WO2021074245A1 - Elektromagnetischer energiewandler - Google Patents
Elektromagnetischer energiewandler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021074245A1 WO2021074245A1 PCT/EP2020/078948 EP2020078948W WO2021074245A1 WO 2021074245 A1 WO2021074245 A1 WO 2021074245A1 EP 2020078948 W EP2020078948 W EP 2020078948W WO 2021074245 A1 WO2021074245 A1 WO 2021074245A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ferromagnetic element
- energy converter
- ferromagnetic
- magnetic
- permanent magnet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
- H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/04—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving coil systems and stationary magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/44—Magnetic coils or windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/04—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the material used for insulating the magnetic circuit or parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1869—Linear generators; sectional generators
- H02K7/1876—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
- H01H2239/076—Key stroke generating power
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electromagnetic energy converter for a radio switch or for electronic control devices.
- radio switches or control devices can send information by radio over short distances (typically less than 200 meters range in buildings and less than 20 km range outside of buildings).
- Such devices include, in particular, radio switches, radio buttons, remote controls and other radio signal transmitters that are stimulated to transmit radio signals by manual actuation or mechanical movement of objects.
- the electrical energy is advantageously obtained from the mechanical actuation itself in order to enable maintenance-free operation without changing batteries or periodic battery charging.
- electromechanical energy converters are used, which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, store it for a short time and thus enable the devices to operate independently of energy.
- this object is achieved by an electromagnetic energy converter of the type described below. Further advantageous configurations and developments are disclosed in the patent claims.
- the electromagnetic energy converter is intended in particular for a radio switch.
- the energy converter has magnetic components for generating a magnetic circuit.
- the magnetic components include at least one permanent magnet and at least one ferromagnetic element.
- the energy converter has at least one electrical coil.
- the permanent magnet and / or the ferromagnetic element can each be moved between two extreme positions.
- the movement of the permanent magnet and / or the ferromagnetic element between the extreme positions leads to a reversal of direction of a magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit.
- the magnetic flux is at least partially enclosed by the coil. This has the technical effect that electrical energy is induced in the coil.
- At least one of the extreme positions of the permanent magnet and / or the ferromagnetic element configured as a non-contact extreme position at which at least two of the magnetic components do not touch. This means that in the contactless extreme position a distance is formed between at least two of the magnetic components, so that there is no direct contact or no direct contact between the two magnetic components. This has the technical effect that the magnetic circuit is completely closed at at least one point via non-ferromagnetic matter.
- at least one other extreme position is also designed as a contactless extreme position of the type explained. In these embodiments there are therefore at least two contactless extreme positions. In further alternative embodiments, all extreme positions are contactless extreme positions.
- “Touching" the magnetic components herein means direct touching or direct contact between the magnetic components without interposing or interim storage or intercoupling of other substances.
- a non-contact extreme position is configured in at least one of the extreme positions of the permanent magnet and / or the ferromagnetic element. At this contactless extreme position, at least two of the magnetic components do not touch each other, so that the magnetic circuit is completely closed at at least one point via non-ferromagnetic matter.
- one or more other extreme positions are configured in this at least one of the extreme positions of the permanent magnet and / or the ferromagnetic element, which differ from the contactless extreme position and at which at least two of the magnetic components are in contact.
- the ferromagnetic element and the permanent magnet can be moved relative to one another.
- the ferromagnetic element and the permanent magnet are fixed relative to one another, but configured to be movable with respect to other magnetic components and / or to the coil of the energy converter.
- only the ferromagnetic element is movable between the two extreme positions, which leads to a reversal of the direction of the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit.
- only the permanent magnet is movable between the two extreme positions, which leads to a reversal of the direction of the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit.
- both the ferromagnetic element and the permanent magnet are in each case between the two extreme positions (two extreme positions of the ferromagnetic element and two extreme positions of the permanent magnet), which leads to a reversal of the direction of the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit.
- the (at least one) non-contact extreme position is formed by an air gap between the two magnetic components that are not in contact.
