WO2020240132A1 - Copolymère à blocs à résistance améliorée au sébum - Google Patents
Copolymère à blocs à résistance améliorée au sébum Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020240132A1 WO2020240132A1 PCT/FR2020/050888 FR2020050888W WO2020240132A1 WO 2020240132 A1 WO2020240132 A1 WO 2020240132A1 FR 2020050888 W FR2020050888 W FR 2020050888W WO 2020240132 A1 WO2020240132 A1 WO 2020240132A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/06—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
- C08G63/08—Lactones or lactides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/66—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G63/664—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/68—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
- C08G63/685—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing nitrogen
- C08G63/6852—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing nitrogen derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/44—Polyester-amides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G81/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/12—Polyester-amides
Definitions
- the invention relates to thermoplastic elastomeric polymers (TPE), block copolymers, in particular rigid polyamide blocks and flexible blocks, having improved resistance to sebum.
- TPE thermoplastic elastomeric polymers
- block copolymers in particular rigid polyamide blocks and flexible blocks, having improved resistance to sebum.
- Thermoplastic elastomers are a class of materials with a unique combination of properties. These materials can be formulated to be both flexible and strong, while having elastic characteristics. So
- these materials can also be processed in the molten state due to their thermoplastic nature. Also, unlike their crosslinked rubber counterparts, thermoplastic elastomers can be recycled and reprocessed.
- thermoplastic elastomers are used in many applications. TPE materials can for example be molded, they can also be overmolded, which makes it possible to form an additional layer on an initially molded part. Due to their flexible and elastic nature, thermoplastic elastomers are commonly used in applications where the material undergoes constant or repeated deformation or is in contact with other moving parts.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition used for the manufacture of articles in permanent or repeated contact with the human body, such as handles, buttons or even elements for protecting articles, for example electronic, computer and / or telephone.
- Repeated contact with sebum can cause the coloring or discoloration of certain elastomers, but also their loss of mechanical properties, or even their deformation or swelling.
- Human skin secretes sebum, which is known to attack polymer chains and reduce their molecular weight.
- artificial sebum can be applied to the skin. It is composed of natural and man-made chemicals such as unsaturated and saturated fatty acids eg oleic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid. P turns out that a thermoplastic elastomer composition is always liable to degrade upon repeated contact with sebum in certain applications.
- the flexible blocks in particular polyether, for example PTMG, of lipophilic nature.
- the flexible grades, block copolymers mainly comprising flexible blocks are the most concerned, since these copolymers are often very rich in polyether.
- the aim of the present invention is therefore to provide polymer compositions
- thermoplastic elastomers (abbreviated as "TPE") exhibiting improved resistance to sebum.
- polycaprolactone as a flexible block made it possible to obtain a whole range of TPEs which are particularly resistant to sebum, including for the most flexible grades with a Shore D hardness of less than 50 shD, from preferably shore D hardness less than 40 shore D).
- the TPEs obtained according to the invention also exhibit very good mechanical properties in tension: Young's modulus and strain (elongation) at break (according to ISO 527-2: 2012-1A), comparable to those of TPEs based on flexible polyether blocks, with the difference that these mechanical properties, in the case of TPEs according to the invention, are retained even after prolonged and / or repeated contact with sebum.
- a subject of the present invention is therefore the use of polycaprolactone (abbreviated as PCL) in the manufacture of a copolymer with rigid blocks and flexible blocks to increase the resistance to sebum of said block copolymer.
- PCL polycaprolactone
- Polycaprolatone is a synthetic, hydrophobic and biodegradable aliphatic polyester. This semi-crystalline polymer is non-toxic.
- polycaprolactone PCL is meant in particular polycaprolactones of functionality 2, 3 or 4, preferably polyols, and of number-average molar mass Mn in the range from 400 to 10,000 g / mol.
- polycaprolactones within the meaning of the invention are advantageously polycaprolactone polyols produced by ring-opening addition polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone with hydroxyl groups of an initiator.
- Caprolactone particularly epsilon-caprolactone, is a commercially available lactone.
- the reaction is carried out at a temperature in the range of 100 to 230 ° C, preferably in the presence of a catalyst.
- the patent documents US3021309 and US3021317 describe such reactions for the polymerization of cyclic esters.
- Epsilon-caprolactone can be replaced by 6-hydroxycaproic acid.
- the polyols which can be used as initiator can be represented by the general formula: R- (OH) x in which R represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 1 or 2 aromatic rings, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 37 carbon atoms, a saturated aliphatic group or unsaturated having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a polyester polyol residue having an average molecular weight of 200 to 6000 g / mol or a polyalkylene glycol residue having an average molecular weight of 200 to 6000 g / mol and x represents an integer of 2 to 4.
- initiators include resorcinol, pyrocatechol, hydroquinone, pyrogallol, phloroglucinol, bisphenol A, bisphenol F and their adducts with ethylene, dimethylolbenzene, cyclohexanedimethanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 2-methyl-l, 3-propylene glycol, neopentylglycol, the 1,5-pent anediol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane or pentaerythritol; polyesterpolyols having an average molecular weight of 200 to 6000 g / mol formed from a dicarboxylic acid such as terephthalic, isophthalic, adipic, sebacic acid,
- undecanedioic, dodecanedioic or a fatty acid dimer and a diol such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,5-pentanediol or 1, 6-hexanediol; polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol and polytetramethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 200 to 6000 g / mol; block or random copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and block or random copolymers of ethylene oxide and tetrahydrofuran.
