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WO2020214859A1 - Procédé de réduction de matière végétale de cannabis pour une biodisponibilité améliorée - Google Patents

Procédé de réduction de matière végétale de cannabis pour une biodisponibilité améliorée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020214859A1
WO2020214859A1 PCT/US2020/028588 US2020028588W WO2020214859A1 WO 2020214859 A1 WO2020214859 A1 WO 2020214859A1 US 2020028588 W US2020028588 W US 2020028588W WO 2020214859 A1 WO2020214859 A1 WO 2020214859A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cannabis plant
plant matter
cannabis
matter
reducing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2020/028588
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English (en)
Inventor
Rory Chesley Patrick MILLIKIN
Matthew Kennedy
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Drive Foods Corp
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Drive Foods Corp
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/348—Cannabaceae
    • A61K36/3482—Cannabis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline 
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/658—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients o-phenolic cannabinoids, e.g. cannabidiol, cannabigerolic acid, cannabichromene or tetrahydrocannabinol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to cannabis, and more particular an improved method for extracting cannabinoids for improved bioavailability.
  • Cannabis as a health supplement has been practiced for over 1,000 years. Traditionally cannabis is heated to release cannabinoids, primary
  • cannabinoids offer many benefits to users, and there are a variety of methods to make cannabinoids available to the user.
  • the present invention provides an improved method for extracting cannabinoids from cannabis for improved bioavailability.
  • the predetermined moisture from the cannabis plant matter is removed via cold-pressing.
  • the cannabis plant matter is dehydrated.
  • the grinder is a ball milling machine.
  • a step of placing the cannabis plant matter in a controlled environment having a relative humidity and dehumidifying the cannabis plant matter via lowering the relative humidity to a predetermined relative humidity level is provided.
  • a step of removing trichomes from the cannabis plant matter to reduce the stickiness of the cannabis plant matter such that the cannabis plant matter is reducible to the nanoparticle size is provided.
  • the provided cannabis plant matter is harvested at a predetermined time.
  • the predetermined time is a vegetative state, and the cannabis plant matter is the whole plant. In another embodiment, the predetermined time is a late-growing cycle, wherein the cannabis plant matter comprising over ripe trichomes such that the cannabis plant matter has elevated levels of cannabinolic acid.
  • a step of adding the nanoparticle powder to a lipid solvent to create a cannabinoid lipid solution is provided.
  • a step of adding the nanoparticle powder to tea or coffee, during a brewing process is provided.
  • a step of increasing the bioavailability of the nanoparticles via a lipsomes or liposomes-like delivery system is provided.
  • the provided cannabis plant matter has been previously dried and then rehydrated prior to step (b).
  • the rehydration process includes submerging the previously dried cannabis plant matter is a liquid for a predetermined time, wherein the liquid is distilled water or a saline solution.
  • a method of improved bioavailability of cannabinoids comprising step (a) providing cannabis plant matter having trichomes and terpenes; (b) adding the cannabis plant matter to a lipid solvent forming a mixture, wherein the lipid solvent is at a predetermined temperature; (c) agitating the cannabis plant matter to promote the separation of the trichomes and terpenes from the cannabis plant matter; (d) allowing the extraction of the cannabinoids from the cannabis plant matter for a predetermined time; and, (e) filtering the mixture to remove any cannabis plant matter not extracted from step (d).
  • the lipid solvent is coconut oil and the predetermined temperature is greater than 75 degrees Fahrenheit such that the coconut oil is a liquid. In one embodiment, the predetermined temperature is approximately 220 to 300 degrees Fahrenheit such that decarboxylation occurs. In one embodiment, the predetermined time is approximately 40 minutes, which is generally the time the maximum amount of cannabinoids is extracted. In another embodiment, a step of homogenizing the coconut oil such that the cannabinoids are dispersed evenly, and then cooling the coconut oil such that it is in the solid state is provided.
  • a nanoparticle cannabis plant matter powder prepared by a process comprising the steps of: (a) providing cannabis plant matter; (b) drying the cannabis plant matter; (c) grinding the cannabis plant matter in increase the surface area of the cannabis plant matter; (d) performing a stickiness reduction method to the cannabis plant matter; (e) dehydrating the cannabis plant matter; and, (f) reducing the particle size of the cannabis plant matter to a nanoparticle cannabis plant matter powder via a particle reducing method or a particle reducing machine.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow diagram detailing method steps for reducing cannabis plant matter particle size according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 2A-B show a flow diagram detailing alternative method steps for reducing cannabis plant matter particle size according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram detailing method steps for extracting cannabis using lipids is provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow diagram detailing method steps for extracting cannabinoids using cold water according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 5A-B show a flow diagram detailing alternative method steps for reducing cannabis plant matter particle size according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 6A-B show a flow diagram detailing alternative method steps for reducing cannabis plant matter particle size according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a flow diagram detailing method steps for preparing a nanoparticle cannabis powder for consumer applications, such as topicals.
