WO2020091299A1 - Air supply system for polar region vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an air supply system for a polar region vessel that sails in polar regions, the air supply system heating low-temperature external air of a polar environment and supplying same to a location on a vessel that requires air, and thus can be operated with a simple structure and high energy efficiency and at low cost.

Description

Air supply system for polar ships

The present invention is applied to a polar vessel operating in a polar region, and in an air supply system for heating and supplying low-temperature outside air in a polar environment to a ship's air demand, a simple configuration can be operated at low cost and high energy efficiency. It relates to an air supply system of a dragon ship.

Due to the global warming, the sea ice in the polar regions has been lost, and the market of polar operated vessels, such as the northeastern route near Russia, is in the spotlight.

Vessels operating in polar waters must consider the peculiarities of polar waters, such as the ice sheet environment, unlike ships operating in normal waters.

The air used in the air conditioning system of a general polar ship was heated by an electric heater or a thermal oil system to a temperature suitable for an engine room.

Thus, by properly heating the temperature of the air to be used in a polar vessel, it is possible to smoothly operate the generator, etc. even in a polar environment, and to prevent damage to various equipment and devices due to cryogenic temperatures.

1 shows a simple air supply system for a typical polar vessel. Referring to FIG. 1, the air supply system of a general polar ship obtains low-temperature air to be supplied to the engine room 1 from the outside air, and uses an electric or thermal oil as a heat source for the engine room air heater unit 4 ) Is heated to the required temperature in the engine room 1, and then supplied to the engine room 1 using the supply fan unit 5.

In addition, referring to FIG. 1, the air heated by the engine room air heater unit 4 uses a supply fan unit 5 to provide machine rooms other than the engine room 1 (machinery room 2) and a pod room (POD room). , 3) In order to prevent each equipment from freezing in a polar environment such as, heated air may be supplied to a required air source.

However, in the case of a heat oil system that uses heat oil to heat the external supply air as described above, the system configuration is complicated and occupies a lot of installation space, and as an expensive equipment, there is a disadvantage in that it takes a lot of initial equipment cost and maintenance cost.

In addition, when heat oil leaks into the engine room air heater unit 4 as a result of operation of the performance line, the engine 6 installed in the engine room 1 corresponding to the heater unit 4 has a problem that operation itself is impossible. Was found.

On the other hand, referring to Figure 1, the air supply system of a typical polar vessel, the combustion air required for the combustion of the fuel to be supplied to the engine 6, for energy saving (energy saving), without inhaling and heating the outside air It is configured to supply directly.

In the air intake chamber (7) that intakes combustion air from the outside air, a filter unit (9) for removing foreign substances contained in the intake air, and a silencer (10) for removing noise generated by air flow ) And a start-up damper 11 for controlling the flow direction of air are installed, and the configuration is rather complicated.

In addition, the engine air intake duct 8 is connected from the air intake chamber 7 to the engine 6 so that the intake air is supplied to the engine 6, which is made of SUS material to withstand the cryogenic air temperature of the polar environment. It is installed with ducts. The SUS duct 8 is connected to the engine 6 from the downstream of the filter unit 9 described above.

However, since the filter unit 9 is installed upstream of the SUS duct 8, when impurities are introduced into the duct 8 during the installation process of the SUS duct 8, due to the nature of the SUS duct 8, on-site correction during actual operation This is impossible, and if damage occurs, new orders are required.

During the operation of the performance vessel, impurities were introduced into the SUS duct (8), causing engine damage, causing problems such as stopping operation and replacing parts.

Therefore, special attention is required in the production and operation stages, and there are disadvantages such as reduced production efficiency and increased maintenance costs due to complicated production and installation work.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, in the air supply system of a polar ship, while applying the elements necessary for the system equipment configuration to a minimum, the air supply system of a polar ship that can provide the air of the appropriate temperature It aims to provide.

