WO2019216360A1 - 前立腺がんの予防又は治療剤 - Google Patents
前立腺がんの予防又は治療剤 Download PDFInfo
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- prostate cancer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/08—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the prostate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/337—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
- A61K31/4453—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine only substituted in position 1, e.g. propipocaine, diperodon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
- A61P35/04—Antineoplastic agents specific for metastasis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a preparation for preventing and / or treating prostate cancer, comprising cloperastine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as “cloperastine”). About.
- Prostate cancer develops in the prostate, which is one of the male genital organs, and is the most common cancer in men in Europe and America, especially in the United States. Prostate cancer is thought to be related to a diet that consumes a large amount of animal fat and older age. In fact, with the westernization and aging of dietary habits in Japan, the number of prostate cancer cases has increased rapidly in recent years. For example, the number of cancer cases by region in 2013 is 4th. Met. Since the incidence of prostate cancer increases dramatically after age 70, further increases are expected in Japan and other advanced countries with an aging population. For this reason, development of an effective treatment method for prostate cancer is required.
- prostate cancer treatment methods such as surgical treatment, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are known as prostate cancer treatment methods.
- surgical treatment including prostatectomy, but hormone therapy etc. when surgery is difficult due to recurrence after surgical treatment or diagnosis of advanced cancer And chemotherapy with an anticancer agent such as docetaxel is selected.
- Prostate cancer growth is stimulated by androgen, which is a male hormone, and it is known that an androgen receptor (AR) plays a major role in its development and progression.
- ADT a method of suppressing the action of androgen (androgen-deprivation-therapy; ADT) is generally used.
- ADT is temporarily effective, usually within a few years, hormone-refractory prostate cancer that is resistant to ADT (Hormone Refractory Prostate ; Cancer; HRPC) and androgen-independent prostate cancer (Androgen Independent) Prostate Cancer (AIPC).
- Docetaxel and enzalutamide are used for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) (also referred to as “relapsed advanced prostate cancer”), which is also resistant to these drugs.
- CRPC castration-resistant prostate cancer
- the appearance of cancer cells has become a clinical problem.
- Patent Document 1 a treatment method used in combination with docetaxel or the like has been reported.
- Cabazitaxel is a new taxane anticancer agent that can be applied to prostate cancer.
- Cabazitaxel has been confirmed to exert an antitumor effect on castration-resistant prostate cancer with a history of prior treatment including docetaxel, and should be said to be the last fort of medical therapy.
- Cabazitaxel has been approved for use in hormone therapy-resistant prostate cancer in the United States and Europe. On July 4, 2014, it was approved for use in prostate cancer in Japan.
- cabazitaxel is similar in structure to paclitaxel and docetaxel, it has been considered that drug resistance due to P-gp activation is unlikely to occur because of its low affinity with P-glycoprotein (P-gp).
- P-gp P-glycoprotein
- fustazole manufactured by Nipro ES Pharma
- cloperastine hydrochloride as an active ingredient
- cloperastine hydrochloride is commercially available as an antitussive.
- cloperastine has an effect of preventing or treating prostate cancer.
- the subject of the present invention is a castration resistant prostate cancer that can be produced relatively easily and inexpensively and is refractory (in particular, the most refractory prostate cancer, the castrate resistant prostate cancer resistant to cabazitaxel) It is also intended to provide a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for prostate cancer comprising a low molecular weight compound that exhibits an anticancer effect as an active ingredient.
- FFPE formalin-fixed paraffin embedded
- the present invention is as follows.
- a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for prostate cancer comprising cloperastine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent according to [1] above which is orally administered.
- the prophylactic or therapeutic agent according to [1] or [2] above, wherein the prostate cancer is castration resistant prostate cancer or enzalutamide resistant prostate cancer.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent according to [5] above, wherein the anticancer agent is cabazitaxel.
- a method for preventing or treating prostate cancer comprising the step of administering cloperastines to a subject in need of prevention or treatment of prostate cancer; Cloperastine for use as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent; cloperastine for use in the prevention or treatment of prostate cancer; and use of cloperastine for producing a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for prostate cancer; Can be mentioned.
- Cloperastine also has a prostatic cancer cell growth inhibitory effect on prostate cancer, especially enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer, CRPC that is refractory, especially cabazitaxel-resistant CRPC, which is the most refractory prostate cancer.
- Excellent anticancer (tumor) effect by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cells, suppressing invasion of prostate cancer cells, and inducing apoptosis of prostate cancer cells Demonstrate.
- EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- Such an effect can be further enhanced by using in combination with an existing anticancer agent (preferably cabazitaxel).
- the prophylactic or therapeutic agent for prostate cancer uses cloperastins, which are low molecular weight compounds that can be produced relatively easily, as active ingredients for the prevention or treatment of prostate cancer, it is relatively simple and inexpensive. It is also excellent in that it can be manufactured.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the result of having analyzed the living cell level when DU145 cell line and PC3 cell line are cultured in the presence of various concentrations (0 ⁇ M, 0.1 ⁇ M, 1 ⁇ M, and 10 ⁇ M) of cloperastine.
- the “viable cell level” on the vertical axis is shown as a relative value (average value + standard deviation [SD]) when the number of viable cells when cultured in the absence of cloperastin is 100.
- “*” And “***” in the figure are statistically significant differences (p ⁇ 0.05 and p ⁇ 0. 0), respectively, with respect to the results when cultured in the absence of cloperastine (0 ⁇ M). 001).
- FIG. 5A is a graph showing the results of in vitro analysis of living cell levels when DU145 cell line and DU145CR cell line were cultured in the presence of cabazitaxel at various concentrations (0 nM, 1 nM, 2 nM, 4 nM, 8 nM, and 16 nM).
- FIG. 5B shows two groups of subcutaneous tumor model mice prepared using the DU145 cell line (DU145 mouse group [DU145 Cont], cab145 tax administered DU145 mouse group [DU145 CBZ]), and subcutaneous tumor prepared using the DU145CR cell line.
