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WO2019218141A1 - 一种剪切波弹性测量方法及剪切波弹性成像系统 - Google Patents

一种剪切波弹性测量方法及剪切波弹性成像系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019218141A1
WO2019218141A1 PCT/CN2018/086840 CN2018086840W WO2019218141A1 WO 2019218141 A1 WO2019218141 A1 WO 2019218141A1 CN 2018086840 W CN2018086840 W CN 2018086840W WO 2019218141 A1 WO2019218141 A1 WO 2019218141A1
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Prior art keywords
shear wave
shear
target area
echo signal
wave
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PCT/CN2018/086840
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李双双
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Shenzhen Mindray Scientific Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Shenzhen Mindray Scientific Co Ltd
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Application filed by Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd, Shenzhen Mindray Scientific Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2018/086840 priority Critical patent/WO2019218141A1/zh
Priority to CN201880056527.2A priority patent/CN111050661B/zh
Priority to CN202310909370.6A priority patent/CN116869567A/zh
Publication of WO2019218141A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019218141A1/zh
Priority to US17/097,881 priority patent/US11998392B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US18/656,448 priority patent/US12490958B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
    • A61B8/485—Diagnostic techniques involving measuring strain or elastic properties
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
    • A61B8/461—Displaying means of special interest
    • A61B8/463—Displaying means of special interest characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
    • A61B8/467—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient characterised by special input means
    • A61B8/469—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient characterised by special input means for selection of a region of interest
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5207—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data, e.g. for generating an image
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B8/5223—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/54—Control of the diagnostic device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/043—Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
    • G01N29/0654—Imaging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
    • G01S7/52019—Details of transmitters
    • G01S7/5202—Details of transmitters for pulse systems
    • G01S7/52022—Details of transmitters for pulse systems using a sequence of pulses, at least one pulse manipulating the transmissivity or reflexivity of the medium
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
    • G01S7/52023—Details of receivers
    • G01S7/52036—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation
    • G01S7/52042—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation determining elastic properties of the propagation medium or of the reflective target
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
    • G01S7/52085—Details related to the ultrasound signal acquisition, e.g. scan sequences
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
    • G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/02827—Elastic parameters, strength or force
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/042—Wave modes
    • G01N2291/0422—Shear waves, transverse waves, horizontally polarised waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shear wave elastic measuring method and a shear wave elastic imaging system.
  • Medical ultrasound elastography mainly refers to a series of imaging and signal processing techniques for the purpose of showing differences in tissue elasticity; and the acquired tissue elasticity difference (or softness and hardness) information for the auxiliary detection of cancer lesions, benign and malignant discrimination and prognosis recovery There are important applications in evaluation and other aspects.
  • Pressure elastography has the longest development time and the most mature technology, but it has higher requirements for operators. Pressure elastography mainly produces a certain deformation by pressing the tissue by the probe.
  • the probe calculates and records the parameters related to tissue elasticity, such as strain and strain rate, by transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving echo signals, thereby reflecting the differences between different tissues.
  • the difference in elasticity since the strain parameters such as strain and strain rate are sensitive to pressure, the pressure applied to the tissue by the probe in the pressure elastography technique needs to be as uniform and stable as possible, which is higher for the operator. Requirements.
  • the pressure applied by the operator to the tissue by the probe is difficult to maintain between different operations, the repeatability and stability of the imaging are also difficult to ensure.
  • the shear wave elastography technique mainly generates shear waves in the tissue and detects or calculates the propagation parameters (such as the propagation velocity).
  • the propagation parameters of the shear wave due to the degree of elasticity (or softness and hardness) of the tissue. The influence is generated, so the propagation parameters of the shear wave can reflect the elastic difference (or softness and hardness) of the tissue, that is, the above-mentioned detected propagation parameters can be used for the elastic imaging.
  • Shear wave elastography has made great progress in stability and repeatability because it no longer relies on the operator to specifically apply pressure to the tissue like pressure elastography; however, due to the need to detect or calculate the propagation parameters of the shear wave, In the system of shear wave elastography, the detection or calculation method is often complicated, and the amount of data to be processed is also large, which requires high performance of the system.
  • a shear wave elastic measurement method comprising: generating a first shear wave at a first position on a boundary of a target area; generating a second position at a second position on a boundary of the target area a second shear wave, wherein the second position is on a propagation path of the first shear wave; ultrasonic waves are transmitted to a third position to detect the first shear wave and the second shear wave, and receive An echo of the ultrasonic wave to obtain an echo signal, wherein the third position is outside the target area and the first shear wave propagates through the second position to the third position; The echo signal obtains a time when the first shear wave propagates to the third position and a time when the second shear wave propagates to the third position; based on the first shear wave propagation reaching the The time of the third position, the time at which the second shear wave propagates to the third position, and the distance between the first position and the second position obtain an elasticity parameter of the target region.
  • a shear wave elastography system comprising: a probe; a launch controller that controls the probe to generate a first shear wave at a first position on a boundary of a target area And generating a second shear wave at a second position on a boundary of the target area, wherein the second position is on a propagation path of the first shear wave; the emission controller further controls the probe to a third position Transmitting ultrasonic waves to detect the first shear wave and the second shear wave, wherein the third position is outside the target area and the first shear wave propagates through the second position to a third position; a receiving controller, the receiving controller controlling the probe to receive an echo of the ultrasonic wave transmitted to the third position to obtain an echo signal; and an image processor, the image processor according to The echo signal obtains a time when the first shear wave propagates to the third position and a time when the second shear wave propagates to the third position, and based on the first shear wave propagation arrival Narrative
  • a shear wave elastic measurement method comprising: generating a first shear wave at a first position on a boundary of a target area; generating a second position at a second position on a boundary of the target area a second shear wave, wherein the second position is on a propagation path of the first shear wave; ultrasonic waves are transmitted to a third position to detect the first shear wave and the first through the third position Shaking a wave and receiving an echo of the ultrasonic wave to obtain an echo signal, the echo signal including information that the first shear wave and the second shear wave propagate through the third position, Wherein the third position is outside the target area and the first shear wave propagates through the second position to the third position; and an elasticity parameter of the target area is obtained according to the echo signal.
  • a shear wave elastography system comprising: a probe; a launch controller that controls the probe to generate a first shear wave at a first position on a boundary of a target area And generating a second shear wave at a second position on a boundary of the target area, wherein the second position is on a propagation path of the first shear wave; the emission controller further controls the probe to a third position An ultrasonic wave is emitted to detect the first shear wave and the second shear wave passing through the third position, wherein the third position is outside the target area and the first shear wave passes through Transmitting the second position to the third position; receiving a controller, the receiving controller controlling the probe to receive an echo of the ultrasonic wave transmitted to the third position to obtain an echo signal, wherein the echo The signal includes information that the first shear wave and the second shear wave propagate through the third position; an image processor that obtains an elastic parameter of the target region according to the echo signal .
