WO2021088443A1 - Method for producing solar cell module and solar cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing a solar cell module and the solar cell module. The present invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaics. A solar cell is split to obtain a plurality of slices, wherein the slice comprises a newly created surface (101); the newly created surface of the slice is coated with a passivation material (102); the passivation material on the newly created surface is laser-heated to form a passivation film on the newly created surface (103); and the solar cell module (104) is manufactured on the basis of the slice comprising the passivation film. Hydrogen atoms or other ions are introduced into the newly created surface through the passivation film to form an ionic bond or a hydrogen bond to chemically passivate a dangling bond of the newly created surface, or negative fixed charges are introduced into the newly created surface through the passivation film and inhibit diffusion of minority carriers to the surface of a silicon substrate, such that recombination of the minority carriers is prevented, the short-circuit current is increased and the output power of the solar cell module is improved. A heating area is convenient to control through laser heating, and the output power of the solar cell module is improved favorably.

Description

Solar cell module production method and solar cell module

This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is 201911090496.5, and the invention title is "Solar cell module production method and solar cell module" on November 8, 2019. The entire content is incorporated herein by reference. Applying.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of solar photovoltaic technology, in particular to a solar cell module production method and solar cell module.

Background technique

When the conversion efficiency of the solar cells is constant, the solar cell modules are packaged in series and parallel after splitting the solar cells, which can increase the power generation output of the solar cell modules, and thus has a broad application prospect.

At present, in the production process of solar cell modules, a laser beam is usually used to scribe the solar cell to a certain depth along the position to be split, and then mechanical force is used to break it along the scribing position to obtain multiple slices, which are directly based on the slicing. Solar cell components.

In the above-mentioned solar cell module production method: the new surface during the splitting process has defects due to the thermal influence of laser scribing and mechanical stress. After the sunlight is irradiated, the photo-generated carriers in the solar cell module are likely to form a short circuit along the new surface, which is harmful to the solar energy. The performance of the battery module causes a large adverse effect and reduces the output power of the solar battery module.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a method for producing a solar cell module and a solar cell module, aiming to solve the problem of low output power of the solar cell module.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar cell module production method, including:

Obtain several slices of the solar cell lobes; the slices include newly formed surfaces;

Smear passivation material on the new surface of the slice;

Laser heating the passivation material on the new surface to generate a passivation film on the new surface;

The solar cell module is produced based on the slice containing the passivation film.

Optionally, before applying a passivation material on the fresh surface of the slice, the method further includes:

Make passivating materials based on passivating agents and solvents, or make passivating materials based on passivating agents, solvents and adhesives.

Optionally, the passivation agent includes: aluminum oxide, (aluminum oxide) x (titanium oxide) 1-x alloy, passivation glass powder, disulfide compound, silicon phthalocyanine, gallium oxide, tin dioxide, 2 , At least one of 2-bipyridine, 4,4-bipyridine, o-phenanthroline, and perfluorosulfonic acid-polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer;

The solvent includes: at least one of isopropanol, butyl carbitol, butyl carbitol acetate, and terpineol;

The binder includes at least one of ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, or cellulose acetate butyrate.

Optionally, the passivation glass powder is: a mixture of lead oxide with a mass ratio of 50 to 80%, silicon dioxide with a mass ratio of 5 to 20%, and aluminum oxide with a mass ratio of 2 to 20%; The average particle size of the passivated glass powder is less than 4 microns.

Optionally, in the case where the passivation material includes: passivation glass powder, butyl carbitol, and ethyl cellulose, the mass part of the passivation glass powder in the passivation material is 1 -2.5, the mass part corresponding to the sum of the butyl carbitol and the ethyl cellulose is: 1;

In the sum of the butyl carbitol and the ethyl cellulose: the mass ratio of the butyl carbitol to the ethyl cellulose is: 100: (1 to 3).

Optionally, in the case that the passivation agent includes: (aluminum oxide) x (titanium oxide) 1-x alloy, the production of the passivation material based on the passivation agent and solvent includes:

Sol-gel processing the alumina to obtain the first colloid;

Sol-gel processing the titanium oxide to obtain the second colloid;

The first colloid, the second colloid and the solvent are mixed, and the mixed colloid is ultrasonically dispersed to form the passivation material.

