WO2020250752A1 - 光治療診断装置およびその作動方法 - Google Patents
光治療診断装置およびその作動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020250752A1 WO2020250752A1 PCT/JP2020/021776 JP2020021776W WO2020250752A1 WO 2020250752 A1 WO2020250752 A1 WO 2020250752A1 JP 2020021776 W JP2020021776 W JP 2020021776W WO 2020250752 A1 WO2020250752 A1 WO 2020250752A1
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- Prior art keywords
- ray
- core
- optical waveguide
- phototherapy
- catheter shaft
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
- A61B5/0066—Optical coherence imaging
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0071—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by measuring fluorescence emission
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
- A61B5/0084—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/062—Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N2005/0632—Constructional aspects of the apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/067—Radiation therapy using light using laser light
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a phototherapy diagnostic apparatus used for a treatment method using light such as a photodynamic therapy method (PDT: PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY) and a photoimmunotherapy (PIT: PHOTO-IMMUNOTHERAPY) and an operation method thereof.
- a photodynamic therapy method PDT: PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
- PIT PHOTO-IMMUNOTHERAPY
- Biotherapy methods using light such as PDT and PIT are attracting attention, but as described in the following patent documents, in order to grasp the state of the treatment site prior to irradiation with light rays for treatment in the living body.
- An optical measuring device capable of irradiating a light beam is known.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an optical probe having a tubular probe outer cylinder, an optical waveguide member, a first irradiation unit, and a second irradiation unit.
- the optical waveguide member guides the first light and the second light disposed in the axial direction of the probe outer cylinder in the internal space of the probe outer cylinder.
- the first irradiation unit irradiates the first light emitted from the tip of the optical waveguide member while scanning the irradiation target arranged on the outer side of the probe outer cylinder.
- the second irradiation unit irradiates the second light emitted from the tip of the optical waveguide member when it is irradiated on the irradiation target arranged outside the probe outer cylinder while being scanned by the first irradiation unit. It enables irradiation on the trajectory of the first light formed on the object.
- the first irradiation unit and the second irradiation unit receive the first light and the second light at different parts on the irradiation target. Irradiate each.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an endoscope system having an insertion unit, an illumination light irradiation unit, a treatment light irradiation unit, a light receiving unit, and a light intensity detection unit.
- the insertion portion is formed to have a tubular shape that can be inserted into the body cavity of the subject.
- the illumination light irradiation unit is provided at the tip of the insertion portion, and is configured to irradiate the front of the tip with illumination light for illuminating a subject existing in the body cavity.
- the treatment light irradiation unit is provided integrally with or separately from the tip portion, and transmits the treatment light transmitted from the treatment light supply unit and the treatment light transmitted by the treatment light transmission unit at the tip.
- the light receiving unit receives the return light of the illumination light radiated to the front of the tip portion and the return light of the therapeutic light radiated into the substantially tubular region in front of the tip portion, respectively.
- the light intensity detecting unit detects the intensity of the return light of the therapeutic light received by the light receiving unit.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a phototherapy diagnostic device and an operation method thereof, which reduce loss due to a decrease in the amount of light rays used for biological observation such as keratinization and vignetting, and improve the efficiency of light utilization. ..
- One embodiment of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of the present invention that has achieved the above object is a catheter shaft having a first end and a second end in the longitudinal direction, and has a lumen extending in the longitudinal direction.
- An optical therapy diagnostic device having a catheter shaft and an optical waveguide arranged in the lumen of the catheter shaft and capable of advancing and retreating in the longitudinal direction.
- the optical waveguide has a first ray and a wavelength of the first ray.
- the catheter shaft has a lateral ejection window arranged on the side of the catheter shaft and a distant ejection window arranged on the distal end of the catheter shaft.
- the first and second rays are emitted laterally from the lateral emission window, the first ray is emitted distally from the distant emission window, and is placed at the distal end of the optical waveguide, the first ray.
- the first ray was arranged on the inner surface of the catheter shaft and distal to the distal end of the lateral exit window, and was reflected by the first mirror surface. It is characterized by having a second mirror surface that reflects the first light beam toward the distal direction of the catheter shaft.
- the first light beam reflected by the first mirror surface is directed to the distal direction of the catheter shaft at a position on the inner surface of the catheter shaft and distal to the distal end of the lateral ejection window. Since the structure is provided with a second mirror surface that reflects toward the light, it is possible to reduce the loss due to the decrease in the amount of light rays used for biological observation and improve the light utilization efficiency while providing an optical system for phototherapy.
- the lateral injection window is arranged over the entire circumference of the catheter shaft, and the second mirror surface is arranged over the entire circumference of the inner surface of the catheter shaft.
