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WO2021021031A1 - Procédé de séparation et de récupération de polymères et/ou de fibres à partir de matériaux composites solides ou de mélanges liquides - Google Patents

Procédé de séparation et de récupération de polymères et/ou de fibres à partir de matériaux composites solides ou de mélanges liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021021031A1
WO2021021031A1 PCT/TH2019/000024 TH2019000024W WO2021021031A1 WO 2021021031 A1 WO2021021031 A1 WO 2021021031A1 TH 2019000024 W TH2019000024 W TH 2019000024W WO 2021021031 A1 WO2021021031 A1 WO 2021021031A1
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Prior art keywords
solvent
polymers
solution
process according
separating
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PCT/TH2019/000024
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English (en)
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Trillion LAI
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Priority to PCT/TH2019/000024 priority Critical patent/WO2021021031A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/028—Flow sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/0292—Treatment of the solvent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
    • C08J11/08—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions using selective solvents for polymer components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0203—Separating plastics from plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0231—Centrifugating, cyclones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0293—Dissolving the materials in gases or liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • aspects of the present disclosure relate in general to a process for separating and recovering polymers and/or fibers from solid composite materials or liquid mixtures containing a plurality of polymers and/or fibers.
  • the so id composite materials or liquid mixtures can include or be waste materials.
  • Particular aspects of the present disclosure also pertain to a process for recovering a solvent used in the process for separating polymers, where the recovered solvent can be reused in one or more manners.
  • Polymers, including fibers, with a high purity that are presently available in the market are mainly produced new. Due to increasing worldwide demand for uses of polymers, there have been sever 1 attempts to provide alternative sources for polymers.
  • One of the alternative sources is polymers recycled from waste materials in many industries.
  • the waste materials are substantially composed of nylon, spandex, Polyethylene (PE), Polyester, Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), High Densit Polyethylene (HOPE), Polyethylene Terephthal te (PET), and Polypropylene (PP).
  • the waste materials have commonly been land-filled or burned.
  • the polymers in the waste materials can take up to 400 years to degrade, which generates a great environmental liability, while there is demand to use such polymers in many industries.
  • US Patent No. 5,278,282 to E. Bruce Nauman, et al. discloses a method for separating polymers from a physically commingled solid mixture containing a plurality of polymers.
  • Nauman’s method involves dissolving a first one of the polymers in a solvent at a first lower temperature to form a first preferably single phase solution and a remaining solid component. The polymers are then separated from the solution by using a flash evaporation technique or compositional quenching. Nauman’s method can be used for separating polymers from waste materials.
  • Nauman’s extraction of the polymers from the solvent by way of flash evaporation or compositional quenching requires high energy consumption. Moreover and quite importantly, evaporated solvent vapor is extremely hazardous to human health. Thus, Nauman’s flash evaporation or compositional quenching should be sealed or isolated from humans the surrounding environment, which results in an undesirably high protection or protective equipment cost. In Nauman’s method, even though the removed solvent can be reused in the next dissolution step or a subsequent solvent-based process, it is not an appropriate method for separating polymers from waste materials on a commercial scale, due to the high energy consumption and high protection cost.
  • a process for separating polymers from waste materials or mixtures includes: (1) dissolving the waste materials or mixtures in a solvent to form a solution and a remaining solid component; (2) separating the solution from the remaining solid component; and (3) separating the soluble polymer from the solution, where the solution is cooled to solidify the soluble polymer by way of heat exchanging and/or naturally cooling in an environment, and the soluble polymer in solid form is separated from the solution by way of a centrifugation process, e.g., involving the use of a centrifugal separator.
  • the polymer is extracted from the solvent by way of the centrifugation process, e.g., typically or preferably by way of a centrifugal separator, which significantly reduces energy consumption compared to that of conventional processes. Therefore, a process in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure is scalable and economically feasible on a commercial scale for turning or converting waste into value, e.g., economically valuable material(s).
  • the solvent is also recoverable for use in a subsequent or next process or process portion, such as a next dissolution step, or essentially any solvent-based processes).
  • the polymers obtained or recovered by way of processes in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure have a high purity, and are suitable for use or reuse in many manufacturing industries or processes, such as textiles or textile manufacturing processes, respectively.
