WO2020026874A1 - Program, power control method, power control system, and control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a technology through which a power retailer optimizes a power procurement amount. In a computer for controlling a system including a power generation device, a storage battery, a power load, and a control device, this program executes: a step for acquiring a predicted power generation amount change for indicating, in a predetermined period, a temporal change prediction of a power generation amount in the power generation device; a step for acquiring a predicted consumption power amount change for indicating, in the period, a temporal change prediction of a consumption power amount in the system ; a step for acquiring a price change for indicating, in the period, a temporal change prediction of a procurement price when the retailer who sells power procures the power for the system; a step for determining a discharging starting time and a discharging ending time of the storage battery so as to optimize the procurement price in a time period in which the power generation amount is lower than the consumption power amount by using the predicted power generation amount change, the predicted consumption power generation amount change, and the price change; and step for commanding the control device to control discharging from the storage battery according to the discharging starting time and the discharging ending time.

Description

Program, power control method, power control system, and control device

<< The present invention relates to a technique for controlling HEMS (Home Energy Management System).

(2) In a system such as a HEMS having a power generation device, a technique for controlling a timing of switching a power supply source to a power load to any one of a power generation device, a storage battery, and a commercial power supply, that is, a power purchase timing is known. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a technique for controlling the timing of discharging from a storage battery in order to improve the energy efficiency and economic efficiency of the storage battery. Patent Literature 2 describes a technique for deciding a power selling timing based on a power storage amount, a demand amount prediction, and a power supply amount prediction in order to optimize the power selling timing for the customer H.

International Publication No. 2016/1666836 WO 2017/145463

However, Patent Documents 1 and 2 both control the trading timing mainly from the viewpoint of the customer H and do not optimize the trading timing of the electric power from the viewpoint of a power retailer.

に 対 し On the other hand, the present invention provides a technology for a power retailer to optimize the amount of power procurement.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a computer that controls a power generation device, a storage battery, a power load, and a system that includes a control device that controls the power generation device, the storage battery, and the power load has a power generation amount of the power generation device. Obtaining a predicted power generation change indicating a prediction of a time change in a predetermined period; and obtaining a predicted power consumption change indicating a prediction of a time change in the period of the power consumption in the system. Obtaining a price change indicating a time change in the period of the procurement price when a retailer who sells power to the system procures the power, the predicted power generation change, the predicted power consumption Change, and using the price change to optimize the procurement price during a time period when the amount of power generation is less than the amount of power consumption. Determining the discharge start time and the discharge end time of the storage battery, and instructing the control device to control the discharge from the storage battery according to the discharge start time and the discharge end time. The program for the is provided.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a power generation device, a storage battery, a power load, and a computer that controls a system including the power generation device, the storage battery, and the power load determine a power generation amount in the power generation device in advance. Predicted power generation change indicating the prediction of time change during the specified period, predicted power consumption change indicating the prediction of time change during the period of the power consumption in the system, a retailer that sells power to the system From the procurement price when procuring electric power, the price change indicating the prediction of the time change in the period, and the server that determines the discharge start time and the discharge end time of the storage battery from the remaining amount of the storage battery, Transmitting the remaining amount of the storage battery at the reference time, and starting and ending the discharging of the storage battery from the server. Receiving a command containing a program for executing and controlling the storage battery in accordance with the command is provided.

Further, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a power generation device, a storage battery, a power load, and a control method for a system including the power generation device, the storage battery, and a control device that controls the power load, wherein the power generation device includes: Obtaining a predicted power generation change indicating a prediction of a time change in a power generation amount in a predetermined period; and obtaining a predicted power consumption change indicating a prediction of a time change in the power consumption amount in the system during the period. And a step of obtaining a price change indicating a prediction of a temporal change in the period during the procurement price when a retailer selling power to the system procures the power, and the predicted power generation amount change, Using the predicted power consumption change, and the price change, the procurement price in a time zone when the power generation amount is lower than the power consumption amount Determining the discharge start time and the discharge end time of the storage battery so as to optimize, and instructing the control device to control the discharge from the storage battery according to the discharge start time and the discharge end time. Is provided.

Further, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a power control system including a power generation device, a storage battery, a power load, and a control device that controls the power generation device, the storage battery, and the power load. First obtaining means for obtaining a predicted power generation amount change indicating a prediction of a time change in a predetermined period of time, and a predicted power consumption indicating a time change prediction of the power consumption amount in the power control system during the period Second acquisition means for acquiring a change in amount, and acquiring a price change indicating a prediction of a temporal change in the period of the procurement price when a retailer who sells power to the power control system procures the power. When the power generation amount falls below the power consumption amount by using a third acquisition unit and the predicted power generation amount change, the predicted power consumption amount change, and the price change. Determining means for determining a discharge start time and a discharge end time of the storage battery so as to optimize the procurement price in a band, and controlling discharge from the storage battery according to the discharge start time and the discharge end time, There is provided a power control system having command means for commanding a control device.

