステンレス鋼、鉄、インバーなどが使用できる。
[表1]
上述のように当該配管部材50の長さ測定を測定した際の気温T1と、例えばシミュレーションなどにより予測される当該モジュール31~34が据付地にて据え付けされるタイミングにおける据付地の予想気温T2と、が特定され、既述のコンピュータに入力される。
伸縮量ΔL=L1×α×(T2-T1) 式(1)
そして、各配管部材50が算出された伸縮量分、伸縮したときに配管部材50の両端の位置が製造時(気温T1の測定時)の位置から変化する変化量(単位は例えばmm)が算出される。なお、例えば変化量の算出にあたっては、配管部材50の中央などの所定の位置が、気温差(T2-T1)に係らず変化しないと仮定する。この場合には、表2に示すように、前記伸縮量ΔLに基づき、各モジュール31~34の連結面から突出する配管部材50の端部位置の変化量を算出することができる。
[表2]
そこでモジュール31~34を据え付ける際にモジュール31~34自体の据付位置をずらして設置し、配管部材50の位置の変化を相殺する。据付位置をずらす手法としては、据付地の地盤に設けられた後述の基礎7に対するモジュール31~34の据付位置を調節する。モジュール31~34の据付位置を調節するための調節量(オフセット値)の設定手法については後述する。
しかしながら、基準位置からの柱脚6の位置ずれが大きくなると基礎7を曲げる方向に働く力が大きくなってしまうため、基礎7に対する柱脚6の接続位置をずらすことによる据付位置の調節には制限がある。本例では、基準位置に対する柱脚6のずれ量(既述の調節量に相当する)は、最大10~15mm程度を許容範囲としている。
後述の手法により求めるオフセット値が本例の基礎7の許容範囲内の値となっている場合には、当該オフセット値に基づいて据付位置を調節し、配管部材50の端部の位置の変化量分を相殺する。一方、算出したオフセット値が前記許容範囲を超える場合(オフセット値の制限に抵触する場合)には、据付位置の調節にて相殺しきれない変化量分は、例えば個別の配管部材50について端部の位置調節を行う。
始めに図3を用いて説明したように、まず製造地にてパイプラック3を製造し、当該パイプラック3を切断して複数のモジュール31~34に分割する(モジュールを製造する工程)。
しかる後、この伸縮量を相殺するように、各モジュール31~34の据付位置の調節量であるオフセット値を求める。
このとき、例えば上記手法により求めたオフセット値が、第1のモジュール31の一端側と他端側との間で相違する場合がある。この場合には、基礎7に対して第1のモジュール31を接続する際の調節量も前記一端側と他端側で相違することになる。しかしながら、これら一端側、他端側の変化量の差分は、モジュール31全体の大きさに比べてごく小さいため、当該差分値は架構構造体の撓み等により吸収される。
このとき、それぞれのモジュール31、32には、多数の配管部材50が支持されているが、その中には、大口径であるといった理由により、動かして個別に端部の位置を調節することが困難な配管部材50aが含まれている。
一方、上述の手法によりオフセット値を定めた結果、個別の位置調節が困難な配管部材50a以外の配管部材50にて端部同士の接触や溶接困難な隙間が空いている場合には、架構構造体に支持された配管部材50を動かしたり、端部を切断したりすることにより、個別の位置調節を行う(図8)。
即ち、先に据え付けられるモジュール32、33の他端側のオフセット値は、配管部材50の変化量の平均値に基づき決定する。また。後から据え付けられるモジュール33、34の他端側のオフセット値は、先に据え付けられたモジュール32、33との連結面における個別の位置調節が困難な配管部材50aの端部の位置を基準として、配管部材50a同士の端部の位置が溶接可能な位置となるようにオフセット値を決定する。残る第4のモジュール34の他端側は、例えば配管部材50の変化量の平均値に基づきオフセット値を決定してもよい。
第1のモジュール31が据付地に到着すると、予め算出したオフセット値に基づいて、前記伸縮量を相殺する方向に、基準位置からずらしつつ、基礎7に対して第1のモジュール31を接続する(図11、モジュールの据付位置を調節する工程、及びモジュールを据え付ける工程)。ここで、次の第2のモジュール32が輸送されてくるまでの間に、第2のモジュール32を据え付ける際に、個別の位置調節が必要となる配管部材50については、移動や端部の切断などの作業を実施する(図8、配管部材の端部の位置を調節する工程)。
