WO2019219415A1 - Connection element for a braking device for a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a connection element (3) for a braking device (2) for a vehicle (1), comprising a cable element (5) and a brake element (7). The cable element (5) has a first end (6a) which can be connected to an anchoring element (4). The cable element (5) has a second end (6b) which is connected to the braking element (7). The braking element (7) can be connected to the vehicle. The braking element (7) hast at least two sections (8), wherein the sections (8) are arranged in such a way that they can be extended one after the other with the influence of a tensile force (F) on the cable element (5).

Description

 Verbindungsunqselement for a braking device for a vehicle

The present invention relates to a connecting element for a braking device for a vehicle having the features of claim 1, a braking device for a vehicle having the features of claim 10 and a vehicle having the features of claim 1 1.

Today's vehicles are usually equipped with friction brakes and the braking force is transmitted to the road via the tire contact patch. The maximum braking force is limited by the tire, in particular by the prevailing coefficient of friction between the tire and the road. This coefficient of friction can vary greatly depending on the road surface or condition, z. As wet or dry road, icy road and mixed areas. Will you now much lower

Braking distances reach around fatal accidents z. B. to prevent pedestrians, only very small improvements can be achieved with optimizations on the tires. In order to achieve deceleration far beyond the usual coarse 10 m / s ^A 2, new brake systems are necessary.

From DE 102008024755 A1 an emergency braking system for a motor vehicle is known. The emergency brake system has a brake element which is connected to the vehicle by means of a connecting element. The connecting element may be formed as a rope.

The present invention is based on the object of the present invention to propose an improved way to connect an anchoring element with a vehicle. This is to allow an abrupt braking of the vehicle, so that possibly fatal accidents can be prevented. In addition, the forces acting on the vehicle users forces should not be abrupt.

The present invention proposes, based on the above object, a connecting element for a braking device for a vehicle according to claim 1, a braking device for a vehicle according to claim 10 and a vehicle according to claim 1 1 before. Further advantageous embodiments and developments will become apparent from the dependent claims. A connecting element for a braking device for a vehicle has a cable element and a brake element. The cable element has a first end which is connectable to an anchoring element. The cable element has a second end which is connected to the brake element. The brake element is connectable to the vehicle. The brake element has at least two sections, wherein the sections are arranged such that they can be stretched one after the other when a tensile force is exerted on the cable element. The vehicle is a land vehicle, e.g. As a car or commercial vehicle.

The brake device serves to abruptly decelerate the vehicle traveling along the roadway at a certain speed from this speed. In this case, the braking force in order to brake the vehicle completely, applied in a shorter period of time than in conventional disc or drum brakes. The braking process is initiated only when a conventional braking with the usual vehicle brake (disc brake, drum brake, etc.) can no longer prevent an accident. The braking device is thus activated only in emergency situations, for example, when a sensor system of the vehicle detects that an accident is imminent, which can not be prevented in the conventional manner.

The cable element can be connected with its first end to the anchoring element. Connectable means that a connection with the anchoring element can be made when the connecting element is used in a braking device. The anchoring element serves to be positively anchored to the road and / or non-positively.

The cable element may be formed as a steel cable. Alternatively, the cable element can be formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic composite (FKV) or from another suitable material. The cable element is shaped such that it does not rupture under load due to a braking operation with the brake device.

The cable element is connected at its second end to the brake element. This connection is designed such that it under load due to a braking operation with the brake device does not crack. This connection is preferably formed directly, ie without intermediate elements. Alternatively, the cable element and the brake element may be formed from the same cable, wherein the cable element and the brake element each represent a geometric region.

The brake member may be connected to the vehicle when the connector is used in a brake device in a vehicle. This connection can either be directly formed, or indirectly via intermediary elements. The brake element is that element of the connecting element that is mainly involved in a braking process. The brake member is configured such that it can release kinetic energy of the vehicle when the connector is used in a brake device in the vehicle.

For this purpose, the braking element is formed by means of at least two sections which are arranged relative to one another in such a way that they can be stretched one after the other when the tensile force acts on the cable element. Stretchable here means that each section can be pulled straight and then stretched. Of course, the brake element may have more than two sections. Each section is formed by means of a rope or wire. For example, each section may be formed by means of a wire, steel cord, FKV rope, or other suitable material. The sections may be either geometric sections of the same, for example rope, or separate physical sections.

