WO2020231017A1 - Polyimide film-based synthesis module, method for preparing same and method for mass-producing organic phosphate compound using same - Google Patents
Polyimide film-based synthesis module, method for preparing same and method for mass-producing organic phosphate compound using same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020231017A1 WO2020231017A1 PCT/KR2020/005004 KR2020005004W WO2020231017A1 WO 2020231017 A1 WO2020231017 A1 WO 2020231017A1 KR 2020005004 W KR2020005004 W KR 2020005004W WO 2020231017 A1 WO2020231017 A1 WO 2020231017A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyimide
- film
- module
- channel
- synthesis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00027—Process aspects
- B01J2219/00033—Continuous processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00851—Additional features
- B01J2219/00871—Modular assembly
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyimide-based film-based synthesis-module for producing an organophosphate-based compound as a drug scaffold through continuous-flow, a method for producing the same, and a mass production method of an organophosphate-based compound using the same.
- Continuous-flow microreactors offer many advantages over conventional processes for the synthesis of compounds, particularly in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. Moreover, microfluidic systems offer unique advantages including fast mass- and heat-transfer due to high surface area to volume ratio, improved process safety, simple feasibility studies for scale-up and a cost-effective manner. The problem is how to take advantage of microreactor-specific transmission rates while increasing throughput for production applications.
- the modular functionality of the microreactors makes the scale-up somewhat simpler because it increases throughput by simply numbering-up parallel microreactor units with appropriate channel sizes and operating at high flow rates. Moreover, unlike conventional batch processes, scale-up testing and design are not required, so only the same operating conditions are required from a single optimized microreactor. In general, even admitting the promising prospects, there are many problems associated with the numbering-up approach.
- the multiple parallelization approach of stacking reaction units in metal and glass implements an expensive fabrication cost, auxiliary heat exchange embedding configuration with additional heating/cooling channels. Complex control systems are required to ensure identical operating conditions in each unit for complete and predictable overall reactor performance. In addition, high levels of mixing in short-length channels often require static mixers in each parallel reactor, complicating the fabrication process.
- the present inventors have developed a'pad-type small synthesis-module' (CRP, 170 x 170 x 1.2 mm) for high throughput production of organophosphate-based drug precursors in continuous-flow.
- CRP a'pad-type small synthesis-module'
- Two approaches were used to package a micro-flow path sufficient to deliver 1/6 tonnes of drug precursor per year in a small footprint: three-dimensional (3D) integration of the micro-flow circuit and highly reactive reagents.
- Tablet-sized CRP is designed as a simple and economical lamination method of 9 patterned polyimide (PI) films, 16 sets of numbering-up microreactors that ensure uniform flow distribution and ultra-fast mixing efficiency under various conditions.
- PI patterned polyimide
- the present invention comprises: a first metal plate having a first inlet for supplying a first raw material and a plurality of outlets for separating a product; A second metal plate having a second inlet and a third inlet for supplying the second raw material and the third raw material; And a polyimide-based film bonded body disposed between the first and second metal plates, wherein the polyimide-based film bonded body is connected to the first to third inlets to independently distribute first to third raw materials.
- a distribution channel connected to the distribution channel, a mixing channel connected to the distribution channel to mix the first to third raw materials, and a plurality of microreaction channels connected to the mixing channel to react a mixture and then deliver the product to a plurality of outlets. It is characterized in that formed, to provide a polyimide-based film-based synthesis-module.
- the polyimide-based film bonded body may be bonded using a polyimide film coated with fluoroethylene propylene (FEP).
- FEP fluoroethylene propylene
- the distribution channel may be divided into a plurality of distribution channels by branch point flow division, and the width of the distribution channel may decrease as the branch point passes.
- the mixing channel may first mix the first and second raw materials, and then mix the third raw materials.
- Two or more layers of the microreaction channels may be stacked.
- the first raw material is a compound represented by the following formula (1)
- the second raw material is triethyl phosphite
- the third raw material is formic acid
- the product may include a compound represented by the following formula (2):
- R 1 is a C6 ⁇ C20 aryl group unsubstituted or substituted with a C1 ⁇ C20 alkoxy group
- R 2 is hydrogen or an unsubstituted C6 ⁇ C20 aryl group.
- the reaction of the mixture in the microreaction channel may be performed at a temperature of 20°C to 90°C in an organic solvent.
- the polyimide film-based synthesis-module may have a thickness of 0.1 mm to 10 mm.
- step (a) preparing a polyimide-based film bonding precursor; (b) disposing the polyimide-based film bonding precursor prepared in step (a) between the first and second metal plates; And (c) thermal bonding, wherein the preparation of the polyimide-based film bonding precursor in step (a) includes the steps of (a-1) preparing the first and second polyimide-based films, and (a-2) ) Comprising the step of disposing a patterned polyimide-based film to form a distribution channel, a mixing channel, and a plurality of microreaction channels between the prepared first and second polyimide-based films. It provides a method of manufacturing a mid-based film-based synthesis-module.
- step (c) the thermal bonding may be performed under a temperature of 300°C to 350°C and 1kPa to 50 kPa.
- R 1 is a C6 to C20 aryl group unsubstituted or substituted with a C1 to C20 alkoxy group
- R 2 is hydrogen or an unsubstituted C6 to C20 aryl group.
- the polyimide-based film-based synthesis-module according to the present invention includes a polyimide-based film bonded body disposed between metal plates, and the polyimide-based film bonded body is manufactured in the form of a pad through thermal bonding, requiring a small installation space.
- a polyimide-based film bonded body disposed between metal plates, and the polyimide-based film bonded body is manufactured in the form of a pad through thermal bonding, requiring a small installation space.
- the raw materials supplied from the inside of the polyimide-based film assembly are uniformly distributed to a plurality of microreaction channels. Therefore, by using the polyimide film-based synthesis-module according to the present invention, it is possible to commercially mass-produce organophosphate-based compounds as a drug scaffold with high separation yield and productivity through continuous-flow.
- FIG. 1A shows the structure and fabrication of a'pad-type compact synthesis-module (CRP)'.
- CRP compact synthesis-module
- Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the fabrication of a "Pad-shaped Small Synthesis-Module” (CRP) device by arranging the patterned PI layers using four metal pins and then laminating a multilayer bonding process at 320°C for 5 hours. Is shown.
- CRP Pad-shaped Small Synthesis-Module
- FIG. 1C shows an actual image of a laser-abstained patterned polyimide film cut into 9 pieces to be stacked in precise alignment for a 3D microchannel structure designed in CRP.
- the image on the right shows the stacking numbers in the order of the PI film.
- Figure 1d shows a) an actual image of a manufactured CRP (left) and a metal-equipped reactor (right) having three inlets and 16 outlets, and b) a setup for an actual reaction experiment.
- Figure 2 shows a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of CRP for comparing the anomalous distribution factor between experimental and simulated mass output values at 16 outlets.
- CFD computational fluid dynamics
- 3A shows a CFD simulation of the volume fraction contour of the reagent 1 according to the channel sections (A), (B) and (C) for calculation of the mixing efficiency.
- Figure 3b shows a CFD simulation of the volume fraction contours of a) reagents (2) and b) reagents (3) according to channel cross-sections (A), (B) and (C) for calculation of mixing efficiency at different total flow rates. Is shown.
- Figure 5 shows the synthesis of ⁇ -phosphonyloxy ketones (4 and 8) using CRP.
- the present inventors manufactured a small synthesis-module (CRP, 170 x 170 x 1.2 mm) in the form of a pad for scale-up production of drug precursors in a continuous-flow.
- the CRP system was devised by laminating nine patterned polyimide films to integrate the micro-flow circuit, combine the function of even distribution of the feed, and mix perfectly in less than milliseconds.
- the method of using highly reactive species for single-step synthesis of the drug scaffold ⁇ -phosphonyloxy ketone required synthesis time for several seconds in microfluidics.
- the rapid response in a single CRP enabled the production of 19.2 g/h of drug precursor, suggesting a solid step towards kilogram-scale pharmaceutical manufacturing in a small, desktop-sized footprint.
- the present invention comprises: a first metal plate having a first inlet for supplying a first raw material and a plurality of outlets for separating a product; A second metal plate having a second inlet and a third inlet for supplying the second raw material and the third raw material; And a polyimide-based film bonded body disposed between the first and second metal plates, wherein the polyimide-based film bonded body is connected to the first to third inlets to independently distribute first to third raw materials.
- a distribution channel connected to the distribution channel, a mixing channel connected to the distribution channel to mix the first to third raw materials, and a plurality of microreaction channels connected to the mixing channel to react a mixture and then deliver the product to a plurality of outlets. It is characterized in that formed, to provide a polyimide-based film-based synthesis-module.
- the first metal plate is located under the polyimide film assembly, and the first metal plate has drilled holes (preferably, a plurality of holes), which is a first inlet for supplying a first raw material and It becomes a plurality of outlets for separating products.
- drilled holes preferably, a plurality of holes
- the first inlet may be formed in a vertical direction (lower ⁇ upper) in which a polyimide-based film to be described later is stacked, which is connected to a distribution channel to be described later.
- the first raw material is preferably a compound represented by Formula 1, but is not limited thereto:
- R 1 is a C6 to C20 aryl group unsubstituted or substituted with a C1 to C20 alkoxy group
- R 2 is hydrogen or an unsubstituted C6 to C20 aryl group.
- the outlet may be formed in a vertical direction (lower ⁇ upper) in which a polyimide-based film to be described later is stacked, which is connected to a microreaction channel to be described later.
- the product is preferably a compound represented by Formula 2, but is not limited thereto:
- R 1 is a C6 to C20 aryl group unsubstituted or substituted with a C1 to C20 alkoxy group
- R 2 is hydrogen or an unsubstituted C6 to C20 aryl group.
- the second metal plate is positioned above the polyimide film assembly, and the second metal plate also has drilled holes (preferably, two holes), which are used to supply the second raw material and the third raw material. It becomes the second inlet and the third inlet for.
- the second and third inlets may be formed in a vertical direction (top ⁇ bottom) in which a polyimide-based film to be described later is stacked, and are connected to a distribution channel to be described later.
- the second raw material may be triethyl phosphite
- the third raw material may be formic acid, but is not limited thereto.
- the polyimide-based film bonded body is disposed between the first and second metal plates, and refers to a state in which the polyimide-based film is laminated in multiple layers and then thermally bonded, and the polyimide-based film bonded body is toluene, DMF Or even when exposed to an organic solvent such as DMSO, it is characterized by excellent durability.
- the polyimide-based film bonded body may be bonded using a polyimide film coated with fluoroethylene propylene (FEP), in which case, the FEP is softened by thermal adhesion to be described later, thereby increasing the reliability of sealing. have.
- FEP fluoroethylene propylene
- a distribution channel connected to the first to third inlets to independently distribute the first to third raw materials in the interior of the polyimide film assembly, and the first to third raw materials connected to the distribution channel
- a mixing channel for mixing the mixture and a plurality of microreaction channels connected to the mixing channel to react the mixture and then deliver the product to the plurality of outlets are formed.
- the distribution channel is connected to the first to the third inlet and serves to independently distribute the first to third raw materials, and is divided into a plurality of branch points (preferably, a plurality of branch points) by flow division, and the As the branch point passes, the width of the distribution channel may decrease. Accordingly, the raw materials supplied from the inside of the polyimide-based film assembly can be uniformly distributed to a plurality of microreaction channels. After passing through the final branch, the width may be 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm, but is not limited thereto. Meanwhile, the distribution channel is preferably stacked in three or more layers so that the first to third raw materials can be independently distributed.
- the mixing channel is connected to the distribution channel to serve to mix the first to third raw materials, and the mixing channel may mix the first and second raw materials first and then mix the third raw materials.
- the width may be 0.5 mm to 10 mm, preferably 1 mm to 5 mm, but is not limited thereto.
- the micro-reaction channel is a plurality, and is connected to the mixing channel to react a mixture and then to deliver a product to a plurality of outlets.
- the reaction of the mixture in the micro-reaction channel is carried out in an organic solvent. It can be carried out at a temperature of °C to 90 °C, it is preferable to use toluene, DMF or DMSO as the organic solvent, but is not limited thereto.
- the organic solvent may be supplied through the first or second inlet, and the concentration of the organic solvent may be 0.001 M to 0.1 M, preferably 0.001 M to 0.01 M, but is not limited thereto.
- the concentration of the organic solvent becomes too high, there is a problem that the separation yield of the organic phosphate-based compound decreases.
- the flow rate of the organic solvent may be 1.0 mL/min to 30 mL/min.
- the distribution channel is good in terms of high separation yield and productivity to stack two or more layers, preferably four or more layers.
- the polyimide film-based synthesis-module may have a thickness of 0.1 mm to 10 mm. As a result, it is possible to implement a small synthesis-module, and commercially mass-produce organic phosphate compounds with a small installation space.
- the present invention (a) preparing a polyimide-based film bonding precursor; (b) disposing the polyimide-based film bonding precursor prepared in step (a) between the first and second metal plates; And (c) thermal bonding, wherein the preparation of the polyimide-based film bonding precursor in step (a) includes the steps of (a-1) preparing the first and second polyimide-based films, and (a-2) ) Comprising the step of disposing a patterned polyimide-based film to form a distribution channel, a mixing channel, and a plurality of microreaction channels between the prepared first and second polyimide-based films. It provides a method of manufacturing a mid-based film-based synthesis-module.
- an unpatterned polyimide-based film and a patterned polyimide-based film are prepared to prepare a polyimide-based film bonding precursor.
- a patterned polyimide-based film holes for forming a distribution channel, a mixing channel, and a plurality of micro-reaction channels may be formed between the prepared first and second polyimide-based films.
- the patterned polyimide-based film may be disposed between the unpatterned polyimide-based film.
- the microreaction channel Two layers, preferably four or more layers can be laminated.
- three or more times three or more layers of the distribution channels can be laminated.
- the polyimide-based film bonding precursor is disposed between the first and second metal plates in step (b), and then thermally bonded in step (c), whereby the channels can be sealed.
- the thermal bonding is performed under a temperature of 300° C. to 350° C. and 1 kPa to 50 kPa, thereby effectively softening the FEP.
- the present invention provides a method of producing a compound represented by the following formula (2) using the polyimide film-based synthesis-module:
- R 1 is a C6 to C20 aryl group unsubstituted or substituted with a C1 to C20 alkoxy group
- R 2 is hydrogen or an unsubstituted C6 to C20 aryl group.
- the polyimide-based film-based synthesis-module according to the present invention includes a polyimide-based film bonded body disposed between metal plates, and the polyimide-based film bonded body is manufactured in the form of a pad through thermal bonding, requiring a small installation space.
- a polyimide-based film bonded body disposed between metal plates, and the polyimide-based film bonded body is manufactured in the form of a pad through thermal bonding, requiring a small installation space.
- the raw materials supplied from the inside of the polyimide-based film assembly are uniformly distributed to a plurality of microreaction channels. Therefore, by using the polyimide film-based synthesis-module according to the present invention, it is possible to commercially mass-produce organophosphate-based compounds as a drug scaffold with high separation yield and productivity through continuous-flow.
- Cross-junction and perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA) tubing was purchased from IDEX HEALTH & SCIENCE WA, USA), and a syringe pump (Harvard device, PHD 22/2000 Hpsi, PHD Ultra) was used. All reactions were monitored by thin layer chromatography (TLC) using Merck silica gel aluminum plate 60 F254; Visualized with short-wave UV light (254 nm). Column chromatography was performed through silica gel (100-200 mesh) using EtOAc/hexane as an eluent.
- TLC thin layer chromatography
- a set of 16 microreactors were designed numbered on a single pad by AutoCAD software. 1b and c, each PI film (170 x 170 mm, 125 ⁇ m thick) was removed with a UV laser (355 nm) to create a desired patterned fine channel (width range 150 ⁇ m to 1.2 mm, height 125 ⁇ m). Formed.
- the inlet channel for supplying reagents had a width of 1.2 mm and was divided into two opposite sides and evenly distributed by branch point flow division. Thus, by switching to 2, 4, 8 and 16 fine channels, the channel width gradually decreased to 0.6 mm, 0.3 mm and 0.15 mm. As previously reported, 9 pieces of patterned PI film were laminated.