- the proximal portion of the optical waveguide is connected to a circumferential rotating member that rotates the optical waveguide in the circumferential direction of the catheter shaft.
- the optical waveguide has a first core, a second core outside the first core, and a clad outside the second core.
- the refractive index n1 of the first core, the refractive index n2 of the second core, and the refractive index n3 of the cladding satisfy n1> n2> n3.
- the optical waveguide has an intermediate clad on the outside of the first core and on the inside of the second core.
- the refractive index n1 of the first core, the refractive index n2 of the second core, and the refractive index n4 of the intermediate clad satisfy n1> n2> n4.
- the side injection windows are arranged corresponding to the non-existing region of the clad.
- the second core has a light diffusion region on the proximal side of the first mirror surface.
- the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the second core in the light diffusion region is preferably larger than the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the second core in the region distal to the light diffusion region. ..
- the surface roughness Ra shall be based on the arithmetic mean roughness Ra specified in JIS B 0601 (2001).
- the second core contains light-diffusing particles in the light-diffusing region.
- the normal of the distal end face of the first core is inclined with respect to the optical axis of the optical waveguide, and a metal material is arranged on the distal end face of the first core.
- the distal end of the catheter shaft is sharp.
- the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus preferably has a light source that generates a first ray and a lens that is arranged between the light source and the first mirror surface.
- the aberration correction lens is arranged on the distal side of the second mirror surface.
- the catheter shaft preferably includes a balloon communicating with the lumen thereof.
- the present invention also provides a method for operating the above-mentioned phototherapy diagnostic device.
- One embodiment of the method of operating the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of the present invention is a step of guiding a first ray to an optical waveguide, and guiding a second ray to the optical waveguide after guiding the first ray to the optical waveguide. It has a step of emitting a second light beam from a side emission window by making it wave, and a step of emitting a second light beam from the side emission window and then guiding the first light beam into an optical waveguide.
- the side view of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown.
- An enlarged cross-sectional view of the distal side of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 1 is shown, and a state in which a first ray is emitted toward the distal direction of the catheter shaft is shown.
- An enlarged cross-sectional view of the distal side of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 1 is shown, and a state in which a first ray is emitted toward the side of the catheter shaft is shown.
- An enlarged cross-sectional view of the distal side of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 1 is shown, and a state in which a second ray is emitted toward the side of the catheter shaft is shown.
- the VV cross-sectional view of the optical waveguide of FIG. 2 is shown.
- a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the optical waveguide of FIG. 5 is shown.
- a side sectional view showing a modified example of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 2 is shown.
- the VIII-VIII cross-sectional view of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 3 is shown.
- a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 4 is shown.
- a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 2 is shown.
- a cross-sectional view showing still another modification of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 2 is shown.
- One embodiment of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of the present invention is a catheter shaft having a first end and a second end in the longitudinal direction, the catheter shaft having a lumen extending in the longitudinal direction, and the catheter shaft.
- An optical therapy diagnostic device that is arranged in a lumen and has an optical waveguide that can move forward and backward in the longitudinal direction.
- the optical waveguide has a first ray and a second ray having a wavelength different from that of the first ray.
- the catheter shaft is provided with a lateral ejection window located on the side of the catheter shaft and a distant ejection window located on the distal end of the catheter shaft, and the catheter shaft is provided from the lateral ejection window.
- the first and second rays are emitted laterally, the first ray is emitted distally through a distant exit window, placed at the distal end of the optical waveguide, and the first ray is directed lateral to the catheter shaft.
- the first mirror surface to be reflected toward the catheter shaft and the first light beam reflected by the first mirror surface, which is located on the inner surface of the catheter shaft and distal to the distal end of the lateral ejection window, are directed to the catheter shaft. It is characterized by having a second mirror surface that reflects toward the distal direction.
- the first light beam reflected by the first mirror surface is directed to the distal direction of the catheter shaft at a position on the inner surface of the catheter shaft and distal to the distal end of the lateral ejection window. Since the structure is provided with a second mirror surface that reflects toward the light, it is possible to reduce the loss due to the decrease in the amount of light rays used for biological observation and improve the light utilization efficiency while providing an optical system for phototherapy.
- FIG. 1 shows a side view of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 2 to 4 show an enlarged cross-sectional view of the distal side of the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 2 shows a state in which the first light beam is emitted toward the distal direction of the catheter shaft
- FIG. 3 shows a state in which the first light ray is emitted toward the side of the catheter shaft.
- the phototherapy diagnostic device 1 has a catheter shaft 10 and an optical waveguide 20.
- the phototherapy diagnostic device 1 may be simply referred to as a device 1
- the catheter shaft 10 may be simply referred to as a shaft 10.
- Device 1 can be used for PDT and PIT.