According to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, the engine room in which the engine is installed; An air intake chamber that sucks combustion air to be supplied to the engine and external air to be supplied to the engine room; An air heater that heats the outside air by exchanging exhaust gas discharged from the engine with outside air sucked into the air intake chamber; And a fan room in which one or more fans for supplying air heated by the air heater to an air demand source including the engine and the engine room are respectively installed. The fan room includes the heated air for combustion of the engine. An engine supply fan supplying air; An engine room supply fan supplying the heated air to air conditioning of the engine room; And a supply fan for supplying the heated air to other demand sources on board the ship.

Preferably, it is installed adjacent to the engine room, the machine room in which the high temperature air supplied from the fan room to the engine room and the air discharged from the engine room to the outside may be further included.

Preferably, the air mixing chamber is installed adjacent to the fan room, and the air heated in the air heater and air discharged from the engine room are mixed to move to the fan room.

Preferably, a fan room circulation damper that allows air discharged from the engine room to flow into the fan room; A mixing chamber circulation damper allowing air discharged from the engine room to flow into an air mixing chamber mixed with air heated in the air heater; And a closed damper that allows air discharged from the engine room to be discharged to the outside.

Preferably, a first exhaust gas control damper to allow exhaust gas discharged from the engine to be supplied to the air heater; And a second exhaust gas control damper configured to allow exhaust gas discharged from the engine not to be supplied to the air heater but to pass through the machine room and be discharged to the outside.

Preferably, the exhaust gas control damper to allow the low-temperature exhaust gas discharged after heat exchange from the air heater passes through the air mixing chamber and is discharged to the outside.

Preferably, the engine room damper to allow air to be discharged from the engine room to the machine room; may further include a.

Since the air supply system of the polar vessel according to the present invention can supply the hot air at a temperature required by the air demander with minimal equipment configuration, it takes up less installation space than the conventional art and installs the system. And maintenance costs.

In particular, the filter unit and silencer can be deleted, and it is not necessary to install a SUS duct that is difficult to maintain.

In addition, since cryogenic outside air can be prevented from being directly supplied into the hull, damage to various equipment and devices such as an engine can be prevented and start-up can be smoothly performed.

In addition, since the waste heat obtained from the exhaust gas of the engine is used to heat the air, the capacity can be reduced and energy efficiency of the ship can be increased compared to a conventional heat oil heater system.

In addition, since it is possible to eliminate various accessories required in the method of directly supplying outside air as the air for combustion of the engine, it is easy to manage impurities inside the duct during the installation step, and it is possible to use a general duct that is not for cryogenic use, so maintenance is easy. It is easy.

1 is a configuration diagram briefly showing an air supply system of a general polar vessel.

Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the air supply system of a polar vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the operational advantages of the present invention and the objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and the contents described in the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, it should be noted that in adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible, even if they are displayed on different drawings.

The following examples may be modified in various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 2, an air supply system for a polar vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The air supply system of the polar vessel according to the present embodiment includes an air intake chamber 500 that intakes outside air to supply air required to the vessel during operation of the polar vessel; An air heater 610 for heating low-temperature air sucked into the air intake chamber 500; And a fan room 700 in which one or more fans for supplying hot air heated by the air heater 610 to an air demand destination are installed. And exhaust gas that supplies high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the engine 110 to the air heater 610 and discharges low-temperature exhaust gas whose temperature is lowered by heat exchange while heating the low-temperature air in the air heater 610 to the outside. Gas line (EL).

The air intake chamber 500 includes a water catcher 410 for separating and removing moisture mixed with the inhaled air; And a process of separating and removing moisture from the air and / or a duct heater 420 that prevents moisture removed and separated from the air from freezing in the moisture eliminator 410 or maintains the temperature of the air in the air intake chamber 500. Can be installed.

The air heater 610 heats the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the engine 110 and the low-temperature air from which foreign substances are removed while passing through the moisture eliminator 410 to heat the low-temperature air, and the high-temperature exhaust gas Let cool.