  • the word“a” is defined to mean“at least one.”
  • the word“cannabis” is defined to mean“any species of the cannabis genus of flowing plants including cannabis sativa, cannabis indica, cannabis ruderalis, and hemp.”
  • the terminology includes the words above specifically mentioned, derivatives thereof, and words of similar import.
  • the particle size of the cannabis plant matter is between 100 and 200 nanometers, as nanoparticle cannabis plant matter is most desirable for bioavailability.
  • the particular size is ultrafine, having a range between 1 and 100 nanometers.
  • the particle size is less than 100 nanometers.
  • reducing the particle size to these ranges is very difficult, and requires specific steps, as cannabis plant matter is extremely sticky, and has a tendency to adhere and clump during the particle reduction size process.
  • “ultrafine” and“nanoparticles” are analogous.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow diagram detailing method steps 100 for reducing cannabis plant matter particle size.
  • step 101 cannabis plant matter is provided, wherein the cannabis plant matter is pressed and/or squeezed to remove a predetermined liquid percentage from the cannabis plant matter.
  • the predetermined liquid percentage is the maximum amount of liquid which can be removed from pressing and/or squeezing the cannabis plant matter.
  • the cannabis plant matter is pressed via cold-pressing.
  • the cold pressing may be via hydraulic presses, rollers, or any other cold-pressing techniques known in the art. In alternative embodiments, other juicing techniques may be used.
  • the cannabis plant juice may be collected for consumption.
  • step 101 may be repeated to maximum the liquid content removed from the cannabis plant matter.
  • the cannabis plant matter is any portion of the cannabis plant, including the whole plant, or portions of the plant, such as the leaves, stalk, seeds, roots, flowers, or a combination thereof.
  • the cannabis plant matter is dehydrated from any dehydration method, including but not limited to, hot air drying, sun drying, electromagnetic fields, microwave heating systems, radiofrequency, infrared drying, pulsed electric field, electromagnetic fields, heated rack drying, lyophilization, contact-sorption drying, or other methods. Further, in some embodiments, the cannabis plant matter is ground.
  • step 103 the cannabis plant matter is reduced to a smaller size by various techniques.
  • the cannabis plant matter is reduced via ball milling.
  • the cannabis plant matter is reduced to a smaller size by way of blending, hammer milling, grinding, ball milling, knife mill, jet mill , or combination thereof.
  • Other methods known in the art to reduce the cannabis plant matter may also be performed. For instance, in some embodiment, sound waves are used to break up and reduce the particle size.
  • step 104 the step 103 is repeated (if necessary) to further reduce the cannabis plant matter size. At this point in the process, the cannabis plant matter will start to clump as previously discussed.
  • step 105 the cannabis plant matter is spread out to expose maximum surface area of the cannabis plant matter and the environmental air is dehumidified to remove the remaining moisture/liquid from the cannabis plant matter.
  • step 105 should be performed in a controlled environment, wherein the humidity, light, temperature, and airflow can be controlled.
  • step 106 the cannabis plant matter particle size is reduced further via blending, hammer milling, grinding, ball milling, sound waves, vibrations, or a combination thereof. If clumping and stickiness still occurs, steps 105 and 106 are repeated until a desired particle size, preferably nanoparticle size, is reached.
  • Cannabis plant matter comprises many cannabinoids in its natural state, i.e. raw, including but not limited to tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA), cannabidiol acid (CBDA), cannabichromne acid (CBCA), and cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) which have many medicinal properties attributed to them.
  • THCA tetrahydrocannabinol acid
  • CBDA cannabidiol acid
  • CBCA cannabichromne acid
  • CBDA cannabigerolic acid
  • CBDA cannabigerolic acid
  • TCHA and CBDA may be used to reduce inflammation, inhibit cell growth in tumors and cancer cells, and also suppress muscle spasms.
  • CBCA and CBGA may be used to kill or slow bacteria growth, treat fungal infections, and release pain.
  • TCHA will convert to cannabinolic acid (CBNA) and then cannabinol (CBN) is formed by decarboxylation of CBNA.