- the PI films were bonded on the patterned side by spin coating with fluoroethylene propylene (FEP, softening point 260-280° C.) having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m.
- FEP fluoroethylene propylene
- the film which was sandwiched with a flat metal plate and accurately aligned, was thermally bonded at 320° C. under 10 kPa for 5 hours to strongly seal the channel of CRP.
- a CNC-made aluminum metal frame was used as a sphere with drilled holes for 16 outlets and 3 inlets (triethyl phosphite (2) and HCOOH (3)). 2 inlets at the top for) and 1 inlet at the bottom-center for benzyl (1)).
- 16 glass vials were placed under CRP with extended tubing (FIG. 1D ).
- the numbering-up of 16 sets of microreactors in a single pad was designed and manufactured to enable high throughput chemical production by maintaining a constant fluid flow state in each reactor.
- the adhesion between the patterned PI films is a kind of fluoropolymer with 1.5 nm particles, in an aqueous dispersion of fluoroethylene propylene (FEP, ND-110, Neoflon, DAIKIN, Japan, 60% solid fluorothermoplastic aqueous dispersion).
- Manufactured by FEP having a softening point at 260 to 280°C was spin-coated at a speed of 3000 rpm for 30 seconds to form a uniform thickness of 3 ⁇ m on the patterned surface of the PI film.
- the film pattern was passed through a metal pin (diameter: 1.5 mm, length: 6 cm) through four corners of each polyimide film perforated with a 1.5 mm diameter. Aligned.
- the accurately aligned PI film was placed between flat metal plates and thermally bonded at 320° C. under 10 kPa for 5 hours.
- the FEP layer softened between the PI films improved the reliability of hermetic sealing at 320°C by controlling the pressure applied to the interface (10 kPa), and sealing the patterned channels without leakage by slow cooling for 12 hours. There was a tendency.
- the microchannels retained their designed shape due to the inherent rigidity of the PI film, such as a high glass transition temperature (Tg) above 400° C. and a low heat shrinkage of about 1%.
- Figure 1c showed a PI film patterned by UV laser ablation technique with a CAD design for CRP. Patterned films were carefully cut and laminated in a sequence of 1 to 9, as shown to form the distribution channels, mixing and 16 microreaction pathways designed in CRP.
- the aluminum metal frame used for CRP clapping is made by CNC manufacturing, with 1 inlet at the bottom-center, 2 inlets at the top and 16 at the bottom. Drilled for tubing (diameter: 1/4 inch) at the same location on all inlets and outlets installed on a CRP with outlet.
- Two inlets at the top are for supplying triethyl phosphite (2) and HCOOH (3) to the syringe pump, and one inlet at the bottom is for benzyl (1).
- 16 outlets were located under the metal frame by connecting with the extended tube.
- the CRP and tube were closely connected by screw fittings using a super flangeless ferrule w/SST Ring (1/4-28 flat-bottom, for 1/16" OD) provided by XPEX-202 and IDEX.
- 16 glass vials 50 ml were placed under CRP with elongated tubes in order to individually confirm uniform flow distribution with the appropriate MR values.
- the incompressible Navier-stokes equation can describe the fluid flow inside the microchannel. Assuming a steady state, we can simplify the governing equation for fluid flow.
- ⁇ is the fluid density
- ⁇ is the fluid linear velocity
- p is the pressure
- ⁇ is the fluid dynamic viscosity
- g is the gravitational acceleration.
- the governing equation was solved with appropriate boundary conditions (no slip boundary conditions on the channel walls, mass flow rates for the inlet and outflow conditions for the outlet, as defined by zero normal slope for all flow variables except pressure).
- the equation was discretized based on the finite volume method and commercialized numerical software FLUENT 2019 R2 (ANSYS, INC.) was used for numerical simulation. Physical properties of toluene (867 kg m -3 , 0.00056 kg m -1 s -1 ) at 25°C were used as a carrier solvent.
- the flow rate of each pump was set to 1 mL min -1 resulting in a 3.93 second residence time.
- the product sample was taken from the vial collection to the aq. It was quenched with NaHCO 3 solution.
- the sample was extracted with ethyl acetate (40 mL) (diethyl ether was used for the reaction in DMF).
- the aqueous layer was washed 3 times with ethyl acetate or diethyl ether (3x15 mL).
- the combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 and evaporated under reduced pressure.
- the produced residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (100-200 mesh) using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate as eluent (by variable ratio).
- the isolated compound was analyzed by NMR. After completion of the reaction, the capillary was washed with acetone, water and acetone (twice), respectively, and dried for the next reaction.
- the total flow rate was set to 20.82 mL min -1 resulting in a residence time of 3.93 seconds.
- the product sample was taken from the vial collection to the aq. It was quenched with NaHCO 3 solution.
- the sample was extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL). The aqueous layer was washed 3 times with ethyl acetate (3x50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 and evaporated under reduced pressure. Then, the produced residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (100-200 mesh) using ethyl acetate as an eluent.
- 2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanone (5) is a white solid, obtained in 5% separation yield, its properties are as follows: 1 H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl 3 ): ⁇ 7.93-7.90 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.42-7.25 (m, 7H), 5.96 (s, 1H). ppm. 13 C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl 3 ): ⁇ 190.08, 139.15, 134.02, 133.65, 129.27, 129.25, 128.80, 128.70, 127.9, 76.35. ppm.
- ⁇ -dicarbonyl compound (7) (985 mg, 6 mmol), triethyl phosphite (2) (1.24 ml, in an oven-dried round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar) 7.2 mmol), and formic acid (3) (1.13 ml, 30 mmol) were individually dissolved in dry DMF (90 ml, each reagent in 30 ml). After properly mixing the three reagents individually (approximately 2 minutes), transfer all three solutions to a 30 mL NORM-JECT plastic syringe and hold at 80°C in an oven (set temperature; 80°C ⁇ 2) via two syringe pumps. Introduced into the CRP.
- the total flow rate was set to 20.82 mL min -1 resulting in a residence time of 3.93 seconds.
- the product sample was taken from the vial collection to the aq. It was quenched with NaHCO 3 solution.
- the sample was extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL). The aqueous layer was washed 3 times with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 and evaporated under reduced pressure. Then, the produced residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (100-200 mesh) using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (variable ratio) as an eluent.
- Continuous-flow chemistry was performed by injecting reagents in toluene as solvent at room temperature into simple perfluoro alkoxy alkanes (PFA) capillaries (0.50 mm diameter, 1 m length) at different concentrations and flow rates through a cross mixer (Table 1). Items 1-5 and 6a)).
- PFA perfluoro alkoxy alkanes
- the basic structure of CRP is a channel for the micro-flow circuit integrated between the two banks of reactors (Fig. 1a a)), and each bank contains a number of microreactors. For the CRP tested here, there are 8 microreactors in each slot. Thus, there are 16 feed inlets to the microreactor, each inlet line taking a flow of 3 lines for 3 different reagents.
- the reactor for a large-scale system designed by the present inventors consists of an integrated array of tube lines arranged in a specific manner, to operate as a flow distributor, mixer and reactor. These flow lines were vertically wound and aligned whenever possible, to minimize the footprint of the CRP.
- Each of the 16 reactors is a 1.6 m long micro-flow line, wound upward and three turns vertically.
- the width of the CRP pad is 170 mm, the length is 170 mm, the thickness is 1.2 mm, and the total internal volume as a flow-assisted reaction space is 1.38 mL.
- the thin panel module ensures excellent heat conduction for a uniform temperature when heated.
- the CRP was fabricated by aligning nine films, each patterned by laser ablation using four metal pins and coated with a binder, and by thermally bonding the aligned layers.
- the produced CRP is shown in Figure 1a c).
- the CRP was screwed into a metal frame of 2 plates, the plate connected to 3 inlets for the introduction of 3 reactants (1, 2 and 3) and 16 outlets for the collection of products (Fig. 1a d)) .
- the material we selected for fabrication was a fluoroethylene propylene (FEP)-polyimide (PI) film hybrid, which led to a polymer-based microreactor.
- FEP fluoroethylene propylene
- PI polyimide
- the hybrid offers excellent physical rigidity, withstands pressures up to ⁇ 160 bar, and a chemically inert boost to various organic media except strong bases or chlorinated solvents.
- a designed CRP platform was fabricated by laminating a PI layer patterned by laser ablation and coated with FEP as a thermal adhesive.
- the aligned 9 PI film layers were thermally bonded at 320°C for 5 hours at 10 kPa in step 1 (FIG. 1B).
- branch point flow division was used to evenly distribute the accompanying flow.
- CFD computational fluid dynamics
- the three reagents injected at the same flow rate (6.94 mL/min, total: 20.82 mL/min) through individual inlets in the center were divided into two opposite sides and distributed evenly by branch point flow division.
- the uniformity of the flow distribution into the 16 reactors was determined by the ideal distribution factor (MF) as widely used.
- MF distribution factor
- n is the number of outlet channels
- m i is the mass of the i-th outlet channel
- m a is the average mass of the outlet channels.
- MF is the ratio of the standard deviation to the average mass at the outlet.
- a low MF value means that the distribution of flow velocity between the outlet channels is uniform.
- the theoretical MF value for mass flow from 16 outlets is 0.46%, much lower than the generally acceptable MF value (4%).
- solutions were collected individually for 150 seconds from 16 outlets to determine the average MF value.
- the experimental MF 0.55% matched well with the MF value calculated by CFD (0.46%), indicating the same residence time of the mixed reagents in the 16 reaction channels.
- Advection with rapid distortion and elongation of fluid interfaces is well known.
- a side impact type of serpentinely structured channel was constructed to generate large advection between the reactants.
- Evenly distributed reagents (1) and (2) are first mixed at the first T-type mixing point, then meet the reagent (3) at the second T-type mixing point, and all reagents begin to be mixed (Fig. 3A).
- the volume fraction of the reagent 1 in toluene was considered according to the flow.
- the mixing degree of the three fluids was quantified by the mixing efficiency.
- ⁇ is the standard deviation of the concentration in the cross-sectional area
- N is the number of nodes in the channel cross-section
- c i is the local concentration at the sample node in the channel cross-section i
- c in is the average concentration at the inlet
- ⁇ max is the concentration of Is the maximum standard deviation.
- the mixing efficiency at a flow rate as low as 3 mL/min was confirmed as a similar efficiency of 98% or more, as shown in FIG. 3A.
- the mixing efficiency calculated from the volume fraction of reagents (2) and (3) also showed the same result (Fig. 3b).
- complete mixing of the three reagents is achieved by taking a short residence time of 2.32 ms to 16.3 ms at different flow rates (21 ml/min to 3 ml/min) when flowing through a 2.71 mm channel from the confluence zone. Is achieved. Therefore, the performance of the produced CRP was tested.
- the feed consisted of formic acid ((3), 5.0 eq), triethyl phosphite ((2), 1.2 eq) and benzyl ((1), 1.0 eq, 1.26 g size).
- Reagents ((1), (2) and (3)) dissolved in the solvent were individually introduced into three separate inlets located in the center of the CRP at a flow rate of 7 mL/min, with a total flow rate of 21 mL/min. After the reaction was completed with a residence time of 3.93 seconds, the expected product (4) was separated in 66% yield, and by-products (4) and (5) were formed in 5% and 22% yield. This yield is almost the same as that of the capillary reactor.
- the CRP platform produced 19.2 g/h of product (4) at room temperature, which corresponds to an annual production of 1/6 ton of drug precursor.
- a small numbering-up microreactor system composed of polyimide film was fabricated in a cost-effective manner.
- the modular structure of the pad-type synthesis-module was flexibly constructed.
- the integrated micro-flow circuit achieves uniform flow distribution to all 16 reactors along the branch line, perfect mixing in milliseconds, and the desired synthesis in seconds.
- the fabricated'pad-type compact synthesis-module' (CRP, 170 x 170 x 1.2 mm) system has successfully demonstrated high throughput production of organophosphates in a fast (retention time 3.93 seconds) single-step method.
- ⁇ -phosphonyloxy ketone was obtained at room temperature with a yield of ⁇ 19 g/h in 66%, while other derivatives at an elevated 80°C with a yield of ⁇ 15 at 60%. g/h was synthesized.
- a simple stacking of micro-flow layouts placed on the CRP can simply increase the throughput by multiplying the reaction volume. Therefore, such a small installation space and a high-capacity, flat, large-capacity platform enable the emergence of portable desktop factories for pharmacies when necessary, and provide a paradigm shift in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 연속-흐름을 통해 약물 스캐폴드로서, 유기포스페이트계 화합물을 생산하기 위한 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 유기포스페이트계 화합물의 대량 생산방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a polyimide-based film-based synthesis-module for producing an organophosphate-based compound as a drug scaffold through continuous-flow, a method for producing the same, and a mass production method of an organophosphate-based compound using the same.
연속-흐름 미세반응기는 특히 약학 및 정밀 화학 산업에서, 화합물의 합성을 위한 종래 공정 보다 많은 이점을 제공한다. 더욱이, 미세유체 시스템은 높은 표면적 대 부피비로 인한 빠른 질량- 및 열- 전달, 향상된 공정 안전성, 스케일 업을 위한 간단한 타당성 조사 및 비용-효율적인 방식을 포함하는 고유 이점을 제공한다. 문제는 생산 적용을 위한 처리량을 늘리는 반면 미세반응기 고유의 전송 속도의 이점을 활용하는 방법이다. Continuous-flow microreactors offer many advantages over conventional processes for the synthesis of compounds, particularly in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. Moreover, microfluidic systems offer unique advantages including fast mass- and heat-transfer due to high surface area to volume ratio, improved process safety, simple feasibility studies for scale-up and a cost-effective manner. The problem is how to take advantage of microreactor-specific transmission rates while increasing throughput for production applications.
적절한 채널 크기로 병렬된 미세반응기 유닛을 단순히 넘버링-업시키고 높은 유속으로 작동함으로써 처리량을 증가시키기 때문에, 미세반응기의 모듈형 기능은 스케일-업을 다소 간단하게 만든다. 더욱이, 종래 배치 공정과 달리 스케일-업 시험 및 설계가 필요하지 않으므로, 단일 최적화된 미세반응기로부터 동일한 작동 조건만 필요하다. 일반적으로, 유망한 전망을 인정하더라도, 넘버링-업 접근과 관련된 많은 문제가 있다. 금속 및 유리에서 반응 유닛을 적층하는 다중 병렬화 접근법은 고가의 제작 비용, 추가 가열/냉각 채널을 가진 보조 열 교환 임베딩 구성을 구현한다. 완벽하고 예측 가능한 전체 반응기 성능을 위한 각 장치에서 동일한 작동 조건을 보장하려면 복잡한 제어 시스템이 필요하다. 또한, 짧은 길이의 채널에서 높은 수준의 혼합은 각 병렬 반응기에서 정적 혼합기를 종종 필요로 하므로, 제작 공정을 복잡하게 해야 한다. 미세반응기의 확장에 대한 이러한 어려움은 주문형 고가의 화학 물질의 고처리량 생산에 대해 제한적으로 연구되어 왔다. 따라서, 이러한 문제를 해결하려면 획기적인 해결책이 필요하다. 특히, 적은 수의 펌프 또는 유량 조절기를 사용하는 것은 시스템의 소형 크기가 되고 작동 중 문제를 피하기 위해 바람직하다.The modular functionality of the microreactors makes the scale-up somewhat simpler because it increases throughput by simply numbering-up parallel microreactor units with appropriate channel sizes and operating at high flow rates. Moreover, unlike conventional batch processes, scale-up testing and design are not required, so only the same operating conditions are required from a single optimized microreactor. In general, even admitting the promising prospects, there are many problems associated with the numbering-up approach. The multiple parallelization approach of stacking reaction units in metal and glass implements an expensive fabrication cost, auxiliary heat exchange embedding configuration with additional heating/cooling channels. Complex control systems are required to ensure identical operating conditions in each unit for complete and predictable overall reactor performance. In addition, high levels of mixing in short-length channels often require static mixers in each parallel reactor, complicating the fabrication process. These difficulties with the expansion of microreactors have been studied with limited research on high throughput production of expensive chemicals on demand. Therefore, a breakthrough solution is needed to solve this problem. In particular, using a small number of pumps or flow regulators is desirable in order to make the system compact and to avoid problems during operation.