For example, the low temperature air temperature sucked into the air intake chamber 500 may be about -52 ° C, and the high temperature air temperature heated by the high temperature exhaust gas in the air heater 610 may be about 5 ° C. Can be.

The air intake chamber 500 and the air heater 610 of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the air sucked into the air intake chamber 500 is below the air intake chamber 500 and the air intake chamber 500 It moves to the lower space by the first valve (not shown in the figure) that controls the opening and closing of the space, and opens and closes the lower space of the air intake chamber 500 and the low temperature side inlet of the air heater 610 (no drawing). It is introduced into the low temperature side inlet of the air heater 610 by a second valve (not shown) that controls the state.

As shown in FIG. 2, the low temperature side inlet through which the low temperature outside air is supplied to the air heater 610 is provided below the air heater 610, and the high temperature air heated in the air heater 610 is discharged. The side outlet is provided on the top of the air heater 610, the low temperature side inlet communicates with the space below the air intake chamber 500, and the high temperature side outlet can be provided in communication with the air mixing chamber 600 described below. .

The exhaust gas line EL of this embodiment includes: a first exhaust gas line EL1 that supplies high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the engine 110 to the air heater 610; And a second exhaust gas line EL2 that discharges hot exhaust gas discharged from the engine 110 to the outside without supplying it to the air heater 610.

The high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the engine 110 along the exhaust gas line EL is supplied to the air heater 610 along the first exhaust gas line EL1, and discharged after heat exchange from the air heater 610 The low temperature exhaust gas is joined to the exhaust gas flow discharged to the outside along the second exhaust gas line EL2 that discharges the high temperature exhaust gas discharged from the engine 100 to the outside and is discharged to the outside.

The first exhaust gas line EL1 may be installed with an exhaust gas control damper 230 that controls flow so that low-temperature exhaust gas discharged after heat exchange from the air heater 610 is discharged to the outside.

Exhaust gas line (EL) of the present embodiment, the first exhaust gas control damper 210 for controlling the flow of the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 110 is supplied to the air heater 610; And a second exhaust gas control damper 220 that controls the flow of the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 110 is discharged to the outside.

By controlling the exhaust gas control dampers 210 and 220, it is possible to control the flow path and flow rate of the exhaust gas.

The second exhaust gas line EL2 may be installed to penetrate the machine room 200 to be described later. That is, according to the present embodiment, if necessary, a part of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 110 is discharged to the outside through the second exhaust gas line EL2, but to the outside along the second exhaust gas line EL2 As the exhaust gas discharged passes through the machine room 200, heat is deprived and then discharged to the outside. That is, the exhaust gas flowing along the second exhaust gas line EL2 lowers the temperature while heating the air in the machine room 200, and the air in the machine room 200 flows along the second exhaust gas line EL2 Can be heated by the exhaust gas.

In this way, by using the exhaust air of the engine 110 to heat and use the cryogenic air sucked for use on board, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged to the outside can be lowered, and equipment elements required for air heating are minimized. Can be configured.

In the fan room 700 of the present embodiment, one or more fans are installed to supply heated hot air to an air demand destination that requires hot air.

In this embodiment, the air demand destination includes: an engine 110 for generating propulsion energy of a ship or electric power required by the ship; An engine room 100 in which the engine 110 is disposed; A machine room 200 in which various devices or equipment necessary for the operation of the ship are arranged; And a pod room (POD room 300) disposed adjacent to the engine room 100.

The fan room 700 of the present embodiment includes an engine supply fan 720 that supplies hot air to the engine 110; An engine room supply fan 710 that supplies hot air to the machine room 200 including the engine room 100; And other demand-supply supply fans 730 that supply high-temperature air to other air-supply destinations, such as the pod room 300, as an example.

The high-temperature air supplied to the engine 110 by the engine supply fan 720 may be used as combustion air of the engine 110.