The tensile force is caused in a braking operation with the braking device due to the anchoring of the anchoring element with the roadway. In this case, the vehicle moves away from the anchoring element which is connected to the roadway. As a result, first the rope element is tensioned by means of the tensile force. Subsequently, the tensile force acts on the brake element. As a result, first a first section of the at least two sections is stretched. Subsequently, a second section of the at least two sections is stretched. Again, another section of the at least two sections is stretched when the brake element For example, the first section may be fully stretched before the second section is stretched. Alternatively, the stretching of the second portion may already be initiated if the stretch of the first portion is not yet completed or is about to be terminated. Upon completing the stretch, the affected section is either pulled straight to a maximum length or tears.

An advantage of the connecting element shown here is that by means of the braking element in a braking operation, a controlled or staggered force is applied to reduce the kinetic energy of the vehicle. As a result, no sudden force acts on a possible vehicle user when braking abruptly by means of the braking device, but rather a delayed or gradual force. This reduces the impact on the vehicle user due to the braking process. In addition, measures can be taken in the time gained to protect the vehicle user.

According to one embodiment, the connecting element additionally has a housing, wherein the braking element within the housing and the cable element are at least partially disposed within the housing. The housing is connectable to the vehicle. The housing serves to protect the brake element from external influences such. B. contamination.

The housing is configured such that it can be connected to a vehicle when the connecting element can be used in a braking device of a vehicle. In this case, the housing is preferably fastened to the bottom of the vehicle, that is to say on the side of the vehicle which faces the roadway. The housing may, for example, be connected to an axle or to a body or to another suitable location of the vehicle. Alternatively, the housing may be connected to the vehicle at another suitable location.

The brake element is connected to the housing. The brake element is connected to the vehicle via the housing when the connecting element is used in a braking device of a vehicle. Before initiating the brake Operation, the braking element is disposed completely within the housing. Only after completion of the braking operation, the brake element is at least partially disposed outside of the housing. The cable element is at least partially disposed within the housing before the initiation of the braking process. Only after completion of the braking process is the cable element completely outside the housing. Alternatively, the cable element is always arranged completely outside the housing.

According to a further embodiment, the at least two sections are arranged parallel to one another. Each of the at least two sections is connected to the cable element. The at least two sections are set up in such a way that, in addition, they are able to be torn one after the other when the tensile force acts on the cable element.

When the connecting element is thus used in a braking device of a vehicle, during a braking operation, a tensile force acts on the brake element, as already described. As a result, first the first section of the at least two sections is stretched until it breaks. Subsequently, the second portion of the at least two sections is stretched until it breaks. Again, another section of the at least two sections is stretched until it breaks, when the brake element has more than two sections. For example, the first section may tear before the second section is stretched. Alternatively, the stretching of the second section may already be initiated if the stretch of the first section is not yet completed and the first section is not yet torn or about to rupture. The additional cracking additionally reduces the kinetic energy of the vehicle during a braking operation when the connecting element is used in a braking device of the vehicle.

So that the at least two sections can tear one after the other, it is preferred that the sections are formed differently from one another. For this purpose, each of the at least two sections may have a different length from each other. Alternatively or additionally, each of the at least two sections may have a different thickness from each other. Again alternatively or additionally, each of the at least two sections may be different from one another Material formed, these materials differ by their modulus of elasticity. Of course, a combination of it is possible.

Furthermore, the brake element of the connecting element in the embodiment just described on an additional section. This is the portion left after the braking operation has ended to connect the cable element to the housing. This additional portion is designed such that it does not tear when exposed to the tensile force on the cable element. By means of the additional section, the vehicle remains connected to the anchoring element after completion of the braking operation.

According to a further embodiment, the at least two sections are arranged in series with each other, a first of the at least two sections being connected to the cable element and a second of the at least two sections being connected to the first of the at least two sections. If the brake element has more than two sections, the further section is connected to the second of the at least two sections, etc. The last section of the at least two sections is connected to the housing or can be connected to the vehicle.

The sections may be uniformly shaped. For example, all sections may be formed of the same material and have the same length and thickness. This may be the case, for example, if the sections are geometric sections of the same rope. Alternatively, the sections may be formed differently from each other. For this purpose, each of the at least two sections may have a different length from each other. Alternatively or additionally, each of the at least two sections may have a different thickness from each other. Again alternatively or additionally, each of the at least two sections may be formed from a mutually different material, these materials differing by their modulus of elasticity. Of course, a combination of it is possible.

