WO2020036112A1 - 医療用システム、医療用光源装置及び医療用光源装置における方法 - Google Patents
医療用システム、医療用光源装置及び医療用光源装置における方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020036112A1 WO2020036112A1 PCT/JP2019/031277 JP2019031277W WO2020036112A1 WO 2020036112 A1 WO2020036112 A1 WO 2020036112A1 JP 2019031277 W JP2019031277 W JP 2019031277W WO 2020036112 A1 WO2020036112 A1 WO 2020036112A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00004—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing
- A61B1/00009—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope
- A61B1/000095—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope for image enhancement
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
- A61B1/0008—Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
- A61B1/00096—Optical elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/05—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0638—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements providing two or more wavelengths
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0646—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements with illumination filters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
- A61B1/0669—Endoscope light sources at proximal end of an endoscope
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/06—Means for illuminating specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2461—Illumination
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00147—Holding or positioning arrangements
- A61B1/00149—Holding or positioning arrangements using articulated arms
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a medical system, a medical light source device, and a method in a medical light source device.
- Patent Document 1 describes that at least one laser light source is provided and light from the laser light source is incident on a light guide.
- lamp light sources xenon lamps and halogen lamps
- white LEDs and the like are mainly used.
- these light sources have a large light emitting point size and a wide radiation angle, so that it is difficult to efficiently condense light on a small diameter light guide.
- a semiconductor laser with a small emission point size and a narrow emission angle to combine red light, green light, and blue light to generate white light and use it as a medical light source.
- a semiconductor laser has a narrow wavelength width, for example, white light generated by combining red light, green light, and blue light has low color rendering.
- the white light generated by the semiconductor laser and white light obtained from another light source are combined to enhance the color rendering of the white light generated by the semiconductor laser, the color of the white light is changed due to the difference in the emission angle of both white lights. There is a problem that it shifts and causes unevenness. This is because the emission angle distribution of the white light generated by the semiconductor laser has a Gaussian shape, whereas the emission angle distribution of the white light of another light source (such as an LED) has a Lambertian shape.
- the operator may misdiagnose the diagnosis, for example, when judging the lesion, tumor, etc. of the affected part by color. There is.
- the operator moves an affected part to the center of the image by operating a device such as an endoscope or a microscope in order to make an appropriate determination. This necessitates a very complicated operation.
- a medical device including an imaging unit that captures an image of an observation target, and a light source device that generates light for irradiating the observation target, the light source device has a narrow wavelength band having a narrow band.
- a narrow-band light source that emits band light
- a broad-band light source that emits broad-band light whose wavelength width is wider than the narrow-band light
- a multiplexing unit that multiplexes the narrow-band light and the broad-band light
- a medical system comprising: a radiation angle conversion unit that converts a radiation angle of narrowband light.
- a narrow-band light source that emits narrow-band light whose wavelength width is a narrow band
- a broad-band light source that emits broad-band light whose wavelength width is wider than the narrow-band light
- a medical light source device comprising: a multiplexing unit that multiplexes band light and the broadband light; and a radiation angle conversion unit that converts a radiation angle of the narrowband light.
- the narrow-band light having a narrow wavelength band and the wide-band light having the wide wavelength band is wider than the narrow-band light, and the narrow-band light before the multiplexing, Converting the angle of emission of light, the method in a medical light source device.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a light source device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and its periphery.
- FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a radiation angle distribution of narrowband light.
- FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a radiation angle distribution of broadband light.
- FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a radiation angle distribution of narrowband light shown in FIG. 2 and a radiation angle distribution of broadband light shown in FIG. 3 superimposed.
- FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a radiation angle distribution of narrow-band light transmitted through a radiation angle conversion element.
- FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing characteristics obtained by changing the emission angle distribution of the broadband light by performing NA restriction on the broadband light shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a radiation angle distribution of narrowband light.
- FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a radiation angle distribution of broadband light. 2 and a radiation angle distribution of broadband light shown in FIG. 3 superimposed.
- FIG. 4 is
- FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram in which a radiation angle distribution of narrow-band light transmitted through the radiation angle conversion element illustrated in FIG. 5 and a radiation angle distribution of broadband light with NA restriction illustrated in FIG. 6 are superimposed. It is a schematic diagram showing an example using a rod integrator as a radiation angle conversion element.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of restricting NA of broadband light by an aperture.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of restricting NA of broadband light by an aperture.
- It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the narrow-band light source which combines narrow-band light from several wavelengths.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example in which a yellow light source, a dichroic mirror, and an aperture are added to the narrow-band light source illustrated in FIG. 11.