Optionally, the mass ratio of the aluminum element to the titanium element in the passivation agent is greater than 3:1.

Optionally, the applying passivation material on the fresh surface of the slice includes at least one of the following steps:

Atomizing and smearing the passivation material on the new surface of the slice;

Brushing the passivation material on the new surface of the slice;

Coating the passivation material on the fresh noodle stick of the slice;

Inkjet coating the passivation material on the new surface of the slice.

Optionally, in the case where the passivation agent includes passivation glass powder, the temperature of the laser heating is 600-900°C;

In the case that the passivation agent does not include passivation glass powder, the temperature of the laser heating is 200-250°C.

Optionally, the laser heating the passivation material on the new surface to generate a passivation film on the new surface includes:

A laser beam is used to vertically irradiate the passivation material on the new surface to generate a passivation film on the new surface.

Optionally, the pair of solar cell splits to obtain several slices includes:

Scribing grooves are respectively provided at both ends of the solar cell; the two opposite scribing grooves are collinear in a straight line;

Heating the connecting part between the two scribe grooves on the straight line;

After cooling the heated connecting part, the connecting part ruptures along the straight line, and the lobes obtain several slices.

Optionally, the heating temperature is 200-300°C; the depth of the scribe groove is less than or equal to half of the thickness of the solar cell.

Optionally, the laser heating the passivation material on the new surface to generate a passivation film on the new surface includes:

In an oxygen environment, laser heating of the passivation material on the newly formed surface generates a passivation film on the newly formed surface.

Optionally, the wavelength of the laser is 300nm to 1100nm, the output power of the laser emitting the laser is 5-25w; the pulse frequency of the laser emitted by the laser is 1-20 times per second.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a solar cell module, which is produced by any one of the aforementioned methods.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a solar cell module production equipment, the solar cell module production equipment comprising: an interface, a bus, a memory and a processor, the interface, the memory and the processor are connected through the bus The memory is used to store an executable program, and the processor is configured to run the executable program to implement the steps of the solar cell module production method described in any one of the foregoing.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium, wherein an executable program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the executable program is executed by a processor to implement any of the aforementioned items. The steps of the solar cell module production method described.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of slices are obtained from the solar cell splits; the slices include newly formed faces; the passivation material is applied to the newly formed faces of the slices; the passivation material on the newly formed faces is laser heated, The new surface generates a passivation film; and a solar cell module is produced based on the slice containing the passivation film. In the prior art, the newly formed surface during the splitting process has defects due to the thermal influence of laser scribing and mechanical stress. After the sunlight is irradiated, the photogenerated carriers in the solar cell module easily form a short circuit along the newly formed surface. The main reason is: the newly formed surface Dangling bonds, surface damage, or adsorption of impurities, etc., make the new surface easy to become the recombination center of minority carriers. In this application, the passivation material is applied to the new surface of the slice, and the passivation material on the new surface is laser-heated to form a passivation film on the new surface. The passivation film introduces hydrogen atoms or other ions into the new surface to form ionic bonds or hydrogen. The bond chemically passivates the dangling bonds of the new surface, or, through the passivation film, a negative fixed charge is introduced into the new surface. The negative fixed charge inhibits the diffusion of minority carriers to the surface of the silicon substrate, thereby preventing minority carriers Recombination, increase the short-circuit current to increase the output power of the solar cell module. In addition, the laser heating facilitates the control of the heating area, which can avoid heating of other areas except the new surface, reducing the heat-affected area, and helping to increase the output power of the solar cell module.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

Figure 1 shows a flow chart of the steps of a method for producing a solar cell module in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 shows a flow chart of the steps of a solar cell split in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a scribing groove in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a solar cell in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 shows a flow chart of the steps of another method for producing solar cell modules in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 shows a flow chart of the steps of making a passivation material in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell module production equipment in an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of drawing number:

1-Solar cell, 11-scribing slot, 12-connection part between two opposite scribing slots, 70-back cover material, 71-interface, 72-processor, 73-memory, 74-bus.

Specific embodiment

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for producing a solar cell module in an embodiment of the present invention.

Step 101: Obtain several slices of the solar cell splits; the slices include newly formed surfaces.