- a diol such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,5-pentanediol or 1, 6-hexanediol
- the polycaprolactone polyols preferably comprise at least two terminal hydroxyl groups.
- the preferred polyols as initiator are in particular those chosen from: neopentylglycol, butanediol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, hexanediol, polytetramethylene glycol, fatty acid diol dimer or even polyester comprising at least one fatty acid diol dimer.
- PCL polyols particularly suitable for use in the present invention can also be chosen from the CAPA series by Ingevity or Priplast XL by Croda. Priplast XL are described in particular in patent document US2016 / 0229946.
- the PCL represents at least 10%, preferably at least 15, preferably at least 20%, preferably at least 25%, preferably at least 30%, preferably at least 35%, preferably at least 40 %, preferably at least 45%, preferably at least 50%, preferably at least 55%, preferably at least 60%, preferably at least 65%, preferably at least 70%, preferably at least 75% , preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 85%, preferably at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, preferably at least 98%, preferably at least 99%, by weight of the flexible blocks, on the total weight of flexible blocks representing 100%.
- the PCL represents 100% of said flexible blocks.
- the PCL represents from 50 to 100%, preferably from 80 to 100%, by weight of the flexible blocks, on the total weight of flexible blocks representing 100%.
- the use of PCL in a copolymer with rigid blocks and flexible blocks according to the invention makes it possible to increase the resistance to sebum of said block copolymer without altering its mechanical properties in traction.
- the PCL is used in a copolymer with rigid blocks and flexible blocks to increase both: the resistance to sebum of said block copolymer and
- the PCL representing from 50 to 100%, preferably from 80 to 100%, preferably from 90 to 100%, by weight of the flexible blocks, on the total weight of flexible blocks representing 100%.
- a subject of the present invention is also a block copolymer resistant to sebum, characterized in that it comprises rigid blocks and flexible blocks comprising at least 50% by weight of PCL, preferably from 50 to 100% by weight of PCL. , preferably 50 to 90%, preferably more than 50% by weight of PCL, preferably at least 55% by weight of PCL, preferably at least 60% by weight of PCL, preferably at least 65% by weight of PCL, preferably at least 70%, preferably at least 75%, preferably at least 80%, preferably from 80 to 90%, by weight of PCL, on the total weight of flexible blocks representing 100%.
- thermoplastic elastomeric polymers TPE
- a block is said to be “flexible” if it has a low glass transition temperature (Tg).
- Tg glass transition temperature
- Tg glass transition temperature
- said at least one block copolymer comprises at least one block chosen from: polyether blocks, polyester blocks, polyamide blocks, polyurethane blocks, and mixtures thereof.
- flexible or soft blocks that can be envisaged in the copolymer according to the invention, is meant in particular those comprising, in addition to PCL, at least one of the following polymers: polyether, polyester, polysiloxane, such as polydimethylsiloxane or PDMS, polyolefin, polycarbonate, and mixtures thereof.
- polyether polysiloxane
- polyolefin polycarbonate
- polyether is preferred in the case where the flexible blocks comprise at least one other polymer in addition to the PCL.
- the polyether is chosen from: poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly (1,2-propylene glycol) (PPG), poly (l, 3-propylene glycol) (P03G), poly (tetramethylene glycol) (PTMG), and their copolymers or mixtures.
- the rigid blocks of the copolymer according to the invention can be based on polyamide, polyurethane, polyester or a mixture of these polymers. These blocks are in particular described in French patent application FR2936803.
- the rigid blocks are preferably based on polyamide.
- copolymers with rigid blocks and flexible blocks there may be mentioned respectively (a) copolymers with polyester blocks and polyether blocks (also called COPE or
- copolyetheresters (b) copolymers with polyurethane blocks and polyether blocks (also called TPU abbreviation of thermoplastic polyurethanes) and (c) copolymers with polyamide blocks and polyether blocks (also called PEBA according to the IUPAC, or also polyether-block- amide).
- said at least one block copolymer (A) comprises a polyamide block and polyether block copolymer (PEBA).
- PEBA polyether block copolymer
- the polyamide blocks (abbreviated PA) can contain homopolyamides or
- copolyamides are in particular those defined in application FR0950637 on page 27 line 18 to page 31 line 14.
- Standard NF EN ISO 1874-1: 2011 defines a nomenclature of polyamides.
- the PA blocks preferably have carboxylic acid ends, this is then referred to as PA diacid.
- the bonds between the hard blocks BD (here PA) and the soft blocks (BM) are therefore generally ester bonds.
- the polyamide blocks containing dicarboxylic chain ends originate, for example, from the condensation of polyamide precursors in the presence of a dicarboxylic acid chain limiter.
- Three types of polyamides can be used in the composition of these PA blocks.