  • a process for separating polymers from waste materials or a solid mixture includes: (1) dissolving the solid mixture in a solvent to form a solution and a remaining solid component, where the solid mixture contains at least one soluble polymer in the solvent; (2) separating the solution from the remaining solid component, where the solution contains a soluble polymer in the solvent and the solvent, and the remaining solid component contains an insoluble polymer in the solvent; and (3) separating the soluble polymer from the solution, where the solution is cooled to solidify the soluble polymer by way of heat exchanging and/or naturally cooling in an environment and the soluble polymer in solid form is separated from the solution by way of a centrifugation process, e.g., typically through the use of centrifugal separator.
  • a centrifugation process e.g., typically through the use of centrifugal separator.
  • the process in accordance with the present disclosure further includes recycling the solvent obtained after the centrifugation process, e.g., typically by way of a centrifugal separator.
  • the solvent can be recycled for use in a next dissolution step, or any other solvent-based process(es).
  • a ratio of insoluble polymers to soluble polymers in the solid mixture is between 99: 1 and 80:20.
  • the solid mixture can contain at least two polymers of or selected from Polyamide (PA) including nylon or nylon 6,6, Polyether- Polyurea copolymer including, corresponding to, or formed of elastane or spandex type material(s), Polyethylene (PE), Polyester, Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), High Density Polyethylene (HOPE), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polypropylene (PP) and Polyurethane (PU).
  • PA Polyamide
  • a ratio of the solvent to the solid mixture used in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure is typically between 10: 1 and 50: 1.
  • the solvent can include or be selected from the group consisting or essentially consisting of Dimethylformamide (DMF), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Toluene, Xylene, Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and combinations thereof.
  • DMF Dimethylformamide
  • DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide
  • DMAC Dimethylacetamide
  • a range of temperature and time used in embodiments of the present disclosure for dissolving the solid mixture in the solvent can be between 50— 160 degrees Celsius and between 10 - 60 minutes, respectively.
  • the solution is separated from the remaining solid component by way of a filtration process, e.g., using a metal mesh filter, and/or other process(es) which can separate the solid from liquid, and the solvent present in the insoluble polymer of the remaining solid component is removed by way of tumble drying, e.g., by having hot air at a temperature of at least 50 degrees Celsius introduced or blown into a vessel carrying the remaining solid component while the vessel tumbles.
  • a filtration process e.g., using a metal mesh filter, and/or other process(es) which can separate the solid from liquid
  • tumble drying e.g., by having hot air at a temperature of at least 50 degrees Celsius introduced or blown into a vessel carrying the remaining solid component while the vessel tumbles.
  • a process in accordance with the present disclosure further includes a reprocessing sequence for dissolving or further dissolving at least some polymer that is still present in the remaining solid component and which is soluble in the selected solvent to form a second solution and a second remaining solid component; and separating the second solution from the second remaining solid component, where the second remaining solid component contains the insoluble polymer.
  • the reprocessing sequence can be performed in multiple cycles. A range of temper ture and time, and/or a ratio of the solvent to the solid mixture or remaining solid component used in some or each of the multiple cycles can be different, e.g., from one cycle to another.
  • the insoluble polymer obtained is more purified by way of the reprocessing sequence. Furthermore, more soluble polymer in the solvent i s obtained by way of the reprocessing sequence.
  • a process for separating polymers from a solid mixture containing two or more polymers includes: (a) dissolving the so id mixture in a solvent to form a solution and a remaining solid component, wherein the solid mixture contains a first set of polymers soluble in the solvent, and the remaining solid component contains a second set of polymers insoluble in the solvent; (b) separating the solution from the remaining solid component, wherein the solution contains the solvent and the first set of polymers soluble in the solvent; and (c) separating the first set of polymers soluble in the solvent from the solution, wherein the solution is cooled to solidify the first set of polymers to produce the first set of polymers in solid form, and the first set of polymers in solid form is separated from the solution by way of a centrifugation process.
  • a ratio of the second set of polymers to the first set of polymers in the solid mixture can be between 99: 1 and 80:20.