이에, 본 발명자들은 연속-흐름에서 유기포스페이트-기반 약물 전구체의 높은 처리량 생산을 위해 '패드 형태의 소형 합성-모듈'(CRP, 170 x 170 x 1.2 mm)을 개발하였다. 작은 설치 공간에서 1년에 1/6 톤의 약물 전구체를 전달하기에 충분한 미세-흐름 경로를 포장하기 위해 2가지 접근법을 사용하였다: 미세-흐름 회로의 3 차원(3D) 통합 및 고 반응성 시약을 가진 빠른 합성 방법의 선택. 태블릿-크기의 CRP는 9개 패턴화된 폴리이미드(PI) 필름의 단순하고 경제적인 적층 방법으로 고안되었고, 다양한 조건에서 균일한 흐름 분배 및 초고속 혼합 효율을 보장하는 16 세트의 넘버링-업 미세반응기로 구성된다. 주요 약물 전구체의 스케일-업 생산을 증명하기 위해, 인지질, 올리고뉴클레오타이드, 당 유사체 및 천연 제품의 다목적 주요 중간체의 합성에서 주요 모티프 및 합성 약물의 핵심 구조로서 역할을 할 수 있는 α-포스포닐옥시 케톤을 선택하였다. 본 발명에서 입증된 접근법은 원칙적으로 다른 약물 전구체에 적용 가능해야 한다. 제어를 위한 유사한 모듈과 함께 CRP는 마감일 내 약물을 상업적으로 생산할 수 있게 하여, 약학 제조에서 패러다임 전환을 제공한다. Accordingly, the present inventors have developed a'pad-type small synthesis-module' (CRP, 170 x 170 x 1.2 mm) for high throughput production of organophosphate-based drug precursors in continuous-flow. Two approaches were used to package a micro-flow path sufficient to deliver 1/6 tonnes of drug precursor per year in a small footprint: three-dimensional (3D) integration of the micro-flow circuit and highly reactive reagents. With a choice of fast synthesis methods. Tablet-sized CRP is designed as a simple and economical lamination method of 9 patterned polyimide (PI) films, 16 sets of numbering-up microreactors that ensure uniform flow distribution and ultra-fast mixing efficiency under various conditions. Consists of To demonstrate the scale-up production of major drug precursors, α-phosphonyloxy ketones, which can serve as key motifs and key structures for synthetic drugs in the synthesis of phospholipids, oligonucleotides, sugar analogs and multi-purpose major intermediates of natural products. I chose The approach demonstrated in the present invention should in principle be applicable to other drug precursors. Along with similar modules for control, CRP enables commercial production of drugs within deadlines, providing a paradigm shift in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
본 발명은 제1 원료를 공급하기 위한 제1 입구 및 생성물을 분리하기 위한 복수개의 출구가 형성된 제1 금속판; 제2 원료 및 제3 원료를 공급하기 위한 제2 입구 및 제3 입구가 형성된 제2 금속판; 및 상기 제1 및 제2 금속판 사이에 배치된 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체를 포함하고, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체의 내부에는 상기 제1 내지 제3 입구와 연결되어 제1 내지 제3 원료를 독립적으로 분배하기 위한 분배 채널, 상기 분배 채널과 연결되어 제1 내지 제3 원료를 혼합하기 위한 혼합 채널 및 상기 혼합 채널과 연결되어 혼합물을 반응시킨 다음 생성물을 복수개의 출구로 전달하기 위한 복수개의 미세반응 채널이 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈을 제공한다. The present invention comprises: a first metal plate having a first inlet for supplying a first raw material and a plurality of outlets for separating a product; A second metal plate having a second inlet and a third inlet for supplying the second raw material and the third raw material; And a polyimide-based film bonded body disposed between the first and second metal plates, wherein the polyimide-based film bonded body is connected to the first to third inlets to independently distribute first to third raw materials. A distribution channel connected to the distribution channel, a mixing channel connected to the distribution channel to mix the first to third raw materials, and a plurality of microreaction channels connected to the mixing channel to react a mixture and then deliver the product to a plurality of outlets. It is characterized in that formed, to provide a polyimide-based film-based synthesis-module.
상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체는 플루오로에틸렌 프로필렌(FEP)이 코팅된 폴리이미드 필름을 이용하여 접합시킬 수 있다. The polyimide-based film bonded body may be bonded using a polyimide film coated with fluoroethylene propylene (FEP).
상기 분배 채널은 분기점 흐름 분할에 의해 복수개로 분할되고, 상기 분기점을 지남에 따라 상기 분배 채널의 폭은 감소할 수 있다. The distribution channel may be divided into a plurality of distribution channels by branch point flow division, and the width of the distribution channel may decrease as the branch point passes.
상기 혼합 채널은 제1 및 제2 원료를 먼저 혼합한 후, 제3 원료를 혼합할 수 있다. The mixing channel may first mix the first and second raw materials, and then mix the third raw materials.
상기 미세반응 채널은 2층 이상 적층될 수 있다. Two or more layers of the microreaction channels may be stacked.
상기 제1 원료는 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물이고, 상기 제2 원료는 트리에틸 포스파이트이고, 상기 제3 원료는 포름산이며, 상기 생성물은 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물을 포함할 수 있다:The first raw material is a compound represented by the following formula (1), the second raw material is triethyl phosphite, the third raw material is formic acid, and the product may include a compound represented by the following formula (2):
[화학식 1][Formula 1]
, ,
[화학식 2] [Formula 2]
상기 화학식 1 또는 화학식 2에서, R1은 C1~C20의 알콕시기로 치환되거나 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기이고, R2는 수소 또는 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기이다. In Formula 1 or
상기 미세반응 채널 내 상기 혼합물의 반응은 유기 용매 하에, 20℃ 내지 90℃의 온도에서 수행될 수 있다. The reaction of the mixture in the microreaction channel may be performed at a temperature of 20°C to 90°C in an organic solvent.
상기 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈의 두께는 0.1 mm 내지 10 mm일 수 있다. The polyimide film-based synthesis-module may have a thickness of 0.1 mm to 10 mm.
본 발명의 일 구현예로, (a) 폴리이미드계 필름 접합 전구체를 제작하는 단계; (b) 제1 및 제2 금속판 사이에 상기 (a) 단계에서 제작된 폴리이미드계 필름 접합 전구체를 배치하는 단계; 및 (c) 열적 접합시키는 단계를 포함하고, 상기 (a) 단계에서 폴리이미드계 필름 접합 전구체의 제작은 (a-1) 제1 및 제2 폴리이미드계 필름을 준비하는 단계 및 (a-2) 상기 준비된 제1 및 제2 폴리이미드계 필름 사이에 분배 채널, 혼합 채널 및 복수개의 미세반응 채널을 형성하기 위해 패턴화된 폴리이미드계 필름을 배치하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈의 제조방법을 제공한다. In one embodiment of the present invention, (a) preparing a polyimide-based film bonding precursor; (b) disposing the polyimide-based film bonding precursor prepared in step (a) between the first and second metal plates; And (c) thermal bonding, wherein the preparation of the polyimide-based film bonding precursor in step (a) includes the steps of (a-1) preparing the first and second polyimide-based films, and (a-2) ) Comprising the step of disposing a patterned polyimide-based film to form a distribution channel, a mixing channel, and a plurality of microreaction channels between the prepared first and second polyimide-based films. It provides a method of manufacturing a mid-based film-based synthesis-module.
상기 (c) 단계에서 열적 접합은 300℃ 내지 350℃의 온도 및 1kPa 내지 50 kPa 하에서 수행될 수 있다. In step (c), the thermal bonding may be performed under a temperature of 300°C to 350°C and 1kPa to 50 kPa.
본 발명의 다른 구현예로, 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈을 이용하여 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물을 생성하는 방법을 제공한다: In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of producing a compound represented by the following Formula 2 using a polyimide film-based synthesis-module:
[화학식 2] [Formula 2]
상기 화학식 2에서, R1은 C1~C20의 알콕시기로 치환되거나 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기이고, R2는 수소 또는 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기이다. In
본 발명에 따른 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈은 금속판들 사이에 배치된 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체를 포함하는 것으로, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체는 열적 접합을 통해 패드 형태로 제조되어 작은 설치 공간이 요구되는 이점이 있고, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체의 내부에서 공급된 원료들이 복수개의 미세반응 채널로 균일하게 분배되는 이점을 가진다. 따라서, 본 발명에 따른 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈을 이용하면, 연속-흐름을 통해 높은 분리 수율 및 생산성으로 약물 스캐폴드로서, 유기포스페이트계 화합물을 상업적으로 대량 생산할 수 있다. The polyimide-based film-based synthesis-module according to the present invention includes a polyimide-based film bonded body disposed between metal plates, and the polyimide-based film bonded body is manufactured in the form of a pad through thermal bonding, requiring a small installation space. There is an advantage to be, and has the advantage that the raw materials supplied from the inside of the polyimide-based film assembly are uniformly distributed to a plurality of microreaction channels. Therefore, by using the polyimide film-based synthesis-module according to the present invention, it is possible to commercially mass-produce organophosphate-based compounds as a drug scaffold with high separation yield and productivity through continuous-flow.
도 1a는 '패드 형태의 소형 합성-모듈(CRP)'의 구조 및 제작을 나타낸 것이다. a) CRP의 구조, b) 4개 금속 핀을 통한 9개 패턴화된 폴리이미드 필름의 정렬 및 320℃에서 열적 접합. c) 소형 합성-모듈의 사진. d) 3개 시약((1), (2) 및 (3))을 위한 입구 튜브 및 생성물을 위한 16개 출구 튜브에 연결하기 위해 2개 금속 프레임 플레이트로 샌드위치된 CRP. 1A shows the structure and fabrication of a'pad-type compact synthesis-module (CRP)'. a) Structure of CRP, b) Alignment of 9 patterned polyimide films through 4 metal pins and thermal bonding at 320°C. c) Photo of a miniature composite-module. d) CRP sandwiched with two metal frame plates to connect to inlet tubes for 3 reagents ((1), (2) and (3)) and 16 outlet tubes for product.
도 1b는 4개 금속 핀을 이용하여 패턴화된 PI 층을 정렬한 후 320℃에서 5 시간 동안 다층 결합 공정을 적층함으로써 "패드 형태의 소형 합성-모듈"(CRP) 장치의 제작에 대한 모식도를 나타낸 것이다.Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the fabrication of a "Pad-shaped Small Synthesis-Module" (CRP) device by arranging the patterned PI layers using four metal pins and then laminating a multilayer bonding process at 320°C for 5 hours. Is shown.
도 1c는 CRP에서 설계된 3D 미세채널 구조를 위해 정확한 정렬로 적층하기 위해 9개 조각으로 절단된 레이저-절제된 패턴화된 폴리이미드 필름의 실제 이미지를 나타낸 것이다. 오른쪽 이미지는 PI 필름 순서대로 적층 번호를 나타낸다. FIG. 1C shows an actual image of a laser-abstained patterned polyimide film cut into 9 pieces to be stacked in precise alignment for a 3D microchannel structure designed in CRP. The image on the right shows the stacking numbers in the order of the PI film.
도 1d는 a) 제작된 CRP(왼쪽) 및 3개 입구 및 16개 출구를 가진 금속 장착된 반응기(오른쪽)의 실제 이미지와 b) 실제 반응 실험을 위한 설정을 나타낸 것이다.Figure 1d shows a) an actual image of a manufactured CRP (left) and a metal-equipped reactor (right) having three inlets and 16 outlets, and b) a setup for an actual reaction experiment.
도 2는 16개 출구에서 실험적 및 시뮬레이션된 질량 출력 값 사이의 이상분배 인자를 비교하기 위한 CRP의 전산 유체 역학(CFD) 시뮬레이션을 나타낸 것이다. Figure 2 shows a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of CRP for comparing the anomalous distribution factor between experimental and simulated mass output values at 16 outlets.
도 3a는 혼합 효율의 계산을 위한 채널 단면(A), (B) 및 (C)에 따른 시약(1)의 부피 분율 등고선에 대한 CFD 시뮬레이션을 나타낸 것이다. 3A shows a CFD simulation of the volume fraction contour of the
도 3b는 상이한 총 유속에서 혼합 효율의 계산을 위한 채널 단면(A), (B) 및(C)에 따른 a) 시약(2) 및 b) 시약(3)의 부피 분율 등고선에 대한 CFD 시뮬레이션을 나타낸 것이다.Figure 3b shows a CFD simulation of the volume fraction contours of a) reagents (2) and b) reagents (3) according to channel cross-sections (A), (B) and (C) for calculation of mixing efficiency at different total flow rates. Is shown.
도 4는 CFD에 의한 유량 분배 테스트 및 CRP의 평균 MF 값을 측정하기 위한 실제 실험을 나타낸 것이다. a) CRP의 CFD 시뮬레이션, b) 총 유속 20.82 ml/min에서 150 초 동안 수집된 톨루엔의 16 바이알.4 shows a flow distribution test by CFD and an actual experiment for measuring the average MF value of CRP. a) CFD simulation of CRP, b) 16 vials of toluene collected for 150 seconds at a total flow rate of 20.82 ml/min.
도 5는 CRP를 이용한 α-포스포닐옥시 케톤(4 및 8)의 합성을 나타낸 것이다. Figure 5 shows the synthesis of α-phosphonyloxy ketones (4 and 8) using CRP.
도 6은 고온에서 다른 용매 하에 CRP의 열적 안정성 테스트를 나타낸 것이다. a) 각 장치의 파열 압력 막대 그래프 및 b) 5 일 동안 다른 유기 용매(톨루엔 및 DMSO)에서 고온에 노출된 FEP 코팅된 폴리이미드 미세채널 표면의 SEM 이미지.6 shows the thermal stability test of CRP under different solvents at high temperature. a) Burst pressure bar graph of each device and b) SEM images of the FEP coated polyimide microchannel surface exposed to high temperatures in different organic solvents (toluene and DMSO) for 5 days.
연속적인 제약 제조는 보다 높은 안전성 및 품질 제어를 보장하면서 유연한 시장 요구를 충족시키는 대안적인 방법으로서 큰 주목을 받는다. 이에, 본 발명자들은 연속적인-흐름으로 약물 전구체의 스케일-업 생산을 위한 패드 형태의 소형 합성-모듈(CRP, 170 x 170 x 1.2 mm)를 제조하였다. 9개 패턴화된 폴리이미드 필름을 적층하여 미세-흐름 회로를 통합하고, 공급의 균일한 분배의 기능을 결합하며, 밀리초 미만으로 완벽히 혼합함으로써 CRP 시스템을 고안하였다. 약물 스캐폴드인 α-포스포닐옥시 케톤의 단일-단계 합성을 위해 고반응성 종을 사용하는 방법은 미세유체에서 수초 동안 합성 시간을 요구하였다. 단일 CRP에서 빠른 반응은 19.2 g/h의 약물 전구체 생산이 가능했으며, 이는 탁상용 크기의 작은 설치 공간에서 킬로그램-규모의 제약 제조를 향한 견고한 발걸음을 시사한다.Continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing attracts great attention as an alternative method of meeting flexible market demands while ensuring higher safety and quality control. Accordingly, the present inventors manufactured a small synthesis-module (CRP, 170 x 170 x 1.2 mm) in the form of a pad for scale-up production of drug precursors in a continuous-flow. The CRP system was devised by laminating nine patterned polyimide films to integrate the micro-flow circuit, combine the function of even distribution of the feed, and mix perfectly in less than milliseconds. The method of using highly reactive species for single-step synthesis of the drug scaffold α-phosphonyloxy ketone required synthesis time for several seconds in microfluidics. The rapid response in a single CRP enabled the production of 19.2 g/h of drug precursor, suggesting a solid step towards kilogram-scale pharmaceutical manufacturing in a small, desktop-sized footprint.