- the polyamide blocks come from the condensation of at least one dicarboxylic acid (aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic), in particular those having from 4 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably those having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms. , and at least one diamine (aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic) chosen in particular from those having from 2 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably those having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- dicarboxylic acid aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic
- diamine aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic
- aliphatic diacids mention may be made of butanedioic, adipic, suberic, azelaic, sebacic, dodecanedicarboxylic, myristic,
- cycloaliphatic diacids there may be mentioned 1,4-cyclohexyldicarboxylic acid.
- aromatic diacids we can mention terephthalic acids
- T isophthalic (I) and the sodium, potassium or lithium salt of 5-sulfo isophthalic acid.
- aliphatic diamines there may be mentioned tetramethylene diamine, hexamethylenediamine, 1,10-decamethylenediamine, dodecamethylenediamine, trimethylhexamethylene diamine.
- cycloaliphatic diamines By way of example of cycloaliphatic diamines, mention may be made of the isomers of bis- (4- aminocyclohexyl) -methane (BACM or PACM), bis- (3-methyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) methane (BMACM or MACM), and 2-2-bis- (3-methyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) -propane (BMACP), risophoronediamine (IPDA), 2,6-bis- (aminomethyl) -norbornane (BAMN) and piperazine (Pip).
- BCM or PACM bis- (4- aminocyclohexyl) -methane
- BMACM or MACM bis- (3-methyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) methane
- BMACP 2-2-bis- (3-methyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) -propane
- IPDA risophoronedia
- the copolymer according to the invention comprises at least one PA block based on PA 44, PA 46, PA 49, PA 410, PA 412, PA 413, PA 414, PA 416, PA 418, PA 436, PA 64, PA 66, PA 69, PA 610, PA 612, PA 613, PA 614, PA 616, PA 618, PA 636, PA 94, PA 96, PA 910, PA 912, PA 913, PA 914, PA 916, PA 918 , PA 936, PA 104, PA 106, PA 109, PA 1010, PA 1012, PA 1013, PA 1014, PA 1016, PA 1018, PA 1036, PA 10T, PA 101, PA BMACM4, PA BMACM6, PA BMACM9, PA BMACM 10, PA BMACM 12, PA
- PACM4 PA PACM6, PA PACM9, PA PACM10, PA PACM12, PA PACM13, PA PACM14, PA PACM16, PA PACM18, PA PACM36, PA Pip4, PA Pip6, PA Pip9, PA PiplO, PA Pip 12, PA Pipl3, PA Pipl4 , PA Pipl6, PA Pipl8 and / or PA Pip36, and their copolymers.
- the polyamide blocks result from the condensation of one or more alpha omega-aminocarboxylic acids and / or one or more lactams having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the presence of a dicarboxylic acid having from 4 to 36 carbon atoms.
- lactams examples include caprolactam, enantholactam and lauryllactam.
- alpha, omega-amino carboxylic acid mention may be made of aminocaproic, 7-amino-heptanoic, 11-amino-undecanoic and 12-aminododecanoic acids.
- the polyamide blocks of the second type are made of polyamide 11, polyamide 12 or polyamide 6.
- the polyamide blocks result from the condensation of at least one monomer of the first type with at least one monomer of the second type.
- polyamide blocks result from the condensation of at least one alpha, omega-aminocarboxylic acid (or one lactam), with at least one diamine and one dicarboxylic acid.
- the PA blocks are prepared by polycondensation:
- ⁇ Z ⁇ comonomer chosen from lactams and alpha-omega-aminocarboxylic acids having Z carbon atoms; - in the presence of a chain limiter chosen from dicarboxylic acids or of an excess of diacid used as a structural unit;
- the dicarboxylic acid having Y carbon atoms which is introduced in excess relative to the stoichiometry of the diamine (s), is used as chain limiter.
- the polyamide blocks result from the condensation of at least two different alpha omega-aminocarboxylic acids or of at least two different lactams having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms or of a lactam and an acid. aminocarboxylic not having the same number of carbon atoms in the possible presence of a chain limiter.
- polyamide blocks mention may be made of those formed by the following polyamides (copolyamides):
- PA 11/12 in which 11 denotes amino-11-undecanoic acid, and 12 denotes lauryllactam.
- PA 1010/11, PA 610/11, PA1012 / 11 PA 1010/11, PA 610/11, PA1012 / 11
- PA 1010/11/12 PA 610/1010/11, PA 610/612/11, PA 610/612/1010, PA 11/636, PA 11/1036, PA 1010/1036.
- polyamide blocks As examples of preferred polyamide blocks according to the invention, mention may be made of those comprising at least one of the following molecules: PA12, PA11, PA1010, PA610, PA6, PA6 / 12, and / or those comprising at least one of the monomers following: 6, 11, 12, 54, 59, 510, 512, 513, 514, 516, 518, 536, 64, 66, 69, 610, 612, 613, 614, 616, 618, 636, 104, 109, 1010, 1012, 1013, 1014, 1016, 1018, 1036, 10T, 124, 129, 1210, 1212, 1213, 1214, 1216, 1218, 1236, 12T and their mixtures or copolyamides.
- the molar mass Mn of the polyamide blocks is in the range from 400 to 20,000 g / mol, preferably from 500 to 10,000 g / mol, and more preferably from 600 to 5,000 g / mol.