Further, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a power generation device, a storage battery, a power load, and a control device that controls the power generation device, the storage battery, and a system including the power load, wherein the power generation amount in the power generation device A predicted power generation change indicating a prediction of a time change in a predetermined period, a predicted power consumption change indicating a prediction of a time change in the system for a power consumption of the system, and selling power to the system. For the server that determines the discharge start time and the discharge end time of the storage battery from the procurement price when the retailer procures power, the price change indicating the prediction of the time change in the period, and the remaining amount of the storage battery. Transmitting means for transmitting the remaining amount of the storage battery at a reference time of the period; Receiving means for receiving a command including time, the control device is provided with a control means for controlling the storage battery in accordance with the instruction.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a technology for a power retailer to optimize the amount of power procurement.

The figure showing the outline of the power control system concerning one embodiment. The figure which illustrates the functional configuration of a power control system. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of a server. 3 is a sequence chart illustrating an operation of the power control system 1. The figure which illustrates the electric power change which concerns on a prior art. The figure which illustrates the relationship between the power shortage and the procurement price. The figure which illustrates the power control which concerns on one Embodiment. The figure which illustrates the amount of insufficient power and the procurement price. 9 is a table illustrating control of a charge / discharge schedule.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power control system, 10 ... Power generation device, 20 ... Storage battery, 30 ... Power load, 40 ... Watt hour meter, 50 ... Control device, 51 ... Storage means, 52 ... Transmission means, 53 ... Receiving means, 54 ... Control means , 60 ... server, 61 ... storage means, 62 ... acquisition means, 63 ... acquisition means, 64 ... acquisition means, 65 ... decision means, 66 ... instruction means, 67 ... acquisition means, 90 ... network, 601 ... CPU, 602 ... Memory, 603: Storage, 604: Communication IF

1. Configuration FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an outline of a power control system 1 according to an embodiment. The power control system 1 includes a power generation device 10, a storage battery 20, a power load 30, a watt hour meter 40, a control device 50, and a server 60. Among them, the power generation device 10, the storage battery 20, the power load 30, and the control device 50 are installed in the customer H. Although only a single customer H is shown in FIG. 1 to simplify the drawing, the power control system 1 may include a plurality of customers H. Further, each customer H is also supplied with electric power from a commercial power supply (omitted in FIG. 1). Electric power from a commercial power source is sold (or provided) by a power retailer. The server 60 is connected to the control device 50 of the customer H via a network 90. In the power control system 1, the control device 50 performs power control in response to an instruction from the server 60. The control device 50 has a function of a so-called HEMS and a gateway device. The control device 50 performs control to send instructions to the devices (the power generation device 10, the storage battery 20, the power load 30, and the watt hour meter 40) in the customer H, and to receive responses and data from these devices. Further, the control device 50 performs control of receiving an instruction from an external device such as the server 60 and transmitting data or a request to the external device. As an example, the functions of the control device 50 include, for example, a function of receiving input of power amount data from the watt hour meter 40 and recording the received power data or transmitting the received power data to an external device such as the server 60.

The power generation device 10 is a device that generates power. In one example, the power generation device 10 is a device that generates power using natural energy, specifically, a solar power generation device. The storage battery 20 is a device that is charged using power supplied from the power generation device 10 or a commercial power supply, and discharges the stored power as needed. In one example, storage battery 20 is stationary. Alternatively, a battery of an electric vehicle may be used as storage battery 20. The power load 30 is a device that consumes power in the customer H, and includes home electric appliances, a cooling / heating device, a lighting device, and the like. The watt hour meter 40 is a device that measures the amount of power related to power purchase and power sale. In this example, the watt-hour meter 40 includes functions of a so-called power purchase meter and a power sale meter. Although not shown, the power control system 1 includes a watt-hour meter that measures the amount of power generated by the power generation device 10 and a watt-hour meter that measures the amount of charge and discharge of the storage battery 20. The control device 50 controls the power generation device 10, the storage battery 20, the power load 30, and the watt hour meter 40 in the customer H.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the power control system 1. The power control system 1 includes a storage unit 61, an acquisition unit 62, an acquisition unit 63, an acquisition unit 64, a determination unit 65, a command unit 66, an acquisition unit 67, a storage unit 51, a transmission unit 52, a reception unit 53, and a control unit 54. Having. Among these functional elements, the storage unit 61, the acquisition unit 62, the acquisition unit 63, the acquisition unit 64, the determination unit 65, the command unit 66, and the acquisition unit 67 are mounted on the server 60. The storage unit 51, the transmission unit 52, the reception unit 53, and the control unit 54 are mounted on the control device 50.