- 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of an endoscopic surgery system to which a light source device according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a microsurgery system to which a light source device according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- an endoscope As a device for observing the internal structure of a target, an endoscope is widely used. Particularly in the medical field, endoscopes have rapidly spread with the development of surgical techniques and are now indispensable in many medical fields. In recent years, endoscope devices have been required to have low invasiveness to patients, regardless of whether they are flexible or rigid, and in particular, scopes that directly touch the patient have been continuously improved to reduce the diameter and size. . Along with this, a problem has arisen for a light source device as an illumination device for illuminating an affected part to efficiently guide light to a thinner light guide.
- Lamps xenon lamps and halogen lamps
- white LEDs are mainly used as illumination light sources for conventional endoscope devices, but both have large emission points and large radiation angles (large etendue). It has been difficult to efficiently focus light on a small-diameter light guide.
- the present embodiment proposes a light source device using a semiconductor laser (LD) having a small light emitting point size and a narrow radiation angle (small etendue).
- a semiconductor laser since a semiconductor laser has a narrow wavelength width, it is generally known that, for example, white light generated by combining red light, green light, and blue light has poor color rendering properties.
- the color rendering property is deteriorated, for example, when a malignant tumor is determined, there is a possibility that a doctor's diagnosis by endoscopic observation may be erroneously recognized. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a light source having a wide wavelength width is used as an auxiliary light source and mixed with laser light to improve color rendering.
- white light generated by combining red light, green light, and blue light does not have light with a wavelength in between these colors. It can be optimized and color rendering can be improved.
- a light guide (LG) in which an optical fiber is bundled to guide light from a light source generally emits illumination light in which a radiation angle distribution of incident light is preserved. For this reason, when light from a semiconductor laser is guided to a light guide, the laser light generally has a Gaussian-shaped emission angle distribution, so that the illumination light becomes brighter at the center of the optical axis and becomes darker toward the periphery.
- broadband light for example, white LED
- white LED used as an auxiliary light source
- broadband light generally has a Lambertian radiation angle distribution, and therefore becomes illumination light in which the amount of light hardly decreases even in a peripheral portion.
- the ratio between the laser light and the broadband light is shifted between the central part and the peripheral part, so that unevenness (particularly color unevenness) occurs in the illumination light.
- an auxiliary light source such as a white LED
- the color of white is shifted. Therefore, in order to realize a light source having a high color rendering property by mixing a laser light with an auxiliary light source such as a white LED, it is necessary to suppress the unevenness of the illumination light.
- a light source device for suppressing unevenness of illumination light is proposed. The details will be described below.
- the light source device 1000 includes a narrow band light source 100, a wide band light source 200, a lens 300, a lens 305, a dichroic mirror (combining unit) 310, a lens 320, a lens 330, and a radiation angle conversion.
- An element (radiation angle conversion unit) 400 is provided. The light emitted from the light source device 1000 passes through the light guide 500 and is guided to the observation optical system 600.
- the narrow band light source 100 is composed of a semiconductor laser and emits narrow band light.
- the broadband light source 200 includes a white LED and emits white broadband light. Although a white LED is exemplified as the broadband light source 200, a light source such as a xenon lamp or a halogen lamp may be used. Further, the broadband light source 200 may be a phosphor that emits fluorescent light.
- the narrow band light is collimated by the lens 300 and is incident on the radiation angle conversion element 400.
- the radiation angle conversion element 400 assumes a diffusion plate, for example, and plays a role of giving a desired light distribution angle to the incident collimated light and a role of converting the radiation angle distribution.
- Light emitted from the radiation angle conversion element 400 is collimated by a lens 305, passes through a dichroic mirror 310 for multiplexing, and is condensed on a light guide 500 by a lens 320.
- the broadband light is collimated by the lens 330, reflected by the dichroic mirror 310, combined with the narrowband light, and collected by the lens 320 on the light guide 500.
- the dichroic mirror 310 has a characteristic that the wavelength component of the narrow band light is transmitted and the other wavelength band is reflected.
- the dichroic mirror 310 can combine narrowband light and broadband light.
- techniques such as wavelength multiplexing, polarization multiplexing, and spatial multiplexing can be used as the multiplexing technique.
- the light guide 500 can use a bundle of multi-mode fibers of several tens of ⁇ m often used in medical devices.
- the collected illumination light is guided to the observation optical system 600 through the light guide 500.
- the observation optical system 600 corresponds to an in-scope optical system for an endoscope application and a microscope optical system for an operation microscope application, and light emitted from the light source device 1000 irradiates an actual observation target as illumination light therethrough. Is done.
- FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing a radiation angle distribution of narrowband light.
- the horizontal axis represents the radiation angle
- the vertical axis represents the light intensity.
- the intensity of light near the radiation angle of 0 degree is high, and the distribution of the intensity with respect to the radiation angle is a Gaussian distribution.
- FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing a radiation angle distribution of broadband light. Also in FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents the radiation angle, and the vertical axis represents the light intensity. Broadband light has less change in light intensity centered on a radiation angle of 0 degrees than narrowband light, and the distribution of light intensity with respect to the radiation angle is a Lambertian distribution.
- FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram in which the emission angle distribution of the narrowband light shown in FIG. 2 and the emission angle distribution of the broadband light shown in FIG. 3 are superimposed, and shows a state where the narrowband light and the broadband light are multiplexed as they are. Is shown.
- the intensity of the broadband light source and the intensity of the narrowband light source are almost the same near the center (radiation angle 0 °), but the intensity of the narrowband light source decreases more in the periphery. This indicates that the intensity ratio between the narrow band light source and the wide band light source is different between the central part and the peripheral part, and the above-described unevenness occurs.
- FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a radiation angle distribution of the narrowband light transmitted through the radiation angle conversion element 400.
- the radiation angle distribution of the narrowband light expands, and the radiation angle distribution of the narrowband light has characteristics similar to the radiation angle distribution of the broadband light.
- the radiation angle distribution can be converted to a desired state, and the effect of changing the radiation angle distribution can be enhanced.
- the radiation angle conversion element 400 by combining the narrowband light and the broadband light transmitted through the radiation angle conversion element 400, the reduction in the intensity of the narrowband light and the broadband light from the central portion to the peripheral portion coincides with each other. ,
- the intensity ratio between the narrow band light source and the broad band light source matches. This makes it possible to reliably suppress the occurrence of unevenness.
- NA Numerical Aperture
- the NA restriction is performed by making the NA of the lens 330 shown in FIG. 1 smaller than the radiation angle of the broadband light source.
- NA is a numerical value representing the size (numerical aperture) of the maximum light receiving angle by a sine (sin).
- FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing characteristics in which the emission angle distribution of the broadband light is changed by performing NA restriction on the broadband light shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing the emission angle distribution of the narrowband light transmitted through the emission angle conversion element 400 shown in FIG. 5 and the emission angle distribution of the broadband light subjected to NA limitation shown in FIG. 6 in an overlapping manner. 5 shows a state where narrow-band light transmitted through the radiation angle conversion element 400 and broad-band light subjected to NA restriction are combined.
- the radiation angle conversion element 400 has a function of converting the emission angle distribution of narrowband light and expanding the emission angle of narrowband light.
- a diffusion plate can be used as the radiation angle conversion element 400. When a diffusion plate is used, advantages such as a compact optical system and a reduction in manufacturing cost can be obtained.
- a top hat type diffusion plate As the diffusion plate.
- the top hat diffusion plate it is possible to obtain a hat-shaped characteristic in which edges are formed in the region A1 and the region A2, as shown in FIG. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the peripheral light amount of the narrow band light, and it is possible to make the radiation angle distributions of the narrow band light and the broad band light close.
- a fly-eye lens can be used as the radiation angle conversion element 400.
- the fly-eye lens has a large angle redundancy and a large margin of incident light, and even if the degree of collimation of narrow-band light by the lens 300 is reduced, the effect on the characteristics after radiation angle conversion is small.
- the edges of the areas A1 and A2 shown in FIG. 5 can be sharpened. For this reason, it is preferable to use a fly-eye lens when it is necessary to secure a wider image area, for example, when an image area is formed up to the edges of the areas A1 and A2.
- the light transmittance of the top hat type diffusion plate is higher than that of the top hat type diffusion plate. Therefore, it is preferable to use a top-hat type diffusion plate when it is desired to secure more light quantity. In addition, the use of the top hat type diffusion plate is advantageous for cost reduction and space saving.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which a rod integrator 400a is used as the radiation angle conversion element 400.
- the lens 300 for collimating the narrow band light is provided.
- a lens 302 for condensing the narrow band light on the rod integrator 400a is provided.
- the rod integrator 400a is made of, for example, a transparent glass material, and has a prismatic shape instead of a cylindrical shape.
- the narrow-band light that has entered the rod integrator 400a repeats total reflection in the rod integrator 400a, and exits from the end face opposite to the end face on which the light enters.
- NFP Near ⁇ Field ⁇ Pattern
- FFP Fluor ⁇ Field ⁇ Pattern
- the emission angle distribution of the narrow band light is converted and narrowed as shown in FIG.