  • a process for separating a polymer or fiber from a solvent in a liquid mixture, where the polymer or fiber is soluble in the solvent includes steps of: (1) cooling the liquid mixture to solidify the polymer or fiber by way of heat exchanging and/or naturally cooling in an environment; and (2) separating the polymer or fiber in solid form from the liquid mixture by way of a centrifugation process, e.g., involving the use of centrifugal separator.
  • the solvent can include or be selected from the group consisting or consisting essentially of Dimethylformamide (DMF), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Toluene, Xylene, Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and combinations thereof.
  • the solvent remaining in the liquid mixture after the centrifugation process can be recycled for use in any solvent-based process, and the polymer or fiber obtained after the centrifugation process, e.g., which involves the use of a centrifugal separator, is readily usable or used for recycling or manufacturing processes in many industries.
  • Figure 1 is a flowchart of a process for separating and recovering polymers or fibers from waste materials or solid composite materials or solid mixture according to an embodiment of the disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a flowchart of a process for separating a remaining solvent from a remaining solid component, containing the insoluble polymer, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is a flowchart of a process for separating and recovering a polymer or fiber from a solvent in a liquid mixture, where the polymer or fiber is soluble in the solvent, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • depiction of a given element or consideration or use of a particular element number in a particular figure or a reference thereto in corresponding descriptive material can encompass the same, an equivalent, or an analogous element or element number identified in another figure or descriptive material associated therewith.
  • the recitation of particular numerical values or value ranges is taken to be a recitation of particular approximate numerical values or approximate value ranges.
  • a given numerical value or value range provided below should be interpreted or defined as an approximate numerical value or value range, e.g., to within +/- 20%, +/- 15%, +/- 10%, +/- 5%, +/- 2.5%, or +/- 0%.
  • a temperature of 90 degrees Celsius should be interpreted as approximately or about 90 degrees Celsius, within a percentage such as indicated above.
  • the term“set” corresponds to or is defined as a non-empty finite organization of elements that mathematically exhibits a cardinality of at least 1 (i.e., a set as defined herein can correspond to a unit, singlet, or single element set, or a multiple element set), in accordance with known mat ematical definitions (for instance, in a manner corresponding to that described in An Introduction to Mathematical Reasoning: Numbers, Sets, and Functions , "Chapter 1 1 : Properties of Finite Sets" (e.g., as indicated on p. 140), by Peter J.
  • an element of a set can include or be one or more portions of a process; a substance, material, or composition; a physical parameter; or a value, depending upon the type of set under considera ion.
  • the terms“waste material,” “waste materials,”“solid composite material,”“solid composite materials,”“solid mixture,”“solid mixtures,”“liquid mixture,” and“liquid mixtures” refer to any materials and/or mixtures, e.g., obtained from post-industrial or post-consumer sources or processes, containing various portions of polymers and/or fibers based upon, corresponding to, or formed of one or more of Polyamide (PA) including nylon or nylon 6,6; Polyether-Polyurea copolymer including, corresponding to, or formed of elastane or elastane based materials, e.g., spandex or Lycra ® ; Polyethylene (PE); Polyester; Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE); High Density Polyethylene (HOPE); Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET); Polypropylene (PP); Polyurethane (PU); and various portions of other synthetic polymers and/or fibers.
  • Polyether-Polyurea copolymer encompasse.
  • filtration corresponds to any mechanical, physical, and/or biological process(es) or operation(s) that separate(s) solids from liquids by the inclusion, presence, or addition of a medium or structure through which only a fluid, or a fluid carrying or containing substances or particles smaller than a predetermined size, can pass.
  • the medium can include a filter.
  • filtration involves the use of a metal mesh filter having a particular mesh size, e.g., selected based on or in accordance with a particle size of a type of insoluble polymer under consideration, in a manner readily understood by individuals having ordinary skill in the relevant art.
  • centrifugation refers to any technique which involves the application of centrifugal force(s) to separate particles from a solution according to their size, shape, density, viscosity of the medium and rotor speed.
  • centrifugation involves introducing or pumping a liquid mixture into an approximately or generally conical or conical vessel to create a vortex. The generated vortex produces or exerts centrifugal force on the liquid mixture, where higher density suspended polymers are pushed to the side and ejected from the system.
  • centrifugation involves the use or occurs by way of a centrifugal separator.
