WO2020001221A1 - Combined high-efficiency photo-thermal power station - Google Patents

Abstract

A combined high-efficiency photo-thermal power station, which is a system that performs long-time heat storage and continuously performs photo-thermal power generation by using a high-temperature working medium generated by solar energy, and consists of a sunlight high-heat machine cluster, a super energy storage and steam production component, a thermal power conversion and power generation component, and an auxiliary device which are carried by a full-automatic omni-directional dual-axis accurate sun tracking machine.

Description

Synthetic high-efficiency solar thermal power station Technical field

The invention belongs to the renewable energy field of solar thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a new technology for synthesizing high-efficiency thermal power generation stations.

Background technique

Equipment that currently uses solar thermal power includes tower, dish, trough, and Fresnel. The tower type covers a large area, the reflector is far away from the heat absorption window, the condensing spot is difficult to align, there is a lot of wasted solar energy, the heat storage loss is large, and the cost is high; the dish-type power generation power is small, not easy Taiwan combined high-power generation and difficult to store heat; trough type and Fresnel type are generally single-axis tracking, large tracking error, large sun loss, low heat production efficiency, high cost.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is to solve these problems. It is necessary to invent a high heat generation efficiency in sunlight, not afraid of storm disturbance, convenient and efficient storage of heat for a long time, so that continuous power can be generated day and night, clear, and ultra-large-scale power generation combined with multiple machines, and the cost is greatly reduced. Synthetic high-efficiency CSP plant.

1. A synthetic and high-efficiency solar thermal power station, including a solar high-heat generator group, heat storage steam generating components, thermal energy conversion and power generation components, and auxiliary equipment, which are characterized by:

A. The sunny high heat engine group is composed of multiple sunny high heat engines according to a special connection method;

B. The sunlight high heat engine includes an automatic date-keeping machine component, a condenser lens component, a heat collector component, and a frame component, and the condenser lens component, the heat collector component, and the frame component are all provided by the automatic date synchronization Aircraft

a. The automatic tracking machine is an azimuth and height angle type dual axis automatic tracking machine. The center line of the height angle axis or its extension line and the center line of the azimuth angle line or its extension line form an intersection coincidence point or an approximate intersection coincidence. point;

b. The condenser mounted on the automatic follower is a condenser capable of generating a focal line or a focal band under sunlight. The condenser is a fixed condenser or an automatic avoiding storm condenser. Its cross section is vertical. The section in the direction of the focal line or focal line is two curves or two polylines or two zigzag lines. The zigzag line is a composite line of curves and polylines. The two curves or two polylines or two zigzag lines. Are not connected or connected to each other; the longitudinal section of the condenser lens, that is, the section parallel to the focal line or the direction of the focal band is a straight line; the focal line or focal band divides the condenser lens into two The two condensers are not connected to each other or to each other or partially connected. The condensers located on the same side of the focal line or the focal band, regardless of whether they are connected together, are collectively called coplanar mirrors and condensers. The installation position on the automatic tracking machine must be such that the center line of its focal line or focal belt coincides with or approximately coincides with the center line of the height angle axis of the automatic tracking machine. Therefore, the center line of the focal line or focal belt Or they On one of the extension lines, there must be a point that coincides with or approximately coincides with the intersection of the center line of the altitude axis of the machine and the center line of the azimuth axis. The coincidence point of these three lines is called the three-center coincidence point. The skeleton of the condenser lens is fixedly connected to the carrier of the automatic machine and carried by the automatic machine, and the fixed connection is referred to as fixed connection for short;

c. The collector component is a vacuum tube collector or a cavity collector, and the vacuum tube collector includes a vacuum collector tube, a middle connection tube, a pipe joint and a tube bracket, or a transition tube, and the vacuum collector The heat pipe includes a cover pipe and an inner pipe. The cover pipe is a transparent or nearly transparent sealed pipe. There is a tightly fixed connection between the cover pipe and the outer surface of the inner pipe. Most of the inner pipe is sealed in the cover pipe. This part is called The heat-absorbing section has a heat-absorbing layer on the outside, and there is a vacuum or an approximate vacuum between the inner tube and the wall of the cover tube. The heat collecting tube is unidirectional or bidirectional. The inner tube which is extended to seal the closed end connected to the inside of the cover tube is called a one-way heat collecting tube; the inner tube has openings at both ends and protrudes to both ends of the cover tube. The heat collecting tube formed by the cover tube is called a bidirectional heat collecting tube;

The cavity heat collector includes a cavity heat sink, a middle pipe, a pipe joint and a pipe bracket, or a transition pipe;

The centerline of the tube axis of the heat collecting tube or the centerline of the cavity heat absorber is coincident or approximately coincident with the focal line or focal line centerline of the condenser lens. Therefore, the two The centerline of the tube axis of the one-way collector tube or the extended connecting line must have a point that coincides with or coincides with the three-center coincidence point, forming the coincidence point or approximate coincidence point of the four centers, referred to as four Important point; or on the central axis of the tube axis of the two-way heat collecting tube located on the same sunlight heat engine, there must be a point that coincides with or coincides with the three-center coincidence point, forming the coincidence point or approximate coincidence point of the four centers, Also referred to as the four key points; or, on the centerline of the cavity collector or the extended connecting line thereof located in the same solar heat engine, there must be a point that coincides with or approximates the three-center coincidence point Phase coincidence, which constitutes the coincidence point or approximate coincidence point of the four centers, also referred to as the four key points;

The heat collecting tube or cavity heat sink is supported by a tube support, which is fixedly connected to the carrier of the machine automatically;

The middle connecting pipe is a heat-preserving pipe with two ends open. It is a direct type or a curved type. The positions of its two ends are respectively arranged at the four key points of two adjacent high-temperature heat engines or Adjacent to the four key points, each port of the middle pipe, or directly connected to the corresponding inner tube of the heat collecting tube at or near the corresponding four points of the sunlight heat engine, or indirectly after the transition pipe Connected to the inner pipe, at the connection point between the intermediate pipe and the transition pipe, or at the connection point between the intermediate pipe and the inner pipe of the heat collecting pipe, or with a pipe joint as a medium, or no pipe joint As a medium, the pipe joint is flexible or rigid, and the transition pipe is a heat-preserving pipe that can connect the inner pipe of the heat collecting pipe and the intermediate pipe between the pipe joints at both ends, or can connect the same pipe. The two inner tubes of the heat collecting tube of a sunny high heat engine are connected with the heat preservation tubes;

The direct-connected tube and the curved-connected tube are collectively referred to as the middle-connected tube. The difference or definition between the two is:

The two ports are connected to the intermediate pipes of the adjacent two high-temperature heat collectors of the sun, and the working medium flows from one end to the other port. The intermediate pipe of the section that does not pass through the azimuth axis is called Directly connected to the middle pipe; in the process of working medium flowing from one end to the other end, or long or short section of the road through the azimuth axis of the middle pipe is called Qu Dazhong pipe;

d. The heat collectors of each of the sunlight heat engines in the sunlight heat engine group are connected through a flexible pipe joint or a rigid pipe joint through a connecting pipe according to the above connection method;

C. The heat-storage steam-generating component is referred to as a heat-storage component, which is either a heat-storage heat-exchange integrated steam-storage device, referred to as a heat-storage integrated device, or a heat conduction and phase-change heat-storage or non-phase-change heat-storage and steam-generation The system, referred to as the lead-and-storage total system, is either a non-heat exchange storage production system or a comprehensive storage production component; various storage production components are either placed in the full thermal insulation cavity; or are not placed in the full thermal insulation chamber. Inside the heat preservation cavity; or part of the heat preservation cavity;

D. The full-sided heat-preserving cavity is a heat-preserving cavity that is tightly blocked from all aspects of the heat transfer method. It is a cavity that is either installed below the ground or Some are installed below the ground or above the ground;

E. In the solar high-heat engine group, the middle connecting pipe of the solar high-temperature engine located at the terminal of the cluster closest to the storage component is directly or indirectly connected to the storage component after the fixed pile, and the steam generator of the storage component Connect to the steam injection pipe, the other port of the steam injection pipe, or first to the superheated steam processing equipment for heating, and then to the power components of the power generation equipment for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy. Or directly through the valve and the power components of the power generation equipment that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy; the middle tube of the solar thermal engine located at the other end of the solar thermal engine cluster, that is, the beginning of the cluster, or returned from the storage component The pipeline for conveying the working medium is the circuit pipe connected through the pump or not connected to the pump, or not connected to the circuit pipe and connected to the pump for conveying the working medium.

