WO2020130885A1 - System and method for monitoring and controlling electrical devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, more specifically to methods and systems for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, including a power line of electrical devices connected to a controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, and connected to at least one switching module for connecting an electrical device. According to the invention, the switching module for connecting an electrical device has a processor which is arranged in a body and is connected via a data transmission unit to a data transmission line, the processor also being connected to a power unit of the switching module and to a galvanic isolation unit, which is connected to a power channel for connecting an electrical device. The system is implemented by the claimed method. The technical result achieved is the capability of monitoring and controlling electrical devices when they are connected to one another by a single cable.

Description

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MONITORING AND

MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRICAL DEVICES.

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, and more particularly to methods and systems for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, including a power line for electrical devices connected to a controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices and connected to at least one switching module for connecting an electrical device .

The prior art system.

According to a first of its aspects, the present invention relates to a system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, which includes a power line of electrical devices connected to a controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices and connected to at least one switching module for connecting an electrical device .

Such a system is described in the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model N ° 152467, published May 27, 2015.

This system is the closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result and is selected as a prototype of the invention as a device.

The disadvantage of this prototype is the inability to easily switch devices on a single cable, which leads to the inability to monitor and control electrical devices when connecting devices on a single cable. In addition, such a system has other disadvantages:

• the impossibility of simple design of any systems.

• the impossibility of simply scaling the system, • the impossibility of reconstructing existing systems, while improving the quality of monitoring and control, and at the same time reducing the number of patch wires.

Disclosure of the invention as a system.

The present invention mainly aims to propose a system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, which allows at least to smooth out at least one of the above disadvantages, namely: to enable monitoring and control of electrical devices when connecting them together cable, which is the task at hand.

To achieve this, the switching module for connecting an electrical device has a processor located in the case, connected via a data transmission unit to a data line, the processor is also connected to a power supply unit for the switching module and a galvanic isolation unit, which is connected to a power channel connecting an electric device.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it becomes possible to connect electrical devices, such as power plants, sensors and other things, to the monitoring and control controller through a switching module for connecting an electrical device, which allows you to continue to build up the system by connecting new electrical devices through one cable.

In addition, this makes it possible to easily design any systems, it is not necessary to solve the problem of complex electrical communication each time, which is important when the system includes a large number of different electrical devices, for example, the Smart Home system or any complex treatment system.

In addition, this makes it possible to easily scale an existing system; if necessary, you can add new electrical devices at any time without any alteration to the system. For example, into the existing Smart Home system, which controls electrical devices inside the house and reads information from sensors located inside the house, simply add any sensors or electrical devices located outside the house, for example, the Smart Garden subsystem with automatic lighting and watering.

In addition, which is also important, this makes it possible to reconstruct existing systems, while improving the quality of monitoring and control, and at the same time reducing the number of patch wires. That is, existing sensors and various electrical devices can be reconnected through a single cable, simply by connecting the proposed switching module for connecting an electrical device everywhere.

There is an embodiment of the invention in which the system includes a converter configured to add the signal of the data transmission line and the power supply to a total signal in the power line connected to a monitoring and control device for electrical devices, and an inverse converter configured to extract the information signal from the total signal in the power supply line connected to each switching module for connecting an electrical device.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it becomes possible to achieve all of the above by connecting not only with one cable, but also with one line, combining both the power supply and the transmission of information signals. This further simplifies the design, installation and reconstruction of various systems for monitoring and controlling electrical devices.

There is also such an embodiment of the invention in which the housing of the switching module is waterproof.

Due to this advantageous characteristic, it becomes possible to use the switching module in liquid media, for example, in tanks with pumping equipment or in natural conditions, under the open sky, in water bodies.

There is also a variant of the invention, in which the power line of electrical devices has several phases, and the switching module is configured to protect each phase with a separate fuse.

Thanks to this advantageous characteristic, it becomes possible to automatically shut off electrical equipment in the event of a short circuit or exceeding the monitored parameters.

In addition, there is such an embodiment of the invention in which the switching module includes at least one temperature sensor of the device.

105 Due to this advantageous characteristic, it becomes possible to control the temperature of the device and automatically generate control signals when the set temperature parameters are exceeded.

There is another embodiment of the invention in which the switching module includes at least one current sensor for each phase.

Thanks to this advantageous characteristic, it becomes possible to control the current strength in each phase and automatically generate control signals when the specified parameters of the current strength in each phase are exceeded.

115 There is also a variant of the invention in which the power supply line of electrical devices has several phases, and the switching module is configured to control each phase separately or synchronously.