- the emission angle of the band light can be widened.
- the light emitted from the rod integrator 400a is collimated by the lens 304, passes through the dichroic mirror 310 for multiplexing, and is focused on the light guide 500 by the lens 320.
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are schematic diagrams showing a method of limiting the NA of broadband light by an aperture.
- an aperture 340 is provided on the front side of the lens 330 (on the broadband light source 200 side).
- an aperture 340 is provided behind the lens 330 (on the dichroic mirror 310 side).
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a narrow-band light source 100 that combines narrow-band light from a plurality of wavelengths.
- the narrowband light source 100 includes a red light source 110, a green light source 120, a blue light source 130, a mirror 140, a dichroic mirror (DM1) 142, a dichroic mirror (DM2) 144, and a condenser lens 146. It is configured.
- Each of the red light source 110, the green light source 120, and the blue light source 130 is constituted by a semiconductor laser and is driven independently.
- a GaInP quantum well structure laser diode (RLD) is used as the red light source 110
- a GaInN quantum well structure laser diode (GLD) is used as the green light source 120
- a GaInN quantum well structure laser diode (BLD) is used as the blue light source 130.
- the red light emitted from the red light source 110 is reflected by the mirror 140 at an angle of 45 °, passes through the dichroic mirror 142 and the dichroic mirror 144, and is collected by the condenser lens 146.
- the green light emitted from the green light source 120 is emitted toward the dichroic mirror 142, and the blue light emitted from the blue light source 130 is emitted toward the dichroic mirror 144.
- the dichroic mirror 142 has an optical characteristic of transmitting a red wavelength and reflecting a green wavelength.
- the dichroic mirror 144 has optical characteristics of transmitting a red wavelength and a green wavelength and reflecting a blue wavelength.
- the red wavelength from the red light source 110 is combined with the green wavelength from the green light source 120 by the dichroic mirror 142 and combined with the blue wavelength from the blue light source 130 by the dichroic mirror 144.
- the combined light is condensed by the condenser lens 146. As described above, by combining the red wavelength, the green wavelength, and the blue wavelength, a white light laser can be emitted from the narrowband light source 100.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example in which a yellow light source 135, a dichroic mirror 145, and an aperture 430 are added to the narrow band light source 100 shown in FIG.
- the yellow light source 135 is composed of a semiconductor laser.
- the red wavelength from the red light source 110 is multiplexed with the green wavelength from the green light source 120 by the dichroic mirror 142, multiplexed with the blue wavelength from the blue light source 130 by the dichroic mirror 144, and the yellow light source by the dichroic mirror 145. Combines with yellow wavelength from 135. Therefore, according to the configuration example shown in FIG.
- the light source device 1000 can be configured only with the narrow band light source 100 without providing the broad band light source 200 as shown in FIG.
- the emission angles of the red, green, blue, and yellow laser beams emitted from the red light source 110, the green light source 120, the blue light source 130, and the yellow light source 135 all have a Gaussian distribution. Have. Therefore, according to the configuration example shown in FIG. 12, unlike the case where the narrow-band light and the wide-band light are multiplexed, the distribution of the emission angles of the respective colors is uniform, so that the white light after the multiplexing does not have unevenness.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of an endoscope operation system 3000 to which the light source device 1000 according to the present disclosure may be applied.
- the endoscope operation system 3000 includes an endoscope 2000, a support arm device 2100 that supports the endoscope 2000, and a light source device 1000.
- the support arm device 2100 includes an arm 2020 extending from the base 2110.
- the arm unit 2020 includes a plurality of joints and a plurality of links, and is driven by control from an arm control device.
- the endoscope 2000 is supported by the arm 2020, and its position and posture are controlled. Thereby, stable fixing of the position of the endoscope 2000 can be realized.
- the endoscope 2000 includes a lens barrel 2010 having a region of a predetermined length from the distal end inserted into a body cavity of a patient, and a camera head 2020 connected to a proximal end of the lens barrel 2010.
- the endoscope 2000 may be configured as a so-called rigid scope having a hard barrel 2010, or may be configured as a so-called flexible scope having a soft barrel 2010.
- An opening in which the objective lens (observation optical system 600) is fitted is provided at the tip of the lens barrel 2010.
- a light source device 1000 is connected to the endoscope 2000, and light generated by the light source device 1000 is guided to the tip of the lens barrel 2010 by a light guide 500 extending inside the lens barrel 2010, and an objective is provided. The light is radiated toward the observation target in the body cavity of the patient via the lens.
- An optical system and an image sensor are provided inside the camera head 2020, and the reflected light (observation light) from the observation target is focused on the image sensor by the optical system.
