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WO2020256730A1 - Élément résistant à l'extrusion pour étanchéification de fond de trou - Google Patents

Élément résistant à l'extrusion pour étanchéification de fond de trou Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020256730A1
WO2020256730A1 PCT/US2019/038255 US2019038255W WO2020256730A1 WO 2020256730 A1 WO2020256730 A1 WO 2020256730A1 US 2019038255 W US2019038255 W US 2019038255W WO 2020256730 A1 WO2020256730 A1 WO 2020256730A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
isolation device
end portion
reinforced
supporting
sealing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2019/038255
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anthony PHAN
Jack Gammill Clemens
Mark Holly
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Original Assignee
Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Halliburton Energy Services Inc filed Critical Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Priority to PCT/US2019/038255 priority Critical patent/WO2020256730A1/fr
Publication of WO2020256730A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020256730A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • E21B33/134—Bridging plugs

Definitions

  • the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein relate generally to isolation devices for controlling fluid flow in a hydrocarbon well, and particularly to a bridge plug or packer having a sealing element thereon composed of an extrusion resistant composite material.
  • Drilling, completion, and stimulation operations often require isolating certain intervals or zones in a wellbore from other portions of the wellbore. For example, during a stimulation operation, it is often necessary to seal off the wellbore at a certain location in order to force stimulation fluids out into the surrounding formation near that location.
  • Various downhole isolation devices such as packers, bridge plugs, and the like, are typically employed to provide the zonal isolation.
  • a bridge plug is a type of downhole isolation device that is lowered into a wellbore within a tubing or casing.
  • the bridge plug can be set within the tubing or casing to seal off all fluid flow.
  • a packer is similar to a bridge plug, but the packer seals off fluid flow in an annulus between the casing and a tubing (e.g., production tubing) within the casing.
  • the packer allows fluid to continue flowing within the tubing, whereas the bridge plug typically does not allow any fluid flow.
  • Both devices may be used with open (i.e., uncased) holes as well as in casing, and are often deployed in tandem to isolate a specific zone from other areas within the wellbore.
  • FIGS. 1A-1B illustrate an exemplary well in which an isolation device may be used and an exemplary isolation device having an extrusion resistant sealing element according to the disclosed embodiments;
  • FIGS. 2 A-2B illustrate exemplary supporting materials that may be used to form a reinforced material for a sealing element according to the disclosed embodiments
  • FIGS. 3A-3D illustrate exemplary sealing elements having a reinforced material according to the disclosed embodiments.
  • FIGS. 4A-4B illustrate an exemplary sealing element having an alternative reinforced material according to the disclosed embodiments.
  • the embodiments disclosed herein relate to a downhole isolation device, such as a packer or a bridge plug, having a sealing element thereon composed at least partly of a reinforced material that helps the sealing element better withstand extreme downhole pressures and temperatures.
  • the reinforced material may be an elastomeric material, such as rubber, composite rubber, and the like, that has been combined with a layer of supporting material. The supporting material strengthens and helps reinforce the elastomeric material, resulting in a reinforced sealing element that has greater resistance to extrusion and other distortions downhole while maintaining the ability to form a liquid and/or gas tight seal.
  • the layer of supporting material used to form the reinforced material of the sealing element may include a fiber reinforced braided wire or mesh material.
  • Metal or carbon fibers may be used as the reinforcing fibers in such fiber reinforced material in some embodiments, or alternatively a nylon or Kevlar weave (or similarly strong weave materials) may be employed to reinforce the rubber or elastomeric material.
  • a reinforced material may then be used to form the sealing element, or at least a part thereof, of the bridge plug or packer.
  • the layer of supporting material may be a protective cover or cap layer that may be used to reinforce the rubber or elastomeric material of the sealing element.
  • the protective cover or cap which may be made of a high tensile strength material such as ductile steel, may be applied or conformed to opposite ends of the sealing element to reinforce the rubber or elastomeric material and help the ends of the sealing element maintain their shape downhole.
  • FIG. 1A an elevation view of a well site 100 is shown in which an isolation device 114 having at least one sealing element 115 may be deployed according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein.
  • the well site 100 which may be located onshore (as drawn in FIG. 1A) or offshore, includes a rig 102 for operating and conveying downhole equipment and tools into a wellbore 104 in a subterranean formation 106.
