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WO2020141019A1 - Module d'un convertisseur multiniveau modulaire - Google Patents

Module d'un convertisseur multiniveau modulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020141019A1
WO2020141019A1 PCT/EP2019/050098 EP2019050098W WO2020141019A1 WO 2020141019 A1 WO2020141019 A1 WO 2020141019A1 EP 2019050098 W EP2019050098 W EP 2019050098W WO 2020141019 A1 WO2020141019 A1 WO 2020141019A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
switching element
electronic switching
voltage
converter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/050098
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Pieschel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to PCT/EP2019/050098 priority Critical patent/WO2020141019A1/fr
Publication of WO2020141019A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020141019A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
    • H02M1/126—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output using passive filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a module of a modular
  • Multilevel converter which is a first electronic
  • the invention further relates to a method for reducing an alternating component in such a module.
  • modules are components of modular multilevel converters that can be connected to an electrical transmission network.
  • the energy storage of the modules can be a capacitor; the voltage of the energy store is then
  • the amplitude of the alternating component can depend on the average capacitor voltage, the capacitor capacity, the number of modules installed and / or that of the converter
  • This alternating component of the module energy store reduces the available / usable voltage that a modular multilevel converter has on its
  • the invention has for its object to provide a module and a method with which the modules of the modular
  • Multilevel converters with regard to their output voltage can be better used.
  • This task is solved by a module and by a
  • a module of a modular is disclosed
  • Multilevel converter which is a first electronic
  • the energy store is provided with a filter circuit that reduces (dampens) an alternating component in the voltage of the energy store.
  • the alternating component can in particular be an alternating voltage component if the voltage of the
  • a module of a modular multilevel converter is sometimes also referred to as a submodule.
  • the module can be designed such that
  • the filter circuit has a capacitor and a choke.
  • the alternating component can be reduced by means of the capacitor and the choke (choke coil, component with inductance).
  • the module can also be designed such that
  • the filter circuit is a series circuit from the
  • the module can be designed such that
  • Capacitor and the choke by a factor of 1.2 to 4, in particular by a factor of 1.5 to 3, greater than the frequency of the alternating component of the voltage of the
  • the capacitor and the choke can be made spatially small.
  • the module can also be designed such that
  • the filter circuit is an active filter circuit. This can advantageously reduce alternating components of different frequencies.
  • the module can be designed such that
  • the filter circuit is a series circuit from the
  • the controllable AC voltage source is an active element with which alternating components of different, variable frequencies can advantageously be reduced.
  • the module can also be designed such that
  • the controllable AC voltage source is a converter, in particular an inverter.
  • Such a converter can advantageously be used to generate a voltage of the most varied frequency and phase position. This voltage can be applied to the energy store in order to keep the alternating component in the
  • the module can be designed such that
  • Full bridge circuit has 4 electronic in particular
  • the 4 electronic switching elements can preferably switch quickly, but need only have a relatively low current carrying capacity.
  • AC voltage source can be constructed in the same way as a module of the modular one Multi-level converters in full-bridge circuit (full-bridge module) without filter circuit.
  • the module can also be designed such that
  • the rated power of the converter is between 5% and 30% of the rated power of the module, in particular between 10% and 20% of the rated power of the module.
  • a converter is therefore preferably relatively smaller
  • the module can be designed such that
  • the module can also be designed such that
  • Half-bridge circuit are arranged.
  • the module can in particular be designed as a so-called half-bridge module.
  • the module can be designed such that
  • the module has a third electronic switching element and a fourth electronic switching element, the first electronic switching element, the second electronic switching element, the third electronic switching element and the fourth electronic switching element in one
  • Full bridge circuit are arranged.
  • the module can be designed as a so-called full-bridge module.
  • a method of reducing an alternating component in a module of a modular is also disclosed
  • Multilevel converter which has a first electronic switching element, a second electronic switching element and an electrical energy store, with the method
  • Filter circuit an alternating component occurring in the voltage of the energy store is reduced.
  • the procedure can be such that
  • the filter circuit is a series circuit of one