  • the echo signal can be acquired only for a continuous period of time in the third position, according to the continuous segment
  • the echo signal in time to obtain the elastic parameter corresponding to the target region not only the position required for acquiring the echo signal is small, but also the total data amount of the echo signal to be acquired is small, and the calculation method is also simple. This greatly reduces the performance requirements of the system.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram showing propagation paths of two shear waves generated in a target region in an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a typical curve of the displacement of the B-point tissue obtained by receiving the echo signals of the two shear waves in FIG. 2 at point B;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a shear wave elastic measurement method according to an embodiment
  • 4(a) and 4(b) are schematic diagrams showing, respectively, a position at which a boundary of a target region is different as a shear wave generating position in an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a shear wave elastic imaging system according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a shear wave elastic imaging system of another embodiment.
  • Medical ultrasound elastography mainly refers to a series of imaging and signal processing technologies for the purpose of showing differences in tissue elasticity.
  • shear waves are generated in tissues, and ultrasonic waves are detected to detect the propagation of shear waves in tissues and according to the received
  • the echo signal is used to calculate the elastic parameters of the shear wave in the tissue.
  • the area filled with diagonal lines indicates the target tissue portion to be understood (ie, it is desirable to know the elasticity or hardness of the part of the organization, etc.), which may be referred to as the target area.
  • the target area can be selected by the user on the ultrasound image, or can be an image area of an organizational structure that is automatically recognized by the system, and the like.
  • the shape of the target area is not limited to the rectangle in FIG. 1, but may be a square or other regular or irregular shape.
  • position B an example of the third position hereinafter
  • ultrasonic waves are used to detect the two shear waves passing through the position B to obtain an echo signal, and the ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the position B through the probe and the echo of the ultrasonic wave is received.
  • Obtaining an echo signal the echo signal containing information of the two shear waves passing through position B; in the above process, when the shear wave is generated, the shear wave generated at A1 is propagated to position B through A2 And the shear wave generated at A2 can also propagate to position B.
  • the shear wave generated at A1 may be referred to as an A1 shear wave (first shear wave); the shear wave generated at A2 may be referred to as Is the A2 shear wave (second shear wave).
  • the shear wave can be emitted by the probe to focus the ultrasonic beam into the interior of the tissue, which is generated by the acoustic radiation force of the ultrasonic beam pushing the tissue.
  • the distance between A1 and A2 can be measured in real time or it can be a preset value.
  • the time difference ⁇ t between the A1 shear wave and the A2 shear wave reaching point B can be obtained according to the echo signal received at point B.
  • FIG. 2 is the point B obtained according to the echo signal received at point B.
  • the sign reaches point B, the time difference ⁇ t between the two peaks is the time difference ⁇ t between the above-mentioned A1 shear wave and the A2 shear wave reaching point B.
  • the A1 shear wave and the A2 shear wave are simultaneously generated, and the other case is that the A1 shear wave and the A2 shear wave are sequentially generated.
  • the A1 shear wave can be before the A2 shear wave. It can also be generated after the A2 shear wave.
  • the concept and principle of calculating the average shear wave velocity of the shear wave in the target region are the same, except that it takes time to obtain the position where the A1 shear wave and the A2 shear wave respectively reach the position where the echo signal is received. The difference is slightly different.
  • the time t1 of the A1 shear wave generation, the time t2 of the A2 shear wave generation time, and the curve of the displacement of the B point tissue obtained according to the echo signal received at the B point with time can be obtained, and the A1 shear wave can be obtained.
  • the time t3 when the point B is reached that is, the time corresponding to the peak with a small amplitude in the curve
  • the time t4 when the A2 shear wave reaches the point B that is, the time corresponding to the peak with a large amplitude in the curve
  • point B is closer to A2, so A1 is cut.
  • the time t3-t1 taken by the wave to reach point B must be greater than the time t4-t2 taken by the A2 shear wave to reach point B, so the time taken by the A1 shear wave and the A2 shear wave to reach the position of the received echo signal, respectively.
  • the difference ⁇ t is (t3-t1)-(t4-t2).
  • E represents the Young's modulus value of the structure
  • G represents the shear modulus of the structure
  • c represents the shear wave velocity
  • ⁇ represents the tissue density. The greater the Young's modulus, the greater the tissue hardness.
  • the embodiment discloses a shear wave elastic measurement method, which includes steps S11 to S15.
  • Step S11 generating a first shear wave at a first position on a boundary of the target area, and generating a second shear wave at a second position on a boundary of the target area, wherein the second position is located at the first shear wave On the propagation path.
  • the second position is different from the first position.
  • the first shear wave may be a set of shear waves
  • the second shear wave may also be a set of shear waves.
  • each set of shear waves may include at least one shear wave, and each shear wave in each set of shear waves may have a corresponding shear in another set of shear waves.
  • the cut wave, the corresponding shear wave wave source of one of the two shear waves is located on the propagation path of the other shear wave.
  • step S11 when the first position and the second position are selected on the boundary of the target area to generate a shear wave, there are many selection strategies, such as FIGS. 4(a) and (b).
  • FIGS. 4(a) and (b) When the generated shear wave propagates more and more tissue in the target region, the more the target region is included in the echo signal received when the shear wave is detected by ultrasonic tracking at the third position (described in detail below).
  • the information of the internal organization and the corresponding calculated elastic parameters of the target area are more accurate. For example, in the present embodiment, the elastic parameters of the target region are calculated, and the two positions A1 and A2 of FIG.
  • step S11 a set of shear waves are respectively generated at two positions having the largest distance on the boundary of the target area, that is, the distance between the selected first position and the second position on the boundary of the target area. maximum.
  • the first position includes a target point
  • the second position also includes a target point
  • the first shear wave includes a shear wave at a target point at the first position
  • the second cut The wave includes a shear wave at a target point in the second position.
  • the first location includes a plurality of target points
  • the second location also includes a plurality of target points
  • the first shear wave includes a plurality of shear waves at respective target points respectively located at the first location
  • the second shear wave includes a plurality of shear waves at respective target points respectively located at the second position, and the plurality of first shear waves respectively propagate through the plurality of target points at the second position to the following Third position.
  • the third position may include a plurality of detection points, each of which corresponds to a pair of first shear waves and second shear waves corresponding to each other.
  • the first shear wave propagates to a corresponding detection point of the pair of shear waves through a corresponding target point of the corresponding second shear wave in the second position.
  • the probe can transmit ultrasonic waves to the detection point and receive ultrasonic echoes to detect the pair of shear waves passing through the detection point.
  • the plurality of target points when the first location includes a plurality of target points, the plurality of target points may be arranged to form a straight line or other shape.