  • a first aspect of the present disclosure relates to a process for separating polymer(s) and/or fiber(s) (hereafter“polymers” or“polymer” for purpose of brevity, simplicity, and clarity) from waste materials, solid composite materials, and/or a solid mixture (collectively referred to hereafter “solid mixture” for purpose of brevity, simplicity, and clarity), where the process includes: (1) dissolving the solid mixture in a solvent to form a solution and a remaining solid component; (2) separating the solution from the remaining solid component; and (3) separating soluble polymer(s) from the solution by way of a centrifugation process.
  • the centrifugation process involves the use of a centrifugal separator.
  • the process further includes recycling the solvent obtained after the centrifugation process, e.g., after centrifugation by way of a centrifugal separator.
  • the solvent can be recycled for use in a subsequent or next dissolution step, or essentially any other solvent-based process(es).
  • a process for separating a polymer or fiber from a solvent in a liquid mixture, where the polymer or fiber is soluble in the solvent includes: (1) cooling the liquid mixture to solidify the polymer or fiber by way of heat exchanging and/or naturally cooling in an environment; and (2) separating the polymer or fiber in solid form from the liquid mixture by way of a centrifugation process, e.g., using a centrifugal separator.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of a process 100 for separating polymers or fibers from waste materials, solid composite materials, and/or a solid mixture (collectively referred to as“solid mixture,” as above) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a process portion 1 In a first process portion 1 10, at least one solid mixture is provided or obtained.
  • a solid mixture includes at least polymers of one or more of Polyamide (PA), Polyether-Polyurea copolymer (where as indicated above, use of the term Polyether-Polyurea copolymer encompasses elastane or spandex type materials), Polyethylene (PE), Polyester, Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), High Density Polyethylene (HOPE), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polypropylene (PP) and Polyurethane (PU).
  • the solid mixture includes Polyamide (PA) and Polyether-Polyurea copolymer. More specifically, a ratio of these two polymers in the solid mixture can be between 99: 1 and 80:20.
  • the solid mixture is dissolved in a selected solvent or solvent mixture (hereafter“solvent” for purpose of simplicity and clarity) to form a solution and a remaining solid component.
  • the solvent includes or is selected from Dimethylformamid (DMF), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Toluene, Xylene, Dimethylacetamide (DMAC), and combinations thereof.
  • the solvent can be selected from the group consisting or consisting essentially of DMF, DMSO, Toluene, Xylene, DMAC, and combinations thereof.
  • the selected solvent is DMF.
  • a typical ratio of solvent to solid mixture is between 10: 1 and 50:1.
  • the two or more polymers in the solid mixture generally have different solubilities in the selected solvent.
  • a typical range of temperature and time used in the second process portion 120 is between 50 - 160 degrees Celsius and between 10 - 60 minutes, respectively. However, in some embodiments, the second process portion 120 can be performed without heating (e.g., at ambient or room temperature), or with low or minimal heating (e.g., at a temperature below 50 degrees Celsius).
  • the solution contains the Polyether- Polyurea copolymer which is soluble in the DMF, and the remaining solid mixture contains the Polyamide (PA) which is insoluble in the DMF.
  • the solution containing the Polyether-Polyurea copolymer obtained from the second process portion 120 is separated from the remaining solid component containing the Polyamide (PA) by way of a filtration process.
  • the filtration process includes or occurs by way of filtration using a metal mesh filter.
  • the filtration process can occur by way of another type of filter, and/or essentially any process or process sequence that can separate solids from liquids.
  • a fourth process portion 140 the solution without the remaining solid component from the third process portion 130 is cooled to solidify the Polyether-Polyurea copolymer by way of heat exchanging and/or naturally cooling in an environment.
  • the Polyether-Polyurea copolymer in solid form is then separated from the solution by way of a centrifuga ion process, or any process that involves the application of centrifugal force to separate solids from a solution, e.g., by way of a centrifug tion system.
  • the fifth process potion 150 utilizes a centrifugal separator, which pumps liquid mixture into a conical vessel to create a vor ex.
  • the generated vortex produces or exerts centrifugal force on the liquid mixture, such that higher density suspended polymers re pushed outward or to the side and collected or ejected from the centrifugation system.