  • the AC voltage source is driven such that it generates an AC voltage that has the same frequency and an opposite phase position as the AC component.
  • the time profile of the voltage of the energy store can be measured / ascertained beforehand and the from the measured / ascertained time profile
  • Frequency and / or the phase of the alternating component can be determined.
  • the procedure can be such that
  • the controllable AC voltage source is a converter, in particular an inverter.
  • the procedure can also be such that
  • the procedure can be such that
  • the filter circuit is connected in parallel to the energy store.
  • the procedure can also be such that - The first electronic switching element and the second electronic switching element are arranged in a half-bridge circuit.
  • the procedure can be such that
  • the module has a third electronic switching element and a fourth electronic switching element, the first electronic switching element, the second electronic switching element, the third electronic switching element and the fourth electronic switching element in one
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a modular
  • Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a module of the modular
  • Multilevel converter in the form of a half-bridge module, in
  • Figure 3 shows an embodiment of a module of the modular
  • Multilevel converter in the form of a full-bridge module, in
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of a
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of converter modules of the
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of converter modules of the
  • FIG. 8 shows a more detailed embodiment of the
  • FIG. 9 shows a further exemplary embodiment of modules of the modular multilevel converter, in
  • Figure 10 shows an embodiment of a power module
  • FIG. 11 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a power module, in
  • Figure 12 shows an embodiment of a capacitor module
  • Figure 13 shows an embodiment of a filter circuit.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a converter 1 in the form of a modular multilevel converter 1
  • This multi-level converter 1 has a first AC voltage connection 5, a second
  • AC voltage connection 5 is electrically connected to a first phase module branch 11 and a second phase module branch 13.
  • Phase module branch 13 form a first phase module 15 of the converter 1.
  • the end of the first phase module branch 11 facing away from the first AC voltage connection 5 is connected to a first DC voltage connection 16 electrically connected; the end of the second phase module branch 13 facing away from the first AC voltage connection 5 is connected to a second one
  • the first DC voltage connection 16 electrically connected.
  • the first DC voltage connection 16 is a positive one
  • the second DC voltage connection 17 is a negative DC voltage connection.
  • the second AC voltage connection 7 is electrically connected to one end of a third phase module branch 18 and to one end of a fourth phase module branch 21.
  • the third phase module branch 18 and the fourth phase module branch 21 form a second phase module 24.
  • AC voltage connection 9 is at one end of a fifth phase module branch 27 and at one end of a sixth
  • Phase module branch 29 electrically connected.
  • Phase module branch 27 and the sixth phase module branch 29 form a third phase module 31.
  • Phase module branch 27 are with the first
  • the first phase module branch 11, the third phase module branch 18 and the fifth phase module branch 27 form a positive side
  • Converter part 32; the second phase module branch 13, the fourth phase module branch 21 and the sixth phase module branch 29 form a negative-side converter part 33.
  • Each phase module branch has a plurality of modules (1_1, 1_2, 1_3, 1_4 ... l_n; 2_1 ... 2_n; etc.), which are electrically connected in series (by means of their module connections).
  • modules are also referred to as submodules. in the
  • n 36: the first phase module branch 11 thus has 36 modules 1_1, 1_2, 1_3, ... 1_36. The others
  • Phase module branches 13, 18, 21, 27 and 29 are constructed in the same way.
  • FIG. 1 In the left area of FIG. 1 there is schematically one
  • Control device 35 shown for the modules 1_1 to 6_n. This central control device 35 sends optical messages or optical signals via an optical one
  • Communication link 37 (for example via a
  • Fiber optic cable to the individual modules.
  • the message transmission between the control device and a module is represented symbolically by a line 37; the direction of the message transmission is symbolized by the arrowheads on the lines 37. This is illustrated using the example of modules 1_1, 1_4 and 4_5; Messages are sent to the other modules in the same way or from these modules
  • Control device 35 to the individual modules each have a setpoint for the switching state of the electronic
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a module 200 of the modular multi-level converter 1.
  • the module can be, for example, one of the modules 1_1 ... 6_n shown in FIG. 1.
  • Several or all modules of the modular can also be used
  • Multilevel converter 1 may be configured as the module shown.
  • the module 200 is designed as a half-bridge module 200.
  • the module 200 has a first (switchable) electronic switching element 202 (first switchable semiconductor valve 202) with a first diode 204 connected in anti-parallel.
  • the module 200 further has a second (switchable) electronic switching element 206 (second switchable
  • Energy storage 210 in the form of a capacitor 210.
