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WO2021091159A1 - Method for protecting battery pack and device therefor - Google Patents

Method for protecting battery pack and device therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021091159A1
WO2021091159A1 PCT/KR2020/014863 KR2020014863W WO2021091159A1 WO 2021091159 A1 WO2021091159 A1 WO 2021091159A1 KR 2020014863 W KR2020014863 W KR 2020014863W WO 2021091159 A1 WO2021091159 A1 WO 2021091159A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
secondary battery
unit secondary
battery pack
unit
abnormal state
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR2020/014863
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
서관수
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Songuo Motors Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Songuo Motors Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Songuo Motors Co Ltd filed Critical Songuo Motors Co Ltd
Priority to CN202080074053.1A priority Critical patent/CN114600299A/en
Publication of WO2021091159A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021091159A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
    • G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
    • G01R31/3646—Constructional arrangements for indicating electrical conditions or variables, e.g. visual or audible indicators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18—Status alarms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18—Status alarms
    • G08B21/185—Electrical failure alarms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane

Definitions

  • the present invention precisely tracks the voltage change trend for each unit secondary battery cell connected in series and parallel of the battery pack based on the change in the slope of the voltage waveform, and performs a protection operation when an abnormality is observed in the unit secondary battery cell.
  • the protection operation relates to a method of protecting a battery pack and an apparatus for the same, which is performed even if the voltage of the entire battery pack is within a normal range.
  • Such a secondary battery is attracting attention as a new energy source for eco-friendly and energy efficiency enhancement in that it does not generate by-products from the use of energy as well as the primary advantage that it can dramatically reduce the use of fossil fuels.
  • the secondary battery can be repeatedly charged and discharged by an electrochemical reaction between constituent elements, including positive and negative current collectors, separators, active materials, and electrolytes.
  • a lithium polymer secondary battery has an operating voltage of about 3.0V to 4.2V.
  • a plurality of unit secondary battery cells are connected in series and parallel to form a battery pack.
  • these battery packs are algorithms for controlling power supply to driving loads such as motors, measuring electrical characteristic values such as current or voltage, controlling charge/discharge, controlling voltage equalization, and estimating SOC (State Of Charge). It is configured to include a BMS (Battery Management System) that monitors and controls the state of the secondary battery by applying it.
  • BMS Battery Management System
  • a battery protection module PCM
  • BMS battery protection module
  • the post-processing method is performed only when a protection condition occurs based on the operation of the entire battery pack, and thus there is a limit in terms of its efficiency.
  • a voltage change trend for each unit secondary battery cell connected in series or parallel of a battery pack is precisely tracked based on a change in the slope of a voltage waveform, and a protection operation is performed when an abnormality is observed in the unit secondary battery cell.
  • the embodiment of the present invention enables detection and action in advance when an abnormality occurs in some unit secondary battery cells, even if the voltage of the entire battery pack is in the normal range, so that the corresponding battery pack may cause an accident such as explosion or ignition. It provides a method for protecting a battery pack and an apparatus for the same so that the phenomenon proceeding to can be blocked in advance.
  • a voltage change for each unit secondary battery cell connected in series and parallel of the battery pack is individually observed, and a predetermined abnormal state among the unit secondary battery cells is detected. It may include performing a protection operation when the corresponding unit secondary battery cell is observed.
  • the method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include warning a user of the fact when observing the unit secondary battery cell corresponding to the abnormal state.
  • the criterion for determining the abnormal state may be based on a slope of a voltage waveform for each cell of the unit secondary battery.
  • the determination of the abnormal state is to determine a specific unit secondary battery cell in which the slope change of the voltage waveform is different from the slope change of other unit secondary battery cells as an abnormal state, or the slope change according to the voltage drop or rise rate is in advance. It may be a method of determining a unit secondary battery cell larger than a set normal level as an abnormal state.
  • the battery pack protection device includes a cell monitoring unit that individually observes voltage changes of unit secondary battery cells connected in series and parallel of the battery pack, and determines abnormalities of the unit secondary battery cells.
  • a processor that individually determines whether or not the unit secondary battery cells are abnormal based on the observation information of the cell monitoring unit and the preset abnormality determination condition in which the abnormality determination condition is set in advance, and a control signal according to the abnormality determination of the processor It may include a protection processing unit that performs the protection processing operation according to the.
  • the apparatus for protecting a battery pack may further include a warning unit that notifies a user of an abnormal state of the battery pack by operating according to a control signal through determination of an abnormality of the processor.
  • the abnormality determination condition of the processor is a method of comparing the shape of a graph according to a change in the slope of the voltage waveform for each cell of the unit secondary battery, or a voltage drop or rise rate based on a preset normal level for a voltage drop or rise rate. A unit secondary battery cell that appears larger than the normal level may be determined as an abnormal state.
  • a voltage change trend for each unit secondary battery cell connected in series or parallel of a battery pack is precisely tracked based on a change in the slope of a voltage waveform, and a protection operation is performed when an abnormality is observed in the unit secondary battery cell.
  • a protection operation is performed when an abnormality is observed in the unit secondary battery cell.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a case in which a voltage waveform observed for each unit secondary battery cell of a battery pack is in a normal state in a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3 and 4 are diagrams illustrating a state in which an abnormal voltage waveform is observed among unit secondary battery cells of a battery pack in a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a device for protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • module refers to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which may be implemented as hardware or software, or a combination of hardware and software.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 A method and apparatus for protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • step S110 a voltage change for each unit secondary battery cells connected in series and parallel of the battery pack is individually observed.