In the server 60, the acquiring unit 62 (an example of a first acquiring unit) acquires the predicted power generation amount in the customer H. More specifically, the acquisition unit 62 acquires a predicted power generation amount change indicating a prediction of a temporal change in the power generation amount of the power generation device 10 during a predetermined period (hereinafter, referred to as a “specific period”). The specific period is a period serving as a unit of prediction, and in one example, is 24 hours from 0:00 to 24:00 on the next day. The obtaining unit 62 requests the control device 50 to transmit the data of the predicted power generation amount at a predetermined timing, and obtains the data transmitted as a response to the request. Alternatively, the control device 50 periodically transmits the data of the predicted power generation amount to the server 60 at a predetermined timing, and the server 60 stores the data in the storage unit 61. The obtaining unit 62 may obtain the predicted power generation amount from the data stored in the storage unit 61.

The acquisition unit 63 (an example of a second acquisition unit) acquires the predicted power consumption of the customer H. More specifically, the acquisition unit 63 acquires a predicted power consumption change indicating a prediction of a temporal change in the power consumption of the customer H in a specific period. The power consumption in the customer H is, for example, the power consumed by the power load 30. The acquisition unit 63 requests the control device 50 to transmit data of the predicted power consumption at a predetermined timing, and acquires the data transmitted as a response to the request. Alternatively, the control device 50 periodically transmits the data of the predicted power consumption to the server 60 at a predetermined timing, and the server 60 stores the data in the storage unit 61. The obtaining unit 63 may obtain the predicted power consumption from the data stored in the storage unit 61.

(4) The acquisition unit 64 (an example of a third acquisition unit) acquires a procurement price at which a power retailer procures power. The procurement price here may be a fixed value or a predicted value. More specifically, the acquiring unit 64 determines the price change indicating the time change of the procurement price when a retailer who sells power to the customer H procures power during a specific period (as described above, this price The change may be determined or predicted). An electric power retailer procures electric power from, for example, an electric power generating and transmitting company. The electric power retailing business and the power generating or transmitting business may be the same or different from each other.

The determining unit 65 determines a charging / discharging schedule (for example, discharging timing) of the storage battery 20 using the information acquired by the acquiring unit 62, the acquiring unit 63, and the acquiring unit 64. More specifically, the determining unit 65 uses the predicted power generation amount change, the predicted power consumption amount change, and the price change to optimize the procurement price in a time period in which the power generation amount is lower than the power consumption amount. The discharge start time and the discharge end time are determined. Here, the determining means 65 determines the discharge timing triggered by a predetermined event. The predetermined event is, for example, an event in which the predicted power generation amount change, the predicted power consumption amount change, the price change, and the remaining amount information are all set, and a predetermined time (for example, every day at midnight) has been reached.

The command unit 66 commands the control device 50 to control the discharge from the storage battery according to the discharge start time and the discharge end time determined by the determination unit 65. That is, the command means 66 transmits a command including the discharge start time and the discharge end time to the control device 50. The storage means 61 stores various data. The acquisition unit 67 acquires, that is, receives information indicating the remaining amount of the storage battery 20 (hereinafter, referred to as “remaining amount information”) from the control device 50. In this example, the remaining amount information is obtained from the control device 50 and is information indicating an actually measured value of the storage battery 20. However, the remaining amount information may be a predicted value of the remaining amount of the storage battery 20. In this case, the obtaining unit 67 may obtain the remaining amount information (predicted value) from a device other than the control device 50 (for example, the server 60 itself).

In the control device 50, the storage means 51 stores various data. The transmitting unit 52 transmits the remaining amount of the storage battery 20 (the amount of power that can be supplied in the future at that time) to the server 60. The transmission unit 52 may transmit at least one type of data among the power generation amount, the power purchase amount, the power sale amount, and the power consumption amount to the server 60 at an arbitrary timing. The “arbitrary timing” is, for example, a timing before a charge / discharge schedule is determined. The amount of power generation is obtained from a watt hour meter (not shown) of the power generation device 10. The purchased amount and the sold amount are obtained from the watt hour meter 40. The power consumption is obtained, for example, by subtracting the power sale from the sum of the power purchase and the power generation. The calculation of the power consumption is not limited to the above, and a specific calculation formula may be used as long as the calculation is performed using a predetermined calculation formula in consideration of the power purchase amount, the power generation amount, and the discharge amount from the storage battery. Anything may be used. The receiving unit 53 receives a command including a discharge start time and a discharge end time of the storage battery 20 from the server 60. The control means 54 controls the discharge of the storage battery 20 according to a command from the server 60.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the server 60. The server 60 is a computer device having a CPU (Central Processing @ Unit) 601, a memory 602, a storage 603, and a communication IF (Interface) 604. The CPU 601 is a control device that executes programs to perform various operations and controls other hardware elements of the server 60. The memory 602 is a main storage device that functions as a work area when the CPU 601 executes a program. The storage 603 is a nonvolatile auxiliary storage device that stores various programs and data. The communication IF 604 is a communication device that communicates with another device according to a predetermined communication standard (for example, Ethernet (registered trademark)).