  • Electronic switching element 206 are each designed as an IGBT (insulated-gate bipolar transistor).
  • the first electronic switching element 202 is electrically connected in series with the second electronic switching element 206. At the connection point between the two electronic ones
  • a first module connection 212 is arranged for switching elements 202 and 206. At the connector of the second electronic
  • the second module connection 215 is also electrically connected to a first connection of the energy store 210; a second connection of the energy store 210 is electrically connected to the connection of the first
  • the energy store 210 is therefore electrically parallel
  • Activation of the first electronic switching element 202 and the second electronic switching element 206 by a control device of the converter can result in that between the first module connection 212 and the second module connection 215 either the voltage of the energy store 210 is output or no voltage is output (ie a zero voltage is output) becomes) .
  • each can desired output voltage of the converter can be generated.
  • the energy store can be a capacitor (or an interconnection of several capacitors); the voltage of the energy storage device is then the capacitor voltage (or the total voltage of the interconnection).
  • the energy store 210 is provided with a filter circuit 220.
  • This filter circuit 220 is in parallel with that
  • the filter circuit 220 reduces (attenuates) an (undesirable) AC component in the voltage of the energy store 210.
  • the voltage of the energy store (capacitor voltage) is a DC voltage.
  • An undesirable AC component is an AC voltage (AC component) that the
  • Voltage ripple generally has an amplitude that is less than the DC voltage.
  • the filter circuit 220 has a capacitor 224 and an inductor 228 in a series circuit.
  • the filter circuit 220 would already be used with these two components
  • the resonance frequency f res of the series circuit comprising the capacitor and the choke is preferably by a factor of 1.2 to 4, in particular by a factor of 1.5 to 3, greater than the frequency of the alternating component of the voltage of the energy store.
  • the resonance frequency f res is calculated according to
  • L is the inductance of inductor 228 and C is
  • Capacitance of capacitor 224 is Capacitance of capacitor 224.
  • Filter circuit 224 additionally has a controllable one
  • the filter circuit 220 is therefore an active filter circuit 220. As a result, the filter circuit 220 can be used even more versatile than a passive suction circuit.
  • alternating component with a frequency can be reduced (damped) by means of a passive suction circuit.
  • active filter circuit 220 alternating components with different ones can also be used
  • the controllable AC voltage source 232 has its own energy source (energy store). Hence the
  • controllable AC voltage source 232 capable of a
  • AC voltage source are controlled such that the AC voltage source generates an AC voltage that has the same frequency and an opposite phase position as the AC component. Ideally, the AC voltage generated can also have the same amplitude as the AC component. This alternating voltage arrives (via the
  • Capacitor 224 and the choke 228) to the energy store 210 and ensures that the alternating component in the voltage of the energy store is reduced or even completely eliminated.
  • the controllable AC voltage source 232 is shown in FIG.
  • An exemplary embodiment of a converter 232 in particular an inverter 232.
  • This converter has its own energy source in the form of a capacitor which is charged to a DC voltage. Therefore, the converter 232 is able to generate an AC voltage with a selectable frequency and phase position.
  • the converter 232 can in particular be a
  • the converter 232 can therefore have four electronic switching elements and the electrical energy source / energy store in a full-bridge circuit.
  • the controllable AC voltage source 232 / the converter 232 can thus be constructed in particular in the same way as the full-bridge module 300 shown in FIG. 3 without the filter circuit 220.
  • the rated power of the converter 232 is between 5% and 30% of the rated power of the module 200, in particular between 10% and 20% of the
  • the converter 232 is therefore a converter of low power. Therefore, the converter 232 is comparatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the converter can also have a plurality of full-bridge circuits connected in series, in which case the size of the
  • FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a module 300 of the modular multi-level converter 1.
  • the module 300 can be, for example, one of the modules 1_1 ... 6_n shown in FIG. 1. Several or all modules of the modular can also be used
  • Multilevel converter 1 may be configured as the module shown.
  • second electronic switching element 206 In addition to the first electronic switching element 202 already known from FIG. 2, second electronic switching element 206, first free-wheeling diode 204, second free-wheeling diode 208 and
  • the module 300 shown in FIG. 3 has a third electronic switching element 302 with an antiparallel connected third freewheeling diode 304 and a fourth electronic switching element 306 with a fourth freewheeling diode 308 connected in anti-parallel.
  • the third electronic switching element 302 and the fourth electronic switching element 306 are each designed as an IGBT.
  • the second electronic switching element 306 In contrast to the circuit of Figure 2 is the second