2. The storage and exchange integrated device is a direct-heating type or an indirect heating type. The direct-heating storage and replacement integrated device includes a heat storage box containing a heat conducting medium and a vapor-liquid working medium referred to as a vapor-liquid working medium. The heat-conducting medium is either installed in a capillary bundle or coil and immersed in the vapor-liquid working medium, or directly surrounds the container containing the vapor-liquid working medium and directly exchanges heat. The heat-conducting medium is fixed on the wall of the heat storage box. The inlet nozzle and the outlet nozzle are also fixedly connected with the inlet nozzle and the outlet nozzle of the vapor-liquid working medium. The so-called nozzle is the pipe joint; the so-called working medium is capable of performing vapor-liquid phase change and performing expansion work. Substance or thermally conductive medium;

The inlet nozzle of the heat conducting medium is directly or indirectly connected through the connecting pipe used and the middle connecting pipe of the sunlight high heat engine which is the closest to the heat storage box, which is the terminal of the cluster. The intermediate pipe is directly or indirectly connected, and the circuit pipeline includes a connecting pipe and a valve and a pipe joint, or also includes a pump; the inlet nozzle of the vapor-liquid working medium is directly or indirectly connected to the preheating equipment through the pipe used. , Its outlet nozzle and the steam injection pipe are connected;

The indirect heat storage and exchange integrated device includes a heat storage box, a phase change heat storage material or a non-phase change heat storage material, a capillary tube or coil of a heat conductive medium, and a steam generator, and the capillary tube or coil of the heat conductive medium is immersed in In the phase change heat storage material, the phase change heat storage material surrounds the steam generator and is connected to it for heat transfer. The wall of the heat storage tank and the nozzle of the inlet pipe and the nozzle of the outlet pipe of the heat transfer medium are respectively fixedly connected. The nozzles of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the heat medium are respectively fixedly connected, and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the heat conducting medium connected to the wall of the heat storage box are directly or indirectly connected to the middle and middle pipes of the solar high-temperature engine group terminal and the beginning, respectively. The inlet pipe of the steam generator connected to the heat storage box is directly or indirectly connected to the preheating equipment. The outlet pipe of the steam generator connected to the heat storage box is a steam injection pipe, and its external port or first The heated superheated steam processing equipment is connected, and then connected with the power components of the power generation equipment that can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy, or directly through the valve pipeline and power generation that can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy. The power components of the equipment are connected.

3. The total guiding and storing system includes a heat conducting medium subsystem, a heat storing material subsystem, a heat exchange device, and a steam generator. The heat conducting medium subsystem includes a heat conducting medium pump, a heat conducting medium box, and a pipeline valve circulation system. The heat conducting medium pump is installed in the pipeline valve circulation system. The first part of the heat conducting medium circulating pipeline is composed of the heat collecting pipes, transition pipes and middle connecting pipes of the solar high heat engine group. The second part is immersed in the phase change heat storage subsystem. The heat-conducting medium is formed by a capillary bundle or a coil, and the third part is composed of a pipeline valve in the heat-conducting medium circuit. The heat-conducting medium circulation pipeline is connected to the heat-conducting medium tank. The heat storage material subsystem includes a heat storage material box, preheating And the heat-conducting medium material immersed in the heat-storage material box, or also includes a circulation pump, the preheater and the heat-conducting medium coil are all connected to the heat-storage material in the heat-storage material box for heat transfer, and the heat-storage material passes heat exchange The device is connected to the steam generator for heat transfer, the inlet pipe of the steam generator is directly or indirectly connected to the preheater, the outer port of the outlet pipe of the steam generator, or First connect with the superheated steam processing equipment for heating, and then connect with the power components of the power generation equipment that can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy, or directly through the valve pipeline and the power generation equipment that can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy The power components are connected, and the steam generator is with or without fins.

4. The non-heat exchange storage production system is cyclic or non-circular. The circulation non-heat exchange storage production system includes a steam storage tank, a liquid circuit pipeline valve, a working medium transfer pump, and a pipeline in a high-temperature solar engine cluster. And valves and high-pressure check valves; non-circulating non-heat exchange storage production systems do not have liquid circuit pipes, but only drain pipes. The tank wall of the steam storage tank has inlet nozzles and outlet nozzles, and Drain nozzle, its inlet nozzle is either directly connected to the inner port of the steam inlet pipe, or indirectly connected to the inner port of the steam pipe through a high pressure check valve, and the outer port of the steam pipe is directly or through a fixed pile Then the indirect connection with the middle terminal of the high-temperature engine of the cluster terminal is connected through a flexible or rigid pipe joint, and the outer port of the steam inlet pipe or the heat collection tube of the high-temperature engine of the cluster terminal is directly flexible or rigid. The pipe joint is connected through, and this pipe joint is located at or near the four key points of the sunlight heat engine at the terminal of the cluster. The outlet nozzle of the steam storage box and one end of the steam injection pipe are connected, and the other end of the steam injection pipe is connected. Or by using After the warm superheated steam processing equipment is connected with the power components of the power generation equipment that can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy, or directly with the power components of power generation equipment that can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy;

The drain nozzle is connected to the inner end of the drain pipe of the non-circulating non-heat exchange storage production system, and the outer end of the drain pipe is connected to the valve; or the drain nozzle is connected to the circulating non-heat exchange The inner end of the liquid circuit tube of the storage system is connected, and the outer end of the liquid circuit tube is directly or indirectly connected to the working fluid conveying pump. Zhonglian pipe is connected;

The integrated storage and production component is an integrated system composed of the two or more types of storage and production components mentioned above to work together or alternately.

5. The all-round heat-preserving cavity is a cavity surrounded by an all-round wall shell in any direction including above and below, and the cavity walls in all directions, including the insulated door or the insulated cover, are all It consists of at least three layers, the inner layer is a mirror, the middle layer is a skeleton plate or bone plate, and the outer layer is a thermal insulation material. In addition to the various wall joints and connections used for the connection, In addition to the nozzle of the pipe, there is also a nozzle or valve for exhausting to generate a vacuum, or there is no such nozzle and valve; in the wall shell of the full heat preservation cavity and the outer wall of its contents In the space, there may be low-pressure gas, or vacuum, or near vacuum, or atmospheric gas. On the floor of this cavity, a heat-insulating support pad for placing objects is installed.

6. The inner pipe of the one-way heat collecting pipe is a double-pipe communicating pipe type, and the communicating end of the communicating pipe-type inner pipe is located within the closed end of the cover pipe, and the open ends of the two branch pipes of the communication pipe extend from the inside of the cover pipe. To the outside of the hood tube; the communicating tube-type inner tube or the inner communicating tube-type inner tube is referred to herein as the inner connecting inner tube or the outer communicating tube-type inner tube is referred to herein as the outer connecting inner tube The internally connected inner tube is one in which two branch tubes are enclosed in the same inner tube. It is formed by inserting a thin tube into a thick branch tube to divide the thick branch tube into two interconnected parts, or in one A thick partition is inserted into the thick branch tube to divide the thick branch tube into two parts that communicate with each other; the externally connected inner tube is that the two branch tubes of the connecting tube are not enclosed in the same inner tube; the one-way collector tube is exposed to high heat in the sun The installation position on the machine must be such that the two open ends of the inner tube of the heat collecting tube are located at or near the four key points of the solar heat engine, and the centerline of the tube axis of the two unidirectional heat collecting tubes installed on a solar heat engine or its connection. Coincides with or approximates the focal line or focal line centerline of the Sunshine Heat Engine In coincidence, the two nozzles of the inner tube of one unidirectional heat collecting tube and the two nozzles of the inner tube of another unidirectional heat collecting tube meet at or near the four points of the same sunlight heat engine, and are connected to each other in combination. , And are respectively indirectly connected or directly connected through the pipe joints of the nozzles of the two intermediate pipes; the intermediate pipes are direct intermediate pipes or curved intermediate pipes.