이하, 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈Synthesis-module based on polyimide film
본 발명은 제1 원료를 공급하기 위한 제1 입구 및 생성물을 분리하기 위한 복수개의 출구가 형성된 제1 금속판; 제2 원료 및 제3 원료를 공급하기 위한 제2 입구 및 제3 입구가 형성된 제2 금속판; 및 상기 제1 및 제2 금속판 사이에 배치된 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체를 포함하고, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체의 내부에는 상기 제1 내지 제3 입구와 연결되어 제1 내지 제3 원료를 독립적으로 분배하기 위한 분배 채널, 상기 분배 채널과 연결되어 제1 내지 제3 원료를 혼합하기 위한 혼합 채널 및 상기 혼합 채널과 연결되어 혼합물을 반응시킨 다음 생성물을 복수개의 출구로 전달하기 위한 복수개의 미세반응 채널이 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈을 제공한다. The present invention comprises: a first metal plate having a first inlet for supplying a first raw material and a plurality of outlets for separating a product; A second metal plate having a second inlet and a third inlet for supplying the second raw material and the third raw material; And a polyimide-based film bonded body disposed between the first and second metal plates, wherein the polyimide-based film bonded body is connected to the first to third inlets to independently distribute first to third raw materials. A distribution channel connected to the distribution channel, a mixing channel connected to the distribution channel to mix the first to third raw materials, and a plurality of microreaction channels connected to the mixing channel to react a mixture and then deliver the product to a plurality of outlets. It is characterized in that formed, to provide a polyimide-based film-based synthesis-module.
구체적으로, 상기 제1 금속판은 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체 하부에 위치한 것으로, 상기 제 금속판은 드릴된 구멍(바람직하게는, 복수개 구멍)을 가지는데, 이는 제1 원료를 공급하기 위한 제1 입구 및 생성물을 분리하기 위한 복수개의 출구가 된다.Specifically, the first metal plate is located under the polyimide film assembly, and the first metal plate has drilled holes (preferably, a plurality of holes), which is a first inlet for supplying a first raw material and It becomes a plurality of outlets for separating products.
상기 제1 입구는 후술하는 폴리이미드계 필름이 적층된 수직 방향(하부 → 상부)으로 형성될 수 있고, 이는 후술하는 분배 채널과 연결된다. 본 발명의 일 실시예에서, 상기 제1 원료는 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물인 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정되지 않는다: The first inlet may be formed in a vertical direction (lower → upper) in which a polyimide-based film to be described later is stacked, which is connected to a distribution channel to be described later. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first raw material is preferably a compound represented by
[화학식 1][Formula 1]
상기 화학식 1에서, R1은 C1~C20의 알콕시기로 치환되거나 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기이고, R2는 수소 또는 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기이다. In
또한, 상기 출구는 후술하는 폴리이미드계 필름이 적층된 수직 방향(하부 → 상부)으로 형성될 수 있고, 이는 후술하는 미세반응 채널과 연결된다. 본 발명의 일 실시예에서, 상기 생성물은 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물인 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정되지 않는다: In addition, the outlet may be formed in a vertical direction (lower → upper) in which a polyimide-based film to be described later is stacked, which is connected to a microreaction channel to be described later. In one embodiment of the present invention, the product is preferably a compound represented by
[화학식 2] [Formula 2]
상기 화학식 2에서, R1은 C1~C20의 알콕시기로 치환되거나 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기이고, R2는 수소 또는 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기이다. In
또한, 상기 제2 금속판은 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체 상부에 위치한 것으로, 상기 제2 금속판 역시 드릴된 구멍(바람직하게는, 2개 구멍)을 가지는데, 이는 제2 원료 및 제3 원료를 공급하기 위한 제2 입구 및 제3 입구가 된다. In addition, the second metal plate is positioned above the polyimide film assembly, and the second metal plate also has drilled holes (preferably, two holes), which are used to supply the second raw material and the third raw material. It becomes the second inlet and the third inlet for.
상기 제2 및 제3 입구는 후술하는 폴리이미드계 필름이 적층된 수직 방향(상부 → 하부)으로 형성될 수 있고, 후술하는 분배 채널과 연결된다. 본 발명의 일 실시예에서, 상기 제2 원료는 트리에틸 포스파이트이고, 제3 원료는 포름산일 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지 않는다. The second and third inlets may be formed in a vertical direction (top → bottom) in which a polyimide-based film to be described later is stacked, and are connected to a distribution channel to be described later. In one embodiment of the present invention, the second raw material may be triethyl phosphite, and the third raw material may be formic acid, but is not limited thereto.
상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체는 상기 제1 및 제2 금속판 사이에 배치된 것으로, 폴리이미드계 필름이 다층으로 적층된 후, 열적 접합된 상태를 의미하는 것으로, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체는 톨루엔, DMF 또는 DMSO와 같은 유기 용매에 노출시에도, 내구성이 우수한 것을 특징으로 한다. 이때, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체는 플루오로에틸렌 프로필렌(FEP)이 코팅된 폴리이미드 필름을 이용하여 접합될 수 있는데, 이때, 상기 FEP는 후술하는 열적 접착에 의해 연화됨으로써, 밀봉의 신뢰성을 높일 수 있다. The polyimide-based film bonded body is disposed between the first and second metal plates, and refers to a state in which the polyimide-based film is laminated in multiple layers and then thermally bonded, and the polyimide-based film bonded body is toluene, DMF Or even when exposed to an organic solvent such as DMSO, it is characterized by excellent durability. At this time, the polyimide-based film bonded body may be bonded using a polyimide film coated with fluoroethylene propylene (FEP), in which case, the FEP is softened by thermal adhesion to be described later, thereby increasing the reliability of sealing. have.
보다 구체적으로, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체의 내부에는 상기 제1 내지 제3 입구와 연결되어 제1 내지 제3 원료를 독립적으로 분배하기 위한 분배 채널, 상기 분배 채널과 연결되어 제1 내지 제3 원료를 혼합하기 위한 혼합 채널 및 상기 혼합 채널과 연결되어 혼합물을 반응시킨 다음 생성물을 복수개의 출구로 전달하기 위한 복수개의 미세반응 채널이 형성된 것이다.More specifically, a distribution channel connected to the first to third inlets to independently distribute the first to third raw materials in the interior of the polyimide film assembly, and the first to third raw materials connected to the distribution channel A mixing channel for mixing the mixture and a plurality of microreaction channels connected to the mixing channel to react the mixture and then deliver the product to the plurality of outlets are formed.
상기 분배 채널은 상기 제1 내지 제3 입구와 연결되어 제1 내지 제3 원료를 독립적으로 분배하기 위한 역할을 하는 것으로, 분기점(바람직하게는, 복수개 분기점) 흐름 분할에 의해 복수개로 분할되고, 상기 분기점을 지남에 따라 상기 분배 채널의 폭은 감소할 수 있다. 이로써, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체의 내부에서 공급된 원료들을 복수개의 미세반응 채널로 균일하게 분배시킬 수 있다. 최종 분기점을 지난 후 그 폭은 0.1 mm 내지 0.5 mm일 수 있고, 0.1 mm 내지 0.3 mm인 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정되지 않는다. 한편, 상기 분배 채널은 제1 내지 제3 원료가 독립적으로 분배될 수 있도록 3층 이상 적층시키는 것이 좋다. The distribution channel is connected to the first to the third inlet and serves to independently distribute the first to third raw materials, and is divided into a plurality of branch points (preferably, a plurality of branch points) by flow division, and the As the branch point passes, the width of the distribution channel may decrease. Accordingly, the raw materials supplied from the inside of the polyimide-based film assembly can be uniformly distributed to a plurality of microreaction channels. After passing through the final branch, the width may be 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm, but is not limited thereto. Meanwhile, the distribution channel is preferably stacked in three or more layers so that the first to third raw materials can be independently distributed.
또한, 상기 혼합 채널은 상기 분배 채널과 연결되어 제1 내지 제3 원료를 혼합하기 위한 역할을 하는 것으로, 상기 혼합 채널은 제1 및 제2 원료를 먼저 혼합한 후, 제3 원료를 혼합할 수 있다. 그 폭은 0.5 mm 내지 10 mm일 수 있고, 1 mm 내지 5 mm인 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정되지 않는다. In addition, the mixing channel is connected to the distribution channel to serve to mix the first to third raw materials, and the mixing channel may mix the first and second raw materials first and then mix the third raw materials. have. The width may be 0.5 mm to 10 mm, preferably 1 mm to 5 mm, but is not limited thereto.
또한, 상기 미세반응 채널은 복수개로서, 상기 혼합 채널과 연결되어 혼합물을 반응시킨 다음 생성물을 복수개의 출구로 전달하기 위한 역할을 하는 것으로, 상기 미세반응 채널 내 상기 혼합물의 반응은 유기 용매 하에, 20℃ 내지 90℃의 온도에서 수행될 수 있는데, 유기 용매로는 톨루엔, DMF 또는 DMSO를 사용하는 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정되지 않는다. 이때, 상기 유기 용매는 상기 제1 또는 제2 입구를 통해 공급될 수 있고, 상기 유기 용매의 농도는 0.001 M 내지 0.1 M일 수 있고, 0.001 M 내지 0.01 M인 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정되지 않는다. 상기 유기 용매의 농도가 너무 높아지게 되는 경우, 유기포스페이트계 화합물의 분리 수율이 저하되는 문제점이 있다. 또한, 상기 유기 용매의 유속은 1.0 mL/min 내지 30 mL/min일 수 있다. 한편, 상기 분배 채널은 2층 이상, 바람직하게, 4층 이상 적층시키는 것이 높은 분리 수율 및 생산성 측면에서 좋다. In addition, the micro-reaction channel is a plurality, and is connected to the mixing channel to react a mixture and then to deliver a product to a plurality of outlets.The reaction of the mixture in the micro-reaction channel is carried out in an organic solvent. It can be carried out at a temperature of ℃ to 90 ℃, it is preferable to use toluene, DMF or DMSO as the organic solvent, but is not limited thereto. In this case, the organic solvent may be supplied through the first or second inlet, and the concentration of the organic solvent may be 0.001 M to 0.1 M, preferably 0.001 M to 0.01 M, but is not limited thereto. When the concentration of the organic solvent becomes too high, there is a problem that the separation yield of the organic phosphate-based compound decreases. In addition, the flow rate of the organic solvent may be 1.0 mL/min to 30 mL/min. On the other hand, the distribution channel is good in terms of high separation yield and productivity to stack two or more layers, preferably four or more layers.
상기 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈의 두께는 0.1 mm 내지 10 mm일 수 있다. 이로써, 소형 합성-모듈을 구현할 수 있어, 작은 설치 공간으로 유기포스페이트계 화합물을 상업적으로 대량 생산할 수 있다.The polyimide film-based synthesis-module may have a thickness of 0.1 mm to 10 mm. As a result, it is possible to implement a small synthesis-module, and commercially mass-produce organic phosphate compounds with a small installation space.
폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈의 제조방법Polyimide film-based synthesis-module manufacturing method
또한, 본 발명은 (a) 폴리이미드계 필름 접합 전구체를 제작하는 단계; (b) 제1 및 제2 금속판 사이에 상기 (a) 단계에서 제작된 폴리이미드계 필름 접합 전구체를 배치하는 단계; 및 (c) 열적 접합시키는 단계를 포함하고, 상기 (a) 단계에서 폴리이미드계 필름 접합 전구체의 제작은 (a-1) 제1 및 제2 폴리이미드계 필름을 준비하는 단계 및 (a-2) 상기 준비된 제1 및 제2 폴리이미드계 필름 사이에 분배 채널, 혼합 채널 및 복수개의 미세반응 채널을 형성하기 위해 패턴화된 폴리이미드계 필름을 배치하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈의 제조방법을 제공한다. In addition, the present invention (a) preparing a polyimide-based film bonding precursor; (b) disposing the polyimide-based film bonding precursor prepared in step (a) between the first and second metal plates; And (c) thermal bonding, wherein the preparation of the polyimide-based film bonding precursor in step (a) includes the steps of (a-1) preparing the first and second polyimide-based films, and (a-2) ) Comprising the step of disposing a patterned polyimide-based film to form a distribution channel, a mixing channel, and a plurality of microreaction channels between the prepared first and second polyimide-based films. It provides a method of manufacturing a mid-based film-based synthesis-module.
구체적으로, 상기 (a) 단계에서 폴리이미드계 필름 접합 전구체의 제작을 위해 패턴화되지 않은 폴리이미드계 필름과 패턴화된 폴리이미드계 필름을 준비한다. 상기 패턴화된 폴리이미드계 필름은 상기 준비된 제1 및 제2 폴리이미드계 필름 사이에 분배 채널, 혼합 채널 및 복수개의 미세반응 채널을 형성하기 위한 홀이 형성될 수 있다. Specifically, in the step (a), an unpatterned polyimide-based film and a patterned polyimide-based film are prepared to prepare a polyimide-based film bonding precursor. In the patterned polyimide-based film, holes for forming a distribution channel, a mixing channel, and a plurality of micro-reaction channels may be formed between the prepared first and second polyimide-based films.
보다 구체적으로, 상기 패턴화되지 않은 폴리미이드계 필름 사이에 상기 패턴화된 폴리이미드계 필름을 배치할 수 있는데, 이러한 배치를 2회, 바람직하게, 4회 이상 반복시킴으로써, 상기 미세반응 채널을 2층, 바람직하게, 4층 이상 적층시킬 수 있다. 또한, 이러한 배치를 3회 이상 반복시킴으로써, 상기 분배 채널을 3층 이상 적층시킬 수 있다. More specifically, the patterned polyimide-based film may be disposed between the unpatterned polyimide-based film. By repeating this arrangement two times, preferably four or more times, the microreaction channel Two layers, preferably four or more layers can be laminated. Further, by repeating this arrangement three or more times, three or more layers of the distribution channels can be laminated.
이후, 상기 (b) 단계에서 제1 및 제2 금속판 사이에 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합 전구체를 배치한 다음, 상기 (c) 단계에서 열적 접합시키는데, 이로써, 채널들을 밀봉시킬 수 있다. 이때, 열적 접합은 300℃ 내지 350℃의 온도 및 1kPa 내지 50 kPa 하에서 수행함으로써, FEP를 효과적으로 연화시킬 수 있다. Thereafter, the polyimide-based film bonding precursor is disposed between the first and second metal plates in step (b), and then thermally bonded in step (c), whereby the channels can be sealed. At this time, the thermal bonding is performed under a temperature of 300° C. to 350° C. and 1 kPa to 50 kPa, thereby effectively softening the FEP.
폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈을 이용한 유기포스페이트계 화합물의 생성방법Polyimide film-based synthesis method for producing organic phosphate-based compounds using modules
또한, 본 발명은 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈을 이용하여 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물을 생성하는 방법을 제공한다: In addition, the present invention provides a method of producing a compound represented by the following formula (2) using the polyimide film-based synthesis-module:
[화학식 2] [Formula 2]
상기 화학식 2에서, R1은 C1~C20의 알콕시기로 치환되거나 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기이고, R2는 수소 또는 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기이다. In
본 발명에 따른 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈은 금속판들 사이에 배치된 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체를 포함하는 것으로, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체는 열적 접합을 통해 패드 형태로 제조되어 작은 설치 공간이 요구되는 이점이 있고, 상기 폴리이미드계 필름 접합체의 내부에서 공급된 원료들이 복수개의 미세반응 채널로 균일하게 분배되는 이점을 가진다. 따라서, 본 발명에 따른 폴리이미드계 필름 기반 합성-모듈을 이용하면, 연속-흐름을 통해 높은 분리 수율 및 생산성으로 약물 스캐폴드로서, 유기포스페이트계 화합물을 상업적으로 대량 생산할 수 있다. The polyimide-based film-based synthesis-module according to the present invention includes a polyimide-based film bonded body disposed between metal plates, and the polyimide-based film bonded body is manufactured in the form of a pad through thermal bonding, requiring a small installation space. There is an advantage to be, and has the advantage that the raw materials supplied from the inside of the polyimide-based film assembly are uniformly distributed to a plurality of microreaction channels. Therefore, by using the polyimide film-based synthesis-module according to the present invention, it is possible to commercially mass-produce organophosphate-based compounds as a drug scaffold with high separation yield and productivity through continuous-flow.
이하, 본 발명의 이해를 돕기 위하여 바람직한 실시예를 제시한다. 그러나 하기의 실시예는 본 발명을 보다 쉽게 이해하기 위하여 제공되는 것일 뿐, 하기 실시예에 의해 본 발명의 내용이 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment is presented to aid the understanding of the present invention. However, the following examples are provided for easier understanding of the present invention, and the contents of the present invention are not limited by the following examples.