  • Switching element 206 electrically connected, but with a center (connection point) of an electrical
  • the module 300 in FIG. 3 is a so-called full-bridge module 300.
  • This full-bridge module 300 is distinguished by the fact that with appropriate control of the four
  • Multi-level converter 1 can either have only half-bridge modules 200, only full-bridge modules 300 or also half-bridge modules 200 and full-bridge modules 300.
  • the energy store 210 is provided with a filter circuit 220.
  • This filter circuit 220 is in parallel with that
  • the filter circuit 220 corresponds to that in connection with the above
  • FIG. 4 shows a modular multilevel converter 402 which is connected via a connecting rail S and a
  • Transformer 406 is connected to an electrical power supply network 401.
  • the current flowing through the converter 402 is measured by means of a current measuring device 403;
  • the voltage applied to the converter 402 is measured by means of a voltage measuring device 404.
  • Control unit 405 for the converter transmitted and processed there.
  • the control unit 405 is also supplied with setpoints SW for the multi-level converter 402.
  • the control unit 405 controls the multilevel converter 402; the control unit 405 controls the
  • the exemplary embodiment has three converter modules 410
  • the exemplary embodiment has six converter modules 410 of the
  • Converter 402. The six converter modules 410
  • Phase module branches are arranged in a bridge circuit and connected to a three-phase network with the connections LI, L2 and L3. The converter continues to point
  • Multilevel converter 402 shown which is a further three-phase interconnection of the converter modules 410
  • the converter modules 410 are in one
  • Star arrangement (star connection) interconnected, a return conductor N being connected to the star point.
  • FIG. 8 shows three exemplary embodiments 410a, 410b and 410c for converter modules 410 in greater detail.
  • Each Converter module 410 has AC voltage connections AC1 and AC2.
  • the current i_conv (t) flowing through the converter module 410 is measured in each case by means of a current measuring device 411 (converter module current measurement).
  • Each converter module 410 has a plurality of modules 413.
  • the converter module 410a has a series connection of a coupling inductor 412 and a plurality of full-bridge modules 413a.
  • the converter module 410b has a series connection of a coupling inductor 412 and a plurality of half-bridge modules 413b.
  • the converter module 410c has a series connection of a coupling inductor 412, several full-bridge modules 413a and several half-bridge modules 413b
  • FIG. 9 shows that the full-bridge module 413a has a power module 414a (in a full-bridge circuit), to the intermediate circuit of which a capacitor module 415 and, in parallel, the filter circuit 416 (filter module 416) are connected.
  • the half-bridge module 413b has a power module 414b (in a half-bridge circuit), at its intermediate circuit
  • Capacitor module 415 and, in parallel, filter circuit 416 (filter module 416) are connected.
  • FIG. 10 shows the power module 414a, which has a full bridge circuit.
  • the power module 414a has 4 semiconductor switches 418 (semiconductor switches S1 to S4).
  • Suitable semiconductor switches S1 to S4 are e.g. IGBT, IGCT, IEGT or MOSFET.
  • FIG. 11 shows the power module 414b, which has a half-bridge circuit.
  • the power module 414b has 2 semiconductor switches 418 (semiconductor switches S1 and S2). Suitable semiconductor switches S1 and S2 are, for example, IGBT, IGCT, IEGT or MOSFET.
  • the capacitor module 415 is shown in FIG.
  • the capacitor module 415 has a capacitor 420, which buffers the intermediate circuit voltage, and a parallel-connected voltage measuring device 419a for the
  • Capacitor voltage measurement In general, the capacitor module contains the electrical energy store of the module of the modular multilevel converter.
  • the filter circuit 416 (filter module 416) is shown in FIG.
  • the filter circuit 416 has one
  • Filter choke 422 and an inverter 423 (in particular an inverter of low power 423).
  • the current through the inverter 423 is by means of a
  • Current measuring device 424 measured (filter current measurement).
  • Voltage measuring device 419b measured the voltage across the filter circuit.
  • the voltage measurement values and the current measurement values are supplied to the inverter control unit 425.
  • the voltage measuring device 419a of FIG. 12 and the voltage measuring device 419b of FIG. 13 can also be operated by only one voltage measuring device
  • Both voltage measuring devices 419a and 419b measure the energy storage voltage, here that
  • the inverter control unit 425 determines measured values for the switching commands for the inverter 423.
  • a module and a method for reducing an alternating component in a module have been described, in which a filter circuit (in particular an active suction circuit)
  • Capacitor of the module a series connection of a
  • Filter choke a filter capacitor and one
  • Inverters dampen the alternating share of the
  • Capacitor voltage the inverter is controlled so that an active suction circuit is created.
  • Capacitor voltage can be designed.
  • the resonance frequency of the active suction circuit can be set to different mains frequencies (using the controllable AC voltage source).
  • the number of modules installed in a converter can be reduced. In addition, less occurs at the converter connections