- OCT optical coherence tomography
- an ultrasonic imaging method or a fluorescence imaging method may be used.
- the shaft 10 has a first end and a second end that define the longitudinal direction.
- the device 1 and the distal side of the shaft 10 are the first end side in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 10 (in other words, the longitudinal axis direction of the shaft 10) and refer to the treatment target side.
- the proximal side of the phototherapy diagnostic device 1 and the shaft 10 is the second end side of the shaft 10 in the longitudinal direction and refers to the hand side of the user (operator).
- the left side represents the distal side
- the right side represents the proximal side.
- the inner side points in the direction toward the center of the longitudinal axis of the shaft 10
- the outer side points in the radial direction in the direction opposite to the inner side.
- the shaft 10 has a lumen 11 extending in the longitudinal direction.
- the shaft 10 has a tubular structure for arranging the optical waveguide 20 in the lumen 11. Since the shaft 10 is inserted into the body, it preferably has flexibility.
- the shaft 10 having a tubular structure is a hollow body formed by arranging one or a plurality of wire rods in a predetermined pattern; at least one of the inner surface and the outer surface of the hollow body is coated with resin; Cylindrical resin tubes; or a combination thereof, for example, those connected in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 10 can be mentioned.
- the wire may be one or more single wires, or may be one or more stranded wires.
- the resin tube can be manufactured, for example, by extrusion molding.
- the shaft 10 is a tubular resin tube, the shaft 10 can be composed of a single layer or a plurality of layers. A part of the shaft 10 in the longitudinal direction or the circumferential direction is composed of a single layer, and the other portion may be composed of a plurality of layers.
- a handle 40 gripped by the operator is preferably connected to the proximal portion of the shaft 10.
- the device 1 may be incorporated in an endoscope or may be used as a combined device. This enables more detailed observation and treatment of the target site.
- the shaft 10 is formed of, for example, a polyolefin resin (for example, polyethylene or polypropylene), a polyamide resin (for example, nylon), a polyester resin (for example, PET), an aromatic polyetherketone resin (for example, PEEK), a polyether polyamide resin, or a polyurethane. It can be composed of synthetic resins such as resins, polyimide resins and fluororesins (for example, PTFE, PFA, ETFE) and metals such as stainless steel, carbon steel and nickel titanium alloys. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the optical waveguide 20 is arranged in the lumen 11 of the shaft 10 and can move forward and backward in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 10.
- the optical waveguide 20 guides a first ray 51 and a second ray 52 having different wavelengths from each other.
- Examples of the optical waveguide 20 include an optical fiber having a core and a cladding. It is preferable that a light source is connected to the proximal portion of the optical waveguide 20. As a result, the first ray 51 and the second ray 52 can be incident on the optical waveguide 20.
- the shaft 10 includes a side injection window 12 arranged on the side of the shaft 10 and a distant injection window 13 arranged on the distal end of the shaft 10.
- the first ray 51 and the second ray 52 are emitted laterally from the side emission window 12, and the first ray 51 is emitted distally from the far emission window 13.
- the device 1 is arranged at the distal end of the optical waveguide 20 and has a first mirror surface 31 that reflects the first light ray 51 toward the side of the shaft 10 and an inner side surface 10a of the shaft 10 that is lateral to the device 1.
- a second mirror surface 32 which is arranged at a position distal to the distal end of the ejection window 12 and reflects a first light ray 51 reflected by the first mirror surface 31 toward the distal direction of the shaft 10, is provided. There is.
- the device 1 is arranged at a position on the inner side surface 10a of the shaft 10 and distal to the distal end of the lateral injection window 12, and the first light beam 51 reflected by the first mirror surface 31 is shafted. Since the configuration is provided with a second mirror surface 32 that reflects toward the distal direction of 10, the loss due to the decrease in the amount of light rays used for biological observation is reduced and the light utilization efficiency is improved while providing an optical system for phototherapy. Can be improved.
- the position of the optical waveguide 20 with respect to the shaft 10 can be changed by moving the optical waveguide 20 in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 10 in the cavity 11 of the shaft 10.
- the risk of the device 1 puncturing the blood vessel can be reduced by setting the forward observation mode.
- the target site can be observed by setting the side observation mode.
- the first ray 51 is an observation ray for grasping the state of the treatment site or a peripheral portion thereof
- the second ray 52 is a therapeutic ray.
- the treatment result of the target site can be confirmed by observing the target site with the observation ray after irradiation with the therapeutic ray.
- the procedure time and treatment period can be shortened.
- FIG. 2 by emitting the first light ray 51 reflected by the first mirror surface 31 and the second mirror surface 32 in the distal direction from the distant injection window 13, the biological tissue distal to the device 1 is emitted.