- the observation light is photoelectrically converted by the imaging element, and an electric signal corresponding to the observation light, that is, an image signal corresponding to an observation image is generated.
- the image signal is transmitted as RAW data to a camera control unit (CCU).
- the camera head 2020 has a function of adjusting the magnification and the focal length by appropriately driving the optical system.
- the camera head 2020 may be provided with a plurality of image sensors in order to support, for example, stereoscopic viewing (3D display).
- a plurality of relay optical systems are provided inside the lens barrel 2010 in order to guide observation light to each of the plurality of image sensors.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a microscope operation system 6000 to which the light source device 1000 according to the present disclosure may be applied.
- the microsurgery system 6000 includes a microscope device 4000 and a light source device 1000.
- the microscope device 4000 includes a microscope section 4010 for magnifying and observing an observation target (operated part of a patient), an arm section 4020 supporting the microscope section 4010 at the distal end, and a base section 4030 supporting the base end of the arm section 4020. And
- the microscope unit 4010 is a microscope unit of an electronic imaging type (a so-called video microscope unit) that electronically captures a captured image by an imaging unit.
- Light from the observation target (hereinafter, also referred to as observation light) enters an imaging unit inside the microscope unit 4010.
- the imaging unit includes an optical system that collects observation light, and an imaging device that receives the observation light collected by the optical system.
- the optical system is configured by combining a plurality of lenses including a zoom lens and a focus lens, and the optical characteristics thereof are adjusted so that the observation light forms an image on the light receiving surface of the image sensor.
- the imaging device receives the observation light and performs photoelectric conversion to generate a signal corresponding to the observation light, that is, an image signal corresponding to an observation image.
- an imaging device having a Bayer array and capable of performing color imaging is used.
- the image sensor may be any of various known image sensors such as a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor or a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) image sensor.
- CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- CCD Charge Coupled Device
- the arm portion 4020 is configured by a plurality of links (first link 4022a to sixth link 4022f) being rotatably connected to each other by a plurality of joint portions (first joint portion 4024a to sixth joint portion 4024f). Is done. Each joint is rotatable about a rotation axis indicated by a chain line.
- the number and shape (length) of the links constituting the illustrated arm unit 4020, the number of joints, the arrangement position, the direction of the rotation axis, and the like are appropriately designed so as to realize desired degrees of freedom.
- the first joint portion 4024a to the sixth joint portion 4024f may be provided with a drive mechanism such as a motor and an actuator on which an encoder or the like for detecting a rotation angle at each joint portion is mounted. Then, by appropriately controlling the driving of the actuators provided in the first joint portion 4024a to the sixth joint portion 4024f, the attitude of the arm section 4020, that is, the position and the attitude of the microscope section 4000 can be controlled.
- the light source device 1000 is built in, for example, the inside of the base portion 4030.
- the light guide 500 connected to the light source device 1000 passes through the inside or outside of the first to sixth links 4022a to 4022f, and is guided to the microscope unit 4010.
- the brightness of the observation target is reduced when the imaging unit inside the microscope unit 4010 images the observation target (affected part) of the patient. In other words, the observation target can be clearly imaged.
- the present embodiment it is possible to make the radiation angle distribution shapes of the narrow-band light and the broad-band light closer by making the narrow-band light incident on the radiation angle conversion element 400, thereby reducing the unevenness of the irradiation light. can do. Further, by combining narrowband light with broadband light, color rendering properties can be improved. Thereby, when the narrow band light is generated by the semiconductor laser, it is possible to efficiently converge the illumination light, which has high color rendering properties and suppresses the occurrence of unevenness, to the small diameter light guide. In addition, by converting the emission angle of the narrowband light to match the emission angle distribution of the broadband light, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of light in the peripheral portion.
- the medical light source device has been described as an example, but the present technology is not limited to such an example.
- the present embodiment can be applied to a widely used light source device such as an industrial light source device.