  • CBNA and CBN have several benefits including but not limited to pain relief, anti-insomnia, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti- convulsive, and an appetite stimulated. Further, CBNA and even CBN have little to no intoxicating effects. Thus, CBNA and/or CBN can be used as alternative to sleeping pills or anti-convulsion medications like diazepam. Research has concluded 5mg of CBN is as effective as lOmg of diazepam.
  • the reduced nanoparticle cannabis particle size is advantageous for coffee as well. This is due to the complete absorption of the nanoparticles into the solvent, no tea bags or strainers are necessary.
  • method 100 may be modified such that larger particle sizes are desired, in which case, the cannabis particles may be added to a tea bag or a stainless steel infuser during the brewing process.
  • the reduced nanoparticle cannabis particle size is added to a single serve coffee cup with a coffee substance, wherein the single service coffee cup is a Keurig® K-cup® or similar.
  • the provided cannabis plant matter is/or has been previously dried.
  • the previously dried cannabis is further dried to a predetermined moisture amount.
  • the predetermined moisture amount is approximately 10%, however it is understood that this may vary.
  • steps 103-106 as previously described are carried out such that a nanoparticle powder is reached, wherein steps 104-105 are optional, and performed if necessary.
  • the previously dried cannabis plant matter is rehydrated in a liquid solution, wherein the liquid solution is water, distilled water, saline solution, or similar.
  • a saline solution is preferred when removing the chlorophyll is desired. More specifically, the saline solution is preferred in some embodiments, due to its ability to attract chlorophyll and separate the chlorophyll from the previously dried cannabis plant matter, this helps to remove the green color, which is particularly useful depending on the application or intended use of the nanoparticle powder.
  • the previously dried cannabis plant matter is submerged in the liquid for one hour to adequately rehydrate the previously dried cannabis plant matter.
  • the methods steps can be carried out as previously disused above or the method steps that are discussed below.
  • during the rehydration process is subjected to sound, electromagnetic methods, ultrasonic, or other methods t to remove the stickiness of the cannabis plant matter.
  • further methods are performed to improve the bioavailability of the nanoparticles such that the reduced cannabis plant matter has improved water solubility.
  • Some methods include known delivery systems, including but not limited to, liposomes, liposomes-like nanostructures
  • the nanoparticles may be provided in single serve packages, wherein a user may add the contents of the package to a water bottle, shake the water bottle, then consume the mixture and gain the benefits of the cannabinoids.
  • other ingredients such as sweeteners (stevia), electrolytes, minerals, vitamins, etc. may be added to the single serve packages.
  • the single serve packages are just one exemplary instance of the intended use of nanoparticles derived from the methods disclosed herein.
  • FIGS. 2A-B show a flow diagram detailing alternative method steps 200 for reducing cannabis plant matter particle size.
  • step 201 cannabis plant matter is provided.
  • the cannabis plant matter is the whole plant harvested at a predetermined time, wherein the predetermined time may be early (vegetative state), mid-growing cycle (early flowering state), late-growing cycle (when the flowers are ripe and ready for normal harvesting), or exceeding late- growing cycle (when the flowers are over ripe).
  • the predetermined time may be early (vegetative state), mid-growing cycle (early flowering state), late-growing cycle (when the flowers are ripe and ready for normal harvesting), or exceeding late- growing cycle (when the flowers are over ripe).
  • harvesting at an early stage such as in the vegetative state before the cannabis flowers form provides several advantages.
  • this allows the whole leafy cannabis plant to be harvested without harvesting the cannabis leaves and stems separately from the flowers.
  • this allows the whole leafy cannabis plant to be harvested without harvesting the cannabis leaves and stems separately from the flowers.
  • by harvesting the entire leafy cannabis plant it reduces the amount of handling and also minimizes the amount of oxidation that occurs after harvesting, as the cannabis plant matter is exposed to air. Oxidation causes the cannabis plant matter to be subject to nutrient degradation, thus it is a goal to limit oxidation prior to processing.
  • Another advantage if the cannabis plant matter is harvested during the vegetation stage is that the cannabis plant matter may be either from a male or female cannabis variety.
  • Another particular advantage of harvesting the cannabis plant before the cannabis flowers form is that more cannabis plants may be grown in a shorter amount of time, as the growing cycle is reduced. This allows cannabis plant farmers to maximum crop yields. It is also critical that the harvested cannabis plant matter be free of any pesticides and be from organically grown cannabis plants. This ensures the cannabis is safe for consumption.