- a tomographic image is created based on the reflected light when the living tissue is irradiated with the first ray 51.
- the state of the living tissue on the side of the shaft 10 can be grasped by emitting the first light ray 51 reflected by the first mirror surface 31 laterally from the side emission window 12. it can.
- the second light beam 52 is emitted laterally from the side injection window 12 and irradiates the living tissue on the side of the shaft 10, so that the biological treatment using the light beam can be performed. ..
- the first ray 51 is preferably near-infrared light, and more preferably infrared light. As a result, the passability of the first ray 51 to the body tissue is improved.
- the light source of the first ray 51 may be a Super Luminescent Diode light source, a Super Continuum light source, or a wavelength sweep laser.
- the wavelength (center wavelength) of the first ray 51 may be, for example, 1.3 ⁇ m or more, 1.35 ⁇ m or more, or 1.4 ⁇ m or more, and is 1.8 ⁇ m or less, 1.75 ⁇ m or less, or 1.7 ⁇ m or less. It is also acceptable to be.
- the second ray 52 is preferably a laser beam having a wavelength suitable for phototherapy such as PDT and PIT, which irradiates the body tissue.
- the wavelength of the second ray 52 is preferably shorter than the wavelength of the first ray 51.
- the wavelength of the second ray 52 may be, for example, 0.64 ⁇ m or more, 0.65 ⁇ m or more, or 0.66 ⁇ m or more, and may be 0.72 ⁇ m or less, 0.71 ⁇ m or less, or 0.7 ⁇ m or less. Will be done.
- the first ray 51 and the second ray 52 may be emitted from one light source, or the first ray 51 and the second ray 52 may be emitted from different light sources.
- the device 1 preferably has a light source 42 that generates a first light ray 51 and a lens arranged between the light source 42 and the first mirror surface 31.
- the first light ray 51 can be incident on the optical waveguide 20 by the light source 42, and the image of the biological tissue on the side of the side emission window 12 and the distant emission window 13 are collected by condensing the first light ray 51 with the lens. It is possible to obtain an image of a living tissue in a distant place with higher sensitivity.
- the lens may focus the first ray 51 for emitting to the living tissue, or may focus the first ray 51 reflected by the living tissue.
- the lens may be arranged proximal to the optical waveguide 20, may be arranged in the optical waveguide 20, or may be arranged distal to the optical waveguide 20.
- As the lens it is preferable to use a so-called GRIN lens having a continuously changing refractive index.
- the side injection window 12 is preferably formed on the side wall of the shaft 10.
- the side injection windows 12 are preferably arranged so as to extend in the circumferential direction of the shaft 10, and more preferably arranged over the entire circumference of the shaft 10. As a result, the second ray 52 can be irradiated over a wide area at one time, so that the burden on the patient can be reduced.
- the side injection window 12 is arranged on the proximal side of the distal end of the shaft 10.
- the proximal end of the lateral injection window 12 can be located, for example, within 10 cm of the distal end of the shaft 10.
- the distant injection window 13 is preferably formed on the distal end surface of the shaft 10. This makes it easier to emit the first light beam 51 toward the distal direction from the distant emission window 13.
- the distal end face of the shaft 10 may be flat or curved. Thereby, the distant injection window 13 can also be formed on a flat surface or a curved surface.
- the side emission window 12 and the far emission window 13 may be made of a material that transmits the first ray 51 or the second ray 52. It is preferable that the constituent materials of the side injection window 12 and the far injection window 13 have a higher transmittance than the constituent materials of the portion of the shaft 10 where the injection window is not formed.
- materials constituting the side injection window 12 and the far injection window 13 in addition to the resin constituting the shaft 10 for example, (meth) acrylic resin (for example, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)) and polycarbonate resin (for example, poly).
- Synthetic resins such as diethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate (PC)), polystyrene resins (eg, methyl methacrylate / styrene copolymer resin (MS), acrylic nitrile styrene resin (SAN)), polyamide resins (eg nylon), and polyolefin resins. be able to. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the materials constituting the side injection window 12 and the far injection window 13 may be the same or different.
- the optical waveguide 20 has a first core 21, a second core 22 outside the first core 21, and a clad 23 outside the second core 22. It is preferable to have.
- the refractive index n1 of the first core 21, the refractive index n2 of the second core 22, and the refractive index n3 of the clad 23 satisfy n1> n2> n3.
- the first core 21, the second core 22, and the clad 23 are preferably arranged concentrically.
- the first core 21 can guide the first ray 51 and the first core 21 and the second core 22 can guide the second ray 52 while preventing the leakage of the light rays by the clad 23.
- the optical waveguide 20 may have one or more single-core fibers in which one core is arranged in one clad, or one or more multi-core fibers in which a plurality of cores are arranged in one clad. You may have more than one.