- “**” in the figure indicates that there is a statistically significant difference (p ⁇ 0.01) between the cab145 tax-administered DU145CR mouse group and the cabazitaxel-administered DU145 mouse group.
- the “live cell level” on the vertical axis is shown as a relative value (mean ⁇ standard deviation [SD]) when the number of viable cells is 1 when cultured in the absence of cloperastine (0 ⁇ M).
- FIG. 7A is a diagram showing the results of analyzing changes in tumor volume for three groups of subcutaneous tumor model mice (control group, cabazitaxel administration group, and cloperastine administration group) prepared using the DU145 cell line.
- FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the results of analyzing changes in tumor volume for three groups of subcutaneous tumor model mice (control group, cabazitaxel administration group, and cloperastine administration group) prepared using the DU145CR cell line.
- Tumor volume on the vertical axis represents a relative value (mean ⁇ standard deviation [SD]) when the tumor volume in the control group immediately after administration (day 0) is 1.
- the “days” on the horizontal axis indicates the number of days after administration of cabazitaxel or cloperastine.
- Ns in FIG. 7B indicates that there is no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) between the cabazitaxel administration group and the control group on the 16th day after administration.
- ** in FIG. 7A indicates that there is a statistically significant difference (p ⁇ 0.01) between the cabazitaxel administration group and the control group on the 16th day after administration.
- 7A and 7B indicates that there is a statistically significant difference (p ⁇ 0.001) between the cloperastine administration group and the control group on the 16th day after administration. It is a figure which shows the result of having analyzed the ratio of the Ki67 expression cell when DU145 cell line and DU145CR cell line are cultured in the presence of cloperastine (cloperastine treatment group) or absence (control group). “***” in the figure indicates that there is a statistically significant difference (p ⁇ 0.001) between the cloperastine treatment group and the control group.
- the DU145CR cell line was prepared in the presence of 2 nM cabazitaxel, 4 nM cabazitaxel, or in the absence of cabazitaxel (0 nM), and in the presence of 5 ⁇ M cloperastine (cloperastine 5 treatment group), in the presence of 10 ⁇ M cloperastine (cloperastine 10 treatment group).
- the “live cell level” on the vertical axis is shown as a relative value (average value + standard deviation [SD]) when the number of viable cells in the control group in the absence of cabazitaxel is 1.
- FIG. 11A shows tumors (surrounded by the dotted gland in FIG.
- FIG. 11C is an enlarged view of the results of the cloperastine administration group and the cloperastine + cabazitaxel administration group in FIG.
- FIG. 11A “Ns” in FIG. 11A indicates that there is no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) between the cabazitaxel administration group and the control group on the 12th day after administration.
- “***” in FIGS. 11A and 11B indicates that there is a statistically significant difference (p ⁇ 0.001) between the cloperastine administration group and the control group on the 12th day after administration.
- “##” in FIGS. 11A and 11B shows that there is a statistically significant difference (p ⁇ 0.001) between the cloperastine + cabazitaxel administration group and the cloperastine administration group on the 12th day after administration. Indicates.
- the prophylactic or therapeutic agent for prostate cancer of the present invention may be a preparation containing cloperastin having a limited use of “to prevent or treat prostate cancer” (hereinafter referred to as “the prophylactic / therapeutic agent”).
- prevention of prostate cancer includes prevention of the onset of prostate cancer as well as prevention of worsening of the symptoms of prostate cancer.
- the present prophylactic / therapeutic agent may be used alone as a pharmaceutical product (formulation), or may be further mixed with an additive and used as a composition form (pharmaceutical composition).
- the prostate cancer to be prevented or treated is not limited as long as the organ in which the malignant tumor (cancer) has occurred is the prostate, for example, localized, invasive or metastatic prostate cancer; castration resistance , Resistance to AR targeted drugs (eg, enzalutamide, abiraterone, etc.), resistance to taxane anticancer drugs (eg, paclitaxel, docetaxel, cabazitaxel, etc.), castration resistant and AR targeted drug resistant prostate cancer, castration resistance And taxane anticancer drug resistant prostate cancer, or castration resistant, AR targeted drug resistant and taxane anticancer drug resistant prostate cancer; localized, invasive, or metastatic and castrated Resistant prostate cancer; localized, invasive, or metastatic and AR-targeted drug-resistant prostate cancer; localized, invasive, or metastatic and taxane anticancer drug-resistant prostate cancer; sex, Prostate cancer that is eutrophic or metastatic, castration-resistant and taxane-resistant; localized, invasive
- localized prostate cancer refers to uninfiltrated and unmetastasized prostate cancer, that is, a state in which the cancer has not spread to tissues or organs other than the prostate but has remained in the prostate. And corresponds to stage A to B prostate cancer.
- invasive prostate cancer refers to a state in which cancer has invaded tissues or organs around the prostate (eg, bladder, rectum, seminal vesicle), and metastasis is observed. Meaning no condition, corresponding to stage C prostate cancer.
- metastatic prostate cancer means that the cancer has metastasized, that is, the cancer has entered a blood vessel or lymph vessel, and the tissue or organ separated from the prostate by the flow of blood or lymph (for example, It means a state of spreading to lymph nodes, bones [vertebral column, pelvic bones, etc.], liver, lungs), and corresponds to stage D prostate cancer.
- CRPC growth resistant prostate cancer
- “Invasive prostate cancer” to be prevented or treated includes cancer in the prostate as well as cancer in the tissue or organ of the infiltration destination, but cancer in the prostate is preferred. Further, “metastatic prostate cancer” to be prevented or treated includes cancer in the prostate as well as cancer in the tissue or organ of the metastasis destination, but cancer in the prostate is preferable.
- cababtaxel-resistant prostate cancer means prostate cancer that is resistant to cabazitaxel, and more specifically, in vivo, 10 mg / kg (body weight) / day of cabazitaxel.
- prostate cancer tumor volume increases when administered to prostate cancer patients for at least 14 days.
- the resistance of cabazitaxel-resistant prostate cancer cell line to cabazitaxel is at least 1.2 times, preferably 1 or more, at 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) compared to cabazitaxel non-resistant prostate cancer cell line. 0.5 times or more, more preferably 2.0 times or more, still more preferably 2.3 times or more, even more preferably 2.6 times or more, and most preferably 2.8 times or more.
- enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer means prostate cancer that is resistant to enzalutamide. More specifically, in vivo, enzalutamide is 25 mg / kg (body weight) / day. By prostate cancer, tumor volume increases when administered to prostate cancer patients for at least 14 days. Also, in vitro, the resistance of enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cell line to enzalutamide is at least 1.5 times or more, preferably 2 or more at 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) compared to enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cell line. 0.0 times or more, more preferably 4.0 times or more, further preferably 5.0 times or more, even more preferably 7.0 times or more, and most preferably 7.7 times or more.
- IC50 inhibitory concentration
- any pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be used.
- hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, phosphate, nitrate , Sulfate, acetate, propionate, toluenesulfonate, succinate, oxalate, lactate, tartrate, glycolate, methanesulfonate, butyrate, valerate, citrate examples thereof include acid addition salts such as fumarate, maleate, malate and fendizoate.
- an anticancer agent in combination with the prophylactic / therapeutic agent.
- an anticancer agent used in combination with the present prophylactic / therapeutic agent it is known to suppress cancer growth (preferably prostate cancer growth) by action such as inhibition of DNA replication and inhibition of cell division.
- Any substance may be used, for example, cyclophosphamide, dacarbazine, chlorambucil, methotrexate, cytarabine, actinomycin D, bleomycin, doxorubicin (Doxorubicin), vincristine, vinblastine, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin, irinotecan, streptozocin, pacliel, taxa, etax Kabajitaki Cabazitaxel, Etoposide, Gemcitabine, Bevacizumab, Rituximab, Brefeldin A (A), Trastuzumab, Imatenib (Imatinib), Imetinib (Imatinib) ), Bortezomib, Leuprorelin, Erlotinib, Sunitinib, Cetuximab, Goserelin, Dasatinib, Sorafenib, Sorafenib
- preventive / therapeutic agent examples include conventional pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, binders, stabilizers, excipients, diluents, pH buffers, disintegrants, isotonic agents, additives, coating agents, It may further contain additives such as a solubilizer, a lubricant, a solubilizer, a lubricant, a flavoring agent, a sweetening agent, a solvent, a gelling agent, and a nutrient.
- additives such as a solubilizer, a lubricant, a solubilizer, a lubricant, a flavoring agent, a sweetening agent, a solvent, a gelling agent, and a nutrient.
- Such additives specifically include water, saline, animal fats and oils, vegetable oils, lactose, starch, gelatin, crystalline cellulose, gum, talc, magnesium stearate, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyalkylene glycol, Polyvinyl alcohol and glycerin can be exemplified.
- oral administration administered in dosage forms such as powders, granules, tablets, capsules, syrups and suspensions, and injections such as solutions, emulsions and suspensions (For example, subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection) or parenteral administration administered intranasally in the form of a spray can be mentioned, and oral administration is preferred.
- the dose of cloperastine in the present preventive / therapeutic agent is appropriately determined according to age, body weight, sex, symptom, sensitivity to drugs, etc., for example, 0.1 ⁇ g to 200 mg / kg (body weight) / day Range.
- an experiment using model mice specifically shows the dose of 12.5 mg / kg / day of cloperastine.
- This dose is based on the human equivalent dose (HED) of 12.3 in mice (refer to the document “Guidance for Industry Estimating the Maximum Safe Starting Dose in Initial Clinical Trials for Therapeutics in Adult Healthy Volunteers)” Is about 1.02 mg / kg / day.
- the dose of cloperastine in the present preventive / therapeutic agent is preferably 1 ⁇ g to 100 mg / kg / day, more preferably 10 ⁇ g to 50 mg / kg / day, further preferably 30 ⁇ g to 15 mg / kg / day, more preferably 100 ⁇ g. Even more preferred is ⁇ 8 mg / kg / day, most preferred is 500 ⁇ g-1.5 mg / kg / day.
- the present prophylactic / therapeutic agent may be administered once or a plurality of times (for example, 2 to 4 times) per day.
- the prophylactic / therapeutic agent may contain a component having an anti-cancer effect against prostate cancer in addition to cloperastins, but cloperastine alone may also have an anti-prostate cancer action (for example, prostate gland).
- Anti-prostate cancer effects other than cloperastins such as cancer cell proliferation inhibitory action, EMT inhibitory action on prostate cancer cells, prostate cancer cell infiltration inhibitory action, and prostate cancer cell apoptosis-inducing action It may be free of components (for example, protein, DNA, RNA, plant-derived extract, polymer).
- Cloperastins can be produced by any known method such as chemical synthesis, production by microorganisms, production by enzymes, etc., but commercially available products can also be used.
- cloperastine hydrochloride Flustazol [registered trademark] sugar-coated tablet 10 mg, manufactured by Nipro ES Pharma
- cloperastine hydrochloride manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich
- cloperastine phendizoate fluorastine phendizoate
- RNA is fragmented and labeled with cDNA using “Affymetrix GeneChip WT Terminal Labeling Kit” (Affymetrix), washed with “GeneChip Fluidics Station 450” (Affymetrix), and then microarray system (GeneChip) Microarray analysis was performed using Scanner 3000 7G (manufactured by Affymetrix), and the change rate of the gene expression profile from CRPC cells after acquisition of resistance to kabajitaxel to CRPC cells before acquisition of resistance to kabajitaxel was analyzed.
- Affymetrix GeneChip WT Terminal Labeling Kit
- GeneChip Fluidics Station 450 Affymetrix
- Microarray analysis was performed using Scanner 3000 7G (manufactured by Affymetrix), and the change rate of the gene expression profile from CRPC cells after acquisition of resistance to kabajitaxel to CRPC cells before acquisition of resistance to kabajitaxel was analyzed.
- metastatic CRPC cell lines (DU145 cell line and PC3 cell line) were treated with cloperastins. The cells were cultured in the presence and analyzed for cell proliferation.
- DU145 cell line and PC3 cell line both cells obtained from ATCC [American Type Culture Collection] were cultured on a 96-well plate for 24 hours, and then cloperastine hydrochloride (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich) was 0.1 ⁇ M, 1 ⁇ M. Or after adding to a culture solution so that it might be set to 10 micromol and culturing for 24 hours, the number of living cells was measured using "Premix WST-1 Cell Proliferation Assay System" (made by Takara Bio). As a control, an experiment was also conducted in which the DU145 cell line and the PC3 cell line were cultured in a culture solution not containing cloperastine hydrochloride.
- metastatic CRPC cell lines (DU145 cell line and PC3 cell line) were used as cloperastins. Under the condition, the gene expression profile of EMT-related factors was analyzed.
- DU145 cell line and PC3 cell line were cultured for 24 hours in the presence or absence of 10 ⁇ M cloperastine (cloperastine treatment group and control group, respectively), and then mRNA was “RNeasy Mini kit” (Qiagen) Extracted using. From the extracted mRNA, cDNA was synthesized using "PrimeScript RT reagent Kit” (Takara Bio).
- a C4-2AT6 cell line and an LN-CaP cell line obtained from ATCC [American Type Culture Collection]), which is an androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell line, were cultured on 96-well plates for 24 hours as comparative controls. Thereafter, enzalutamide (manufactured by Chemscene) was added to the culture solution at various concentrations (0 ⁇ M, 0.1 ⁇ M, 1 ⁇ M, and 10 ⁇ M), and further cultured for 48 hours, after which the number of viable cells was determined as “Premix WST-1 Cell Measurement was carried out using “Proliferation Assay System” (Takara Bio).
- the C4-2AT6 cell line is an enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cell line whose resistance to enzalutamide has increased by about 7.8 times compared to the enzalutamide-resistant strain (LN-CaP cell line). It was done.
- the DU145CR cell line was established by culturing the DU145 cell line in the presence of 0.2 nM cabazitaxel (manufactured by Carbosynth) and gradually culturing the cab145 taxel concentration to 3 nM for about 2 years.
- DU145CR cell line [In vitro analysis using DU145CR cell line]
- the established DU145CR cell line and DU145 cell line were cultured in 96-well plates for 24 hours, and further cultured in the presence of cabazitaxel at various concentrations (0 nM, 1 nM, 2 nM, 4 nM, 8 nM, and 16 nM), The number of viable cells was measured using “Premix WST-1 Cell Proliferation Assay System” (Takara Bio).
- [Method] 1 ⁇ 10 6 metastatic CRPC cell lines (DU145 cell line) were inoculated subcutaneously into castrated male nude mice (BALB / C) to prepare subcutaneous tumor model mice.
- cloperastine hydrochloride manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich
- DU145CR cell lines established in Example 5 were inoculated subcutaneously into castrated male nude mice (BALB / C) to produce subcutaneous tumor model mice (cababtaxel-resistant CRPC mice).
- the tumor volume was measured immediately after oral administration of cloperastine hydrochloride (day 0), and after 4 days, 8 days, 12 days, and 16 days after oral administration, and the average value was calculated. did.
- a metastatic CRPC cell line (DU145) Cell lines and PC3 cell lines) were cultured in the presence of cloperastins and analyzed by immunohistochemical staining using an antibody against a cell proliferation marker (Ki67) and TUNEL (TdT-mediated UTPnickendlabeling).
- DU145 cell line and DU145CR cell line were each cultured in a 96-well plate for 24 hours, added to the culture solution so that cloperastine hydrochloride (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich) was 10 ⁇ M, further cultured for 24 hours, and then 4% Cells were fixed with paraformaldehyde.
- the fixed cells were subjected to blocking treatment with 1% BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) solution, and a primary antibody reaction treatment using an anti-Ki67 antibody (manufactured by Dako) was performed overnight at 4 ° C.
- BSA Bovine Serum Albumin
- the DU145CR cell line established in Example 5 was cultured on a 96-well plate for 24 hours, and then 5 ⁇ M or 10 ⁇ M cloperastine hydrochloride (Sigma-Aldrich) and 2 nM or 4 nM cabazitaxel (Carbosynth) After further culturing for 24 hours, the number of viable cells was measured using “Premix WST-1 Cell Proliferation Assay System” (Takara Bio). As a control, an experiment was also conducted in which the DU145CR cell line was cultured in a culture solution containing neither cloperastine hydrochloride nor cabazitaxel.
- cloperastine hydrochloride manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich
- cloperastine hydrochloride was converted to cloperastine at 12.5 mg / kg ( (Body weight) / day and daily oral administration of 10 mg / kg (body weight) of cabazitaxel (Carbosynth) once peritoneally It was administered internally.
- the tumor volume was measured immediately after oral administration (day 0), and 4 days, 8 days, and 12 days after oral administration, and the average value was calculated.
- the tumor volume in the cloperastine + cabazitaxel administration group was significantly reduced compared to the tumor volume in the cloperastine administration group (see FIG. 11). This result shows that when cloperastine is used in combination with an existing anticancer agent, the antitumor effect of prostate cancer is further enhanced as compared with the case of using cloperastine alone.
- the present invention contributes to the prevention or treatment of prostate cancer, in particular, the most refractory prostate cancer resistant to castration-resistant prostate cancer that is resistant to cabazitaxel.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕クロペラスチン又はその医薬的に許容される塩を含むことを特徴とする前立腺がんの予防又は治療剤。
〔2〕経口投与されることを特徴とする上記〔1〕に記載の予防又は治療剤。
〔3〕前立腺がんが、去勢抵抗性前立腺がん、又はエンザルタミド耐性前立腺がんであることを特徴とする上記〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の予防又は治療剤。
〔4〕去勢抵抗性前立腺がんが、カバジタキセル耐性であることを特徴とする上記〔3〕に記載の予防又は治療剤。
〔5〕抗がん剤と併用されることを特徴とする上記〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載の予防又は治療剤。
〔6〕抗がん剤がカバジタキセルであることを特徴とする上記〔5〕に記載の予防又は治療剤。
1-{2-[(RS)-(4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methoxy]ethyl}piperidineであり、下記の式で表される化合物である。
新規AR阻害剤によるCRPC治療により、カバジタキセル耐性を獲得したCRPC患者(n=3)について、慶應義塾大学倫理委員会の承認の下、当該治療前(カバジタキセル耐性獲得前)のCRPC組織のFFPE試料と、当該治療後(カバジタキセル耐性獲得後)のCRPC組織のFFPE試料から、「RNeasy DSP FFPE kit」(Qiagen社製)を用いてmRNAを抽出した。抽出したRNAを、「Affymetrix GeneChip WT Terminal Labeling Kit」(Affymetrix社製)を用いてcDNAのフラグメンテーションとラベリングを行い、「GeneChip Fluidics Station 450」(Affymetrix社製)を用いて洗浄後、マイクロアレイシステム(GeneChip Scanner 3000 7G、Affymetrix社製)を用いてマイクロアレイ解析し、カバジタキセル耐性獲得後のCRPC細胞から、カバジタキセル耐性獲得前のCRPC細胞への遺伝子発現プロファイルの変化率を解析した。次いで、かかる変化率と、臨床上使用可能な化合物のライブラリーによる遺伝子発現プロファイルの変化率との比較・検証を、米国ブロード研究所のCMAP解析を応用して行い、カバジタキセル耐性CRPC細胞の遺伝子発現プロファイルを、カバジタキセル非耐性CRPC細胞の遺伝子発現プロファイルへ変化し得る70種の化合物を、前立腺がんの候補薬剤としてスクリーニングの結果見出した。その結果、かかる候補薬剤の1つに、クロペラスチンが含まれることが示された。
クロペラスチン類が、転移性のCRPCに対して細胞増殖抑制効果を有することを確認するために、転移性CRPC細胞株(DU145細胞株及びPC3細胞株)をクロペラスチン類存在下で培養し、細胞増殖性を解析した。
DU145細胞株及びPC3細胞株(両細胞ともにATCC[American Type Culture Collection]より入手)を、96ウェルプレート上で24時間培養した後、クロペラスチン塩酸塩(Sigma-Aldrich社製)が0.1μM、1μM又は10μMとなるように培養液に添加し、さらに24時間培養した後、生細胞数を「Premix WST-1 Cell Proliferation Assay System」(Takara Bio社製)を用いて測定した。また、コントロールとして、DU145細胞株及びPC3細胞株を、クロペラスチン塩酸塩を含まない培養液中で培養した実験もあわせて行った。
DU145細胞株及びPC3細胞株を、クロペラスチン存在下で培養すると、クロペラスチン非存在下で培養した場合と比べ、濃度依存的に生細胞数が有意に減少することが示された(図1参照)。
この結果は、クロペラスチン類が、転移性のCRPCに対して細胞増殖抑制効果を有することを示している。
クロペラスチン類が、転移性のCRPC細胞におけるEMTを抑制する効果を有することを確認するために、転移性CRPC細胞株(DU145細胞株及びPC3細胞株)を、クロペラスチン類存在下で培養し、EMT関連因子の遺伝子発現プロファイルを解析した。
DU145細胞株及びPC3細胞株を、10μMのクロペラスチン存在下、又はクロペラスチン非存在下で24時間培養した後(それぞれ、クロペラスチン処理群及び対照群)、mRNAを、「RNeasy Mini kit」(Qiagen社製)を用いて抽出した。抽出したmRNAを、「PrimeScript RT reagent Kit」(Takara Bio社製)を用いてcDNAを合成した。6種類の因子(E-カドヘリン、ビメンチン、「Zinc finger protein SNAI1」、「Zinc finger protein SNAI2」、「Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1」、及び「Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2」)をコードする遺伝子(それぞれ、CDH1遺伝子、VIM遺伝子、SNAI1遺伝子、SNAI2遺伝子、ZEB1遺伝子、及びZEB2遺伝子)のmRNAの発現レベルを解析するために、以下の表1に示すプライマー及びTaqManプローブセット(TaqMan Gene Expression Assays)(Applied Biosystems社製)と、CFX96リアルタイムシステム(Bio-Rad社製)を用いて定量PCR解析を行った。
EMTに関連する5種類のタンパク質(ビメンチン、「Zinc finger protein SNAI1」及び「Zinc finger protein SNAI2」、並びに「Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1」及び「Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2」)をコードするmRNAの発現レベルは、いずれも対照群と比べ、クロペラスチン処理群の方が減少していた(図2A及びB参照)。また、EMTにおいて発現が減少するE-カドヘリンをコードするmRNAの発現レベルは、対照群と比べ、クロペラスチン処理群の方が増加していた(図2B参照)。
これら結果は、クロペラスチン類が、転移性CRPC細胞におけるEMTを抑制し、CRPCの転移・浸潤を抑制することを示唆している。
さらに、クロペラスチン類の抗前立腺がん効果を確認するために、DU145細胞株を、クロペラスチン類存在下で培養し、これら細胞株の浸潤性を解析(Invasion assay)した。
リアルタイム細胞アナライザーxCELLigence(ACEA Biosciences社製)の各ウェルに添加した培養液に、クロペラスチン塩酸塩(Sigma-Aldrich社製)を1μMとなるように添加し、4.0×104個のDU145細胞株を添加した後培養し、マトリゲル基底膜マトリックス(Corning社製)を通過した細胞数を経時的(0~48時間)に計測した(クロペラスチン処理群)。また、比較対照として、クロペラスチン塩酸塩不含の培養液中にDU145細胞株を培養し、同様の実験も行った(対照群)。なお、1μMのクロペラスチンは、正常の細胞増殖に影響を及ぼすことがない濃度である。
DU145細胞株を、クロペラスチン不含の培養液中で培養すると、細胞が浸潤することが確認された(図3の「対照群」参照)。一方、DU145細胞株をクロペラスチン含有培養液中で培養すると、細胞の浸潤が有意に抑制されることが示された(図3の「クロペラスチン処理群」参照)。
この結果は、クロペラスチン類が、前立腺がんの細胞浸潤を抑制する効果を有することを示すとともに、細胞増殖に影響を及ぼすことがない低濃度でもかかる効果が認められたことから、副作用が少ない転移性前立腺がんの予防又は治療剤の開発が期待される。
本発明者らは、アンドロゲン非依存性のCRPCモデル細胞株C4-2AT6を樹立している(文献「Kosaka et al., J Urol. 2011 Jun;185(6):2376-81.」参照)。かかるC4-2AT6細胞株が、エンザルタミド耐性であるかどうかを確認した。
C4-2AT6細胞株と、比較対照としてアンドロゲン依存性の前立腺がん細胞株であるLN-CaP細胞株(ATCC[American Type Culture Collection]より入手)とを、それぞれ96ウェルプレート上で24時間培養した後、エンザルタミド(ケムシーン社製)を各種濃度(0μM、0.1μM、1μM、及び10μM)となるように培養液に添加し、さらに48時間培養した後、生細胞数を「Premix WST-1 Cell Proliferation Assay System」(Takara Bio社製)を用いて測定した。
エンザルタミドで処理したC4-2AT6細胞株の生細胞数は、エンザルタミドで処理したLN-CaP細胞株の生細胞数と比べ、増加することが示された(図4参照)。かかる結果を基に、エンザルタミドへの50%阻害濃度(IC50)を測定したところ、LN-CaP細胞株のIC50は12.1μMであったのに対して、C4-2AT6細胞株のIC50は94.3μMであった。
以上の結果から、C4-2AT6細胞株は、エンザルタミド非耐性株(LN-CaP細胞株)と比べ、エンザルタミドへの耐性が約7.8倍上昇したエンザルタミド耐性前立腺がん細胞株であることが確認された。
転移性CRPC細胞株であるDU145細胞株を基に、カバジタキセル耐性前立腺がん細胞株の樹立を試みた。
[DU145CR細胞株の樹立]
DU145細胞株を、0.2nMのカバジタキセル(Carbosynth社製)存在下で培養し、徐々にカバジタキセル濃度を3nMまで上昇させながら約2年間培養することにより、DU145CR細胞株を樹立した。
樹立したDU145CR細胞株と、DU145細胞株を、それぞれ96ウェルプレートで24時間培養し、各種濃度(0nM、1nM、2nM、4nM、8nM、及び16nM)のカバジタキセル存在下でさらに24時間培養した後、生細胞数を「Premix WST-1 Cell Proliferation Assay System」(Takara Bio社製)を用いて測定した。
樹立した1×106個のDU145CR細胞株と、1×106個のDU145細胞株を、それぞれ、去勢したオスヌードマウス(BALB/C)の皮下に接種し、皮下腫瘍モデルマウス(DU145CRマウス及びDU145マウス)を作製した。腫瘍の大きさが200mm3前後に達したとき、皮下腫瘍モデルマウスを4種類の群(DU145マウス群及びカバジタキセル投与DU145マウス群、並びにDU145CRマウス群及びカバジタキセル投与DU145CRマウス群)に分け、カバジタキセル投与DU145マウス群及びカバジタキセル投与DU145CRマウス群(それぞれn=5)には、10mg/kg(体重)のカバジタキセル(Carbosynth社製)を単回腹腔内投与した。なお、DU145マウス群及びDU145CRマウス群(それぞれn=5)には、カバジタキセルを投与しなかった。経口投与直後(0日)、並びに経口投与4日後、8日後、及び12日後に、腫瘍体積を測定し、平均値を算出した。
[DU145CR細胞株を用いたインビトロでの解析]
DU145CR細胞株の生細胞数は、いずれの濃度のカバジタキセル存在下においても、DU145細胞株の生細胞数と比べ、増加することが示された(図5A参照)。かかる結果を基に、カバジタキセルへのIC50を測定したところ、DU145細胞株のIC50は3.8nMであったのに対して、DU145CR細胞株のIC50は11.0nMであった。
以上の結果から、カバジタキセルへの耐性が約3倍上昇したカバジタキセル耐性前立腺がん細胞株(DU145CR細胞株)が樹立されたことが確認された。
経口投与12日後において、カバジタキセル投与DU145CRマウス群における腫瘍体積は、カバジタキセル投与DU145マウス群における腫瘍体積と比べ、約2倍に増加することが示された(図5B参照)。
以上の結果から、カバジタキセルへの耐性が約2倍上昇したカバジタキセル耐性前立腺がんモデル動物が作製されたことが確認された。
クロペラスチン類が、エンザルタミド耐性の前立腺がん、及びカバジタキセル耐性の前立腺がんに対して細胞増殖抑制効果を有することを確認するために、エンザルタミド耐性前立腺がん細胞株(C4-2AT6細胞株)と、カバジタキセル耐性前立腺がん細胞株(DU145CR細胞株)を用い、実施例2に記載の方法に従って、クロペラスチン類存在下での細胞増殖性を解析した。
C4-2AT6細胞株及びDU145CR細胞株を、クロペラスチン存在下で培養すると、クロペラスチン非存在下で培養した場合と比べ、濃度依存的に生細胞数が有意に減少することが示された(図6参照)。
この結果は、クロペラスチン類が、エンザルタミド耐性の前立腺がん、及びカバジタキセル耐性の前立腺がんに対して細胞増殖抑制効果を有することを示している。
クロペラスチン類が、前立腺がんに対して抗腫瘍効果を有することを確認するために、転移性CRPCモデルマウス、及びカバジタキセル耐性前立腺がんモデルマウスに、クロペラスチン類を投与し、腫瘍体積の変化を解析した。
1×106個の転移性CRPC細胞株(DU145細胞株)を、去勢したオスヌードマウス(BALB/C)の皮下に接種し、皮下腫瘍モデルマウスを作製した。腫瘍の大きさが100mm3に達したとき、皮下腫瘍モデルマウス(CRPCモデルマウス)を3種類の群(対照群、カバジタキセル投与群、及びクロペラスチン投与群)に分け、クロペラスチン投与群(n=5)には、クロペラスチン塩酸塩(Sigma-Aldrich社製)を、クロペラスチンに換算して12.5mg/kg(体重)/日の用量で連日経口投与し(図7Aの「クロペラスチン投与群」)、カバジタキセル投与群(n=5)には、10mg/kg(体重)のカバジタキセル(Carbosynth社製)を単回腹腔内投与した(図7Aの「カバジタキセル投与群」)。一方、対照群(n=5)には、クロペラスチン塩酸塩及びカバジタキセルのいずれも投与しなかった(図7Aの対照群)。
CRPCモデルマウスにおいて、クロペラスチン投与群における腫瘍体積は、対照群における腫瘍体積と比べ、減少することが示された(図7A参照)。また、クロペラスチン投与群における腫瘍体積の減少レベルは、カバジタキセル投与群における腫瘍体積の減少レベルと比べ、高いことも示された。
これらの結果により、クロペラスチン類が、CRPC、特にカバジタキセル耐性のCRPCに対しても、高い抗腫瘍効果を有することを、インビボでの解析により示された。
クロペラスチン類が、CRPC及びカバジタキセル耐性のCRPCに対して細胞増殖抑制効果及びアポトーシス誘導効果を有することを確認するために、転移性CRPC細胞株(DU145細胞株及びPC3細胞株)をクロペラスチン類存在下で培養し、細胞増殖マーカー(Ki67)に対する抗体を用いた免疫組織染色法及びTUNEL(TdT-mediateddUTPnickendlabeling)法により解析した。
DU145細胞株及びDU145CR細胞株を、それぞれ96ウェルプレートで24時間培養し、クロペラスチン塩酸塩(Sigma-Aldrich社製)が10μMとなるように培養液に添加し、さらに24時間培養した後、4%パラホルムアルデヒドで細胞を固定した。固定処理した細胞を、1%BSA(Bovine Serum Albumin)溶液によりブロッキング処理し、抗Ki67抗体(Dako社製)を用いた1次抗体反応処理を、4℃条件下で一晩行った。その後、ペルオキシダーゼ標識抗マウスIgG抗体(ニチレイバイオサイエンス社製)を用いた2次抗体反応処理を行い、DAB(diamino benzidine)染色法を、DABトリス錠(武藤化学社製)を用いて行った。免疫組織染色した細胞サンプルを、位相差顕微鏡下で観察し(図8A参照)、Ki67陽性細胞の割合を算出した。また、上記固定処理した細胞を、In situ Apoptosis Detection Kit(タカラバイオ社製)を用いたTUNEL法を行った。TUNEL法により染色した細胞サンプルを、位相差顕微鏡下で観察し(図9A参照)、TUNEL陽性細胞(アポトーシスした細胞)の割合を算出した。
DU145細胞株及びDU145CR細胞株を、クロペラスチン存在下で培養すると、クロペラスチン非存在下で培養した場合と比べ、Ki67陽性細胞の割合が減少するとともに(図8参照)、TUNEL陽性細胞の割合が増加することが示された(図9参照)。
この結果は、クロペラスチン類が、カバジタキセル耐性等のCRPCに対して、細胞増殖抑制効果及びアポトーシス誘導効果を有することを示している。
クロペラスチン類について、既存の抗がん剤との併用効果を確認するために、クロペラスチン類とカバジタキセルとの併用による、前立腺がん細胞の増殖抑制効果を解析した。
実施例5で樹立したDU145CR細胞株を、96ウェルプレート上で24時間培養した後、5μM、又は10μMのクロペラスチン塩酸塩(Sigma-Aldrich社製)と、2nM、又は4nMのカバジタキセル(Carbosynth社製)との存在下で、さらに24時間培養した後、生細胞数を「Premix WST-1 Cell Proliferation Assay System」(Takara Bio社製)を用いて測定した。また、コントロールとして、DU145CR細胞株を、クロペラスチン塩酸塩やカバジタキセルを含まない培養液中で培養した実験もあわせて行った。
DU145CR細胞株を、クロペラスチン及びカバジタキセルの両方の存在下で培養すると、クロペラスチン単独で培養した場合と比べ、いずれの濃度においても生細胞数が有意に減少することが示された(図10参照)。また、クロペラスチン及びカバジタキセルの併用係数(CI;Combination index)は0.60であった。
これらの結果は、クロペラスチン類をカバジタキセルと併用すると、クロペラスチン類を単独で使用した場合と比べ、前立腺がん細胞の細胞増殖抑制効果がさらに高まることを示すとともに、クロペラスチン類とカバジタキセルの併用により相乗効果が得られたことを示している。このため、前立腺がんに対して、クロペラスチン類を既存の抗がん剤と併用することにより、副作用を軽減しつつ、より高い抗腫瘍効果が得られることが十分期待できる。
クロペラスチン類について、既存の抗がん剤との併用効果を確認するために、クロペラスチン類とカバジタキセルとの併用による、前立腺がんモデルマウスに対する抗腫瘍効果を解析した。
実施例5で樹立した、5×106個のDU145CR細胞株を、去勢したオスヌードマウス(BALB/C)の皮下に接種し、皮下腫瘍モデルマウス(カバジタキセル耐性CRPCマウス)を作製した。腫瘍の大きさが100mm3に達したとき、皮下腫瘍モデルマウスを4種類の群(対照群、カバジタキセル投与群、クロペラスチン投与群、及びクロペラスチン+カバジタキセル投与群)に分け、カバジタキセル投与群(n=5)には、10mg/kg(体重)のカバジタキセル(Carbosynth社製)を単回腹腔内投与し、クロペラスチン投与群(n=5)には、クロペラスチン塩酸塩(Sigma-Aldrich社製)を、クロペラスチンに換算して12.5mg/kg(体重)/日の用量で連日経口投与し、クロペラスチン+カバジタキセル投与群(n=5)には、クロペラスチン塩酸塩を、クロペラスチンに換算して12.5mg/kg(体重)/日の用量で連日経口投与するとともに、10mg/kg(体重)のカバジタキセル(Carbosynth社製)を単回腹腔内投与した。一方、対照群(n=5)には、クロペラスチン塩酸塩及びカバジタキセルのいずれも投与しなかった。カバジタキセル耐性CRPCマウスについて、経口投与直後(0日)、並びに経口投与4日後、8日後、及び12日後に、腫瘍体積を測定し、平均値を算出した。
クロペラスチン+カバジタキセル投与群における腫瘍体積は、クロペラスチン投与群における腫瘍体積と比べ、有意に減少した(図11参照)。
この結果は、クロペラスチン類を既存の抗がん剤と併用すると、クロペラスチン類を単独で使用した場合と比べ、前立腺がんの抗腫瘍効果がさらに高まることを示している。
Claims (6)
- クロペラスチン又はその医薬的に許容される塩を含むことを特徴とする前立腺がんの予防又は治療剤。
- 経口投与されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の予防又は治療剤。
- 前立腺がんが、去勢抵抗性前立腺がん、又はエンザルタミド耐性前立腺がんであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の予防又は治療剤。
- 去勢抵抗性前立腺がんが、カバジタキセル耐性であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の予防又は治療剤。
- 抗がん剤と併用されることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の予防又は治療剤。
- 抗がん剤がカバジタキセルであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の予防又は治療剤。
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| US17/053,428 US20210283117A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2019-05-09 | Prophylactic or therapeutic agent for prostate cancer |
| JP2020518327A JP7311902B2 (ja) | 2018-05-10 | 2019-05-09 | 前立腺がんの予防又は治療剤 |
| CN201980030216.3A CN112074270A (zh) | 2018-05-10 | 2019-05-09 | 前列腺癌的预防或治疗剂 |
| EP19800673.6A EP3791877A4 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2019-05-09 | PROPHYLACTIC OR THERAPEUTIC AGENT AGAINST PROSTATE CANCER |