<실시예><Example>
일반적인 고려사항General considerations
질소 환경 하에서 모든 반응을 수행하였다. 상업적 공급원으로부터 사용된 출발 물질, 시약 및 용매의 대부분을 구매하여 그대로 사용하였다. 모든 스펙트럼을 CDCl3에 기록하였다. 1H, 13C 및 31P(양성자 짝풀림) 스펙트럼을 CDCl3 용매 내 상온에서 Bruker AVANCE 600 분광계 상에 CDCl3(각각 600, 150 및 242 MHz)에 기록하였다. 화학적 이동(δ ppm)은 TMS(δH = 0.00 ppm) 또는 CHCl3(δH = 7.25 ppm)에 대해 백만분의 일 단위로 보고된다. 교차-접합 및 퍼플루오로알콕시 알칸(PFA) 튜빙을 IDEX HEALTH & SCIENCE WA, USA)로부터 구입하였고, 시린지 펌프(Harvard device, PHD 22/2000 Hpsi, PHD Ultra)를 사용하였다. Merck 실리카 겔 알루미늄 플레이트 60 F254를 사용하는 박막 크로마토그래피(TLC)로 모든 반응을 모니터링하였고; 단파 UV 광선(254 nm)으로 가시화하였다. 용리액으로서 EtOAc/헥산을 사용하여 실리카 겔(100-200 mesh)을 통해 컬럼 크로마토그래피를 수행하였다.All reactions were carried out under a nitrogen environment. Most of the starting materials, reagents and solvents used from commercial sources were purchased and used as such. All spectra were recorded in CDCl 3 . 1H, 13C and 31P (proton decoupled) spectra were recorded in CDCl 3 (600, 150 and 242 MHz, respectively) on a Bruker AVANCE 600 spectrometer at room temperature in CDCl 3 solvent. Chemical shifts (δ ppm) are reported in parts per million for TMS (δH = 0.00 ppm) or CHCl 3 (δH = 7.25 ppm). Cross-junction and perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA) tubing was purchased from IDEX HEALTH & SCIENCE WA, USA), and a syringe pump (Harvard device, PHD 22/2000 Hpsi, PHD Ultra) was used. All reactions were monitored by thin layer chromatography (TLC) using Merck silica gel aluminum plate 60 F254; Visualized with short-wave UV light (254 nm). Column chromatography was performed through silica gel (100-200 mesh) using EtOAc/hexane as an eluent.
"패드 형태의 소형 합성-모듈(CRP)"의 제작Production of "Pad-type compact synthesis-module (CRP)"
AutoCAD 소프트웨어에 의해 단일 패드에 번호가 매겨진 16개 미세반응기 세트를 설계하였다. 도 1b 및 c에 나타난 바와 같이, 각 PI 필름(170 x 170 mm, 125 μm 두께)을 UV 레이저(355 nm)로 제거하여 원하는 패턴 미세 채널(폭 범위 150 μm ~ 1.2 mm, 높이 125 μm)을 형성하였다. 시약을 공급하기 위한 유입 채널은 1.2mm 폭을 가졌고, 2 개의 반대쪽으로 분할되어 분기점 흐름 분할에 의해 균일하게 분배하였다. 따라서, 2개, 4개, 8개 및 16개 미세 채널로 전환함으로써, 채널 폭이 0.6 mm, 0.3 mm 및 0.15 mm로 점차 감소하였다. 종래 보고된 바에 따라, 9 조각의 패턴화된 PI 필름을 적층하였다. 전형적으로, 패턴화된 면에서 두께 3㎛의 플루오로에틸렌 프로필렌(FEP, 연화점 260 ~ 280℃)으로 스핀 코팅하여 PI 필름 사이를 접착하였다. 평평한 금속판으로 샌드위치하여 정확히 정렬된 필름을 320℃에서 10kPa 하에 5 시간 동안 열접합하여 CRP의 채널을 강하게 밀봉하였다. CRP와 플로우 튜브 사이의 밀접한 연결을 위해, CNC로 제작된 알루미늄 금속 프레임을 16개 출구 및 3개 입구를 위한 드릴된 구멍을 가진 구정구로서 사용하였다(트리에틸 포스파이트(2) 및 HCOOH(3)을 위한 상부에서 2개 입구와 벤질(1)을 위한 하부-중앙에서 1개 입구). 샘플을 개별적으로 수집할 때, 연장된 튜빙을 가진 CRP 하에 16개 유리 바이알을 두었다(도 1d). A set of 16 microreactors were designed numbered on a single pad by AutoCAD software. 1b and c, each PI film (170 x 170 mm, 125 μm thick) was removed with a UV laser (355 nm) to create a desired patterned fine channel (width range 150 μm to 1.2 mm, height 125 μm). Formed. The inlet channel for supplying reagents had a width of 1.2 mm and was divided into two opposite sides and evenly distributed by branch point flow division. Thus, by switching to 2, 4, 8 and 16 fine channels, the channel width gradually decreased to 0.6 mm, 0.3 mm and 0.15 mm. As previously reported, 9 pieces of patterned PI film were laminated. Typically, the PI films were bonded on the patterned side by spin coating with fluoroethylene propylene (FEP, softening point 260-280° C.) having a thickness of 3 μm. The film, which was sandwiched with a flat metal plate and accurately aligned, was thermally bonded at 320° C. under 10 kPa for 5 hours to strongly seal the channel of CRP. For the close connection between the CRP and the flow tube, a CNC-made aluminum metal frame was used as a sphere with drilled holes for 16 outlets and 3 inlets (triethyl phosphite (2) and HCOOH (3)). 2 inlets at the top for) and 1 inlet at the bottom-center for benzyl (1)). When samples were collected individually, 16 glass vials were placed under CRP with extended tubing (FIG. 1D ).
도 1b에 나타난 바와 같이, 단일 패드에서 16 세트의 미세반응기의 넘버링-업은 각 반응기에서 일정한 유체 흐름 상태를 유지함으로써 높은 처리량의 화학 생산을 가능하게 하도록 설계되고 제조되었다. 패턴화된 PI 필름 사이의 접착은 1.5 nm 입자를 가진 플루오로폴리머의 일종으로서 플루오로에틸렌 프로필렌의 수성 분산액(FEP, ND-110, Neoflon, DAIKIN, Japan, 60% 고체 플루오로열가소성 수성 분산액)에 의해 제조되었다. 260 ~ 280℃에서 연화점을 가진 FEP를 3000 rpm의 속도로 30 초 동안 스핀 코팅하여 PI 필름의 패턴화된 면에 3㎛의 균일한 두께를 형성하였다. 2D 패턴화된 PI 필름을 3D 미세채널로 변환하기 위해, 1.5 mm 직경으로 구멍난 각각의 폴리이미드 필름의 4개 코너를 금속 핀(직경: 1.5 mm, 길이: 6 cm)을 통과시켜 필름 패턴을 정렬시켰다. 정확하게 정렬된 PI 필름을 편평한 금속판 사이에 놓고 320℃에서 10kPa 하에서 5 시간 동안 열적 접합시켰다. 이러한 조건 하에, PI 필름 사이에서 연화된 FEP 층은 계면에 적용된 압력(10kPa)을 조절하여 320℃에서 밀폐 밀봉의 신뢰성을 향상시켰으며, 12 시간 동안 느린 냉각으로 누출 없이 패턴화된 채널을 밀봉하는 경향이 있었다. 320℃에서 어닐링할 때, 미세채널은 400℃ 초과의 높은 유리 전이 온도(Tg) 및 약 1%의 낮은 열 수축률과 같은 PI 필름의 고유 견고성으로 인해 설계된 형상을 유지하였다.As shown in FIG. 1B, the numbering-up of 16 sets of microreactors in a single pad was designed and manufactured to enable high throughput chemical production by maintaining a constant fluid flow state in each reactor. The adhesion between the patterned PI films is a kind of fluoropolymer with 1.5 nm particles, in an aqueous dispersion of fluoroethylene propylene (FEP, ND-110, Neoflon, DAIKIN, Japan, 60% solid fluorothermoplastic aqueous dispersion). Manufactured by FEP having a softening point at 260 to 280°C was spin-coated at a speed of 3000 rpm for 30 seconds to form a uniform thickness of 3 μm on the patterned surface of the PI film. In order to convert the 2D patterned PI film into 3D microchannels, the film pattern was passed through a metal pin (diameter: 1.5 mm, length: 6 cm) through four corners of each polyimide film perforated with a 1.5 mm diameter. Aligned. The accurately aligned PI film was placed between flat metal plates and thermally bonded at 320° C. under 10 kPa for 5 hours. Under these conditions, the FEP layer softened between the PI films improved the reliability of hermetic sealing at 320°C by controlling the pressure applied to the interface (10 kPa), and sealing the patterned channels without leakage by slow cooling for 12 hours. There was a tendency. When annealed at 320° C., the microchannels retained their designed shape due to the inherent rigidity of the PI film, such as a high glass transition temperature (Tg) above 400° C. and a low heat shrinkage of about 1%.
도 1c는 CRP에 대한 CAD 디자인과 함께 UV 레이저 절제 기술에 의해 패턴화 된 PI 필름을 보여주었다. CRP에서 설계된 분배 채널, 혼합 및 16개 미세반응 경로를 형성하기 위해 나타난 바와 같이, 패턴화된 필름을 1개 내지 9개의 순서로 조심스럽게 절단 및 적층하였다. 높은 유속에서 누출없이 CRP 및 유량 튜브를 단단히 연결하기 위해, CRP 클래핑에 사용된 알루미늄 금속 프레임은 CNC 제조로 제작되었고, 하단-중앙에 1개 입구, 상부단에 2개 입구 및 하단에 16개 출구를 가진 CRP 상에 설치된 모든 입구 및 출구의 동일한 위치에서 튜빙(직경: 1/4 inch)을 위해 드릴되었다. 상단에 2 개 입구는 시린지 펌프로 트리에틸 포스파이트(2) 및 HCOOH(3)을 공급하기 위한 것이고, 하단에 1 개의 입구는 벤질(1)을 위한 것이다. 또한, 16 개 출구는 연장된 튜브와 연결하여 금속 프레임 하에 위치하였다. XPEX-202 제품 및 IDEX에서 제공하는 super flangeless ferrule w/SST Ring(1/4-28 플랫-바닥, 1/16" OD용)을 사용하여 스크류 피팅으로 CRP 및 튜브 사이를 밀접하게 연결하였다. 실험적인 MR 값으로 균일한 유동 분배를 개별적으로 확인하기 위해, 16 개 유리 바이알(50 ml)을 연장된 튜브를 가진 CRP 하에 두었다.Figure 1c showed a PI film patterned by UV laser ablation technique with a CAD design for CRP. Patterned films were carefully cut and laminated in a sequence of 1 to 9, as shown to form the distribution channels, mixing and 16 microreaction pathways designed in CRP. To securely connect the CRP and flow tube without leakage at high flow rates, the aluminum metal frame used for CRP clapping is made by CNC manufacturing, with 1 inlet at the bottom-center, 2 inlets at the top and 16 at the bottom. Drilled for tubing (diameter: 1/4 inch) at the same location on all inlets and outlets installed on a CRP with outlet. Two inlets at the top are for supplying triethyl phosphite (2) and HCOOH (3) to the syringe pump, and one inlet at the bottom is for benzyl (1). In addition, 16 outlets were located under the metal frame by connecting with the extended tube. The CRP and tube were closely connected by screw fittings using a super flangeless ferrule w/SST Ring (1/4-28 flat-bottom, for 1/16" OD) provided by XPEX-202 and IDEX. 16 glass vials (50 ml) were placed under CRP with elongated tubes in order to individually confirm uniform flow distribution with the appropriate MR values.
전산 유체 역학 시뮬레이션 설정 Computational fluid dynamics simulation setup
질량 보존식과 함께 압축불가능한 Navier-stokes 식으로 미세 채널 내부의 유체 흐름을 설명할 수 있다. 정상 상태를 가정하면, 유체 흐름을 위한 지배 방정식을 단순화할 수 있다.In addition to the mass conservation equation, the incompressible Navier-stokes equation can describe the fluid flow inside the microchannel. Assuming a steady state, we can simplify the governing equation for fluid flow.
: Navier-Stokes 식 : Navier-Stokes equation
: 질량 보존식 : Mass conservation formula
여기서 ρ는 유체 밀도이고, ν는 유체 선형 속도이고, p는 압력이고, μ는 유체 동적 점도이며, g는 중력 가속도이다. 적절한 경계 조건(압력을 제외한 모든 흐름 변수를 위한 0 정규 기울기로 정의된 바와 같은, 채널 벽 상에 슬립 경계 조건이 없음, 입구를 위한 질량 유속 및 출구를 위한 유출 조건)으로 지배 식을 해결하였다. 유한 부피 방법에 기초하여 식을 이산화시키고 상용화된 수치 소프트웨어 FLUENT 2019 R2(ANSYS, INC.)를 수치 시뮬레이션에 사용하였다. 담체 용매로서 25℃에서 톨루엔(867 kg m-3, 0.00056 kg m-1 s-1)의 물리적 물성을 사용하였다. Where ρ is the fluid density, ν is the fluid linear velocity, p is the pressure, μ is the fluid dynamic viscosity, and g is the gravitational acceleration. The governing equation was solved with appropriate boundary conditions (no slip boundary conditions on the channel walls, mass flow rates for the inlet and outflow conditions for the outlet, as defined by zero normal slope for all flow variables except pressure). The equation was discretized based on the finite volume method and commercialized numerical software FLUENT 2019 R2 (ANSYS, INC.) was used for numerical simulation. Physical properties of toluene (867 kg m -3 , 0.00056 kg m -1 s -1 ) at 25°C were used as a carrier solvent.
균일한 흐름 분배 분석을 위해, 본 발명자들은 계산 유체 역학(CFD)으로 설계된 미세채널 구조를 시뮬레이션하였다. 중앙에서 개별적인 입구를 통한 동일한 유속(6.94 ml/min, 총: 20.82 ml/분)으로 주입된 3 개 시약은 2개 반대쪽으로 나누어 분기점 흐름 분할에 의해 균일하게 분배된다. 16 개 출구로부터 질량 유속에 대한 이론적 MF 값은 0.46%로 일반적으로 허용 가능한 MF 값(4%)보다 훨씬 낮다. 균일한 흐름 분배를 실험적으로 검증하기 위해, 본 발명자들은 CRP의 내부 공기를 제거하기 위해 초음파 처리로 15 분 동안 낮은 유량(0.5 ml/min)으로 톨루엔을 흐르게 하여 CRP를 안정화시킨다. 공기가 미세채널에서 갇히면, 이러한 압축성 유체가 흐름 분배를 손상시킬 수 있다. CRP의 안정화 후, 16개 출구로부터 용액을 150 초 동안 개별적으로 수집하여 유속 20.82 ml/min에서 평균 MF 값을 측정 하였다. 실험적인 MF 0.55%는 CFD에 의해 계산된 MF 값(0.46%)과 잘 일치하였으며, 이는 16 개 반응 채널 중 혼합 시약의 동일한 체류 시간을 나타낸다.For homogeneous flow distribution analysis, we simulated microchannel structures designed with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Three reagents injected at the same flow rate (6.94 ml/min, total: 20.82 ml/min) through individual inlets in the center are divided into two opposite sides and distributed evenly by a branch point flow split. The theoretical MF value for the mass flow rate from the 16 outlets is 0.46%, which is much lower than the generally acceptable MF value (4%). To experimentally verify the uniform flow distribution, the inventors stabilize the CRP by flowing toluene at a low flow rate (0.5 ml/min) for 15 minutes by sonication to remove the air inside the CRP. When air is trapped in microchannels, these compressible fluids can impair the flow distribution. After stabilization of CRP, the solutions were individually collected from 16 outlets for 150 seconds, and the average MF value was measured at a flow rate of 20.82 ml/min. The experimental MF 0.55% agreed well with the MF value calculated by CFD (0.46%), indicating the same residence time of the mixed reagents in the 16 reaction channels.