According to a further embodiment, the at least two sections are arranged meandering to each other. In addition, these are connected to one another by means of at least one stitching. This at least one suturing is so arranged. tet, that this is rupturable upon application of the tensile force on the cable element. Of course, there may be more than one suturing. Meandering means that the sections are formed, for example, loop-shaped or folded. This meandering arrangement is a formation of the arrangement of the sections in series.

These at least two sections are sewn together, so z. B. connected in the manner of a Bandfalldämpfers together. That is, the brake element is a continuous rope that is folded such that there are at least two (looped) sections sewn together. Before a braking operation, the at least one sewing of the braking element is undamaged, so not cracked. The connecting element can be z. B. be rolled up. In a braking operation, the at least two sections are being pulled straight and stretched. This breaks the at least one stitching and is destroyed irreversibly. By this cracking, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is additionally reduced in a braking operation when the connecting element is used in a braking device of a vehicle.

According to a further embodiment, each of the at least two sections has a thickening at at least one of its connecting points. A thickening is z. B. as a material thickening to understand. Alternatively, a thickening by means of a thickening element, for example by means of a clamp, a nut, a spacer o.ä. be educated. A connection point of a section is the point at which a section is connected to another section or the cable element. A section may either have a thickening at only one of its connection points or at both connection points.

For example, the at least two sections may be formed uniformly with each other, wherein the thickenings may also be formed uniformly to each other. Alternatively, the at least two sections and their thickenings may be formed differently from each other, as already explained in the previous description. According to a further embodiment, each of the at least two sections is arranged between two partitions. For this purpose, the brake element additionally on partitions. Each partition has a recess through which the respective section is guided. These recesses are dimensioned such that they can be blocked by means of the thickenings. Each partition wall is deformable when exposed to the tensile force on the cable element.

Each partition is connected to the housing and disposed within the housing. The partitions are arranged spaced from each other. These distances can either be equidistant or different from each other. Each partition is formed for example of a metal sheet or of an elastic material.

The recesses are formed for example as a through hole. These recesses are material-free. Preferably, the recesses are arranged such that they lie on a straight line. Alternatively, the recesses are offset from one another. Again, preferably, the recesses are arranged centrally in the respective partition. Alternatively, the recesses are not arranged centrally in the respective partition. The recesses are dimensioned so that the thickening of the respective sections they can not pass. So if a tensile force acts on the sections, the thickenings block the respective recesses. Only when the tensile force exceeds a certain threshold, the respective thickening can break through their corresponding recess and thus happen after the partition, which has this recess has been deformed.

The first section is arranged between a first and a second partition wall. The second section is arranged between the second partition wall and a third partition wall. If the brake element has further sections, the further section is arranged between the third partition wall and a further partition wall. The thickening of the first section at the connection point between the first section and the cable element contacts the first partition wall at the latest during a braking operation and blocks the recess of the same. The thickening is arranged on the side of the first partition, which is the cable element turned away. Likewise, the thickening of the second section at the connection point between the first section and the second section contacts the second partition wall at the latest during a braking operation and blocks the recess thereof. The thickening is arranged on the side of the second partition, which faces away from the cable element.

If, during a braking operation, the tensile force acts on the brake element, the partitions are bent one after the other in the direction of the cable element, since the thickenings pull the partitions in the direction of the cable element. In addition, the thickenings can break through the partitions after deformation in succession, when the tensile force acts on the brake element. By deforming the partitions in addition to the stretching of the sections and possibly by the additional breaking of the partitions kinetic energy of the vehicle is degraded when the connecting element is used in a braking device of the vehicle.

According to a further embodiment, each of the at least two sections has a mutually different length and / or a thickness different from each other. This has already been described in the previous description.

According to a further embodiment, each of the at least two sections is formed of a mutually different material, these materials differ by their modulus of elasticity. This has already been described in the previous description. The materials of the sections are selected such that they are stretched at different times during the braking process and tear if necessary.

A braking device for a vehicle has an anchoring element. The braking device also has a connecting element which has already been described in the previous description. The connecting element is connected to the anchoring element.