  • step S120 a protection operation is performed when observing a unit secondary battery cell corresponding to a predetermined abnormal state among the unit secondary battery cells.
  • the criterion for determining the abnormal state may be based on a slope of a voltage waveform for each cell of the unit secondary battery. For example, a specific unit secondary battery cell in which the slope change of the voltage waveform is different from the slope change of other unit secondary battery cells is judged as an abnormal state, or the slope change according to the voltage drop or rise rate is greater than the preset normal level. A method of determining the secondary battery cell as an abnormal state may be used.
  • the welding part for some unit secondary battery cells may drop depending on the manufacturing conditions or usage conditions, and thus, the unit in which the interconnected state is maintained.
  • the voltage drop or increase rate is greater than in the case of a normal state.
  • the electrode and the bus bar of the unit secondary battery cell are repeatedly attached and dropped according to the charging/discharging temperature.
  • the voltage of the corresponding unit secondary battery cell fluctuates.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a case in which a voltage waveform observed for each unit secondary battery cell of a battery pack is in a normal state in a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 and 4 are diagrams illustrating a state in which an abnormal voltage waveform is observed among unit secondary battery cells of a battery pack in a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the voltage waveforms of the secondary battery cells of units 1 and 3 are observed as abnormal conditions
  • the voltage waveforms of the secondary battery cells of units 2, 3, and 5 are It shows an example that is observed in an abnormal state.
  • the protection method of the battery pack according to the present embodiment precisely tracks the slope of the voltage waveform for each unit secondary battery cell and the change thereof, and through this, a unit secondary battery cell in which a voltage waveform of a different slope is observed compared to other unit secondary battery cells. When is found, the protection operation is performed even if the voltage of the entire battery pack is in the normal range.
  • the slope shape is determined in connection with the current value.
  • step S130 when the unit secondary battery cell corresponding to the above-described abnormal state is observed, a step of warning the user of the corresponding fact may proceed.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a device for protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device for protecting the battery pack according to the present embodiment corresponds to the device for performing the method for protecting the battery pack according to FIGS. 1 to 4 described above, and is a configuration that is divided into functions, and the detailed configuration is It is revealed that it can be implemented in various forms through the disclosed technologies.
  • the apparatus for protecting the battery pack according to the present embodiment includes a cell monitoring unit 100, a processor 200, and a protection processing unit 300.
  • the device for protecting the battery pack according to the present embodiment may further include a warning unit 400.
  • the cell monitoring unit 100 functions to individually observe voltage changes of the unit secondary battery cells 11 connected in series and parallel of the battery pack 10.
  • the processor 200 sets an abnormality determination condition for determining an abnormality of the unit secondary battery cells 11 in advance, and based on the observation information of the cell monitoring unit 100 and the predetermined abnormality determination condition, the unit secondary battery cell ( 11) Individually determine whether they are abnormal.
  • the abnormality determination condition of the processor 200 is a method of comparing the shape of a graph according to a change in the slope of the voltage waveform for each unit secondary battery cell 11, or based on a preset normal level for a voltage drop or rise rate. A method of determining the unit secondary battery cell 11 having a voltage drop or increase rate greater than the normal level as an abnormal state may be used.
  • the protection processing unit 300 performs a protection processing operation according to a control signal in response to an abnormality determination of the processor.
  • the warning unit 400 functions to notify a user of an abnormal state of the battery pack 10 by operating according to a control signal through determination of an abnormality of the processor.
  • the method for protecting a battery pack and an apparatus therefor include a voltage change trend for each cell of a unit secondary battery connected in series and parallel of the battery pack.
  • a unit secondary battery cell in which an abnormality is observed is precisely tracked based on the change in slope of the unit, the protection operation is performed and the user can be warned of that fact, and at this time, the voltage of the entire battery pack is within the normal range. Since it is carried out even in the presence of the battery pack, the possibility of occurrence of a problem in the corresponding battery pack can be prevented in advance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for protecting a battery pack and a device therefor, which precisely track, on the basis of changes in the slope of a voltage waveform, a voltage change trend for each serially or parallelly connected unit secondary battery cell of a battery pack, such that, if a unit secondary battery cell in which abnormality is observed occurs, then a protection operation is performed and a user is warned of the occurrence at the same time, and which perform the protection operation even if the voltage of the entire corresponding battery pack is within a normal range, the method for protecting a battery pack, according to the present invention, comprising the steps of: individually observing changes in the voltage of each serially or parallelly connected unit secondary battery cell of a battery pack; and performing a protection operation if a unit secondary battery cell corresponding to a preset abnormal state is observed among unit secondary battery cells. The method further comprises a step for warning a user of the observation, if the unit secondary battery cell corresponding to the abnormal state is observed.

Description

배터리팩의 보호 방법 및 이를 위한 장치Battery pack protection method and device therefor

본 발명은 배터리팩의 직병렬 연결되는 단위 이차전지 셀별 전압 변화 추이를 전압 파형의 기울기 변화를 기반으로 정밀 추적하여 이상이 관측되는 단위 이차전지 셀의 발생 시 보호 동작이 실시됨과 함께 해당 사실을 사용자에게 경고하고, 보호 동작은 해당 배터리팩 전체의 전압이 정상 범위에 있더라도 실시하게 되는 배터리팩의 보호 방법 및 이를 위한 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention precisely tracks the voltage change trend for each unit secondary battery cell connected in series and parallel of the battery pack based on the change in the slope of the voltage waveform, and performs a protection operation when an abnormality is observed in the unit secondary battery cell. And the protection operation relates to a method of protecting a battery pack and an apparatus for the same, which is performed even if the voltage of the entire battery pack is within a normal range.