  • the whole plant at the exceeding late-growing cycle, defined when the trichomes are beyond ripe, such as when the trichomes turn a dark amber color.
  • the TCHA in the flower has naturally converted to CBNA, ideal for pain-management and more importantly a sleep aid.
  • the cannabis plant matter is the just the flowers of the cannabis plant.
  • the flowers can be harvested at the predetermined time, such as during the exceeding late-growing cycle discussed above or in the late-growing cycle for normal uses.
  • the cannabis plant matter should be selected by the strain of the cannabis variety.
  • the strain should be high in CBN /CBNA if a sleep aid is desired.
  • generally the indica variety is more suitable.
  • the strain or variety should be selected to obtain desired cannabinoids and their benefits and characteristics.
  • the cannabis plant matter is high CBD hemp.
  • the cannabis plant matter is a high CBD cannabis sativa or indica.
  • one or more CBNA/CBN conversion processes 202 are provided during the growing phase and/or after the cannabis plant matter has been harvested to accelerate and promote the conversion from TCHA/TCH into CBNA/CBN.
  • the one or more CBNA/CBN conversion processes include but are not limited to exposing the cannabis plant matter to: a
  • predetermined elevated temperature e.g. UV light, airflow (one or more fans), oxygen (i.e. non airtight storage container), elevated
  • the cannabis plant matter is provided in a flash frozen state, wherein after harvesting at the predetermined time and other processes if applicable, the cannabis plant matter is flash frozen to prevent large ice crystals forming on the plant matter which may damage the cannabis plant matter.
  • step 203 the cannabis plant matter is washed and rinsed to remove any potential containments, bugs, dirt, dust, fertilizer, sprays, etc. off prior to further processing. Ideally, the cannabis plant matter was organically grown to limit the consumption of any unwanted chemicals. In some embodiments, the cannabis plant matter is washed and rinsed prior to flash freezing techniques (if applicable).
  • step 204 the cannabis plant matter is pressed and/or squeezed to remove a predetermined liquid percentage from the cannabis plant matter. This step may be repeated as necessary to increase the liquid and moisture content removed from the cannabis plant matter.
  • the remaining cannabis plant matter is the residual pulp, the cannabis liquid, i.e. juice may be collected for consumption.
  • step 205 the cannabis plant matter is dehydrated.
  • step 206 the cannabis plant matter is reduced to a smaller size via one reduction technique selected from the group of: blending, hammer milling, grinding, ball milling, sound waves, vibrations, or combination thereof.
  • step 207 the step 206 is repeated (if necessary) to further reduce the cannabis plant matter size.
  • the cannabis plant matter will start to clump, i.e. independent cannabis plant matter particles will stick together.
  • the cannabis plant matter is dried via a dehumidifying process.
  • the environmental air is dehumidified to remove the remaining moisture/liquid from the cannabis plant matter. This should be performed in a controlled environment, wherein the humidity, light, temperature, and airflow can be controlled.
  • the cannabis plant matter particle size is reduced to further via blending, hammer milling, grinding, ball milling, or combination thereof. If clumping and stickiness still occurs, steps 208 and 209 are repeated until a desired particle size, preferably nanoparticle size, is reached.
  • cannabinoids from the cannabis plant matter are extracted to further improve the bioavailability of the cannabinoids. It is a particular advantage of the present invention to use all natural extraction methods, without the use of harsh solvents such as ethanol or chemical processes such as C02.
  • oil, fat, or similar substance, herein“lipid” is used as the solvent.
  • coconut oil is the solvent.
  • cold water is the solvent.
  • the cannabis plant matter may be subjected to a predetermined temperature, wherein the predetermined
  • cold pressing is optional for the above method steps, and other methods of reducing trichomes stickiness may be performed as an alternative to cold-pressing.
  • a method 300 for extracting cannabis using lipids is provided.
  • step 301 cannabis plant matter is provided.
  • the cannabis plant matter is subjected to method 100 or 200 in this step.
  • the cannabis plant matter is mixed with a predetermined amount of water.
  • a saline solution is used as a saline solution.
  • a saline solution is preferred due to its ability to attract chlorophyll and separate the chlorophyll from cannabinoids, this helps to prevent the solution discussed below from turning green during the method.
  • the cannabis plant matter is added to a lipid solvent, wherein the lipid is heated to a predetermined temperature.
  • the predetermined temperature may be in a range of 32-300 degrees Fahrenheit. In general, the range is either cold, cool, room temperature, semi heated, or fully heated depending on the desired amount of decarboxylation to occur.
