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WO2020259788A1 - Dispositif de stockage de gaz - Google Patents

Dispositif de stockage de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020259788A1
WO2020259788A1 PCT/EP2019/000195 EP2019000195W WO2020259788A1 WO 2020259788 A1 WO2020259788 A1 WO 2020259788A1 EP 2019000195 W EP2019000195 W EP 2019000195W WO 2020259788 A1 WO2020259788 A1 WO 2020259788A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
humus
adsorption
gas
storage space
gases
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/000195
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert STEINKE
Gerhard NOPENS
Wolf-Walter Stinnes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/EP2019/000195 priority Critical patent/WO2020259788A1/fr
Publication of WO2020259788A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020259788A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
    • B01J20/28066—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area being more than 1000 m2/g
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
    • F17C11/007—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrocarbon gases, such as methane or natural gas, propane, butane or mixtures thereof [LPG]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/46—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic and organic materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas storage device for storing gases, in particular methane, hydrogen or natural gases, a storage method and a method for producing adsorption humus.
  • the object of the invention is to store and transport gas, in particular methane, hydrogen or natural gas, inexpensively and in a technically simple manner.
  • Polymerized humus in the storage space made of rotted organic material that adsorbs the gases.
  • the invention relates to the storage of methane or hydrogen in a fully polymerized humus made of rotted, organic material in a closed container.
  • Polymerized humus occurs because of the high internal surface in the chemical internal structure with benzene molecules (delocalized electrons in the
  • CONFIRMATION COPY Benzene molecule which lead to an electron deficiency, so that the gases are adsorbed.
  • the invention describes the hitherto unknown fact that certain gases can be adsorbed very well in fully ripe humus with the extremely high internal adsorption area of approx. 57,000 m 2 / g. This is of particular technical importance for natural gas, methane and hydrogen (H2), which have the potential to replace oil-based liquid fuel. Since today's
  • Hydrogen bonds better than any other known adsorption or chemically binding (e.g. N2H4) attachment material suitable for adsorbing gas molecules with external hydrogen atoms at a slight excess pressure and room temperature and thus storing them.
  • the three-center bonds, as transitional bonds, ensure that the humus adsorption containers are not only very easy to fill, but can also be emptied very easily and with almost no energy loss.
  • the hydrogen bond in AP humus according to the invention results in the highest adsorption constant for natural gas, hydrogen and methane at a slight excess pressure, which ensures by far the highest adsorption compared to all other adsorption materials.
  • the ideal combination of fine and coarse capillaries in AP humus recognized by the inventor as important for the adsorption and desorption of CH4 and H2, ensures the rapid entry and exit of gases without having to lay perforated tubes in the adsorption material. This also ensures the easy filling and emptying of these gas adsorption stores.
  • the improved fine control of the ventilation in the rotting process generates a higher proportion of fine capillaries in the adsorption humus.
  • Adsorption storage is called the use of underground cavities
  • the humus molecule shown in FIG. 1 is essentially composed of benzene rings. As humus monomers, these are characterized by the fact that they represent a very stable intermediate stage in the hydrocarbons that cause the breakdown of higher hydrocarbons (aliphatics)
  • Actinomycetes (ray fungi) provide a lot of energy and therefore remain as their metabolic end product. Since these benzene derivatives or humic substances contain reactive groups, they can polymerize. Initially, this polymerization is incomplete, resulting in an immature compost. Is the
  • FIG. 1 of an almost fully polymerized humus has a very large, internal network of fine capillaries which are connected to one another by coarse capillaries.
  • the adsorption surface is around 57,000 m 2 / g.
  • activated carbon only has an internal adsorption surface of up to 1700 m 2 / g.
  • the humus produced in this way is extremely long-term stable.
  • adsorption area consists of a complex three-dimensional structure
  • Hydrogen bridges necessarily also exist when methane or hydrogen (H2) molecules are attached to the polymerized benzene rings in the humus or attached, saturated groups, with the total adsorption being proportional to the internal surface of the humus (possibly with clay-humus complexes).