In this example, the storage 603 stores a program for causing the computer device to function as the server 60 in the power control system 1 (hereinafter, referred to as a “server program”). When the CPU 601 executes the server program, the functions of FIG. 2 are implemented in the computer device. At least one of the memory 602 and the storage 603 is an example of the storage unit 61 when the CPU 601 is executing the server program. The CPU 601 is an example of the acquisition unit 62, the acquisition unit 63, the acquisition unit 64, the determination unit 65, the command unit 66, and the acquisition unit 67.

Although not illustrated in detail, the control device 50 includes a microcomputer including a processor, a memory, a storage, and a communication IF. The storage stores a program for causing the microcomputer to function as the control device 50 in the power control system 1 (hereinafter, referred to as a “control program”). The functions of FIG. 2 are implemented in the microcomputer by the processor executing the control program. At least one of the memory and the storage is an example of the storage unit 51 when the processor is executing the control program. The communication IF is an example of the transmission unit 52 and the reception unit 53. The processor is an example of the control unit 54.

2. Operation FIG. 4 is a sequence chart illustrating an operation according to an embodiment of the power control system 1. The sequence in FIG. 4 is started, for example, when a predetermined event occurs. The event that starts the sequence in FIG. 4 is, for example, an event that a predetermined time has arrived. In the following, a functional element such as the acquisition unit 62 is described as a subject of processing, but this is because a hardware element such as the CPU 601 executing a program such as a server program cooperates with other hardware elements. To execute the process.

4. Prior to the processing in FIG. 4, the server 60 determines a target customer (hereinafter, referred to as a “target customer”) among the plurality of customers H included in the power control system 1. The target customers are determined one by one according to a predetermined rule.

に お い て In step S101, the acquisition unit 62 acquires the predicted power generation amount of the target customer. Details are as follows, for example. The acquisition unit 62 first acquires a parameter that defines the power generation amount. As the parameters that define the amount of power generation, for example, the amount of solar radiation and the characteristics of the power generation device 10 (such as loss coefficient and system capacity) are used. More specifically, the acquisition unit 62 receives data from an external server device (for example, a server operated by a business operator or an organization that provides weather forecasts) for 24 hours from midnight to 24:00 tomorrow (this is a “specified period”). ) Is acquired (hereinafter referred to as “weather data”). The weather data includes, for example, data indicating a temporal change of the predicted amount of solar radiation at representative points in various parts of Japan. The acquisition unit 62 applies these parameters to a predetermined calculation formula to calculate a change over time of the predicted power generation amount. The acquisition unit 62 stores the predicted power generation amount obtained by this calculation in the storage unit 61. In calculating the predicted power generation amount, the acquisition unit 62 refers to the past predicted power generation amount and the actual power generation amount, and provides feedback to the prediction logic (calculation formula or coefficient) based on the comparison result (ratio and the like). You may call it.

In step S102, the acquiring unit 63 acquires the predicted power consumption of the target customer. Details are as follows, for example. The acquisition unit 62 acquires a parameter that defines the power consumption. As the parameters that define the power consumption, for example, weather information (predicted temperature), the family structure of the target consumer, the total power consumption of the power load 30, and a seasonal factor are used. The storage unit 61 stores a database in which information on the customer H is recorded, and the acquisition unit 63 obtains data on the family structure and the total power consumption of the target customer from the database. The obtaining unit 63 applies these parameters to a predetermined calculation formula, and calculates a change over time of the predicted power consumption. The acquisition unit 63 stores the predicted power consumption obtained by the calculation in the storage unit 61.

(4) In step S103, the acquisition unit 64 acquires the power procurement price. Procurement price data (hereinafter referred to as “procurement price data”) is provided, for example, by a business or an organization that provides power transaction information (or a predicted value thereof). In one example, the power procurement price is a fixed value of the price change of the next day, which is provided at a predetermined time from the Japan Electric Power Exchange (Japan Electric Power Exchange, JEPX). The procurement price data indicates, for example, a temporal change in the unit price of electricity [yen / kWh]. In one example, the procurement price data represents a price change every predetermined unit period (for example, 30 minutes). The acquisition unit 64 stores the procurement price data in the storage unit 61.

When the cycle of the procurement price data provided by a certain institution does not match the cycle of the control in the power control system 1, the acquisition unit 64 may acquire the procurement price data from a plurality of institutions. . In this case, the procurement price data acquired from a plurality of institutions may have a mixture of the fixed value and the predicted value. For example, in the power control system 1, when the charge / discharge schedule from 4:00 every day to 4:00 the next day is determined at 0:00 every day, the procurement price data provided at a predetermined time every day from the institution X is obtained from 0:00 to 24:00 the next day. If it indicates a price change (determined value), the acquisition means 64 may acquire the procurement price data (predicted value) for the next day from 0:00 to 4:00 from the institution Y different from the institution X.

The server 60 repeatedly executes the processing of steps S101 to S103 while changing the target customers in order. In this way, a set of predicted power generation, predicted power consumption, and procurement price data is prepared for all customers H belonging to the power control system 1.