  • the plurality of target points when the second location includes a plurality of target points, the plurality of target points may also be arranged to form a straight line or other shape.
  • the first shear wave and the second shear wave may be emitted by the probe to focus the ultrasonic beam into the inside of the tissue, which is generated by the acoustic radiation force of the ultrasonic beam pushing the tissue.
  • first shear wave and the second shear wave are simultaneously generated, such that subsequent calculations are relatively simple.
  • first shear wave and the second shear wave may also be generated at different times.
  • Step S13 transmitting ultrasonic waves to the third position to detect each pair of corresponding first shear waves and second shear waves, and receiving echoes of the ultrasonic waves to obtain echo signals.
  • the third position is outside the target area and the first shear wave propagates through the second position to the third position.
  • the echo signal includes information of the first shear wave and the second shear wave passing through the third position, such as time-correlated information of the first shear wave passing through the third position and the second shear wave. Time-related information passing through the third location.
  • Step S15 For each pair of corresponding shear waves, obtain an elastic parameter corresponding to the target region according to the echo signal obtained in step S13.
  • step S15 may include: obtaining, according to the echo signal, a time when the first shear wave propagates to the third position and a time when the second shear wave propagates to the third position, and based on the first The time at which the shear wave propagates to the third position, the time at which the second shear wave propagates to the third position, and the distance between the first position and the second position obtain an elastic parameter of the target region.
  • the time difference that the pair of corresponding shear waves respectively reach the third position can be obtained; and based on the time difference and the first position and the second The distance between the positions obtains the elastic parameters corresponding to the target area.
  • the echo signal may be analyzed according to the echo signal described above; according to the curve, the peak of the curve may be considered as two corresponding shear waves respectively reaching the third position.
  • Time the time interval between two adjacent peaks, that is, the time difference between the two shear waves reaching the third position.
  • the corresponding shear waves may be based on each pair.
  • the elastic parameters include one or more of an average shear wave velocity, a Young's modulus, and a shear modulus, or other elastic parameters.
  • the shear wave elastic measuring method may further include: transmitting an ultrasonic beam to the target area, and receiving the ultrasonic echo from the target area. Wave, obtaining an echo signal for forming an ultrasound image; generating and displaying an ultrasound image according to the ultrasound echo; acquiring a selection instruction for the user to select a target region on the ultrasound image, and then determining the first location and the second location according to the selection instruction .
  • the elastic parameter may be superimposed on the ultrasonic image; the display of the elastic parameter may be performed by text or icon, and when the target area changes, the displayed elastic parameter is also updated.
  • the present invention also discloses a shear wave elastography system.
  • the shear wave elastography system includes a probe 11, a launch controller 13, a receiving controller 12, and an image processor 15.
  • the display unit 17 may also be included.
  • the probe 11 includes an array of piezoelectric elements that can be used to emit focused ultrasound waves into tissue to generate shear waves at specific locations within the tissue, and to transmit ultrasound waves to specific locations within the tissue to track or detect the propagation of the shear waves.
  • the emission controller 13 can control the shear wave generation timing and the transmission and reception timing of the ultrasonic beam. Specifically, the emission controller 13 can control the probe 11 to emit a focused ultrasonic wave to a first position on the side of the target area to generate a first cut at the first position on the boundary of the target area by the acoustic radiation force of the focused ultrasonic wave. Cut the wave. The emission controller 13 can also control the probe 11 to emit a focused ultrasonic wave to a second position on the edge of the target area to generate a second shear wave at the second position on the boundary of the target area by the acoustic radiation force of the focused ultrasonic wave. .
  • the second position may be located on the propagation path of the aforementioned first shear wave.
  • the first shear wave may be a set of shear waves
  • the second shear wave may also be a set of shear waves.
  • Each set of shear waves may include at least one shear wave
  • each shear wave in each set of shear waves may have a corresponding shear wave in another set of shear waves, corresponding to the two One of the shear wave sources of one shear wave is located on the propagation path of the other shear wave.
  • the emission controller 13 can control the probe 11 to emit ultrasonic waves to the third position to detect each pair of corresponding first shear waves and second shear waves.
  • the receiving controller 12 can control the probe to receive the echo of the ultrasonic wave to obtain an echo signal.
  • the third position is outside the target area and the first shear wave propagates through the second position to the third position.
  • the echo signal includes information of the first shear wave and the second shear wave passing through the third position, such as time-correlated information of the first shear wave passing through the third position and the second shear wave. Time-related information passing through the third location.
  • the emission controller 13 controls the probe 11 to generate the second shear wave at a second position different from the first position; in an embodiment, the first position and the second position are at the boundary of the target area The distance is the largest.
  • the first position includes a target point
  • the second position also includes a target point
  • the first shear wave includes a shear wave at a target point at the first position
  • the second cut The wave includes a shear wave at a target point in the second position.
  • the first location includes a plurality of target points
  • the second location also includes a plurality of target points
  • the first shear wave includes a plurality of shear waves at respective target points respectively located at the first location
  • the second shear wave includes a plurality of shear waves at respective target points respectively located at the second position, and the plurality of first shear waves respectively propagate to the third through the plurality of target points at the second position position.
  • the third position may include a plurality of detection points, each of which corresponds to a pair of first shear waves and second shear waves corresponding to each other.
  • the first shear wave propagates to a detection point corresponding to the pair of shear waves through a target point corresponding to the corresponding second shear wave in the second position.
  • the emission controller 13 can control the probe 11 to emit ultrasonic waves to the detection point to detect the pair of shear waves passing through the detection point.
  • the receiving controller 12 can control the probe 11 to receive the echo of the ultrasonic wave to obtain an echo signal.
  • the echo signal includes information of the pair of first shear waves and the second shear wave passing through the detection point.
  • the plurality of target points when the first location includes a plurality of target points, the plurality of target points may be arranged to form a straight line or other shape.
  • the plurality of target points when the second location includes a plurality of target points, the plurality of target points may also be arranged to form a straight line or other shape.
  • the first shear wave and the second shear wave can be controlled by the emission controller 13 to emit the focused ultrasonic beam into the interior of the tissue, which is generated by the acoustic radiation force of the ultrasonic beam propelling the tissue.
  • the emission controller 13 controls the probe 11 to simultaneously generate the first shear wave and the second shear wave, such that subsequent calculations are relatively simple.
  • the emission controller 13 can also control the probe 11 to generate the first shear wave and the second shear wave at different times.
  • the image processor 15 may obtain an elasticity parameter corresponding to the target region based on the echo signals obtained as described above for each pair of corresponding shear waves.
  • the elastic parameters obtained by image processor 15 may include one or more of average shear wave velocity, Young's modulus, and shear modulus, or other elastic parameters.
  • the image processor 15 may obtain, according to the echo signal, a time when the first shear wave propagates to the third position and a time when the second shear wave propagates to the third position, and based on the first shear wave.
  • the time of propagation to the third position, the time at which the second shear wave propagates to the third position, and the distance between the first position and the second position obtain an elastic parameter of the target region.
  • the time difference that the pair of corresponding shear waves respectively reach the third position can be obtained; and based on the time difference and the first position and the second The distance between the positions obtains the elastic parameters corresponding to the target area.
  • the echo signal may be analyzed according to the echo signal described above; according to the curve, the peak of the curve may be considered as two corresponding shear waves respectively reaching the third position.
  • Time the time interval between two adjacent peaks, that is, the time difference between the two shear waves reaching the third position.
  • the display unit 17 is used for apparent elastic parameters.
  • the emission controller 13 also controls the probe 11 to transmit an ultrasound beam to the target area
  • the reception controller 12 also controls the probe 11 to receive the ultrasound echo of the ultrasound beam from the target area to obtain an ultrasound image for forming. Echo signal.
  • the image processor 15 can also obtain an ultrasound image of the target area based on the echo signal for forming the ultrasound image.
  • the ultrasound image can be displayed on the display unit 17, and the above-described elastic parameters can be displayed on the ultrasound image.
  • the display unit 17 may display the above elastic parameters by text or icon, and when the target area changes, the displayed elastic parameters are updated accordingly.
  • the shear wave elastography system may further include an instruction acquisition unit 19 for acquiring the user on the ultrasound image. Selecting a selection instruction of the target area, and determining the first position and the second position according to the selection instruction, and then the emission controller 13 can control the probe 11 to emit a focused ultrasonic beam according to the determined first position and the second position. A first shear wave and a second shear wave are generated at the first position and the second position, respectively.
  • the above is the shear wave elastic measuring method and the shear wave elastic imaging system disclosed in the embodiment. Since for each pair of corresponding shear waves, the echo signal can be acquired only for a continuous period of time in the third position, The echo signal in the continuous period of time acquires the elastic parameter corresponding to the target area, not only the required position for acquiring the echo signal is small, but also the total data amount of the echo signal to be acquired is small, and the calculation is performed.
  • the method is also simple, which greatly reduces the performance requirements of the system.
  • any tangible, non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be utilized, including magnetic storage devices (hard disks, floppy disks, etc.), optical storage devices (CD-ROM, DVD, Blu Ray disks, etc.), flash memory, and/or the like.
  • These computer program instructions can be loaded onto a general purpose computer, special purpose computer or other programmable data processing device to form a machine such that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable data processing device can generate means for performing the specified function.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory, which can instruct the computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory can form a single piece Manufacturing, including implementations that implement specified functions.
  • Computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device to perform a series of operational steps on a computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process for execution on a computer or other programmable device. Instructions can provide steps for implementing a given function.

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Abstract

本实施例公开了一种剪切波弹性测量方法及剪切波弹性成像系统，对于每对相应的剪切波，可以只在第三位置获取连续一段时间内的回波信号，就可以根据该连续一段时间内的回波信号来获取所述目标区域对应的弹性参数，不仅所需的用于获取回波信号的位置少，而且需要获取的回波信号的总数据量也少，并且计算方法也简单，这对系统的性能要求大大降低。

Description

一种剪切波弹性测量方法及剪切波弹性成像系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种剪切波弹性测量方法及剪切波弹性成像系统。
背景技术
医用超声弹性成像主要是指以显示组织弹性差异为目的的一系列成像和信号处理技术；而获取的组织弹性差异(或软硬程度)信息对于组织癌症病变的辅助检测、良恶性判别和预后恢复评价等方面有重要的应用。
目前的医用超声弹性成像技术主要包括压力弹性成像和剪切波弹性成像(Shear Wave Elastography,SWE)等。
压力弹性成像发展的时间最长，技术也最为成熟，但其对操作者的手法要求较高。压力弹性成像主要是通过探头按压组织产生一定的形变，探头通过发出超声波以及接收回波信号，将组织的应变量、应变率等与组织弹性相关的参数计算出来并成像，从而反映不同组织间的弹性差异，由于应变量和应变率等这些应变参数对压力很敏感，因此在压力弹性成像技术中通过探头施加给组织的压力需要尽量保持均匀且稳定，这对操作者的手法就会提出较高的要求。另外，由于不同次操作之间，操作者通过探头施加给组织的压力难以保持一致，因此成像的重复性和稳定性也较难保证。
而剪切波弹性成像技术则主要是通过在组织内部产生剪切波并检测或计算其传播参数(例如传播速度)，由于组织的弹性程度(或软硬程度)会对剪切波的传播参数产生影响，因此可以剪切波的传播参数可以反映组织的弹性差异(或软硬程度)，也就是说，可以利用上述检测到的传播参数来进行弹性成像。由于不再像压力弹性成像一样依赖操作者对组织进行特定施压，因此剪切波弹性成像在稳定性和重复性方面有很大进步；但是由于需要检测或计算剪切波的传播参数，因此剪切波弹性成像的系统，往往检测或计算方法复杂，需要处理的数据量也很大，这对系统的性能要求较高。
发明内容
本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种剪切波弹性测量方法，包括：在目标区域边界上的第一位置处产生第一剪切波；在目标区域边界上的第二位置处产生第二剪切波，其中所述第二位置位于所述第一剪切波的传播路径上；向第三位置发射超声波以检测所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波，并接收所述超声波的回波以获得回波信号，其中所述第三位置位于所述目标区域之外并且所述第一剪切波经过所述第二位置传播到所 述第三位置；根据所述回波信号获得所述第一剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间和所述第二剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间；基于所述第一剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间、所述第二剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间和所述第一位置与所述第二位置之间的距离获得所述目标区域的弹性参数。
本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种剪切波弹性成像系统，包括：探头；发射控制器，所述发射控制器控制探头在目标区域边界上的第一位置处产生第一剪切波，以及在目标区域边界上的第二位置处产生第二剪切波，其中所述第二位置位于所述第一剪切波的传播路径上；所述发射控制器还控制探头向第三位置发射超声波以检测所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波，其中所述第三位置位于所述目标区域之外并且所述第一剪切波经过所述第二位置传播到所述第三位置；接收控制器，所述接收控制器控制所述探头接收发射到所述第三位置的超声波的回波，以获得回波信号；图像处理器，所述图像处理器根据所述回波信号获得所述第一剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间和所述第二剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间，并基于所述第一剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间、所述第二剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间和所述第一位置与所述第二位置之间的距离获得所述目标区域的弹性参数。
本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种剪切波弹性测量方法，包括：在目标区域边界上的第一位置处产生第一剪切波；在目标区域边界上的第二位置处产生第二剪切波，其中所述第二位置位于所述第一剪切波的传播路径上；向第三位置发射超声波以检测经过所述第三位置的所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波，并接收所述超声波的回波以获得回波信号，所述回波信号包含所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波传播经过所述第三位置的信息，其中所述第三位置位于所述目标区域之外并且所述第一剪切波经过所述第二位置传播到所述第三位置；根据所述回波信号获得所述目标区域的弹性参数。
本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种剪切波弹性成像系统，包括：探头；发射控制器，所述发射控制器控制探头在目标区域边界上的第一位置处产生第一剪切波，以及在目标区域边界上的第二位置处产生第二剪切波，其中所述第二位置位于所述第一剪切波的传播路径上；所述发射控制器还控制探头向第三位置发射超声波以检测经过所述第三位置的所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波，其中所述第三位置位于所述目标区域之外并且所述第一剪切波经过所述第二位置传播到所述第三位置；接收控制器，所述接收控制器控制所述探头接收发射到所述第三位置的超声波的回波，以获得回波信号，其中所述回波信号包含所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波传播经过所述第三位置的信息；图像处理器，所述图 像处理器根据所述回波信号获得所述目标区域的弹性参数。
依上述实施的剪切波弹性测量方法及剪切波弹性成像系统，由于对于每对相应的剪切波，可以只在第三位置获取连续一段时间内的回波信号，就可以根据该连续一段时间内的回波信号来获取所述目标区域对应的弹性参数，不仅所需的用于获取回波信号的位置少，而且需要获取的回波信号的总数据量也少，并且计算方法也简单，这对系统的性能要求大大降低。
附图说明
图1为一实施例中，在目标区域产生的两个剪切波的传播路径示意图；
图2为一实施例中，在B点接收图2中的两个剪切波的回波信号所得到的B点组织的位移随时间变化的一典型曲线；
图3为一实施例的剪切波弹性测量方法的流程示意图；
图4(a)和(b)分别为一实施例中将目标区域边界不同的位置选取为剪切波产生位置的示意图；
图5为一实施例的剪切波弹性成像系统的结构示意图；
图6为另一实施例的剪切波弹性成像系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
医用超声弹性成像主要是指以显示组织弹性差异为目的的一系列成像和信号处理技术，本实施例通过在组织内产生剪切波、发射超声波检测剪切波在组织内的传播并根据接收的回波信号来计算剪切波在组织中的弹性参数。
请参照图1，斜线填充的区域表示待了解的目标组织部分(即希望了解这部分组织的弹性或软硬程度等)，不妨称之为目标区域。目标区域可以通过用户在超声图像上进行选择，或者可以是系统自动识别的某一组织结构的图像区域，等等。当然目标区域的形状不限于图1中的矩形，还可以是方形或者其他规则的或不规则的形状。
在目标区域的边界上的两个目标点A1(下文中的第一位置的一个实例)和A2(下文中的第二位置的一个实例)分别产生一个剪切波，并在目标区域外的一个位置B(下文中的第三位置的一个实例)处用超声波来检测经过位置B的这两个剪切波以获得回波信号，及通过探头向位置B发射超声波并接收该超声波的回波以获得回波信号，该回波信号会包含这两个剪切波经过位置B的信息；在上述过程中，在产生剪切波时，使得产生在A1处的剪切波经过A2传播到位置B，并且在A2处产生的剪切波也能够传播到位置B。在对本实施例的发明原理解释之前，为了 描述的简洁性，不妨将A1处产生的剪切波称之为A1剪切波(第一剪切波)；将A2处产生的剪切波称之为A2剪切波(第二剪切波)。本文中，剪切波可以通过探头发射聚焦超声波束到组织内部，由于超声波束的声辐射力推动组织而产生。
A1剪切波到达观察点B时，其在组织内传播所经过的路径为A1→A2→B；A2剪切波到达观察点B时，其在组织内传播所经过的路径为A2→B；考虑一种最简单的情况，当A1剪切波和A2剪切波同时产生时，即A1剪切波和A2剪切波同时向B点出发，那么两者会先后到达B点，即两者到达B点会有一个时间差Δt，这是由于A1剪切波到达B点时比A2剪切波在组织内传播多经过了路径A1→A2(由于A1剪切波和A2剪切波经过相同的组织路径A2→B，因此所花费的时间也是一样的)，换句话说，剪切波在组织内传播路径为A1→A2时，其花费的时间为Δt，所以只要知道A1与A2之间的距离以及时间差Δt，然后将A1与A2之间的距离除以时间Δt，即计算得到剪切波在目标区域的平均剪切波速度。
A1与A2之间的距离可以通过实时测量得到，也可以是预设的值。
A1剪切波和A2剪切波到达B点的时间差Δt，可以根据B点接收的回波信号来获取，例如请参照图2，图2为根据B点接收到的回波信号得到的B点组织的位移随时间变化的一典型曲线；由于A2剪切波到达观察点B时，其只经过了组织路径A2→B，而A1剪切波还经过了组织路径A1→A2，因此A2剪切波到达B点，其时间要短且衰减要小；因此从时间或波峰幅度都可以确定图中第一个波峰为A2剪切波到达B点时的标志，第二个波峰为A1剪切波到达B点时的标志，两个波峰之间的时间差Δt即为上述的A1剪切波和A2剪切波到达B点的时间差Δt。
上面讨论的情况为A1剪切波和A2剪切波同时产生的情况，另一种情况为A1剪切波和A2剪切波先后产生，具体地，A1剪切波可以在A2剪切波之前产生，也可以在A2剪切波之后产生。这种情况下，计算剪切波在目标区域的平均剪切波速度的构思和原理也是一样的，只不过在获取A1剪切波和A2剪切波分别到达接收回波信号的位置所花费时间的差稍有不同。例如，可以获取A1剪切波产生的时刻t1，A2剪切波产生的时刻t2，然后根据B点接收到的回波信号得到的B点组织的位移随时间变化的曲线，得到A1剪切波到达B点时的时刻t3(即曲线中幅度较小的波峰对应的时刻)以及A2剪切波到达B点时的时刻t4(即曲线中幅度较大的波峰对应的时刻)，因此A1剪切波到达B点所花费的时间为t3-t1，A2剪切波到达B点所花费的时间为t4-t2，在图1所示的情况中，B点是更靠近A2的，因此A1剪切波到达B点所花费的时间t3-t1一定 是大于A2剪切波到达B点所花费的时间t4-t2，因此A1剪切波和A2剪切波分别到达接收回波信号的位置所花费时间的差Δt为(t3-t1)-(t4-t2)。
在上述过程中，得到剪切波在目标区域的平均剪切波速度后，还可以进一步计算出其他弹性相关参数，例如杨氏模量和剪切模量等，对于各向同性的弹性体，剪切波传播速度与弹性模量之间有近似的如下关系：
E＝3ρc 2＝3G
式中，E表示组织的杨氏模量值，G表示组织的剪切模量，c表示剪切波速度，ρ表示组织密度。杨氏模量越大，意味着组织硬度越大。
以上就是本实施例的发明构思和原理，下面再通过若干实施例对本发明作进一步地说明。
请参照图3，本实施例公开了一种剪切波弹性测量方法，其包括步骤S11～S15。
步骤S11：在目标区域边界上的第一位置处产生第一剪切波，以及在目标区域边界上的第二位置处产生第二剪切波，其中第二位置位于该第一剪切波的传播路径上。在一实施例中，第二位置不同于第一位置。在步骤S11中，第一剪切波可以是一组剪切波，第二剪切波也可以是一组剪切波。这两组剪切波中，每组剪切波可以包括至少一个剪切波，并且每组剪切波中的每个剪切波可以都在另一组剪切波中存在一个相对应的剪切波，相对应的这两个剪切波其中一个剪切波的波源位于另一个剪切波的传播路径上。在步骤S11中，目标区域的边界上选择第一位置和第二位置来产生剪切波时，选择策略有很多，例如图4(a)和(b)等。当产生的剪切波传播时经过越多的目标区域内的组织，那么在第三位置(下文详述)处用超声波跟踪检测剪切波时接收的回波信号中越包含了越多的目标区域内组织的信息，相应计算得到的目标区域的弹性参数就越准确。例如以本实施例来计算目标区域的弹性参数，选择图4(b)的两个位置A1、A2来产生剪切波会比图4(a)的要优。因此，在一实施例中，步骤S11中，在目标区域的边界上距离最大的两个位置分别产生一组剪切波，即选择的第一位置与第二位置在目标区域的边界上的距离最大。
在一实施例中，第一位置包括一个目标点，第二位置也包括一个目标点，相应地，第一剪切波包括一个位于第一位置的目标点处的剪切波，第二剪切波包括一个位于第二位置的目标点处的剪切波。在另一实施例中，第一位置包括多个目标点，第二位置也包括多个目标点，相应地，第一剪切波包括分别位于第一位置的各目标点的多个剪切波，第二剪切波包括分别位于第二位置的各目标点的多个剪切波，并且该多个第一剪 切波分别经过该第二位置处的多个目标点传播到下文所述的第三位置。在这种情况下，第三位置可以包括多个检测点，每个检测点对应一对相互对应的第一剪切波和第二剪切波。对于每对相互对应剪切波，其中的第一剪切波经过第二位置中对应的第二剪切波相应的目标点传播到该对剪切波对应的检测点。相应地，在下文所述的步骤S13中，探头可以向该检测点发射超声波并接收超声回波以检测从该检测点经过的该对剪切波。
在一实施例中，当第一位置包括多个目标点时，该多个目标点可以排列形成一条直线或者其他形状。当第二位置包括多个目标点时，该多个目标点也可以排列形成一条直线或者其他形状。
步骤S11中，如前文所述，第一剪切波和第二剪切波可以通过探头发射聚焦超声波束到组织内部，由于超声波束的声辐射力推动组织而产生。
在一实施例中，第一剪切波和第二剪切波同时产生，这样后续计算比较简单。或者，第一剪切波和第二剪切波也可以在不同时刻产生。
步骤S13：向第三位置发射超声波以检测每对相对应的第一剪切波和第二剪切波，并接收该超声波的回波以获得回波信号。这里，该第三位置位于目标区域之外并且第一剪切波经过该第二位置传播到该第三位置。该回波信号中即包含了该第一剪切波和第二剪切波经过该第三位置的信息，比如该第一剪切波经过第三位置的时间相关的信息和第二剪切波经过该第三位置的时间相关的信息。
步骤S15：对于每对相对应的剪切波，根据步骤S13中获得的回波信号获得目标区域对应的弹性参数。
例如，在一具体实施例中，步骤S15可以包括：根据该回波信号获得第一剪切波传播到达第三位置的时间和第二剪切波传播到达第三位置的时间，并基于第一剪切波传播到达第三位置的时间、第二剪切波传播到达第三位置的时间和第一位置与第二位置之间的距离获得所述目标区域的弹性参数。例如，根据第一剪切波和第二剪切波到达第三位置的时间，可以获得该对相对应的剪切波分别到达第三位置的时间差；再基于该时间差和第一位置与第二位置之间的距离，获得目标区域对应的弹性参数。在一实施例中，可以根据上述的回波信号，分析回波信号随时间的变化曲线；根据所述变化曲线，曲线峰值可以认为即为两个相对应的剪切波分别到达第三位置的时间，相邻两次峰值之间的时间间隔，即为这两个剪切波到达第三位置的时间差。
在一实施例中，如果第一位置和第二位置分别包括多个目标点，换句话说，步骤S11中产生了多对相对应的剪切波，那么可以基于每对相对应的剪切波来计算目标区域的弹性参数，然后再对这些弹性参数求平 均，这样得到的目标区域的平均弹性参数更能准确地代表目标区域的弹性参数。在一实施例中，弹性参数包括平均剪切波速度、杨氏模量和剪切模量中的一个或者多个，或者其他弹性参数。
以上就是本实施例公开的剪切波弹性测量方法，为了增加易用性，在一实施例中，剪切波弹性测量方法还可以包括：向目标区域发射超声波束，接收来自目标区域的超声回波，获得用于形成超声图像的回波信号；根据该超声回波生成并显示超声图像；获取用户在超声图像上选择目标区域的选择指令，然后根据选择指令确定上述第一位置和第二位置。在一实施例中，可以在该超声图像上叠加上述弹性参数；具体对弹性参数的显示，可以通过文本或图标方式，并且当目标区域发生变化时，显示的弹性参数也随之更新。
请参照图5，本发明还公开了一种剪切波弹性成像系统，在一实施例中，该剪切波弹性成像系统包括探头11、发射控制器13、接收控制器12和图像处理器15，在一实施例中，还可以包括显示单元17。
探头11包括压电元件阵列，探头11可以用于向组织内发射聚焦超声波以在组织内特定位置产生剪切波，以及向组织内的特定位置发射超声波来跟踪或检测该剪切波的传播。