  • the lipid solvent is coconut oil, and this embodiment, the coconut oil is heated at least to the point wherein the coconut oil becomes a liquid (above 75 degrees Fahrenheit), as it is a solid at room temperature.
  • step 303 the cannabis plant matter is gently agitated, stirred, tumbled, centrifuged, or similar to promote the separation of the trichomes and/or terpenes from the cannabis plant matter.
  • steps 302 and 303 are for a predetermined time.
  • the predetermined time as well as the predetermined temperature affects the level of decarboxylation.
  • the predetermined time is 40 minutes.
  • the predetermined time may vary depending on the desired characteristics of the solution. For instance, a longer predetermined time, over 1 hour produces a color consistency that starts to disassociate from the natural color of the solvent, e.g. white to green.
  • the solution retains the natural color of the solvent, e.g. white, and the solution contains the desired extracted cannabinoids.
  • step 304 the solution is filtered at least once to remove any cannabis plant matter not extracted in the method.
  • the filtering may be done via a cloth, screen, filter, funnel, cheesecloth, or any other known techniques.
  • this step is not performed, and the solution is left unfiltered.
  • the solution is homogenized to make the solution consistent throughout, so the cannabinoids and terpenes are evenly distributed throughout the solution.
  • the solution is cooled. For instance, if the preferred lipid solvent is used, the coconut oil solution is cooled to a solid, wherein the solid solution is now ready for the intended use in various applications, including but not limited to topicals, food additives, consumables, supplements, or other uses.
  • steps 301-305 are repeated to increase the cannabinoid concentration in the solution.
  • step 306 may be repeated at least one time until the desired solution and concentration of cannabinoids is achieved.
  • the predetermined temperature and predetermined time may vary in each iteration, as well as vary within each iteration.
  • a method 400 for extracting cannabinoids using cold water is provided.
  • step 401 cannabis plant matter is provided.
  • the cannabis plant matter is subjected to method 100 or 200 prior to carrying out method 400 below.
  • method 400 is an alternative to step 101, from method 100.
  • flash frozen fresh cannabis plant matter is provided.
  • other freezing techniques may be used on the cannabis plant matter including but not limited to liquid nitrogen, saline water spay solution, oil solutions, wherein these freezing techniques are used to agitate the cannabis plant matter such that trichomes are separated from the cannabis plant matter.
  • step 402 the cannabis plant matter is added and submerged in the cold water, wherein the cold water is at a
  • predetermined temperature preferably freezing or below freezing. It is critical that the cold water always in motion via gentle water jets, air jets, ultrasonic vibrations, churning devices, auger devices, similar devices, or a combination thereof.
  • Ultrasonic vibrations are preferred as this provides a gentle trichome removal process without damaging the trichomes during the process.
  • ice is not preferred it should be understood, that in some embodiments, ice may be present.
  • the cold water is in any kind of reservoir known in the art.
  • cold press plates or other material plates, tumblers, rods, agitators, etc. are used for the gentle agitator process.
  • the plates or agitators are kept very cold, freezing, or below freezing. This not only agitates the water to stop it from freezing during the extraction process but also to act as cooling rods themselves such that when the agitators contact the cannabis plant matter, the trichomes and/or terpenes on the cannabis plant matter effectively separates from the cannabis plant matter. This is much more efficient compared to if the agitators were not artificially cooled. This process significantly helps reduce stickiness when reducing the cannabis plant matter to a nanoparticle powder which will be described in greater detail below.
  • step 403 the removed or separated trichomes from the cannabis plant matter are collected from the cold water via screens, sieves, filters, mesh bags, or any or similar means of collected and separating the trichomes from the cold water.
  • the collection means may be various sizes such that only the trichomes are collected. This step may be repeated as necessary to collect all the separated trichomes.
  • the cold water may be drained from the reservoir and collected via various sized collection means as previously discussed.
  • step 404 the extracted trichomes are flash frozen.
  • step 405 the extracted trichomes are dried, dehydrated, or other means to remove the moisture content from the matter.
  • step 406 the extracted trichomes are reduced by crushing, grinding, milling, sound waves, etc. In the preferred embodiment, the extracted trichomes are grinded via a ball mill.
  • steps 405 and 406 are repeated to reduce the extracted trichomes to nanoparticles, consisting of a nanoparticle dry powder.
  • the dried nanoparticle powder may be used in the desired application, such as food, supplements, topicals, sublinguals, submucosals, and other applications. In alternative embodiment, the dried nanoparticle powder may be utilized in any various methods discussed herein, such as method 300.