In the embodiment of the present invention, several slices can be obtained by splitting the solar cell by mechanical stress or laser. The specific number of slices obtained by the lobes is not specifically limited. Each slice obtained from the lobes includes the new surface. The new surface is the fracture surface during the slicing process of the solar cell lobes. The new surface is prone to dangling bonds, surface damage or adsorption of impurities, etc. In the embodiment of the present invention, this is not specifically limited.

In the embodiment of the present invention, optionally, refer to FIG. 2, which shows a flow chart of the steps of a solar cell split in an embodiment of the present invention. The specific step 101 mentioned above may include:

In step 1011, scoring grooves are respectively provided at both ends of the solar cell; the two opposing scoring grooves are collinear in a straight line.

Step 1012, heating the connecting part between the two scribe grooves on the straight line.

Step 1013, cooling the heated connecting part, the connecting part ruptures along the straight line, and the lobes obtain several slices.

Specifically, scoring grooves can be provided only at both ends of the solar cell, and the two opposing scoring grooves are collinear in a straight line. Heating the connecting part between the two scribe grooves on the straight line, cooling the heated connecting part, the connecting part is automatically split along the straight line due to the stress generated by the cold and hot changes in temperature, and several slices are obtained. That is, only scoring grooves are provided at both ends of the solar cell, and no scoring groove is provided between the two opposing scoring grooves, so that the solar cell is less damaged and low-loss splits are realized.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the length of the above-mentioned scribing groove is not specifically limited. For example, the length of the scribing groove may be one-tenth of the length of the solar cell. The connecting part between the two scribing grooves on the heating line can be heated by laser reciprocating heating the connecting part between the two scribing grooves on the straight line. The use of laser heating is convenient to control the laser to reduce the heating of other parts except the connecting part. Influence of thermal stress. Optionally, the heating temperature of the connecting part between the two scribe grooves on the heating straight line can be controlled at 200-300°C. This temperature range not only facilitates the subsequent passage of the thermal stress cracks, but also has a greater thermal impact on the connecting part. small.

In the embodiment of the present invention, optionally, the depth of the above-mentioned scoring groove is less than or equal to half of the thickness of the solar cell, that is, the scoring groove does not completely cut through the solar cell, but only cuts half or more of the thickness of the solar cell. Small, the damage to the solar cell is less, and it is conducive to splitting.

Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a scribing groove in an embodiment of the present invention. The scoring grooves 11 are only provided at both ends of the solar cell 1, and the two opposing scoring grooves 11 are collinear on a straight line L1. The connecting portion 12 between the two scribe grooves 11 on the heating straight line L1 is shown by the dotted line in Fig. 3. The connecting portion 12 is cooled and heated, and the connecting portion 12 is caused by the stress caused by the temperature change. It splits automatically along the straight line L1, and several slices are obtained.

Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a solar cell in an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the depth h1 of the scribe groove 11 is less than or equal to half of the thickness h2 of the solar cell 1.

Step 102: Apply a passivation material on the fresh surface of the slice.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a passivation material can be applied to the new surface of the slice. The passivation material can generate a passivation film at a certain temperature.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the passivation material is applied to the new surface of the slice, and after the passivation material on the new surface is subsequently heated, the passivation material will generate a passivation film on the new surface through which hydrogen atoms are introduced into the new surface. Or other ions form ionic bonds or hydrogen bonds to chemically passivate the dangling bonds of the new surface, or, through the passivation film, a negative fixed charge is introduced into the new surface, and the negative fixed charge inhibits minority carriers from going to the surface of the silicon substrate. Diffusion prevents the recombination of minority carriers and increases the short-circuit current to increase the output power of the solar cell module.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the above step 102 may include at least one of the following steps: spraying the passivation material on the fresh surface of the slice; brushing the passivation material on the fresh surface of the slice Passivation material; apply the passivation material on the newly formed surface of the slice; ink-jet paint the passivation material on the newly formed surface of the slice.