  • the rig 102 shown here has a wireline 108 suspended therefrom that is being spooled into the wellbore 104 from a wireline unit 110.
  • the wireline 108 has a setting tool 112 suspended therefrom, and the isolation device 114 is mounted on the setting tool 112 for conveying the isolation device 114 into the wellbore 104. It is of course possible to use a range of different conveyances to convey the isolation device 114 into the wellbore 104, such as E-lines, slicklines, coiled tubings, and the like, within the scope of this disclosure.
  • the isolation device 114 is a bridge plug that can be set by the setting tool 112 at a certain location in the wellbore 104 to block fluid flow.
  • a bridge plug 114 is the Evo-Trieve® bridge plug available from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
  • the isolation device 114 may be a packer that can be similarly set by the setting tool 112 at a certain location in the wellbore 104.
  • the isolation device 114 may be any isolation device that can be set by a setting tool like the setting tool 112 to seal off fluid flow in the wellbore 104.
  • the setting tool 112 and the bridge plug 114 are lowered by the wireline unit 110 into a casing 116 in the wellbore 104 to a desired location.
  • a command is sent via the wireline 108 to the setting tool 112 to actuate the setting tool and deploy the bridge plug 114.
  • the setting tool 112 initiates a setting sequence that causes the bridge plug 114 to axially compress the at least one sealing element 115.
  • the axial compression forces the at least one sealing element 115 to bulge radially outward and press against an interior of the casing 116, blocking fluid flow through that location in the casing 116.
  • the bridge plug 114 has now been put into a sealing configuration that seals off that location in the casing 116.
  • FIG. IB shows a partial cutaway view of the bridge plug 114 of FIG. 1A having the at least one sealing element 115 mounted co-axially thereon.
  • the bridge plug 114 is constructed from multiple subassemblies or "subs” coupled together in a known manner (e.g., by threading, twist locking, etc.).
  • Exemplary subs can include a pressure relieving sub 134 that has a port 136 that can be opened or closed by a closure 138.
  • the closure 138 is in the form of a ball held to seal against an uphole shoulder 140 by a spring 142.
  • the closure 138 seals fluid exterior of the bridge plug 114 below the at least one sealing element 115 from entering the bridge plug 114 and passing uphole of the bridge plug 114.
  • the bridge plug 114 can also include an equalizing sub 156 axially coupled between the pressure relieving sub 134 and the at least one sealing element 115.
  • the equalizing sub 156 has an equalizing port 158 and a sliding sealing sleeve 162.
  • the sleeve 162 can be moved between sealing the equalizing port 158 and allowing communication of fluid pressure between the interior of the bridge plug 114 and an exterior of the bridge plug 114 downhole of the one or more sealing elements 115.
  • a lock mandrel sub 144 can be axially disposed on the other side of the at least one sealing element 115.
  • the lock mandrel sub 144 has one or more dogs 146 (e.g., three dogs 146 arranged at 120° azimuth), each dog biased radially outward by a spring 150.
  • the dogs 146 each have an exterior profile 148 configured to engage and grip the corresponding profile of a landing nipple (not expressly shown).
  • the bridge plug 114 can additionally include a profile sub 152 axially coupled to the lock mandrel sub 144 that has an internal profile 154 configured to be engaged by a tool like the setting tool 112, or a tool for pulling the bridge plug 114 from the wellbore 104.
  • the profile 154 is configured to be engaged by a wireline or slickline fishing tool (not expressly shown).
  • the internal profile 154 is configured to be engaged by a fishing or pulling tool (not expressly shown) carried on coiled tubing or lengths of jointed tubing.
  • a fishing or pulling tool (not expressly shown) carried on coiled tubing or lengths of jointed tubing.
  • Other subs and components not specifically discussed herein may also be included on the bridge plug 114 in some embodiments.
  • the bridge plug 114 may be a retrievable type plug similar to the Evo-Trieve® bridge plug mentioned above for temporarily blocking fluid flow in the casing 116, in which case the bridge plug may be released later and retrieved from the wellbore.
  • the bridge plug 114 may be a permanent type plug that is left in place to permanently seal off that location in the casing 116. In either case, high temperature and pressure conditions in the wellbore 104 can lead to extrusion of the at least one sealing element 115 and potential seal failures. Therefore, in accordance with one or more embodiments, the at least one sealing element 115 is constructed at least partly of a reinforced material that helps prevent extrusion or distortion of the sealing element 115.