제품군에 따른 적용 용이성이 높은 동시에 높은 에너지 밀도 등의 전기적 특성을 가지는 이차전지는 휴대용 기기뿐만 아니라 전기적 구동원에 의하여 구동하는 전기 자동차(EV, Electric Vehicle)나 하이브리드 자동차(HEV, Hybrid Electric Vehicle) 등에 보편적으로 응용되고 있다.Secondary batteries with high ease of application and high energy density according to the product range are not only used in portable devices, but are also widely used in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid vehicles (HEVs) driven by an electric drive source. It is being applied as.

이러한 이차전지는 화석 연료의 사용을 획기적으로 감소시킬 수 있다는 일차적인 장점뿐만 아니라 에너지의 사용에 따른 부산물이 전혀 발생되지 않는다는 점에서 친환경 및 에너지 효율성 제고를 위한 새로운 에너지원으로 주목 받고 있다.Such a secondary battery is attracting attention as a new energy source for eco-friendly and energy efficiency enhancement in that it does not generate by-products from the use of energy as well as the primary advantage that it can dramatically reduce the use of fossil fuels.

이차전지는 양극 및 음극 집전체, 세퍼레이터, 활물질, 전해액 등을 포함하여 구성 요소들 간의 전기화학적 반응에 의하여 반복적인 충방전이 가능하다. 일 예로서, 리튬 폴리머 이차전지의 경우 약 3.0V∼4.2V의 동작 전압을 가진다.The secondary battery can be repeatedly charged and discharged by an electrochemical reaction between constituent elements, including positive and negative current collectors, separators, active materials, and electrolytes. As an example, a lithium polymer secondary battery has an operating voltage of about 3.0V to 4.2V.

따라서 전기 자동차 등에 적용되는 고출력 배터리팩을 얻기 위해 복수의 단위 이차전지 셀(cell)을 직병렬 연결하여 배터리팩을 구성한다.Accordingly, in order to obtain a high-power battery pack applied to an electric vehicle, a plurality of unit secondary battery cells are connected in series and parallel to form a battery pack.

그리고 이러한 배터리팩은 모터 등의 구동부하에 대한 전력 공급 제어, 전류 또는 전압 등의 전기적 특성값 측정, 충방전 제어, 전압의 평활화(equalization) 제어, SOC(State Of Charge)의 추정 등을 위한 알고리즘이 적용되어 이차전지의 상태를 모니터링하고 제어하는 BMS(Battery Management System)를 포함하여 구성된다.And these battery packs are algorithms for controlling power supply to driving loads such as motors, measuring electrical characteristic values such as current or voltage, controlling charge/discharge, controlling voltage equalization, and estimating SOC (State Of Charge). It is configured to include a BMS (Battery Management System) that monitors and controls the state of the secondary battery by applying it.

리튬 계열 배터리팩을 예로 부연 설명하면, 리튬 계열 배터릭팩 사용 시 리튬 자체의 불안정성을 제거하기 위해 배터리 보호모듈(PCM) 또는 BMS를 부착하여 사용하게 된다.When a lithium-based battery pack is used as an example, a battery protection module (PCM) or BMS is attached and used to remove the instability of lithium itself when using a lithium-based battery pack.

그러나 복수의 단위 이차전지 셀이 직병렬 연결되어 구성되는 배터리팩의 경우, 그 구조적인 특성상 배터리팩이 정상적으로 동작하는 상황에서는 별다른 보호 동작이 실시되지 않고, 비정상적인 동작을 나타내는 임계값 초과 시에만 보호 동작이 실시됨에 따라, 배터리팩에 대한 보호 기능이 지나치게 수동적인 방식으로 진행되는 측면이 있었다.However, in the case of a battery pack composed of a plurality of unit secondary battery cells connected in series and parallel, due to the structural characteristics of the battery pack, no special protection operation is performed under normal operation of the battery pack, and protection only operates when a threshold indicating abnormal operation is exceeded. As this is implemented, there is an aspect that the protection function for the battery pack proceeds in an excessively passive manner.

다시 말해 배터리팩에 대한 기존 보호 방식의 경우, 배터리팩 전체의 동작을 기준으로 보호 조건이 발생된 경우에 한해 사후 처리 방식으로 진행되고, 따라서 그 효율성의 측면에서 한계가 있었다.In other words, in the case of the existing protection method for the battery pack, the post-processing method is performed only when a protection condition occurs based on the operation of the entire battery pack, and thus there is a limit in terms of its efficiency.

본 발명의 실시 예는 배터리팩의 직병렬 연결되는 단위 이차전지 셀별 전압 변화 추이를 전압 파형의 기울기 변화를 기반으로 정밀 추적하여 이상이 관측되는 단위 이차전지 셀의 발생 시 보호 동작이 실시됨과 함께 해당 사실을 사용자에게 경고하고, 보호 동작은 해당 배터리팩 전체의 전압이 정상 범위에 있더라도 실시하는 배터리팩의 보호 방법 및 이를 위한 장치를 제공한다.According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a voltage change trend for each unit secondary battery cell connected in series or parallel of a battery pack is precisely tracked based on a change in the slope of a voltage waveform, and a protection operation is performed when an abnormality is observed in the unit secondary battery cell. Provides a method for protecting a battery pack and an apparatus for the same, which warns the user of the fact and performs the protection operation even when the voltage of the entire battery pack is within a normal range.