  • a rate, speed, or frequency of centrifugation is at least 600 RPM.
  • the Polyether-Polyurea copolymer obtained in association with the fifth process portion 150 is readily usable or used for recycling or manufacturing in many industries.
  • the process 100 further includes a sixth process portion 160 in which the solvent obtained in association with fifth process portion 150 is recycled for use in the second process portion 120, or essentially any other solvent-based process(es).
  • the process 100 further includes a seventh process portion 170, in which the remaining solid component obtained in association with third process portion 130 is reprocessed.
  • the remaining solid component obtained in association with the third process portion 130 can still contain at least some polymer(s) that are soluble in the selected solvent, but which were not or were not completely dissolved during their original or previous exposure to the selected solvent.
  • the remaining solid component obtained in association with the third process portion 130 can be reprocessed or subjected to a reprocessing sequence to further remove such soluble polymer(s) therefrom, e.g., which further extracts the soluble polymer(s) and which further purifies this solid component.
  • the remaining solid component obtained in association with the third process portion 130 is exposed again to a selected solvent to form a second solution and a second remaining solid component.
  • the selected solvent used in the seventh process portion 170 can be the same solvent used in the previous process portion 130, or another different solvent, e.g., selected from the group consisting or consisting essentially of Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Toluene, Xylene, and combinations thereof.
  • the second solution contains at least some Polyether-Pol urea dissolved in the selected solvent, and the remaining solid component contains Polyamide (PA).
  • the seventh process portion 170 can be performed in multiple cycles, and depending upon embodiment details, a range of temperature and time, and/or a ratio of the solvent to the solid mixture or remaining solid component used in some or each of the multiple cycles can be identical or different.
  • a polymer obtained in association with the seventh process portion 170 for example the Polyamide (PA), can be more purified.
  • more soluble polymer in the solvent for example, the Poiyether-Polyurea copolymer, is extracted or obtained by way of such reprocessing.
  • solvent present in the remaining solid component obtained in association with the third process portion 130 of the process 100 can be removed by way of a drying procedure, e.g., tumble drying, prior to the seventh process portion 170.
  • Figure 2 shows a flowchart of a process 200 for separating or removing solvent present in the remaining solid component, containing the insoluble polymer, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a first process portion 210 the remaining solid component obtained in association with the third process portion 130 of the process 100 is spun to dry or spin dried by way of tumble drying, typically involving heated or hot air at a temperature of at least 50 degree Celsius blown into a vessel carrying the aforementioned remaining solid component while the vessel tumbles.
  • the solvent is evaporated from the remaining so id component in association with or by way of such spin drying.
  • the insoluble polymer for example the Polyamide (PA), is dried and ready for industrial (re)use.
  • PA Polyamide
  • Figure 3 shows a flowchart of a process 300 for separating and recovering a polymer or fiber from a solvent in a liquid mixture, where the polymer or fiber is soluble in the solvent.
  • a first process portion 310 at least one liquid mixture, containing a solvent and a polymer or fiber, is provided or obtained.
  • representative examples of a liquid mixture include polymers or fibers of at least one of Polyamide (PA), Polyether-Polyurea copolymer, Polyethylene (PE), Polyester, Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), High Density Polyethylene (HOPE), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polypropylene (PP), and Polyurethane (PU), in a solvent that includes or which is selected from the group consisting or consisting essentially of Dimethylformamide (DMF), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Toluene, Xylene, Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and combinations thereof.
  • the liquid mixture includes Polyether-Polyurea copolymer in DMF solvent, where the Polyether-Polyurea copolymer is soluble in the DMF.
  • the liquid mixture from the first process portion 310 is cooled to solidify the polymer, for example Polyether-Polyurea copolymer, by way of heat exchanging and/or naturally cooling in an environment.
  • the polymer in solid form is then separated from the liquid mixture by way of a centrifugation process, e.g., essentially any process that involves the application of centrifugal force to separate solids from a liquid.
  • the third process portion 330 typically utilizes a centrifugation system such as a centrifugal separator, which pumps liquid mixture into a conical vessel to create a vortex.
  • the generated vortex produces or exerts centrifugal force on the liquid mixture, such that higher density suspended polymers are pushed outward or to the side and collected or ejected from the system.