Thanks to this advantageous feature, it is possible 120 to control each phase separately or synchronously.

There is, finally, an embodiment of the invention in which the switching module processor is configured to disconnect connected electrical devices when exceeding predetermined load values for each of the 125 electrical devices.

Thanks to this advantageous characteristic, it becomes possible to control the preset values for the load and automatically generate control signals when the specified values are exceeded parameters of preset load values for each of the electrical devices.

Thus, in this invention the task is the ability to monitor and control electrical devices when connecting them together with one cable. The problem is solved using the above characteristics.

The prior art method.

On its other side, the present invention relates to a method for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, in which a power line of electrical devices is connected to a monitoring and control controller for electrical devices.

Such a method is described in the description of the operation of the system according to the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model N ° 152467, published May 27, 2015.

This method is the closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result and is selected for the prototype of the invention.

The disadvantage of this prototype is the impossibility of simple switching devices on a single cable, which makes it impossible to monitor and control electrical devices when connecting devices on a single cable. In addition, this method has other disadvantages:

• the impossibility of simple design of any systems.

• the impossibility of simply scaling the system,

• the impossibility of reconstructing existing systems, while improving the quality of monitoring and control, and at the same time reducing the number of patch wires

Disclosure of the invention as a method.

Based on this original observation, the present invention mainly aims to propose a method for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, in which a power line of electrical devices is connected to a controller monitoring and control of electrical devices, which allows, at least, to smooth out at least one of the above disadvantages, namely: to provide the ability to monitor and control electrical devices when connecting them with one cable, which is the task at hand.

To achieve this goal, the method includes the following steps:

• connect the power supply line of electrical devices to at least one switching module for connecting an electrical device having a processor located in the housing,

• connect the processor through the data transfer unit to the data line,

• they also connect the processor to the power supply unit of the switching module and the galvanic isolation unit, which

• connect to the power channel connecting an electrical device,

• to control electrical devices, control signals are transmitted via the monitoring and control device for electrical devices to the switching module for connecting the electrical device, and then to the electrical device itself,

• to monitor the state of the electrical device, transmit signals from the processor of the switching module connecting the electrical device.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it becomes possible to connect electrical devices, such as power plants, sensors and other things, to the monitoring and control controller through a switching module for connecting an electrical device, which allows you to continue to build up the system by connecting new electrical devices through one cable.

In addition, this makes it possible to easily design any systems, it is not necessary to solve the problem of complex electrical communication each time, which is important when the system includes a large number of different electrical devices, for example, the Smart Home system or any complex treatment system. In addition, this makes it possible to easily scale an existing system; if necessary, you can add new electrical devices at any time without any alteration to the system. For example, in the existing Smart Home system, which controls electrical devices inside the house and reads information from sensors located inside the house, simply add any sensors or electrical devices located outside the house, for example, the Smart Garden subsystem with automatic lighting and watering.

There is an embodiment of the invention, in which the method includes the following steps, in which, through a converter connected to a monitoring and control device for electrical devices, the signal is transmitted from the data line and power supply to a total signal in the power supply line, and when it is supplied to each switching connection module An electrical device is isolated through an inverter connected to the specified switching module, an information signal from the total signal in the power line.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it becomes possible to achieve all of the above by connecting not only with one cable, but also with one line, combining both the power supply and the transmission of information signals. This further simplifies the design, installation and reconstruction of various systems for monitoring and controlling electrical devices.

There is another embodiment of the invention in which the connected electrical devices are automatically switched off when the predefined load values for each of the electrical devices are exceeded using the processor of the switching module.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it becomes possible to automatically disconnect connected electrical devices when exceeding predefined load values for each of the electrical devices using a switching module processor. A brief description of the drawings.

Other distinguishing features and advantages of the invention clearly follow from the description below for illustration and not being restrictive, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

- figure 1 schematically depicts a device system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices according to the invention,

- figure 2 schematically depicts the device switching module of the system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices according to the invention,

- figure 3 schematically depicts the steps of a method for monitoring and controlling electrical devices according to the invention

- figure 4 depicts the interface of the controller control program when implementing a method for monitoring and controlling electrical devices according to the invention.

According to figure 1, a system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices 1 includes a power supply line for electrical devices 1 connected to a controller 2 for monitoring and controlling electrical devices 1 and connected to at least one switching module 3 for connecting an electric device 1. Switching module 3, the electrical device is connected to a processor 31 located in the housing 30 and connected via a data transmission unit 32 to a data transmission line. The processor 31 is also connected to the power supply unit 33 of the switching module and the galvanic isolation unit 34, which is connected to the power channel connecting the electrical device. The figures show three channels at once for a three-phase network variant, designated as 351, 352, 353.

The system optionally includes a converter 41, configured to add the signal of the data line (for example, made according to the RS485 standard) and the power supply into a total signal in the power line connected to the controller 2 for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, and the reverse a converter 42, configured to extract the information signal from the total signal in the power line, connected to each switching module 3 connecting an electrical device.

The figure 1 shows the operator panel 5, which is connected by a data line. In this case, the data transmission lines are indicated by a dashed line, and the power supply lines are indicated by a thick line. The letter N stands for "Earth", and L is the phase. That is, it can be seen that the system can be controlled remotely, for example, using a computer acting as an operator panel 5, which can be connected to the controller 2 via a wireless network.

The housing 31 of the switching module may optionally be waterproof.

The power supply line of electrical devices can have several phases, and the switching module 3 can be configured to protect each phase with a separate fuse. Shown as 361, 362, 363.

The switching module may include at least one temperature sensor of the device. Marked as 37.

The switching module includes at least one current sensor 38 for each phase.

The power supply line of electrical devices has several phases, and the switching module is configured to control each phase separately or synchronously.

The processor of the switching module is configured to disconnect connected electrical devices when exceeding predefined load values for each of the electrical devices.

The data transfer unit 32 is a receiver and transmitter of a physical RS485 data transfer protocol.

The power supply 33 can be made in the form of a power supply for 220 V and a power of 3 watts, provides the switching module 3 with a constant voltage of 5 V and a current of 500 mA. Power supply transformer can play the role of a voltage sensor with galvanic isolation from a 220 volt network.

The processor 31 with a built-in ADC removes analog data from current, voltage and temperature sensors, provides the logic of the MODBAS slave protocol, and provides a protective function from overheating and overcurrent.

Hall effect current sensors 38 provide accurate current load monitoring with minimal loss. The role of each current sensor on each channel can be ACS712.

The galvanic isolation unit 34 can be made opto-isolated on the basis of MOS3083, which provides galvanic isolation of power circuits with low-voltage ones, and also commutes the load when crossing zero.

Figure 2 also shows a connector for connecting the next switching device as 39.

The implementation of the invention.

A system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices operates as follows.

Stage A1. Pre-connect the power supply line of electrical devices with a controller for monitoring and control of electrical devices.

Stage A2. A power line of electrical devices is connected to at least one switching module for connecting an electrical device having a processor located in the housing.

Stage AZ. A processor is connected through a data transmission unit to a data transmission line.

Stage A4. Add through the Converter connected to the controller for monitoring and control of electrical devices, the signal of the data line and power supply to the total signal in the power line.

Stage A5. When applying it to each switching module, the electrical device is isolated through the reverse a converter connected to the specified switching module, an information signal from the total signal in the power line.

Stage A6. The processor is also connected to the power supply unit of the ЗЗО switching module and the galvanic isolation unit.

Stage A7. Connect to the power channel connecting an electrical device.

Stage A8. To control electrical devices, control signals are transmitted via a controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices 335 to the switching module for connecting the electrical device, and then to the electrical device itself.

Stage A9. To monitor the status of the electrical device, transmit signals from the processor of the switching module connecting the electrical device.

340 Step A10. Automatically disconnect connected electrical devices when exceeding predefined load values for each of the electrical devices using a switching module processor.

345 Industrial Applicability.

The proposed system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices can be implemented by a specialist in practice and, when implemented, ensures the implementation of the declared purpose, which allows us to conclude that the criterion 350 is “industrial applicability” for the invention.

In accordance with the proposed invention made a prototype system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices.

Monitoring and control of electrical devices was carried out through a 355 controller, which was output to a computer, on the screen of which control and control are displayed in the form of MODBUS register data, see FIG. 4.

The purpose of the MODBUS registers was as follows:

0 - Channel 351, values 0-3 0. Turn off channel 351

1. Enable channel 351

2. Turn off all channels (351, 352.353)

3. Enable all channels (351, 352.353)

1 - Channel 352, value 0.1 -65535

0. Turn off channel 352

1. Enable the channel; any value greater than 1 enables the channel.

2 - Channel 353, value 0.1 -65535

0. Turn off channel 353

1. Enable the channel; any value greater than 1 enables the channel.

3 - Current consumption by channel 351, error up to 10 Ohm

4 - Current consumption by channel 352, error up to 10 Ohm

5 - Current consumption by channel 353, error up to 10 Ohm

6 - Device temperature, protection disconnects channels at a device temperature of 80 ° С. The readings are corrected by entering the correct value in the register.

7 - Current consumption limit for channel 351, 0-20000mA

8 - Current consumption limit for channel 352, 0-20000mA

9 - Current consumption limit on channel 353, 0-20000mA

10 - Address in the MODBAS network

11 - Baudrate

0. 9600

1.14400

2.19200

3. 38400

4. 57600

5.115,200

12 - Stop bit

0.1 bit

1.2 bit

13 - Supply voltage between Phase 1 and zero 170-270V error of 3%. The readings are corrected by entering the correct value in the register. 14 - Total power consumption

15 - Error

0. - The device is operating as usual

1. - The current threshold of 20,000 mA has been exceeded for 40ms

2. - The current limit has been exceeded

3. - Too frequent requests on the MODBAS network

4. - The temperature went beyond the OS - 80 ° C

Tests of the prototype system showed that it provides the ability to:

- quick design,

- simple connection of all nodes,

- connecting both sensors for data collection and power units for control,

- connection of all nodes with one cable.

Thus, due to the fact that in the system the switching module for connecting an electrical device has a processor located in the case, connected through a data transfer unit to a data line, the processor is also connected to a power supply unit for the switching module and a galvanic isolation unit, which is connected to the power connection channel electrical device, and in the way

• connect the power supply line of electrical devices to at least one switching module for connecting an electrical device having a processor located in the housing,

• connect the processor through the data transfer unit to the data line,

• they also connect the processor to the power supply unit of the switching module and the galvanic isolation unit, which

• connect to the power channel connecting an electrical device,

• to control electrical devices, control signals are transmitted via the monitoring and control device for electrical devices to the switching module for connecting the electrical device, and then to the electrical device itself, • to monitor the state of the electrical device, transmit signals from the processor of the switching module connecting the electrical device

and the claimed technical result is achieved, namely: the ability to monitor and control electrical devices when connecting them with one cable.

An additional useful technical result of the claimed invention is that it provides:

• the ability to easily design any systems.

· The ability to easily scale the system.

• the possibility of reconstructing existing systems, improving the quality of monitoring and control, reducing the number of patch wires.

• cheaper and faster installation,

· Cheaper and faster installation work,

• cheaper and faster commissioning of systems with electrical devices.

Claims

CLAIM 1. System for monitoring and control of electrical devices, includes • power line of electrical devices, • connected to a controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, and • connected to at least one switching module for connecting an electrical device, characterized in that • the switching module for connecting an electrical device has a processor located in the case, connected through a data transfer unit to a data line, the processor is also connected to a power supply unit for the switching module and a galvanic isolation unit, which is connected to the power channel for connecting the electric device. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system includes a converter configured to add the signal of the data transmission line and the power supply to the total signal in the power line connected to the controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, and the inverse converter made with the ability to extract the information signal from the total signal in the power line, connected to each switching module connecting an electrical device. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the switching module is made waterproof. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply line of electrical devices has several phases, and the switching module is configured to protect each phase with a separate fuse. 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching module includes at least one temperature sensor of the device. 6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching module includes at least one current sensor for each phase. 7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply line of electrical devices has several phases, and the switching module is configured to control each phase separately or synchronously. 8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor of the switching module is configured to disconnect connected electrical devices when exceeding predefined load values for each of the electrical devices. 9. A method for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, in which a power line of electrical devices is connected to a monitoring and control controller for electrical devices, characterized in that it includes the following steps: • connect the power supply line of electrical devices to at least one switching module for connecting an electrical device having a processor located in the housing, • connect the processor through the data transfer unit to the data line, • they also connect the processor to the power supply unit of the switching module and the galvanic isolation unit, which • connect to the power channel connecting an electrical device, • to control electrical devices, control signals are transmitted via the monitoring and control device for electrical devices to the switching module for connecting the electrical device, and then to the electrical device itself, • to monitor the state of the electrical device, transmit signals from the processor of the switching module connecting the electrical device. 10. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that the method includes the following steps in which, through a converter connected to a controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, add the signal of the data line and the power supply to the total signal in the power line, and when it is supplied for each switching module connecting an electrical device is isolated through the reverse a converter connected to the specified switching module, an information signal from the total signal in the power line. 11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the connected electrical devices are automatically turned off when exceeding predefined load values for each of the electrical devices using the processor of the switching module.