또한, 본 발명의 실시 예는 배터리팩 전체의 전압이 정상 범위에 있더라도, 일부 단위 이차전지 셀에 이상이 발생한 경우 이를 사전에 발견 및 조치할 수 있게 함으로써, 해당 배터리팩이 폭발 내지 발화 등의 사고로 진행되는 현상이 사전에 차단될 수 있도록 하는 배터리팩의 보호 방법 및 이를 위한 장치를 제공한다.In addition, the embodiment of the present invention enables detection and action in advance when an abnormality occurs in some unit secondary battery cells, even if the voltage of the entire battery pack is in the normal range, so that the corresponding battery pack may cause an accident such as explosion or ignition. It provides a method for protecting a battery pack and an apparatus for the same so that the phenomenon proceeding to can be blocked in advance.

본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법은, 배터리팩의 직병렬 연결된 단위 이차전지 셀(cell)별 전압 변화가 개별적으로 관측되는 단계와, 상기 단위 이차전지 셀 중 사전에 설정된 이상 상태에 해당되는 단위 이차전지 셀의 관측 시 보호 동작이 실시되는 단계를 포함할 수 있다.In the method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, a voltage change for each unit secondary battery cell connected in series and parallel of the battery pack is individually observed, and a predetermined abnormal state among the unit secondary battery cells is detected. It may include performing a protection operation when the corresponding unit secondary battery cell is observed.

또한, 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법은, 상기 이상 상태에 해당되는 상기 단위 이차전지 셀의 관측 시 해당 사실을 사용자에게 경고하는 단계를 더 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include warning a user of the fact when observing the unit secondary battery cell corresponding to the abnormal state.

또한, 상기 이상 상태의 판단 기준은 상기 단위 이차전지 셀별 전압 파형의 기울기를 따르는 것일 수 있다.In addition, the criterion for determining the abnormal state may be based on a slope of a voltage waveform for each cell of the unit secondary battery.

또한, 상기 이상 상태의 판단은, 전압 파형의 기울기 변화가 다른 단위 이차전지 셀들의 기울기 변화와 다르게 나타나는 특정의 단위 이차전지 셀을 이상 상태로 판단하거나, 전압 강하 또는 상승률에 따른 기울기 변화가 사전에 설정된 정상 레벨보다 큰 단위 이차전지 셀을 이상 상태로 판단하는 방식일 수 있다.In addition, the determination of the abnormal state is to determine a specific unit secondary battery cell in which the slope change of the voltage waveform is different from the slope change of other unit secondary battery cells as an abnormal state, or the slope change according to the voltage drop or rise rate is in advance. It may be a method of determining a unit secondary battery cell larger than a set normal level as an abnormal state.

그리고 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 장치는, 배터리팩의 직병렬 연결된 단위 이차전지 셀(cell)들의 전압 변화를 개별적으로 관측하는 셀 모니터링부와, 상기 단위 이차전지 셀들의 이상을 판단하기 위한 이상 판별 조건이 사전에 설정되어 상기 셀 모니터링부의 관측 정보 및 기설정된 상기 이상 판별 조건을 기반으로 상기 단위 이차전지 셀들의 이상 여부를 개별적으로 판별하는 프로세서 및 상기 프로세서의 이상 판단에 따른 제어신호에 따라 보호 처리 동작을 수행하는 보호 처리부를 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the battery pack protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cell monitoring unit that individually observes voltage changes of unit secondary battery cells connected in series and parallel of the battery pack, and determines abnormalities of the unit secondary battery cells. A processor that individually determines whether or not the unit secondary battery cells are abnormal based on the observation information of the cell monitoring unit and the preset abnormality determination condition in which the abnormality determination condition is set in advance, and a control signal according to the abnormality determination of the processor It may include a protection processing unit that performs the protection processing operation according to the.

또한, 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 장치는, 상기 프로세서의 이상 판단을 통한 제어신호에 따라 작동하여 상기 배터리팩의 이상 상태를 사용자에게 알리는 경고부를 더 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the apparatus for protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a warning unit that notifies a user of an abnormal state of the battery pack by operating according to a control signal through determination of an abnormality of the processor.

또한, 상기 프로세서의 상기 이상 판별 조건은, 상기 단위 이차전지 셀별 전압 파형의 기울기 변화에 따른 그래프 모양을 상호 비교하는 방식이거나, 전압 강하 또는 상승률에 대한 사전 설정된 정상 레벨을 기준으로 전압 강하 또는 상승률이 상기 정상 레벨보다 크게 나타나는 단위 이차전지 셀을 이상 상태로 판단하는 방식일 수 있다.In addition, the abnormality determination condition of the processor is a method of comparing the shape of a graph according to a change in the slope of the voltage waveform for each cell of the unit secondary battery, or a voltage drop or rise rate based on a preset normal level for a voltage drop or rise rate. A unit secondary battery cell that appears larger than the normal level may be determined as an abnormal state.

본 발명의 실시 예에 따르면, 배터리팩의 직병렬 연결되는 단위 이차전지 셀별 전압 변화 추이가 전압 파형의 기울기 변화를 기반으로 정밀 추적되어 이상이 관측되는 단위 이차전지 셀의 발생 시 보호 동작이 실시됨과 함께 해당 사실이 사용자에게 경고될 수 있고, 보호 동작은 해당 배터리팩 전체의 전압이 정상 범위에 있더라도 실시됨에 따라, 해당 배터리팩의 문제 발생 소지가 미연에 차단될 수 있게 된다.According to an embodiment of the present invention, a voltage change trend for each unit secondary battery cell connected in series or parallel of a battery pack is precisely tracked based on a change in the slope of a voltage waveform, and a protection operation is performed when an abnormality is observed in the unit secondary battery cell. Together, the fact may be warned to the user, and as the protection operation is performed even if the voltage of the entire battery pack is within the normal range, the possibility of a problem occurring in the corresponding battery pack may be blocked in advance.