  • a rate, speed, or frequency of centrifugation is at least 600 RPM.
  • the polymer and solvent obtained in association with the third process portion 330 is readily used for recycling or manufacturing in many industries or any other solvent-based process(es).
  • the process for separating Polyamide (PA) and Polyether-Polyurea copolymer, especially spandex, from a solid mixture includes: (1) dissolving the solid mixture in the DMF to form a solution and a remaining solid component, where the solid mixture contains Polyamide (PA) and Polyether-Polyurea copolymer, especially spandex, having a different solubility in the DMF; (2) separating the solution from the remaining solid component by way of a metal mesh filter, where the solution contains Polyether-Polyurea copolymer, especially spandex, which is soluble in the DMF, and the remaining solid component contains Polyamide (PA) which is insoluble in the DMF; and (3) separating the Polyether-Polyurea copolymer, especially spandex, from the solution, where the solution is cooled to solidify the Polyether-Polyurea copolymer by way of a water bath and the Polyether-Polyurea copolymer, especially spandex, in solid form is separated from the solution by way of using a
  • a ratio of Polyamide (PA) to Polyether-Polyurea copolymer, especially spandex, in the solid mixture is 80:20 and a ratio of the DMF to solid mixture used in the experiment is between 10: 1 and 50: 1.
  • the volume and temperature of the solid mixture is 50 milliliters and 20 degree Celsius, respectively.
  • a range of temperature and time used in the experiment for dissolving the solid mixture in the DMF is set to between 50 - 90 degree Celsius and between 10 - 60 minutes, respectively.
  • Polyamide (PA) obtained from the process is spun to dry or spin dried by way of tumble drying at a tumble drying temperature and a tumble drying cycle rate, speed, or frequency of 90 degree Celsius and 300 RPM, respectively.
  • the DMF is then evaporated from the Polya ide (PA). Such DMF can be recovered for subsequent use.
  • both Polyamide (PA) and Polyether -Polyurea copolymer obtained are readily used for recycling or manufacturing in many industries, and/or the DMF is recovered for use in any other solvent-based process(es).
  • the process for sepa ating Polyamide (PA) and Polypropylene (PP) from a solid mixture includes: (1) dissolving the solid mixture in the Xylene to form a solution and a remaining solid component, where the solid mixture contains Polyamide (PA) and Polypropylene (PP) having a different solubility in the Xylene; (2) separating the solution from the remaining solid component by way of a metal mesh filter, where the solution contains Polypropylene (PP) which is soluble in the Xylene, and the remaining solid component contains Polyamide (PA) which is insoluble in the Xylene; and (3) separating the Polypropylene (PP) from the solution, where the solution is cooled to solidify the Polypropylene (PP) by way of using a water bath and the Polypropylene (PP) in solid form is separated from the solution by way of a centrifugal separator at a centrifugation rate, speed, or frequency of 2000 RPM.
  • a ratio of Polyamide (PA) to Polypropylene (PP) in the solid mixture is 90: 10 and a ratio of the Xylene to solid mixture is between 10:1 - 50:1.
  • the volume and temperature of the solid mixture is 50 milliliters and 20 degree Celsius, respectively.
  • a range of temperature and time used in the experiment for dissolving the solid mixture in the Xylene is between 100 - 130 degree Celsius and between 10 - 60 minutes, respectively.
  • Polyamide (PA) obtained from the process is spun to dry or spin dried by way of tumble drying, at a tumble drying temperature and a tumble drying cycle rate, speed, or frequency of 90 degrees Celsius and 300 RPM, respectively.
  • the Xylene is then evaporated from the Polyamide (PA), e.g., such that it be recovered for subsequent use.
  • both Polyamide (PA) and Polypropylene (PP) obtained are readily used for recycling or manufacturing in many industries, and/or the Xylene is recovered for use in any other solvent-based process(es).