In step S <b> 104, the transmission unit 52 of the control device 50 of the customer H transmits remaining amount information of the storage battery 20 to the server 60. The process in step S104 is performed when a predetermined event occurs. This event is, for example, an event that a predetermined reference time (for example, midnight every day) has been reached. The remaining amount information includes identification information of the control device 50 (or the customer H) that is the transmission source.

Upon receiving the remaining amount information from the control device 50, the determining means 65 of the server 60 determines a charge / discharge schedule (discharge timing) of the storage battery 20 in the customer H (step S105). In one example, the determining unit 65 refers to the procurement price data and ranks the prices in each unit period from the highest one. The deciding means 65 decides the discharge timing so as to perform the discharge in accordance with the order (that is, in order from the period in which the price is high). In another example, the determination unit 65 refers to the procurement price data and ranks the prices in each unit period from the cheapest. The deciding means 65 decides the charging timing so as to perform the charging in a predetermined time zone (for example, from 21:00 to 3:00 the following day) in accordance with this order (that is, in order from the period in which the price is low). Further, the determining unit 65 determines the discharge timing so as to perform the discharge in a time zone other than the charging period (charging time zone). In still another example, after a predetermined time period elapses (for example, after 3 o'clock), the determining unit 65 sequentially starts from a period with a lower rank (that is, starts from a period with a higher price) until surplus power is generated. The discharge timing is determined so as to perform the discharge. In any of the above cases, the determination unit 65 determines that the ratio of the (average) price at the time of charging to the (average) price at the time of discharging is less than the charging / discharging efficiency of the storage battery 20;
｛(Price during charging) / (Price during discharging)｝ <(Charging / discharging efficiency)
Thus, the charge / discharge schedule may be limited based on the price at the time of charging or discharging.

The determining means 65 may first determine the discharge amount from the remaining amount information. In this case, the determination unit 65 determines the discharge start time and the discharge end time of the storage battery 20 so as to discharge this amount of power from the storage battery 20 and optimize the procurement amount. The determining unit 65 may determine the discharge start time from the remaining amount information (without determining the discharge amount). For example, when the remaining amount indicated by the remaining amount information is equal to or smaller than the threshold, the determining unit 65 may determine not to discharge the storage battery 20. As described above, “determination of discharge timing” includes “determination of not discharging”. The discharge timing of the storage battery 20 is determined for the purpose of minimizing the cost of the power retailer to procure power from the commercial power supply. Hereinafter, the power control in the present embodiment will be described in comparison with the related art.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a power change according to the related art. Here, the power generation amount and the power consumption amount are shown from 0:00 to 24:00 on a certain day. In this example, the highest priority is given to the power generated by the customer H (self-consumption). In a time zone in which the amount of power generation exceeds the amount of power consumption (from about 8:00 to about 16:00 in the example of FIG. 5), for the amount of power generation that exceeds the amount of power consumption (surplus power), the power retail business Sold (electricity sale) to others. In a time zone in which the amount of power generation is lower than the amount of power consumption (in the example of FIG. 5, from 0:00 to 8:00 and from about 16:00 to 24:00), the amount of power consumption that is insufficient for the amount of power generation (insufficient power) (Amount) is purchased (purchased) from an electric power retailer or the like.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the power shortage and the procurement price. Here, the relationship between the power shortage from 12:00 to 24:00 and the procurement price is shown based on the power generation amount and the power consumption amount in the example of FIG. Until time Tt (around 16:00), the amount of power generation exceeds the amount of power consumption, and power purchase is unnecessary. After time Tt, the amount of power generation falls below the amount of power consumption, and power purchase is required. In the example of FIG. 5, the power procurement price was not considered at all. After the time Tt, power purchase is required. In this example, the procurement price is relatively high from 20:00 to 24:00, and if power is purchased during this time, the power procurement cost increases, and the user (the consumer H) ) May be disadvantaged. This embodiment addresses this problem.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating power control according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, control is performed under the following basic guidelines.
(A) For the surplus power, the highest priority is given to charging the storage battery 20 (maximum charging).
(B) Regarding surplus power, selling power is given second priority.
(C) In the case of insufficient power, the top priority is to minimize the procurement amount under predetermined constraints.

In the present embodiment, with respect to the guidelines (A) and (A), when the amount of power generation exceeds the amount of power consumption, the control device 50 supplies surplus power to the storage battery 20 and charges the storage battery 20. In the example of FIG. 7, the storage battery 20 is charged from about 8:00 to about 13:00. When the storage battery 20 is charged to the maximum, the control device 50 sells surplus power. In the example of FIG. 7, surplus power is sold from about 13:00 to about 16:00.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the power shortage and the procurement price. Regarding the guideline (c), the procurement amount per unit time is calculated by the following equation (1).
Procurement amount (unit time amount) = Procurement price (unit price) x Procurement amount ... (1)
Note that while the power supply capacity of the storage battery 20 per unit time exceeds the power shortage per unit time, the procurement amount = the power shortage. If the amount of power shortage per unit time exceeds the power supply capacity of the storage battery 20 per unit time, the procurement amount = the power supply capacity of the storage battery 20 per unit time.