- flexible or soft blocks that can be envisaged in the TPEs according to the invention, is meant in particular those chosen from polyether blocks, polyester blocks, polysiloxane blocks, such as polydimethylsiloxane or PDMS blocks, polyolefin blocks, blocks polycarbonate, and mixtures thereof.
- the flexible blocks comprise polyether blocks.
- PE polyether blocks
- polyoxyalkylenes such as polyalkylene ether polyols, especially polyalkylene ether diols.
- the PE blocks of the copolymer of the invention comprise at least one molecule chosen from poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly (1,2-propylene glycol) (PPG), polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG), polyhexamethylene glycol , poly (1,3-propylene glycol) (P03G), poly (3-alkyl tetrahydrofuran) in particular poly (3-methyltetrahydrofuran (poly (3MeTHF)), and mixtures thereof.
- PEG poly (ethylene glycol)
- PPG poly (1,2-propylene glycol)
- PTMG polytetramethylene glycol
- P03G polyhexamethylene glycol
- poly (3-alkyl tetrahydrofuran) in particular poly (3-methyltetrahydrofuran (
- the polyether blocks can also comprise blocks obtained by oxyethylation of bisphenols, such as for example bisphenol-A. These latter products are described in patent EP613919.
- the polyether blocks can also include ethoxylated primary amines.
- ethoxylated primary amines mention may be made of the products of formula:
- the BM block comprises PTMG, in addition to PCL.
- polyester blocks within the meaning of the invention, is meant the polyesters usually produced by polycondensation between a dicarboxylic acid and a diol.
- Suitable carboxylic acids include those mentioned above used to form the polyamide blocks with the exception of aromatic acids, such as terephthalic and isophthalic acid.
- Suitable diols include linear aliphatic diols such as ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, branched diols such as neopentyl glycol, 3- methylpentane glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, and cyclic diols such as 1,4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane and 1,4-cyclohexane-dimethanol.
- polyyesters also means PES based on fatty acid dimers, in particular the products of the PRIPLAST® range from the company Croda, or the NOURACID® range from the Oleon company.
- PES block of the alternate, statistical or block "copolyester” type containing a sequence of at least two types of PES mentioned above.
- polysiloxane block within the meaning of the invention, is meant any organized polymer or oligomer with linear or cyclic, branched or crosslinked structure obtained by polymerization of functionalized silanes and consisting essentially of a repetition of units main ones in which silicon atoms are linked together by oxygen atoms (siloxane Si-O-Si bond), optionally substituted hydrocarbon radicals being directly linked via a carbon atom to said silicon atoms .
- hydrocarbon radicals are alkyl radicals, in particular C 1 -C 10 and in particular methyl, fluoroalkyl radicals, aryl radicals and in particular phenyl, and alkenyl radicals and in particular vinyl; other types of radicals capable of being linked either directly or through the intermediary of a hydrocarbon radical, to the siloxane chain are in particular hydrogen, halogens and in particular chlorine, bromine or fluorine, thiols, alkoxy radicals, polyoxyalkylene (or polyethers) radicals and in particular polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene, hydroxyl or hydroxyalkyl radicals, substituted or unsubstituted amine groups, amide groups, acyloxy or acyloxyalkyl radicals, hydroxyalkylamino or amino radicals , quaternary ammonium groups, amphoteric or betainic groups, anionic groups such as carboxylates, thioglycolates, sulphosuccinate
- said polysiloxane blocks comprise polydimethylsiloxane (hereinafter abbreviated PDMS blocks), polymethylphenylsiloxane, and / or polyvinylsiloxane.
- PDMS blocks polydimethylsiloxane
- polymethylphenylsiloxane polymethylphenylsiloxane
- polyvinylsiloxane polyvinylsiloxane
- polyolefin block within the meaning of the invention, is meant any polymer comprising as monomer an alpha-olefin, that is to say the homopolymers of an olefin or the copolymers of at least an alpha-olefin and at least one other copolymerizable monomer, the alpha-olefin advantageously having from 2 to 30 carbon atoms.
- alpha-olefin As an example of an alpha-olefin, mention may be made of ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 3-methyl-1 -butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3 -methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-octadecene, 1-eicocene, 1-dococene, 1-tetracocene, 1-hexacocene, 1-octacocene, and 1-triacontene. These alpha-olefins can be used singly or as a mixture of two or more.
- ethylene homopolymers and copolymers in particular low density polyethylene (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), very low density polyethylene (VLDPE), polyethylene obtained by catalysis metallocene;
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- VLDPE very low density polyethylene
- APAO essentially amorphous or attactic polyalphaolefins
- ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers such as ethylene / propylene, elastomers
- EPR ethylene-propylene-rubber
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene
- SEBS styrene / ethylene-butene / styrene
- SBS butadiene / styrene
- SIS styrene / isoprene / styrene
- SEPS styrene / ethylene-propylene / styrene
- unsaturated carboxylic acids such as, for example, alkyl (meth) acrylates, the alkyl possibly having up to 24 carbon atoms, vinyl esters of saturated carboxylic acids such as, for example, vinyl acetate or propionate, and dienes such as, for example, 1,4-hexadiene or polybutadiene.
- said at least one polyolefin block comprises polyisobutylene and / or polybutadiene.