Specifically, the above-mentioned passivation material can be smeared on the new surface of the slice by means of atomization smearing. The specific heating passivation material is sprayed on the new surface of the slice by atomization. The amount of passivation material sprayed on the new surface can be controlled by controlling the atomization concentration, the distance between the new surface and the atomized spraying, and the nozzle time. It is also possible to apply the passivation material on the new surface of the slice manually or mechanically by brushing. Bar coating can also be used to apply the above passivation material on the new surface of the slice. It is also possible to use inkjet coating to apply the above passivation material on the new surface of the slice. In the embodiment of the present invention, this is not specifically limited. The above-mentioned method of applying passivation materials can basically realize automatic brushing, continuous production, and high production efficiency. Moreover, the above-mentioned smearing methods such as atomized smearing, stick smearing, inkjet smearing, etc. can achieve precise smearing without blunt The chemical material is applied to other areas except the new surface to avoid waste.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the amount of passivation material smeared on the fresh surface can be controlled by controlling the smearing speed and smearing time. In the embodiment of the present invention, this is not specifically limited.

Step 103, laser heating the passivation material on the new surface to generate a passivation film on the new surface.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the passivation material on the new surface can be laser heated to generate a passivation film on the new surface. The laser heating facilitates the control of the heating area, which can avoid the heating of other areas except the new surface, reduce the heat-affected area, and help increase the output power of the solar cell module. The new surface of the slice can be directed toward the laser, and the laser directly irradiates the new surface, thereby reducing the heat-affected area as much as possible.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the heating temperature and the heating wavelength may be set according to different specific settings of the passivation material and the heating temperature and the heating wavelength, etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

Optionally, during the laser heating process, the laser wavelength may be 300nm to 1100nm, the output power of the laser emitting laser may be 5-25w, and the pulse frequency of the laser emitted by the laser may be 1-20 times per second. The above-mentioned laser can quickly heat the passivation material without causing much thermal impact on the slicing, which is beneficial to increase the output power of the solar cell module. In the embodiment of the present invention, an elliptical laser spot or a line laser spot can be used to heat the passivation material, so as to focus the laser on the area that needs to be heated, and other areas are affected as little as possible by heat.

For example, a combination of lasers containing green light and infrared light wavelengths may be used to emit laser light. For example, a combination of a 532nm laser and an 800nm laser may be used to emit laser light.

In the embodiment of the present invention, optionally, a laser beam may be used to vertically irradiate the passivation material on the new surface to form a passivation film on the new surface. That is, the laser beam is used to irradiate the passivation material of the new surface vertically, and then the laser is focused on the area that needs to be heated, and the other areas are affected as little as possible by the heat.

Step 104: Fabricate a solar cell module based on the slice containing the passivation film.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a slice containing the above-mentioned passivation film can be used to produce a solar cell module through processes such as typesetting and lamination. The type and the like of the solar cell module are not specifically limited.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the passivation material is applied to the new surface of the slice, and the passivation material on the new surface is laser-heated to form a passivation film on the new surface. The passivation film introduces hydrogen atoms or other ions into the new surface to form ionic bonds or The hydrogen bond chemically passivates the dangling bonds of the new surface, or, through the passivation film, a negative fixed charge is introduced into the new surface. The negative fixed charge inhibits the diffusion of minority carriers to the surface of the silicon substrate, thereby preventing minority carriers Sub-combination to increase the short-circuit current to increase the output power of the solar cell module. In addition, the laser heating facilitates the control of the heating area, which can avoid heating of other areas except the new surface, reducing the heat-affected area, and helping to increase the output power of the solar cell module.

In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 shows a flow chart of another method for producing a solar cell module in an embodiment of the present invention.

Step 201: Obtain several slices of the solar cell splits; the slices include newly formed surfaces.

In the embodiment of the present invention, this step 201 can refer to the aforementioned step 101, and in order to avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

In step 202, a passivation material is produced based on a passivator and a solvent, or a passivation material is produced based on a passivator, a solvent, and an adhesive.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the passivation material can be produced by heating the passivation agent in a solvent. Alternatively, a passivating agent, adhesive, etc. are added to the solvent to produce a passivation material.

Optionally, the passivating agent may include: aluminum oxide, (aluminum oxide) x (titanium oxide) 1-x alloy, passivation glass powder, disulfide compound, silicon phthalocyanine, gallium oxide, tin dioxide, 2, At least one of 2-bipyridine, 4,4-bipyridine, o-phenanthroline, and perfluorosulfonic acid-polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer. The aforementioned x may be an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Optionally, the solvent may include: at least one of isopropanol, butyl carbitol, butyl carbitol acetate, and terpineol.