7. The inner tube of the bidirectional heat collecting tube is straight-through, it is exposed at two ports outside the two ends of the hood tube, and is connected to the two transition tubes indirectly or directly, and the other ends of the two transition tubes They are respectively placed at or near the four key points of the Sunshine Heat Engine, and they are connected indirectly or directly through the pipe joints through the pipe joints;

The two ports of the cavity collector are indirectly or directly connected to two transition tubes, respectively, and the other ends of the two transition tubes are respectively placed at or near the four key points of the sunlight heat engine, respectively. It is indirectly connected with the two intermediate pipes through the pipe joint or directly.

The condensing mirror for automatically avoiding the storm is composed of a double-connected mirror plate unit or a triple-connected mirror plate unit, and the double-connected mirror plate unit includes a main mirror shaft, an attached mirror shaft, a main mirror plate of a condenser lens, and an attached mirror. Plate, spring, and stopper, or further including a shock absorber, the main mirror axis is connected to the frame along a direction parallel to the focal line or the focal band, and the main mirror plate and the auxiliary mirror plate pass directly through the auxiliary mirror shaft and The spring hinges them to form a mirror plate unit. The main mirror plate in this mirror plate unit is hinged to the main mirror axis, so that the auxiliary mirror axis and the main mirror axis are parallel, and the center line of the main mirror axis reaches the mirror plate. The distance between the two sides of the unit is not equal, that is, the mirror plate is formed into an off-axis structure to form a condenser lens unit; the distance from the outer edge of the attached mirror plate that can only rotate in a single direction to the centerline of the main mirror axis is greater than the distance from the main mirror plate The distance from the edge to the center line of the main mirror axis, the correct working position of each condenser unit is positioned by a spring and a stopper.

8. The triple-mirror plate windshield includes a main mirror plate and two auxiliary mirror plates, a main mirror axis and two auxiliary mirror axes, and a spring and a stopper. The main mirror axis is parallel to the focal line or focal length. The direction of the belt is connected to the frame, the main mirror plate is hinged on the main mirror shaft, and it is maintained in a correct working state by springs and limiters. Attach the mirror shafts on both sides of the main mirror plate, and the two mirror plates are hinged respectively. On the attached mirror shaft on both sides of the main mirror plate, the correct working state of the attached mirror plate is maintained by a spring and a stopper. The two attached mirror shafts and the main mirror shaft are parallel or approximately parallel to each other.

9. The shock absorber is a pneumatic shock absorber, or a hydraulic shock absorber, or an elastic shock absorber. The pneumatic shock absorber includes a slide cavity and a piston connected thereto. The piston is inserted into the slide cavity, and there is a small on the slide cavity. Holes, small holes have shutters, shutters and sliding cavity movable links, the piston and the sliding cavity are respectively mounted on the hinge and the hinged part, with the hinge axis as the torque center;

The hydraulic shock absorber uses a mandrel fixed to the hinge as the hinge shaft, or a rotating shaft fixed to the hinge as the hinge shaft, and the mandrel fixed to the hinge as the hinge shaft. The hydraulic shock absorber includes a cavity shell, a baffle, a shutter, and a valve supporting shell and a mandrel. The baffle is fixed to the mandrel fixedly connected to the bearing hinge. The cavity shell is passed on the mandrel and is statically sealed with the mandrel. Connection, the cavity shell includes a baffle and a part of the shutter support shell, the part of the contained shutter support shell is in a sealed connection with the cavity shell, and the valve is movably connected with the shutter support shell, and the shutter support shell is used as the carrier, the shutter and the baffle The space sandwiched between them can be expanded or contracted, and the valve supporting shell and the hinge are fixedly connected, so as to be dynamically sealed with the mandrel, and a working medium is filled between the cavity shell and the mandrel and the valve supporting shell;

A hydraulic shock absorber using a hinge fixed to a hinge as a hinge includes a cavity shell, a baffle, a shutter and a valve supporting shell, and a rotating shaft. The cavity shell and the damping are fixed to the rotating shaft, and the valve supporting shell carrying the valve is hinged with the bearing The stationary cavity shell including the baffle and a part of the shutter support shell is now turned into a rotating cavity shell and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft to form a static seal, while the shutter support shell still constitutes a dynamic seal. The working medium is filled between the rotating shaft and the valve support shell.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a front view of a sunlight heating machine equipped with a sleeve type unidirectional heat collecting tube;

Figure 2 is a top view of Figure 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of an automatic storm avoidance type solar heat engine equipped with a sleeve type unidirectional heat collecting tube and a double mirror unit;

Figure 4 is a top view of Figure 3;

FIG. 5 is a front view of an automatic windshield type solar heat engine equipped with a plug-in type one-way heat collecting tube and a triple mirror unit;

Figure 6 is a top view of Figure 5;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a non-circulating non-heat exchange storage production system with a curved pipe;

8 is a circulation system diagram of the first type of direct-heating storage-exchange integrated device;

9 is a circulation system diagram of the second type of direct-heating storage-exchange integrated device;

10 is a front view of a straight-through bidirectional heat collecting tube and a circulation type non-heat exchange storage system;

FIG. 11 is a front view of the inter-heat storage-replacement integrated device; FIG.

FIG. 12 is a front view of an automatic storm-shielding solar heat engine equipped with an externally connected heat collecting tube and a triple mirror unit;

13 is a plan view of FIG. 12;

14 (a) and 14 (b) are a front view and a sectional view of a cavity-type heat collector, respectively;

15 is a sectional view of a pneumatic shock absorber;

16 (a) and 16 (b) are cross-sectional views of two combined forms of the hydraulic shock absorber, respectively.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described from the listed embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is an azimuth axis automatically connected to the daily machine, which is connected to the base 14. Reference numeral 2 is an automatic time machine, and reference numeral 3 is a condenser lens, and reference numeral 4 is Automatically follow the height angle axis of the machine. Reference number 5 is the carrier of the automatic date machine. It can carry all the devices that need to track the sun. Reference number 6 is the tube bracket of the collector. Reference number 7 is the set. The transparent cover tube of the heat pipe, reference numeral 8 is a thin tube that is an inner connecting tube type inner tube, one end of which is immersed in the working medium of the thick branch pipe 10, and the other end extends out of the thick branch pipe and directly reaches the middle joint. The pipe 11 is connected through; the thick branch pipe and the thin branch pipe have a tightly sealed connection. Reference numeral 9 is a top link between the two condensers. Reference numeral 11 is a direct intermediate pipe or a curved intermediate pipe for Connect the collectors of two adjacent solar heat engines, and the pipe joints at both ends are respectively located at or near the four points of the adjacent solar heat engine. Therefore, the intermediate pipe can be separated by cheap ordinary steel pipes. Made of hot material. Flexible joints are available at the joints. Reference numeral 12 is a frame, reference numeral 13 is a U-shaped support plate that automatically follows the daily machine, and is fixedly connected to the carrier and the height angle axis. Reference numeral 14 is a base.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 15 is the tail of the heat collecting tube, that is, the closed end, and it is placed on the pipe support 6. Reference numeral 16 is a connecting pipe between two thick branch pipes, also called a transition pipe. The meaning of the labels is the same as in FIG. 1.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 is an automatic azimuth axis of the Japanese machine, reference numeral 2 is an automatic azimuth axis of the machine, reference numeral 3 represents all attached lenses of the condenser, and reference numeral 4 is an automatic angle of the machine. Shaft, reference numeral 5 is the carrier, reference numeral 6 is the tube holder of the heat collector, reference numeral 7 is the transparent cover tube of the heat collector tube, and reference numeral 8 is a branch of the inner tube type A thin tube used to connect the inner tube of the heat collecting tube and the intermediate tube. Reference numeral 27 is a stopper, which is used to keep the condenser lens in a correct working state against the elastic force. Reference numeral 9 is the two condenser lenses. The top link that is connected together, reference numeral 10 is the thick branch pipe of the inner tube, reference numeral 28 is the main mirror plate of the condenser, and reference numeral 11 is the middle connecting pipe, which is used to connect the two adjacent sunlight heat engines. The collector is connected, and its two ends are respectively connected with the transition tube or the collector core of each sun high heat engine with flexible pipe joints at or near the four key points of each machine. Reference numeral 29 is the main Spring, it is best to use a torsion spring. One end of the torsion spring is pressed against the main mirror plate, and the other end is pressed against the frame. Reference numeral 30 Is the main mirror axis, used to articulate the condenser lens on the frame fixed to the frame, reference numeral 31 is the attached mirror axis, which is used to hinge the auxiliary mirror represented by the attached mirror 3 to the main mirror plate through the attached mirror axis On the other hand, one end of the torsion spring 18 is pressed against the main mirror plate, and the other end is pressed on the attached mirror plate. Therefore, it can be set that when the wind blows from top to bottom during a storm, the wind resists the Force the auxiliary mirror plate to turn downwards, because the elastic force of the attached spring is slightly weaker than the main spring, so when the auxiliary mirror plate is turned downwind, the area of the lower part of the main mirror plate at the axis of the main mirror becomes smaller, The area above the shaft is large, so it is subject to wind. Therefore, the main mirror plate will be turned clockwise all the way close to the downwind direction to minimize the impact of wind to avoid damaging the condenser lens and the entire machine. After the storm, the main mirror and attached mirror are restored by the elastic force and the force of the stopper 27. Correct working condition. Because the elastic force is very strong, in order to avoid the main and auxiliary mirrors from returning to their original positions, they will not be damaged. Therefore, shock absorbers should be installed on the main and auxiliary mirror shafts. Figure 3 shows that when the storm is blowing from the bottom to the top, the attached mirror cannot rotate upwards, and the main and attached mirrors become a whole, which is a coplanar mirror. Their area below the main mirror axis is greater than above the main mirror axis. Area, so the storm will cause this coplanar mirror to still rotate clockwise until the location where the wind is less affected. After the storm, the spring and stopper reset the coplanar mirror. Reference numeral 13 in FIG. 3 is a U-shaped bracket for automatic follow-up machine, which is fixedly connected to the height angle shaft 4 for fixing to the carrier. Reference numeral 19 is a frame fixed to the rack. Reference numeral 12 is a rack, and reference numeral 14 is a base.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 15 is a tail portion of the heat collecting pipe fixedly connected to the pipe support 6, reference numeral 23 is a transition pipe and a pipe joint connecting two thin branch pipes, and reference numeral 27 is a stopper. Reference numeral 12 is a frame, reference numeral 24 is an upper end surface of the condenser lens, reference numeral 25 is a flexible pipe joint between a thick branch pipe of the heat collecting pipe and the intermediate pipe 11, and reference numeral 26 is a main mirror plate 28 and Its mirrored seams.