- the block copolymer according to the invention comprises at least one flexible polyolefin block (PO block) and at least one hydrophilic hard block (hereinafter abbreviated BDh) comprising both polyamide and polyether, such as a polyetheramide block, a polyetheresteramide block, and / or a polyetheramideimide block, etc.
- Said PO block preferably comprises a polyolefin comprising terminal acid groups, alcohols or amines.
- the PO block is obtained by thermal degradation of high molecular weight polyolefins to form polyolefins of lower mass and functionalized (reference method: Japanese Kokai Publication Hei-03- 62804).
- the BDh block can also comprise at least one polymer chosen from: cationic polymers of quaternary amine type and / or phosphorus derivatives; and / or anionic polymers, of modified diacid type, comprising a sulfonate group and capable of reacting with a polyol.
- the addition of organic salt is then possible in the preparation of the BDh block or during the reaction between the PO block and the BDh block.
- Document US Pat. No. 6,552,131 describes the synthesis and the various possible structures for the PO block copolymer and BDh block copolymer, these being of course conceivable in the process according to the invention.
- polycarbonate block within the meaning of the invention, is meant more particularly any aliphatic polycarbonate.
- Aliphatic polycarbonates are described, for example, in documents DE2546534 and JP1009225. Such homopolymeric or copolymeric polycarbonates are also described in the specification US471203.
- Applications WO92 / 22600 and WO95 / 12629 describe copolymers comprising polycarbonate blocks as well as their synthesis processes. The blocks (and their synthesis) described in these documents are perfectly possible for the synthesis of a PC block copolymer according to the invention.
- the polycarbonate blocks of the copolymers according to the invention have the formula:
- R1 and R2 which may be identical or different, represent a straight or branched, aliphatic or alicyclic chain having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms, or else represent a polyoxyalkylene group or else represent a polyester group.
- R1 and R2 are chosen from hexylene, decylene, dodecylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 2,2-dimethyll, 3-propylene, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-hexylene or polyoxyethylene groups are preferred.
- the block copolymers described above generally comprise at least one rigid polyamide block and at least one flexible block
- the present invention in fact covers all the copolymers comprising two, three, four (or even more) different blocks chosen. among those described in the present description, as soon as it contains at least one flexible block comprising PCL, and at least one rigid block.
- the flexible blocks (BS) comprise, in addition to the PCL, at least one of the following polymers in a minority proportion by weight (less than 50% by weight) on the total weight of the block flexible: polyether; polyester; polysiloxane, such as polydimethylsiloxane; polyolefin; polycarbonate; and their mixtures.
- the flexible blocks comprise polyether.
- These proportions in the flexible block mean that the copolymers according to the invention are resistant to sebum and also exhibit very good mechanical properties in traction (Young's modulus and strain at break) which are preserved even after prolonged and / or repeated contact. with sebum.
- the copolymer according to the invention comprises a segmented block copolymer comprising three different types of blocks (called “triblock” in the present description of the invention), which results from the condensation of at least one PCL block, of at least one (other) flexible block and at least one rigid block as defined above.
- trim segmented block copolymer comprising three different types of blocks
- both the rigid blocks and the soft blocks can be made from renewable materials and / or materials of fossil origin.
- said rigid blocks and / or the soft blocks are obtained at least partially from renewable materials.
- the polyamide blocks and / or the polyether blocks and / or the polyester blocks and / or the polysiloxane blocks and / or the polyolefin blocks and / or the polycarbonate blocks come entirely from renewable materials. .
- a material of renewable origin also called biomaterial
- biomaterial is an organic material in which the carbon comes from CO2 recently fixed (on a human scale) by photosynthesis from the atmosphere. On land, this CO2 is captured or fixed by plants. At sea, CO2 is captured or fixed by bacteria or plankton carrying out photosynthesis.
- a biomaterial (100% carbon of natural origin) has a 14 C / 12 C isotopic ratio greater than 10 12 , typically of the order of 1.2 x 10 12 , while a fossil material has a zero ratio. Indeed, the isotope 14 C is formed in the atmosphere and is then integrated by photosynthesis, according to a time scale of a few decades at most. The half-life of 14 C is 5730 years. So the materials resulting from photosynthesis, namely plants in general, necessarily have a maximum content of the isotope 14 C.
- the biomaterial content or biocarbon content is determined in application of the standards ASTM D 6866 (ASTM D 6866-06) and ASTM D 7026 (ASTM D 7026-04).
- ASTM D 6866 standard is "Determining the Biobased Content of Natural Range Materials Using Radiocarbon and Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry Analysis”
- ASTM D 7026 standard is “Sampling and Reporting of Results for Determination of Biobased Content of Materials via Carbon Isotope Analysis ".
- the second standard refers in its first paragraph to the first.
- the first standard describes a test for measuring the 14 C / 12 C ratio of a sample and compares it with the 14 C / 12 C ratio of a reference sample of 100% renewable origin, to give a relative percentage of C of renewable origin in the sample.
- the standard is based on the same concepts as the 14 C dating, but without applying dating equations. The ratio thus calculated is referred to as the "pMC" (Modem Carbon percent). If the material to be analyzed is a mixture of biomaterial and fossil material (without radioactive isotope), then the pMC value obtained is directly correlated with the quantity of biomaterial present in the sample.