The connecting element can also be connected to a vehicle. That is, the connector is connected to the vehicle when the brake device is used in a vehicle. The connecting element can, for example, be connected to an axle or with a body or with another suitable location of the vehicle. The connecting element can be connected to the vehicle, for example via the housing, or directly when the braking device is used in a vehicle. At the connection point, the vehicle is stiffened, for example, so that no deformation of the vehicle as a result of the braking process can occur.

When the braking operation is to take place, the anchoring element is moved out of a rest position onto the roadway. There, it then connects positively and / or non-positively with the road. This movement occurs suddenly, for example, the anchoring element is shot on the road. This can be done for example by means of a pyrotechnic triggering mechanism. The anchoring element is housed in its rest position on the vehicle, for. B. on one of the lane facing side of the vehicle. The rest position is the position in which the anchoring element is in a ferry operation of the vehicle. In this rest position, the brake device can build up no braking force.

The anchoring element can, for. B. at least one mandrel, by means of which the anchoring element is positively connected to the roadway. This mandrel is thus rammed into the roadway, d. H. connected to the road to make the positive connection between the road and the anchoring element. This is done by means of the triggering mechanism. Of course, the anchoring element may have more than one mandrel. Alternatively or additionally, the anchoring element may have a vacuum generator and be stuck to the roadway. As a result, a frictional connection is established.

During the braking process, the individual sections of the braking element of the connecting element are stretched, as already shown in the previous description. Thereby, the kinetic energy of a vehicle can be reduced when the brake device is used in a vehicle. Depending on the shape of the connecting element, either the sections of the connecting element can additionally tear or the sutures can tear. As a result, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is further reduced. An advantage of the braking device is that the vehicle can be slowed down faster than by a conventional vehicle brake. Thus, accidents can be prevented that can not be prevented by conventional vehicle brakes.

A vehicle has a braking device which has already been described in the previous description. The connecting element is connected to the vehicle. This compound can either be direct, d. H. without intermediate elements, or indirectly, d. H. via at least one intermediate element. For example, the connecting element can be connected to the vehicle via the housing. The connection between the brake device and the vehicle is such that it does not dissolve during a braking operation, but remains stable.

If, during a ferry operation of the vehicle, an impending accident is detected which can not be prevented by means of the conventional vehicle brakes, the triggering mechanism of the brake device is actuated, for example, by means of a central control device of the vehicle. The trigger mechanism then activates the brake device. The anchoring element of the braking device is shot onto the roadway and establishes by means of its at least one mandrel a positive and / or non-positive connection between the roadway and the anchoring element.

However, the vehicle initially moves on, ie away from the anchoring element. As a result, a tensile force builds up, which acts on the connecting element. By this tensile force, the at least two sections are pulled straight and stretched. As a result, kinetic energy of the vehicle is reduced. On the vehicle thus acts a braking force. This acts until the vehicle has come to a standstill. This is done in a shorter period of time than in a conventional vehicle brake. Furthermore, the braking distance is significantly shortened compared to a conventional vehicle brake. Various embodiments and details of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the figures explained below. Show it:

1 is a schematic representation of a vehicle with a braking device according to an embodiment,

2 is a schematic representation of a connecting element before a braking operation according to a further embodiment,

3 shows a schematic representation of a diagram which shows the reduction of kinetic energy by means of the connecting element from FIG. 2,

4 shows a schematic illustration of a connecting element before a braking operation according to a further exemplary embodiment,

5 is a schematic representation of a connecting element before a braking operation according to a further embodiment,

Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the connecting element according to the embodiment of Fig. 5 during the braking process.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a vehicle 1 with a braking device 2 according to an embodiment. The vehicle 1 has the brake device 2. This brake device 2 has an anchoring element 4 and a connecting element 3. The connecting element 3 in turn has a cable element 5 and a brake element 7. The connecting element 3 is connected to the anchoring element 4. In addition, the connecting element 3 is connected to the vehicle 1. Here is the connecting element 3 z. B. connected to an axle of the vehicle 1.

This connection is made via a housing 9 of the connecting element 3. Within this housing 9, the brake element 7 is arranged. The exact shape of the brake element 7 is shown in more detail in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 or Fig. 5 to 6. In the braking operation shown here, the vehicle 1 is braked out of a movement in a direction of movement R out. The vehicle 1 moves on the roadway B. In order to decelerate the vehicle 1 by means of the braking device 2, the anchoring element 4 is first moved onto the carriageway B during the braking process. The anchoring element 4 may, for. B. be shot on the lane B. This can be done for example by means of a pyrotechnic release. The anchoring element 4 then anchors on the road B. This is done by means of several mandrels 13. Thus, the anchoring element 4 produces a positive connection with the carriageway B.