  • the process for separating Polyamide (PA) and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from a solid mixture includes: (1) dissolving the solid mixture in the DMSO to form a solution and a remaining solid component, where the solid mixture contains Polyamide (PA) and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a different solubility in the DMSO; (2) separ ting the solution from the remaining solid component by way of a metal mesh filter, where the solution contains Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) which is soluble in the DMSO, and the remaining solid component contains Polyamide (PA) which is insoluble in the DMSO; and (3) separating the Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from the solution, where the solution is cooled to solidify the Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by way of a water bath and the Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in solid form is separated from the solution by way of a centrifugal separator at a centrifugation rate, speed, or frequency of 2000 R
  • a ratio of Polyamide (PA) to Polyethylene terephthal e (PET) in the solid mixture is 90: 10 and a ratio of the DMSO to solid mixture is between 10: 1 - 50: 1.
  • the volume and temperature of the solid mixture is 50 milliliters and 20 degree Celsius, respectively.
  • a range of temperature and time used in the experiment for dissolving the solid mixture in the DMSO is between 120 - 160 degrees Celsius and between 10 - 60 minutes, respectively.
  • Polyamide (PA) obtained from the process is spun to dry or spin dried by way of tumble drying, at tumble drying temperature and tumble drying cycle rate, speed, or frequency of 120 degrees Celsius and 300 RPM, respectively.
  • the DMSO is then evaporated from the Polyamide (PA), e.g., such that it can be captured or recovered.
  • both Polyamide (PA) and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) obtained are readily used for recycling or manufacturing in many industries, and/or the DMSO is recovered for use in any other solvent-based process(es).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de séparation de polymères à partir de déchets ou de mélanges comprenant les étapes consistant à : dissoudre les déchets ou les mélanges dans un solvant pour former une solution et un composant solide restant; séparer la solution du composant solide restant; et séparer le polymère soluble de la solution, la solution étant refroidie pour solidifier le polymère soluble par échange de chaleur ou refroidissement naturel dans un environnement, et le polymère soluble sous forme solide étant ensuite séparé de la solution par un processus de centrifugation. Les polymères obtenus sont facilement utilisés pour le recyclage ou la fabrication dans de nombreuses industries. En outre, les résidus de solvant résultant du processus de centrifugation peuvent être recyclés pour être utilisés dans n'importe quel procédé à base de solvant.
PCT/TH2019/000024 2019-07-30 2019-07-30 Procédé de séparation et de récupération de polymères et/ou de fibres à partir de matériaux composites solides ou de mélanges liquides Ceased WO2021021031A1 (fr)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023044699A1 (fr) * 2021-09-24 2023-03-30 The Hong Kong Research Institute Of Textiles And Apparel Limited Procédés de séparation de textiles
CN116617993A (zh) * 2023-07-26 2023-08-22 中国科学院过程工程研究所 一种制备多亚甲基多苯基多氨基甲酸甲酯的装置及方法
EP4289586A1 (fr) * 2022-06-07 2023-12-13 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. Procédé et installation pour le recyclage de tissus
EP4306586A1 (fr) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-17 Cap Iii B.V. Procédé de récupération de spandex et de nylon à partir de matériaux comprenant du spandex et du nylon
EP4306584A1 (fr) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-17 Cap Iii B.V. Procédé de récupération d'epsilon-caprolactame et de polyéther polyuréthane à partir de matériaux comprenant du nylon 6 et du polyéther polyuréthane
EP4306585A1 (fr) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-17 Cap Iii B.V. Procédé de récupération d'epsilon-caprolactame et de polyéther polyuréthane à partir de matériaux comprenant du polyamide 6 et du polyéther polyuréthane