調 達 In the example of FIG. 8, the procurement price between 20:00 and 24:00 is relatively high. Qualitatively, if the power of the storage battery 20 is used without buying power during this time, the total amount of procurement should be able to be suppressed. The deciding means 65 solves the problem of minimizing the total amount of power procurement by maximizing the amount of discharge (suppliable power) of the storage battery 20 according to a predetermined mathematical algorithm. At this time, the determination unit 65 may consider some constraints. The constraints considered here include, for example, the following (a) to (d). (A) The continuous discharge time of the storage battery 20 is at least X minutes. This is to prevent the switching between discharge and non-discharge from being repeated in a short time. (B) The number of on / off switching per unit period (for example, 24 hours) is set to Y times or less. This is also to avoid switching between discharge / non-discharge in a short time. (C) The discharge from the storage battery 20 is not started until a predetermined time elapses after the amount of generated power falls below the amount of power consumption or until the amount of insufficient power per unit time reaches a predetermined value. This is because if the discharge from the storage battery 20 is started before the power shortage is not stable, the switching between the discharge and the non-discharge may be repeated in a short time. (D) Ensure that the remaining amount of the storage battery 20 does not fall below a threshold value (for example, 20%). This is to prevent the storage battery 20 from being deteriorated due to being in a completely discharged state (remaining amount 0%) for a long time.

Refer again to FIG. When the discharge timing is determined, the command unit 66 transmits a command to the control device 50 that is the transmission source of the remaining amount information (Step S106). This command indicates the switching timing (discharge start time and end time) of discharge / non-discharge of the storage battery 20. The receiving means 53 of the control device 50 receives this command. The control unit 54 performs control to switch between discharging and non-discharging of the storage battery 20 according to the received command (step S107).

FIG. 9 shows a table illustrating the control of the charge / discharge schedule. Here, due to the limitation of the drawing size, only the time zone from 15:00 to 22:00 is considered for each hour for convenience. In this table, the time described in the item of “time zone” indicates the beginning of the time zone (unit period). For example, the data in the column of “16:00” indicates values for one hour from 16:00 to 17:00. The procurement price and energy shortage are as shown in the table. The “comparative example” is a virtual example in which the charge / discharge schedule is not controlled according to the present embodiment, and more specifically, an example in which when the power shortage occurs in the customer H, the storage battery 20 is first discharged. “Example” shows a virtual example of controlling the charge / discharge schedule according to the present embodiment. In this example, in both the comparative example and the example, the power storage amount (remaining amount of the storage battery 20) at 16:00 is 4.0 kWh. Further, in both the comparative example and the example, power shortage occurs from 16:00.

In the comparative example, the storage battery 20 is immediately discharged as soon as power shortage occurs. Specifically, 0.5 kWh of electric power is discharged from 16:00 to 17:00, 2.0 kWh of electric power is discharged from 17:00 to 18:00, and 1.5 kWh of electric power is discharged from 18:00 to 19:00. The remaining amount of 20 becomes zero. After 19:00, power is procured by purchasing power. The procurement amount (total) from 19:00 to 22:00 is 93.5 yen.

In the embodiment, priorities are assigned to the unit periods in descending order of the procurement price. In this example,
(1st place) 20: 00-21: 00
(Second place) 21: 00-22: 00
(3rd place) 19: 00-20: 00
(4th place) 16: 00-17: 00
(Omitted below)
It is. The determining means 65 first determines to discharge 1.5 kWh between 20:00 and 21:00. At this time, the remaining amount of the storage battery 20 is 2.5 kWh. Next, the determining means 65 determines to discharge 1.0 kWh between 21:00 and 22:00. At this time, the remaining amount of the storage battery 20 is 1.5 kWh. Further, the determining means 65 determines to discharge 1.0 kWh between 19:00 and 20:00. At this time, the remaining amount of the storage battery 20 is 0.5 kWh. Further, the determining means 65 determines to discharge 0.5 kWh between 16:00 and 17:00. At this point, the remaining amount of the storage battery 20 becomes zero. As a result, the timing at which the storage battery 20 is discharged is determined from 16:00 to 17:00 and from 19:00 to 22:00. According to this schedule, the procurement amount (total) from 16:00 to 22:00 is 44.0 yen. That is, the embodiment has a procurement amount reduction effect of 49.5 yen compared to the comparative example.

3. Modifications The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made. Hereinafter, some modified examples will be described. Two or more of the following modifications may be used in combination.