发射控制器13可以控制剪切波产生时序和超声波束的发射和接收时序。具体地，发射控制器13可以控制探头11向目标区域边间上的第一位置发射聚焦超声波从而通过该聚焦超声波的声辐射力而在该目标区域边界上的该第一位置处产生第一剪切波。发射控制器13还可以控制探头11向目标区域边间上的第二位置发射聚焦超声波从而通过该聚焦超声波的声辐射力而在该目标区域边界上的该第二位置处产生第二剪切波。这里，该第二位置可以位于前述的第一剪切波的传播路径上。
这里，第一剪切波可以是一组剪切波，第二剪切波也可以是一组剪切波。每组剪切波可以包括至少一个剪切波，并且每组剪切波中的每个剪切波可以都在另一组剪切波中存在一个相对应的剪切波，相对应的这两个剪切波其中一个剪切波的波源位于另一个剪切波的传播路径上。
对于每对相对应的剪切波，发射控制器13可以控制探头11向第三位置发射超声波以检测每对相对应的第一剪切波和第二剪切波。接收控制器12可以控制探头接收该超声波的回波以获得回波信号。这里，该第三位置位于目标区域之外并且第一剪切波经过该第二位置传播到该第三位置。该回波信号中即包含了该第一剪切波和第二剪切波经过该第三位置的信息，比如该第一剪切波经过第三位置的时间相关的信息和第二剪切波经过该第三位置的时间相关的信息。
在一实施例中，发射控制器13控制探头11在不同于第一位置的第二位置处产生上述第二剪切波；在一实施例中，第一位置与第二位置在 目标区域的边界上的距离最大。
在一实施例中，第一位置包括一个目标点，第二位置也包括一个目标点，相应地，第一剪切波包括一个位于第一位置的目标点处的剪切波，第二剪切波包括一个位于第二位置的目标点处的剪切波。在另一实施例中，第一位置包括多个目标点，第二位置也包括多个目标点，相应地，第一剪切波包括分别位于第一位置的各目标点的多个剪切波，第二剪切波包括分别位于第二位置的各目标点的多个剪切波，，并且该多个第一剪切波分别经过该第二位置处的多个目标点传播到该第三位置。在这种情况下，第三位置可以包括多个检测点，每个检测点对应一对相互对应的第一剪切波和第二剪切波。对于每对相互对应剪切波，其中的第一剪切波经过第二位置中与该对应的第二剪切波相应的目标点传播到该对剪切波对应的检测点。相应地，发射控制器13可以控制探头11向该检测点发射超声波以检测从该检测点经过的该对剪切波。接收控制器12可以控制探头11接收该超声波的回波以获得回波信号。该回波信号中即包含了该对第一剪切波和第二剪切波经过该检测点的信息。
在一实施例中，当第一位置包括多个目标点时，该多个目标点可以排列形成一条直线或者其他形状。当第二位置包括多个目标点时，该多个目标点也可以排列形成一条直线或者其他形状。
如前文所述，第一剪切波和第二剪切波可以由发射控制器13控制探头11发射聚焦超声波束到组织内部，由于超声波束的声辐射力推动组织而产生。
在一实施例中，发射控制器13控制探头11同时产生第一剪切波和第二剪切波，这样后续计算比较简单。或者，发射控制器13也可以控制探头11在不同时刻产生第一剪切波和第二剪切波。
图像处理器15可以对于每对相对应的剪切波根据上述获得的回波信号获得目标区域对应的弹性参数。
在一实施例中，图像处理器15获得的弹性参数可以包括平均剪切波速度、杨氏模量和剪切模量中的一个或者多个，或者其他弹性参数。
在一实施例中，图像处理器15可以根据该回波信号获得第一剪切波传播到达第三位置的时间和第二剪切波传播到达第三位置的时间，并基于第一剪切波传播到达第三位置的时间、第二剪切波传播到达第三位置的时间和第一位置与第二位置之间的距离获得所述目标区域的弹性参数。例如，根据第一剪切波和第二剪切波到达第三位置的时间，可以获得该对相对应的剪切波分别到达第三位置的时间差；再基于该时间差和第一位置与第二位置之间的距离，获得目标区域对应的弹性参数。在一实施例中，可以根据上述的回波信号，分析回波信号随时间的变化曲线；根据所述变化曲线，曲线峰值可以认为即为两个相对应的剪切波分别到 达第三位置的时间，相邻两次峰值之间的时间间隔，即为这两个剪切波到达第三位置的时间差。
显示单元17用于显然弹性参数。在一具体实施例中，发射控制器13还控制探头11向目标区域发射超声波束，接收控制器12还控制探头11接收来自目标区域的该超声波束的超声回波，获得用于形成超声图像的回波信号。图像处理器15还可以根据该用于形成超声图像的回波信号获得目标区域的超声图像。该超声图像可以显示在显示单元17上，并可以在该超声图像上显示上述弹性参数。在一实施例中，显示单元17可以通过文本或图标方式显示上述弹性参数，并且当目标区域发生变化时，显示的弹性参数随之更新。
为了提升剪切波弹性成像系统的易用性，请参照图6，在一实施例中，剪切波弹性成像系统还可以包括指令获取单元19，指令获取单元19用于获取用户在超声图像上选择上述目标区域的选择指令，并根据选择指令确定上述第一位置和第二位置，然后发射控制器13可以根据该确定的第一位置和第二位置控制控制探头11向其发射聚焦超声波束以分别在该第一位置和第二位置产生第一剪切波和第二剪切波。
以上就是本实施例公开的剪切波弹性测量方法及剪切波弹性成像系统，由于对于每对相应的剪切波，可以只在第三位置获取连续一段时间内的回波信号，就可以根据该连续一段时间内的回波信号来获取所述目标区域对应的弹性参数，不仅所需的用于获取回波信号的位置少，而且需要获取的回波信号的总数据量也少，并且计算方法也简单，这对系统的性能要求大大降低。
本文参照了各种示范实施例进行说明。然而，本领域的技术人员将认识到，在不脱离本文范围的情况下，可以对示范性实施例做出改变和修正。例如，各种操作步骤以及用于执行操作步骤的组件，可以根据特定的应用或考虑与系统的操作相关联的任何数量的成本函数以不同的方式实现(例如一个或多个步骤可以被删除、修改或结合到其他步骤中)。
另外，如本领域技术人员所理解的，本文的原理可以反映在计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序产品中，该可读存储介质预装有计算机可读程序代码。任何有形的、非暂时性的计算机可读存储介质皆可被使用，包括磁存储设备(硬盘、软盘等)、光学存储设备(CD-ROM、DVD、Blu Ray盘等)、闪存和/或诸如此类。这些计算机程序指令可被加载到通用计算机、专用计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上以形成机器，使得这些在计算机上或其他可编程数据处理装置上执行的指令可以生成实现指定的功能的装置。这些计算机程序指令也可以存储在计算机可读存储器中，该计算机可读存储器可以指示计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定的方式运行，这样存储在计算机可读存储器中的指令就可以形成 一件制造品，包括实现指定功能的实现装置。计算机程序指令也可以加载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生一个计算机实现的进程，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令可以提供用于实现指定功能的步骤。
虽然在各种实施例中已经示出了本文的原理，但是许多特别适用于特定环境和操作要求的结构、布置、比例、元件、材料和部件的修改可以在不脱离本披露的原则和范围内使用。以上修改和其他改变或修正将被包含在本文的范围之内。
前述具体说明已参照各种实施例进行了描述。然而，本领域技术人员将认识到，可以在不脱离本披露的范围的情况下进行各种修正和改变。因此，对于本披露的考虑将是说明性的而非限制性的意义上的，并且所有这些修改都将被包含在其范围内。同样，有关于各种实施例的优点、其他优点和问题的解决方案已如上所述。然而，益处、优点、问题的解决方案以及任何能产生这些的要素，或使其变得更明确的解决方案都不应被解释为关键的、必需的或必要的。本文中所用的术语“包括”和其任何其他变体，皆属于非排他性包含，这样包括要素列表的过程、方法、文章或设备不仅包括这些要素，还包括未明确列出的或不属于该过程、方法、系统、文章或设备的其他要素。此外，本文中所使用的术语“耦合”和其任何其他变体都是指物理连接、电连接、磁连接、光连接、通信连接、功能连接和/或任何其他连接。
具有本领域技术的人将认识到，在不脱离本发明的基本原理的情况下，可以对上述实施例的细节进行许多改变。因此，本发明的范围应仅由以下权利要求确定。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在目标区域边界上的第一位置处产生第一剪切波；
    在目标区域边界上的第二位置处产生第二剪切波，其中所述第二位置位于所述第一剪切波的传播路径上；
    向第三位置发射超声波以检测所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波，并接收所述超声波的回波以获得回波信号，其中所述第三位置位于所述目标区域之外并且所述第一剪切波经过所述第二位置传播到所述第三位置；
    根据所述回波信号获得所述第一剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间和所述第二剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间；