- FIG. 5 shows an example in which the optical waveguide 20 is a multi-core fiber in which a plurality of cores 21 and 22 are arranged in one clad 23.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the optical waveguide 20 shown in FIG.
- the optical waveguide 20 preferably has an intermediate clad 24 on the outer side of the first core 21 and on the inner side of the second core 22.
- the refractive index n1 of the first core 21, the refractive index n2 of the second core 22, and the refractive index n4 of the intermediate clad 24 satisfy n1> n2> n4.
- the light beam guided by the first core 21 can be confined by the intermediate clad 24, and the light beam guided by the second core 22 can be confined by the intermediate clad 24 and the clad 23.
- leakage of light from the optical waveguide 20 can be prevented.
- the refractive index n4 of the intermediate clad 24 may be the same as or different from the refractive index n3 of the clad 23.
- the first mirror surface 31 is provided to mirror-reflect the first ray 51 and the second ray 52
- the second mirror surface 32 is provided to mirror-reflect the first ray 51.
- the first mirror surface 31 and the second mirror surface 32 may be a flat surface or a curved surface, respectively.
- the first mirror surface 31 is inclined with respect to the optical axis of the optical waveguide 20.
- the inclination angle of the first mirror surface 31 with respect to the optical axis of the optical waveguide 20 may be 40 degrees or more, 41 degrees or more, or 42 degrees or more, or 47 degrees or less, 46 degrees or less, or 45 degrees or less. It is also acceptable.
- the first mirror surface 31 can be a reflective surface arranged at the distal end of the optical waveguide 20.
- the reflective surface of the first mirror surface 31 faces the proximal side of the shaft 10.
- the surface of the metal material can be the first mirror surface 31.
- the normal of the distal end face of the first core 21 is inclined with respect to the optical axis of the optical waveguide 20, and a metal material is arranged on the distal end face of the first core 21.
- the surface of the metal thin film 33 can be the first mirror surface 31.
- the first mirror surface 31 can be inclined with respect to the optical axis of the optical waveguide 20, and the first mirror surface 31 can easily reflect the first ray 51 or the second ray 52.
- vapor deposition, sticking of a sheet-shaped metal piece, or the like can be used as a method of arranging the metal material on the distal end surface of the first core 21, vapor deposition, sticking of a sheet-shaped metal piece, or the like can be used.
- FIG. 7 shows a side sectional view showing a modified example of the device 1 of FIG.
- a lens 35 for condensing light such as a Gradient Index lens (GRIN lens) may be arranged between the optical waveguide 20 and the first mirror surface 31.
- GRIN lens Gradient Index lens
- the prism 36 is arranged on the distal side of the optical waveguide 20 (preferably on the distal side of the focusing lens 35), and the normal line of the distal end face of the prism 36 is optical. It is preferable that the waveguide 20 is inclined with respect to the optical axis. As a result, the distal end surface of the prism 36 can be the first mirror surface 31.
- a metal thin film 34 can be arranged on the distal end surface of the prism 36, and the surface of the metal thin film 34 can be a first mirror surface 31.
- the second mirror surface 32 is arranged over the entire circumference of the inner side surface 10a of the shaft 10. As a result, the first light ray 51 reflected by the first mirror surface 31 can be received at any position in the circumferential direction. As a result, the second mirror surface 32 makes it easier to reflect the first light ray 51 from the first mirror surface 31 toward the distal direction of the shaft 10 without leakage.
- the surface of the metal thin film 37 formed on the inner side surface 10a of the shaft 10 can be mentioned.
- a method of forming the metal thin film 37 on the inner surface 10a of the shaft 10 a method of injecting an aqueous silver nitrate solution and a reducing agent solution into the cavity 11 of the shaft 10 to reduce silver and attach it to the inner surface 10a of the shaft 10 is used. Can be mentioned.
- the metal thin film 37 is formed so as to become thinner toward the distal side of the shaft 10, so that the second mirror surface 32 is formed with respect to the optical axis of the optical waveguide 20. Can be tilted. In that case, the second mirror surface 32 is formed in a truncated cone shape.
- the second mirror surface 32 is inclined with respect to the optical axis of the optical waveguide 20.
- the inclination angle of the second mirror surface 32 with respect to the optical axis of the optical waveguide 20 may be 3 degrees or more, 5 degrees or more, or 10 degrees or more, or 30 degrees or less, 25 degrees or less, or 15 degrees or less. It is also acceptable. By setting the inclination angle of the second mirror surface 32 in this way, it becomes easy to reflect the first light ray 51 received on the second mirror surface 32 toward the distal direction of the shaft 10.