Thus, according to the present embodiment, since the air sucked into the air intake chamber 500 and heated by the air heater 610 is supplied to the combustion air of the engine 110, the combustion air as shown in FIG. It is not necessary to install the filter unit 9, the silencer 10, and the startup damper 11, which were installed to supply the gas without heating. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide the SUS damper 8 for conveying the cryogenic air, so the configuration of the equipment is simplified and maintenance is easy. In addition, since there is no need to take risks, such as causing damage to the engine 110 due to the introduction of foreign substances in the installation process of the SUS damper 8, production efficiency can be improved and installation and maintenance costs can be reduced. .

The hot air is supplied to the engine room 100 by the engine room supply fan 710. In addition, hot air may be supplied to the machine room 200 by the engine room supply fan 710. In this embodiment, it is illustrated as an example that the high-temperature air is transferred to the engine room 100 and the machine room 200 by the engine room supply fan 710, but a fan that supplies high-temperature air to the engine room 100 And it may be provided with a fan for supplying hot air to the machine room 200, respectively.

As described above, by supplying high temperature air to the engine room 100 and the machine room 200, the temperature in the engine room 100 and the machine room 200 is operated smoothly, and the engine 110 is operated by a polar environment. It can prevent problems such as freezing or damage of equipment / devices.

High temperature air may also be supplied to the pod room 300, and air discharged from the pod room 300 may be discharged to the outside.

Air discharged from the pod room 300 may be discharged to the outside through the machine room 200 or may be joined to circulating air, which will be described later, or may be discharged to the outside, through a gas valve unit room 400, which will be described later.

In FIG. 2, the flow of air discharged from the pod room 300 is illustrated as, for example, the pod room discharge line PL1, and the flow of air discharged to the outside through the gas valve unit room 400 is an air discharge line ( PL2) for example.

The gas valve unit room 400 is provided with a valve unit (not shown) for discharging various gases generated from a vessel for the purpose of safe operation such as pressure control. In addition, the gas valve unit room 400 is provided with an exhaust fan 410 that exhausts air introduced into the gas valve unit room 400 to the outside.

In the gas valve unit room 400, for example, control of emission of waste gas generated from a gas combustion unit (GCU), an engine 110, an auxiliary boiler (not shown) for the purpose of generating steam, etc. Can be.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, the engine room damper 120 for controlling air discharge from the engine room 100; is further installed.

The air discharged from the engine room 100 through the engine room damper 120 passes through the machine room 200 and flows into the air mixing room 600 and / or the fan room 700, which will be described later, to the fan room 700. The engine room 100, the engine 110, the machine room 200, and the pod room 300 may be supplied back to the air demand source by one or more installed fans 710, 720, and 730. In addition, the air discharged from the engine room 100 may be discharged to the outside without being circulated.

The path of air discharged from the engine room 100 is illustrated in FIG. 2 by air circulation lines RL, RL1, RL2, and RL3.

According to this embodiment, the fan room circulation damper 130 for controlling the flow of air so that the air discharged from the engine room 100 flows into the fan room 700; A mixing chamber circulation damper 140 for controlling the flow of air so that the air discharged from the engine room 100 flows into the air mixing chamber 600; And closed damper 150 for controlling the external discharge of air discharged from the engine room 100; may be further installed.

According to this embodiment, the air mixing chamber 600 for mixing the hot air heated in the air heater 610 and the circulating air introduced through the mixing chamber circulation damper 140 may further include a.

In the air mixing chamber 600, hot air heated in the air heater 610, air introduced through the mixing chamber circulation damper 140, exhausted from the engine room 100, and exhausted from the machine room 200 Air and air discharged from the pod room 300 are mixed and flow into the fan room 700.

The temperature of the air supplied from the air mixing chamber 600 to the air consumer through the fan room 700 may be about 5 ° C or higher.

On the other hand, the air discharged from the engine room 100 may be discharged to about 12.5 ° C by increasing the temperature due to heat generated by operating various equipment such as the engine 110 installed in the engine room 100.