IT202300019437A1 (it) 2023-09-21 2025-03-21 Re Sport S R L Procedimento per la produzione di fibre tessili
WO2025097116A1 (fr) * 2023-11-02 2025-05-08 Andini Erha Procédés de recyclage chimique de déchets textiles mélangés
US12371407B2 (en) 2022-01-28 2025-07-29 Cap Iii B.V. Process for the recovery of epsilon-caprolactam from nylon 6-containing multi-component material
US12435041B2 (en) 2022-01-28 2025-10-07 Cap Iii B. V. Process for the recovery of epsilon-caprolactam from nylon 6 comprising fishing nets
US12454508B2 (en) 2022-01-28 2025-10-28 Cap Iii B.V. Process for the recovery of epsilon-caprolactam from polyamide 6 comprising fishing nets
US12473255B2 (en) 2022-07-11 2025-11-18 Hscc Sustainable Venturing B.V. Process for the recovery of epsilon-caprolactam from nylon 6-containing multi-component material
KR102897185B1 (ko) 2022-07-11 2025-12-08 후지안 하이썬 그린 테크놀러지스 컴퍼니 리미티드 스판덱스 및 나일론을 포함하는 재료로부터 스판덱스 및 나일론 6을 회수하는 방법

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US5554657A (en) * 1995-05-08 1996-09-10 Shell Oil Company Process for recycling mixed polymer containing polyethylene terephthalate
US6872754B1 (en) * 1999-12-21 2005-03-29 Leon Wortham Method for processing elastomers

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023044699A1 (fr) * 2021-09-24 2023-03-30 The Hong Kong Research Institute Of Textiles And Apparel Limited Procédés de séparation de textiles
US12454508B2 (en) 2022-01-28 2025-10-28 Cap Iii B.V. Process for the recovery of epsilon-caprolactam from polyamide 6 comprising fishing nets
US12435041B2 (en) 2022-01-28 2025-10-07 Cap Iii B. V. Process for the recovery of epsilon-caprolactam from nylon 6 comprising fishing nets
US12371407B2 (en) 2022-01-28 2025-07-29 Cap Iii B.V. Process for the recovery of epsilon-caprolactam from nylon 6-containing multi-component material
EP4289586A1 (fr) * 2022-06-07 2023-12-13 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. Procédé et installation pour le recyclage de tissus
WO2023237555A1 (fr) * 2022-06-07 2023-12-14 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. Procédé et installation de recyclage de tissu
WO2024013197A1 (fr) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-18 Cap Iii B.V. Procédé de récupération d'epsilon-caprolactame et de polyéther polyuréthane à partir de nylon 6 et de polyéther polyuréthane comprenant des matériaux
WO2024013194A1 (fr) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-18 Cap Iii B.V. Procédé de récupération d'epsilon-caprolactame et de polyéther polyuréthane à partir de polyamide 6 et de polyéther polyuréthane comprenant des matériaux
EP4306585A1 (fr) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-17 Cap Iii B.V. Procédé de récupération d'epsilon-caprolactame et de polyéther polyuréthane à partir de matériaux comprenant du polyamide 6 et du polyéther polyuréthane
WO2024013195A1 (fr) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-18 Cap Iii B.V. Procédé de récupération de spandex et de nylon 6 à partir de matériaux comprenant du spandex et du nylon
CN119546682A (zh) * 2022-07-11 2025-02-28 Cap Iii 有限公司 用于从包括尼龙6和聚醚聚氨酯的材料中回收ε-己内酰胺和聚醚聚氨酯的方法
JP2025522980A (ja) * 2022-07-11 2025-07-17 セーアーペー ドリー ベスローテン ヴェンノーツハップ ナイロン６およびポリエーテルポリウレタン含有材料からのイプシロン－カプロラクタムおよびポリエーテルポリウレタンの回収方法
EP4306584A1 (fr) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-17 Cap Iii B.V. Procédé de récupération d'epsilon-caprolactame et de polyéther polyuréthane à partir de matériaux comprenant du nylon 6 et du polyéther polyuréthane
EP4306586A1 (fr) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-17 Cap Iii B.V. Procédé de récupération de spandex et de nylon à partir de matériaux comprenant du spandex et du nylon
US12473255B2 (en) 2022-07-11 2025-11-18 Hscc Sustainable Venturing B.V. Process for the recovery of epsilon-caprolactam from nylon 6-containing multi-component material
KR102897185B1 (ko) 2022-07-11 2025-12-08 후지안 하이썬 그린 테크놀러지스 컴퍼니 리미티드 스판덱스 및 나일론을 포함하는 재료로부터 스판덱스 및 나일론 6을 회수하는 방법
CN116617993A (zh) * 2023-07-26 2023-08-22 中国科学院过程工程研究所 一种制备多亚甲基多苯基多氨基甲酸甲酯的装置及方法
IT202300019437A1 (it) 2023-09-21 2025-03-21 Re Sport S R L Procedimento per la produzione di fibre tessili
WO2025097116A1 (fr) * 2023-11-02 2025-05-08 Andini Erha Procédés de recyclage chimique de déchets textiles mélangés

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