- the second mirror surface 32 is arranged on the distal side of the side injection window 12. As a result, the second mirror surface 32 does not hinder the emission of the second light beam 52 from the side emission window 12.
- the second mirror surface 32 is formed longer than the first mirror surface 31 in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 10. As a result, the first mirror surface 31 and the second mirror surface 32 tend to overlap in a wide range in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 10.
- the tilt angle of the first mirror surface 31 with respect to the optical axis of the optical waveguide 20 and the tilt angle of the second mirror surface 32 with respect to the optical axis of the optical waveguide 20 may be the same or different, but the tilt angle of the first mirror surface 31 Is preferably larger than the inclination angle of the second mirror surface 32.
- Examples of the metal constituting the first mirror surface 31 or the second mirror surface 32 include aluminum, silver, copper, tin, or a combination thereof.
- the materials constituting the first mirror surface 31 and the second mirror surface 32 may be the same or different from each other.
- FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of FIG.
- the side injection window 12 is preferably arranged so as to correspond to the non-existing region 23a of the clad 23.
- the first ray 51 or the second ray 52 that guides the first core 21 or the second core 22 can be emitted laterally from the non-existing region 23a of the clad 23.
- the second ray 52 is emitted laterally from the non-existing region 23a of the clad 23.
- the fact that the side injection window 12 is arranged corresponding to the non-existing region 23a of the clad 23 means that the non-existing region 23a of the clad 23 is arranged when the optical waveguide 20 is arranged at a predetermined position of the shaft 10. Means that the side injection window 12 of the shaft 10 overlaps at least in part.
- the non-existing region 23a of the clad 23 is a region in which the core (first core 21 or second core 22, preferably the second core 22) in the clad 23 is exposed to the outside due to the absence of the clad 23. ..
- Examples of the method of forming the non-existing region 23a of the clad 23 as described above include a method of mechanically or chemically removing the clad 23, and examples thereof include laser processing and etching processing.
- the non-existing region 23a of the clad 23 preferably extends in the circumferential direction, and more preferably is arranged over the entire circumference of the optical waveguide 20. As a result, the second ray 52 can be irradiated over a wide area at once.
- the second core 22 preferably has a light diffusion region 22a on the proximal side of the first mirror surface 31.
- the second ray 52 can be suitably diffused, so that the second ray 52 can be irradiated over a wide range at once.
- the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the second core 22 in the light diffusion region 22a is preferably larger than the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the second core 22 in the distal region than the light diffusion region 22a.
- the surface roughness Ra shall be based on the arithmetic mean roughness Ra specified in JIS B 0601 (2001).
- Examples of the method of roughening the outer surface of the second core 22 in the light diffusion region 22a include a method of mechanically or chemically roughening these surfaces, for example, etching, blasting, scribing, wire brush, and the like. Alternatively, a method using sandpaper can be mentioned.
- the second core 22 preferably contains light diffusing particles in the light diffusing region 22a.
- the second light beam 52 can be efficiently diffused in the light diffusion region 22a, so that a wide range can be irradiated at one time.
- the light diffusing particles include inorganic particles such as titanium oxide, barium sulfate and calcium carbonate, and organic particles such as crosslinked acrylic particles and crosslinked styrene particles.
- the length of the light diffusion region 22a of the second core 22 or the length of the non-existing region 23a of the clad 23 in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 10 is preferably shorter than that of the side injection window 12. This makes it easier to emit the second ray 52 to the side of the shaft 10 without loss.
- the distal end of the shaft 10 is closed. This makes it possible to prevent liquids such as body fluids from entering the lumen 11 of the shaft 10.
- the normal of the distal end face of the shaft 10 may be parallel to the optical axis of the optical waveguide 20.
- the shaft 10 may be composed of a plurality of members.
- the shaft 10 is a tubular shaft body having an opening formed at its distal end, and a cap provided at the distal end of the shaft body and closing the opening of the shaft body. May have.
- the distant injection window 13 may be formed on the cap.
- the portion where the injection window is not formed can be easily composed of different materials.
- the description of the constituent material of the shaft 10 can be referred to.
- FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the device 1 of FIG.
- the distal end portion of the shaft 10 may have a sharp shape formed by one line or a sharp shape formed by two or more lines.
- the distal end of the shaft 10 may be located at the radial outer end of the shaft 10 or at the center of the long axis of the shaft 10.
- the distal end portion of the shaft 10 is preferably sharp. Since the distal end of the shaft 10 can be punctured into the tissue, the position of the shaft 10 in the body can be fixed. As a result, it becomes easy to irradiate the first ray 51 and the second ray 52 for image diagnosis and treatment.