  • the reinforced material may be a suitable elastomeric material combined with a supporting material. Examples of supporting materials that may be used to form the reinforced material are shown and further discussed in association with FIGS. 2A-2B.
  • FIG. 2A is a closeup view of an example of a supporting material 200 that may be used to form a reinforced material for a sealing element according to one or more embodiments.
  • the supporting material 200 shown here may be a mesh material 200 that can withstand the harsh conditions often encountered downhole.
  • suitable mesh material 200 may include metal fiber reinforced and carbon fiber reinforced mesh material similar to materials used for concrete pavement reinforcement.
  • the mesh material 200 is a type that, when combined with a suitable elastomeric material, such as hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (e.g., HNBR 90), results in a reinforced material that can retain structural integrity under sealing pressures of up to at least 10,000 psi with little or no degradation of the ability of the elastomeric material to form a liquid/gas tight seal.
  • a suitable elastomeric material such as hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (e.g., HNBR 90)
  • FIG. 2B is a closeup view of an example of another supporting material 202 that may be used to form a reinforced material for a sealing element according to one or more embodiments.
  • the alternative supporting material 202 in this example is a braided wire material 202 that, like the mesh material 200, can withstand the harsh conditions often encountered downhole. Suitable examples may include metal fiber reinforced and carbon fiber reinforced braided wire material.
  • the braided wire material 200 is preferably a type that, when combined with suitable sealing element elastomeric materials, produces a reinforced material that is able to withstand sealing pressures of up to at least 10,000 psi without compromising the ability of the sealing element to form a liquid/gas tight seal.
  • Suitable materials may be used to form a reinforced material without departing from the scope of the disclosed embodiments.
  • a ballistic nylon or any nylon fabric made using a "ballistic weave” may be used, or any Kevlar weave or similarly strong weave material may be used.
  • FIG. 3A a front view of an exemplary sealing element 300 for a downhole isolation device is shown that is composed partly of a reinforced material according to one or more embodiments.
  • the sealing element 300 has a generally cylindrical sealing portion 302 axially extending between a first end portion 304 and a second end portion 306. Note that the first end portion 304 and the second end portion 306 are each shown here as having a narrow neck merely for illustrative purposes.
  • other shapes besides a generally cylindrical shape e.g., an oval shape
  • the sealing portion 302 of the sealing element 300 is formed from a reinforced material 308 that is a composite of a suitable elastomeric material (e.g., HNBR 90) and a supporting material.
  • the supporting material may be any of the supporting materials discussed above with respect to FIGS. 2A-2B, such as the mesh material 200, the braided wire material 202, a nylon weave, a Kevlar weave, or any other similar suitable materials.
  • These supporting materials may be combined with the elastomeric material using any process known to those ordinarily skilled in the art, including infusion, impregnation, vulcanized bonding, various chemical bonding processes, and the like.
  • sealing portion 302 that does not extrude (or extrudes very little) and does not lose (or loses very little) ability to expand, contract, and otherwise deform to form a liquid/gas tight seal under sealing pressures of up to at least 10,000 psi.
  • FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the sealing element 300 in FIG. 3A.
  • the sealing portion 302 is made from the aforementioned reinforced material 308, whereas the first and second end portions 304, 306 are made from a suitable elastomeric material.
  • the reinforced material 308 can be seen more clearly in the zoomed-in section (see dotted area), which shows the reinforced material 308 as being composed of a suitable elastomeric material 310 infused with a supporting material 312.
  • FIG. 3C shows a front view of an exemplary sealing element 300’ for a downhole isolation device in which an alternative reinforced material 314 is used.
  • the sealing element 300’ here is similar to the sealing element 300 of FIG. 3A insofar as there is a generally cylindrical sealing portion 302 axially extending between a first end portion 304 and a second end portion 306.
  • the reinforced material 314 is a type of laminate composite material composed of a suitable elastomeric material bonded or otherwise adhered to a supporting material.
  • the supporting material may again be any of the supporting materials discussed above with respect to FIGS. 2A-2B, but remains visibly distinct from the elastomeric material.