  • step 501 cannabis plant matter is provided.
  • the cannabis plant matter is separated into various cannabis plant matters, including but not limited to sticks, stems, seeds, flowers, stalks, and leaves.
  • the various cannabis plant matters may be utilized for the following steps below or any previously mentioned step above where applicable, i.e. any portions or steps of the methods and processes discussed herein may be performed with any portion, part, or whole of the cannabis plant.
  • step 502 the cannabis plant matter is dried, via any known drying method discussed herein, or known in the art.
  • step 503 the cannabis plant matter is grinded via any grinder method/machine discussed herein, or known in the art.
  • the purpose of step 503 is to increase the surface area of the cannabis plant matter for the next stop, increasing its overall effeteness to reduce the stickiness of the cannabis plant matter.
  • step 504 a trichome stickiness reduction process is performed.
  • Several methods an alternative processing to reduce trichome stickiness have been discussed herein and the method should not be limited to one specific method. For instance, cold-pressing, screw pressing, masticating, or centrifugal methods.
  • the cannabis plant matter is pressed via a screw press, and more specifically a dewatering screw press configured to separate liquids from solids.
  • a screw press and more specifically a dewatering screw press configured to separate liquids from solids.
  • the pressure applied changes the viscosity of the resin, reduces the number of trichomes, and breaks the trichomes, releasing the resin into the liquid, or a combination thereof.
  • the separated liquid may be collected for consumption.
  • the remaining solid is used in further steps that will be discussed below.
  • step 504 the cannabis plant matter by be subjected to a pulsed electric or magnetic field, or electromagnetic waves to reduce the viscosity of the resin of the cannabis plant matter to aid in reducing the stickiness of the cannabis plant matter.
  • this procedure is not a permanent reduction of viscosity and in the preferred embodiment, it should not displace step 504 for best results.
  • the cannabis plant matter is dehydrated from any dehydration method, including but not limited to, hot air drying, sun drying, electromagnetic fields, microwave heating systems, radiofrequency, infrared drying, pulsed electric field, electromagnetic fields, heated rack drying, lyophilization, contact-sorption drying, or other methods.
  • the cannabis plant matter is reduced to a smaller size by various techniques. In a preferred embodiment, the cannabis plant matter is reduced via ball milling. In other embodiments, the cannabis plant matter is reduced to a smaller size by way of blending, hammer milling, grinding, ball milling, knife mill, jet mill , or combination thereof. Other methods known in the art to reduce the cannabis plant matter may also be performed.
  • step 507 the steps 505 and 506 are repeated to further reduce the cannabis plant matter size.
  • the cannabis plant matter will start to clump as previously discussed.
  • step 508 ideally, the cannabis plant matter is spread out to expose maximum surface area of the cannabis plant matter and the environmental air is dehumidified to remove the remaining moisture/liquid from the cannabis plant matter.
  • step 508 should be performed in a controlled environment, wherein the humidity, light, temperature, and airflow can be controlled.
  • steps are performed to improve bioavailability and specifically, the cannabis plant matter solubility.
  • step 509 at least one
  • emulsifying ingredient is bound (or embedded) to the cannabis particle size powder to create a cannabis powder mixture.
  • the emulsifying ingredient is pectin.
  • the emulsifying ingredient is phospholipid, such as lecithin.
  • the emulsifying ingredient is a lipid.
  • Other emulsifying ingredients may be used as known in the art. Step 509 is preformed, to improve the bioavailability to the user. For instance, as well known, cannabis plant matter is hydrophobic and is difficult to mix with water. The emulsifying ingredient aids in the solubility of the powder mixture, as well as the bioavailability when consumed. This also applies to topical applications;
  • step 510 the cannabis powder mixture is reduced via blending, hammer milling, grinding, ball milling, sound waves, vibrations, sonication, or a combination thereof. It is critical that the cannabis plant matter is reduced with the at least one emulsifying ingredient to bind the ingredients together. If clumping and stickiness still occurs, above steps 508 and 510 are repeated until a desired predetermined particle size (powder) mixture is reached, preferably nanoparticle mixture size less than 1000 nanometer. In some embodiments, the predetermined particle mixture size is less than 200 nanometers.
  • a desired predetermined particle size (powder) mixture is reached, preferably nanoparticle mixture size less than 1000 nanometer. In some embodiments, the predetermined particle mixture size is less than 200 nanometers.
  • the cannabis plant matter mixture (particle size powder) is now ready for its application for improved bioavailability. One exemplary application will now be discussed below.
