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WO2020196934A1 - Capteur d'image et procédé de commande associé - Google Patents

Capteur d'image et procédé de commande associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020196934A1
WO2020196934A1 PCT/KR2019/003372 KR2019003372W WO2020196934A1 WO 2020196934 A1 WO2020196934 A1 WO 2020196934A1 KR 2019003372 W KR2019003372 W KR 2019003372W WO 2020196934 A1 WO2020196934 A1 WO 2020196934A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
binning
image
data
brightness
pixel data
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR2019/003372
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김정기
황정환
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LG Electronics Inc
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LG Electronics Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by LG Electronics Inc filed Critical LG Electronics Inc
Priority to PCT/KR2019/003372 priority Critical patent/WO2020196934A1/fr
Publication of WO2020196934A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020196934A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/40—Extracting pixel data from image sensors by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels sampled or to be sampled
    • H04N25/46—Extracting pixel data from image sensors by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels sampled or to be sampled by combining or binning pixels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an image sensor and a method for controlling the same, and to an image sensor and a method for controlling the same, which improves the brightness of a dark original image by applying binning to a specific area of the entire image and provides a clearer image.
  • An image sensor is a semiconductor that converts photons into electrons and allows them to be displayed on a display or stored in a storage device.
  • a light-receiving element that converts a light-receiving signal into an electrical signal, and processes an image signal by converting the converted electrical signal into digital It is composed of ASIC part, and there are types such as CCD, CMOS, and CIS (Contact Image Sensor).
  • the CCD image sensor moves electrons generated by light to the output unit using the gate pulse as it is, and converts electrons generated by light into voltages within each pixel and then outputs them through several CMOS switches. It is a CMOS image sensor.
  • CMOS image sensor The field of application of these image sensors is very wide ranging from not only household products such as digital cameras and mobile phones, but also to endoscopes used in hospitals and telescopes of satellites orbiting the earth.
  • An embodiment of the present invention is an image sensor for generating image data with improved brightness by dividing pixel data into a plurality of areas and applying binning only to a specific area when a specific area among the divided areas is dark, and a control method thereof Its purpose is to provide.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is to divide the pixel data into a plurality of areas, identify the brightness of the divided areas and classify them by brightness level, and apply different binning based on the brightness level to obtain image data with improved brightness.
  • An object thereof is to provide an image sensor to be generated and a method for controlling the same.
  • an image sensor includes: a pixel unit configured to convert an optical signal of an object into an electrical signal and output pixel data (original image) arranged in a matrix of a plurality of rows and columns; A row selection unit receiving a row address and generating a selection signal for selecting at least two rows from among the plurality of rows; An image synthesizing unit for generating binning data by applying binning to the pixel data (original image data); An analog-to-digital converter configured to convert the pixel data selected by the row selector and the generated binning data into a digital image signal and output the converted pixel data; And dividing the pixel data into nxm regions (where n and m are natural numbers), and applying different binning according to the attribute of the specific region in a specific region including at least a portion of the divided regions, the image combining unit And a controller configured to generate new pixel data by controlling to generate binning data, processing the binning data output to the specific area into a super-resolution
  • a method of controlling an image sensor includes: converting an optical signal of a subject into an electrical signal, and outputting pixel data arranged in a matrix of a plurality of rows and columns; Generating a selection signal for selecting at least two rows from among the plurality of rows by receiving a row address; Generating binning data by applying binning to pixel data (original image data); Converting the pixel data and the generated binning data selected by a row selector into a digital image signal and outputting a digital image signal; And dividing the pixel data into n x m regions (where n and m are natural numbers).
  • binning is applied only to a specific area to generate image data with improved brightness.
  • Time can be shortened, ghosting can be prevented, and since the brightness of an image is improved, user convenience can be improved.
  • image data with improved brightness by dividing pixel data into a plurality of areas, identifying the brightness of the divided areas and classifying them by brightness level, and applying different binning based on the brightness level.
  • image processing time can be shortened and the ghost phenomenon can be prevented, so user convenience can always be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an image sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling an image sensor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating generating binning data by applying binning to pixel data and pixel data in a sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart of searching for a dark area in an entire image and applying binning to the dark area according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating generating an image that improves brightness by searching for a dark area in the entire image and applying binning to the dark area according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a flow chart of dividing each region by brightness level and applying binning based on the brightness level according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example in which each area is divided into brightness levels according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example in which binning and weights are applied to regions divided by brightness levels according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an exposure value is differently applied according to a weight when binning is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an image sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image sensor 100 includes a pixel unit 110, a row selector 120, an image synthesis unit 130, an analog-to-digital conversion unit 140, a control unit 150, and an amplifier unit 160. , And a memory 170.
  • the pixel unit 110 converts an optical signal of a subject into an electrical signal and outputs pixel data (original image) arranged in a matrix of a plurality of rows and columns.
  • the pixel unit 110 is arranged in a Bayer pattern composed of a first line in which red pixels and green pixels are alternately arranged, and a second line in which blue pixels and green pixels are alternately arranged.
  • the row selector 120 receives a row address and generates a selection signal for selecting at least two rows from among the plurality of rows.
  • the image synthesis unit 130 generates binning data by applying binning to pixel data (original image data).
  • the analog-to-digital converter 140 converts the pixel data selected by the row selector 120 and the generated binning data into a digital image signal and outputs the converted image signal.
  • the control unit 150 divides the pixel data into an nxm area (where n and m are natural numbers), and in a specific area including at least a part of the divided areas, differently applies binning according to the properties of the specific area to synthesize an image.
  • the unit 130 controls to generate binning data, and processes the binning data output to a specific area as a super-resolution image to generate new pixel data.
  • the controller 150 generates new pixel data by fusing the output pixel data and the output binning data.
  • the amplifier unit 160 amplifies pixel data.
  • the memory 170 stores pixel data.
  • the memory 170 is a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a solid state disk type, an SDD type, a multimedia card micro type. ), card-type memory (e.g., SD or XD memory), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read (EEPROM) -only memory), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic memory, magnetic disk, and optical disk.
  • card-type memory e.g., SD or XD memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read
  • PROM programmable read-only memory
  • magnetic memory magnetic disk, and optical disk.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling an image sensor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pixel unit 110 converts an optical signal of a subject into an electrical signal and outputs pixel data (original image) arranged in a matrix of a plurality of rows and columns (S210).
  • the pixel data corresponds to the original image data.
  • the row selector 120 receives a row address and generates a selection signal for selecting at least two rows from among a plurality of rows (S220).
  • the image synthesis unit 130 generates binning data by applying binning to the pixel data (S230).
  • the analog-to-digital converter 140 converts the pixel data selected by the row selector 120 and the generated binning data into a digital image signal and outputs it (S240).
  • the controller 150 divides the pixel data into n x m regions (here, n and m are natural numbers) (S250).
  • the control unit 150 controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data by applying different binning according to a property of the specific region in a specific region including at least a portion of the divided regions (S260).
  • the control unit 150 generates new pixel data by processing the binning data output to a specific area as a super-resolution image (S270).
  • processing of the super-resolution image refers to generating new pixel data by fusing pixel data output to a specific area and binning data output to a specific area.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating generating binning data by applying binning to pixel data and pixel data in an image sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 includes Figures 3(a) and 3(b).
  • 3(a) is a diagram illustrating the image sensor 100 and the AP 200.
  • the image sensor 100 outputs a full-size image result.
  • the AP 200 processes image signal processing. That is, the AP 200 processes RAW data from the image sensor 100. After processing, the AP 200 displays the resulting image.
  • the resulting image may be jpeg.
  • the AP 200 may be the control unit 150.
  • 3B is a diagram illustrating generating binning data by applying binning to pixel data and pixel data inside the image sensor 100.
  • the image synthesis unit 130 generates binning data 20 by applying binning to the pixel data 10.
  • the pixel data 10 means original image data.
  • the image sensor 100 outputs a full-size image result.
  • the size of the pixel data is 48 Mb
  • the size of binning data is 12 Mb
  • the size of the full-size output is 12 Mb. That is, when binning (total binning) is applied to pixel data corresponding to the original image data, the file size is reduced to 1/4.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart of searching for a dark area in an entire image and applying binning to the dark area according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an image input is received through an image sensor (S410).
  • the preview screen is displayed (S412).
  • the preview screen can be in YUV or other format.
  • YUV is a video data format and refers to a color format that thrives in TV as a color face.
  • Color face refers to sending a two-dimensional color using the frequency and amplitude of the color subcarriers.
  • YUV is a format in which color and light are separately composed. The YUV method has the advantage of being able to transmit data with a small bandwidth compared to the RGB method.
  • the screen area is divided into N x N (S414).
  • the snapshot screen is displayed (S416).
  • the snapshot screen can be in RAW/BAYER or other formats.
  • the screen area is divided into N x N (S418).
  • the two regions are mapped 1:1 (S420).
  • a dark area is searched (S430).
  • the dark area means an area in which the brightness of the area is darker than the preset first brightness.
  • binning is applied to the area found on the snapshot side (S450). Specifically, when the brightness of a specific area is darker than the preset first brightness, the control unit 150 controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data with improved brightness.
  • the controller 150 controls the image synthesis unit 130 not to generate binning data when the brightness of a specific region is in a saturation state.
  • binning is applied to a bright area, it becomes brighter and the quality of the image is lowered due to the saturation effect. For example, a cloud image was visible before binning was applied, but when binning was applied, the cloud image was not visible.
  • the dark area is searched again (S430).
  • SR processing means Super Resolution processing.
  • the controller 150 generates new pixel data by performing super-resolution image processing in which the resolution information of the pixel data and brightness information of the binning data are combined. Therefore, the resolution of the new pixel data maintains the level of the original image data and the brightness becomes the brightness level of the binning data.
  • control unit 150 may modify the gain.
  • the controller 150 modifies a gain of new pixel data located in a specific area and a gain of pixel data located in a different area than the specific area.
  • the gain can be corrected in the step before encoding, a sharper image can be obtained.
  • the resulting image is displayed (S480).
  • the resulting image can be a jpeg or other file format.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating generating an image that improves brightness by searching for a dark area in the entire image and applying binning to the dark area according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 includes FIGS. 5(a), 5(b), 5(c), and 5(d).
  • Fig. 5(a) is a diagram showing the entire input image. Referring to FIG. 5(a), some areas of the entire image are dark and are difficult to see.
  • Fig. 5(b) is a diagram showing that the entire image is divided and a dark area is specified.
  • the specific area refers to a specific area of the entire image to which binning is to be applied.
  • the specific areas 52, 54, and 56 mean areas whose brightness is darker than a preset brightness.
  • the controller 150 divides the pixel data into n x m regions based on the resolution of the pixel data.
  • the controller 150 may divide the pixel data into 100 x 50 regions.
  • the resolution of the image is HD (1280 x 720)
  • pixel data can be divided into 66 x 33 areas.
  • control unit may divide the pixel data into more areas than when the resolution is small.
  • pixel data may be divided into n x m regions based on the resolution of the image sensor 100.
  • an 80 x 60 area that is, pixel data may be divided into 4,800 areas.
  • a 46 x 35 area that is, pixel data can be divided into 1,600 areas.
  • 5(c) is a diagram showing an entire image converted to a Bayer image.
  • the specific area refers to a specific area of a partial area to which binning is applied among the entire image converted into a Bayer image.
  • the specific areas 62, 64, and 66 mean areas whose brightness is darker than a preset brightness.
  • 5(d) is a diagram showing an entire image to which binning is applied.
  • the controller 150 may improve brightness of the entire image by applying binning to a dark partial area of the entire image.
  • the image synthesizing unit 150 generates binning data having the same exposure as pixel data and different brightness from the pixel data. For example, the image synthesis unit 150 generates binning data having the same exposure and brighter than pixel data.
  • the pixel data corresponds to the original image data.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a flow chart of dividing individual regions by brightness levels and applying binning based on brightness levels according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an image input is received through an image sensor (S610).
  • the preview screen is displayed (S612).
  • the preview screen can be in YUV or other format.
  • YUV is a video data format and refers to a color format that thrives in TV as a color face.
  • Color face refers to sending a two-dimensional color using the frequency and amplitude of the color subcarriers.
  • YUV is a format in which color and light are separately composed. The YUV method has the advantage of being able to transmit data with a small bandwidth compared to the RGB method.
  • the screen area is divided into N x N (S614).
  • the snapshot screen is displayed (S616).
  • the snapshot screen can be in RAW/BAYER or other formats.
  • the screen area is divided into N x N (S618).
  • the two regions are mapped 1:1 (S620).
  • Each area is divided into brightness levels, and binning is applied to a specific area based on the brightness level (S630).
  • the dark area means an area in which the brightness of the area is darker than the preset first brightness.
  • SR processing means Super Resolution processing.
  • the controller 150 generates new pixel data by performing super-resolution image processing in which the resolution information of the pixel data and brightness information of the binning data are combined.
  • control unit 150 may modify the gain.
  • the controller 150 modifies a gain of new pixel data located in a specific area and a gain of the pixel data located in a different area than the specific area.
  • the gain can be modified, a clearer image can be obtained.
  • the resulting image is displayed (S660).
  • the resulting image can be a jpeg or other file format.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example in which each area is divided into brightness levels according to an embodiment of the present invention. 7 includes FIGS. 7(a), 7(b) and 7(c).
  • 7(a) is a diagram in which the entire image is divided and the brightness of individual regions is sensed.
  • control unit 150 divides the entire image into 11 x 6 regions and senses the brightness of individual regions.
  • 7(b) is a diagram illustrating a table divided into stages according to the brightness range of individual sections.
  • the controller 150 senses the brightness of an individual region, and classifies the individual region by brightness level based on the sensing result. For example, there are 256 steps from 0 to 255 based on an 8-bit image (general JPEG), and if divided into 8 steps, it can be divided as shown in Fig. 7(b).
  • the brightness range is 0-31.
  • the brightness range is 32-63.
  • the brightness range is 64-95.
  • the brightness range is 96-127.
  • the brightness range is 128-159.
  • the brightness range is 160-191.
  • the brightness range is 192-223.
  • the brightness range is 224-255.
  • the brightness of the image gets darker as you go to step 1, and the brightness of the image gets brighter as you go to step 8.
  • 7(c) is a diagram illustrating a display of brightness levels corresponding to brightness of divided individual regions.
  • the controller 150 maps a brightness level corresponding to the brightness of the divided individual regions to the individual regions.
  • the brightness levels are 3, 3, 4, 4, and 5.
  • the brightness levels are 4, 4, 5, 6, and 4.
  • the brightness levels are 2, 1, 2, 3, 4.
  • the brightness levels are 3, 3, 2, 3, 2.
  • the brightness levels are 1, 1, 1, 2, and 2.
  • the brightness levels are 1, 1, 1, 1, 1.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example in which binning and weights are applied to regions divided by brightness levels according to an embodiment of the present invention. 8 includes FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b).
  • FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating a display of brightness levels corresponding to brightness of divided individual regions. Since a description of this has been described in FIG. 7(c), a detailed description will be omitted.
  • FIG. 8(b) is a diagram illustrating a table in which brightness levels are divided according to brightness ranges of individual sections, and binning and weights are applied based on brightness levels.
  • the controller 150 determines whether to apply binning based on the brightness level, and controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data based on the determination result.
  • the brightness range is 0-31. Binning is applied.
  • the brightness range is 32-63. Binning is applied.
  • the brightness range is 64-95. Binning is applied.
  • the brightness range is 96-127. Binning is applied.
  • the brightness range is 128-159. Binning is applied.
  • step 6 the brightness range is 160-191. Binning is applied.
  • the brightness range is 192-223. Do not apply binning.
  • the brightness range is 224-255. Do not apply binning.
  • the controller 150 determines that binning is not applied. Accordingly, the image synthesizing unit 130 generates binning data by applying binning to a specific area only when the brightness level is 1 to 6 of the entire area.
  • the control unit 150 determines a weight based on the brightness level, and controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data according to the determined weight.
  • the brightness range is 0-31.
  • the weight becomes +4.
  • the brightness range is 32-63.
  • the weight becomes +3.
  • the brightness range is 64-95.
  • the weight becomes +2.
  • the brightness range is 96-127.
  • the weight becomes +1.
  • the brightness range is 128-159.
  • the weight becomes -1.
  • step 6 the brightness range is 160-191.
  • the weight becomes -2.
  • the brightness range is 192-223.
  • the weight becomes -2.
  • the brightness range is 224-255.
  • the weight becomes -3.
  • the brightness of the image gets darker as you go to step 1, and the brightness of the image gets brighter as you go to step 8. Accordingly, the closer to step 1, the control unit 150 sets the weight higher, and the closer to step 8, the control unit 150 sets the weight lower.
  • the weight has a positive value, and the larger its size, the brighter the image.
  • control unit 150 determines the weight to be high, and controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data according to the determined weight.
  • control unit 150 determines the weight to be low, and controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data according to the determined weight. Additional description of the weights will be described later in FIG. 9.
  • the controller 150 determines binning application and weight based on the brightness level, and controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data according to the binning application result and the determined weight.
  • the brightness range is 0-31. Binning is applied, and the weight is +4.
  • the brightness range is 32-63.
  • Binning is applied, and the weight is +3.
  • the brightness range is 64-95. Binning is applied, and the weight is +2.
  • the brightness range is 96-127. Binning is applied, and the weight is +1.
  • the brightness range is 128-159. Binning is applied, and the weight is -1.
  • step 6 the brightness range is 160-191. Binning is applied, and the weight is -2.
  • the brightness range is 192-223. No binning is applied, and the weight is -2.
  • the brightness range is 224-255. No binning is applied, and the weight is -3.
  • the controller 150 determines that binning is not applied. Accordingly, the image synthesizing unit 130 generates binning data by applying binning to a specific area only when the brightness level is 1 to 6 of the entire area.
  • step 1 since the brightness of the image is the darkest, the controller 150 determines the weight to be high, and controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data according to the determined weight.
  • control unit 150 determines the weight to be low, and controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data according to the determined weight.
  • the controller 150 applies binning to a specific area, determines a high weight, and controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data according to the determined weight.
  • control unit 150 does not apply binning to a specific region, determines a low weight, and controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data according to the determination.
  • a low weight the control unit 150 does not apply binning to a specific region, determines a low weight, and controls the image synthesis unit 130 to generate binning data according to the determination.
  • an additional description of the weight will be described later in FIG. 9.
  • the entire image is divided into a plurality of regions
  • 9 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an exposure value is differently applied according to a weight when binning is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 9 includes FIGS. 9(a), 9(b), 9(c), 9(d), and 9(e).
  • 9(a) is a diagram showing a case where the exposure value is -1.0. This is the case when the weight is low. The brightness of the image is the darkest.
  • 9(b) is a diagram showing a case where the exposure value is -0.3.
  • 9(c) is a diagram illustrating a case where the exposure value is 0.
  • 9(d) is a diagram showing a case where the exposure value is +0.3.
  • 9(e) is a diagram showing a case where the exposure value is +1.0. This is the case when the weight is high. The brightness of the image is the brightest.
  • the control unit 150 processes the weight by increasing the exposure value (EV) as the weight has a positive value.
  • binning is applied only to a specific area to generate image data with improved brightness.
  • Time can be shortened, ghosting can be prevented, and since the brightness of an image is improved, user convenience can be improved.
  • image data with improved brightness by dividing pixel data into a plurality of areas, identifying the brightness of the divided areas and classifying them by brightness level, and applying different binning based on the brightness level.
  • image processing time can be shortened and the ghost phenomenon can be prevented, so user convenience can always be improved.
  • the image display device and its operation method according to the present invention are not limited to the configuration and method of the embodiments described as described above, but the embodiments are all or part of each embodiment so that various modifications can be made. May be configured by selectively combining.
  • the method of operating a video display device of the present invention may be implemented as a code that can be read by a processor on a recording medium that can be read by a processor provided in the video display device.
  • the processor-readable recording medium includes all types of recording devices that store data that can be read by the processor. Examples of recording media that can be read by the processor include ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage, etc., and also include those implemented in the form of carrier waves such as transmission through the Internet. .
  • the recording medium readable by the processor may be distributed over a computer system connected through a network, so that code readable by the processor may be stored and executed in a distributed manner.
  • the present invention is used in an image sensor related field that improves the brightness of a dark original image by applying binning to a specific area of the entire image and provides a clearer image.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un capteur d'image et son procédé de commande, dans lequel : des données de pixel sont divisées en n x m régions (n et m étant des nombres naturels); une unité de synthèse d'image est commandée de telle sorte qu'elle génère des données de segmentation au moyen, dans une région spécifique comprenant au moins certaines des régions divisées, de l'application d'une classification différente selon l'attribut de la région spécifique; et de nouvelles données de pixel sont générées par un traitement d'image à super-résolution des données de segmentation délivrées en sortie dans la région spécifique.
PCT/KR2019/003372 2019-03-22 2019-03-22 Capteur d'image et procédé de commande associé Ceased WO2020196934A1 (fr)

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PCT/KR2019/003372 WO2020196934A1 (fr) 2019-03-22 2019-03-22 Capteur d'image et procédé de commande associé

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116506995A (zh) * 2023-04-24 2023-07-28 深圳市计量质量检测研究院（国家高新技术计量站、国家数字电子产品质量监督检验中心） 电子内窥镜测试图像的采集方法、装置及智能终端

Citations (5)

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