모세관 반응기에서 α-포스포닐옥시 케톤의 유동 합성Flow synthesis of α-phosphonyloxy ketone in a capillary reactor
N2 대기 하에 자석 교반 막대가 장착된 오븐-건조된 10 mL 스냅 바이알 내 상온(23-26℃)에서 벤질(1)(1mmol), 트리에틸 포스파이트(2)(1.2mmol) 및 포름산(3)(5mmol)을 건조 톨루엔(3 x 5 = 15mL)에서 개별적으로 잘 혼합하였다. 3개 시약을 개별적으로 적절히 혼합한 다음(약 1 분), 3 개 용액 모두를 6mL NORM-JECT 플라스틱 시린지로 옮기고 2 개 주사기 펌프를 통해 단일 PFA 코일 모세관(0.5mm 직경, 1m 길이) 내로 도입하였다. 각 펌프의 유량을 1 mL min-1로 설정하여 3.93 초 체류 시간을 초래하였다. 정상 상태에 도달한 후, 생성물 샘플을 바이알 수집에서 반응기 말단의 aq. NaHCO3 용액으로 퀀칭하였다. 수집된 부피를 측정한 다음, 샘플을 에틸 아세테이트(40 mL)로 추출하였다(DMF에서 반응의 경우 디에틸 에테르를 사용하였다). 수성 층을 에틸 아세테이트 또는 디에틸 에테르(3x15 mL)로 3회 세척하였다. 결합된 유기 층을 염수로 세척하였고, Na2SO4로 건조시켰으며, 감압 하에 증발시켰다. 그다음, 생산된 잔류물을 용리액으로서 페트롤 에테르/에틸 아세테이트를 사용하여 실리카 겔(100-200 mesh)을 통한 컬럼 크로마토그래피로 정제하였다(가변 비율에 의해). 분리된 화합물을 NMR로 분석 하였다. 반응 완료 후, 모세관을 아세톤, 물 및 아세톤으로(2회) 각각 세척하였고, 다음 반응을 위해 건조시켰다.Benzyl (1) (1 mmol), triethyl phosphite (2) (1.2 mmol) and formic acid (3) at room temperature (23-26° C.) in an oven-dried 10 mL snap vial equipped with a magnetic stir bar under N 2 atmosphere. ) (5 mmol) were individually well mixed in dry toluene (3 x 5 = 15 mL). After properly mixing the three reagents individually (approximately 1 min), all three solutions were transferred to a 6 mL NORM-JECT plastic syringe and introduced into a single PFA coiled capillary (0.5 mm diameter, 1 m long) via two syringe pumps. . The flow rate of each pump was set to 1 mL min -1 resulting in a 3.93 second residence time. After reaching steady state, the product sample was taken from the vial collection to the aq. It was quenched with NaHCO 3 solution. After measuring the collected volume, the sample was extracted with ethyl acetate (40 mL) (diethyl ether was used for the reaction in DMF). The aqueous layer was washed 3 times with ethyl acetate or diethyl ether (3x15 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 and evaporated under reduced pressure. Then, the produced residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (100-200 mesh) using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate as eluent (by variable ratio). The isolated compound was analyzed by NMR. After completion of the reaction, the capillary was washed with acetone, water and acetone (twice), respectively, and dried for the next reaction.
스케일-업을 위한 CRP를 사용하여 α-포스포닐옥시 케톤(4 및 8)의 합성을 위한 실험적인 절차Experimental procedure for the synthesis of α-phosphonyloxy ketones (4 and 8) using CRP for scale-up
(1) 실온에서 CRP를 사용한 α-포스포닐옥시 케톤의 합성(1) Synthesis of α-phosphonyloxy ketone using CRP at room temperature
상온(23-26℃)에서, N2 대기 하에, 자석 교반 막대가 장착된 오븐-건조된 둥근 바닥 플라스크 내 벤질(1)(1.26 g, 6 mmol), 트리에틸 포스파이트(2)(1.24 mL, 7.2 mmol) 및 포름산(3)(1.13 mL, 30 mmol)을 건조 톨루엔(3 x 30 = 90mL)에서 개별적으로 용해시켰다. 3개 시약을 개별적으로 적절히 혼합한 다음(약 2 분), 3개 용액 모두를 30mL NORM-JECT 플라스틱 시린지로 옮기고 2개 주사기 펌프를 통해 CRP 내로 도입하였다. 총 유속을 20.82 mL min-1로 설정하여 3.93 초의 체류 시간을 초래하였다. 정상 상태에 도달한 후, 생성물 샘플을 바이알 수집에서 반응기 말단의 aq. NaHCO3 용액으로 퀀칭하였다. 수집된 부피를 측정한 다음, 샘플을 에틸 아세테이트(150 mL)로 추출하였다. 수성 층을 에틸 아세테이트(3x50 mL)로 3회 세척하였다. 결합된 유기 층을 염수로 세척하였고, Na2SO4로 건조시켰으며, 감압 하에 증발시켰다. 그다음, 생산된 잔류물을 용리액으로서 에틸 아세테이트를 사용하여 실리카 겔(100-200 mesh)을 통한 컬럼 크로마토그래피로 정제하였다.Benzyl (1) (1.26 g, 6 mmol), triethyl phosphite (2) (1.24 mL) in an oven-dried round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar, at room temperature (23-26° C.), under N 2 atmosphere , 7.2 mmol) and formic acid (3) (1.13 mL, 30 mmol) were individually dissolved in dry toluene (3 x 30 = 90 mL). After properly mixing the three reagents individually (about 2 minutes), all three solutions were transferred to a 30 mL NORM-JECT plastic syringe and introduced into the CRP via two syringe pumps. The total flow rate was set to 20.82 mL min -1 resulting in a residence time of 3.93 seconds. After reaching steady state, the product sample was taken from the vial collection to the aq. It was quenched with NaHCO 3 solution. After measuring the collected volume, the sample was extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL). The aqueous layer was washed 3 times with ethyl acetate (3x50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 and evaporated under reduced pressure. Then, the produced residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (100-200 mesh) using ethyl acetate as an eluent.
이때, 디에틸(2-옥소-1,2-디페닐에틸)포스페이트(4)는 무색 오일로서, 67% 분리 수율로 획득되고, 그 특성은 다음과 같다: 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.93 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.51-7.50 (m, 3H), 7.41-7.33 (m, 5H), 6.65 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 4.21-4.17 (m, 2H), 3.94-3.89 (m, 2H), 1.32 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H), 1.14 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H). ppm. 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3): δ 193.71 (d, J = 4.5 Hz), 135.00, 134.95, 134.44, 133.58, 129.38, 128.04, 128.69, 128.13, 80.16 (d, J = 4.5 Hz), 64.37 (d, J = 5.4 Hz), 64.02 (d, J = 6.4 Hz), 16.07 (d, J = 7.3 Hz), 15.87 (d, J = 7.3 Hz). ppm. 31P-NMR (242 MHz, CDCl3): δ 1.88. ppm. At this time, diethyl (2-oxo-1,2-diphenylethyl) phosphate (4) is a colorless oil, obtained in 67% separation yield, and its properties are as follows: 1 H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 7.93 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.51-7.50 (m, 3H), 7.41-7.33 (m, 5H), 6.65 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 4.21-4.17 ( m, 2H), 3.94-3.89 (m, 2H), 1.32 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H), 1.14 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H). ppm. 13 C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 193.71 (d, J = 4.5 Hz), 135.00, 134.95, 134.44, 133.58, 129.38, 128.04, 128.69, 128.13, 80.16 (d, J = 4.5 Hz), 64.37 (d, J = 5.4 Hz), 64.02 (d, J = 6.4 Hz), 16.07 (d, J = 7.3 Hz), 15.87 (d, J = 7.3 Hz). ppm. 31 P-NMR (242 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 1.88. ppm.
또한, 2-하이드록시-1,2-디페닐에타논(5)는 흰색 고체로서, 5% 분리 수율로 획득되고, 그 특성은 다음과 같다: 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.93-7.90 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.42-7.25 (m, 7H), 5.96 (s, 1H). ppm. 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3): δ 190.08, 139.15, 134.02, 133.65, 129.27, 129.25, 128.80, 128.70, 127.9, 76.35. ppm.In addition, 2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanone (5) is a white solid, obtained in 5% separation yield, its properties are as follows: 1 H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 7.93-7.90 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.42-7.25 (m, 7H), 5.96 (s, 1H). ppm. 13 C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 190.08, 139.15, 134.02, 133.65, 129.27, 129.25, 128.80, 128.70, 127.9, 76.35. ppm.
또한, 2-옥소-1,2-디페닐에틸 포르메이트(6)는 무색 오일로서, 21% 분리 수율로 획득되고, 그 특성은 다음과 같다: 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.54-7.47 (m, 3H), 7.42-7.34 (m, 5H), 7.01 (s, 1H). ppm. 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3): δ 192.85, 160.12, 134.45, 133.80, 133.24, 130.31, 129.69, 129.36, 128.96, 128.83, 128.60, 77.22. ppm.In addition, 2-oxo-1,2-diphenylethyl formate (6) is a colorless oil, obtained in 21% separation yield, and its properties are as follows: 1 H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.54-7.47 (m, 3H), 7.42-7.34 (m, 5H), 7.01 (s, 1H). ppm. 13 C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 192.85, 160.12, 134.45, 133.80, 133.24, 130.31, 129.69, 129.36, 128.96, 128.83, 128.60, 77.22. ppm.
(2) 80℃에서 CRP를 사용한 α-포스포닐옥시 케톤의 합성(2) Synthesis of α-phosphonyloxy ketone using CRP at 80°C
80℃에서, N2 대기 하에, 자석 교반 막대가 장착된 오븐-건조된 둥근 바닥 플라스크 내 α-디카보닐 화합물(7)(985 mg, 6 mmol), 트리에틸 포스파이트(2)(1.24 ml, 7.2 mmol), 및 포름산(3)(1.13 ml, 30 mmol) 을 건조 DMF(90 ml, 30 ml 내 각 시약)에서 개별적으로 용해시켰다. 3개 시약을 개별적으로 적절히 혼합한 다음(약 2 분), 3개 용액 모두를 30mL NORM-JECT 플라스틱 시린지로 옮기고 2개 주사기 펌프를 통해 오븐(설정 온도; 80℃±2)에서 80℃로 유지하는 CRP 내로 도입하였다. 총 유속을 20.82 mL min-1로 설정하여 3.93 초의 체류 시간을 초래하였다. 정상 상태에 도달한 후, 생성물 샘플을 바이알 수집에서 반응기 말단의 aq. NaHCO3 용액으로 퀀칭하였다. 수집된 부피를 측정한 다음, 샘플을 에틸 아세테이트(150 mL)로 추출하였다. 수성 층을 에틸 아세테이트(3 x 50 mL)로 3회 세척하였다. 결합된 유기 층을 염수로 세척하였고, Na2SO4로 건조시켰으며, 감압 하에 증발시켰다. 그다음, 생산된 잔류물을 용리액으로서 석유 에테르/에틸 아세테이트(가변 비율)를 사용하여 실리카 겔(100-200 mesh)을 통한 컬럼 크로마토그래피로 정제하였다.At 80° C., under N 2 atmosphere, α-dicarbonyl compound (7) (985 mg, 6 mmol), triethyl phosphite (2) (1.24 ml, in an oven-dried round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar) 7.2 mmol), and formic acid (3) (1.13 ml, 30 mmol) were individually dissolved in dry DMF (90 ml, each reagent in 30 ml). After properly mixing the three reagents individually (approximately 2 minutes), transfer all three solutions to a 30 mL NORM-JECT plastic syringe and hold at 80°C in an oven (set temperature; 80°C±2) via two syringe pumps. Introduced into the CRP. The total flow rate was set to 20.82 mL min -1 resulting in a residence time of 3.93 seconds. After reaching steady state, the product sample was taken from the vial collection to the aq. It was quenched with NaHCO 3 solution. After measuring the collected volume, the sample was extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL). The aqueous layer was washed 3 times with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 and evaporated under reduced pressure. Then, the produced residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (100-200 mesh) using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (variable ratio) as an eluent.
이때, 디에틸(2-(4-메톡시페닐)-2-옥소에틸)포스페이트(8)는 무색 오일로서, 50% 분리 수율로 획득되고, 그 특성은 다음과 같다: 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.78 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H), 6.84 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 2H), 5.15 (d, J = 10.2 Hz, 2H), 4.11 (quin, J = 7.3 Hz, 4H), 3.76 (s, 3H), 1.26 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 6H). ppm. 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3): δ 190.58 (d, J = 4.4 Hz), 164.01, 129.96, 126.89, 113.98, 68.34 (d, J = 5.5 Hz), 64.15 (d, J = 6.6 Hz), 55.41, 15.95 (d, J = 6.6 Hz). ppm. 31P-NMR (242 MHz, CDCl3): δ 0.45. ppm.At this time, diethyl (2- (4-methoxyphenyl) -2-oxoethyl) phosphate (8) is a colorless oil, obtained in 50% separation yield, its properties are as follows: 1 H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 7.78 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H), 6.84 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 2H), 5.15 (d, J = 10.2 Hz, 2H), 4.11 (quin, J = 7.3 Hz, 4H), 3.76 (s, 3H), 1.26 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 6H). ppm. 13 C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 190.58 (d, J = 4.4 Hz), 164.01, 129.96, 126.89, 113.98, 68.34 (d, J = 5.5 Hz), 64.15 (d, J = 6.6 Hz) , 55.41, 15.95 (d, J = 6.6 Hz). ppm. 31 P-NMR (242 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 0.45. ppm.
또한, 2-하이드록시-1-(4-메톡시페닐)에타논(9)는 무색 오일로서, 5% 분리 수율로 획득되고, 그 특성은 다음과 같다: 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.90 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 6.97 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 4.82 (d, J = 4.6 Hz, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.57-3.56 (m, 1H). ppm. 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3): δ 196.84, 164.53, 130.15, 126.53, 114.34, 65.13, 55.71. ppm.In addition, 2-hydroxy-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone (9) is a colorless oil, obtained in 5% separation yield, and its properties are as follows: 1 H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 7.90 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 6.97 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 4.82 (d, J = 4.6 Hz, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.57-3.56 (m, 1H). ppm. 13 C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 196.84, 164.53, 130.15, 126.53, 114.34, 65.13, 55.71. ppm.
또한, 2-(4-메톡시페닐)-2-옥소에틸 포르메이트(10)는 흰색 고체로서, 7% 분리 수율로 획득되고, 그 특성은 다음과 같다: 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ 8.25 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 6.96 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 5.40 (s, 2H) 3.88 (s, 3H). ppm. 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3): δ 189.66, 164.35, 160.25, 130.25, 127.13, 114.28, 65.20, 55.69. ppm.In addition, 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl formate (10) is a white solid, obtained in 7% separation yield, and its properties are as follows: 1 H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 8.25 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 6.96 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 5.40 (s, 2H) 3.88 (s, 3H). ppm. 13 C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 189.66, 164.35, 160.25, 130.25, 127.13, 114.28, 65.20, 55.69. ppm.
폴리이미드(PI) 기반 미세반응기의 내구성 테스트 Durability test of polyimide (PI) based microreactor
유기 미세반응기의 개발에는 높은 내화학성과 열적 안정성이 필수 요건이다. 열적 안정성 및 내구성 테스트를 위해 폴리이미드 기반 간단한 선형 미세채널(폭: 300 ㎛, 높이: 125 ㎛, 길이: 25 cm) 장치를 제작하였다. 그 다음, 100℃ 및 150℃ 에서 5 일 동안 210 ㎕/min의 유량으로 HPLC 펌프를 사용하여 상이한 용매(톨루엔 및 DMSO)를 제조된 PI 장치에 도입하여 반응기 내구성을 조사하였다. 긴 연속-흐름 테스트 후, 본 발명자들은 장치의 입구에서 압력을 읽을 수 있는 HPLC 펌프에 의해, 상이한 조건 하에서 노출된 PI 기반 미세 유체 장치의 파열 압력을 측정하였다.High chemical resistance and thermal stability are essential requirements for the development of organic microreactors. For thermal stability and durability tests, a simple linear microchannel (width: 300 μm, height: 125 μm, length: 25 cm) device based on polyimide was fabricated. Then, different solvents (toluene and DMSO) were introduced into the prepared PI apparatus using an HPLC pump at a flow rate of 210 μl/min for 5 days at 100° C. and 150° C. to investigate reactor durability. After a long continuous-flow test, we measured the burst pressure of the PI-based microfluidic device exposed under different conditions by means of an HPLC pump capable of reading the pressure at the inlet of the device.