In FIG. 5, the meanings of reference numerals 1 to 7 are the same as those in FIG. 3, and are not repeated. Reference numeral 8 is the insert plate of the insert-type inner tube, reference numeral 20 is a frame of the condenser, and reference numeral 9. It is a top connecting rod. Reference numeral 10 is a thick branch pipe of an inner tube. The partition plate 100 divides it into two communicating pipes. The closed communicating end is sealed in the cover pipe. The separated two pipe openings expose the cover. Outside the tube, reference numeral 18 is the attached torsion spring of the attached mirror, and reference numeral 21 is the attached to the mirror plate, which is hinged to the frame 22 of the main mirror plate 28 through the attached mirror shaft 31. It can only be turned upwards. The mirror shaft 31 is connected to the frame of the main mirror, reference numeral 11 is a middle connecting pipe, reference numeral 29 is a main spring, reference numeral 30 is a main mirror shaft, reference numeral 27 is a stopper, and reference numeral 17 is below With a mirror shaft, reference numeral 13 is a U-shaped support plate, which is fixedly connected to the height angle axis and the carrier. Reference numeral 17 ′ is a lower attached mirror spring, and reference numeral 33 is a mirror support frame connected to the frame. Reference numeral 12 is a frame, and the rotation directions of the upper and lower attached mirrors are the same. No matter where the storm blows from, there is always an attached mirror that rotates and causes an eccentric moment to achieve wind shelter.

FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 15 is a tail portion of the heat collecting pipe, which is fixedly connected to the pipe support 6. Reference numeral 34 is a middle pipe and two heat collecting pipes each having a branch pipe. The flexible pipe joint between the connecting pipes 35, the reference numerals 35 and 36 are four branch pipes protruding from the inner pipe of two heat collecting pipes of the same sunlight high heat engine. A connecting pipe is a transition pipe. Reference numeral 37 is a three-way pipe joint, which connects the intermediate pipe port and two transition pipes of the two inner tubes of the heat collecting pipe at the same time. This connection method makes the port of the intermediate pipe closer to the four points. 38 is the seam of the mirror plate.

Fig. 7 is a front view of a non-circulating non-heat-exchanging production system using a curved pipe in the middle. In FIG. 7, the interconnection of two sunlight high-temperature engines at the terminal of the cluster and the structure of the storage components are shown. In the figure, reference numeral 2 is an automatic tracking machine, reference numeral 13 is a U-shaped support plate fixedly connected to the carrier, reference numeral 5 is the carrier, and reference numeral 16 is two unidirectional heat collecting tubes 88. The transitional connecting pipe of the two branch pipes, the reference numeral 10 is an inner pipe protruding from the port of the one-way heat collecting pipe 88, the three reference numerals 90 represent three curved middle pipes of different shapes, and the reference numeral 39 is Is a cut surface of a coplanar condenser lens plate, reference numeral 9 is a top link, reference numeral 53 is a valve, and reference numeral 42 is a steam inlet pipe, one end of which is connected through a valve 53 and a middle pipe 90, and One end is connected to a storage tank 43 through a high-pressure check valve (not shown), and reference numeral 44 is a low-pressure gas or vacuum between the storage tank 43 and the reflector 45 of the full heat preservation cavity. Reference numeral 56 is a skeleton plate of a full heat preservation cavity, and reference numeral 46 is a drain pipe of a storage tank. Since high-pressure steam will inevitably condense a part of the liquid in some cases, it needs to be periodically discharged. Reference numeral 47 is a steam injection pipe, one end of which is connected to a storage tank, and the other end is directly or indirectly connected to a power component of a power generating device capable of converting thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy through a valve. Reference numeral 45 is a reflecting mirror for reflecting back the infrared radiation radiated from the storage box, reference numeral 48 is a thermal insulation layer, reference numeral 49 is soil or sand, and the soil or sand 49 and the insulation layer There is an air gap between 48. Reference numeral 50 is another coplanar mirror that is symmetrical to the coplanar mirror 39. Reference numeral 4 is an automatic angle axis of the Japanese machine. Reference numeral 1 is an automatic angle axis of the Japanese machine. It is fixed to the base. Reference numeral 91 is a pipe joint, and reference numeral 88 is a one-way heat collecting pipe. Reference numeral 8 is another branch pipe of the inner tube of the heat collecting pipe, and reference numeral 96 is a joint between the heat insulation door 95 and the main body of the full heat preservation cavity. Reference numeral 41 is a pipe coupling in which the inlet pipe and the connecting pipe of Quda are sealed and connected.

Fig. 8 is a circulation system diagram of the first type of direct-heating storage-exchange integrated device. Sunshine high-heat engine group heats the heat-conducting medium, such as heat-conducting oil, and then flows into the heat storage box 51 of the storage and exchange unit for heat exchange. The steam generator 52 is heated to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam, which is ejected from the steam pipe 47 Work. In FIG. 8, the meanings of the parts designated by reference numeral 1 to reference numeral 9 are the same as those of FIG. 7. Reference numeral 42 is an oil inlet pipe of heat-conducting medium oil, reference numeral 47 is a steam injection pipe of a steam generator 52, reference numeral 53 is a valve, reference numeral 55 is a valve of an oil inlet pipe, and reference numeral 56 is a full square. The skeleton plate of the heat preservation cavity, which is the carrier of the heat insulation layer 48 and the reflector 45, is a strong, pressure-resistant and sealed plate layer. Reference numeral 57 is the heat insulation support pad of the storage and exchange unit. 58 is a heat-conducting medium, such as heat-conducting oil, stored in the heat-storage tank 51 of the storage-exchange unit. Reference numeral 59 is a liquid inlet pipe of the steam generator in the storage-exchange unit, and its outer end is connected to the preheater. Reference numeral 52 is a steam generator, which is a vapor-liquid mixture heated by a heat conductive medium, reference numeral 41 is a branch pile, reference numeral 40 is a pipe joint of a middle pipe, and reference numeral 50 is a coplanar mirror. 39 Another symmetrical coplanar mirror, reference numeral 60 is a liquid return pipe of a heat-conducting medium, such as heat-conducting oil, reference numeral 4 is an automatic angle axis with the Japanese machine, and reference numeral 1 is an automatic lens machine. Angular axis, reference numeral 61 is the sunlight high heat engine at the beginning of the cluster, reference numeral 13 is a U-shaped support plate, reference numeral 5 Carrier rack, reference numeral 62 is a heat transfer medium, for example thermal oil transfer pump, and reference numeral 63 is a whole side heat retention chamber and exhaust valves. Reference numeral 96 is a seam of the heat insulation door 95 and the main body of the full heat preservation cavity. Reference numeral 44 is a vacuum or low-pressure gas.

