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WO2020074745A1 - Système de l'internet des objets de satellite - Google Patents

Système de l'internet des objets de satellite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020074745A1
WO2020074745A1 PCT/EP2019/077808 EP2019077808W WO2020074745A1 WO 2020074745 A1 WO2020074745 A1 WO 2020074745A1 EP 2019077808 W EP2019077808 W EP 2019077808W WO 2020074745 A1 WO2020074745 A1 WO 2020074745A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
satellite
base station
terminal device
cellular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/077808
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Omar Qais Talib QAISE
Prasanna Balasubramanian NAGARAJAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OQ Technology SARL
Original Assignee
OQ Technology SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OQ Technology SARL filed Critical OQ Technology SARL
Publication of WO2020074745A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020074745A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is leader and terminal is follower
    • H04W52/0219—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is leader and terminal is follower where the power saving management affects multiple terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H04B7/18513—Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention lies in the field of cellular wireless communication systems.
  • the invention relates to cellular wireless communication systems comprising non-terrestrial network infrastructure, such as a cellular base station hosted on a satellite payload.
  • a ground-based network allows a user equipment, such as a telephone, smartphone or personal computer, to establish a data communication link with a data network such as the public Internet via a base station that manages the geographical network cell in which they evolve.
  • the Internet of Things is a paradigm in which devices such as objects or sensors are able to enter into communication with a remote network backend, such as a data center or data processing server.
  • a remote network backend such as a data center or data processing server.
  • the transmission of data from an IoT device is often not delay critical.
  • a reliable communication link to the network backend needs to be established, at least intermittently.
  • IoT devices may for example be deployed on maritime vessels, or in remote areas. However, in such areas, cellular network access is often not provided by the traditional fixed networking infrastructure.
  • Such devices are usually battery-powered, so that the available transmit power is limited at any point in time.
  • the communication network comprises at least one base station for connecting at least one terminal device to said network.
  • the network is remarkable in that in that said base station is hosted on a satellite payload.
  • the network may be 3GPP Narrowband Intemet-of-Things compliant cellular network
  • said base station may comprise an eNodeB function of said cellular network.
  • the network may comprise a plurality of satellite based base stations.
  • Said plurality of satellite base stations may preferably be inter-connected using satellite-to-satellite communication channels.
  • Said satellite may preferably evolve on a low earth orbit, LEO, middle earth orbit, MEO or geostationary orbit, GEO.
  • the terminal device may preferably be a user equipment (intemet-of-things device, smartphone, or equivalent) or a ground-based gateway node serving a plurality of user equipments.
  • a user equipment intemet-of-things device, smartphone, or equivalent
  • a ground-based gateway node serving a plurality of user equipments.
  • a method of communication between a terminal device and a non-terrestrial cellular data communication network comprising at least one satellite hosting a base station, characterized in that the terminal device is attached to said network by a communication channel between said terminal device and said base station.
  • the terminal device may comprise a data processing unit as well as data transmission and data reception means.
  • said data processing unit is a data processing unit of said terminal device.
  • the data processing unit may preferably comprise a central processing unit, CPU, operatively coupled to a memory element comprising any of a solid-state drive, SSD, hard disk drive, HDD, random access memory, RAM, or any other known data storage element.
  • the data reception and data transmission means may preferably comprise a cellular networking interface, comprising a receive antenna and a transmit antenna, as well as any required subsystems thereof, for operatively connecting said terminal device to the non-terrestrial cellular data communication network.
  • the terminal device may have remote access, by means of a data communication channel, to said data processing means.
  • the data processing unit may be provided by set of distributed computing devices configured for providing the described functionality.
  • the communication system may comprise a 4G Narrowband Intemet-of- Things communication system.
  • an satellite hosted base station such as for example an eNodeB type communication node
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • the device may synchronize to the base station, thereby improving the efficiency of the communication between the user equipment and the base station.
  • this approach is able to save power on both the user equipment device and on the airbome/spacebome base station, which as limited resources as well.
  • figure 1 illustrates a store and forward architecture for a non-terrestrial cellular
  • figure 2 illustrates a real-time non-terrestrial cellular communication network with inter satellite link
  • figure 3 illustrates a femtocell architecture for a non-terrestrial cellular communication network.
  • references 100, 200 and 300 each refer to a non-terrestrial cellular data communication network, in accordance with a first, second and third embodiment of the invention.
  • the 3 GPP NB-IoT system is a terrestrial standard.
  • the corresponding standards document is publically available at
  • the present invention offers solution to the problem by proposing a set of functional and architectural modifications to the system that will enable the successful and efficient operation of cellular wireless communication protocols over non-terrestrial networks.
  • base station refers to an access point, to which user device connect either directly or through a local gateway/proxy in order to gain access to the cellular network, its core services, and to other devices connected to the cellular network.
  • a satellite NB-loT system comprises at least one satellite, but preferably a global constellation of satellites that may be Low Earth Orbit, LEO, or Medium Earth Orbit, MEO, or Geostationary Orbit, GEO, each by way of non- limiting example hosting an Satellite-based Narrow-Band loT, S-NB-loT, payload.
  • LEO Low Earth Orbit
  • MEO Medium Earth Orbit
  • GEO Geostationary Orbit
  • each satellite is capable of running a complete EnodeB + EPC network solution.
  • the system further includes other allied subsystems, earth station gateways (GW), Satellite NB-loT radio access network (SNRAN) data centers, satellite mobile network operators (SMNO), and S-NB- loT mobile or fixed user equipment(s) (UE).
  • GW earth station gateways
  • SNRAN Satellite NB-loT radio access network
  • SMNO satellite mobile network operators
  • UE S-NB- loT mobile or fixed user equipment(s)
  • ft is proposed that each satellite that is part of the non-terrestrial cellular network infrastructure flies a S-NB-loT payload (along with other necessary sub-systems such as the Telemetry, Tracking &
  • Control subsystem power subsystem, thermal control subsystem, Attitude determination and Control subsystem, on-board computer, etc.
  • SDR software defined radio architecture
  • Each of these S-NB-loT payloads is essentially a Base Transceiver System (EnodeB), possibly with additional Evolved Packet Core (EPC) functionality (MME, S-GW, AUTH, etc.,) depending on the architecture.
  • the payload can run all the layers (PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC/1P) of the 3GPP NB- loT protocol stack with and without modifications for both satellite and other use cases.
  • PHY Physical Layer
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • RLC Radio Link Control
  • PDCP Packet Control Protocol
