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WO2020213208A1 - Adjuvant de filtration, filtre et produit d'hygiène contenant un adjuvant de filtration - Google Patents

Adjuvant de filtration, filtre et produit d'hygiène contenant un adjuvant de filtration Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020213208A1
WO2020213208A1 PCT/JP2019/048394 JP2019048394W WO2020213208A1 WO 2020213208 A1 WO2020213208 A1 WO 2020213208A1 JP 2019048394 W JP2019048394 W JP 2019048394W WO 2020213208 A1 WO2020213208 A1 WO 2020213208A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acrylonitrile
filter
filtration
based polymer
amino group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2019/048394
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
小見山拓三
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Japan Exlan Co Ltd
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Japan Exlan Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Japan Exlan Co Ltd filed Critical Japan Exlan Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020213208A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020213208A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
    • B01D37/02—Precoating the filter medium; Addition of filter aids to the liquid being filtered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
    • C08F20/42—Nitriles
    • C08F20/44—Acrylonitrile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a filtration aid made of an acrylonitrile-based polymer and a filter containing the filtration aid.
  • the filtration aid When separating the minute components contained in the liquid from the liquid, the filtration aid is capable of separating the fine components by physical filtration means by adsorbing and aggregating the fine components and coarsening them.
  • Such filtration aids are indispensable for removing unnecessary components in liquids in the food and medical industries, etc., and the efficiency of filtration performance has been actively improved, and various studies have been conducted.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a filtration aid made of cellulose powder.
  • the filtration aid is not satisfactory because the clarity of the filtrate does not necessarily increase with respect to the treatment of a highly turbid liquid.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 raises a problem of a disposal method after use and the safety of diatomaceous earth itself.
  • Patent Documents 2 and 3 propose adsorbents using amino groups, but a large amount of amino groups are introduced in order to ensure adsorption performance, and there is a concern about amine elution.
  • the present invention has been devised in view of the current state of the art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a filtration aid having excellent performance as compared with conventional materials, and a filter and a sanitary product containing the filtration aid. To provide.
  • an acrylonitrile-based polymer containing an amino group or an ammonium group has excellent filtration aid performance, and has reached the present invention. ..
  • the present invention is achieved by the following means.
  • the filtration aid according to (1) or (2), wherein the acrylonitrile-based polymer is in the form of aggregated particles or pulp.
  • the filtration aid according to any one of (1) to (3) which is for manufacturing foods, cosmetics or pharmaceuticals.
  • the filtration aid of the present invention has an excellent filtration performance while having a smaller amount of amino groups or ammonium groups than before.
  • the filtration aid of the present invention includes various types such as electrolytic salt water, boiler water, industrial filtration such as metal recovery and refining, food filtration such as sake, wine, beer, juice, tea, and cooking oil, and filtration of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. It can be used for filtration of organic and inorganic suspension components (proteins, lipids, microorganisms, insoluble salts, etc.) in various fields.
  • the filtration aid of the present invention comprises an acrylonitrile-based polymer.
  • an acrylonitrile-based polymer contains 70% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more, and more preferably 85% by weight or more of acrylonitrile units as a polymerization composition.
  • the acrylonitrile unit is less than the above lower limit, the amphipathic property of the acrylonitrile-based polymer may not be sufficiently obtained, and the effect of removing the suspended component may not be sufficiently obtained. In addition, it tends to be in the form of an emulsion, which may make it unsuitable for use as a filtration aid.
  • the upper limit of the acrylonitrile unit is not particularly limited, but in the case of copolymerizing a vinyl-based monomer having an amino group or an ammonium group described later, it is preferably 99.5% by weight or less, more preferably 95. By weight or less, more preferably 92% by weight or less.
  • the acrylonitrile-based polymer used in the present invention contains an amino group or an ammonium group of 0.05 to 2.0 mmol / g, preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mmol / g. If the amount of amino group or ammonium group is less than the above lower limit, sufficient filtration performance may not be obtained, and if it exceeds the above upper limit, the hydrophilicity of the acrylonitrile polymer becomes too high and water It may swell or dissolve violently, making it difficult to handle.
  • a primary to tertiary amino group or a primary to quaternary ammonium group can be adopted, but from the viewpoint of filtration performance, a tertiary amino group or a quaternary ammonium group can be adopted. It is desirable to be a group.
  • the acrylonitrile-based polymer used in the present invention is preferably a copolymer containing acrylonitrile and a vinyl-based monomer having an amino group or an ammonium group as a constituent unit.