FIG. 9 is a circulation system diagram of the second type of direct-heating storage-exchange integrated device. It is different from FIG. 8 in that the shape and structure of the full heat preservation cavity are different. The names and functions are basically the same as those in FIG. 8, except that the heat insulation door 95 in FIG. 8 is replaced with a heat insulation cover 98 and the door seam 96 is replaced with a cover seam 99 in FIG. 9. The full heat-retaining cavity in FIG. 9 is a circular tube, and there is a vacuum or near a vacuum between the wall of the full heat-retaining cavity and the storage-replacement integrated device therein, as shown by reference numeral 44 for holding air. Elimination of convective heat transfer. The skeleton plate, the reflector and the heat-insulating material in the wall shell of the fully sealed thermal insulation cavity are composed of the upper and lower halves or two parts of the tube closed at both ends. The tubular skeleton plate is generally a high-pressure resistant steel plate. .

FIG. 10 is a diagram of a straight-through bidirectional heat collecting tube and a circulation type non-heat exchange storage production system. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 13 is a U-shaped support plate, reference numeral 5 is a carrier, reference numeral 62 is a working fluid conveying pump, and reference numeral 66 is a straight-through two-way heat collecting tube. The two ends of the tube protrude from the ends of its cover tube and are connected to the outer ports of the transition tube. The other end of the tube is connected to the transition tube 16 and the middle connection tube 11 in the figure. The transition tube 16 is wrapped in the partition. In the thermal material, reference numeral 39 is a cut surface of the coplanar condenser lens plate, reference numeral 9 is a top link, and reference numeral 40 is a flexible pipe joint of the intermediate pipe, which is used to connect the intermediate pipe to the fixed On the branch 41, the reference numeral 42 is the steam inlet pipe. The upper end of the branch is connected to the pipe joint of the intermediate pipe on the branch. The lower end is connected to the steam storage tank 43 through the high-pressure check valve 55 and attached to the steam storage tank 43. Reference numeral 47 is a steam injection pipe, reference numeral 53 is a valve, and reference numeral 56 is a skeleton plate of a full heat preservation cavity, which forms a solid sealed cavity capable of withstanding pressure, all passing through the wall of the full heat preservation cavity. The pipe entering or exiting is fixedly connected to it. Reference numeral 57 is the insulating support pad of the full heat preservation cavity, and reference numeral 43 is steam. Out of the box, reference numeral 45 is a reflector, which uses a skeleton plate 56 as a carrier, reference numeral 68 is a layer of thermal insulation material, which uses a skeleton plate 56 as a carrier, and reference numeral 49 is soil that surrounds the entire heat preservation cavity. Or sandstone, reference numeral 50 is another coplanar mirror symmetrical to coplanar mirror 39, and reference numeral 60 is a liquid return pipe, one end of which is connected to the lower part of the steam storage box, and the steam storage box is also playing. The function of the vapor-liquid separator is that the saturated steam, often a vapor-liquid mixture, entering the steam storage tank 43 from the steam inlet pipe 42 may enter the steam storage tank, and the liquid sinks and the steam is ejected. The other end of the liquid return pipe is connected to the working fluid conveying pump 62. The working fluid conveying pump 62 drives the liquid return into the middle or transition pipe of the sunlight heat machine 61 at the beginning of the cluster, and reheats it through the heat collecting pipe. Reference numeral 4 is an automatic following machine height angle axis, and reference numeral 1 is an automatic following machine angle axis.

FIG. 11 is a front view of an indirect heating type heat storage and heat exchange steam generating integrated device referred to as an indirect heating type heat storage integrated storage device. Reference numeral 1101 is a cavity of a full heat preservation cavity. It is installed in the ground. On its cavity wall, various nozzles of pipes that need to pass through the cavity wall are installed. Reference numeral 57 is an integrated storage and replacement unit. 1108 insulation pad, reference numeral 1103 is the pillar of the full heat preservation cavity, reference numeral 49 is gravel soil, reference numeral 59 is a preheating feed pipe of the steam generator 52, and reference numeral 99 is The seam of the cavity cover 98 of the full heat preservation cavity, reference numeral 1108 is an indirect thermal storage and replacement device, reference numeral 1109 is a fin of a steam generator, and reference numeral 1110 is immersed in a heat storage material. The heat-conducting capillary bundle is in communication with the inlet pipe 1113 and the outlet pipe 1124. The reference numeral 1111 is the inlet pipe of the heat storage material, the reference numeral 52 is a steam generator or a high-temperature gas heater, and the reference numeral 1113 is heat conduction. An inlet pipe for a medium such as thermal oil or a supercritical gas, reference numeral 62 is a pump, reference numeral 1115 is an inlet nozzle, and reference numeral 47 is a steam injection pipe. The high-pressure steam emitted by it passes through a valve, or passes through. Superheated steam processing equipment used to heat up, and then enter into the machine Energy and power components of electrical energy; after valve or directly into the power member can become heat and mechanical energy in electric energy. Reference numeral 63 is an exhaust pipe for generating a vacuum interlayer 44 and reference numeral 53 is a valve. Reference numeral 1119 is a working medium, reference numeral 1120 is a heat storage material outlet pipe, reference numeral 64 is a vacuum, reference numeral 1122 is a heat transfer medium outlet pipe joint, and reference numeral 1123 is a phase change heat storage material such as molten salt. Or a non-phase change heat storage material, reference numeral 1124 is a heat conducting medium outlet pipe.

From Fig. 7 to Fig. 11, each of them can constitute a different kind of synthetic high-efficiency CSP station.

FIG. 12 is a front view of an automatic storm avoidance type solar heat generator equipped with an externally connected heat collecting tube and a triple mirror unit, and FIG. 13 is a plan view thereof. In FIG. 12, the meanings from the reference numerals 1 to 7 and that of FIG. 5 the same. Mark 93 is the left branch of the inner tube of the externally connected heat collecting tube, mark 9 is the top link, and mark 94 is the right branch of the inner tube of the externally connected heat collecting tube. The remaining marks in FIG. 12 are the same as those shown in FIG. 5.

In FIG. 13, reference numeral 93 is the left branch of the inner tube of the externally connected heat collecting pipe, and the reference numeral is the right branch thereof. All other marks in the figure have the same meanings as those in FIG. 6.

14 (a) and 14 (b) are a front view and a cross-sectional view of a cavity-type heat collector, respectively. In FIG. 14 (a), reference numeral 1401 is a nozzle of a cavity absorber, reference numeral 1402 is a transition pipe of a cavity type heat collector, and reference numeral 1403 is a middle connection pipe of the cavity type heat collector. Reference numeral 1404 is a flexible pipe joint, and reference numeral 1405 is a cavity absorber, which is the main body of the cavity-type heat collector. In FIG. 14 (b), reference numeral 1406 is the heat retention of the cavity absorber. Material, reference numeral 1407 is its working medium, and reference numeral 1408 is its heat-absorbing coating. After the focused beam enters the cavity absorber from the opening, it can make full use of sunlight due to repeated absorption and reflection, but Its heat loss is greater than that of the vacuum tube.

FIG. 15 is a pneumatic shock absorber that can be used for an articulated condenser lens, reference numeral 77 is a slide cavity serving as a hinge joint, reference numeral 78 is a hole for fixing the slide cavity of the hinge joint, and reference numeral 79 is a piston. Reference numeral 80 is a rotating shaft, reference numeral 81 is a screw hole fixing the piston on the rotating shaft, the piston is a hinge, C is a valve, and FIG. 15 is a state when the storm indirectly forces the rotating shaft to rotate clockwise, and when the storm stops After that, the return spring will force the rotation shaft to reset in the counterclockwise direction. At this time, the piston is rotated into the slide chamber, and the valve is closed to leave a slight gap. The air pressure forces the piston 79 to slowly enter the slide chamber 77 to achieve the purpose of shock absorption.