또한, 배터리팩 전체의 전압이 정상 범위에 있더라도, 일부 단위 이차전지 셀에 이상이 발생한 경우 이를 사전에 발견 및 조치하게 됨으로써, 해당 배터리팩이 폭발 내지 발화 등의 사고로 진행되는 현상이 사전에 차단될 수 있게 된다.In addition, even if the voltage of the entire battery pack is within the normal range, if an abnormality occurs in some unit secondary battery cells, it is detected and corrected in advance, thereby preventing the occurrence of accidents such as explosion or ignition in the battery pack in advance. Can be.

도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법을 예시한 플로우챠트1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention

도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법에서 배터리팩의 단위 이차전지 셀별 관측되는 전압 파형이 정상 상태인 경우를 예시한 도면FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a case in which a voltage waveform observed for each unit secondary battery cell of a battery pack is in a normal state in a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

도 3 및 도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법에서 배터리팩의 단위 이차전지 셀 중 이상 전압 파형이 관측되는 상태를 예시한 도면3 and 4 are diagrams illustrating a state in which an abnormal voltage waveform is observed among unit secondary battery cells of a battery pack in a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 5는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 장치를 예시한 구성도5 is a block diagram illustrating a device for protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention

이하의 본 발명에 관한 상세한 설명들은 본 발명이 실시될 수 있는 실시 예이고 해당 실시 예의 예시로써 도시된 첨부 도면을 참조한다. 이들 실시 예는 당업자가 본 발명의 실시에 충분하도록 상세히 설명된다. 본 발명의 다양한 실시 예는 서로 다르지만 상호 배타적일 필요는 없음이 이해되어야 한다. 예를 들어, 여기에 기재되어 있는 특정 형상, 구조 및 특성은 일 실시 예에 관련하여 본 발명의 사상 및 범위를 벗어나지 않으면서 다른 실시 예로 구현될 수 있다. 또한, 각각의 기재된 실시 예 내의 개별 구성요소의 위치 또는 배치는 본 발명의 사상 및 범위를 벗어나지 않으면서 변경될 수 있음이 이해되어야 한다.The following detailed descriptions of the present invention are embodiments in which the present invention may be practiced and refer to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrated as examples of the embodiments. These embodiments will be described in detail sufficient for those skilled in the art to practice the present invention. It should be understood that the various embodiments of the present invention are different from each other, but need not be mutually exclusive. For example, specific shapes, structures, and characteristics described herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention in relation to one embodiment. In addition, it should be understood that the location or arrangement of individual components in each described embodiment may be changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

따라서 후술되는 상세한 설명은 한정적인 의미로서 취하려는 것이 아니며, 본 발명의 범위는 적절하게 설명된다면 그 청구항들이 주장하는 것과 균등한 모든 범위와 더불어 첨부된 청구항에 의해서만 한정된다. 도면에서 유사한 참조부호는 여러 측면에 걸쳐서 동일하거나 유사한 기능을 지칭한다.Accordingly, the detailed description to be described below is not intended to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims, along with all scopes equivalent to those claimed by the claims, if appropriately described. Like reference numerals in the drawings refer to the same or similar functions over several aspects.

본 발명에서 사용되는 용어는 본 발명에서의 기능을 고려하면서 가능한 현재 널리 사용되는 일반적인 용어들을 선택하였으나, 이는 당 분야에 종사하는 기술자의 의도 또는 판례, 새로운 기술의 출현 등에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 또한, 특정한 경우는 출원인이 임의로 선정한 용어도 있으며, 이 경우 해당되는 발명의 설명 부분에서 상세히 그 의미를 기재할 것이다. 따라서 본 발명에서 사용되는 용어는 단순한 용어의 명칭이 아닌, 그 용어가 가지는 의미와 본 발명의 전반에 걸친 내용을 토대로 정의되어야 한다.The terms used in the present invention have been selected from general terms that are currently widely used while considering functions in the present invention, but this may vary according to the intention or precedent of a technician working in the field, the emergence of new technologies, and the like. In addition, in certain cases, there are terms arbitrarily selected by the applicant, and in this case, the meaning of the terms will be described in detail in the description of the corresponding invention. Therefore, the terms used in the present invention should be defined based on the meaning of the term and the overall contents of the present invention, not a simple name of the term.

발명에서 전체에서 어떤 부분이 어떤 구성요소를 “포함”한다고 할 때, 이는 특별히 반대되는 기재가 없는 한, 다른 구성요소를 제외하는 것이 아니라 다른 구성요소를 더 포함할 수 있음을 의미한다. 또한, 명세서에 기재된 “…부”,　＂…모듈“ 등의 용어는 적어도 하나의 기능이나 동작을 처리하는 단위를 의미하며, 이는 하드웨어 또는 소프트웨어로 구현되거나 하드웨어와 소프트웨어의 결합으로 구현될 수 있다.In the present invention, when a part "includes" a certain component in the whole, it means that other components may be further included rather than excluding other components unless otherwise stated. In addition, “… Wealth”, 　＂… The term “module” refers to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which may be implemented as hardware or software, or a combination of hardware and software.

도 1 내지 도 5를 참조하여 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법 및 이를 위한 장치에 대해 설명한다.A method and apparatus for protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

먼저, 도 1 내지 도 4를 참조하여 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법에 대해 설명한다.First, a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법을 예시한 플로우챠트이다.1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도시된 바와 같이, 단계(S110)에서, 배터리팩의 직병렬 연결된 단위 이차전지 셀(cell)별 전압 변화가 개별적으로 관측된다.As shown, in step S110, a voltage change for each unit secondary battery cells connected in series and parallel of the battery pack is individually observed.