  • the reinforced material 314 in this embodiment forms the entire length of the sealing portion 302 plus the first and second end portions 304, 306 as well. This arrangement advantageously provides the sealing element 300’ with a larger surface area of reinforced material 314.
  • FIG. 3D is a cross-sectional view of the sealing element 300’ in FIG. 3C. From this view, the reinforced material 314 can be seen to cover the sealing portion 302 as well as the first and second end portions 304, 306 of the sealing element 300’. The reinforced material 314 is shown more clearly in the zoomed- in section (see dotted area), which depicts the reinforced material 314 as being composed of a suitable elastomeric material 316 bonded to the supporting material 318.
  • the portions of the sealing element 300, 300’ formed using the reinforced materials 308, 314 are illustrative only and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosed embodiments.
  • the reinforced material 308 may be used to form the first and second end portions 304, 306 as well.
  • the reinforced material 314 may be used only to form the sealing portion 302 in the sealing element 300’ instead of the first and second end portions 304, 306 as well.
  • the reinforced materials 308, 314 should extend completely around (i.e., circumferentially) their respective sections of the sealing element 300, 300’ for maximum benefit.
  • FIG. 4A shows a front view of another exemplary sealing element 400 for a downhole isolation device that is composed partly of a reinforced material according to one or more embodiments.
  • the sealing element 400 has a generally cylindrical sealing portion 402 axially extending between a first end portion 404 and a second end portion 406.
  • first and second end portions 404, 406 and parts of the sealing portion 402 that are contiguous therewith are composed of a reinforced material, while the rest of the sealing portion 402 is made of a suitable elastomeric material.
  • the size (indicated by arrows "A”) of the contiguous parts of the sealing portion 402 that are formed using the reinforced material 408 may be selected as needed for a particular downhole environment, and maybe 1 inch to 5 inches for example, provided enough of the sealing portion 402 remains uncovered to allow a liquid/gas tight seal.
  • each of the first and second end portions 404, 406 and a respective contiguous part of the sealing portion 402 are formed using a reinforced material 408 composed of a suitable elastomeric material (e.g., HNBR 90) and a conforming cover or cap of supporting material (see 412 in FIG. 4B).
  • suitable supporting material include ductile metals, such as annealed brass, 300 series stainless steel, various alloys thereof, and the like.
  • Such a protective cover or cap of supporting material may then be bonded, press fitted, or otherwise conformed to the elastomeric material to form the reinforced material 408. This results in each of the first and second end portions 404, 406 and their respective contiguous part of the sealing portion 402 being able to withstand sealing pressures of up to at least 10,000 psi with little or no extrusion.
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the sealing element 400 in FIG. 4A.
  • the reinforced material 408 extends over each of the first and second end portions 404, 406 and a respective contiguous part of the sealing portion 402.
  • the reinforced material 408 can be seen more clearly in the zoomed- in section (see dotted area), which shows the reinforced material 408 as being composed of a suitable elastomeric material 410 that is bonded or press fitted to a protective cover or cap of supporting material 412.
  • the thickness of the various supporting materials may be selected as needed for efficacy in a particular downhole environment, and may be .025 inches to .5 inches, for example.
  • the particular infusion, impregnating, or bonding process may be selected for efficacy in a particular application.
  • Vulcanized bonding of an elastomeric material to metal for example, provides a significantly stronger bond compared to glued or a cold bond, but requires significantly more manual effort and labor and therefore costs.
  • Rubber impregnated chopped strand (RICS) can provide additional stiffness to elastomeric material over other processes, leading to greater compression resistance.
  • Graphene infusion also adds toughness that is comparable to steel in some cases, but great care must be taken to ensure the right amount of graphene is added in order to preserve durability and elasticity.
  • the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in a number of ways.
  • the disclosed embodiments relate to an isolation device for controlling fluid flow in a subterranean well.
  • the isolation device comprises, among other things, at least one subassembly and a sealing element coupled to the at least one subassembly.
  • the sealing element has a first end portion, a second end portion opposite the first end portion, and a sealing portion axially extending between the first end portion and the second end portion.
  • the sealing portion is composed at least in part of a reinforced material comprising an elastomeric material combined with a supporting material.
  • the supporting material includes one of a mesh material, a braided wire material, a nylon weave material, and a Kevlar weave material, and/or the elastomeric material is combined with the supporting material using one of an infusion process, and impregnation process, and a vulcanization process.
  • the reinforced material forms an entire length of the sealing portion, and/or the reinforced material forms the first and second end portions.
  • the supporting material includes a ductile metal, such as annealed brass or 300 series stainless steel, and/or the elastomeric material is combined with the supporting material using one of a bonding process and a press-fitting process, and/or the reinforced material forms the first and second end portions and parts of the sealing portion contiguous therewith.
  • the isolation device is one of a retrievable isolation device and a permanent isolation device.
  • the disclosed embodiments relate to a method controlling fluid flow in a subterranean well.
  • the method comprises, among other things, conveying an isolation device down the subterranean well to a desired location, and setting the isolation device at the desired location.
  • the isolation device includes a first end portion, a second end portion opposite the first end portion, and a sealing portion axially extending between the first end portion and the second end portion.
  • the sealing portion is composed at least in part of a reinforced material comprising an elastomeric material combined with a supporting material.
  • the method further comprises using one of a mesh material, a braided wire material, a nylon weave material, and a Kevlar weave material as the supporting material, and/or using one of an infusion process, and impregnation process, and a vulcanization process to combine the elastomeric material with the supporting material.
  • the method further comprises forming an entire length of the sealing portion using reinforced material, and/or forming the first and second end portions using the reinforced material.
  • the method further comprises using a ductile metal, such as annealed brass or 300 series stainless steel as the supporting material, and/or using one of a bonding process and a press-fitting process to combine the elastomeric material with the supporting material, and/or forming the first and second end portions and parts of the sealing portion contiguous therewith using the reinforced material.
  • the method further comprises retrieving the isolation device from the subterranean well or permanently leaving the isolation device in the subterranean well.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, un bouchon provisoire comporte et/ou est composé au moins partiellement d'un matériau renforcé qui aide le bouchon provisoire à mieux résister à des pressions et à des températures de fond de trou. Dans certains modes de réalisation, le matériau renforcé peut être un matériau élastomère, tel que du caoutchouc, du caoutchouc composite, et un matériau similaire, qui comporte un matériau de support collé dessus ou imprégné dedans. Le matériau de support consolide et contribue à renforcer le matériau élastomère pour fournir une plus grande résistance à l'extrusion et d'autres déformations en fond de trou tout en maintenant la capacité du bouchon provisoire à former un joint étanche aux liquides et aux gaz.
PCT/US2019/038255 2019-06-20 2019-06-20 Élément résistant à l'extrusion pour étanchéification de fond de trou Ceased WO2020256730A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2019/038255 WO2020256730A1 (fr) 2019-06-20 2019-06-20 Élément résistant à l'extrusion pour étanchéification de fond de trou

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2019/038255 WO2020256730A1 (fr) 2019-06-20 2019-06-20 Élément résistant à l'extrusion pour étanchéification de fond de trou

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WO2020256730A1 true WO2020256730A1 (fr) 2020-12-24

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2143106A (en) * 1937-03-08 1939-01-10 Dayton Rubber Mfg Co Oil packer
US20080078561A1 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-04-03 Chalker Christopher J Swellable Packer Construction
US20100122821A1 (en) * 2008-11-20 2010-05-20 Pierre-Yves Corre Packer System With Reduced Friction During Actuation
WO2011150367A1 (fr) * 2010-05-27 2011-12-01 Longwood Elastomers, Inc. Procédé amélioré pour produire des garnitures d'étanchéité de fond de trou gonflables et produits associés
US20180051531A1 (en) * 2015-02-24 2018-02-22 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Architecture and method for fabricating reinforced packer elements

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2143106A (en) * 1937-03-08 1939-01-10 Dayton Rubber Mfg Co Oil packer
US20080078561A1 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-04-03 Chalker Christopher J Swellable Packer Construction
US20100122821A1 (en) * 2008-11-20 2010-05-20 Pierre-Yves Corre Packer System With Reduced Friction During Actuation
WO2011150367A1 (fr) * 2010-05-27 2011-12-01 Longwood Elastomers, Inc. Procédé amélioré pour produire des garnitures d'étanchéité de fond de trou gonflables et produits associés
US20180051531A1 (en) * 2015-02-24 2018-02-22 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Architecture and method for fabricating reinforced packer elements

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