Fig. 16 (a) is a hydraulic shock absorber. In the figure, reference numeral 82 is a baffle fixed to the mandrel 83, the mandrel 83 is fixed to the frame 12, reference numeral 84 is a cavity shell made statically sealed with the mandrel 83, and reference numeral 86 is and The shutter support shell 85 is made into a movable connection shutter. The shutter support shell 85 is fixedly connected to the condenser frame 20. The condenser mirror frame 20 and the shutter support shell 85 together with the mandrel 83 and the cavity shell 84 are dynamically sealed. The working medium is injected into the cavity formed by the shutter support 85 and the mandrel 83. When the condenser lens and its frame encounter a destructive storm and rotate together with the condenser to avoid wind, the shutter 86 is opened, the working medium flows backward and rotates almost There is no resistance. When the condensing lens frame 1 is reversed by the force of the reset spring after the storm, the shutter 86 is closed to prevent rotation. When the working medium slowly flows out from the gap, the condenser is allowed to slowly reset to avoid vibration.

Fig. 16 (b) is another assembly form of Fig. 16 (a). In the figure, reference numeral 82 is a baffle plate, which is fixedly connected to the hinge shaft 87, but the hinge shaft is a rotating shaft instead of a mandrel. The hinge shaft 87 and the cavity shell 84 are fixedly connected and still made into a static seal. The hinge shaft 87 At the same time, it is fixedly connected with the condenser frame 20. When the condenser rotates to avoid the storm, it rotates with the condenser frame. It forms a movable connection with the frame 12, and the shutter 86 is hinged on the shutter support 85. The shutter support and the rack together It forms a dynamic seal with the hinge shaft 87 and the cavity shell 84, and a working medium is injected into the cavity composed of the cavity shell 84, the shutter support shell 85 and the hinge shaft 87. The mechanism of the condenser frame 20 is fast turning to avoid storms, and the mechanism of slow reverse when resetting is the same as above.

Because the present invention cleverly designs and utilizes four points, that is, the points where the four centers overlap (hence the name Synthetic Efficient CSP Station). Therefore, when the automatic and Japanese-machine dual-axis accurate and comprehensive tracking of the sun does not cause large swings in the intermediate pipe, the transition pipe and the intermediate pipe can be made of cheap and high-pressure rigid materials. Since the pipe is basically fixed, It is convenient to add heat-retaining material around the middle-connected pipe and reach the middle-connected pipe directly. Because the pipeline is straight and short, it is easier to maintain heat and greatly reduce heat loss. The Qu Dazhong connecting pipe does not cause obstacles when the double shaft and the Japanese machine are running. Therefore, each sun high heat engine can be arranged into an arbitrary lattice that does not block the sun each other; the direct connecting pipe cannot. The Qu Dazhong connecting pipe can also be buried in the ground for better heat preservation. In the present invention, the heat storage steam generating equipment is stored in the underground full heat preservation cavity. This structure of the heat storage component is the most reasonable, because it blocks the three ways of heat loss, namely radiation, conduction and convection. . Therefore, the heat storage time is greatly extended and the power can be generated day and night, which can avoid the discontinuity of photovoltaic power generation, the impact on the large power grid, and the continuous decline in efficiency.

According to the claims of the present invention, more embodiments can be made than the above, which all belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Advantages of the invention:

1. Dual-axis accurate tracking of the sun, high light-to-heat conversion efficiency. Compared with the trough-type and Fresnel-type single-axis tracking sun, the lighting surface of the present invention is always perpendicular to the sun's rays, which can save the condenser lens and cost.

2. The middle-connected pipe of the present invention is used to connect various solar heat generators, which is convenient for the construction of ultra-large-scale solar thermal power stations, and has good heat preservation.

3. It is convenient to install the heat storage components in the underground full heat preservation cavity, which can store heat on a large scale and greatly extend the heat storage time.

4. It can perform continuous power generation day and night, avoiding the discontinuity of photovoltaic power generation and the impact of fluctuation on the power grid.

5. It overcomes the problems of dish-type solar thermal power generation that cannot store heat and cannot connect multiple units to continuously increase heat, so it cannot establish large-scale solar thermal power generation.

6. The CSP plant can use the low-cost one-way heat collector tube invented by me, and its cost is far less than the cost of the two-way collector tube used in the trough-type or Fresnel-type CSP station.

7. Since the present invention can use the constant-moment precise tracking machine invented by me to carry each sunlight high heat engine, it can realize the automatic tracking of the sun with a large load and high precision and ultra-low power consumption, so the concentration ratio can be very high, so that the thermoelectric conversion The efficiency can be very high, while the cost of a solar heat engine is low.

8. Compared with the tower-type solar thermal power station, the present invention can save the number of condensers and ground area, and the cost of building a station is greatly reduced due to the accurate tracking and short focal length, which does not waste sunlight.

9. To a certain extent, it can replace coal or oil-fired thermal power generation, reduce haze and carbon dioxide emissions, protect the environment and human health, and save energy.

Claims (9)