Optionally, the binder may include at least one of ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, or cellulose acetate butyrate.

The passivation material formed by the above material is heated by laser to generate a passivation film. The passivation film introduces hydrogen atoms or other ions into the new surface to form ionic bonds or hydrogen bonds to chemically passivate the dangling bonds of the new surface, or the passivation The film introduces a negative fixed charge in the new surface, which inhibits the diffusion of minority carriers to the surface of the silicon substrate, thereby preventing the recombination of minority carriers, increasing the short-circuit current, and increasing the output power of the solar cell module.

Optionally, the above-mentioned passivation glass powder is: a mixture composed of lead oxide with a mass ratio of 50 to 80%, silicon dioxide with a mass ratio of 5 to 20%, and aluminum oxide with a mass ratio of 2 to 20%; the passivation The average particle size of the glass powder is less than 4 microns. The passivation glass powder of the above material has good chemical stability, etc., and the passivation glass powder of this particle size is not only easy to manufacture, but also facilitates uniform application in the subsequent, and is easy to form a uniform, smooth, and pinhole-free passivation film.

For example, the passivation glass powder may be a mixture composed of 70% by mass of lead oxide, 15% by mass of silica, and 15% by mass of aluminum oxide.

_{Specifically, the SiO 2} in the glass passivation powder can improve the chemical stability of the glass. PbO in glass passivation powder also has good chemical stability. _{The Al 2} O ₃ in the glass passivation powder has a high dielectric constant and good chemical corrosion resistance. Glass powder passivated Al ₂ O ₃ is similar to the negative charge effect B ₂ O ₃ has excellent ability to migrate blocking Na +, Na + in the glass frit so that the passivation mobility than the main component is SiO ₂ glass for about Six orders of magnitude lower. _{The Al 2} O ₃ in the glass passivation powder has a negative fixed charge, and the passivation effect is produced by the field effect generated by the fixed charge. _{For example, by forming a passivation film composed of an Al 2} O ₃ film with a negative fixed charge on the surface of a P-type silicon substrate, the diffusion of electrons as minority carriers to the surface of the silicon substrate can be suppressed, and the carrier can be prevented. The recombination of currents increases the short-circuit current.

_{At the same time, the negative charge effect of Al 2} O ₃ in the glass passivation powder is similar to that of B ₂ O ₃ , which has an excellent ability to block the migration of Na+, and can greatly block the Na+ in the cover glass used in the subsequent lamination process. Migrate toward the silicon substrate, thereby inhibiting the diffusion of electrons as minority carriers to the surface of the silicon substrate, preventing carrier recombination, increasing short-circuit current, and improving the stability of the solar cell module.

When the passivation material includes: passivation glass powder, butyl carbitol, ethyl cellulose, the mass parts of the passivation glass powder in the passivation material can be 1-2.5, butyl carbitol and The mass part corresponding to the sum of the two ethyl cellulose can be: 1. In the sum of butyl carbitol and ethyl cellulose: the mass ratio of butyl carbitol to ethyl cellulose can be: 100: (1 to 3). The viscosity of the passivation material of the above ratio and material is good for smearing, and the passivation of the passivation film is good.

For example, when the passivation material includes: passivation glass powder, butyl carbitol, ethyl cellulose, the mass parts of the passivation glass powder in the passivation material can be 100 parts, and the butyl carbitol The mass parts corresponding to the sum of both alcohol and ethyl cellulose may be 50 parts. In the sum of 50 parts of butyl carbitol and ethyl cellulose: the mass fraction of butyl carbitol can be 49 parts, and the mass fraction of ethyl cellulose can be 1 part.

In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6, FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of the steps of making a passivation material in an embodiment of the present invention. In the case where the passivation agent includes: (aluminum oxide) x (titanium oxide) 1-x alloy, the above step 202 may include:

In step 2021, the alumina is processed by a sol-gel method to obtain a first colloid.

Step 2022, sol-gel processing the titanium oxide to obtain a second colloid.

Step 2023, mixing the first colloid, the second colloid and the solvent, and ultrasonically dispersing the mixed colloid to form the passivation material.

Specifically, alumina can be processed by a sol-gel method to obtain a first colloid, and titanium oxide can be processed by a sol-gel method to obtain a second colloid. The first colloid, the second colloid and the solvent are mixed, and the mixed colloid is ultrasonically dispersed to form a uniform passivation material.

In the embodiment of the present invention, optionally, when the passivation agent includes: (aluminum oxide) x (titanium oxide) 1-x alloy, the mass ratio of aluminum element to titanium element in the passivation agent is greater than 3: 1. It is easy to produce a uniform, smooth, and pinhole-free passivation film, and the passivation effect is better.

Step 203: Apply a passivation material on the fresh surface of the slice.

This step 203 can refer to the above step 102, in order to avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

Step 204, laser heating the passivation material on the newly formed surface in an oxygen environment to generate a passivation film on the newly formed surface.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the above step 204 can refer to the above step 103. It should be noted that in an oxygen environment, laser heating of the passivation material on the new surface can reduce the dangling bonds of the new surface to a greater extent, thereby reducing leakage current . The fixed negative charge density in the sintered passivation film is between +7×10 ¹¹ /cm ² to +15×10 ¹¹ /cm ² , when there is negative charge in the passivation film, a corresponding amount will be induced in the new surface The depletion layer of the new surface continues to expand toward the n region, and the width of the depletion layer in the p+ region narrows toward the n region. Due to the large difference in doping concentration between the p+ region and the n region, the widening width of the n region is far greater Because the width of the p-zone is narrowed, the width of the entire depletion layer is larger than the width of the new surface without charge, which reduces the surface electric field, and the passivation film can effectively block the influence of external impurities and gases, with stable chemical properties and strong Acid and alkali resistance.

In the embodiment of the present invention, optionally, when the passivation agent includes passivation glass powder, the temperature of the laser heating is 600-900°C. In the case that the passivation agent does not include the passivation glass powder, the laser heating temperature is 200-250°C. In the case where the passivating agent includes passivation glass powder, since SiO ₂ in the passivation glass powder has a higher molding temperature, a higher heating temperature is required. However, due to the use of laser heating, only the new surface is heated, and the other areas are not heated, so the heating effect can be limited as much as possible to a small range. In the case that the passivation agent does not include the passivation glass powder, the laser heating temperature is 200-250°C, the heating temperature is small, and the heating effect is small.

Step 205: Fabricate a solar cell module based on the slice containing the passivation film.

This step 205 can refer to the above step 104, and in order to avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the passivation material is applied to the new surface of the slice, and the passivation material on the new surface is laser-heated to form a passivation film on the new surface. The passivation film introduces hydrogen atoms or other ions into the new surface to form ionic bonds or The hydrogen bond chemically passivates the dangling bonds of the new surface, or, through the passivation film, a negative fixed charge is introduced into the new surface. The negative fixed charge inhibits the diffusion of minority carriers to the surface of the silicon substrate, thereby preventing minority carriers Sub-combination to increase the short-circuit current to increase the output power of the solar cell module. In addition, the laser heating facilitates the control of the heating area, which can avoid heating of other areas except the new surface, reducing the heat-affected area, and helping to increase the output power of the solar cell module.

It should be noted that for the method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments of the present application are not limited by the described sequence of actions, because According to the embodiments of the present application, certain steps may be performed in other order or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily required by the embodiments of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a solar cell module, which is produced by the aforementioned solar cell module production method and can achieve the same technical effect. In order to avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell module production equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 7, the solar cell module production equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention may include: an interface 71, a processor 72, a memory 73, and a bus 74; wherein the bus 74 is used to implement the interface 71, the The connection and communication between the processor 72 and the memory 73; the memory 73 stores an executable program, and the processor 72 is configured to execute the executable program stored in the memory 73, so as to realize as shown in Fig. 1, Figure 2, Figure 5, Figure 6, or the steps of solar cell module production, and can achieve the same or similar effects, in order to avoid repetition, will not be repeated here.