  • RRC/1P Radio Resource Control Protocol
  • a typical cell site will have a single eNB controlling 3 sectors (or cells) with a single S 1 link back to the EPC.
  • the satellite NB-IoT extends this principle in that a single eNB satellite controls many cells and these are implemented as‘softly’ as possible to allow flexibility and scalability.
  • the maximum number of cells that an eNB can control is 256, due to the cell id being an 8-bit quantity. It is assumed that this will be sufficient for the satellite NB-IoT application.
  • Satellite and cellular NB-IoT One important difference between satellite and cellular NB-IoT is the assumption that the satellite will have spot beams in the uplink and downlink to divide the radio and processing overhead spatially and provide methods of frequency reuse.
  • the known standard of NB-IoT uses a Frequency Division Duplexing, FDD, mechanism to establish radio communication between the base station (eNodeB) and the User Element (UE).
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplexing
  • the eNodeB operates in Full Duplex-FDD while the UE operates in half duplex-FDD.
  • the S-NB-IoT payload or base station shall employ a Time Division Duplexing, TDD, scheme which may or may not be based on the frame structure of 3 GPP LTE - TDD standard.
  • TDD Time Division Duplexing
  • a Half Duplex-FDD scheme of operation of the S-NB-IoT payload or base station is proposed based on the TDD frame structure of the S-NB-IoT in order to accommodate the scarcity in spectrum in the associated bandwidths of operation and reduce the complexity of design of the RF front end of the payload to be accommodate the limited power budget available in satellite implementation.
  • the system architecture may be implemented in one of the three ways as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3.
  • Figure 1 illustrates is the Store-and-forward architecture. It shows a non-terrestrial cellular data network 100 comprising a terminal device 110 and a sate llite -based base station 120.
  • EPC Evolve Patent Core
  • elements such as the S-GW and authentication centre must be localized in the satellite and updated via some OAM procedure.
  • any user data must be queued in the satellite and exchanged with the Gateway when the ground link is available.
  • Each satellite in the network effectively acts as an eNB and EPC and the system are scalable by adding new satellites, just like a terrestrial network would add a new base station. Scalability is also achievable by increasing the available bandwidth for operation.
  • the link with the Gateway is proprietary (this could by way of example be the TT&C Link) and must provide the following functionality: the link must be bi-directional.
  • the link may be an off-the-shelf solution such as a point to point microwave link.
  • the transport layer can be based on any reliable transport technology, such as IP.
  • IP IP
  • a simple protocol to transfer stored user datagrams between the satellite and the underlying core network connection presumed to be IP).
  • An OAM protocol for maintenance of the software entities in the satellite context One example of this is the
  • the X2 interface cannot be supported directly as it is concerned with real-time operations between satellites, which clearly is not possible when the link is not permanent. If it is discovered that some non-real time X2 operations would be beneficial in the proprietary link architecture (maybe exchanging load reports) then the messages can be added to the link, as it simply depends on IP transport.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an alternative architecture with a permanent Sl interface. It shows a non-terrestrial cellular data network 200 comprising a terminal device 210 and a satellite-based base station 220. If S 1 is always available and reliable, then the SGW and the EPC are located on the ground and may be shared between all satellites. This is the preferred architecture for higher scalability as each satellite acts just as an eNodeB and there is a central EPC.
  • the link with the Gateway is standardised and may be implemented in terms of any off the shelf point to point link over IP. However, this requires high complexity as inter-satellite links and greater ground station coverage to guarantee continuous visibility are required.
  • X2 is an optional 3 GPP interface that allows eNBs to communicate directly with each other in near real-time. It used in LTE to enable features such as data forwarding during handover, interference coordination and load balancing and is included here for completeness. If Sl is a permanent interface, then X2 will be available too as is can use the same transport layer. In cellular NB-IoT X2 is also used to transfer RRC Contexts between eNBs in the user plane optimisation scheme.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an alternative femto-cell architecture. It shows a non-terrestrial cellular data network 300 comprising a terminal device 310, and a satellite -based base station 320.
  • the terminal device 310 is a gateway station, to which user equipment devices may connect. It has been proposed that instead of using NB-IoT directly as the link between satellite and UEs, then a network of ground-based NB-IoT femtocells are deployed and they are backhauled via satellite instead.
  • Femtocells may be deployed within buildings for in-building coverage. Femtocells can act as concentrators for groups of S-NB-IoT terminals, instead of trying to connect each S-NB-IOT terminal directly to a satellite constellation. The shorter radio links between terminals and femtocells will enable better coverage (or deployment in more hostile radio environments). Femtocells feature extensive radio resource management algorithms for ad-hoc deployments.
  • the femtocell antenna will still need to be in Line of Sight, LOS, with the satellite, which implies the need for feeders and custom installation.
  • the femtocell could operate on frequencies more suitable for in-building coverage lf licensed bands are used, then clearly an operating license will be required, and this will vary between territories.
  • Femtocells need a permanent power supply, as the power amplifier will need to be permanently operating to generate the downlink control channels for UE synchronisation.
  • a custom S-NB-loT femtocell must be developed.
  • the proposed technology can be implemented in both licensed and unlicensed frequency bands ln order to accommodate non-lP data delivery for a store and forward architecture SCEF (Service Capability Exposure Function) components shall be a part of the EPC of the S-NB-loT system.
  • SCEF Service Capability Exposure Function
  • This connection between the SCEF and the application servers is, on a terrestrial LTE/NB-loT network, a permanent connection.
  • the SCEF functions be modified to accommodate for, but not limited to the functions of, buffering of non-lP user data in SCEF from multiple users, mimicking the connection between SCEF and Application Servers on the ground station in the absence of an intersatellite link ln the presence of an available link the link between the SCEF and the application servers may be made permanent and implemented as recommended by the 3 GPP NB-loT standard. It should be noted that features described for a specific embodiment described herein may be combined with the features of other embodiments unless the contrary is explicitly mentioned. Based on the description and figures that has been provided, a person with ordinary skills in the art will be enabled to develop a computer program for implementing the described methods without undue burden.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un réseau de communication de données cellulaires non-terrestre comprenant au moins une station de base pour connecter au moins un dispositif terminal audit réseau, la station de base étant hébergée sur une charge utile de satellite. Le système proposé permet le déploiement de systèmes basés sur l'IdO dans des zones à distance où aucune infrastructure de réseau fixe n'est disponible, tout en utilisant les ressources disponibles limitées à la fois à bord du satellite et des dispositifs terminaux avec soin.
PCT/EP2019/077808 2018-10-12 2019-10-14 Système de l'internet des objets de satellite Ceased WO2020074745A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18200058.8 2018-10-12
EP18200058 2018-10-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020074745A1 true WO2020074745A1 (fr) 2020-04-16