Since the vehicle 1 wants to continue to move in the direction of movement R, a tensile force acts on the connecting element 3 of the brake device 2. As a result, the cable element 5 is tightened. In addition, the portions of the braking element 7, which are arranged within the housing 9, are stretched in succession. As a result, a braking force K acts on the vehicle 1. Thus, this is stopped. In this case, the braking operation of the vehicle 1 takes place abruptly. The vehicle 1 can be braked faster by means of the braking device 2 than with a conventional vehicle brake, which is designed for example as a disc brake.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a connecting element 3 before a braking operation according to a further embodiment. Shown is a greatly simplified sectional view of the connecting element. 3

The connecting element 3 has a brake element 7 and a cable element 5. The cable element 5 has a first end 6a and a second 6b. By means of its first end 6a, the cable element 5 can be connected to an anchoring element 4. By means of its second end 6 b, the cable element 5 is connected to the brake element 7. The brake element 7 is formed by five mutually different sections 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and by an additional section 16. The sections 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and the additional section 16 are arranged parallel to one another. Each of these sections 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and the additional section 16 are connected to the cable element 5. In this case, a first section 8a is the shortest cable section. The additional section 16 is the longest cable section. A second portion 8b is longer than the first portion 8a. A third section 8c is longer as the second section 8b. A fourth section 8d is longer than the third section 8c. A fifth section 8e is longer than the fourth section 8d.

Each of these sections 8 a, 8 b, 8 c, 8 d, 8 e and the additional section 16 are connected to a housing 9. All portions 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and the additional portion 16 are disposed within the housing 9, if no braking has occurred yet. In addition, a portion of the cable element 5 is disposed within the housing 9. The housing 9 has an opening 14 through which the cable element 5 is guided. In addition, during the braking process, each section 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and possibly a portion of the additional section 16 can be guided through this opening 14.

Each section 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e is in this case designed so that they are initially stretched due to a tensile force F and then can break. This is done one after the other. The order of stretching and tearing is determined by the length of the individual sections 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e. Thus, first, the first portion 8a is stretched and torn. Lastly, the fifth section 8e is stretched and torn. The additional section, however, serves to connect the cable element 5 after completion of the braking process still with the vehicle 1. This prevents the vehicle 1 from tearing off the anchoring element 4 and moving on if the braking force is insufficient.

During a braking operation, a tensile force F is thus first applied to the cable element 5. This is completely pulled out of the housing 9. As a result, first the first portion 8a is stretched until it breaks. While the first portion 8a is still included in the elongation, the second portion 8b is already stretched. As soon as the first section 8a has broken, the second section 8b is further stretched until it breaks. The third section 8c is already stretched while the second section 8b is still included in the stretch. Only after the second section 8b is torn, the third section 8c is stretched until it breaks. This is done subsequently with the fourth section 8d and the fifth section 8e. Overall, therefore, all the sections 8a to 8e are stretched one after the other and torn. The additional section 16, however, tears Not. Thus, in total, over a certain distance approximately constant braking force is applied to the cable element 5. This is shown in more detail in FIG.

Due to the strains and tearing, kinetic energy of a vehicle is released when the connector 3 is used in a brake device 2, as shown in FIG. 1, for example.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a diagram which shows the breakdown of a kinetic energy by means of the connecting element 3 from FIG. 2. An additional braking force 102 is applied across a braking path 101. Shown here is a specific example of an emergency braking, in which a braking operation at about 50 km / h with a delay of about 3 g is performed. 1 g is provided by a conventional vehicle brake and 2 g by the brake device 2.

This results in a maximum braking distance of about 3 m. Within this 3 m brings the brake device 2 in an approximately 2,000 kg heavy vehicle 1 an additional braking force 102 of about 40,000 N. This is done by means of sections 8a, 8b, 8c,

8d, 8e of the brake element 7. Shown here are the tensile force characteristics of the individual sections 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, which are arranged parallel to one another. Before a section 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e tears, at least one other section 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e is already somewhat stretched. Thus, the sum force curve can be controlled. The maximum of the respective tensile force characteristic represents the point at which the respective section 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e ruptures.