- a medical device including an imaging unit for imaging the observation target, A light source device that generates light for irradiating the observation target, With The light source device, A narrow-band light source that emits narrow-band light whose wavelength width is a narrow band, A broadband light source that emits broadband light whose wavelength width is wider than the narrowband light, A multiplexing unit that multiplexes the narrowband light and the wideband light, A radiation angle conversion unit that converts the radiation angle of the narrowband light, A medical system comprising: (2) A narrow-band light source that emits narrow-band light whose wavelength width is a narrow band, A broadband light source that emits broadband light whose wavelength width is wider than the narrowband light, A multiplexing unit that multiplexes the narrowband light and the wideband light, A radiation angle conversion unit that converts the radiation angle of the narrowband light, A medical light source device comprising: (3) The medical light source device according to (2), wherein the radiation angle conversion unit expands a radiation angle distribution
- the medical light source device (4) The medical light source device according to (3), wherein the radiation angle conversion unit widens the radiation angle distribution of the narrowband light to approximate the radiation angle distribution of the broadband light. (5) The medical light source device according to any one of (2) to (4), further including a lens that collimates the narrowband light incident on the radiation angle conversion unit. (6) The medical light source device according to any one of (2) to (5), wherein the radiation angle conversion unit includes a diffusion plate that diffuses the narrowband light. (7) The medical light source device according to any one of (2) to (5), wherein the radiation angle conversion unit includes a fly-eye lens. (8) The medical light source device according to any one of (2) to (5), wherein the radiation angle conversion unit includes a rod integrator.
- the medical light source device according to any one of (2) to (8), further including a radiation angle restricting unit that restricts a radiation angle of the broadband light.
- the medical light source device according to (9), wherein the radiation angle limiting unit includes a lens through which the broadband light passes.
- the radiation angle limiting unit includes an aperture through which the broadband light passes.
- the narrow band light source is constituted by a laser light source.
- the narrow band light source A red laser light source that generates red light, A green laser light source for producing green light, A blue laser light source that generates blue light,
- white light is emitted by combining the red light, the green light, and the blue light.
- a method in a medical light source device comprising:
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Abstract
Description
なお、上記の効果は必ずしも限定的なものではなく、上記の効果とともに、または上記の効果に代えて、本明細書に示されたいずれかの効果、または本明細書から把握され得る他の効果が奏されてもよい。
1.背景
2.光源装置の構成
3.放射角変換素子による放射角の変換
4.広帯域光のNA制限
5.放射角変換素子の例
6.広帯域光のNA制限の例
7.狭帯域光源の構成例
8.狭帯域光源が黄色光源を備える構成例
9.医療用システムの構成例
9.1.内視鏡システムの構成例
9.2.顕微鏡システムの構成例
対象の内部構造を観察する装置として、内視鏡が広く普及している。特に医療の分野においては、内視鏡は、術式技術の発展に伴い急速に普及し、今では多くの診療分野で不可欠なものとなっている。近年、内視鏡装置は、軟性鏡・硬性鏡問わず、患者への低侵襲性が求められ、特に患者と直に触れるスコープ部分は細径化、小型化に向けて改良が重ねられている。これに伴い、患部を照らす照明装置としての光源装置は、より細いライトガイドに効率よく導光させることが課題となっている。従来の内視鏡装置の照明用光源は、ランプ光源(キセノンランプやハロゲンランプ)や白色LEDが主に用いられるが、どちらも発光点のサイズが大きく、放射角が広い(エタンデユーが大きい)ため、細径のライトガイドに効率よく集光させるのは困難であった。
まず、図1を参照して、本開示の一実施形態に係る光源装置1000とその周辺の概略構成について説明する。本実施形態に係る光源装置1000は、図1に示すように、狭帯域光源100、広帯域光源200、レンズ300、レンズ305、ダイクロイックミラー(合波部)310、レンズ320、レンズ330、放射角度変換素子(放射角変換部)400を有して構成されている。光源装置1000から出射された光は、ライトガイド500を通り、観察光学系600に導光される。
図2は、狭帯域光の放射角分布を示す特性図である。図2において、横軸は放射角を、縦軸は光の強度を示している。狭帯域光は、放射角0度近傍の光の強度が高く、放射角に対する強度の分布がガウシアン分布となっている。
本実施形態では、広帯域光についてNA(Numerical Aperture)の制限を行う。NA制限は、図1に示すレンズ330のNAを広帯域光源の放射角より小さくすることで行う。なお、NAとは、最大受光角の大きさ(開口数)を正弦(sin)で表す数値である。図6は、図3に示す広帯域光にNA制限を行うことで、広帯域光の放射角分布を変化させた特性を示す特性図である。
上述したように、放射角度変換素子400は、狭帯域光の放射角分布を変換し、狭帯域光の放射角を拡げる機能を有する。放射角度変換素子400として拡散板を用いることができる。拡散板を用いた場合、光学系を小型に構成できる、製造コストを低減できる、等のメリットが得られる。
上述したように、広帯域光のNAの制限は、レンズ330によって行うことができる。一方、レンズ330の前後にアパーチャを設けることで広帯域光のNA制限を行うこともできる。図9及び図10は、アパーチャにより広帯域光のNAに制限をかける手法を示す模式図である。図9に示す例では、レンズ330よりも前側(広帯域光源200側)にアパーチャ340を設けている。また、図10に示す例では、レンズ330よりも後側(ダイクロイックミラー310側)にアパーチャ340を設けている。このように、アパーチャを設けることで広帯域光のNA制限を行うことも可能である。これにより、レンズ330によりNA制限をかけた場合と同様に、図6に示した広帯域光の特性を得ることが可能となる。
狭帯域光は一つの波長だけでなく、複数の波長が合波された光であっても良い。図11は、狭帯域光を複数の波長から合波する狭帯域光源100の一例を示す模式図である。図11に示すように、狭帯域光源100は、赤色光源110、緑色光源120、青色光源130、ミラー140、ダイクロイックミラー(DM1)142、ダイクロイックミラー(DM2)144、集光レンズ146を有して構成されている。
図12は、図11に示した狭帯域光源100に対し、黄色光源135、ダイクロイックミラー145、アパーチャ430を追加した構成例を示す模式図である。黄色光源135は、半導体レーザから構成される。赤色光源110からの赤色波長は、ダイクロイックミラー142にて緑色光源120からの緑色波長と合波し、ダイクロイックミラー144にて青色光源130からの青色波長と合波し、ダイクロイックミラー145にて黄色光源135からの黄色波長と合波する。従って、図12に示す構成例によれば、赤色波長、緑色波長、青色波長、黄色波長を合波することで、図11に示した狭帯域光源100よりも色合いが最適に調整された白色光を得ることができる。このため、図1に示したような広帯域光源200を特に設けることなく、狭帯域光源100のみで光源装置1000を構成することができる。
9.1.内視鏡システムの構成例
図13は、本開示に係る光源装置1000が適用され得る内視鏡手術システム3000の概略的な構成の一例を示す図である。内視鏡手術システム3000は、内視鏡2000と、内視鏡2000を支持する支持アーム装置2100と、光源装置1000と、を有して構成される。
図14は、本開示に係る光源装置1000が適用され得る顕微鏡手術システム6000の概略的な構成の一例を示す図である。図14を参照すると、顕微鏡手術システム6000は、顕微鏡装置4000と、光源装置1000と、を有してから構成される。
(1)
観察対象を撮像する撮像部を備える医療用機器と、
前記観察対象に照射する光を生成する光源装置と、
を備え、
前記光源装置は、
波長幅が狭帯域である狭帯域光を出射する狭帯域光源と、
前記狭帯域光よりも前記波長幅が広帯域である広帯域光を出射する広帯域光源と、
前記狭帯域光と前記広帯域光を合波する合波部と、
前記狭帯域光の放射角を変換する放射角変換部と、
を有する、医療用システム。
(2)
波長幅が狭帯域である狭帯域光を出射する狭帯域光源と、
前記狭帯域光よりも前記波長幅が広帯域である広帯域光を出射する広帯域光源と、
前記狭帯域光と前記広帯域光を合波する合波部と、
前記狭帯域光の放射角を変換する放射角変換部と、
を備える、医療用光源装置。
(3)
前記放射角変換部は、前記狭帯域光の放射角分布を拡げる、前記(2)に記載の医療用光源装置。
(4)
前記放射角変換部は、前記狭帯域光の放射角分布を拡げて前記広帯域光の放射角分布に近づける、前記(3)に記載の医療用光源装置。
(5)
前記放射角変換部に入射する前記狭帯域光をコリメートするレンズを備える、前記(2)~(4)のいずれかに記載の医療用光源装置。
(6)
前記放射角変換部は、前記狭帯域光を拡散させる拡散板から構成される、前記(2)~(5)のいずれかに記載の医療用光源装置。
(7)
前記放射角変換部は、フライアイレンズから構成される、前記(2)~(5)のいずれかに記載の医療用光源装置。
(8)
前記放射角変換部は、ロッドインテグレータから構成される、前記(2)~(5)のいずれかに記載の医療用光源装置。
(9)
前記広帯域光の放射角を制限する放射角制限部を更に備える、前記(2)~(8)のいずれかに記載の医療用光源装置。