The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores one or more executable programs, and the one or more executable programs can be executed by one or more processors to realize As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 5, Figure 6, or the steps of solar cell module production, and can achieve the same or similar effects, in order to avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

The embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. The above-mentioned specific embodiments are only illustrative and not restrictive. Those of ordinary skill in the art are Under the enlightenment of the present invention, many forms can be made without departing from the purpose of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, and these all fall within the protection of the present invention.

Claims (15)

A method for producing solar cell modules, which is characterized in that it comprises: Obtain several slices of the solar cell lobes; the slices include newly formed surfaces; Smear passivation material on the new surface of the slice; Laser heating the passivation material on the new surface to generate a passivation film on the new surface; The solar cell module is produced based on the slice containing the passivation film. The method according to claim 1, wherein before applying a passivation material on the fresh surface of the slice, the method further comprises: Make passivating materials based on passivating agents and solvents, or make passivating materials based on passivating agents, solvents and adhesives. The method according to claim 2, wherein the passivation agent comprises: aluminum oxide, (aluminum oxide) x (titanium oxide) 1-x alloy, passivation glass powder, dithioene compound, silicon phthalocyanine , At least one of gallium oxide, tin dioxide, 2,2-bipyridine, 4,4-bipyridine, o-phenanthroline, perfluorosulfonic acid-polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer; The solvent includes: at least one of isopropanol, butyl carbitol, butyl carbitol acetate, and terpineol; The binder includes at least one of ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, or cellulose acetate butyrate. The method according to claim 3, wherein the passivation glass powder is: lead oxide with a mass ratio of 50 to 80%, silicon dioxide with a mass ratio of 5 to 20%, and a mass ratio of 2 to 20%. The average particle size of the passivated glass powder is less than 4 microns. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, in the case that the passivation material comprises: passivation glass powder, butyl carbitol, ethyl cellulose, the passivation material in the passivation material The mass parts of the glass powder is 1-2.5, and the corresponding mass parts of the sum of the butyl carbitol and the ethyl cellulose is: 1; In the sum of the butyl carbitol and the ethyl cellulose: the mass ratio of the butyl carbitol to the ethyl cellulose is: 100: (1 to 3). The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, in the case that the passivation agent comprises: (aluminum oxide) x (titanium oxide) 1-x alloy, the passivation material is made based on the passivation agent and solvent ,include: Sol-gel processing the alumina to obtain the first colloid; Sol-gel processing the titanium oxide to obtain the second colloid; The first colloid, the second colloid and the solvent are mixed, and the mixed colloid is ultrasonically dispersed to form the passivation material. The method according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum element to the titanium element in the passivation agent is greater than 3:1. The method according to claim 1, wherein the applying passivation material on the new surface of the slice comprises at least one of the following steps: Atomizing and smearing the passivation material on the new surface of the slice; Brushing the passivation material on the new surface of the slice; Coating the passivation material on the fresh noodle stick of the slice; Inkjet coating the passivation material on the new surface of the slice. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, in the case where the passivation agent includes passivation glass powder, the temperature of the laser heating is 600-900°C; In the case that the passivation agent does not include passivation glass powder, the temperature of the laser heating is 200-250°C. The method according to claim 1, wherein the laser heating the passivation material on the newly formed surface to generate a passivation film on the newly formed surface comprises: A laser beam is used to vertically irradiate the passivation material on the new surface to generate a passivation film on the new surface. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, obtaining a plurality of slices by splitting the solar cell includes: Scribing grooves are respectively provided at both ends of the solar cell; the two opposite scribing grooves are collinear in a straight line; Heating the connecting part between the two scribe grooves on the straight line; After cooling the heated connecting part, the connecting part ruptures along the straight line, and the lobes obtain several slices. The method according to claim 11, wherein the heating temperature is 200-300°C; the depth of the scribe groove is less than or equal to half of the thickness of the solar cell. The method according to claim 1, wherein the laser heating the passivation material on the new surface to generate a passivation film on the new surface comprises: In an oxygen environment, laser heating of the passivation material on the newly formed surface generates a passivation film on the newly formed surface. The method according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the laser is 300nm to 1100nm, the output power of the laser emitting the laser is 5-25w; the pulse frequency of the laser emitted by the laser is 1-20 Times per second. A solar cell module, characterized in that the solar cell module is produced by the method of any one of claims 1-14.

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