단계(S120)에서, 상기 단위 이차전지 셀 중 사전에 설정된 이상 상태에 해당되는 단위 이차전지 셀의 관측 시 보호 동작이 실시된다.In step S120, a protection operation is performed when observing a unit secondary battery cell corresponding to a predetermined abnormal state among the unit secondary battery cells.

여기서, 상기 이상 상태의 판단 기준은 상기 단위 이차전지 셀별 전압 파형의 기울기를 따르는 것일 수 있다. 예로써, 전압 파형의 기울기 변화가 다른 단위 이차전지 셀들의 기울기 변화와 다르게 나타나는 특정의 단위 이차전지 셀을 이상 상태로 판단하거나, 전압 강하 또는 상승률에 따른 기울기 변화가 사전에 설정된 정상 레벨보다 큰 단위 이차전지 셀을 이상 상태로 판단하는 방식이 사용될 수 있다.Here, the criterion for determining the abnormal state may be based on a slope of a voltage waveform for each cell of the unit secondary battery. For example, a specific unit secondary battery cell in which the slope change of the voltage waveform is different from the slope change of other unit secondary battery cells is judged as an abnormal state, or the slope change according to the voltage drop or rise rate is greater than the preset normal level. A method of determining the secondary battery cell as an abnormal state may be used.

부연 설명하면, 다수의 단위 이차전지 셀이 직병렬 연결된 구조의 배터리팩은 그 제작 조건 또는 사용 조건에 따라 일부 단위 이차전지 셀에 대한 용접 부위가 떨어질 수 있고, 이로 인해 상호 연결 상태가 유지되는 단위 이차전지 셀에만 충전 및 방전이 이루어지게 되면서, 연결이 끊긴 단위 이차전지 셀의 경우 전압 강하 또는 상승률이 정상 상태인 경우보다 크게 나타나게 된다.To further explain, in a battery pack having a structure in which a plurality of unit secondary battery cells are connected in series and parallel, the welding part for some unit secondary battery cells may drop depending on the manufacturing conditions or usage conditions, and thus, the unit in which the interconnected state is maintained. As charging and discharging are performed only in the secondary battery cells, in the case of the disconnected unit secondary battery cells, the voltage drop or increase rate is greater than in the case of a normal state.

또한, 이와 다른 예로써, 진동 등으로 인해 버스바에 접점 불량이 발생된 단위 이차전지 셀의 경우, 충/방전 온도에 따라 해당 단위 이차전지 셀의 전극 및 버스바가 붙었다 떨어지기를 반복하게 되고, 이에 따라 해당 단위 이차전지 셀의 전압이 출렁이게 된다.In addition, as another example, in the case of a unit secondary battery cell in which a contact failure occurs on the bus bar due to vibration, etc., the electrode and the bus bar of the unit secondary battery cell are repeatedly attached and dropped according to the charging/discharging temperature. The voltage of the corresponding unit secondary battery cell fluctuates.

도 2 내지 도 4를 참조하면, 도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법에서 배터리팩의 단위 이차전지 셀별 관측되는 전압 파형이 정상 상태인 경우를 예시한 도면이다.2 to 4, FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a case in which a voltage waveform observed for each unit secondary battery cell of a battery pack is in a normal state in a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

그리고 도 3 및 도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법에서 배터리팩의 단위 이차전지 셀 중 이상 전압 파형이 관측되는 상태를 예시한 도면이다.3 and 4 are diagrams illustrating a state in which an abnormal voltage waveform is observed among unit secondary battery cells of a battery pack in a method of protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

즉, 도 3의 경우 ①번 및 ③번 단위 이차전지 셀의 전압 파형이 이상 상태로 관측되는 상태를 예시한 것이며, 도 4의 경우 ②번,③번 및 ⑤번 단위 이차전지 셀의 전압 파형이 이상 상태로 관측되고 있는 예를 나타낸 것이다.That is, in the case of Fig. 3, the voltage waveforms of the secondary battery cells of units ① and ③ are observed as abnormal conditions, and in the case of Fig. 4, the voltage waveforms of the secondary battery cells of units ②, ③, and ⑤ are It shows an example that is observed in an abnormal state.

본 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법은 이러한 단위 이차전지 셀별 전압 파형의 기울기와 그 변화를 정밀하게 추적하고, 이를 통해 다른 단위 이차전지 셀들에 비해 다른 기울기의 전압 파형이 관측되는 단위 이차전지 셀을 발견 시, 해당 배터리팩 전체의 전압은 정상 범위에 있더라도 보호 동작이 실시되게 하는 것이다.The protection method of the battery pack according to the present embodiment precisely tracks the slope of the voltage waveform for each unit secondary battery cell and the change thereof, and through this, a unit secondary battery cell in which a voltage waveform of a different slope is observed compared to other unit secondary battery cells. When is found, the protection operation is performed even if the voltage of the entire battery pack is in the normal range.

그리고 전기 자동차 내지 하이브리드 자동차 등의 경우, 해당 차량의 실제 환경에서는 지속 충전, 지속 방전의 조건이 아니므로, 전류값과 연계하여 기울기 모양을 판단하게 된다.In the case of an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, since the conditions of continuous charging and sustained discharge are not in the actual environment of the vehicle, the slope shape is determined in connection with the current value.

다시 도 1로 돌아가서, 단계(S130)에서, 상술한 이상 상태에 해당되는 단위 이차전지 셀의 관측 시 해당 사실을 사용자에게 경고하는 단계가 진행될 수 있다.Returning to FIG. 1 again, in step S130, when the unit secondary battery cell corresponding to the above-described abnormal state is observed, a step of warning the user of the corresponding fact may proceed.