(10)
前記放射角制限部は、前記広帯域光が通過するレンズから構成される、前記(9)に記載の医療用光源装置。
(11)
前記放射角制限部は、前記広帯域光が通過するアパーチャから構成される、前記(9)に記載の医療用光源装置。
(12)
前記狭帯域光源は、レーザ光源から構成される、前記(2)~(11)のいずれかに記載の医療用光源装置。
(13)
前記狭帯域光源は、
赤色光を生成する赤色レーザ光源と、
緑色光を生成する緑色レーザ光源と、
青色光を生成する青色レーザ光源と、
を備え、
前記赤色光、前記緑色光、及び前記青色光の合波により白色光を出射する、前記(12)に記載の医療用光源装置。
(14)
前記合波部により合波された前記狭帯域光及び前記広帯域光が照射されるライトガイドを備える、前記(2)~(13)のいずれかに記載の医療用光源装置。
(15)
前記合波部により合波された前記狭帯域光及び前記広帯域光が患者の観察対象に照射される、前記(2)~(14)のいずれかに記載の医療用光源装置。
(16)
波長幅が狭帯域である狭帯域光と前記狭帯域光よりも前記波長幅が広帯域である広帯域光を合波することと、
前記合波の前に前記狭帯域光の放射角を変換することと、
を備える、医療用光源装置における方法。
110 赤色光源
120 緑色光源
130 青色光源
200 広帯域光源
310 ダイクロイックミラー
330 レンズ
340,350 アパーチャ
400 放射角度変換素子
1000 光源装置
2000 内視鏡
3000 内視鏡手術システム
4000 顕微鏡装置
6000 顕微鏡手術システム
Claims (16)
- 観察対象を撮像する撮像部を備える医療用機器と、
前記観察対象に照射する光を生成する光源装置と、
を備え、
前記光源装置は、
波長幅が狭帯域である狭帯域光を出射する狭帯域光源と、
前記狭帯域光よりも前記波長幅が広帯域である広帯域光を出射する広帯域光源と、
前記狭帯域光と前記広帯域光を合波する合波部と、
前記狭帯域光の放射角を変換する放射角変換部と、
を有する、医療用システム。 - 波長幅が狭帯域である狭帯域光を出射する狭帯域光源と、
前記狭帯域光よりも前記波長幅が広帯域である広帯域光を出射する広帯域光源と、
前記狭帯域光と前記広帯域光を合波する合波部と、
前記狭帯域光の放射角を変換する放射角変換部と、
を備える、医療用光源装置。 - 前記放射角変換部は、前記狭帯域光の放射角分布を拡げる、請求項2に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 前記放射角変換部は、前記狭帯域光の放射角分布を拡げて前記広帯域光の放射角分布に近づける、請求項3に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 前記放射角変換部に入射する前記狭帯域光をコリメートするレンズを備える、請求項2に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 前記放射角変換部は、前記狭帯域光を拡散させる拡散板から構成される、請求項2に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 前記放射角変換部は、フライアイレンズから構成される、請求項2に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 前記放射角変換部は、ロッドインテグレータから構成される、請求項2に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 前記広帯域光の放射角を制限する放射角制限部を更に備える、請求項2に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 前記放射角制限部は、前記広帯域光が通過するレンズから構成される、請求項9に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 前記放射角制限部は、前記広帯域光が通過するアパーチャから構成される、請求項9に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 前記狭帯域光源は、レーザ光源から構成される、請求項2に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 前記狭帯域光源は、
赤色光を生成する赤色レーザ光源と、
緑色光を生成する緑色レーザ光源と、
青色光を生成する青色レーザ光源と、
を備え、
前記赤色光、前記緑色光、及び前記青色光の合波により白色光を出射する、請求項12に記載の医療用光源装置。 - 前記合波部により合波された前記狭帯域光及び前記広帯域光が照射されるライトガイドを備える、請求項2に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 前記合波部により合波された前記狭帯域光及び前記広帯域光が患者の観察対象に照射される、請求項2に記載の医療用光源装置。
- 波長幅が狭帯域である狭帯域光と前記狭帯域光よりも前記波長幅が広帯域である広帯域光を合波することと、
前記合波の前に前記狭帯域光の放射角を変換することと、
を備える、医療用光源装置における方法。
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| JP2020537432A JP7405080B2 (ja) | 2018-08-13 | 2019-08-07 | 医療用システム、医療用光源装置及び医療用光源装置の作動方法 |
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| CN116869460B (zh) * | 2022-11-28 | 2024-07-02 | 上海澳华内镜股份有限公司 | 一种内窥镜光源装置 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN112584748A (zh) | 2021-03-30 |
| US12336693B2 (en) | 2025-06-24 |
| US20210267446A1 (en) | 2021-09-02 |
| EP3838110A4 (en) | 2021-09-08 |
| JP7405080B2 (ja) | 2023-12-26 |
| JPWO2020036112A1 (ja) | 2021-08-26 |
| CN112584748B (zh) | 2025-02-21 |
| EP3838110A1 (en) | 2021-06-23 |
| US20250288195A1 (en) | 2025-09-18 |
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