(4) The method for determining the charge / discharge schedule of the storage battery 20 is not limited to the method exemplified in the embodiment. For example, charging of the storage battery 20 may be started at a timing when the remaining amount of the storage battery 20 falls below a threshold. Alternatively, charging of the storage battery 20 may be started at a timing when the surplus power exceeds a threshold. The charging of the storage battery 20 may be terminated at a timing when the remaining amount of the storage battery 20 exceeds the threshold. According to this example, the deterioration of the storage battery 20 can be suppressed by not being fully charged. Alternatively, the charging of the storage battery 20 may be terminated at a timing when the procurement price of the commercial power exceeds the threshold. Further alternatively, the charging of the storage battery may be started at a timing when the procurement price falls below the threshold value (for example, during a nighttime when the procurement price is low). These conditions may be applied in combination. For example, when the power generation amount is lower than the power consumption amount during a specific period, such as a cloudy day, the control unit 54 sets the procurement price relatively even if the power generation amount is lower than the power consumption amount. The storage battery 20 may be charged during a low time period. According to this example, even if the amount of power generation is insufficient, it is not necessary to purchase power during a time period when the procurement price is high, so that the procurement cost may be reduced as a whole. In this case, the control unit 54 charges the storage battery 20 or charges the storage battery 20 even if the amount of power generation is less than the amount of power consumption, in consideration of the decrease in the amount of power purchased by using the power of the storage battery 20. Alternatively, it may be determined whether to continue power purchase.

(4) When determining the charging / discharging schedule of the storage battery 20, the determining unit 65 may optimize the procurement price in a certain period. Here, the optimization of the procurement price refers to, for example, selecting a time zone where the procurement price is relatively low by discharging from the storage battery 20 during a time zone where the procurement price is high and purchasing power during a time period where the procurement price is low. Means to purchase electricity.

In the embodiment, the example in which the command indicating the discharge timing is transmitted from the server 60 as a response to the remaining amount information received from the control device 50 has been described. This command may be transmitted instead of or in addition to being transmitted as a response to the remaining amount information, in response to a request from the control device 50, or voluntarily from the server 60. For example, the determination of the discharge timing may be performed according to at least one of the following (i) to (n). (I) When the difference between the prediction and the actual measurement is larger than a predetermined value. As an example, a case where the difference between the predicted temperature and the actual temperature becomes larger than a predetermined value. (J) When the change in the expected procurement price becomes larger than a predetermined value. As an example, a case where the unit price was 10 yen in the prediction 24 hours ago, and the unit price doubled in the prediction 2 hours ago is 20 yen. (K) Timing determined according to the season. For example, twice a day every 12 hours in summer and twice a day every 4 hours in winter. (L) Timing according to the result learned from the accumulation of the change in the procurement price or the parameter. For example, increase the number of times per day in winter. (M) When a parameter (for example, expected temperature) that defines the amount of power generation is updated or added. (N) Time determined every day. When the remaining amount information is not used, the server 60 may estimate the remaining amount of the storage battery 20 from weather information or the like of the previous day, or assume a predetermined state of charge such as the storage battery 20 being fully charged. May be.

(4) The correspondence between the functional elements and the hardware elements in the power control system 1 is not limited to the example illustrated in the embodiment. For example, a part of the function described as the function of the server 60 in the embodiment may be implemented in the control device 50. Alternatively, a part of the function described as the function of the server 60 in the embodiment may be implemented in another device on the network. As an example, a device that communicates with the server 60 obtains power generation data from the control device 50 (HEMS), obtains weather information (predicted value) from a device that provides an external service, and uses these information to generate power. An estimate of the amount may be made. The server 60 acquires the predicted power generation amount from this device. As another example, a device that communicates with the server 60 acquires power consumption data (or data on purchased power, generated power, and sold power) from the control device 50 (HEMS), and provides an external service. , Weather information (predicted value) may be acquired from the information, and the power consumption may be predicted using the information. The server 60 acquires the predicted power consumption from this device.

The various programs exemplified in the embodiments may be provided by download via a network such as the Internet, or provided in a state recorded on a recording medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory). You may.

Claims (14)