  • An increase in pressure increases the adsorption up to the point where all free adsorption sites are occupied, which then leads to the saturation pressure is reached and a further pressure increase does not lead to any further uptake of methane / H2.
  • Adsorbent material can be certified.
  • the above-mentioned gases can also be stored very easily and cheaply in underground caverns, e.g. B. in the huge, charred seams of the German Ruhr area. Since the storage is almost pressureless, one is enough cheap surface treatment of the cavity surfaces to make them sufficiently gas-tight. This saves the expensive, above-ground gas storage and stores huge amounts of energy down there in the form of hydrogen and methane, which means that these gases can reduce C02 emissions and reuse the cavities created by coal extraction. That means another cheap one
  • a gas adsorption humus is important for the sorptive binding of certain gases to a special humus at normal to slightly increased pressure, so that these gases are transported, transferred and stored at room temperature and with a high energy density, similar to liquid fuels.
  • the adsorption humus is generated in a high-temperature intensive rotting process in a humus reactor using suitable bacteria and controlled air supply so that it is completely polymerized (chemically inert and thermally stable) and (automatically) at the same time an internal network of fine and coarse capillaries with an internal one Has a surface area of up to 57000 m 2 / g (30 times more than activated carbon).
  • Adsorption materials and the adsorption is extremely high, so that the highest storage filling of all adsorption storage is achieved, i.e. H. at least 70% that of cryogenic storage.
  • Adsorption material ensures that the gas molecules of CH4 and H2 can diffuse in and out without any problems, so that no internal inlet and outlet pipes are required.
  • the mentioned hydrogen bonds are transition bonds, so that a certain number of the mentioned gas molecules (CH4, H2) are not bound and can be sucked off. This does the draining and
  • the adsorption properties of this humus can be significantly improved by adding 1% finely divided bentonite. Furthermore, the adsorption properties of this humus can be increased by adding certain
  • thermo-chemical stability of the adsorption humus is greatly increased and the insensitivity of the
  • the adsorption material and the adsorption storage can be fully tested and certified for long-term use, which is a decisive advantage for the marketing of these storage.
  • the almost pressureless gas storage makes it possible to use underground cavities as gas and energy storage, e.g. B. in charred underground coal mines, which thus enable a profitable reuse of these mines and thus significantly reduce their overall costs.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de stockage de gaz pour stocker des gaz, en particulier du méthane, de l'hydrogène ou du gaz naturel, caractérisé par un espace de stockage fermé pourvu d'une entrée de gaz et d'une sortie de gaz et à l'intérieur duquel se trouve de l'humus polymérisé, issu de matière organique décomposée, qui adsorbe les gaz.
PCT/EP2019/000195 2019-06-24 2019-06-24 Dispositif de stockage de gaz Ceased WO2020259788A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2019/000195 WO2020259788A1 (fr) 2019-06-24 2019-06-24 Dispositif de stockage de gaz

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2019/000195 WO2020259788A1 (fr) 2019-06-24 2019-06-24 Dispositif de stockage de gaz

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020259788A1 true WO2020259788A1 (fr) 2020-12-30

Family

ID=67220769

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2019/000195 Ceased WO2020259788A1 (fr) 2019-06-24 2019-06-24 Dispositif de stockage de gaz

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2020259788A1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10136527A1 (de) * 2001-07-26 2003-02-13 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Adsorbermaterialien aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10136527A1 (de) * 2001-07-26 2003-02-13 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Adsorbermaterialien aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
D C WHITEHEAD ET AL: "THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF HUMUS FORMATION", JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, vol. 14, no. 12, 1 December 1963 (1963-12-01), GB, pages 849 - 857, XP055667694, ISSN: 0022-5142, DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2740141201 *
HUBERT DE JONGE ET AL: "Adsorption of CO2 and N2 on Soil Organic Matter: Nature of Porosity, Surface Area, and Diffusion Mechanisms", ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, vol. 30, no. 2, 1 January 1996 (1996-01-01), US, pages 408 - 413, XP055667459, ISSN: 0013-936X, DOI: 10.1021/es950043t *

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