A synthetic high-efficiency solar thermal power station includes a solar high-heat generator group, heat storage steam generating components, thermal energy conversion and power generation components, and auxiliary equipment, which are characterized by: A. The sunny high heat engine group is composed of multiple sunny high heat engines according to a special connection method; B. The sunlight high heat engine includes an automatic date-keeping machine component, a condenser lens component, a heat collector component, and a frame component, and the condenser lens component, the heat collector component, and the frame component are all provided by the automatic date synchronization Aircraft a. The automatic tracking machine is an azimuth and height angle type dual axis automatic tracking machine. The center line of the height angle axis or its extension line and the center line of the azimuth angle line or its extension line form an intersection coincidence point or an approximate intersection coincidence. point; b. The condenser mounted on the automatic follower is a condenser capable of generating a focal line or a focal band under sunlight. The condenser is a fixed condenser or an automatic avoiding storm condenser. Its cross section is vertical. The section in the direction of the focal line or focal line is two curves or two polylines or two zigzag lines. The zigzag line is a composite line of curves and polylines. The two curves or two polylines or two zigzag lines. Are not connected or connected to each other; the longitudinal section of the condenser lens, that is, the section parallel to the focal line or the direction of the focal band is a straight line; the focal line or focal band divides the condenser lens into two The two condensers are not connected to each other or to each other or partially connected. The condensers located on the same side of the focal line or the focal band, regardless of whether they are connected together, are collectively called coplanar mirrors and condensers. The installation position on the automatic tracking machine must be such that the center line of its focal line or focal belt coincides with or approximately coincides with the center line of the height angle axis of the automatic tracking machine. Therefore, the center line of the focal line or focal belt Or they On one of the extension lines, there must be a point that coincides with or approximately coincides with the intersection of the center line of the altitude axis of the machine and the center line of the azimuth axis. The coincidence point of these three lines is called the three-center coincidence point. The skeleton of the condenser lens is fixedly connected to the carrier of the automatic machine and carried by the automatic machine, and the fixed connection is referred to as fixed connection for short; c. The collector component is a vacuum tube collector or a cavity collector, and the vacuum tube collector includes a vacuum collector tube, a middle connection tube, a pipe joint and a tube bracket, or a transition tube, and the vacuum collector The heat pipe is referred to as a heat collecting tube, which includes a cover tube and an inner tube. The cover tube is a transparent or nearly transparent sealed tube. There is a tightly fixed connection between the cover tube and the outer surface of the inner tube. Most of the inner tube is sealed to the cover. This part of the tube is called a heat absorption section, and its surface has a heat absorption layer. There is a vacuum or approximate vacuum between the inner tube and the wall of the cover tube. The heat collecting tube is unidirectional or bidirectional. The inner tube that protrudes from the same end of the cover tube and seals the closed end connected to the inside of the cover tube. The heat collecting tube formed with the cover tube is called a one-way heat collecting tube; there are openings at both ends and each extends to the ends of the cover tube. The heat collecting tube formed by the outer inner tube and the cover tube is called a bidirectional heat collecting tube; The cavity heat collector includes a cavity heat sink, a middle pipe, a pipe joint and a pipe bracket, or a transition pipe; The centerline of the tube axis of the heat collecting tube or the centerline of the cavity heat absorber is coincident or approximately coincident with the focal line or focal line centerline of the condenser lens. Therefore, the two The centerline of the tube axis of the one-way collector tube or the extended connecting line must have a point that coincides with or coincides with the three-center coincidence point, forming the coincidence point or approximate coincidence point of the four centers, referred to as four Important point; or on the central axis of the tube axis of the two-way heat collecting tube located on the same sunlight heat engine, there must be a point that coincides with or coincides with the three-center coincidence point, forming the coincidence point or approximate coincidence point of the four centers, Also referred to as the four key points; or, on the centerline of the cavity collector or the extended connecting line thereof located in the same solar heat engine, there must be a point that coincides with or approximates the three-center coincidence point Phase coincidence, which constitutes the coincidence point or approximate coincidence point of the four centers, also referred to as the four key points; The heat collecting tube or cavity heat sink is supported by a tube support, which is fixedly connected to the carrier of the machine automatically; The middle connecting pipe is a heat-preserving pipe with two ends open. It is a direct type or a curved type. The positions of its two ends are respectively arranged at the four key points of two adjacent high-temperature heat engines or Adjacent to the four key points, each port of the middle pipe, or directly connected to the corresponding inner tube of the heat collecting tube at or near the corresponding four points of the sunlight heat engine, or indirectly after the transition pipe Connected to the inner pipe, at the connection point between the intermediate pipe and the transition pipe, or at the connection point between the intermediate pipe and the inner pipe of the heat collecting pipe, or with a pipe joint as a medium, or no pipe joint As a medium, the pipe joint is flexible or rigid, and the transition pipe is a heat-preserving pipe that can connect the inner pipe of the heat collecting pipe and the intermediate pipe between the pipe joints at both ends, or can connect the same pipe. The two inner tubes of the heat collecting tube of a sunny high heat engine are connected with the heat preservation tubes; The direct-connected tube and the curved-connected tube are collectively referred to as the middle-connected tube. The difference or definition between the two is: The two ports are connected to the intermediate pipes of the adjacent two high-temperature heat collectors of the sun, and the working medium flows from one end to the other port. The intermediate pipe of the section that does not pass through the azimuth axis is called Directly connected to the middle pipe; in the process of working medium flowing from one end to the other end, or long or short section of the road through the azimuth axis of the middle pipe is called Qu Dazhong pipe; d. The heat collectors of each of the sunlight heat engines in the sunlight heat engine group are connected through a flexible pipe joint or a rigid pipe joint through a connecting pipe according to the above connection method; C. The heat-storage steam-generating component is referred to as a heat-storage component, which is either a heat-storage heat-exchange integrated steam-storage device, referred to as a heat-storage integrated device, or a heat conduction and phase change heat storage or non-phase change heat storage and steam generation The system, referred to as the lead-and-storage total system, is either a non-heat exchange storage production system or a comprehensive storage production component; various storage production components are either placed in the full thermal insulation cavity; or are not placed in the full thermal insulation chamber. Inside the heat preservation cavity; or part of the heat preservation cavity; D. The full-sided heat-preserving cavity is a heat-preserving cavity that is tightly blocked from all aspects of the heat transfer method. It is a cavity that is either installed below the ground or Some are installed below the ground or above the ground; E. In the solar high-heat engine group, the middle connecting pipe of the solar high-temperature engine located at the terminal of the cluster closest to the storage component is directly or indirectly connected to the storage component after the fixed pile, and the steam generator of the storage component Connect to the steam injection pipe, the other port of the steam injection pipe, or to the superheated steam processing equipment for heating first, and then to the power components of the power generation equipment for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy; Or directly through the valve and the power components of the power generation equipment that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy; the middle tube of the solar thermal engine located at the other end of the solar thermal engine cluster, that is, the beginning of the cluster, or returned from the storage component The pipeline for conveying the working medium is the circuit pipe connected through the pump or not connected to the pump, or not connected to the circuit pipe and connected to the pump for conveying the working medium. The synthetic high-efficiency solar thermal power station according to claim 1, wherein the storage and exchange integrated device is a direct-heating type or an indirect heating type, and the direct-heating storage and exchange integrated device includes a heat-conducting medium and a substrate. The heat storage medium of vapor-liquid working medium, which is abbreviated as vapor-liquid working medium, is either contained in a capillary bundle or coil and immersed in the vapor-liquid working medium, or directly surrounds the container containing the vapor-liquid working medium. Direct heat exchange, the inlet nozzle and outlet nozzle of the heat-conducting medium are fixed on the wall of the heat storage box, and the inlet nozzle and outlet nozzle of the vapor-liquid working medium are also fixed. The so-called nozzle is the pipe joint; Mass is a working substance or thermally conductive medium capable of undergoing vapor-liquid phase change and performing expansion work; The inlet nozzle of the heat-conducting medium is directly or indirectly connected through the connecting pipe used and the middle connecting pipe of the sunlight high-temperature machine that is closest to the heat storage box, which is the terminal of the cluster, and the outlet nozzle of the heat-conducting medium passes through the circuit pipeline and the sunlight high-temperature machine at the beginning of the cluster The intermediate pipe is directly or indirectly connected, and the circuit pipeline includes a connecting pipe and a valve and a pipe joint, or also includes a pump; the inlet nozzle of the vapor-liquid working medium is directly or indirectly connected to the preheating equipment through the pipe used. , Its outlet nozzle and the steam injection pipe are connected; The indirect heat storage and exchange integrated device includes a heat storage box, a phase change heat storage material or a non-phase change heat storage material, a capillary tube or coil of a heat conductive medium, and a steam generator, and the capillary tube or coil of the heat conductive medium is immersed in In the phase change heat storage material, the phase change heat storage material surrounds the steam generator and is connected to it for heat transfer. The wall of the heat storage tank and the nozzle of the inlet pipe and the nozzle of the outlet pipe of the heat transfer medium are respectively fixedly connected. The nozzles of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the heat medium are respectively fixedly connected, and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the heat conducting medium connected to the wall of the heat storage box are directly or indirectly connected to the middle and middle pipes of the solar high-temperature engine group terminal and the beginning, respectively. The inlet pipe of the steam generator connected to the heat storage box is directly or indirectly connected to the preheating equipment. The outlet pipe of the steam generator connected to the heat storage box is a steam injection pipe, and its external port or first The heated superheated steam processing equipment is connected, and then connected with the power components of the power generation equipment that can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy, or directly through the valve pipeline and power generation that can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy. Preparation