다음은 도 5를 참조하여 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 장치를 설명한다.Next, an apparatus for protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 5.

도 5는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 장치를 예시한 구성도이다.5 is a block diagram illustrating a device for protecting a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

설명에 앞서, 본 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 장치는 상술한 도 1 내지 도 4에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법을 수행하기 위한 장치에 해당되며, 이를 기능 중심으로 구분한 구성이고, 세부 구성은 공개된 기술들을 통해 여러 다양한 형태로 구현될 수 있음을 밝혀 둔다.Prior to the description, the device for protecting the battery pack according to the present embodiment corresponds to the device for performing the method for protecting the battery pack according to FIGS. 1 to 4 described above, and is a configuration that is divided into functions, and the detailed configuration is It is revealed that it can be implemented in various forms through the disclosed technologies.

도시된 바와 같이, 본 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 장치는 셀 모니터링부(100), 프로세서(200) 및 보호 처리부(300)를 포함하여 구성된다. 또한, 본 실시 예에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 장치는 경고부(400)를 더 포함하여 구성될 수 있다.As shown, the apparatus for protecting the battery pack according to the present embodiment includes a cell monitoring unit 100, a processor 200, and a protection processing unit 300. In addition, the device for protecting the battery pack according to the present embodiment may further include a warning unit 400.

셀 모니터링부(100)는 배터리팩(10)의 직병렬 연결된 단위 이차전지 셀(11)들의 전압 변화를 개별적으로 관측하는 기능을 한다.The cell monitoring unit 100 functions to individually observe voltage changes of the unit secondary battery cells 11 connected in series and parallel of the battery pack 10.

프로세서(200)는 단위 이차전지 셀(11)들의 이상을 판단하기 위한 이상 판별 조건이 사전에 설정되어 셀 모니터링부(100)의 관측 정보 및 기설정된 상기 이상 판별 조건을 기반으로 단위 이차전지 셀(11)들의 이상 여부를 개별적으로 판별한다. 여기서, 프로세서(200)의 상기 이상 판별 조건은, 단위 이차전지 셀(11)별 전압 파형의 기울기 변화에 따른 그래프 모양을 상호 비교하는 방식이거나, 전압 강하 또는 상승률에 대한 사전 설정된 정상 레벨을 기준으로 전압 강하 또는 상승률이 상기 정상 레벨보다 크게 나타나는 단위 이차전지 셀(11)을 이상 상태로 판단하는 방식이 사용될 수 있다.The processor 200 sets an abnormality determination condition for determining an abnormality of the unit secondary battery cells 11 in advance, and based on the observation information of the cell monitoring unit 100 and the predetermined abnormality determination condition, the unit secondary battery cell ( 11) Individually determine whether they are abnormal. Here, the abnormality determination condition of the processor 200 is a method of comparing the shape of a graph according to a change in the slope of the voltage waveform for each unit secondary battery cell 11, or based on a preset normal level for a voltage drop or rise rate. A method of determining the unit secondary battery cell 11 having a voltage drop or increase rate greater than the normal level as an abnormal state may be used.

보호 처리부(300)는 프로세서의 이상 판단에 따른 제어신호에 따라 보호 처리 동작을 수행한다.The protection processing unit 300 performs a protection processing operation according to a control signal in response to an abnormality determination of the processor.

경고부(400)는 프로세서의 이상 판단을 통한 제어신호에 따라 작동하여 배터리팩(10)의 이상 상태를 사용자에게 알리는 기능을 한다.The warning unit 400 functions to notify a user of an abnormal state of the battery pack 10 by operating according to a control signal through determination of an abnormality of the processor.

상술한 도 1 내지 도 5를 참조한 설명을 통하여 알 수 있는 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 배터리팩의 보호 방법 및 이를 위한 장치는, 배터리팩의 직병렬 연결되는 단위 이차전지 셀별 전압 변화 추이가 전압 파형의 기울기 변화를 기반으로 정밀 추적되어 이상이 관측되는 단위 이차전지 셀의 발생 시 보호 동작이 실시됨과 함께 해당 사실이 사용자에게 경고될 수 있게 하고, 이때 보호 동작은 해당 배터리팩 전체의 전압이 정상 범위에 있더라도 실시되므로, 해당 배터리팩의 문제 발생 소지가 미연에 차단될 수 있게 한다.As can be seen through the description with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 above, the method for protecting a battery pack and an apparatus therefor according to the present invention include a voltage change trend for each cell of a unit secondary battery connected in series and parallel of the battery pack. When a unit secondary battery cell in which an abnormality is observed is precisely tracked based on the change in slope of the unit, the protection operation is performed and the user can be warned of that fact, and at this time, the voltage of the entire battery pack is within the normal range. Since it is carried out even in the presence of the battery pack, the possibility of occurrence of a problem in the corresponding battery pack can be prevented in advance.

또한, 배터리팩 전체의 전압이 정상 범위에 있더라도, 일부 단위 이차전지 셀에 이상이 발생한 경우 이를 사전에 발견 및 조치할 수 있게 함으로써, 해당 배터리팩이 폭발 내지 발화 등의 사고로 진행되는 현상이 사전에 차단될 수 있게 한다.In addition, even if the voltage of the entire battery pack is within the normal range, if an abnormality occurs in some unit secondary battery cells, it is possible to detect and take measures in advance, thereby preventing the phenomenon that the battery pack proceeds to an accident such as explosion or ignition. To be blocked.