- the air gap thus forms a distance between the non-touching magnetic components in a simple manner.
- the magnetic circuit also remains closed through the air gap, with a magnetic flux taking place through the air gap, although the two non-touching magnetic components are completely non-contacting at the non-contact extreme position.
- the (at least one) non-contact extreme position is formed by a non-ferromagnetic material (other than air) which is at least partially arranged between the two non-contacting magnetic components.
- the non-ferromagnetic material is a plastic, for example.
- the non-ferromagnetic material thus at least partially fills a distance between the non-touching magnetic components in such a way that the magnetic components are completely non-contacting at the non-contact extreme position.
- the magnetic circuit remains closed even in this configuration, with a magnetic flux taking place through the non-ferromagnetic material.
- At least one contactless extreme position is formed by an air gap and at least one other non-contact extreme position through a non-ferromagnetic material.
- the movement is a rotary movement about an axis of rotation with a defined angle of rotation.
- the angle of rotation defines the extreme positions.
- the configuration of the movement as a rotary movement applies to the
- the angle of rotation advantageously defines a circle segment ⁇ 360 °, the outer limits of which are the two extreme positions of the permanent magnet or the ferromagnetic element.
- a rotary movement allows a movement about an axis of rotation or suspension or bearing point of the permanent magnet and / or the ferromagnetic element, whereby a compact design can be realized.
- the angle of rotation is less than 30 °, in particular less than 10 °, in particular between 1 ° and 10 °. This enables a particularly compact or flat design of the energy converter because only small or small movements are carried out.
- the energy converter also has a spring element which is force-coupled to the ferromagnetic element and / or to the permanent magnet.
- a spring force can be generated for releasing the ferromagnetic element and / or the permanent magnet from one of the two extreme positions against a magnetic holding force.
- the spring element causes the movable magnetic components to be pretensioned, with at If the magnetic holding force is exceeded, the movable magnetic components snap suddenly from the assumed extreme position to the other extreme position, which results in a particularly rapid reversal of the direction of the magnetic flux. This strong change in the magnetic flux in a very short time causes a particularly high induction of electrical energy in the coil and improves the energy conversion.
- the ferromagnetic element is set up as the first ferromagnetic element, the magnetic components including a second ferromagnetic element.
- the first ferromagnetic element has a base section and two legs formed thereon and is magnetically coupled to the coil at the base section.
- the second ferromagnetic element is magnetically coupled to the permanent magnet and extends in a region of the two legs of the first ferromagnetic element.
- the second ferromagnetic element is longer than a distance between the legs of the first ferromagnetic element, as a result of which the second ferromagnetic element at least partially overlaps in a respective overlap area with the legs of the first ferromagnetic element for magnetic coupling.
- the second ferromagnetic element projects on a side facing the base section of the first ferromagnetic element in the respective overlap area towards the base section of the first ferromagnetic element. This skillful shaping of the geometry of the second ferromagnetic element enables an increase in the overlap area of a magnetic coupling and thus an increase in the useful magnetic flux.
- the second ferromagnetic element stands on a side remote from the base section of the first ferromagnetic element in an area beyond the legs of the first ferromagnetic element and has truncated corners in this area.
- This skillful shaping of the geometry of the second ferromagnetic element enables the parasitic magnetic flux to be minimized.
- the truncated corners are, for example, angled or radial corners or corners that are otherwise reduced in area in relation to a right angle.
- the magnetic components include a third ferromagnetic element.
- the third ferromagnetic element is magnetically coupled to the permanent magnet.
- the first ferromagnetic element can be moved between the two extreme positions.
- the first ferromagnetic element strikes in one of the two extreme positions with one of the two legs on the second ferromagnetic element, a distance being formed between the other of the two legs and the third ferromagnetic element.
- the first ferromagnetic element strikes in the other of the two extreme positions with the other of the two legs on the second ferromagnetic element, a distance being formed between the one of the two legs and the third ferromagnetic element.
- the polarity of the first ferromagnetic element is reversed magnetically by alternately striking, ie contacting, one or the other leg on or with the second ferromagnetic element, which in turn is magnetically coupled to the permanent magnet.
- the respective other leg which is spaced apart from the third ferromagnetic element in these two extreme positions of the first ferromagnetic element, thus has a contactless extreme position.
- one limb of the first ferromagnetic element always comes into contact with the second ferromagnetic element in the respective extreme position, while the other limb assumes a non-contact extreme position at a distance from the third ferromagnetic element.
- the third ferromagnetic element extends in an area of the two legs of the first ferromagnetic element, the third ferromagnetic element being shorter than a distance between the legs of the first ferromagnetic element, so that the third ferromagnetic element with the thighs of the first ferromagnetic element does not overlap. In this way, a respective distance between a respective leg of the first ferromagnetic element and the third ferromagnetic element can be constructed in a simple manner.
- the distance between the respective leg and the third ferromagnetic element is implemented by an air gap or by non-ferromagnetic material, in particular of the type explained above. In various embodiments or further developments of the energy converter, a distance is formed between the third ferromagnetic element and the permanent magnet.
- This distance is permanent, i.e. it is formed independently of the extreme positions of the permanent magnet and / or the ferromagnetic element. In some embodiments, this distance is realized by an air gap or by non-ferromagnetic material.
- the above object is achieved according to a further aspect by a radio switch according to patent claim 12.
- the radio switch has an electromagnetic energy converter of the type explained above.
- the electromagnetic energy converter is designed with a spring element which - as explained above for special configurations of the energy converter - is force-coupled to the ferromagnetic element and / or to the permanent magnet, whereby a spring force can be generated by actuating the spring element is for releasing the ferromagnetic element and / or the permanent magnet against a magnetic holding force from one of the two extreme positions.
- the radio switch has a trigger unit which is designed to be movable and is coupled to the spring element of the energy converter for actuating the spring element. In particular, a bistable mode of operation of the radio switch is thereby implemented.
- the trigger element is configured, for example, in such a way that it is located in two different positions, depending on the extreme position in which the movable magnetic components of the energy converter are located.
- the radio switch also has a reset element for resetting the trigger unit into an initial position of the trigger unit.
- the wireless switch has a monostable function.
- the trigger element is configured, for example, in such a way that it is brought from an initial position to a second position and from this position automatically returns to the initial position.
- the monostable mode of operation enables a double reversal of the direction of a magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit of the energy converter and thus a double induction of electrical energy in the coil. In this way, almost double the electrical energy can be obtained with one actuation than with the bistable mode of operation.
- the monostable mode of operation serves, for example, energy-hungry applications of sending complex radio signals and information, while the bistable mode of operation serves less energy-hungry applications, e.g. the pure transmission of a position signal or a switching command.
- the reset element is, for example, a spring or an elastic element.
- the radio switch has one or more sensors for measuring measured variables or measured data of physical parameters from the environment.
- measured variables are air temperature, air humidity, distance to objects in the vicinity, gas concentrations, magnetic fields, accelerations, thermal radiation, soil moisture, air humidity, number of particles in the air, presence of objects, etc. All of the aspects, features, modes of operation and embodiments explained above can be implemented separately from one another or in any combination with one another.
- Figure 1A is a schematic view of an upper side of an exemplary embodiment of an energy converter according to the prior art
- Figure 1B is a schematic side view of the
- FIG. IC shows the energy converter according to FIG. 1B in a second state
- FIG. 2A shows a schematic view of an upper side of a first exemplary embodiment of an energy converter according to the invention
- Figure 2B is a schematic side view of the
- FIG. 2C shows the energy converter according to FIG. 2B in a second state
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an upper side of a second exemplary embodiment of an energy converter according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of an upper side of a third exemplary embodiment of an energy converter according to the invention
- Figures 5 to 8 each schematic views of a
- Figure 9 is a perspective view of a
- FIG. 10 shows an exploded view of the radio switch according to FIG. 9.
- FIG. 1A shows a schematic view of an upper side of such an energy converter.
- the energy converter has a ferromagnetic element 1 which has a base section 11 and legs 10a and 10b formed thereon in a U-shape.
- An electrical coil 9 is magnetically coupled to the ferromagnetic element 1 on the base section 11.
- the electrical coil 9 is wound around the base section 11.
- the coil 9 is set up to apply an electrical voltage to two terminals by magnetic induction provide.
- a spring element 3, which is set up to actuate the energy converter, which is explained in more detail below, is arranged on the right leg 10b.
- the ferromagnetic element 1 is mounted so as to be movable about an axis of rotation A.
- the energy converter also has a second ferromagnetic element 2a.
- the second ferromagnetic element 2a is magnetically coupled to a permanent magnet 8 (see FIGS. 1B and IC) and extends in a region of the two legs 10a and 10b of the first ferromagnetic element 1.
- the second ferromagnetic element 2a is longer than a distance between the legs 10a and 10b of the first ferromagnetic element 1, whereby the second ferromagnetic element 2a partially overlaps in a respective overlap area with the legs 10a and 10b of the first ferromagnetic element 1 for magnetic coupling.
- the energy converter has a third ferromagnetic element 2b (see FIGS. 1B and IC) which is arranged on a side of the permanent magnet 8 opposite the second ferromagnetic element 2a and is magnetically coupled to it.
- the ferromagnetic elements 2a and 2b are magnetically coupled to different magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 8.
- the permanent magnet 8 and the ferromagnetic elements 2a and 2b form a group of magnetic components for generating a magnetic circuit.
- FIGS. 1B and IC each of which is a side view of the Show energy converter in different states.
- the ferromagnetic element 1 is enclosed by the electrically conductive coil 9.
- the magnetic circuit is completed by the ferromagnetic elements 2a and 2b and the permanent magnet 8.
- the first ferromagnetic element 1 touches with its two legs 10a and 10b at two contact points 7 the second and third ferromagnetic elements 2a and 2b magnetized by the permanent magnet 8 (magnetically opposing polarity).
- the leg 10a touches the third ferromagnetic element 2b on the left side at a lower contact point 7, the leg 10b touching the second ferromagnetic element 2a at an upper contact point 7 on the right side.
- a magnetic flux therefore propagates, starting from the permanent magnet 8, through the ferromagnetic elements 2a and 2b in contact therewith, and then passes through the two contact points 7 into the ferromagnetic element 1, where it closes.
- the two contact points 7 enable the magnetic resistance in the magnetic circuit to be reduced, as a result of which a comparatively high magnetic flux can be achieved.
- the two contact points 7 allow a sudden and strong change in the magnetic flux when the contact points 7 open or close, which is explained in more detail below.
- the ferromagnetic element 1 is movably mounted in this exemplary embodiment and can be pivoted about the axis of rotation A (see FIG. 1A) by means of a rotary movement 5 within a predetermined angle of rotation (eg ⁇ 30 ° or ⁇ 10 °).
- the axis of rotation A goes in Figures 1B and IC into the plane of the drawing.
- the ferromagnetic element 1 can be rotated rocker-like by force 4 on the spring element 3 by a certain angle of rotation, whereby the two end positions (extreme positions) shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C can be assumed.
- the ferromagnetic element 1 strikes at the respective contact points 7 with the two legs 10a and 10b alternately at corresponding points on the ferromagnetic elements 2a and 2b. Due to the force 4 acting on the spring element 3, the ferromagnetic element 1 is transferred from the position (the state) in FIG. 1B to the position (the state) in FIG. 1C.
- the rotary movement 5 takes place suddenly due to magnetic holding forces in the contact points 7, the spring element initially being deformed without the ferromagnetic element 1 moving.
- the magnetic holding forces hold the ferromagnetic element 1 in one of the end positions. Only when the force 4 exerted by the spring element 3 exceeds the magnetic holding forces does a sudden flip over into the other end position (extreme position) and two new contact points 7 (see transition from Figure 1B to Figure IC and vice versa) through which the magnetic flux is now directed.
- both end positions (FIGS. 1B and IC) the magnetic flux through the ferromagnetic element 1 is at a maximum, but in each case opposite. This means that the direction of the magnetic flux is reversed, which triggers the intended voltage induction in the electrical coil 9.
- the energy converter according to the principle as shown in Figures 1A to IC has the following disadvantages: Mechanical overdetermination. This comes about through the bearing point (axis of rotation) A of the movable ferromagnetic element 1 and through the two magnetic contact points 7 in each case. Since all three positions are ideally on a straight line, a consistently exact function can only be achieved through extreme precision of the parts and components used. Even very small deviations (tolerances), which are unavoidable in production, have a strong influence on the function of the energy conversion, which ultimately results in a poor production yield (energy conversion).
- the force curve of the movable ferromagnetic element 1 is proportional to the third power of the distance between the contact points 7. Therefore, there are strong changes in force in the border area to these contact points 7. These exacerbate the problem of the high tolerance requirements and lead to magnetic saturation of the ferromagnetic material in the contact points 7, as a result of which the efficiency of the energy conversion decreases. Furthermore, the force peaks occasionally lead to a non-simultaneous detachment of the ferromagnetic element 1 from the respective two contact points 7, which also has a negative effect on the efficiency of the energy conversion.
- the energy converter according to the invention in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2A to 2C comprises the same components as the energy converter according to the embodiment in FIGS. 1A to IC.
- the same components are provided with the same reference symbols, reference being made to the explanations above for matching functionalities.
- the energy converter in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2A to 2C has significant differences in its configuration compared to the energy converter in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1A to IC. These differences are explained below.
- FIGS. 2B and 2C with FIGS. 1B and IC
- the energy converter according to the embodiment in FIGS. 2A to 2C has at the respective end positions, in contrast to the energy converter according to the embodiment in FIGS. 1A to 1C, defined distances 6, 16 at predetermined points between the magnetic components involved in the magnetic circuit.
- FIG. 2B in this end position the ferromagnetic element 1 only touches the upper contact point 7 with its leg 10b on the right-hand side ferromagnetic element 2a.
- the other leg 10a of the ferromagnetic element 1 is on the left-hand side in this end position at a distance 6 from the ferromagnetic element 2b. As can be seen from FIG. 2C, in this end position the ferromagnetic element 1 only touches the ferromagnetic element 2a with its leg 10a on the left side at the upper contact point 7. The other leg 10b of the ferromagnetic element 1 is on the right side in this end position at a distance 6 from the ferromagnetic element 2b.
- a distance 16 is also set up, for example, between the permanent magnet 8 and the ferromagnetic element 2b.
- the distance 16 is omitted or is set up between the permanent magnet 8 and the ferromagnetic element 2a or in each case between the permanent magnet 8 and the ferromagnetic elements 2a and 2b.
- the explained distances 6, 16 are designed as air gaps in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2A to 2C. In alternative embodiments, the gaps are implemented using non-ferromagnetic material that is introduced between the respective magnetic components. Contactless extreme positions of the ferromagnetic element 1 with respect to its leg 10a in FIG. 2B and with respect to its leg 10b in FIG. 2C are realized via the explained distances 6, 16.
- the configuration of the energy converter as shown by way of example in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2A to 2C, has the following advantages:
- the mechanical system is precisely determined. Because the movable ferromagnetic element 1 now only has two instead of three mechanical fixings in the respective end positions (the axis of rotation A and one of the contacting contact points 7), the mechanical system is precisely determined. Small tolerances of the parts and magnetic components, as they are unavoidable in production, can be without loss of function or
- the distances 6 allow the force profile to be linearized. Extreme force gradients in the vicinity of the contact points 7 can be avoided.
- the tendency of the ferromagnetic elements to saturate at the contact points 7 can be reduced.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show a schematic view of an upper side of a second and third exemplary embodiment of an energy converter according to the invention.
- the energy converter in FIGS. 3 and 4 is constructed analogously to the energy converter according to the embodiment in FIGS. 2A to 2C.
- the same components are provided with the same reference symbols, reference being made to the explanations above for matching functionalities.
- the energy converter in the embodiments according to FIGS. 3 and 4 has differences in the geometry of the ferromagnetic element 2a compared to the configuration according to FIGS. 2A to 2C.
- the exemplary embodiment of the ferromagnetic element 2a in FIG. 2A is rectangular, more complex geometries are implemented in the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the overlapping surface portions in a respective overlap area between the legs 10a and 10b of the ferromagnetic element 1 and the ferromagnetic element 2a are enlarged.
- the second ferromagnetic element 2a protrudes towards the base section 11 of the first ferromagnetic element 1 in the respective overlap area on a side facing the base section 11 of the first ferromagnetic element 1.
- the second ferromagnetic element 2a has corresponding projections 12a and 12b for this purpose. This has the advantage that the useful magnetic flux is increased.
- the second ferromagnetic element 2 a is on one of the base section 11 of the first ferromagnetic element 1 remote side in a respective area in which it protrudes beyond the legs 10a and 10b of the first ferromagnetic element 1, reduced in area.
- the area of the second ferromagnetic element 2a is not reduced in the embodiment according to FIG. In this area, rather, a strong magnetic coupling with the permanent magnet 8 is implemented over the largest possible area of the second ferromagnetic element 2a (see the explanations above).
- the advantages of the more complex geometries of the second ferromagnetic element 2a shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4 are thus the ratio of useful magnetic flux (through ferromagnetic element 1) and parasitic magnetic flux (but not all magnetic fluxes emanating from permanent magnet 8 through the ferromagnetic element 1) to optimize. This directly benefits the efficiency of the energy conversion, since parasitic magnetic fields, which do not contribute to induction by the coil but can cause forces, are reduced.
- FIGS. 5 to 8 each show schematic views of an upper side of fourth to seventh exemplary embodiments of an energy converter according to the invention.
- the embodiments of Figures 5 and 6 relate to the design of the overlap areas and the
- Overlapping areas for the magnetic flux between the first ferromagnetic element 1 and the projections 12a and 12b of the second ferromagnetic element 2a are each shown hatched in FIGS. 5 and 6 for clarity. Otherwise, the second ferromagnetic element 2a, as explained in relation to FIG. 4, has angled corners 13a and 13b.
- the areas of overlap between the respective projection 12a and 12b and the respective leg 10a and 10b are designed to be the same or symmetrical in terms of area.
- the second ferromagnetic element 2a is also arranged symmetrically with respect to the two legs 10a and 10b. This represents a difference to an arrangement of the second ferromagnetic element 2a slightly offset to the left with respect to the two legs 10a and 10b according to the embodiments of FIGS. 2A to 2C, 3 and 4.
- Overlapping areas for the magnetic flux in the area of the contact points 7 are essentially responsible for the tear-off forces.
- An asymmetrical design creates an inequality of Tear-off forces compensated in the two directions of movement, which is caused by the one-sided assembly of the spring element 3 in conjunction with the finite rigidity of the construction.
- FIG. 7 and 8 relate to the design with respect to the spring element (s) 3.
- two spring elements 3a and 3b are arranged on opposite sides, that is, on both legs 10a and 10b. This can be particularly advantageous when implementing a bistable concept, since in this case actuating forces on the spring elements 3a and 3b can each act in one direction (e.g. each from below or each from above).
- a spring element 3 is arranged on the left leg 10a and constructed as a leaf spring with a trapezoidal shape.
- the spring element 3 is a heavily stressed component and must survive several million switching cycles in industrial applications of the energy converter.
- a trapezoidal design of the geometry of the spring element 3 has the advantage that the stress is distributed more evenly when the spring element 3 is bent, which results in an increased service life.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show a perspective view and an exploded view of an embodiment of a radio switch 14 according to the invention.
- the radio switch 14 has an energy converter of the type explained above. In this way, the radio switch 14 can be constructed as an energy self-sufficient radio switch 14. While FIGS. 2A to 8 are schematic representations, FIGS. 9 and 10 show views of a specific technical implementation.
- an energy self-sufficient radio switch it makes sense to implement a short-term memory for electrical energy, a voltage converter and radio electronics in the radio switch 14 in addition to the energy converter in a compact module, which has mechanical interfaces for the introduction of force and sensor interfaces with which between several different positions the force introduction can be distinguished.
- FIG. 9 shows the radio switch 14 in the assembled state.
- FIG. 9 shows one of two trigger units 15 via which the energy converter can be triggered.
- FIG. 10 shows the internal structure of the radio switch 14 by way of example and in detail.
- the components 17 and 22 are the respective upper and lower outer housing parts (top 17 and bottom 22).
- the component 23 shows the described electromagnetic energy converter with the spring element 3.
- a circuit board 24 carries at least the components voltage rectification, short-term energy storage, voltage regulator, microcontroller,
- Radio unit and radio antenna 20 In addition to radio antenna 20, a wireless interface 21 is set up for further communication.
- the wireless interface 21 is, for example, an NFC interface.
- sensors 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d are exemplarily designed as conductor tracks on the circuit board 24 and are bridged by the keyboard mat 19, more precisely by its electrically conductive sections 26a to 26d, as soon as a force is exerted on the sensor interfaces 27a to 27d mechanically connected to it acts on the top 17.
- the purpose of these sensors is to implement switches with several actuation interfaces, such as double rocker switches, with which several consumers can be controlled.
- the trigger units 15 are levers which transmit the force when the radio switch 14 is actuated to the spring element 3.
- the restoring element 18 is a second spring element which resets the mechanism to its initial state as soon as the external force decreases again sufficiently.
- a monostable mode of operation is implemented via the reset element 18.
- the resetting element 18 is not present, as a result of which a bistable mode of operation is implemented.
- the monostable mode of operation is shown in FIG. Two spring elements 3 and 18 are always used here.
- the first spring element 3 is used to accelerate the movement of the movable magnetic components of the energy converter 23. It ensures that, regardless of the speed at which the switch is actuated, a consistently rapid movement of the movable magnetic components of the energy converter 23 is ensured.
- the second spring element 18 restores the initial state of the radio switch 14. As long as no external force acts, the radio switch 14 only has a stable position.
- the spring element 18 is omitted in this case.
- the radio switch 14 tilts into the when one of the trigger units 15 is actuated each other of two stable states. The radio switch 14 is only reset when one of the tripping units 15 is actuated again.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20792631.2A EP4046262A1 (de) | 2019-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Elektromagnetischer energiewandler |
| US17/768,070 US12119193B2 (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Electromagnetic energy converter |
| JP2022522383A JP7450293B2 (ja) | 2019-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | 電磁エネルギー変換器 |
| CN202080082180.6A CN114762230A (zh) | 2019-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | 电磁能量转换器 |
| KR1020227015603A KR102765623B1 (ko) | 2019-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | 전자기 에너지 변환기 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019127605.5A DE102019127605A1 (de) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Elektromagnetischer Energiewandler |
| DE102019127605.5 | 2019-10-14 |
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| WO2021074245A1 true WO2021074245A1 (de) | 2021-04-22 |
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| PCT/EP2020/078948 Ceased WO2021074245A1 (de) | 2019-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Elektromagnetischer energiewandler |
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| EP (1) | EP4046262A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP7450293B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR102765623B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN114762230A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019127605A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021074245A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2798924C1 (ru) * | 2022-07-26 | 2023-06-28 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ХАЙТ ПРО ИНЖИНИРИНГ" | Беспроводной кинетический радиовыключатель |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120498164B (zh) * | 2025-07-21 | 2025-09-19 | 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司 | 一种刚度补偿的发电机转子 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080315595A1 (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2008-12-25 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | Stand-Alone Device for Generating Electrical Energy |
| DE102008003596A1 (de) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-07-23 | Panasonic Electric Works Europe Ag | Schalteinrichtung und Verfahren zum Einschalten eines Elektrogeräts |
| EP2264875A1 (de) * | 2003-04-07 | 2010-12-22 | EnOcean GmbH | Elektromagnetischer Energiewandler und Verfahren zum Umwandeln von mechanischer Energie in elektrische Energie |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3394275A (en) * | 1966-02-09 | 1968-07-23 | Fed Electronics Inc | Vibration transducers |
| JPS5970152A (ja) * | 1982-10-15 | 1984-04-20 | ブラウン・ボバリ・ウント・シ−・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | 電子受信・制御装置を有する遠隔操作スイツチ |
| FR2928501B1 (fr) * | 2008-03-04 | 2011-04-01 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Dispositif de generation d'energie a deux parties mobiles |
| FR2971358B1 (fr) * | 2011-02-08 | 2013-07-26 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Dispositif de commutation sans-fil |
| US9571011B2 (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2017-02-14 | National University Corporation Kanazawa University | Power generating element and power generation device |
| CN102938605B (zh) * | 2011-09-21 | 2016-05-18 | 武汉领普科技有限公司 | 跷跷板式双线圈磁发电装置 |
| CN202424477U (zh) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-09-05 | 武汉领普科技有限公司 | 跷跷板式单线圈磁发电装置 |
| JP5954406B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-14 | 2016-07-20 | 富士通株式会社 | 発電装置 |
| JP6479011B2 (ja) | 2013-08-26 | 2019-03-06 | エンホウ リュウ | 自己発電無線スイッチ |
| US9843248B2 (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2017-12-12 | David Deak, SR. | Rocker action electric generator |
| KR102035280B1 (ko) * | 2016-02-04 | 2019-10-22 | 김기삼 | 운동에너지 발전장치 |
| CN106787592A (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳市无电通科技有限公司 | 脉冲发电机电能合成装置及其方法 |
| FR3122049B1 (fr) * | 2021-04-15 | 2023-03-03 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif électromagnétique de conversion d'une énergie mécanique en une énergie électrique |
-
2019
- 2019-10-14 DE DE102019127605.5A patent/DE102019127605A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-10-14 KR KR1020227015603A patent/KR102765623B1/ko active Active
- 2020-10-14 JP JP2022522383A patent/JP7450293B2/ja active Active
- 2020-10-14 CN CN202080082180.6A patent/CN114762230A/zh active Pending
- 2020-10-14 US US17/768,070 patent/US12119193B2/en active Active
- 2020-10-14 EP EP20792631.2A patent/EP4046262A1/de active Pending
- 2020-10-14 WO PCT/EP2020/078948 patent/WO2021074245A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2264875A1 (de) * | 2003-04-07 | 2010-12-22 | EnOcean GmbH | Elektromagnetischer Energiewandler und Verfahren zum Umwandeln von mechanischer Energie in elektrische Energie |
| US20080315595A1 (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2008-12-25 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | Stand-Alone Device for Generating Electrical Energy |
| DE102008003596A1 (de) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-07-23 | Panasonic Electric Works Europe Ag | Schalteinrichtung und Verfahren zum Einschalten eines Elektrogeräts |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2798924C1 (ru) * | 2022-07-26 | 2023-06-28 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ХАЙТ ПРО ИНЖИНИРИНГ" | Беспроводной кинетический радиовыключатель |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20220097903A (ko) | 2022-07-08 |
| JP2022552337A (ja) | 2022-12-15 |
| KR102765623B1 (ko) | 2025-02-12 |
| JP7450293B2 (ja) | 2024-03-15 |
| EP4046262A1 (de) | 2022-08-24 |
| US12119193B2 (en) | 2024-10-15 |
| CN114762230A (zh) | 2022-07-15 |
| US20240096579A1 (en) | 2024-03-21 |
| DE102019127605A1 (de) | 2021-04-15 |
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