of a power connection through member. The synthetic high-efficiency solar thermal power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: the total conducting and storing system comprises a heat conducting medium subsystem, a heat storing material subsystem, a heat exchange device and a steam generator, and the heat conducting medium subsystem The heat conducting medium pump comprises a heat conducting medium pump, a heat conducting medium box and a pipeline valve circulating system. The heat conducting medium pump is installed in the pipe valve circulating system. The first part of the heat conducting medium circulating pipeline is composed of each heat collecting pipe, transition pipe and middle joint of the solar high-heat engine group. The second part consists of a capillary tube or coil of heat-conducting medium immersed in the phase-change heat storage subsystem. The third part consists of pipeline valves in the heat-conducting medium circuit. The heat-conducting medium circulation pipeline is connected to the heat-conducting medium tank. The heat storage material subsystem includes a heat storage material box, a preheater, and a heat conductive medium material immersed in the heat storage material box, or also includes a circulation pump, a preheater, and a capillary tube bundle or coil of a heat conductive medium. The heat storage material in the heat material box is used for heat transfer connection. The heat storage material is connected to the steam generator through a heat exchange device. The inlet pipe of the steam generator is straight. It is connected to the preheater or the external port of the outlet pipe of the steam generator, or to the superheated steam processing equipment for heating, and then to the power generation equipment that can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy. The power components are connected, or directly connected to the power components of the power generation equipment that can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy through the valve pipeline. The steam generator is with or without fins. The synthetic high-efficiency solar thermal power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-heat exchange storage and production system is cyclic or non-circular, and the cycle non-heat exchange storage and production system comprises a steam storage tank, Liquid circuit pipeline valves, working fluid transfer pumps, pipelines and valves in the high-temperature heating engine group, and high-pressure check valves; non-circulating non-heat exchange storage production systems do not have liquid circuit pipes, but only drain pipes. There are inlet nozzles and outlet nozzles on the wall of the box, as well as drain nozzles. The inlet nozzle is directly connected to the inner port of the steam inlet pipe, or indirectly connected to the steam inlet through a high-pressure check valve. The inner port of the pipe is connected, and the outer port of the steam inlet pipe is directly or after passing through the fixed pile and indirectly connected to the middle pipe of the solar heat engine at the terminal of the cluster through a flexible or rigid pipe joint. The outer port of the steam pipe or directly The heat collecting tube of the solar heat engine at the terminal of the cluster is connected through a flexible or rigid pipe joint. This pipe joint is located at or near the four focal points of the solar heat engine at the terminal of the cluster. The outlet pipe of the steam storage box Mouth and One end of the steam injection pipe is connected, and the other port of the steam injection pipe is connected with the power part of the power generating equipment that can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy after passing through the superheated steam processing equipment for heating, or directly with the thermal energy. Connect the power components of power generation equipment for mechanical and electrical energy; The drain nozzle is connected to the inner end of the drain pipe of the non-circulating non-heat exchange storage production system, and the outer end of the drain pipe is connected to the valve; or the drain nozzle is connected to the circulating non-heat exchange The inner end of the liquid circuit tube of the storage system is connected, and the outer end of the liquid circuit tube is directly or indirectly connected to the working fluid conveying pump. Zhonglian pipe is connected; The integrated storage and production component is an integrated system composed of the two or more types of storage and production components mentioned above to work together or alternately. The synthetic high-efficiency solar thermal power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the all-sided heat preservation cavity is a cavity surrounded by an omnidirectional wall shell in any direction including above and below, The cavity wall in all directions, including the insulated door or cover, is composed of at least three layers. The inner layer is a mirror, the middle layer is a skeleton plate or bone plate, and the outer layer is a thermal insulation material. In addition to the nozzles of various fittings and pipes for connection corresponding to the contents, or nozzles and valves for exhausting to generate vacuum are fixed, or there are no such nozzles and valves; In the space between the wall shell of the full heat-preserving cavity and the outer wall of its contents, there may be low-pressure gas, or a vacuum, or a near vacuum, or an atmospheric gas. Insulation support for placing objects. The synthetic high-efficiency solar thermal power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner tube of the one-way heat collecting tube is a double-pipe communication tube type, and the communication end of the communication tube-type inner tube is located at the closed end of the cover tube Within the end, the open ends of the two branch pipes of the communication pipe protrude from the inside of the cover pipe to the outside of the cover pipe; the communication pipe type inner pipe or the internal connection pipe type inner pipe is referred to herein as the internal connection type inner pipe, or The externally connected tube-type inner tube is referred to herein as an externally-connected inner tube. The internally-connected inner tube is one in which two branch tubes are enclosed in the same inner tube. A thin tube is inserted into a thick branch tube. The thick branch pipe is divided into two parts connected to each other, or a partition is inserted into a thick branch pipe to divide the thick branch pipe into two parts connected to each other; the externally connected inner pipe is two branch pipes of the connecting pipe Not included in the same inner tube; the installation position of the one-way heat collecting tube on the sun high heat engine must be such that the two open ends of the inner tube of the heat collecting tube are located at or near the four points of the sun high heat engine, and installed on a sun high heat engine Centerline of the tube axis of two unidirectional collector tubes or The connection line is coincident or nearly coincident with the focal line or the centerline of the focal zone of the solar heat engine. The two mouths of the inner tube of one unidirectional heat collecting tube and the two mouths of the inner tube of another unidirectional heat collecting tube are at The four key points of the same sunny high heat engine meet or are adjacent to each other, and they are connected to each other, and are connected to the nozzles of the two intermediate pipes indirectly or directly through the pipe joints; Is a direct-connected pipe or a curved-line pipe; The inner tube of the bidirectional heat collecting tube is straight-through, and it is exposed at two ports outside the two ends of the hood tube, and is connected to the two transition tubes indirectly or directly, and the other ends of the two transition tubes are respectively disposed. At or near the four key points of the Sunshine Heat Engine, each of them is directly or indirectly connected to the middle pipe through a pipe joint; The two ports of the cavity collector are indirectly or directly connected to two transition tubes, respectively, and the other ends of the two transition tubes are respectively placed at or near the four key points of the sunlight heat engine, respectively. It is indirectly connected with the two intermediate pipes through the pipe joint or directly. The synthetic high-efficiency solar thermal power station according to claim 1, wherein the condensing mirror for automatically avoiding storms is composed of a double-connected mirror plate unit, or a triple-connected mirror plate unit, and the double-connected mirror plate The unit includes a main mirror axis, an attached mirror axis, a main mirror plate of a condenser lens, an attached mirror plate, a spring, and a stopper, or a shock absorber. The main mirror axis is parallel to the direction of the focal line or focus band and the machine. The main mirror plate and the attached mirror plate are hinged directly through the attached mirror shaft and the spring to form a mirror plate unit, and the main mirror plate in the mirror plate unit is hinged on the main mirror shaft to make the attached mirror The axis is parallel to the main mirror axis, and the distance from the center line of the main mirror axis to the two sides of the mirror plate unit is not equal, that is, the mirror plate is formed into an off-axis structure to form a condenser lens unit; the attached mirror that can only rotate in a single direction The distance from the outer edge of the plate to the centerline of the main mirror axis is greater than the distance from the outer edge of the main mirror plate to the centerline of the main mirror axis. The correct working position of each condenser lens unit is positioned by a spring and a stopper. The synthetic high-efficiency solar thermal power station according to claim 7, characterized in that: the triple mirror plate hiding mirror includes a main mirror plate and two auxiliary mirror plates, a main mirror shaft and two auxiliary mirror shafts, and a spring And limiter, the main mirror axis is connected to the frame in a direction parallel to the focal line or focal band, the main mirror plate is hinged on the main mirror axis, and it is maintained in a correct working state by a spring and a limiter. The two sides of the board are connected with the mirror shafts, and the two mirror boards are hinged on the mirror shafts on both sides of the main mirror board. The correct working state of the mirror board is maintained by springs and limiters. The main mirror axes are parallel or approximately parallel to each other. The synthetic high-efficiency solar thermal power station according to claim 7, characterized in that the shock absorber is a pneumatic shock absorber, or a hydraulic shock absorber, or an elastic shock absorber, and the pneumatic shock absorber includes a sliding cavity and a The piston is inserted into the sliding cavity, and there is a small hole in the sliding cavity. There is a valve in the small hole. The valve and the sliding cavity are linked by movement. The piston and the sliding cavity are respectively installed on the hinged part and the hinged part. Heart is the torque center; The hydraulic shock absorber uses a mandrel fixed to the hinge as the hinge shaft, or a rotating shaft fixed to the hinge as the hinge shaft, and the mandrel fixed to the hinge as the hinge shaft. The hydraulic shock absorber includes a cavity shell, a baffle, a shutter, and a valve supporting shell and a mandrel. The baffle is fixed to the mandrel fixedly connected to the bearing hinge. The cavity shell is passed on the mandrel and is statically sealed with the mandrel. Connection, the cavity shell includes a baffle and a part of the shutter support shell, the part of the contained shutter support shell is in a sealed connection with the cavity shell, and the valve is movably connected with the shutter support shell, and the shutter support shell is used as the carrier, the shutter and the baffle The space sandwiched between them can be expanded or contracted, and the valve supporting shell and the hinge are fixedly connected, so as to be dynamically sealed with the mandrel, and a working medium is filled between the cavity shell and the mandrel and the valve supporting shell; A hydraulic shock absorber using a hinge fixed to a hinge as a hinge includes a cavity shell, a baffle, a shutter and a valve supporting shell, and a rotating shaft. The cavity shell and the damping are fixed to the rotating shaft, and the valve supporting shell carrying the valve is hinged with the bearing The stationary cavity shell including the baffle and a part of the shutter support shell is now turned into a rotating cavity shell and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft to form a static seal, while the shutter support shell still constitutes a dynamic seal. The working medium is filled between the rotating shaft and the valve support shell.

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