  • a method for introducing an amino group or an ammonium group into the acrylonitrile-based polymer a method of reacting the acrylonitrile-based polymer with an amino group or an ammonium group-containing compound can also be adopted, but the amino group or the ammonium group is added to the obtained polymer. Since there is a high possibility that the ammonium group-containing compound remains unreacted or that the reaction is insufficient and the bond with the polymer is unstable, the amino group is likely to be generated by copolymerization as described above. Alternatively, the method of introducing an ammonium group is preferable.
  • Examples of the vinyl-based monomer having an amino group or an ammonium group that can be used as a constituent unit of the acrylonitrile-based polymer used in the present invention include allylamine, dimethylaminomethylmethacrylate, ethylmethacrylatedimethylbenzylammonium chloride and the like. Be done.
  • the structural unit of the acrylonitrile-based polymer adopted in the present invention in addition to the above-mentioned acrylonitrile and the vinyl-based monomer having an amino group or an ammonium group, other monomers may be used if necessary.
  • other monomers include, but are not limited to, acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methacrylic sulfonic acid, p-styrene sulfonic acid, acrylamide, styrene, vinyl acetate and the like. ..
  • the acrylonitrile-based polymer used in the present invention has a specific surface area of 0.1 m 2 / g or more, preferably 4 m 2 / g or more.
  • the specific surface area is less than the above lower limit, the area that can come into contact with the object to be filtered is small, the proportion of amino groups or ammonium groups that cannot be effectively used increases, and the effect of removing suspended components can be sufficiently obtained. It may not be.
  • the upper limit of the specific surface area is not particularly limited, but if the specific surface area is too large, the structure of the polymer becomes brittle and may not be able to withstand actual use. When the specific surface area is 400 m 2 / g or less, the occurrence of such a problem can be suppressed.
  • the shape of the acrylonitrile-based polymer used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a fibrous, particulate, film-like shape can be adopted. Further, in order to obtain a large specific surface area as described above, it is preferable to form agglomerated particles obtained by agglutinating fine particles or a pulp obtained by beating fibers.
  • the method for producing the acrylonitrile-based polymer adopted in the present invention described above is not particularly limited, and can be produced by a known polymerization method. Further, in order to obtain an acrylonitrile-based polymer in the form of aggregated particles, an aqueous precipitation polymerization method in which a monomer and a water-soluble polymerization initiator are added to water and polymerization is carried out can be adopted.
  • the water-based precipitation polymerization method referred to here uses a water-soluble polymerization initiator, does not add an emulsifier, a dispersion stabilizer, or the like, and as the polymerization progresses, the polymer aggregates and precipitates (suspends during stirring). It refers to the polymerization method.
  • a water-soluble polymerization initiator does not add an emulsifier, a dispersion stabilizer, or the like, and as the polymerization progresses, the polymer aggregates and precipitates (suspends during stirring). It refers to the polymerization method.
  • aqueous precipitation polymerization method precipitation of aggregates in which primary particles having an average particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m or less are aggregated occurs. The particle size of this aggregate is often 1000 ⁇ m or less.
  • the aggregate is not particularly specified, but in the present invention, it is an aggregate of particles having an average particle diameter of primary particles of 5 ⁇ m or less, and when the average particle diameter of the aggregate is 100 ⁇ m or less, the primary particles It is preferable because a large number of cavities are formed in the gaps between them and the specific surface area as an agglomerate increases.
  • a method for producing a fibrous acrylonitrile-based polymer a known method for producing an acrylonitrile fiber can be adopted.
  • a solvent such as nitrate, an aqueous solution of zinc chloride, an aqueous solution of sodium thiocyanate, N-methylpyrrolidone, DMF, DMAc, DMSO, etc.
  • the above-mentioned acrylonitrile polymer is dissolved in a solvent to prepare the product.
  • a fibrous acrylonitrile-based polymer can be obtained by undergoing each step of solidification, washing with water, stretching, heat treatment, and drying after spinning the spun stock solution from the nozzle.
  • the fibrous acrylonitrile-based polymer obtained as described above may be cut and beaten.
  • the method of beating is not limited, and a beating machine such as a beater or a refiner can be used.
  • a beating machine such as a beater or a refiner can be used.
  • the fibrous acrylonitrile-based polymer to be beaten not only the one after the drying step but also the undried fiber after stretching can be used.
  • the acrylonitrile-based polymer used in the present invention described above has excellent filtration performance is not clear, but in general, in addition to the acrylonitrile-based polymer having amyophilicity, the acrylonitrile-based polymer has in the present invention.
  • a nitrile group (anionic) and an amino group or an ammonium group (cationic) it becomes bipolar as a whole, and it seems that a wider range of suspended components can be removed.
  • the specific surface area it seems that the performance can be efficiently exhibited even if the amount of amino groups or ammonium groups is smaller than that of the conventional filtration aid.
  • the amount of amino groups or ammonium groups is smaller than that in the past. Therefore, there is little possibility that an amino group or ammonium group-containing component is eluted into the filtrate during filtration. Further, when the method of introducing an amino group or an ammonium group by the copolymerization as described above is adopted, the unreacted amino group or ammonium group-containing compound remains in the polymer or the bond with the polymer is formed. Since there is no possibility that an unstable amino group or ammonium group is generated, the elution of the amino group or ammonium group-containing component is further suppressed.
  • the filtration aid of the present invention that employs an acrylonitrile-based polymer having such properties also has applicability in the manufacturing process of products such as foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals that need to be considered for their effects on the human body. ..
  • the filtration aid of the present invention is also effective for adsorption and aggregation of red blood cells in blood.
  • the filtration aid of the present invention contains an amino group or an ammonium group, and can also adsorb and aggregate proteins and lipids.
  • the surface of erythrocytes is composed of a lipid film, which contains a protein called glycophorin, and glycophorin has a sugar chain at which an anion-charged sugar called sialic acid is bound. .. Therefore, the filtration aid of the present invention can adsorb and aggregate red blood cells.
  • red blood cells can be applied to sanitary products such as sanitary napkins that absorb liquids containing blood. That is, in sanitary napkins and the like, super absorbent polymers are used, but such resins cannot absorb solid components. Therefore, in the absorption of blood, red blood cells accumulate on the surface of the superabsorbent polymer to form a film, and the absorption of the liquid is inhibited.
  • the filtration aid of the present invention when used, red blood cells in the blood are adsorbed and aggregated, so that the formation of a film on the surface of the superabsorbent polymer by the red blood cells is suppressed, and the liquid absorption is less likely to be inhibited. It is.
  • the filtration aid of the present invention can be used by a body feed method in which the liquid to be treated is directly mixed with the liquid to be treated, or a liquid to be treated after forming a layer of the filter aid on the surface of a filter medium such as a wire mesh prior to filtering the undiluted solution.
  • a precoat method or the like for filtering can be used.
  • the superabsorbent polymer and the filtration aid of the present invention are mixed to form a water-absorbent layer, or the filter aid of the present invention is contained on the skin side of the water-absorbent layer made of the superabsorbent polymer. Means such as providing a layer can be applied.
  • a non-woven fabric containing the fibrous filtration aid of the present invention as a constituent fiber a non-woven fabric containing the particulate filtration aid of the present invention as a constituent fiber, or the like is used as a binder.
  • a binder examples thereof include those attached by using and those filled inside a bag-shaped layer made of a blood-permeable material.
  • the filtration aid of the present invention described above can be used as a filter for removing impurities in many uses, for example, in the production of foods, cosmetics or pharmaceuticals, alone or in combination with other materials.
  • the content of the filtration aid of the present invention is preferably 5% by weight or more, more preferably 10% by weight or more, still more preferably 20% by weight or more in terms of performance.
  • the other materials that can be combined are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include publicly used natural fibers, organic fibers, semi-synthetic fibers, synthetic fibers, inorganic fibers, and glass fibers.
  • it can be used as a member for improving absorption performance in sanitary products such as gauze, bandages, masks, gloves, adhesive plasters, sanitary products, and diapers.
  • the specific surface area is measured by the BET method.
  • ⁇ Measurement of filtration performance > 125 mg of the sample is added to 50 g of a suspension containing 2.5% of dry yeast (Nissin Super Camellia dry yeast), and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes.
  • the filtrate after suction filtration with a Buchner funnel using filter paper (5A) is dried at 105 ° C. ⁇ 5 hours, and the amount of solids (W1 [g]) contained in the filtrate is measured.
  • Example 1 Ammonium persulfate and sodium metabisulfite were added in a liquid containing 29.1 parts by weight of acrylonitrile, 0.9 parts by weight of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and 70 parts by weight of pure water, respectively, at 0.5% and 0.3% based on the weight of the monomer. , Polymerized at 60 ° C. for 55 minutes, washed with water, dehydrated and dried to obtain an acrylonitrile-based polymer in the form of aggregated particles. The evaluation results of the obtained polymer are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 2 10 parts of the particles obtained in Example 1 were dissolved in 90 parts of a 48% sodium thiocyanate aqueous solution to prepare a spinning stock solution.
  • the spinning stock solution was spun into a coagulation bath at ⁇ 2.5 ° C. and subjected to each step of coagulation, washing with water, stretching, heat treatment, and drying to obtain a fibrous acrylonitrile-based polymer.
  • the evaluation results of the obtained polymer are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 3 The fibers obtained in Example 2 were beaten with a Niagara beater to obtain a pulp-like acrylonitrile-based polymer. The evaluation results of the obtained polymer are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 4 In Example 1, the same polymerization was carried out except that the ratio of the monomers was changed to 29.8 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and 0.2 parts by weight of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate to obtain an acrylonitrile-based polymer in the form of aggregated particles. The evaluation results of the obtained polymer are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 5 In Example 1, polymerization was carried out in the same manner except that the ratio of the monomers was changed to 25.5 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and 4.5 parts by weight of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate to obtain an acrylonitrile-based polymer in the form of aggregated particles. The evaluation results of the obtained polymer are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 1 ⁇ Comparative example 1>
  • the polymerization was carried out in the same manner except that the monomer was changed to only 30 parts of acrylonitrile to obtain an acrylonitrile-based polymer in the form of aggregated particles having no amino group.
  • the evaluation results of the obtained polymer are shown in Table 1.
  • Table 1 shows the evaluation results using commercially available powdered cellulose (powdered filter paper D manufactured by ADVANTEC).
  • Table 1 shows the evaluation results using a commercially available cellulosic cationic filtration filter (adsorption depth filter disk (Zeta Plus (TM))).
  • Example 1 Polymerization was carried out in the same manner except that the ratio of the monomers was changed to 19.5 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and 10.5 parts by weight of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate.
  • the obtained acrylonitrile-based polymer has a small amount of acrylonitrile units, becomes a dispersed liquid (emulsion-like) of fine particles, and has redispersibility in water, so that it cannot be used as a filtration aid.
  • the acrylonitrile-based polymers of Examples 1 to 5 have a higher capture rate than the acrylonitrile-based polymers having no amino group of Comparative Example 1 and the cellulosic materials of Comparative Examples 2 to 4, and are filtered. It can be seen that it is highly effective as an auxiliary agent. Further, it can be understood that the acrylonitrile-based polymers of Examples 1 to 5 have a swelling degree of SAP higher than that of the blank (17.9) and have an effect of adsorbing and agglutinating erythrocytes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Les adjuvants de filtration connus de manière classique comprennent ceux constitués d'une poudre de cellulose, ceux dans lesquels la terre de diatomées est utilisée, et des adsorbants dans lesquels un groupe amino est utilisé. Cependant, les adjuvants de filtration n'étaient pas nécessairement satisfaisants; par exemple, il n'y a pas d'amélioration de la clarté du filtrat lors du traitement de liquides ayant une turbidité élevée, et il y a des préoccupations concernant la sécurité et le procédé d'élimination après utilisation. La présente invention a été développée en vue de l'état actuel de l'état de la technique, et le but de celui-ci est de fournir un accessoire de filtre ayant une performance supérieure par comparaison avec des matériaux classiques, et un filtre contenant l'adjuvant de filtration. La solution selon l'invention porte sur un adjuvant de filtration comprenant un polymère d'acrylonitrile contenant au moins 70% en poids d'unités acrylonitrile et 0,05 à 2,0 mmol/g de groupes amino ou de groupes ammonium, et ayant une surface spécifique de 0,1 à 400 m2/g.
PCT/JP2019/048394 2019-04-19 2019-12-11 Adjuvant de filtration, filtre et produit d'hygiène contenant un adjuvant de filtration Ceased WO2020213208A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2019079739 2019-04-19
JP2019-079739 2019-04-19

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WO2020213208A1 true WO2020213208A1 (fr) 2020-10-22

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4724278B1 (fr) * 1969-02-17 1972-07-05
JPS5327257A (en) * 1976-08-27 1978-03-14 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Organic sludge dehydrating assistant
JPS54113954A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-09-05 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Organic sludge dehydration assistant
JPS57153648A (en) * 1981-02-17 1982-09-22 Kimberly Clark Co Sanitary article containing blood gelling agent
JPH07185333A (ja) * 1993-12-28 1995-07-25 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd 新規なるエンドトキシン吸着材

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4724278B1 (fr) * 1969-02-17 1972-07-05
JPS5327257A (en) * 1976-08-27 1978-03-14 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Organic sludge dehydrating assistant
JPS54113954A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-09-05 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Organic sludge dehydration assistant
JPS57153648A (en) * 1981-02-17 1982-09-22 Kimberly Clark Co Sanitary article containing blood gelling agent
JPH07185333A (ja) * 1993-12-28 1995-07-25 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd 新規なるエンドトキシン吸着材

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