- the proximal portion of the optical waveguide 20 is preferably connected to a circumferential rotating member 41 that rotates the optical waveguide 20 in the circumferential direction of the shaft 10. It is more preferable that the optical waveguide 20 rotates with respect to the shaft 10 about its optical axis. Since the optical waveguide 20 can be rotated around its optical axis, the emission position of light rays from the side emission window 12 in the circumferential direction of the shaft 10 can be adjusted.
- FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view showing still another modification of FIG.
- the aberration correction lens 38 is arranged on the distal side of the second mirror surface 32 (more preferably, the distal side of the second mirror surface 32 than the distal end). Since the aberration generated by reflecting the first light ray 51 on the first mirror surface 31 and the second mirror surface 32 can be corrected, it becomes easier to form an image and it becomes easier to observe the shaft 10 in the distal direction.
- the aberration correction lens 38 is arranged when the second mirror surface 32 is formed in a truncated cone shape. Examples of the aberration correction lens 38 include a doublet lens in which a convex lens and a concave lens are combined, and an aspherical lens.
- One or more aberration correction lenses 38 may be provided.
- the shaft 10 may be provided with a balloon on the distal side.
- the shaft 10 may include a balloon communicating with its lumen.
- the balloon may be arranged so as to cover the side injection window 12 in relation to the side injection window 12 provided on the shaft 10, and may be arranged distally or proximal to the side injection window 12. It may have been.
- the balloon may cover the far injection window 13 or both the side injection window 12 and the far injection window 13. It is preferable that the balloon is attached to the shaft 10 so that the portion where the balloon is attached to the shaft 10 does not overlap with the side injection window 12 and the far injection window 13. If the light beam can pass through the balloon, the balloon may be attached to the shaft 10 so as to overlap the side injection window 12.
- the device 1 By providing the balloon on the shaft 10, the device 1 is fixed in the body cavity, and the light beam can be stably emitted from the side injection window 12.
- the balloon When the balloon is arranged on the shaft 10 so that the balloon covers the side ejection window 12, it is preferable to use a highly transparent material for the balloon in order to prevent the light beam emitted from the side ejection window 12 from being attenuated.
- the present invention also provides a method of operating the above-mentioned phototherapy diagnostic device 1.
- One embodiment of the method of operating the phototherapy diagnostic apparatus 1 of the present invention includes a step of guiding the first ray 51 into the optical waveguide 20 and a second ray after guiding the first ray 51 into the optical waveguide 50.
- the optical waveguide 20 is moved distal to the shaft 10 to a predetermined position where the first mirror surface 31 overlaps the second mirror surface 32 in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 10. Specifically, the optical waveguide 20 is moved so that the distal end of the first mirror surface 31 is located distal to the proximal end of the second mirror surface 32.
- the first ray 51 is guided to the optical waveguide 20. As a result, the first ray 51 is reflected by the first mirror surface 31 and the second mirror surface 32, and the first ray 51 is emitted in the distal direction from the distant emission window 13. As a result, the distal side of the phototherapy diagnostic device 1 can be observed.
- the optical waveguide 20 is moved proximal to the shaft 10 to a predetermined position where the first mirror surface 31 does not overlap the second mirror surface 32 in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 10. Specifically, the optical waveguide 20 is moved so that the distal end of the first mirror surface 31 is located proximal to the proximal end of the second mirror surface 32. At this time, it is preferable that the non-existing region 23a of the clad 23 or the light diffusion region 22a of the second core 22 is arranged so as to overlap the side injection window 12 in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 10.
- the second ray 52 is emitted from the side emission window 12 by guiding the second ray 52 to the optical waveguide 20.
- the second ray 52 is reflected by the first mirror surface 31, and the second ray 52 is emitted from the side emission window 12 to the side of the shaft 10.
- the second ray 52 can be applied to the tissue located on the side of the shaft 10.
- the first ray 51 After emitting the second ray 52 from the side emission window 12, the first ray 51 is guided to the optical waveguide 20. As a result, the first ray 51 is reflected by the first mirror surface 31, and the first ray 51 is emitted to the side of the shaft 10 from the side emission window 12. This makes it possible to grasp the state of the tissue located on the side of the catheter.