It can clearly be seen that first the first section 8a breaks, then the second section 8b, then again the third section 8c, then again the fourth section 8d and finally the fifth section 8e. When the first portion 8a breaks, the second portion 8b is already stretched. When the second portion 8b breaks, the third portion 8c is already stretched. When the third portion 8c tears, the fourth portion 8d is already stretched. When the fourth section 8d breaks, the fifth section 8e is already stretched. At the end of the braking process, the vehicle 1 has come to a standstill. Here, however, only a specific example is shown. Of course, the additional braking force may be more than 40,000 N or less than 40,000 N. The braking distance may be more than 3 m or less than 3 m. The necessary additional braking force and the required braking distance are directly related to the mass of the vehicle 1, with the initial speed of the vehicle 1 and with the exact shape of the connecting element. 3

4 shows a schematic representation of a connecting element 3 before a braking operation according to a further exemplary embodiment. The connecting element 3 has a cable element 5, a brake element 7 and a housing 9. The cable element 5 has a first end 6a, by means of which it can be connected to an anchoring element. Furthermore, the cable element 5 has a second end 6 b, with which it is connected to the brake element 7.

The brake element 7 is arranged completely inside the housing 9 before the braking process. The cable element 5 is partially disposed within the housing 9. The brake element 7 is connected to the housing 9. The housing 9 can be connected to a vehicle. For example, the housing 9 can be connected to an axle of a vehicle. The housing 9 has an opening 14 through which the cable element 5 is guided before and during the braking process takes place. The opening 14 is such that even the portions 8 of the brake member 7 can be guided by these when the braking operation takes place.

The brake element 7 has a plurality of sections 8, which are arranged in series and which are uniformly shaped to one another. The sections 8 are geometric sections 8 of the same rope. For simplicity, only two of these sections 8 are provided with a reference numeral. In each case at least two of these sections 8 are connected to each other by means of a suturing 10. Either two sections 8 can be connected by means of the sewing 10 or more than two sections 8. For a better overview, only one stitching 10 is provided with a reference numeral. The sections 8 are arranged meandering to each other and form loops. If a tensile force F now acts on the cable element 5 during a braking operation, the individual sections 8 of the brake element 7 are stretched. This is done one after the other. Due to these strains, the sutures 10 tear open one after the other. Due to the strains and the tearing, a kinetic energy of a vehicle is released when the connecting element 3 is used in a brake device 2, as shown for example in FIG. As a result of the braking process so the sections 8 of the brake element 7 are straightened.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a connecting element 3 before a braking operation according to a further embodiment. The connecting element 3 has a cable element 5, a brake element 7 and a housing 9. The cable element 5 has a first end 6a, by means of which the cable element 5 can be connected to an anchoring element. The cable element 5 has a second end 6 b, by means of which it is connected to the brake element 7.

The brake element 7 has a plurality of sections 8. These are arranged in series with each other. Each of these sections 8 is formed uniformly with each other. For clarity, only two sections 8 are provided with a reference numeral. Each section 8 has at its two ends a thickening 1 1. At the points where two sections 8 are connected to each other, these sections 8 share a thickening 11. The sections 8 are geometric sections 8 of the same rope.

The brake element 7 also has a plurality of partitions 12. Each section 8 is arranged between two partitions 12. Each partition wall 12 has a recess 15. This recess 15 is dimensioned such that the thickenings 1 1, the recesses 15 can not happen without effort. That is, the thickenings 1 1 block the recesses 15. Each partition wall 12 is connected to the housing 9. All partitions 12 and sections 8 and thickenings 1 1 are disposed within the housing 9 before braking. The cable element 5 is arranged in a partial area within the housing 9. The housing 9 has an opening 14 through which the cable element 5 is guided. Through this opening 14, the sections 8 can be performed during the braking process. Each partition 12 is formed so that it is deformable. This deformation is shown in Fig. 6 in more detail.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of the connecting element 3 according to the embodiment of Fig. 5 during the braking process. As a result of the tensile force F, a first portion 8 of the brake member 7 is straightened and stretched. The thickening 1 1 of the first section 8 at the connection point between the cable element 5 and the first section 8 has exerted a tensile force on the first partition wall 12a so long that it has been deformed. Thus, here a deformed partition wall 12a is shown. Since the tensile force F continued to persist, the thickening 1 1 has broken through the recess 15 of the deformed partition 12 a. As a result, the recess 15 has been enlarged. This breakthrough occurred only after the partition wall 12a was deformed.