さらにパイプラック3に設置される配管5は、配管5ごとに太さや構造が異なるため、例えば一番移動が困難な配管部材50の端部の位置を予め設定した位置に配置するようにモジュール31~34の据え付け位置の調節を行ってもよい。そしてその他の配管部材50を移動させて配管部材50の端部の位置を調節するようにしてもよい。
なお、据付地に予め配置された基礎7に対し、前記複数の配管部材50の伸縮量を相殺する方向に向けてモジュール31~34の据付位置を調節することと、複数の配管部材50の伸縮量を相殺する方向に向けてモジュール31~34に支持されている配管部材50の端部の位置を個別に調節することとの双方を実施することは必須ではない。これらの調節のいずれか一方のみを実施して、もよい。
また、上述の例では複数のモジュール31~34を連結して製造するプラント設備はパイプラック3に限定されるものではない。天然ガスの液化を行うLNGプラントの他、天然ガス液の分離、回収などを行う天然ガスプラント、原油や各種中間製品の蒸留や脱硫などを行う石油精製プラント、石油化学製品や中間化学品、ポリマーなどの生産を行う化学プラントなど、各種のプラントに設けられる各種機器が設けられ、これらの機器に接続された配管5を支持した架構構造体であるラックを有するプラント設備に対しても、本発明は適用することができる。
5 配管
7 基礎
31~34 モジュール
50 配管部材
Claims (5)
- 流体の処理を行うプラントに設けられ、流体が流通する配管を備えたプラント設備の製造方法において、
前記配管を構成する複数の配管部材を支持する架構構造体を有し、前記架構構造体の側面に形成された連結面を介して互いに横方向に連結されて前記プラント設備を構成するモジュールであって、前記プラント設備の据付地とは異なる製造地にて、前記連結面から前記複数の配管部材の端部が突出した複数のモジュールを製造する工程と、
前記製造地にて製造された複数のモジュールを、前記プラント設備の据付地に輸送する工程と、
前記複数のモジュールについて、各々、前記モジュールの輸送開始前の前記製造地の気温と、当該モジュールを輸送した後の前記据付地の気温との間の気温差による前記複数の配管部材の伸縮量を予め算出する工程と、
前記複数のモジュールの互いに連結される連結面が隣り合って対向するように前記据付地に予め配置された基礎に対し、前記複数の配管部材の伸縮量を相殺する方向に向けて当該基礎に対する前記モジュールの据付位置を調節する工程、もしくは複数の配管部材の伸縮量を相殺する方向に向けて前記架構構造体に支持されている配管部材の端部の位置を調節する工程の少なくとも一方を実施し、各モジュールを据え付ける工程と、
前記連結面同士が隣り合って配置された複数のモジュールの互いに対向する前記複数の配管部材の端部同士を接続して前記配管を形成し、前記プラント設備を製造する工程と、を含むことを特徴とするプラント設備の製造方法。 - 前記モジュールの据付位置を調節する工程を実施したとき、前記基礎に対する当該モジュールの据付位置の調節量の制限に抵触する場合に、前記配管部材の端部の位置を調節する工程を実施することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラント設備の製造方法。
- 前記据付位置を調節して各モジュールを据え付ける工程にて、当該架構構造体に支持された複数の配管部材から選択した一の配管部材の端部の位置が予め設定された位置に配置されるように、前記据付位置の調節量を設定することと、
前記配管部材の端部の位置を調節する工程は、前記一の配管部材以外の配管部材に対して実施することと、を特徴とする請求項2に記載のプラント設備の製造方法。 - 前記配管部材の端部の位置を調節する工程は、前記据付地に先に設置されたモジュール側の配管部材について実施することを特徴とする請求項2に記載のプラント設備の建設方法。
- 前記各モジュールを製造する工程は、前記製造地にてプラント設備を製造した後、当該プラント設備を切断して複数のモジュールに分割する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラント設備の製造方法。
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| CA3146514A1 (en) | 2021-02-18 |
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