- the reference value used for the 14 C dating is a value dating from the 1950s.
- ASTM D 6866 provides three techniques for measuring 14 C isotope content:
- LSC Liquid Scintillation Counting liquid scintillation spectrometry. This technique consists in counting "Beta” particles resulting from the decay of 14 C. The beta radiation resulting from a sample of known mass (number of known C atoms) is measured for a certain time. This "radioactivity" is proportional to the number of 14 C atoms, which can thus be determined. The 14 C present in the sample emits
- the analysis relates either to the CO2 previously produced by the carbon sample. in a suitable absorbent solution, or on benzene after prior conversion of the carbonaceous sample into benzene.
- ASTM D 6866 therefore gives two methods A and C, based on this LSC method.
- AMS / IRMS Accelerated Mass Spectrometry coupled with Isotope Radio Mass Spectrometry. This technique is based on mass spectrometry. The sample is reduced to graphite or CO2 gas, analyzed in a mass spectrometer. This technique uses an accelerator and a mass spectrometer to separate the 14 C ions from the 12 C ions and thus determine the ratio of the two isotopes.
- the copolymers according to the invention originate at least in part from biomaterial and therefore have a biomaterial content of at least 1%, which corresponds to a 14 C content of at least 1.2 x 10 14 .
- a subject of the present invention is also a method for synthesizing a block copolymer according to the invention comprising the polycondensation of at least one rigid block, in particular polyamide, with at least one flexible block composed mainly of PCL, that is to say. say more than 50% by weight of PCL on the total weight of soft block (s).
- thermoplastic elastomer within the meaning of the invention is a block copolymer comprising a sequence of blocks, alternately hard (BD) and soft (BM), according to the following general formula:
- BD or Hard Block represents a block comprising polyamide (homopolyamide or copolyamide) or polyurethane, or polyester, or a mixture of these blocks, preferably polyamide, hereinafter independently abbreviated as BD block;
- BM or Soft Block represents a block based on polycaprolactone (PCL), and other polymer (s) chosen from: polyether (PE block), polyester (PES block),
- BM is a block based on polyether comprising ethylene oxide units, in whole or in part.
- n represents the number of repeat units of the -BD-BM- unit of said copolymer n is in the range from 1 to 60, preferably from 5 to 30, or better still from 6 to 20.
- the method for synthesizing a block copolymer according to the invention uses any means making it possible to attach said hard blocks BD with said soft blocks BM, in particular PCL.
- Several means can be considered: in solution, in bulk or via an inter-facial technique, or even by combining several of these methods, as described in chapter 9 of the Handbook of Condensation Thermoplastic Elastomers (Edited by Stoyko Fakirox, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005).
- TPEs based on hard blocks and soft blocks according to the invention result from the
- BD hard blocks
- BM soft blocks
- PEBA-PCL, PA, PE and PCL block copolymers which are PEBAs with improved resistance to sebum according to the invention, result from the polycondensation of blocks.
- the term “catalyst” is understood to mean any product making it possible to facilitate the binding of the polyamide blocks and of the soft blocks, in particular by esterification.
- the esterification catalyst is advantageously a derivative of a metal selected from the group formed by titanium, zirconium and hafnium or a strong acid such as phosphoric acid or boric acid.
- the catalysts described in US Patents 4,331,786, US 4,115,475, US 4,195,015, US 4,839,441, US 4,864,014, US 4,230,838 and US 4,332,920, WO 04 037898, EP 1262527 can be used. , EP
- the method of the invention comprises two main steps.
- a first step (I) at least one hard block BD (for example PA) is prepared, and in a second step (II), said at least one hard block BD (for example PA) is made to react with at least one BM block, preferably in the presence of a catalyst and under reduced pressure.
- step (I) can comprise any means known to those skilled in the art for manufacturing polyamide blocks, for example by polycondensation reaction between polyamide precursors and a dicarboxylic acid or a diamine as chain regulator.
- step I is divided into several sub-steps:
- a reactor eg an autoclave
- a mixture comprising at least one PA precursor and at least one chain regulator, such as a diacid.
- Said chain regulator is preferably selected from adipic acid, sebacic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and mixtures thereof;
- Water can optionally be added to the mixture to improve thermal conduction and / or to achieve sufficient pressure, in particular to open the cycles, of lactam 12 for example.
- (1-3) hot isothermal phase during which the temperature of the mixture is kept constant, in the range from 180 to 350 ° C, preferably from 200 to 300 ° C, preferably from 230 to 290 ° C, for a sufficient time to bring all the materials introduced in 1-1 in a fluid state, that is to say of sufficiently low viscosity to have a homogeneous mixture;
- the time of the hot isothermal phase is generally comprised in the range going from 15 minutes to 5 hours, preferably from 30 minutes to 4 hours, preferably from 30 minutes to 3 hours.
- the pressure in the reactor is established for example between
- the pressure does not exceed 30 bar, but this maximum pressure depends in fact on the reactor and on the way in which it has been constructed.
- phase of water elimination by expansion (decrease in pressure) of said mixture during which the mixture returns to atmospheric pressure and / or by distillation.
- This is water which may be added during phase I-1, 1-2, and / or 1-3 or water formed during these phases; then
- the sweep time can be in the range from a few minutes to a few hours, preferably 5 minutes to 5 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 3 hours, preferably 1 hour to 2 hours.