  • a flavor enhancer is mixed with the cannabis powder mixture of step 510. It is beneficial to improve the taste and sweetness of the end product when mixed with a flavorless beverage, such as water. However, it should be understood that this is an optional step depending on the end product. Further, as previously mentioned, this is just one exemplary instance of an application for the cannabis nanoparticle powder.
  • the flavor enhancer is one or more terpenes are infused with the mixture. This step may also be performed at an earlier stage of these methods steps, including prior to step 502. For instance, it may be beneficial to reduce the flavor enhancer with the at least one emulsifying ingredient in step 509.
  • the flavor enhancer is a sweetener such as stevia.
  • the flavor enhancer is a natural ingredient including but not limited to, ginger, basil, rosemary, sage, mint, cinnamon, lemon, lime, cucumber, lemongrass, spearmint, watermelon, strawberry, orange, raspberry, blackberry, spinach, kale, wheatgrass, watercress, peach, plum, grape, or a combination thereof.
  • step 512 the cannabis mix is packaged.
  • the cannabis mix is packaged.
  • the package is a single serve package.
  • the cannabis mix may still be in powdered form, or may be in liquid form.
  • an alternative method 600 for extracting cannabinoids using cold water is provided.
  • step 601 cannabis plant matter is provided.
  • step 602 the cannabis plant matter is separated into various cannabis plant matters, including but not limited to sticks, stems, seeds, flowers, stalks, and leaves.
  • the various cannabis plant matters may be utilized for the following steps below, or any previously mentioned step above where applicable, i.e. any portions or steps of the methods and processes discussed herein may be performed with any portion, part, or whole of the cannabis plant.
  • step 603 the cannabis plant matter is dried, via any known drying method discussed herein, or known in the art.
  • step 604 the cannabis plant matter is grinded via any grinder method/machine discussed herein, or known in the art.
  • the purpose of step 604 is to increase the surface area of the cannabis plant matter for the next stop, increasing its overall effeteness to reduce the stickiness of the cannabis plant matter.
  • step 605 a trichome stickiness reduction process is performed.
  • Several methods an alternative processing to reduce trichome stickiness have been discussed herein and the method should not be limited to one specific method. For instance, cold-pressing, screw pressing, masticating, or centrifugal methods.
  • the cannabis plant matter is pressed via a screw press, and more specifically a dewatering screw press configured to separate liquids from solids.
  • a screw press and more specifically a dewatering screw press configured to separate liquids from solids.
  • the pressure applied changes the viscosity of the resin, reduces the number of trichomes, and breaks the trichomes, releasing the resin into the liquid, or a combination thereof.
  • the separated liquid may be collected for consumption.
  • the remaining solid is used in further steps that will be discussed below.
  • step 605 the cannabis plant matter by be subjected to a pulsed electric or magnetic field, or electromagnetic waves to reduce the viscosity of the resin of the cannabis plant matter to aid in reducing the stickiness of the cannabis plant matter.
  • this procedure is not a permanent reduction of viscosity and in the preferred embodiment, it should not displace step 605 for best results.
  • step 606 the cannabis plant matter is added and submerged in the cold water, wherein the cold water is at a predetermined temperature, preferably freezing or below freezing. It is critical that the cold water always in motion via gentle water jets, air jets, ultrasonic vibrations, churning devices, auger devices, similar devices, or a combination thereof. Ultrasonic vibrations are preferred as this provides a gentle trichome removal process without damaging the trichomes during the process. In this manner, it is critical that ice is not added to the cold water. It has been determined, that ice can damage the cannabis plant matter and trichomes, as the ice collides with the cannabis plant mater when the water is agitated during the process. Although, ice is not preferred it should be understood, that in some embodiments, ice may be present. In one embodiment, the cold water is in any kind of reservoir known in the art.
  • cold press plates or other material plates, tumblers, rods, agitators, etc. are used for the gentle agitator process.
  • the plates or agitators are kept very cold, freezing, or below freezing. This not only agitates the water to stop it from freezing during the extraction process but also to act as cooling rods themselves such that when the agitators contact the cannabis plant matter, the trichomes and/or terpenes on the cannabis plant matter effectively separates from the cannabis plant matter. This is much more efficient compared to if the agitators were not artificially cooled. This process significantly helps reduce stickiness when reducing the cannabis plant matter to a nanoparticle powder which will be described in greater detail below.
  • step 607 the removed or separated trichomes from the cannabis plant matter are collected from the cold water via screens, sieves, filters, mesh bags, or any or similar means of collected and separating the trichomes from the cold water.