- Phototherapy diagnostic device 10 Catheter shaft 10a: Inner surface 11: Luminous 12: Lateral injection window 13: Far injection window 20: Optical waveguide 21: First core 22: Second core 22a: Light diffusion region 23: Clad 23a: Clad non-existing region 24: Intermediate clad 31: First mirror surface 32: Second mirror surface 33, 34: Metal thin film 35: Lens 36: Prism 37: Metal thin film 38: Aberration correction lens 40: Handle 41: Circumferential direction Rotating member 42: Light source 51: First ray 52: Second ray
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Abstract
Description
10:カテーテルシャフト
10a:内側面
11:内腔
12:側方射出窓
13:遠方射出窓
20:光導波路
21:第1コア
22:第2コア
22a:光拡散領域
23:クラッド
23a:クラッドの非存在領域
24:中間クラッド
31:第1鏡面
32:第2鏡面
33、34:金属薄膜
35:レンズ
36:プリズム
37:金属薄膜
38:収差補正レンズ
40:ハンドル
41:周方向回転部材
42:光源
51:第1光線
52:第2光線
Claims (15)
- 長手方向に第1端と第2端を有するカテーテルシャフトであって、該長手方向に延在している内腔を有するカテーテルシャフトと、
前記カテーテルシャフトの前記内腔に配置され、前記長手方向に進退可能な光導波路と、を有している光治療診断装置であって、
前記光導波路は、第1光線と該第1光線とは波長が異なる第2光線とを導波するものであり、
前記カテーテルシャフトは、前記カテーテルシャフトの側部に配されている側方射出窓と前記カテーテルシャフトの遠位端部に配されている遠方射出窓とを備え、
前記側方射出窓から前記第1光線と前記第2光線とが側方に射出され、
前記遠方射出窓から前記第1光線が遠位方向に射出され、
前記光導波路の遠位端部に配され、前記第1光線を前記カテーテルシャフトの側方に向けて反射させる第1鏡面と、
前記カテーテルシャフトの内側面であって前記側方射出窓の遠位端よりも遠位側の位置に配され、前記第1鏡面で反射された前記第1光線を前記カテーテルシャフトの遠位方向に向けて反射させる第2鏡面と、を備えた光治療診断装置。 - 前記側方射出窓は前記カテーテルシャフトの全周にわたって配されており、
前記第2鏡面は前記カテーテルシャフトの内側面の全周にわたって配されている請求項1に記載の光治療診断装置。 - 前記光導波路の近位部は、前記光導波路を前記カテーテルシャフトの周方向に回転させる周方向回転部材に接続されている請求項1または2に記載の光治療診断装置。
- 前記光導波路は、第1コアと、該第1コアの外方にある第2コアと、該第2コアの外方にあるクラッドとを有している請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の光治療診断装置。
但し、第1コアの屈折率n1と、第2コアの屈折率n2と、クラッドの屈折率n3は、n1>n2>n3を満たす。 - 前記光導波路は、前記第1コアの外方かつ前記第2コアの内方に中間クラッドを有している請求項4に記載の光治療診断装置。
但し、第1コアの屈折率n1と、第2コアの屈折率n2と、中間クラッドの屈折率n4は、n1>n2>n4を満たす。 - 前記側方射出窓は、前記クラッドの非存在領域に対応して配されている請求項4または5に記載の光治療診断装置。
- 前記第2コアは、前記第1鏡面よりも近位側に光拡散領域を有している請求項4~6のいずれか一項に記載の光治療診断装置。
- 前記光拡散領域における前記第2コアの外表面の表面粗さRaは、前記光拡散領域よりも遠位領域における前記第2コアの外表面の表面粗さRaよりも大きい請求項7に記載の光治療診断装置。
但し、表面粗さRaは、JIS B 0601(2001)に規定される算術平均粗さRaに基づくものとする。 - 前記第2コアは前記光拡散領域において光拡散粒子を内包している請求項7または8に記載の光治療診断装置。
- 前記第1コアの遠位端面の法線は前記光導波路の光軸に対して傾斜しており、前記第1コアの遠位端面に金属材料が配置されている請求項4~9のいずれか一項に記載の光治療診断装置。
- 前記カテーテルシャフトの遠位端部は尖鋭である請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の光治療診断装置。
- 前記第1光線を発生させる光源と、該光源と前記第1鏡面との間に配置されているレンズと、を有する請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の光治療診断装置。
- 前記第2鏡面よりも遠位側に収差補正レンズが配置されている請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の光治療診断装置。
- 前記カテーテルシャフトは、その内腔に連通するバルーンを含む請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の光治療診断装置。
- 請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の光治療診断装置の作動方法であって、
前記第1光線を前記光導波路に導波させるステップと、
前記第1光線を前記光導波路に導波させた後、前記第2光線を前記光導波路に導波させることにより前記第2光線を前記側方射出窓から射出するステップと、
前記第2光線を前記側方射出窓から射出した後、前記第1光線を前記光導波路に導波させるステップと、
を有している方法。
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| US17/617,058 US12239416B2 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2020-06-02 | Light therapy diagnostic device and method for operating the same |
| JP2021526021A JP7389801B2 (ja) | 2019-06-12 | 2020-06-02 | 光治療診断装置およびその作動方法 |
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| JP7389801B2 (ja) | 2023-11-30 |
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