결과 및 토의Results and discussion
다양한 유기포스페이트의 합성 방법은 농약으로부터 생물학적 활성 포스페이트 의약에 이르는 광범위한 적용에 유용하다. 그러나, α-포스포닐옥시 케톤은 만족스럽지 않은 선택성으로 덜 널리 퍼지고, 중간체의 여분의 합성 단계를 포함하는 2 단계 접근법으로 주로 합성된다. 더욱이, α-포스포닐옥시 케톤에 대한 단일-단계 및 빠른 합성 경로는 효율적인 스케일-업 생산에 매우 바람직하다. 그러나, 보고된 경로는 대량의 부산물로 증가된 온도에서 조차 수십 시간이 필요하다. 본 발명에서, 고반응성 종으로서 벤질(1)은 트리에틸 포스파이트(2)와 쉽게 결합하기 위해 채택되었지만, 이러한 접근법은 여전히 상당한 양의 바람직하지 않은 부산물을 생산한다. 실온에서 용매로서 톨루엔 내 시약을 크로스 혼합기를 통해 상이한 농도 및 유량으로 단순 퍼플루오로 알콕시 알칸(PFA) 모세관(0.50 mm 직경, 1 m 길이) 내로 주입함으로써 연속-흐름 화학을 수행하였다(표 1의 항목 1-5 및 도 6의 a)). Methods of synthesizing various organophosphates are useful for a wide range of applications from pesticides to biologically active phosphate medicines. However, α-phosphonyloxy ketones are less prevalent with unsatisfactory selectivity, and are mainly synthesized in a two-step approach involving an extra synthetic step of intermediates. Moreover, the single-step and fast synthetic route to α-phosphonyloxy ketones is highly desirable for efficient scale-up production. However, the reported route requires tens of hours even at elevated temperatures with large amounts of by-products. In the present invention, benzyl (1) as a highly reactive species has been adopted to readily bind triethyl phosphite (2), but this approach still produces significant amounts of undesirable by-products. Continuous-flow chemistry was performed by injecting reagents in toluene as solvent at room temperature into simple perfluoro alkoxy alkanes (PFA) capillaries (0.50 mm diameter, 1 m length) at different concentrations and flow rates through a cross mixer (Table 1). Items 1-5 and 6a)).
* 반응 조건: 퍼플루오로알콕시 알칸(PFA) 모세관(0.50 mm 직경, 1 m 길이)가 용매 내(1)의 0.067M(1 mmol 크기)로 사용되었다.(1)에 대하여,(2)의 1.2 당량 및(5)의 5.0 당량이 최적화를 위해 확인되었다. RT = 23-26℃. * Reaction conditions: Perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA) capillary (0.50 mm diameter, 1 m length) was used at 0.067M (1 mmol size) in the solvent (1). For (1), in (2) 1.2 equivalents and 5.0 equivalents of (5) were identified for optimization. RT = 23-26 °C.
표 1에 나타난 바와 같이, 포름산(3)의 존재는 반응을 상당히 가속화시켜, 각각 5% 및 21% 수율로 부산물인 벤조인(5) 및 옥시-포르밀화된 생성물(6)과 함께, 3 mL/min의 총 유속에서 매우 짧은 시간(3.93 초)으로 67% 수율로 원하는 α-포스포닐옥시 케톤(4)을 수득하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. As shown in Table 1, the presence of formic acid (3) significantly accelerated the reaction, with the by-products benzoin (5) and oxy-formylated product (6) in 5% and 21% yields, respectively, 3 mL. It was found to give the desired α-phosphonyloxy ketone (4) in 67% yield in a very short time (3.93 sec) at a total flow rate of /min.
한편, α-포스포닐옥시 케톤 생성물(4)은 66% 수율로, 부산물(5) 및(6)은 각각 5% 및 22% 수율로 수득되었다. 반응 완료 후, CRP를 에탄올로 세척하였고(2 회), 다음 반응을 위해 건조시켰다. 반응 성능 및 반응기 안정성의 신뢰성을 확인하기 위해, 동일한 절차에 따라 동일한 반응을 여러 번 반복하였다(표 2의 항목 1-4 및 도 6의 a)). On the other hand, α-phosphonyloxy ketone product (4) was obtained in 66% yield, and by-products (5) and (6) were obtained in 5% and 22% yield, respectively. After completion of the reaction, CRP was washed with ethanol (twice) and dried for the next reaction. In order to confirm the reliability of the reaction performance and reactor stability, the same reaction was repeated several times according to the same procedure (items 1-4 in Table 2 and a) in FIG. 6).
* 반응 조건: α-디카르보닐 화합물(1)(1.26 gram 크기, 6 mmol), 트리에틸 포스파이트(2)(1.24 mL, 7.2 mmol), 및 포름산(3)(1.13 mL, 30 mmol); 총 유속= 20.82 ml/min(체류 시간: 3.93 s, 총 반응기 부피: 1.38 mL), RT: 25℃. * Reaction conditions: α-dicarbonyl compound (1) (1.26 gram size, 6 mmol), triethyl phosphite (2) (1.24 mL, 7.2 mmol), and formic acid (3) (1.13 mL, 30 mmol); Total flow rate = 20.82 ml/min (retention time: 3.93 s, total reactor volume: 1.38 mL), RT: 25°C.
모든 경우에, 생성물(4)의 수율은 표 2에 나타난 바와 같이, 거의 변동없이 비교적 잘 유지되었다. α-포스포닐옥시 케톤에 대해 확립된 빠른 합성 화학으로, 가능한 한 작은 영역 내에서 가능한 한 많은 원하는 약물 전구체를 생산하기 위한 미세 유체 구조에 대한 과제가 남아 있다. 단순히 넘버링-업함으로써 유기포스페이트의 높은 생산량을 획득하기 위해, PFA 튜브는 반응을 수행하기 위한 많은 교차 접합을 사용하기 때문에 적합하지 않다. 이는 펌프와 같은 작동을 위한 인프라의 수를 증가시켜, 매우 큰 충전 공간 및 정확한 프로세스 제어의 어려움을 초래한다. 이에, 본 발명자들은 작은 설치 공간에서 균일한 유량 분배기, 효율적인 혼합기 및 빠른 반응의 다양한 기능을 가진 직렬 흐름 경로를 설계함으로써, 혁신적인 넘버링-업 미세반응기를 개발하였다. CRP의 기본 구조는 2개 뱅크의 반응기 사이에 통합된 미세-흐름 회로를 위한 채널이고(도 1a의 a)), 각 뱅크는 다수의 미세반응기를 포함한다. 본원에서 테스트한 CRP의 경우, 각 슬롯에 8개 미세반응기가 있다. 따라서, 미세 반응기에 16개의 공급 입구가 있고, 각각 입구 라인은 3개 상이한 시약에 대한 3개 라인의 흐름을 취한다. 본 발명자들이 설계한 큰-스케일 시스템을 위한 반응기는 흐름 분배기, 혼합기 및 반응기로서 작동하기 위해, 특정 방식으로 배열된 튜브 라인의 통합된 어레이로 구성된다. 이러한 흐름 라인은 가능할 때마다, CRP의 설치 공간을 최소화하기 위해, 수직으로 감겨지고 정렬되었다. 16 개 반응기 각각은 1.6m 길이의 미세-흐름 라인이고, 위쪽으로 감겨 수직으로 3 회전하였다. CRP 패드의 폭은 170 mm이고, 길이는 170 mm이고, 두께는 1.2 mm이며, 유동-보조 반응 공간으로서 총 내부 부피는 1.38 mL이다. 특히, 얇은 패널 모듈은 가열될 때 균일한 온도에 대해 우수한 열 전도를 보장한다. CRP는 4개 금속 핀을 이용하여 레이저 절제에 의해 각각 패터닝되고 바인더로 코팅된, 9개의 필름을 정렬함으로써 및 정렬된 층을 열적으로 결합시킴으로써 제작되었다. 제작된 CRP는 도 1a의 c)에 도시되었다. CRP는 2개 플레이트의 금속 프레임으로 조여졌고, 플레이트는 3개 반응물(1, 2 및 3)의 도입을 위한 3개 입구 및 생성물의 수집을 위한 16개 출구로 연결되었다(도 1a의 d)). 본 발명자들이 제작을 위해 선택한 재료는 플루오로에틸렌 프로필렌(FEP)-폴리이미드(PI) 필름 하이브리드였고, 이는 폴리머-기반 미세반응기로 이어졌다. In all cases, the yield of product (4) was maintained relatively well with little variation, as shown in Table 2. With the fast synthetic chemistry established for α-phosphonyloxy ketones, the challenge remains for microfluidic structures to produce as many desired drug precursors as possible within as small a region as possible. In order to obtain a high yield of organophosphate by simply numbering-up, PFA tubes are not suitable because they use many cross-junctions to carry out the reaction. This increases the number of infrastructure for operation such as pumps, resulting in very large filling spaces and difficulties in accurate process control. Accordingly, the present inventors have developed an innovative numbering-up microreactor by designing a series flow path with various functions of a uniform flow distributor, an efficient mixer and a fast reaction in a small installation space. The basic structure of CRP is a channel for the micro-flow circuit integrated between the two banks of reactors (Fig. 1a a)), and each bank contains a number of microreactors. For the CRP tested here, there are 8 microreactors in each slot. Thus, there are 16 feed inlets to the microreactor, each inlet line taking a flow of 3 lines for 3 different reagents. The reactor for a large-scale system designed by the present inventors consists of an integrated array of tube lines arranged in a specific manner, to operate as a flow distributor, mixer and reactor. These flow lines were vertically wound and aligned whenever possible, to minimize the footprint of the CRP. Each of the 16 reactors is a 1.6 m long micro-flow line, wound upward and three turns vertically. The width of the CRP pad is 170 mm, the length is 170 mm, the thickness is 1.2 mm, and the total internal volume as a flow-assisted reaction space is 1.38 mL. In particular, the thin panel module ensures excellent heat conduction for a uniform temperature when heated. The CRP was fabricated by aligning nine films, each patterned by laser ablation using four metal pins and coated with a binder, and by thermally bonding the aligned layers. The produced CRP is shown in Figure 1a c). The CRP was screwed into a metal frame of 2 plates, the plate connected to 3 inlets for the introduction of 3 reactants (1, 2 and 3) and 16 outlets for the collection of products (Fig. 1a d)) . The material we selected for fabrication was a fluoroethylene propylene (FEP)-polyimide (PI) film hybrid, which led to a polymer-based microreactor.
하이브리드는 뛰어난 물리적 단단함, 최대 ~ 160 bar의 압력에 견딤 및 강한 염기 또는 염소화된 용매를 제외한 다양한 유기 매질에 대한 화학적 불활성 부스팅을 제공한다. 따라서, 레이저 절제에 의해 패턴화되고 열적 접착제로서 FEP로 코팅된 PI 층을 적층함으로써 설계된 CRP 플랫폼을 제작하였다. 정렬된 9개 PI 필름 층을 1단계에서 10 kPa에서 320℃에서 5시간 동안 열적으로 접합시켰다(도 1b). 이러한 3차원적으로 통합된 미세-흐름 회로에서, 분기점 흐름 분할을 사용하여 수반된 흐름을 균등하게 분배하였다. 균일한 흐름 분배 분석을 위해, 본 발명자들은 계산 유체 역학(CFD)으로 설계된 미세채널 구조를 시뮬레이션하였다. 중앙에서 개별적인 입구를 통한 동일한 유속(6.94 mL/분, 총: 20.82 mL/min)에서 주입된 3개 시약을 2개 반대쪽으로 분할하여 분기점 흐름 분할에 의해 균일하게 분배한다. 16개 반응기 내로 흐름 분배의 균일성은 널리 사용되는 바와 같이 이상분배 인자(MF)에 의해 결정되었다. MF 값은 다음과 같이 정의된다. The hybrid offers excellent physical rigidity, withstands pressures up to ~ 160 bar, and a chemically inert boost to various organic media except strong bases or chlorinated solvents. Thus, a designed CRP platform was fabricated by laminating a PI layer patterned by laser ablation and coated with FEP as a thermal adhesive. The aligned 9 PI film layers were thermally bonded at 320°C for 5 hours at 10 kPa in step 1 (FIG. 1B). In this three-dimensionally integrated micro-flow circuit, branch point flow division was used to evenly distribute the accompanying flow. For homogeneous flow distribution analysis, we simulated microchannel structures designed with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The three reagents injected at the same flow rate (6.94 mL/min, total: 20.82 mL/min) through individual inlets in the center were divided into two opposite sides and distributed evenly by branch point flow division. The uniformity of the flow distribution into the 16 reactors was determined by the ideal distribution factor (MF) as widely used. The MF value is defined as follows.
여기서, n은 출구 채널의 수이고, mi는 i번째 출구 채널의 질량이고, ma는 출구 채널의 평균 질량이다. MF는 출구의 평균 질량에 대한 표준 편차의 비율이다. 따라서, 낮은 MF 값은 출구 채널 사이의 유속 분배가 균일하다는 것을 의미한다. 16 개 출구로부터 질량 유량에 대한 이론적인 MF 값은 0.46%로 일반적으로 허용가능한 MF 값(4%)보다 훨씬 낮다. 균일한 유속 분배를 실험적으로 검증하기 위해, 16개 출구로부터 용액을 150초 동안 개별적으로 수집하여 평균 MF 값을 측정하였다. 실험적인 MF 0.55%는 CFD에 의해 계산된 MF 값(0.46%)과 잘 일치하였고, 이는 16 개 반응 채널 중 혼합 시약의 동일한 체류 시간을 나타낸다. 균일한 유량 분배 외에도, 총 반응 시간이 3.93 초임을 고려할 때, 각 반응기의 전면에서 합쳐지는 2개 시약의 경우 완전한 혼합에 매우 짧은 시간이 필요하다(도 3b). 3개 반응물(벤질(1), 트리 에틸 포스파이트(2) 및 포름산(3))은 16 개 미세채널에 독립적으로 분배되고, 각 미세반응기의 전면에 카오스를 유발하는 T형 미세채널 구조에서 합쳐졌다(도 1a의 a)).Where n is the number of outlet channels, m i is the mass of the i-th outlet channel, and m a is the average mass of the outlet channels. MF is the ratio of the standard deviation to the average mass at the outlet. Thus, a low MF value means that the distribution of flow velocity between the outlet channels is uniform. The theoretical MF value for mass flow from 16 outlets is 0.46%, much lower than the generally acceptable MF value (4%). In order to experimentally verify the uniform flow rate distribution, solutions were collected individually for 150 seconds from 16 outlets to determine the average MF value. The experimental MF 0.55% matched well with the MF value calculated by CFD (0.46%), indicating the same residence time of the mixed reagents in the 16 reaction channels. In addition to the uniform flow rate distribution, considering that the total reaction time is 3.93 seconds, a very short time is required for complete mixing for the two reagents combined at the front of each reactor (Fig. 3b). The three reactants (benzyl (1), triethyl phosphite (2) and formic acid (3)) are independently distributed in 16 microchannels, and are combined in a T-type microchannel structure that causes chaos in the front of each microreactor. Lost (Fig. 1a a)).