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un module (200) d'un convertisseur multiniveau modulaire (1), comprenant un premier élément de commutation électronique (202), un deuxième élément de commutation électronique (206) et un accumulateur d'énergie (210) électrique. L'accumulateur d'énergie (210) est pourvu d'un circuit filtrant (220) qui réduit la composante alternative de la tension de l'accumulateur d'énergie (210).
PCT/EP2019/050098 2019-01-03 2019-01-03 Module d'un convertisseur multiniveau modulaire Ceased WO2020141019A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2019/050098 WO2020141019A1 (fr) 2019-01-03 2019-01-03 Module d'un convertisseur multiniveau modulaire

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2019/050098 WO2020141019A1 (fr) 2019-01-03 2019-01-03 Module d'un convertisseur multiniveau modulaire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020141019A1 true WO2020141019A1 (fr) 2020-07-09

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PCT/EP2019/050098 Ceased WO2020141019A1 (fr) 2019-01-03 2019-01-03 Module d'un convertisseur multiniveau modulaire

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024077258A3 (fr) * 2022-10-07 2024-06-20 Portland State University Circuits électroniques de puissance et procédés de modulation pour l'éradication d'emi au niveau d'une source

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017001024A1 (fr) * 2015-07-02 2017-01-05 Abb Schweiz Ag Convertisseur multiniveau

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017001024A1 (fr) * 2015-07-02 2017-01-05 Abb Schweiz Ag Convertisseur multiniveau

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
TAVAKOLI BINA M ET AL: "Combined DC-Filter and optimized Modulation to Absorb DC-Link Oscillations of Cascaded H-Bridge Converters", POWER ELECTRONICS AND DRIVE SYSTEMS, 2007. PEDS '07. 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON, IEEE, PISCATAWAY, NJ, USA, 27 November 2007 (2007-11-27), pages 860 - 864, XP031242615, ISBN: 978-1-4244-0644-9 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024077258A3 (fr) * 2022-10-07 2024-06-20 Portland State University Circuits électroniques de puissance et procédés de modulation pour l'éradication d'emi au niveau d'une source

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