    基于所述第一剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间、所述第二剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间和所述第一位置与所述第二位置之间的距离获得所述目标区域的弹性参数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于：所述第二位置不同于第一位置。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于：所述第一位置与第二位置在目标区域的边界上的距离最大。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于：在目标区域边界上的第一位置处产生第一剪切波包括：在所述第一位置处的一个目标点处产生一个第一剪切波。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于：在目标区域边界上的第二位置处产生第二剪切波包括：在所述第二位置处的一个目标点处产生一个第二剪切波。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于，在目标区域边界上的第一位置处产生第一剪切波包括：在所述第一位置处的多个目标点处产生多个第一剪切波。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于：在目标区域边界上的第二位置处产生第二剪切波包括：在所述第二位置处的多个目标点处产生多个第二剪切波，其中所述多个第一剪切波分别经过所述第二位置处的多个目标点传播到所述第三位置。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于：所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波同时或者在不同时刻产生。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于，所述弹性参数包括平均剪切波速度、杨氏模量和剪切模量中的一个或多个。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于，还包 括：
    向目标区域发射超声波并接收来自目标区域的超声回波，获得用于形成超声图像的回波信号；
    根据用于形成超声图像的回波信号生成所述目标区域的超声图像；
    显示所述超声图像；
    在所述超声图像上显示所述弹性参数。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    获取用户在超声图像上选择所述目标区域的选择指令；
    根据选择指令确定所述第一位置和第二位置。
  12. 一种剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于，包括：
    探头；
    发射控制器，所述发射控制器控制探头在目标区域边界上的第一位置处产生第一剪切波，以及在目标区域边界上的第二位置处产生第二剪切波，其中所述第二位置位于所述第一剪切波的传播路径上；所述发射控制器还控制探头向第三位置发射超声波以检测所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波，其中所述第三位置位于所述目标区域之外并且所述第一剪切波经过所述第二位置传播到所述第三位置；
    接收控制器，所述接收控制器控制所述探头接收发射到所述第三位置的超声波的回波，以获得回波信号；
    图像处理器，所述图像处理器根据所述回波信号获得所述第一剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间和所述第二剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间，并基于所述第一剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间、所述第二剪切波传播到达所述第三位置的时间和所述第一位置与所述第二位置之间的距离获得所述目标区域的弹性参数。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于：所述第二位置不同于第一位置。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于：所述第一位置与第二位置在目标区域的边界上的距离最大。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于：所述发射控制器控制探头在所述第一位置处的一个目标点处产生一个第一剪切波。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于：所述发射控制器控制探头在所述第二位置处的一个目标点处产生一个第二剪切波。
  17. 如权利要求12所述的剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于：所述发射控制器控制探头在所述第一位置处的多个目标点处产生多个第一剪 切波。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于：所述发射控制器控制探头在所述第二位置处的多个目标点处产生多个第二剪切波，其中所述多个第一剪切波分别经过所述第二位置处的多个目标点传播到所述第三位置。
  19. 如权利要求12所述的剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于，发射控制器控制探头同时或者在不同时刻产生所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波。
  20. 如权利要求12所述的剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于，图像处理器获得的所述弹性参数包括平均剪切波速度、杨氏模量和剪切模量中的一个或者多个。
  21. 如权利要求12所述的剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于，还包括显示单元，其中：
    所述发射控制器还控制探头向目标区域发射超声波，所述接收控制器还控制探头接收来自目标区域的超声回波，获得用于形成超声图像的回波信号；
    所述图像处理器还根据用于形成超声图像的回波信号生成所述目标区域的超声图像；
    所述显示单元显示所述超声图像并在所述超声图像上显示所述弹性参数。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于，还包括指令获取单元，用于获取用户在超声图像上选择所述目标区域的选择指令，并根据选择指令确定所述第一位置和第二位置。
  23. 一种剪切波弹性测量方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在目标区域边界上的第一位置处产生第一剪切波；
    在目标区域边界上的第二位置处产生第二剪切波，其中所述第二位置位于所述第一剪切波的传播路径上；
    向第三位置发射超声波以检测经过所述第三位置的所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波，并接收所述超声波的回波以获得回波信号，所述回波信号包含所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波传播经过所述第三位置的信息，其中所述第三位置位于所述目标区域之外并且所述第一剪切波经过所述第二位置传播到所述第三位置；
    根据所述回波信号获得所述目标区域的弹性参数。
  24. 一种剪切波弹性成像系统，其特征在于，包括：
    探头；
    发射控制器，所述发射控制器控制探头在目标区域边界上的第一位置处产生第一剪切波，以及在目标区域边界上的第二位置处产生第二剪 切波，其中所述第二位置位于所述第一剪切波的传播路径上；所述发射控制器还控制探头向第三位置发射超声波以检测经过所述第三位置的所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波，其中所述第三位置位于所述目标区域之外并且所述第一剪切波经过所述第二位置传播到所述第三位置；
    接收控制器，所述接收控制器控制所述探头接收发射到所述第三位置的超声波的回波，以获得回波信号，其中所述回波信号包含所述第一剪切波和所述第二剪切波传播经过所述第三位置的信息；
    图像处理器，所述图像处理器根据所述回波信号获得所述目标区域的弹性参数。
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