  • the collection means may be various sizes such that only the trichomes are collected. This step may be repeated as necessary to collect all the separated trichomes.
  • the cold water may be drained from the reservoir and collected via various sized collection means as previously discussed.
  • step 608 the extracted trichomes are dried, dehydrated, or other means to remove the moisture content from the matter.
  • step 609 the extracted trichomes are reduced by crushing, grinding, milling, sound waves, etc.
  • the extracted trichomes are grinded via a ball mill.
  • steps are performed to improve bioavailability and specifically, the cannabis plant matter solubility.
  • step 610 at least one
  • the emulsifying ingredient is bound to the extracted trichomes to create an extracted trichome powder mixture.
  • the emulsifying ingredient is pectin.
  • the emulsifying ingredient is phospholipid, such as lecithin.
  • Other emulsifying ingredients may be used as known in the art.
  • Step 610 is preformed, to improve the bioavailability to the user. For instance, as well known, cannabis plant matter is hydrophobic and is difficult to mix with water. The emulsifying ingredient aids in the solubility of the powder mixture, as well as the bioavailability when consumed. This also applies to topical applications; however, other emulsifying ingredients in addition to the previously mentioned ingredients may be used for topicals.
  • step 611 the particle size of the extracted trichome powder mixture is reduced until a desired predetermined sized is reach.
  • steps 609 and 611 are repeated if necessary to reduce extracted trichome powder mixture to nanoparticles, consisting of an extracted trichome dry powder mixture.
  • the dried nanoparticle powder may be used in the desired application, such as food, supplements, topicals, sublinguals, submucosals, and other
  • the dried extracted trichome powder mixture may be utilized in any various methods discussed herein, such as method 300.
  • FIG. 7 is a flow diagram detailing method steps 700 for preparing a nanoparticle cannabis powder for consumer applications, such as topicals.
  • step 701 nanoparticle cannabis powder is provided.
  • the nanoparticle cannabis powder is provided.
  • nanoparticle cannabis powder is provided via previously described method steps discussed, taught, or disclosed herein.
  • step 702 the nanoparticle cannabis powder is encapsulated in a liposome.
  • the encapsulated cannabis powder is a liquid.
  • step 703 the liquid is subjected to high pressure homogenization and sonication methods. Now, it is ready for use to be used in various applications, such as topicals, creams, consumables, etc.
  • the various method steps disclosed herein unexpectedly remove enough trichomes of the cannabis plant matter and/or reduce the stickiness of the cannabis plant matter enough to physically be able to reduce the cannabis plant matter to a nanoparticle powder, otherwise this particle size is unattainable.
  • the stickiness reduction methods discussed above act to remove, separate, or break enough of the resin glands or trichomes of the cannabis plant matter, removing or altering the highly viscous resin found in or on the trichomes.
  • nanoparticle particle size is advantageous in chemical extraction methods as the nanoparticle particle size has increased volume and surface area compared to traditionally sized cannabis particles used for chemical extraction. Further, by utilizing the nanoparticle particle size powders for chemical extraction, it allows the extraction to take place with less solvent making the process more efficient.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés améliorés d'extraction de cannabinoïdes pour une biodisponibilité améliorée. Ces divers procédés consistent à réduire la matière végétale de cannabis en une poudre de nanoparticules. La réduction de la taille des particules de matière végétale de cannabis à l'échelle nanométrique est difficile, et nécessite des étapes spécifiques, étant donné que la matière végétale de cannabis est extrêmement collante, et a tendance à adhérer et à s'agglomérer pendant le processus de réduction de la taille des particules. L'élimination d'une humidité prédéfinie de la matière végétale de cannabis facilite la mise en œuvre de ce procédé.
PCT/US2020/028588 2019-04-16 2020-04-16 Procédé de réduction de matière végétale de cannabis pour une biodisponibilité améliorée Ceased WO2020214859A1 (fr)

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US20230337661A1 (en) * 2020-06-30 2023-10-26 Urban Agriculture Meidlinger Roman E.U. Method for treating cannabis flowers
US12133875B2 (en) 2021-03-25 2024-11-05 Nichia Corporation Method and apparatus for treating post-harvest plant

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230337661A1 (en) * 2020-06-30 2023-10-26 Urban Agriculture Meidlinger Roman E.U. Method for treating cannabis flowers
US12133875B2 (en) 2021-03-25 2024-11-05 Nichia Corporation Method and apparatus for treating post-harvest plant

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