WO2021018330A1 - Device for separating constituent groups, and method - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for separating constituent groups of a dust/material air stream, comprising in particular degraded blasting agent and/or reusable blasting agent, in particular sandblasting waste and/or 3D printer bed dusts and/or glass bead blasting cleaning residues and/or plastics cleaning dust, comprising a separation region, comprising a swirl chamber through which the dust/material air stream is to be conducted, wherein a slowing and/or swirling of the dust/material air stream can be performed in the swirl chamber, wherein the swirl chamber is delimited by an at least partially surrounding screen means, wherein the screen means is configured so as to allow an in particular lateral passage, driven by negative pressure by a negative pressure means, of degraded blasting agent, in particular constituent groups of specifically lower weight and/or smaller average size than in an adjacent passage chamber running in particular in substantially all-round encircling fashion, and wherein, at a lower region of the swirl chamber, a gravity-driven collection is established in a collecting chamber for a constituent group which can be recycled, comprising in particular reusable blasting agent.

Description

Component group separation apparatus and method

The invention relates to a device for separating constituent groups of a dust / material air flow, according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method for separating one of constituent groups of a dust / material air flow, according to the preamble of claim 11.

It is known, by means of a stationary shaking sieve, into which powder and degraded radiation media waste from 3D laser production and subsequent cleaning by a sandblaster are placed in an upper layer, in order to filter out a certain proportion of material or dispose of it separately.

This only works to a small percentage with a vibrating sieve and is also very complex.

The object of the present invention is to provide a safe and quick device for cutting which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.

The object is achieved by a device for separating constituent groups of a dust / material air flow, including in particular degraded blasting media and / or recyclable blasting media, in particular sandblasting waste and / or 3D printer bed dust and / or glass bead cleaning residues and / or plastic cleaning dust, including a separation area, including a Swirling space, whereby the dust / material air flow is to be passed through, wherein a braking and / or swirling of the dust / material air flow can be carried out in the swirling space, the swirling space being delimited by an at least partially surrounding sieve means,

Confirmation copy wherein the screen means is designed in such a way that it allows a vacuum-driven, in particular lateral, passage of degraded blasting media, in particular component groups that have a specifically lower weight and / or smaller average size, into an adjoining, in particular essentially all-round, passage space, driven by a negative pressure means, and wherein a gravity-driven collection is set up in a collecting space for a returnable constituent group, including in particular reusable blasting media, in a lower region of the swirl space.

The invention enables a reliable and quick separation of component groups so that reuse is possible with regard to necessary recycling and an advantageous cost structure. By means of negative pressure, a mixed, contaminated air flow with dust / material air is separated through a sieve in a closed room, avoiding losses or external contamination. The device offers a passive device with a space after a feed that is enlarged so that good turbulence and separation is given. At the same time, the device is compact with short distances, which leads to considerable energy savings. It can be used advantageously with regard to 3D powder bed dusts / waste, for metal dusts or plastic dusts, sandblasting waste, blasting powder waste, plastic, diamond powder and more. For example, advantageously degraded blasting material can be separated from sand with about 360-420 μm dust particles through a sieve with passage openings of about 100-200 μm, about 40% can be successfully sieved out. Standard powder and degraded radiation media waste from 3D laser production can be cleaned and largely recycled through sieve openings of around 100-200 μm.

It is advantageous if degraded blasting agent can be guided out of the passage space by means of an air flow generated by means of a negative pressure medium, in particular through ducts, to a collecting area. It is advantageous if reusable blasting media collected in the collecting space can be guided out as a returnable constituent group by means of a passed air flow, in particular through ducts to a collecting area, the collecting space arranged in the lower area in particular having an exit area for collected blasting media, which in particular can be closed and / or is to be opened, in particular by means of an adapted float, which is arranged in the collected blasting media.

It is advantageous if an air flow from a passage from the collection area for degraded blasting media is led back to a passage in the lower area of the swirl chamber after filtering with a filter medium, whereby reusable blasting media can be carried along in the air flow.