이상과 같이 본 설명에서는 구체적인 구성 요소 등과 같은 특정 사항들과 한정된 실시 예 및 도면에 의해 설명되었으나, 이는 본 발명의 보다 전반적인 이해를 돕기 위해서 제공된 것일 뿐, 본 발명은 상기의 실시 예에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 본 발명이 속하는 분야에서 통상적인 지식을 가진 자라면 이러한 기재로부터 다양한 수정 및 변형이 가능하다.As described above, in the present description, specific matters such as specific components, etc., and limited embodiments and drawings have been described, but this is provided only to help a more general understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is limited to the above embodiments. No, various modifications and variations are possible from these descriptions by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs.

따라서 본 발명의 사상은 설명된 실시 예에 국한되어 정하여 저서는 안되며, 후술되는 청구범위뿐만 아니라 이 청구범위와 균등하거나 등가적인 변형이 있는 모든 것들은 본 발명 사상의 범주에 속한다고 할 것이다.Therefore, the spirit of the present invention is limited to the described embodiments and should not be written, and all things having equivalent or equivalent modifications to the claims as well as the claims to be described later belong to the scope of the inventive concept.

Claims (7)

배터리팩의 직병렬 연결된 단위 이차전지 셀(cell)별 전압 변화가 개별적으로 관측되는 단계;Individually observing a voltage change for each unit secondary battery cells connected in series and parallel of the battery pack; 상기 단위 이차전지 셀 중 사전에 설정된 이상 상태에 해당되는 단위 이차전지 셀의 관측 시 보호 동작이 실시되는 단계를 포함하는 배터리팩의 보호 방법.And performing a protection operation when observing a unit secondary battery cell corresponding to a predetermined abnormal state among the unit secondary battery cells. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 이상 상태에 해당되는 상기 단위 이차전지 셀의 관측 시 해당 사실을 사용자에게 경고하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리팩의 보호 방법.And warning a user of the fact when the unit secondary battery cell corresponding to the abnormal state is observed. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 이상 상태의 판단 기준은 상기 단위 이차전지 셀별 전압 파형의 기울기를 따르는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리팩의 보호 방법.The criterion for determining the abnormal state is according to a slope of a voltage waveform for each cell of the unit secondary battery. 제 3 항에 있어서,The method of claim 3, 상기 이상 상태의 판단은, 전압 파형의 기울기 변화가 다른 단위 이차전지 셀들의 기울기 변화와 다르게 나타나는 특정의 단위 이차전지 셀을 이상 상태로 판단하거나, 전압 강하 또는 상승률에 따른 기울기 변화가 사전에 설정된 정상 레벨보다 큰 단위 이차전지 셀을 이상 상태로 판단하는 방식인 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리팩의 보호 방법.The determination of the abnormal state is to determine a specific unit secondary battery cell in which the slope change of the voltage waveform differs from the slope change of other unit secondary battery cells as an abnormal state, or the slope change according to the voltage drop or rise rate is set in advance. A method of protecting a battery pack, characterized in that in a method of determining a unit secondary battery cell larger than the level as an abnormal state. 배터리팩의 직병렬 연결된 단위 이차전지 셀(cell)들의 전압 변화를 개별적으로 관측하는 셀 모니터링부;A cell monitoring unit that individually observes voltage changes of unit secondary battery cells connected in series and parallel of the battery pack; 상기 단위 이차전지 셀들의 이상을 판단하기 위한 이상 판별 조건이 사전에 설정되어 상기 셀 모니터링부의 관측 정보 및 기설정된 상기 이상 판별 조건을 기반으로 상기 단위 이차전지 셀들의 이상 여부를 개별적으로 판별하는 프로세서; 및A processor in which an abnormality determination condition for determining abnormality of the unit secondary battery cells is set in advance and individually determining whether or not abnormality of the unit secondary battery cells is abnormal based on observation information of the cell monitoring unit and the predetermined abnormality determination condition; And 상기 프로세서의 이상 판단에 따른 제어신호에 따라 보호 처리 동작을 수행하는 보호 처리부를 포함하는 배터리팩의 보호 장치.Protection device for a battery pack comprising a protection processing unit for performing a protection processing operation according to a control signal according to the abnormality determination of the processor. 제 5 항에 있어서,The method of claim 5, 상기 프로세서의 이상 판단을 통한 제어신호에 따라 작동하여 상기 배터리팩의 이상 상태를 사용자에게 알리는 경고부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리팩의 보호 장치.And a warning unit notifying a user of an abnormal state of the battery pack by operating according to a control signal through determination of an abnormality of the processor. 제 5 항에 있어서,The method of claim 5, 상기 프로세서의 상기 이상 판별 조건은, 상기 단위 이차전지 셀별 전압 파형의 기울기 변화에 따른 그래프 모양을 상호 비교하는 방식이거나, 전압 강하 또는 상승률에 대한 사전 설정된 정상 레벨을 기준으로 전압 강하 또는 상승률이 상기 정상 레벨보다 크게 나타나는 단위 이차전지 셀을 이상 상태로 판단하는 방식인 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리팩의 보호 장치.The abnormality determination condition of the processor is a method of comparing the shape of a graph according to a change in the slope of the voltage waveform for each cell of the unit secondary battery, or the voltage drop or rise rate is normal based on a preset normal level for the voltage drop or rise rate. A protection device for a battery pack, characterized in that in a method of determining a unit secondary battery cell that appears larger than a level as an abnormal state.
PCT/KR2020/014863 2019-11-07 2020-10-29 Method for protecting battery pack and device therefor Ceased WO2021091159A1 (en)

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