If the tensile force F now acts on the cable element 5 and thus on the sections 8 of the brake element 7, the individual sections 8 are stretched one after the other and the individual partitions 12 are deformed one after the other. In addition, the individual thickenings 1 1 break through the recesses 15 of the respective partition walls 12. This takes place in succession because the sections 8 are arranged in series. Due to the strains and the deformations a kinetic energy of a vehicle is reduced when the connecting element 3 is used in a braking device 2, as shown for example in Fig. 1.

It is advantageous in all of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 2, 4, 5 and 6 that the required braking force K in order to decelerate the vehicle 1 is not applied all at once, but gradually. As a result, the effects on vehicle users are lower than in the case of a sudden application of a high braking force K. In all exemplary embodiments, the braking process is initiated only when an imminent accident is detected.

The examples shown here are only examples. For example, each section in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be a separate section, ie no section of the same cable. These sections may then have a different thickness or one have different length or a different material with a mutually different modulus of elasticity. Of course, a combination of these possibilities is possible. The same applies to the sections of FIG. 2. These may have, in addition to their different lengths, a different thickness and / or a different material with a different modulus of elasticity. It can also have the partitions of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 have a mutually different distance. The number of sections is not fixed to the number shown in the figures. The braking element may have more or fewer sections than shown in the figures, but at least two sections.

Bezuaszeichen

1 vehicle

 braking device

 connecting element

 anchoring element

 cable element

 a first end

 b second end

 7 brake element

 8 section

 8a section

 8b section

 8c section

 8d section

 8e section

 9 housing

 10 stitching

 11 thickening

 12 wall

 12a deformed partition

 13 thorn

 14 opening

 15 recess

 16 additional section

 101 braking distance

 102 additional braking force

B carriageway

 F pulling power

 K braking force

 R movement direction

Claims

claims A connecting element (3) for a braking device (2) for a vehicle (1), comprising a cable element (5), and a brake element (7), the cable element (5) having a first end (6a) Anchoring element (4) is connectable, wherein the cable element (5) has a second end (6b) which is connected to the brake element (7), wherein the brake element (7) is connectable to the vehicle, characterized in that the brake element ( 7) has at least two sections (8), wherein the sections (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e) are arranged such that they can be stretched successively upon the action of a tensile force (F) on the cable element (5). Second connecting element (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element (3) additionally comprises a housing (9), wherein the braking element (7) within the housing (9) and the cable element (5) at least partially within the housing (9) are arranged, wherein the housing (9) with the vehicle (1) is connectable. 3. Connecting element (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least two sections (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e) are arranged parallel to each other, wherein each of the at least two sections (8, 8a, 8b , 8c, 8d, 8e) is connected to the cable element (5), wherein the at least two sections (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e) are set up in such a way that they additionally act upon the tensile force (F) Rope element (5) are tearable in succession. 4. Connecting element (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least two sections (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e) are arranged in series with each other, wherein a first of the at least two sections (8) the rope element (5) is connected and a second of the at least two sections (8) with the first of the at least two sections (8). 5. connecting element (3) according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least two sections (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e) are meander-shaped to each other and are connected to each other by means of at least one stitching (10), wherein this at least one stitching (10) is arranged such that it can be ruptured upon the action of the tensile force (F) on the cable element (5). 6. connecting element (3) according to claim 4, characterized in that each of the at least two sections (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e) at least one of its connection points has a thickening (11). A connecting element (3) according to claims 2 and 6, characterized in that each of the at least two sections (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e) is arranged between two dividing walls (12), each dividing wall (12) forming a Recess (15) through which the respective section (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e) is guided, wherein these recesses (15) are dimensioned such that they are blockable by means of the thickenings (11), each Partition (12) upon application of the tensile force (F) on the cable element (5) is deformable. 8. Connecting element (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the at least two sections (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e) has a mutually different length and / or a mutually different thickness. 9. connecting element (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the at least two sections (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e) is formed of a mutually different material, said materials by their E Differ module. 10. Braking device (2) for a vehicle (1) comprising an anchoring element (4), characterized in that the braking device (2) comprises a connecting element (3) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting element (3) with the anchoring element (3). 4) is connected. 11. Vehicle (1), characterized in that the vehicle has a braking device (2) according to claim 10, wherein the connecting element (3) to the vehicle (1) is connected.