It is advantageous if the sieve means is arranged essentially vertically, so that constituent groups comprising particles with a higher specific density can be passed downwards and collected, in particular past the baffle plate laterally through openings provided.

It is advantageous if deflection / vane structures are provided in the turbulence space, in particular a baffle plate and / or circumferential, in particular perforated, rebound structures with negative pressure zones, in particular for conducting onto the baffle plate, in particular with a helical structure arranged on an essentially cylindrical screen means. Bounce and guide structures serve to focus the dust / material air flow on the baffle plate.

It is advantageous if the deflection / vane structure in the sense of a stabilization structure with an internal structure and / or an external structure is provided adjacent to the Siebmit tel and / or the screen means is equipped with an electrical ground. Earthing can easily prevent a static charge caused by the stripping and striking particles of the dust / material air flow. It is advantageous if the deflection / guide vane structures have adapted, pronounced means for swirling the dust / material air flow, in particular adapted to an arrangement height, guide vane-shaped, circumferential rebound paths on the deflection structures and / or folding means, in particular elastic, drivable by the air flow , in particular is arranged in an upper region of the sieve means, in particular provided on which the deflection / guide vane structures, whereby a shaking can be exerted on the sieve means, driven by the air flow. The folding means driven by the air flow enable a continuous, safe cleaning effect.

It is advantageous if the turbulence space together with the adjoining passage space is made larger than an inflow area, and / or the inflow area can be attached, in particular adjustable, at different angles with respect to the adjoining passage space. Due to the size ratio of the inflow area and passage space, an advantageous lowering of the speed can be undertaken, whereby an improved separation of particles in the air flow is possible, in particular through the sieve means. By means of a predetermined angle setting and / or curvature of the inflow area, the dust / material air flow can advantageously impinge on different areas of the passage space or be fed in another way, for example to an area in the curvature of the inflow area or an area directly on the sieve means, so that a Cleaning effect can take place through the impact and possibly vibration of the sieve medium by the dust / material air flow.

It is advantageous if several separation areas are connected in series and / or arranged next to one another in parallel. As a result, a multistage trap from large to small can be created, which can represent a wide variety of diameters.

The object is also achieved by a method for separating one of the constituent groups of a dust / material air stream, including in particular degraded blasting media and / or recyclable blasting media, in particular sand Jet waste and / or 3D printer bed dusts / glass bead jet cleaning residues, in particular dust particles up to a diameter of 360-420 μm dust particles, in particular using a device according to one of claims 1 to 10, the dust / material air flow through a separation area comprising a turbulence chamber, is passed through, wherein a deceleration and / or turbulence of the dust / material air flow is carried out in the turbulence chamber, wherein the turbulence chamber is limited by an at least partially surrounding sieve means, wherein the screen means is designed in such a way that there is a By means of a vacuum medium, vacuum-driven, in particular lateral, a passage of degraded blasting media, in particular constituent groups that have specifically lower weight and / or smaller average size, takes place in an adjoining, in particular essentially all-round circumferential passage assraum, and wherein a gravity-driven collection in a Sam melraum for a recyclable constituent group, including in particular reusable blasting media, is set up in a lower area of the swirl chamber.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the claims and the following description, in which exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are explained in more detail in conjunction with the drawings.