A computer that controls a system having a power generation device, a storage battery, a power load, and a control device that controls the power generation device, the storage battery, and the power load,
A step of acquiring a predicted power generation amount change indicating a prediction of a time change in a predetermined period of the power generation amount in the power generation device;
A step of acquiring a predicted power consumption change indicating a prediction of a temporal change in the period of the power consumption in the system;
A step of obtaining a price change indicating a time change in the period, of a procurement price when a retailer who sells power to the system procures power,
Using the predicted power generation amount change, the predicted power consumption amount change, and the price change, the discharge start time of the storage battery so as to optimize the procurement price in a time zone when the power generation amount is lower than the power consumption amount. And determining the discharge end time;
Instructing the control device to control the discharge from the storage battery according to the discharge start time and the discharge end time. The price change indicates a change in the procurement price per unit period,
The program according to claim 1, wherein in the determining step, the discharge start time and the discharge end time are determined such that the discharge is performed in order from a unit period in which the procurement price is high. The price change indicates a change in the procurement price per unit period,
In the determining step, a charging period is determined so that charging is performed in order from a unit period in which the procurement price is low, and the discharging start time and the discharging ending time are determined so that discharging is performed in a period other than the charging period. Item 4. The program according to Item 1. The price change indicates a change in the procurement price per unit period,
In the determining step, after a predetermined time period has elapsed, until the power generation amount by the power generation device exceeds the power consumption amount by the power load, the discharging is performed in order from a period in which the procurement price is high. The program according to claim 1, wherein the discharge start time and the discharge end time are determined. The said determination step WHEREIN: The said discharge start time and the said discharge end time are determined so that the ratio of the price at the time of charge and the price at the time of discharge becomes below the charge / discharge efficiency of the said storage battery. The program according to one paragraph. Obtaining the remaining amount of the storage battery at the reference time of the period;
Determining a discharge amount of the storage battery in the period based on the remaining amount,
In the step of determining the discharge start time and the discharge end time, discharging the power of the determined discharge amount from the storage battery, and optimizing the procurement price, the discharge start time of the storage battery and the The program according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the program determines a discharge end time. Obtaining a remaining amount of the storage battery at the reference time of the period,
The program according to claim 1, wherein in the step of determining the discharge start time and the discharge end time, the discharge start time and the discharge end time are determined based on the remaining amount. In the step of determining the discharge start time and the discharge end time, in the time period, the power generation amount of the storage battery in a time zone in which the power generation amount is lower than the power consumption amount so as to optimize the procurement price in the period. The program according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a discharge start time and a discharge end time are determined. In the step of determining the discharge start time and the discharge end time, the discharge of the storage battery is performed so that the storage battery is charged to a maximum during a time period in which the power generation amount exceeds the power consumption amount during the period. The program according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a start time and the discharge end time are determined. The program according to claim 1, further comprising: determining a charging timing of the storage battery using at least one of the predicted power generation amount change, the predicted power consumption amount change, and the price change. A power generation device, a storage battery, a power load, and a computer that controls a system having the power generation device, the storage battery, and the power load,
A predicted power generation change indicating a prediction of a time change in a predetermined period of the power generation amount in the power generation device; a predicted power consumption change indicating a prediction of a time change in the system in a power consumption amount; From the procurement price when a retailer who sells power to procure power, the price change indicating the prediction of the time change during the period, and the remaining amount of the storage battery, the discharge start time and discharge end of the storage battery Transmitting to the server that determines the time the remaining amount of the storage battery at the reference time of the period;
From the server, receiving a command including a discharge start time and a discharge end time of the storage battery,
Controlling the storage battery in accordance with the command. A power generation device, a storage battery, a power load, and a control method for a system including a control device that controls the power generation device, the storage battery, and the power load,
A step of acquiring a predicted power generation amount change indicating a prediction of a time change in a predetermined period of the power generation amount in the power generation device;
A step of acquiring a predicted power consumption change indicating a prediction of a temporal change in the period of the power consumption in the system;
A step of acquiring a price change indicating a prediction of a time change in the period during the procurement price when a retailer who sells power to the system procures power,
Using the predicted power generation amount change, the predicted power consumption amount change, and the price change, the discharge start time of the storage battery so as to optimize the procurement price in a time zone when the power generation amount is lower than the power consumption amount. And determining the discharge end time;
Instructing the control device to control the discharge from the storage battery according to the discharge start time and the discharge end time. A power control system having a power generation device, a storage battery, a power load, and a control device that controls the power generation device, the storage battery, and the power load,
First acquisition means for acquiring a predicted power generation amount change indicating a prediction of a time change in a predetermined period of the power generation amount in the power generation device;
A second acquisition unit configured to acquire a predicted power consumption change indicating a prediction of a temporal change in the period in the power consumption in the power control system;
Third acquisition means for acquiring a price change indicating a prediction of a time change in the period, of a procurement price when a retailer who sells power to the power control system procures power,
Using the predicted power generation amount change, the predicted power consumption amount change, and the price change, the discharge start time of the storage battery so as to optimize the procurement price in a time zone when the power generation amount is lower than the power consumption amount. Determining means for determining a discharge end time; and
Command means for commanding the control device to control discharge from the storage battery according to the discharge start time and the discharge end time. A power generation device, a storage battery, a power load, and a control device that controls a system having the power generation device, the storage battery, and the power load,
A predicted power generation change indicating a prediction of a time change in a predetermined period of the power generation amount in the power generation device; a predicted power consumption change indicating a prediction of a time change in the system in a power consumption amount; From the procurement price when a retailer who sells power to procure power, the price change indicating the prediction of the time change during the period, and the remaining amount of the storage battery, the discharge start time and discharge end of the storage battery Transmitting means for transmitting the remaining amount of the storage battery at the reference time of the period to the server that determines the time;
From the server, receiving means for receiving a command including a discharge start time and a discharge end time of the storage battery,
Control means for controlling the storage battery according to the command.

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