The air flowing into the fan room 700 or the air mixing room 600 from the machine room 200 may be discharged to about 17.5 ° C. by raising the temperature due to heat generated from various devices installed in the machine room 200.

In this embodiment, the air heated from the air heater 610 and the air introduced through the mixing chamber circulation damper 140 are mixed in the air mixing chamber 600 and introduced into the fan room 700 as an example, Only air heated in the air heater 610 may be introduced into the fan room 700, or only air introduced by the mixing chamber circulation damper 140 may be introduced. In addition, the air supplied from the fan room 700 to the air demand destination may be air introduced from the air mixing chamber 600 or circulated air introduced by the fan room circulation damper 130.

In addition, the first exhaust gas line (EL1) is connected to the exhaust gas control damper 230 from the air heater 610 and provides a movement path of the exhaust gas discharged after heat exchange from the air heater 610, the air mixing chamber (600) ), The air of the air mixing chamber 600 can be further heated by using the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the air heater 610.

As described above, in the polar vessel, the air sucked into the air intake chamber 500 is heated by using the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 110 by the air heater 610, and then the engine 110 is used by using a fan. ) By supplying air for combustion, engine room 100 and machine room 200 to various air demands, and inhaling the air for combustion of the engine 110 and air conditioning air to be supplied to the engine room 100, etc. Even without a separate system, energy can be saved, configuration is simplified, and thus, initial installation costs and operation and maintenance costs can be reduced.

In addition, in heating the air for air conditioning, it is possible to reduce the total capacity by about 30% (7,500 kW to 5,000 kW) compared to the configuration in which a heat oil system is applied.

In addition, since the air required for the engine start system is not required to directly use cryogenic outside air, there is no need to provide an SUS duct, and the engine supply fan 720 and the SS400 duct can be configured to simplify configuration and reduce costs. There is no risk of engine damage due to impurities being mixed in the installation stage of the SUS duct, production efficiency is improved, and management becomes easy.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be variously modified or modified within a range not departing from the technical gist of the present invention, which is apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is done.

Claims (7)

An engine room in which an engine is installed; An air intake chamber that sucks combustion air to be supplied to the engine and external air to be supplied to the engine room; An air heater that heats the outside air by exchanging exhaust gas discharged from the engine with outside air sucked into the air intake chamber; And It includes; a fan room in which one or more fans are installed to supply air heated by the air heater to an air demand source including the engine and the engine room; In the fan room, An engine supply fan supplying the heated air to the combustion air of the engine; An engine room supply fan supplying the heated air to air conditioning of the engine room; And Including, other demand source supply fan for supplying the heated air to other demand sources on board the ship, Air supply system of a polar vessel. The method according to claim 1, A machine room installed adjacent to the engine room and circulating high temperature air supplied from the fan room to the engine room and air discharged from the engine room to the outside. The air supply system for a polar ship. The method according to claim 2, It is installed adjacent to the fan room, an air mixing chamber for mixing the air heated in the air heater and the air discharged from the engine room to move to the fan room; further comprising, an air supply system for a polar vessel. The method according to claim 2, A fan room circulation damper allowing air discharged from the engine room to flow into the fan room; A mixing chamber circulation damper allowing air discharged from the engine room to flow into an air mixing chamber mixed with air heated in the air heater; And Further comprising, a closed damper to allow the air discharged from the engine room to be discharged to the outside, Air supply system of a polar vessel. The method according to claim 2, A first exhaust gas control damper to allow exhaust gas discharged from the engine to be supplied to the air heater; And And a second exhaust gas control damper configured to allow exhaust gas discharged from the engine to be discharged to the outside through the machine room without being supplied to the air heater. The method according to claim 3, And an exhaust gas control damper configured to allow low-temperature exhaust gas discharged after heat exchange from the air heater to pass through the air mixing chamber and be discharged to the outside. The method according to claim 2, Further comprising, an engine room damper to allow air to be discharged from the engine room to the machine room, Air supply system of a polar vessel.

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