Show it:

Fig. 1 a is a schematic, perspective sectional view through a device according to the invention,

1 b shows a side view of a section of the device,

2 shows a sectional view through a device,

Fig. 3a is a perspective external view of a device with Durchleitun conditions,

3b shows a schematic diagram of the course of a dust / material air flow through a device. 1a shows a schematic, perspective sectional illustration through a device 1 according to the invention. The screen structure is shown with screen passage openings 29 that are greatly enlarged in relation to clarify the structure. A device 1 is shown for separating component groups 2 in the sense of particle groups of a dust / material air flow 3, comprising in particular degraded blasting media 6 and / or recyclable blasting media 7, in particular sandblasting waste, 3D printer bed dust and / or glass bead cleaning residues and / or plastic cleaning dust, comprising a separation area 4, comprising a swirl space 5, whereby the dust / material air flow 3 is to be guided through, wherein in the swirl space 5 a deceleration and / or swirl of the dust / material air flow 3 can be carried out, the swirl space 5 being at least partially surrounding screen means 8 is limited, the screen means 8 is designed in such a way, in particular with screen passage openings of about 100-200 mpΊ, that there is a vacuum-driven by means of a vacuum means 13, in particular special lateral, passage of degraded blasting media 7, in particular component groups that specifically lower weight and / or smaller average size, allowed in an adjoining, in particular essentially all-round circumferential, passage space 10, and wherein in a lower area 11 of the swirl space 5 a gravity-driven collection in a collecting space 12 for a recyclable constituent group 14, including in particular reusable blasting media 7, with degraded blasting media 6 being able to be conducted out of the passage space 10 by means of an air flow 27 generated by means of a vacuum medium 13, in particular through ducts 15, to a collecting area 16. Earthing can simply be attached to prevent static charges .

The sieve means can also be cleaned, for example, by means of a reversing air flow and / or a folding means (not shown), in particular elastic, which can be driven in its movement by the air flow, in particular in an upper area 32 of the sieve means 8, in particular provided on the the deflection / guide vane structures 22, whereby propelled by the air ström a shaking can be exerted on the sieve means 8, whereby a continuous Rei nigungseffekt of the sieve means 8 can be exerted.

A filter grid 31 shown in the collecting space 12 can advantageously be used to prevent the larger solid material from flowing through, but can also be left out if necessary.

1 b shows a side view of a section of the device 1.

Fig. 2 shows a sectional view through a device 1, with a screen grid 8 shown schematically, with an exemplary schematic grounding 33 to prevent static charging of the screen grid area by the impacting particles.

3a shows a perspective external view of a device 1 with passages 15 and 18 and material group collecting means, in particular collecting areas 16 and 19 with exemplary vortex cyclone filters.

3b shows a schematic representation of the course of a dust / material air flow 3 through a device 1. In a collecting area 12, heavy material, in particular reusable blasting media 7, for example sandblasting pearls, advantageously collects, which can be regulated by means of a narrower flow, the material advantageously being in a return air can be entered. By means of a vacuum means 13, an air flow can be passed through the device, branched off into a first passage 15, through which degraded blasting media 6 in particular is passed to a collecting area 16, the air flow being able to pass it further and past the lower collecting area 12 is passed over to receive reusable blasting media 7 through a passage 18 to a collection area 19, in which this material is introduced by a deflection. The air stream that is again led out is carried away by the vacuum means 13. REFERENCE LIST

1 device for separating

2 constituent group

3 dust / material air flow

4 separation area

5 swirl space

6 degraded abrasive

7 recyclable abrasives

8 sieve media

10 passage space

1 1 lower area

12 collection area

13 vacuum means

14 traceable constituent group

15 pass-through

16 Collection area

17 airflow

18 pass-through

19 Collection area

20 helical structure

21 Inflow area

22 deflection / rudder structures

23 baffle plate

24 rebound structure

26 airflow

27 airflow

28 Exit area

29 Sieve passage opening 30 opening

31 filter grids

32 upper area

33 Grounding

Claims

EXPECTATIONS 1. Device (1) for separating component groups (2) of a dust / material air flow (3), including in particular degraded blasting media (6) and / or recyclable blasting media (7), in particular sandblasting waste and / or 3D printer bed dusts and / or glass bead cleaning residues and / or plastic cleaning dust, comprising a separation area (4), comprising a swirl space (5), whereby the dust / material air flow (3) is to be passed through, where in the swirl space (5) a deceleration and / or swirling of the dust / material air flow (3) can be carried out, wherein the turbulence space (5) is delimited by an at least partially surrounding sieve means (8), wherein the screen means (8) is designed in such a way that it has a through means of a negative pressure means (13) driven under pressure, in particular a lateral, passage of de-graded beam center! (7), in particular constituent groups that have a specifically lower weight and / or smaller average size than allowed in an adjacent, in particular essentially all-round, passage space (10), and wherein a gravity-driven collection in a collecting chamber (12) for a traceable component group (14), comprising in particular reusable blasting media (7), is set up in a lower region (11) of the turbulence chamber (5). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that degraded blasting media (6) can be guided out of the passage space (10) by means of an air flow (27) generated by means of a vacuum medium (13), in particular through passages (15), to a collecting area ( 16). 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reusable blasting media (7) collected in the collecting space (12) as a returnable component group (14) by means of an air flow (17) guided past, in particular through ducts (18) to a collecting area (19 ) can be led out, wherein the collecting space (12) arranged in the lower area (11) has in particular an exit area (28) for collected blasting media, which can in particular be closed and / or opened, in particular by means of an adapted float, which is in the collected blasting media is arranged. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that an air stream (27) from a passage (15) from the collecting area (16) for degraded blasting media (6) after filtering with a filtering agent back to a passage (18) at the bottom Area (11) of the swirl chamber (5) is to be guided, whereby reusable blasting media (7) can be carried along in the air stream (26). 5. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that sieve means (8) is arranged essentially vertically so that constituent groups comprising particles with a higher specific density are to be passed downwards and collected, in particular on the baffle plate (23) through openings provided (30) sideways. 6. The device according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that in the vortex space deflection / guide vane structures (22) are provided, in particular a baffle plate (23) and / or circumferential, in particular perforated, Abprallstruk structures (24) with negative pressure zones, in particular for Line on the baffle plate (24), in particular with a helical structure (20) arranged on a substantially cylindrical screen means. 7. The device according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the deflection / guide vane structure (22) is provided adjacent to the sieve means (8) in the sense of a stabilization structure with an internal structure and / or an external structure and / or the screen means ( 8) is equipped with an electrical earth (33). 8. The device according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the deflection / guide vane structures (22) have adapted, pronounced means for swirling the dust / material air flow, in particular adapted to an arrangement height, have vane-shaped, circumferential rebound paths on the deflection structures and / or folding means, in particular elastic, drivable by the air flow, in particular in an upper region (32) of the sieve means (8) is arranged, in particular provided on which the deflection / guide vane structures (22), which, driven by the air flow, cause a shaking the sieve means (8) can be exercised. 9. The device according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the turbulence space together with an adjoining passage space (10) is enlarged in relation to an inflow area (21) and / or the inflow area (21) in relation to the adjoining passage space (10) at different angles can be attached, in particular adjustable. 10. The device according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that a plurality of separation areas (4) connected in series and / or arranged next to each other in parallel. 11. A method for separating one of constituent groups (2) of a dust / material air flow (3), including in particular degraded blasting media (6) and / or recyclable blasting media (7), in particular sandblasting waste and / or 3D printer bed dusts and / or glass bead cleaning residues and / or plastic cleaning dust, in particular using a device according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the dust / material air flow (3) is passed through a separation area (4) comprising a turbulence space (5), whereby the dust / material air flow (3) is decelerated and / or swirled in the swirl space (5), wherein the turbulence space (5) is delimited by an at least partially surrounding sieve means (8), whereby the screen means (8) designed in an adapted manner is designed in such a way that it has a particularly lateral passage of degraded blasting media (7), in particular constituent groups that are specifically lower in weight and / or have a smaller average size, driven by a negative pressure means (13) takes place in an adjoining, in particular essentially all-round, passage space (10), and in a lower area (11) of the swirl chamber (5) a heavy-duty collection in a collecting chamber (12) for a traceable component group (14), including in particular reusable blasting media (7).