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| CN111840286A (zh) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-10-30 | 郑州大学 | 咳平及其盐在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 |
| EP4084871A4 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2024-01-24 | The Trustees of Indiana University | RE-PURPOSING FDA-APPROVED DRUGS AS A NOVEL THERAPEUTIC WAY AGAINST CANCER VIA INHIBITION OF PRMT5 |
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| CN113288878B (zh) * | 2021-04-15 | 2023-03-17 | 地奥集团成都药业股份有限公司 | 一种盐酸氯哌丁片及其制备方法 |
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| JPS565511B1 (ja) | 1969-06-24 | 1981-02-05 | ||
| WO2012154944A2 (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-11-15 | Stc.Unm | Methods of treating autophagy-associated disorders and related pharmaceutical compositions, diagnostics, screening techniques and kits |
| JP2013249298A (ja) * | 2012-06-04 | 2013-12-12 | Infocom Corp | 抗がん剤の効果増強剤 |
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| RU2683934C2 (ru) * | 2012-01-18 | 2019-04-03 | Текфилдз Фарма Ко., Лтд. | Композиции, содержащие пролекарства с высокой проницаемостью, и фармацевтическая композиция для лечения состояний легких |
| JP2019123671A (ja) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-25 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 前立腺がんの予防又は治療剤 |
| JP2019127437A (ja) * | 2018-01-19 | 2019-08-01 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | カバジタキセル耐性前立腺がんの予防又は治療剤 |
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2019
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- 2019-05-09 US US17/053,428 patent/US20210283117A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-05-09 CN CN201980030216.3A patent/CN112074270A/zh active Pending
- 2019-05-09 JP JP2020518327A patent/JP7311902B2/ja active Active
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| JPS565511B1 (ja) | 1969-06-24 | 1981-02-05 | ||
| WO2012154944A2 (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-11-15 | Stc.Unm | Methods of treating autophagy-associated disorders and related pharmaceutical compositions, diagnostics, screening techniques and kits |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4084871A4 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2024-01-24 | The Trustees of Indiana University | RE-PURPOSING FDA-APPROVED DRUGS AS A NOVEL THERAPEUTIC WAY AGAINST CANCER VIA INHIBITION OF PRMT5 |
| US12409173B2 (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2025-09-09 | The Trustees Of Indiana University | Repurposing FDA-approved drugs as a novel cancer therapeutic avenue through inhibition of PRMT5 |
| CN111840286A (zh) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-10-30 | 郑州大学 | 咳平及其盐在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 |
| CN111840286B (zh) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-09-20 | 郑州大学 | 咳平及其盐在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 |
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| JPWO2019216360A1 (ja) | 2021-05-13 |
| JP7311902B2 (ja) | 2023-07-20 |
| US20210283117A1 (en) | 2021-09-16 |
| EP3791877A1 (en) | 2021-03-17 |
| CN112074270A (zh) | 2020-12-11 |
| EP3791877A4 (en) | 2021-11-03 |
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