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118804111A (zh) * 2024-07-16 2024-10-18 深圳市微星物联科技有限公司 一种用于防灾的卫星物联网传输容量智能分配方法
WO2025010573A1 (fr) * 2023-07-07 2025-01-16 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Procédé et appareil de communication reposant sur ntn, et dispositif de communication, système de communication et support de stockage

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3048745A1 (fr) * 2015-01-20 2016-07-27 Airbus Defence and Space Limited Noeud pour réseau spatial recevant des données de noeuds terrestres et spatiaux.
FR3064856A1 (fr) * 2017-04-04 2018-10-05 Thales Procede de communication spatiale pour des services iot et systemes spatial de telecommunications correspondant

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3048745A1 (fr) * 2015-01-20 2016-07-27 Airbus Defence and Space Limited Noeud pour réseau spatial recevant des données de noeuds terrestres et spatiaux.
FR3064856A1 (fr) * 2017-04-04 2018-10-05 Thales Procede de communication spatiale pour des services iot et systemes spatial de telecommunications correspondant

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025010573A1 (fr) * 2023-07-07 2025-01-16 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Procédé et appareil de communication reposant sur ntn, et dispositif de communication, système de communication et support de stockage
CN118804111A (zh) * 2024-07-16 2024-10-18 深圳市微星物联科技有限公司 一种用于防灾的卫星物联网传输容量智能分配方法

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