유체 계면의 빠른 왜곡 및 신장을 수반하는 이류는 잘 알려져 있다. 빠른 혼합을 위해 반응물 사이에 큰 이류를 발생시키도록 구불구불하게 구조화된 채널의 측면 충돌 유형을 제작하였다. 균일하게 분배된 시약(1) 및(2)는 제1 T형 혼합 지점에서 처음 혼합된 다음, 제2 T형 혼합 지점에서 시약(3)을 만나, 모든 시약이 혼합되기 시작한다(도 3a). 채널 구조에 따라 3가지 다른 유체의 혼합의 정도를 정량화하기 위해, 톨루엔 내 시약(1)의 부피 분율은 흐름에 따라 고려되었다. 3개 유체의 혼합 정도는 혼합 효율에 의해 정량화되었다. Advection with rapid distortion and elongation of fluid interfaces is well known. For rapid mixing, a side impact type of serpentinely structured channel was constructed to generate large advection between the reactants. Evenly distributed reagents (1) and (2) are first mixed at the first T-type mixing point, then meet the reagent (3) at the second T-type mixing point, and all reagents begin to be mixed (Fig. 3A). . In order to quantify the degree of mixing of the three different fluids according to the channel structure, the volume fraction of the
여기서, 이고, σ는 단면적에서 농도의 표준 편차이고, N은 채널 단면에서 노드의 수이고, ci는 채널 단면 i의 샘플 노드에서 국소 농도이고, cin는 입구에서 평균 농도이며, σmax는 농도의 최대 표준 편차이다. 3 개 반응물의 부피 분율이 동일하게 0.33에 도달할 때, 완전한 혼합 효율이 달성되는 것으로 가정될 수 있다. 결과적으로, 합류 구역으로부터 2.71 mm 채널을 유동할 때 총 유속 21 mL/분으로 2.32 ms만을 취함으로써 3 개 시약의 완전한 혼합을 달성하였다. 추가적으로, 3 mL/min로 낮은 유속에서 혼합 효율은 도 3a에 나타난 바와 같이, 98% 이상의 유사한 효율로 확인되었다. 시약(2) 및(3)의 부피 분율에서 계산된 혼합 효율 역시 동일한 결과를 보였다(도 3b). 도 3b에 나타난 바와 같이, 3개 시약의 완전한 혼합은 합류 구역으로부터 2.71 mm 채널을 유동할 때 상이한 유속(21 ml/min ~ 3 ml/min)에서 2.32 ms 내지 16.3 ms로 짧은 체류 시간을 취함으로써 달성된다. 따라서, 제작된 CRP의 성능을 테스트하였다. 공급은 포름산((3), 5.0 당량), 트리에틸 포스파이트((2), 1.2 당량) 및 벤질((1), 1.0 당량, 1.26 g 크기)로 구성되었다. 용매에 용해된 시약((1), (2) 및 (3))을 7 mL/min의 유속으로 CRP의 중앙에 위치한 3개 개별 입구 내로 개별적으로 도입하였고, 총 유속은 21 mL/분이다. 3.93 초의 체류 시간으로 반응이 완료된 후, 예상된 생성물(4)를 66% 수율로 분리하였고, 부산물(4) 및(5)를 5% 및 22% 수율로 형성하였다. 이러한 수율은 모세관 반응기의 수율과 거의 동일하다. 놀랍게도, 합성을 위한 높은 반응성 시약의 사용은 종종 부산물을 생산하는 것을 수반한다. CRP 플랫폼은 실온에서 19.2 g/h의 생성물(4)를 생산하였으며, 이는 1/6 톤의 약물 전구체의 연간 생산에 해당한다. here, , Σ is the standard deviation of the concentration in the cross-sectional area, N is the number of nodes in the channel cross-section, c i is the local concentration at the sample node in the channel cross-section i, c in is the average concentration at the inlet, and σ max is the concentration of Is the maximum standard deviation. When the volume fractions of the three reactants equally reach 0.33, it can be assumed that complete mixing efficiency is achieved. As a result, complete mixing of the three reagents was achieved by taking only 2.32 ms with a total flow rate of 21 mL/min when flowing a 2.71 mm channel from the confluence zone. Additionally, the mixing efficiency at a flow rate as low as 3 mL/min was confirmed as a similar efficiency of 98% or more, as shown in FIG. 3A. The mixing efficiency calculated from the volume fraction of reagents (2) and (3) also showed the same result (Fig. 3b). As shown in Figure 3b, complete mixing of the three reagents is achieved by taking a short residence time of 2.32 ms to 16.3 ms at different flow rates (21 ml/min to 3 ml/min) when flowing through a 2.71 mm channel from the confluence zone. Is achieved. Therefore, the performance of the produced CRP was tested. The feed consisted of formic acid ((3), 5.0 eq), triethyl phosphite ((2), 1.2 eq) and benzyl ((1), 1.0 eq, 1.26 g size). Reagents ((1), (2) and (3)) dissolved in the solvent were individually introduced into three separate inlets located in the center of the CRP at a flow rate of 7 mL/min, with a total flow rate of 21 mL/min. After the reaction was completed with a residence time of 3.93 seconds, the expected product (4) was separated in 66% yield, and by-products (4) and (5) were formed in 5% and 22% yield. This yield is almost the same as that of the capillary reactor. Surprisingly, the use of highly reactive reagents for synthesis often entails producing by-products. The CRP platform produced 19.2 g/h of product (4) at room temperature, which corresponds to an annual production of 1/6 ton of drug precursor.
* 항목 1~4: 반응 조건; 톨루엔 내 벤질(1)(1.26 gram 크기, 6 mmol), 트리에틸 포스파이트(2)(1.24 mL, 7.2 mmol), 및 포름산(3)(1.13 mL, 30 mmol); 총 유속= 20.82 ml/min(체류 시간: 3.93 s, 총 반응기 부피: 1.38 mL), RT: 25℃. 항목 5: DMF 내 α-디카보닐 화합물(7)(985 mg, 6mmol), 트리에틸 포스파이트(2)(1.24 mL, 7.2 mmol), 및 포름산(3)(1.13 mL, 30 mmol).* Items 1-4: reaction conditions; Benzyl (1) (1.26 gram size, 6 mmol) in toluene, triethyl phosphite (2) (1.24 mL, 7.2 mmol), and formic acid (3) (1.13 mL, 30 mmol); Total flow rate = 20.82 ml/min (retention time: 3.93 s, total reactor volume: 1.38 mL), RT: 25°C. Item 5: α-dicarbonyl compound (7) (985 mg, 6 mmol) in DMF, triethyl phosphite (2) (1.24 mL, 7.2 mmol), and formic acid (3) (1.13 mL, 30 mmol).
표 3의 항목 1-5 및 도 6의 a)-b)에 나타난 바와 같이, CRP의 신뢰성은 여러번 반복된 반응을 수행함으로써 모니터링되었다. 생성물(4)의 수율은 거의 변화 없이 비교적 양호하게 유지되었다(65-66% 수율). 증가된 온도에서 CRP의 성능을 시험하기 위해, 화합물(7)로부터 다른 α-포스포닐옥시 케톤(8)을 80℃에서 60% 수율로 합성하였다(표 3의 항목 5). 한편, α-포스포닐옥시 케톤 생성물(8)은 60% 수율로, 부산물(9) 및(10)은 각각 4% 및 14% 수율로 수득되었다(표 3). 반응 완료 후, CRP를 에탄올로 세척하였고(2 회), 다음 반응을 위해 건조시켰다. As shown in items 1-5 of Table 3 and a)-b) of FIG. 6, the reliability of CRP was monitored by performing the reaction repeated several times. The yield of product (4) remained relatively good with little change (65-66% yield). To test the performance of CRP at elevated temperature, another α-phosphonyloxy ketone (8) from compound (7) was synthesized at 80° C. in 60% yield (
또한, CRP의 내구성을 테스트하여 패드를 5 일 동안 100℃ 및 150℃의 높은 온도에서 2개 유기 용매(톨루엔, 디메틸 설폭사이드)를 지속적으로 주입하였다(도 6). 노출된 미세채널은 157 ~ 161 bar의 파열 압력을 견뎌내고 결함없이 매끄러운 표면 형태를 유지하면서 원래의 결합 강도를 유지하였다. 구체적으로, 유기 용매 테스트 없이 제조된 반응기에서, 파열 압력은 거의 16.3 MPa였다. PI 기반 미세장치를 100℃에서 톨루엔 및 150℃에서 DMSO에 노출시킨 후, 파열 압력은 각각 약 15.7 MPa 및 16.1MPa였다. 이는 장치가 유기 용매에서 고온에 노출된 경우에도 CRP의 성능이 유지됨을 보여준다. 또한, 본 발명자들은 PI 미세반응기의 채널 표면의 SEM 이미지를 사용하여 고온에서 유기 용매 하에 노출시킨 후 FEP 코팅된 폴리이미드 필름의 형태를 확인하였다. FEP 코팅된 폴리이미드 미세 채널 표면의 형태는 유기 용매에서 고온에 노출된 후에도 변하지 않았다(도 6). In addition, by testing the durability of CRP, two organic solvents (toluene, dimethyl sulfoxide) were continuously injected at a high temperature of 100° C. and 150° C. for 5 days (FIG. 6). The exposed microchannels withstand the burst pressure of 157 ~ 161 bar and maintain the original bond strength while maintaining a smooth surface shape without defects. Specifically, in a reactor prepared without organic solvent testing, the burst pressure was approximately 16.3 MPa. After exposing the PI-based microdevices to toluene at 100° C. and DMSO at 150° C., the burst pressures were about 15.7 MPa and 16.1 MPa, respectively. This shows that the performance of CRP is maintained even when the device is exposed to high temperatures in organic solvents. In addition, the present inventors confirmed the shape of the FEP-coated polyimide film after exposure to an organic solvent at high temperature using SEM images of the channel surface of the PI microreactor. The shape of the surface of the FEP-coated polyimide microchannel did not change even after exposure to high temperature in an organic solvent (FIG. 6).
소형 패드 내로 16 세트의 미세반응기를 내장함으로써 비용-효과적인 방식으로 폴리이미드 필름으로 구성된 소형 넘버링-업 미세반응기 시스템을 제작하였다. 9 개 패턴화된 필름 층을 적층함으로써 패드 형태의 합성-모듈의 모듈 구조를 유연하게 구성하였다. 통합된 미세-흐름 회로는 분기점 라인을 따라 16개 모든 반응기로의 균일한 흐름 분배, 밀리초에서 완벽한 혼합 및 수초 내에 원하는 합성을 달성하였다. 제작된 '패드 형태의 소형 합성-모듈'(CRP, 170 x 170 x 1.2 mm) 시스템은 빠른(유지 시간 3.93초) 단일-단계 방식으로 유기포스페이트의 높은 처리량 생산을 성공적으로 증명하였다. 단일 모세관 반응기에 의해 설정된 사전-최적화된 작동 조건 하에, α-포스포닐옥시 케톤은 실온에서 수율 66%로 ~19 g/h 수득된 반면, 다른 유도체는 상승된 80℃에서 수율 60%로 ~15 g/h 합성하였다. CRP에 배치된 미세-흐름 레이아웃의 간단한 적층은 반응 부피를 곱하여 처리량을 간단히 증가시킬 수 있다. 따라서, 이러한 작은 설치 공간 및 고용량 플랫 대용량 플랫폼은 필요시 약학을 위한 휴대용 데스크탑 공장의 출현을 가능하게 하며, 약학 제조에서 패러다임 전환을 제공한다. By embedding 16 sets of microreactors into a small pad, a small numbering-up microreactor system composed of polyimide film was fabricated in a cost-effective manner. By laminating 9 patterned film layers, the modular structure of the pad-type synthesis-module was flexibly constructed. The integrated micro-flow circuit achieves uniform flow distribution to all 16 reactors along the branch line, perfect mixing in milliseconds, and the desired synthesis in seconds. The fabricated'pad-type compact synthesis-module' (CRP, 170 x 170 x 1.2 mm) system has successfully demonstrated high throughput production of organophosphates in a fast (retention time 3.93 seconds) single-step method. Under the pre-optimized operating conditions set by a single capillary reactor, α-phosphonyloxy ketone was obtained at room temperature with a yield of ∼19 g/h in 66%, while other derivatives at an elevated 80°C with a yield of ∼15 at 60%. g/h was synthesized. A simple stacking of micro-flow layouts placed on the CRP can simply increase the throughput by multiplying the reaction volume. Therefore, such a small installation space and a high-capacity, flat, large-capacity platform enable the emergence of portable desktop factories for pharmacies when necessary, and provide a paradigm shift in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
전술한 본 발명의 설명은 예시를 위한 것이며, 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자는 본 발명의 기술적 사상이나 필수적인 특징을 변경하지 않고서 다른 구체적인 형태로 쉽게 변형이 가능하다는 것을 이해할 수 있을 것이다. 그러므로 이상에서 기술한 실시예들은 모든 면에서 예시적인 것이며 한정적이 아닌 것으로 이해해야만 한다. The above description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to understand that it can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not limiting.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2019-0055040 | 2019-05-10 | ||
| KR20190055040 | 2019-05-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2020231017A1 true WO2020231017A1 (en) | 2020-11-19 |
Family
ID=73289436
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2020/005004 Ceased WO2020231017A1 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2020-04-14 | Polyimide film-based synthesis module, method for preparing same and method for mass-producing organic phosphate compound using same |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR102372875B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020231017A1 (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6392089B1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2002-05-21 | University Of Maryland | Photoreleasable protecting groups on alcohols, phosphates and diacids and the use thereof |
| JP2002346353A (en) * | 2001-05-28 | 2002-12-03 | Yamatake Corp | Micro mixer |
| KR20060026016A (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2006-03-22 | 벨로시스, 인코포레이티드 | How to Convert Hydrocarbons to Oxygenates or Nitriles |
| KR20060072674A (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-28 | 주식회사 이노윌 | Microchannel Reactor Using 3D Microchannel |
| KR101092379B1 (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-12-09 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | Microreactor using polymer film and preparing method of the same |
| KR101567458B1 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2015-11-09 | 아이라인 마이크로시스템즈, 에스.엘. | Microfluidic device and method for fluid clotting time determination |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101229257B1 (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2013-02-04 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | Method of making film microreactor with 3-dimensional multilayered microchannel |
-
2020
- 2020-04-14 WO PCT/KR2020/005004 patent/WO2020231017A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2020-04-14 KR KR1020200045247A patent/KR102372875B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6392089B1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2002-05-21 | University Of Maryland | Photoreleasable protecting groups on alcohols, phosphates and diacids and the use thereof |
| JP2002346353A (en) * | 2001-05-28 | 2002-12-03 | Yamatake Corp | Micro mixer |
| KR20060026016A (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2006-03-22 | 벨로시스, 인코포레이티드 | How to Convert Hydrocarbons to Oxygenates or Nitriles |
| KR20060072674A (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-28 | 주식회사 이노윌 | Microchannel Reactor Using 3D Microchannel |
| KR101567458B1 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2015-11-09 | 아이라인 마이크로시스템즈, 에스.엘. | Microfluidic device and method for fluid clotting time determination |
| KR101092379B1 (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-12-09 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | Microreactor using polymer film and preparing method of the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102372875B1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
| KR20200130111A (en) | 2020-11-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5882465A (en) | Method of manufacturing microfluidic devices | |
| US6425972B1 (en) | Methods of manufacturing microfabricated substrates | |
| EP0754084B1 (en) | Microreactor for a modular system | |
| CN102165076B (en) | Method and system for manufacturing integrated fluidic chips | |
| US7241423B2 (en) | Enhancing fluid flow in a stacked plate microreactor | |
| AU742931B2 (en) | Microfluidic articles and method of manufacturing same | |
| US6537506B1 (en) | Miniaturized reaction apparatus | |
| KR100507426B1 (en) | Chemical microreactors and method for their manufacture | |
| Yim et al. | Compact reaction-module on a pad for scalable flow-production of organophosphates as drug scaffolds | |
| US9827549B2 (en) | Modular reactor and system | |
| US20100184928A1 (en) | Multiple continuous microfluidic reactors for the scaled up synthesis of gel or polymer particles | |
| JP2002085961A (en) | REACTOR AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD | |
| EP2444149B1 (en) | Manufacturing method for small-sized reactors | |
| CN101698146B (en) | Microscale reactor for synthesizing radioactive drug and application thereof | |
| KR20100101150A (en) | Microreactor assembly incorporating an interconnecting element | |
| WO2020231017A1 (en) | Polyimide film-based synthesis module, method for preparing same and method for mass-producing organic phosphate compound using same | |
| CN113578404B (en) | A multi-concentration microdroplet chip oriented to drug microspheres and its manufacturing method | |
| US8951485B2 (en) | Devices and methods for microreactor fluid distribution | |
| KR102598562B1 (en) | Microfluidic reactor for controlling chemical reaction and chemical reaction control method using the same | |
| EP1926356A1 (en) | Product having a solid body and one or more rooms inside | |
| CN105312016A (en) | Chemical synthesis device and method for manufacturing chemical synthesis device | |
| KR102495709B1 (en) | Multisynthesis method of compound library and parallel synthesis device of compound library using same | |
| CN104144745B (en) | Fluid modules permanent stack assembly and method | |
| US20090074637A1 (en) | Optimized Modular Microfluidic Devices | |
| Shen et al. | A Dynamic Micromixer for Arbitrary Control of Disguised Chemical Selectivity |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 20805083 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 20805083 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |