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WO2021048186A1 - Agencement et procédé de fabrication de blindage anti-projectiles - Google Patents

Agencement et procédé de fabrication de blindage anti-projectiles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021048186A1
WO2021048186A1 PCT/EP2020/075168 EP2020075168W WO2021048186A1 WO 2021048186 A1 WO2021048186 A1 WO 2021048186A1 EP 2020075168 W EP2020075168 W EP 2020075168W WO 2021048186 A1 WO2021048186 A1 WO 2021048186A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
armor
casing
armor elements
arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2020/075168
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kari NEULANIEMI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tactical Design And Testing Services Oy
Original Assignee
Tactical Design And Testing Services Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tactical Design And Testing Services Oy filed Critical Tactical Design And Testing Services Oy
Priority to EP20771264.7A priority Critical patent/EP4028712A1/fr
Publication of WO2021048186A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021048186A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F41H5/0421—Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F41H5/0428—Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement and a method for manufacturing a ballistic armor, and more particularly to an arrangement and a method for arranging armor elements into a casing.
  • Ballistic protection concerns protection against kinetic energy or pressure caused by projectiles such as bullets, gravity bombs, rockets etc.
  • Ballistic armor works by de creasing the energy density of the projectiles, for example by affecting the shape or position of the projectile, by breaking the projectile and/or by decelerating the veloc ity of the projectile.
  • Ballistic armor against pressure caused by ammunition works by absorbing or directing the energy of the shock wave.
  • a ballistic armor may be produced of almost any material when the mass is sufficient enough. However, especially land, sea and air vehicles benefit when the armor is as light as possible, and further when the armor works as the load bearing structure. Often there is also a requirement for the armor to fit into a small space, i.e. practically speaking the thickness of the structure needs to be as thin as possible.
  • metallic structures for example High Hardness Steels have been used in the production of ballistic armors.
  • the cores of some projectiles aimed for penetrating armors i.e. the penetrator, have such a high hardness that the hardness of the metallic armor structures are insufficient to cause damage to these penetrators. Therefore, the armor structure in these cases works by absorbing the kinetic energy of the projectile.
  • the armor structures intended against these penetrators become ex cessively massive as a monolithic metallic structure, especially when applied to ve hicles.
  • ceramic elements and metallic ceramic composites such as aluminum oxide (A1203), silicon carbide (SiC), boron carbide (B4C), tungsten car bide (WC), boron nitride (BN), silicon nitride (Si3N4), carbon nitride (C3N4), tita nium diboride (TiB2), may be used in ballistic armors.
  • Such materials may have a hardness sufficient to generate damage to the projectiles.
  • Ceramic materials are known to have high compressive strength, but at the same time weak tensile strength.
  • the simplest construction principle when using ceramic elements in a ballistic armor is gluing rectangular prism ceramic elements, such as bricks, to a frame structure, such as a fiber composite laminate.
  • the manufacturing methods when using ceramics most often require piling the elements manually on a panel-shaped mold of the de sired final product, i.e. because the after treatment (for example cutting into shape) of the ceramic elements is difficult due to their high hardness.
  • Typical armors that have ceramics glued to a frame structure do not withstand bending load. Therefore, such armors do not work as load-bearing structures in vehicles, for example. Instead, these armor structures form a structural parasitic weight (excessive weight).
  • ballistic armors may be improved by, either fully or partly, encapsulating ceramic elements.
  • This is known to i) delay the fracturing of the ceramic surface and the start of the penetration ii) slow down the cracking of the ceramic element iii) keeping the ceramic material in contact with the penetrator and thus in creasing the erosion of the penetrator iv) affecting the fracturing and shaping of the ceramic elements caused by a shock wave with the adaption of the ceramic elements and the encapsulat ing material’s acoustic impedance.
  • the manufacturing complexity is a common characteristic for the presented struc tures.
  • the known structures are also limited to a predefined shape. It has been difficult to adapt existing solutions to serial production as well. Even though there is a clear benefit due to the fact that the ceramic elements get a pretension when compressed by a metal casing, one disadvantage is that the existing methods require high accuracy for dimensional tolerances.
  • Document FI 20155776 describes a method for inserting armor elements to a casing structure comprising at least the steps of manufacturing a casing, and inserting armor elements in the cavities of the casing.
  • One disadvantage of the method is the high accuracy requirement for dimensional tolerances of the casing.
  • An arrangement for manufacturing a ballistic armor according to the present inven tion is characterized by the features of claim 1.
  • an arrangement for manufac- turing a ballistic armor comprises a casing comprising at least one cavity for a number of armor elements, feeding means for inserting armor elements into said cavity, and at least one forming device for providing at least one inner dimension of said cavity to a desired dimensional accuracy, wherein said forming device is arranged in said feeding means for forming at least a part of said cavity to a desired inner dimension before inserting armor elements into said cavity.
  • the feeding means comprises supporting means for aligning the forming device and/or armor elements from at least two sides with said cavity.
  • the feeding means further comprises inserting means, such as a pusher, for arranging the forming device and/or armor elements into said cavity.
  • the forming device comprises one or more forming means, such as structures, shapes, blades and/or the combination thereof, arranged for forming said inner dimension of said cavity.
  • Forming of the cavity can be performed in many ways, such as, but not limited to, by chipping, grinding and/or mangling, for example.
  • the arrangement further comprises at least one setting ele ment having at least one dimension differing from armor elements to be assembled for staggering the armor elements in different cavities.
  • the material of the setting element may be the same as the armor elements or any other suitable material. This embodiment may enable staggering of the armor elements in such way that the seams of the armor elements are shifted.
  • the embodiment may be useful especially in adja cent cavities for shifting the points of seams between one cavity preferably to the middle of the armor elements in the other cavity.
  • the arrangement further comprises holding means for keeping said casing stationary. This embodiment enables the feeding means to insert the forming device and/or armor elements into the cavity of the casing.
  • the arrangement further comprises heating means for providing at least partial thermal expansion of said casing.
  • This embodiment may enable to form a stronger ballistic armor by utilizing the method of thermal expansion, which may give armor elements a pretension by compression, when cooling down.
  • a method for manufacturing a ballistic armor according to the present invention is characterized by the features of claim 8.
  • the method for manufacturing a ballistic armor comprises at least the steps of:
  • the arrangement and the method of the present invention may provide a fast and easy way to arrange a cavity of a casing to a desired inner dimen sion.
  • the feeding means of the present invention may enable to perform forming while inserting armor elements.
  • the expression “a number of’ refers herein to any positive integer starting from one (1), e.g. to one, two, or three.
  • plural means two or more.
  • a “set” of items may include one or more of such items.
  • the terms “comprising”, “including”, “carrying”, “having”, “contain ing", “involving”, and the like are to be understood to be open-ended, i.e., to mean including but not limited to. Only the transitional phrases “consisting of' and “con sisting essentially of', respectively, are closed or semi-closed transitional phrases with respect to claims.
  • Fig. 1 depicts a top view of an exemplary embodiment of an arrangement according to the present invention for forming the inner dimension of a cavity and inserting armor elements
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method according to the present inven tion for forming the inner dimension of a cavity and inserting armor elements.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a top view of an exemplary embodiment of an arrangement according to the present invention for forming the inner dimension of a cavity and inserting armor elements.
  • An arrangement 100 comprises a casing 102 having at least one cav ity 103a, 103b (denoted by a dashed line) for a number of armor elements 104, feed ing means 106 for inserting armor elements 104 into the cavity, and at least one form ing device 108 for providing at least one inner dimension of the cavity to a desired dimensional accuracy.
  • Materials and dimensions of a casing 102 can vary depending on the particular appli cation.
  • the materials of the casing may be metal alloys, such as aluminium, magnesium, titanium and/or steel alloys, as known by one of ordinary skill in the art.
  • the casing can comprises a number of cavities.
  • the cavities are longitudinal and in one embodiment the cavi ties and armor elements are arranged in layers such that the cavities and armor ele ments in each layer is overlapping the cavities and layers in an adjacent layer.
  • both ends of a cavity 102 are open in order to let the forming device out from the cavity.
  • the feeding means 106 comprises supporting means 110 for align ing the forming device 108 and/or armor elements 104 from at least two sides with the cavity.
  • the supporting means 110 comprises a plane 112 arranged substantially at the same level with the cavity/cavities of the casing 102 in order to direct the forming device 108 and/or armor elements 104 to the cavity, and at least one wall 114 at the side of the plane 112 for preventing the forming device 108 and/or armor elements 104 from falling off from the plane 112.
  • the em bodiment of Fig. 1 comprises walls 114 at the both sides of the plane 112.
  • the feeding means 106 further comprises inserting means, such as a pusher 116, for arranging the forming device 108 and/or armor elements 104 into the cavity.
  • the inserting means are arranged to push the forming device 108 and/or armor elements 104 into the cavity from the plane 112.
  • the inserting means are arranged to push the casing 102 towards to the forming device 108 and/or armor elements 104 in order to arrange them into the cav ity.
  • the inserting means are arranged to push both the forming device 108 and/or armor elements 104 and the plane 112 towards each other.
  • the forming device 108 comprises one or more forming means, such as structures, shapes, blades and/or the combination thereof, arranged for forming the inner dimension of the cavity.
  • the forming means are ar ranged at outer surface of the forming device 108 and it will appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the forming device can comprise forming means in more than one of its surface.
  • the forming device comprises adjustable forming means, such as one or more adjustable blade, for example.
  • the arrangement 100 further comprises at least one setting element 118 having at least one dimension differing from armor elements 104 to be assembled for staggering the armor elements 104 in different cavities 103a, 103b.
  • the width of the setting element 118 is selected to be a half of the width of the armor element 104.
  • Setting elements can be place before, behind and/or both sides of the armor elements.
  • the arrangement 100 further comprises holding means (not shown) for keeping the casing 102 stationary.
  • the arrangement 100 further comprises heating means (not shown) for providing at least partial thermal expansion of the casing. 102.
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method according to the present invention for forming the inner dimension of a cavity and inserting armor elements.
  • At method start-up 200 preparatory actions may take place.
  • at step 202 at least one forming device is arranged in the feeding means before armor elements to be assembled.
  • the casing and/or the forming device are/is pushed towards each other for forming at least a part of the cavity to a desired inner dimension before inserting armor elements into the cavity.
  • the method further comprises a step of arranging the armor ele ments in the feeding means for inserting them into the cavity.
  • the method further comprises a step of arranging a setting element in the feeding means for staggering the armor elements in different cavities.
  • the forming device is arranged in front of the armor elements in the feeding means, and the armor elements and additionally one or more setting ele ments are inserted to the cavity at step 204.
  • steps 202 and 204 are performed before inserting the armor elements and additionally a setting ele ment in the cavity.
  • the steps 202 and 204 can be executed more than once and the forming device may vary.
  • the method further comprises a step of fixing the casing to a sta tionary state. This step is preferably performed before executing step 204.
  • the method further comprises a step of heating the casing for providing at least partial thermal expansion of the casing. This step is also preferably performed before executing step 204.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un agencement et un procédé d'agencement d'éléments de blindage dans un boîtier. L'exigence de précision élevée pour des tolérances dimensionnelles du boîtier constitue un problème de l'état de la technique. Selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, un agencement destiné à fabriquer un blindage anti-projectiles comprend un boîtier comprenant au moins une cavité pour un certain nombre d'éléments de blindage, des moyens d'alimentation destinés à insérer des éléments de blindage dans ladite cavité et au moins un dispositif de mise en forme destiné à fournir au moins une dimension interne de la cavité selon une précision dimensionnelle souhaitée, le dispositif de mise en forme étant agencé dans les moyens d'alimentation pour former au moins une partie de la cavité selon une dimension interne souhaitée avant l'insertion d'éléments de blindage dans la cavité.
PCT/EP2020/075168 2019-09-10 2020-09-09 Agencement et procédé de fabrication de blindage anti-projectiles Ceased WO2021048186A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20771264.7A EP4028712A1 (fr) 2019-09-10 2020-09-09 Agencement et procédé de fabrication de blindage anti-projectiles

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20197116 2019-09-10
FI20197116A FI128695B (en) 2019-09-10 2019-09-10 Ballistic protection structure manufacturing system and method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021048186A1 true WO2021048186A1 (fr) 2021-03-18

Family

ID=72470364

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2020/075168 Ceased WO2021048186A1 (fr) 2019-09-10 2020-09-09 Agencement et procédé de fabrication de blindage anti-projectiles

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4028712A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI128695B (fr)
WO (1) WO2021048186A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060105184A1 (en) * 2003-11-26 2006-05-18 Cercom, Inc. Ceramic armor and method of making by encapsulation in a hot pressed three layer metal assembly
US20120160084A1 (en) * 2010-12-13 2012-06-28 Benjamin Mosser Ceramic armor and method of manufacturing by brazing ceramic to a metal frame
US8322268B1 (en) * 2005-02-04 2012-12-04 Techdyne Llc Non-metallic armor article and method of manufacture
US20140033908A1 (en) * 2012-07-31 2014-02-06 Spokane Industries Encapsulated Preformed Shapes
FI20155776A7 (fi) 2015-10-30 2017-05-01 Tactical Design and Testing Services Oy Ballistisen suojarakenteen valmistusmenetelmä
US20170122707A1 (en) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-04 Tactical Design and Testing Services Oy Manufacturing method for ballistic armor and ballistic armor

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060105184A1 (en) * 2003-11-26 2006-05-18 Cercom, Inc. Ceramic armor and method of making by encapsulation in a hot pressed three layer metal assembly
US8322268B1 (en) * 2005-02-04 2012-12-04 Techdyne Llc Non-metallic armor article and method of manufacture
US20120160084A1 (en) * 2010-12-13 2012-06-28 Benjamin Mosser Ceramic armor and method of manufacturing by brazing ceramic to a metal frame
US20140033908A1 (en) * 2012-07-31 2014-02-06 Spokane Industries Encapsulated Preformed Shapes
FI20155776A7 (fi) 2015-10-30 2017-05-01 Tactical Design and Testing Services Oy Ballistisen suojarakenteen valmistusmenetelmä
WO2017072402A1 (fr) * 2015-10-30 2017-05-04 Tactical Design and Testing Services Oy Procédé de fabrication de blindage anti-projectiles et blindage anti-projectiles
US20170122707A1 (en) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-04 Tactical Design and Testing Services Oy Manufacturing method for ballistic armor and ballistic armor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20197116A1 (en) 2020-10-15
EP4028712A1 (fr) 2022-07-20
FI128695B (en) 2020-10-15

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