- Step I can further comprise one or more of the following sub-steps:
- (1-6) optional step of maintaining under reduced pressure, for example less than 500 mbar, preferably less than 100 mbar, to increase the yield of the polymerization if necessary.
- All the raw materials necessary for the constitution of the BD block can be loaded into the reactor initially in the order that a person skilled in the art considers appropriate, as is the case for example during step 1-1 of the method described above by way of example, but it is of course possible to envisage the introduction of one or more raw material (s) during any sub-step 1-1 to 1- 7.
- the temperature for this main stage I is in the range going from 180 to 350 ° C, preferably from 200 to 300 ° C, or better still from 230 to 290 ° C.
- Said at least one BD hard block (for example PA block) can be extradited for later use, kept in the reactor or transferred to another reactor, to perform the step
- Step (II) comprises the following sub-step (s): (II- 1) bringing together, in a reactor, at least part of the quantity of at least one soft block BM with the blocks BD formed in step I, and adjusting the temperature of the mixture obtained if necessary, so that its temperature is within the range of 180 to 350 ° C, preferably 200 to 300 ° C, preferably 200 to 260 ° C;
- (II-2) optional step of flushing nitrogen (or another inert gas) and / or under slightly reduced pressure, for example less than 500 mbar, preferably less than 100 mbar, so as to eliminate the 'water which forms in the reactor during
- (II-3) optional step of introducing the remaining part of said at least one BM block, if applicable.
- the temperature and duration of each step can be easily adjusted by one skilled in the art to optimize polycondensation reactivity while minimizing side reactions.
- the temperature for this main stage II is also included in the range going from 180 to 350 ° C, preferably from 200 to 300 ° C, or better from 200 to 260 ° C.
- the method according to the invention comprises a single main step characterized by the fact that said at least one soft block is introduced directly during main step I, in the same way as the raw materials necessary for the constitution of the hard block (for example of the PA block), that is to say during any intermediate step 1-1 to 1-7.
- the main steps I and II are in fact performed simultaneously, thereby saving time, while in the two-main step embodiment, steps I and II are performed
- the process according to the invention is preferably that in two stages according to the first embodiment, since the single stage process risks giving rise to numerous side reactions, for example transesterification and / or transesteramidification.
- the process of the invention comprises a final step III of finalization and recovery of a block copolymer.
- This step III comprises at least two sub-steps:
- (III- 1) adjustment of the viscosity of the copolymer obtained the reactor is placed under reduced pressure, under a high vacuum, until the desired viscosity is reached, that is to say the desired molar mass for the copolymer.
- desired molar mass is meant a range of molar mass in number ranging from 10,000 to 100,000 g / mol, preferably ranging from 15,000 to 50,000 g / mol, preferably ranging from 20,000 g / mol to 40,000 g / mol.
- the pressure at during this sub-step is preferably less than 100 mbar, preferably less than 50 mbar, preferably less than 10 mbar, more preferably less than 1 mbar.
- the increase in the molar mass of the copolymer, and therefore in the viscosity of the medium is for example determined by measuring the change in the value of the torque exerted by the molten polymer on the stirrer or by measuring the power power consumed by the agitator, for a given agitation speed.
- (III-3) optional step of steaming the granules to reduce the residual moisture content below 0.1% by weight.
- the stirring speed of each step is optimized depending on the rheology of the medium and the nature of the stirrer.
- the placing under reduced pressure can be done gradually or in successive stages.
- the maximum vacuum pressure level depends on the nature of the species present, their hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature and their reactivity.
- a catalyst can be added in one of steps I and / or II, preferably in one of substeps II, for a hydrolysis-sensitive catalyst.
- a subject of the present invention is also a polymer composition resistant to sebum, characterized in that it comprises at least one block copolymer according to the invention as defined above, diluted in a thermoplastic polymer matrix.
- said polymer matrix comprises at least one thermoplastic, homopolymer or copolymer polymer, chosen from: polyolefins, polyamides, fluoropolymers, saturated polyesters, polycarbonate, styrenic resins, PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA), copolymers with polyamide blocks and polyether blocks, copolymers with polyester blocks and polyether blocks, copolymers with polyamide blocks, with polyether blocks and with polyester blocks, copolymers of ethylene and an alkyl (meth) acrylate, copolymers of ethylene and vinyl alcohol (EVOH), ABS, SAN, ASA, polyacetal, polyketones and mixtures thereof.
- said composition comprises from 1 to 99%, preferably from 1 to 40%, by weight of said copolymer, and from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 60 to 99% by weight, of said polymer matrix, on the total weight of the composition representing 100%.
- the copolymer according to the invention can be additivated with stabilizers, plasticizers, lubricants, natural or organic fillers, dyes, pigments, nacres, antimicrobial agents, flame retardants, antistatic agents, agents modifying the viscosity of the copolymer, and / or any other additive or adjuvant already mentioned and well known to those skilled in the art in the field of thermoplastic polymers.
- a subject of the present invention is also an article obtained by injection, overmolding, extrusion, coextrusion, hot compression, multi-injection, from at least one copolymer according to the invention or from a composition according to the invention.
- a subject of the present invention is also an article obtained by 3D printing from a copolymer powder according to the invention or from a composition powder according to the invention.
- the object obtained from the composition according to the invention advantageously has a tensile modulus of elasticity of less than 500 MPa, preferably in the range from 10 to 200 MPa, preferably from 20 to 100 MPa, measured according to the ISO 527-2: 2012-1A standard.
- the present invention relates to any article liable to be in contact with the skin, or in repeated contact with the latter.
- the present invention relates in particular to an article or part of an article:
- shoes in particular sports shoes, shoe soles, in particular sports shoes, such as an insole, midsole, or outer sole, a ski liner,
- - sports such as a racket, a ball, a ball, a float;
- - optics components of spectacle frames, nose pads or pads, protective elements on the frames;
- padding in particular part intended to absorb shocks and / or vibrations, such as those generated by a means of transport, carpets, sports mats, sports flooring, underlayments, membrane, handle, especially door;
- patch drug delivery device, sensor, splint, orthosis, cervical collar, bandage, including an antimicrobial foam bandage;
- headset earpiece, jewelry or Bluetooth® watch
- display screen connected watch, connected glasses, component or interactive game device, GPS, connected shoe, bioactivity monitor or sensor, belt or bracelet interactive, tracker, scanner or handheld computer, location sensors, visual assistance device, piece of audio, sound and / or thermal insulation equipment.
- the copolymer according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the fields of electrical and consumer electronics (hereinafter “E&E”), such as connected bracelets, shells or external envelopes of computer, audio or computer equipment. mobile telephony.
- E&E electrical and consumer electronics
- a subject of the present invention is therefore also an electrical or electronic article comprising a casing or protective casing made from the copolymer according to the invention as described above or from a composition according to the invention, said article preferably being a laptop, cell phone or tablet.
- the chain stopper used was adipic acid.
- the sebum used is a synthetic sebum supplied by the company Interchim.
- the samples in the case of Table 1 below are 100x100x2mm plates.
- the 100x100x2 mm plates are cut in 4, placed on a tray and covered with liquefied sebum at 60 ° C.
- dumbbells injected into m-DSM the same quantity of synthetic sebum liquefied at 60 ° C. (approximately 0.13 g) is deposited on the useful zone of the test pieces.
- the resistance to sebum is measured after conditioning in an oven at 23 ° C. and 50% RH for 7 days.
- the samples thus exposed are weighed after cleaning and the "mass uptake” or weight gain (%) of the sample during the test is calculated. Any visual changes are also logged.
- dumbbells not exposed to sebum were conditioned in an oven at 23 ° C. and 50% RH for 7 days. These controls made it possible to assess the negligible impact of the moisture uptake of the copolymers on their weight gain (%).
- Table 1 below represents the different weight gains after 5 and 7 days of exposure.
- PA12-based block copolymers of Table 1 the largest mass recoveries, 14-17%, are achieved by the block-based PEBAs.
- flexible polyether PTMG It is noted that the more the PEBA is rich in polyether (in proportion to the polyamide), the more it absorbs sebum (weight gain of Cpl greater than that of Cp2).
- a total substitution of the flexible block by polycaprolactone (Exl) significantly decreases the absorption of sebum (weight gain of 4.7% after 7 days of exposure).
- a partial substitution on the basis of a PCL-PTMG-PCL triblock (of respective molar masses 500-1000-500) in Ex2 also improves the sebum resistance of the PEBAs (weight gain of 12.3% after 7 days of exposure).
- Table 2 results of weight gain of the samples (dumbbells) after exposure to sebum 0 Concerning the block copolymers based on PA11 in Table 2 above, the recovery in
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202080049862.7A CN114072453B (zh) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-27 | 具有改进的耐皮脂性的嵌段共聚物 |
| EP20743186.7A EP3976693A1 (fr) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-27 | Copolymère à blocs à résistance améliorée au sébum |
| JP2021570404A JP2022534575A (ja) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-27 | 皮脂耐性が改善されたブロック共重合体 |
| US17/614,835 US12454594B2 (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-27 | Block copolymer with improved resistance to sebum |
| KR1020217041992A KR20220016123A (ko) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-27 | 개선된 피지 내성을 갖는 블록 공중합체 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| FR1905746A FR3096684B1 (fr) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Copolymère à blocs à résistance améliorée au sébum |
| FRFR1905746 | 2019-05-29 |
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| WO2020240132A1 true WO2020240132A1 (fr) | 2020-12-03 |
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| PCT/FR2020/050888 Ceased WO2020240132A1 (fr) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-27 | Copolymère à blocs à résistance améliorée au sébum |
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| US (1) | US12454594B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3976693A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2022534575A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20220016123A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN114072453B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3096684B1 (fr) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114072453B (zh) | 2024-04-09 |
| FR3096684B1 (fr) | 2022-03-04 |
| JP2022534575A (ja) | 2022-08-02 |
| CN114072453A (zh) | 2022-02-18 |
| US20220242994A1 (en) | 2022-08-04 |
| US12454594B2 (en) | 2025-10-28 |
| EP3976693A1 (fr) | 2022-04-06 |
| KR20220016123A (ko) | 2022-02-08 |
| FR3096684A1 (fr) | 2020-12-04 |
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