WO2019208688A1 - 生体移植用細胞シート及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
生体移植用細胞シート及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61L27/38—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells
- A61L27/3804—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells characterised by specific cells or progenitors thereof, e.g. fibroblasts, connective tissue cells, kidney cells
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- C12N2533/00—Supports or coatings for cell culture, characterised by material
- C12N2533/30—Synthetic polymers
- C12N2533/40—Polyhydroxyacids, e.g. polymers of glycolic or lactic acid (PGA, PLA, PLGA); Bioresorbable polymers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cell sheet for use in living transplantation and a method for producing the same.
- Mesenchymal stem cells are stem cells having pluripotency and self-renewal ability and differentiate into cells belonging to the mesenchymal system such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and muscle cells. In addition, neurons and hepatocytes have the ability to differentiate beyond germ layers. MSC is also known to have a paracrine effect and cell adhesion interaction due to humoral factors produced by itself. Based on these actions, MSCs are considered to exhibit the ability to repair and regenerate target tissues and cells and immune control ability such as anti-inflammation, and as a result, show therapeutic effects on various diseases.
- MSC is easy to isolate and proliferate, has a strong proliferative capacity, can secure the number of cells that can be transplanted in a short period of time, can be autotransplanted without immune rejection, has few ethical problems, and has low immunogenicity Therefore, allotransplantation is realistic without requiring pretreatment, and therefore, as an ideal material for cell transplantation, application to treatment for various diseases is being studied.
- kidney disease particularly chronic kidney disease.
- Chronic kidney disease refers to a condition in which one or both of renal impairment typified by proteinuria and decreased renal function using glomerular filtration rate as an indicator has been sustained for 3 months or more.
- One person is affected.
- the symptoms of chronic kidney disease progress to end-stage renal failure, the effects of drug treatment cannot be expected, and many patients are forced to undergo dialysis.
- artificial dialysis is a symptomatic treatment, patients suffering from chronic renal failure must continue to receive artificial dialysis throughout their lives, and the physical and economic burden on the patient is great. Furthermore, the increase in dialysis medical expenses has become a problem of concern in the medical economy.
- the present inventors have confirmed that the MSC of a patient, for example, a diabetic patient, is an abnormal MSC.
- the disease treatment effect is lost or the therapeutic effect is reduced compared to normal MSC, and the extract from the mammalian fetal appendage is said abnormal.
- MSC can be activated to recover the therapeutic effect, and that autologous transplantation treatment using such activated MSC can be performed, and extracts from mammalian fetal appendages as active ingredients
- An activator for the abnormal MSC contained was invented and a patent application was filed (Patent Document 1). This activator is particularly important in that it enables autologous transplantation of MSC even for patients in a stage where treatment is required.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a new cell sheet for transplantation containing MSC having a high therapeutic effect.
- the present inventors have found that a cell sheet of MSC having a high disease treatment effect can be produced by culturing MSC so as to have a specific low cell density on a specific culture carrier. Completed the invention.
- a cell sheet for living transplantation having MSC having an average cell density of 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 or less on the surface thereof.
- the cell sheet according to (1) further comprising a biocompatible support.
- the support is a cell culture carrier having a three-dimensional structure composed of fibers.
- the cell culture carrier has an opening formed on a contact surface with cells by fibers having an average fiber diameter of nanometer to micrometer unit.
- the cell sheet according to (4), wherein the average diameter of the openings is 500 nm to 1000 ⁇ m.
- (11) The cell sheet according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein the MSC is derived from bone marrow or adipose tissue.
- (12) The cell sheet according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the MSC is an MSC separated from a subject having a disease.
- a method for producing a cell sheet for living transplantation comprising a step of preparing a cell sheet of 0.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 or less.
- the cell culture carrier has an opening formed on a contact surface with a cell by a fiber having an average fiber diameter of nanometer to micrometer unit.
- the average diameter of the openings is 500 nm to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the cell culture carrier is a cell culture carrier containing nanofibers made of a biodegradable polymer.
- the MSC is derived from bone marrow or adipose tissue.
- the MSC is MSC isolated from a subject having a disease.
- a cell sheet having a high therapeutic effect can be produced, and the number of MSC cells required in MSC transplantation therapy can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional case.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the result of cluster analysis of a gene expression profile of -MSC). It is a graph which shows transition of the serum creatinine of the diabetic nephropathy rat after anticancer agent treatment which administered Vehicle or transplanted the cell sheet. It is a graph which shows transition of the survival rate to 11 weeks after the transplantation of the diabetic nephropathy rat which administered the vehicle or transplanted the cell sheet after the anticancer agent treatment.
- the thick line shows the average value of each group, and the thin line shows the 95% CI (confidence interval) of each group.
- a glomerulus is shown.
- Tubules are shown.
- the first aspect of the present invention is a cell sheet for living body transplanting having an MSC having an average cell density of 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 or less on its surface (hereinafter simply referred to as a cell sheet). About.
- the cell sheet has MSC (MSC population) having an average cell density of 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 or less on the surface thereof.
- the average cell density of the MSC is an arithmetic average value of the number of cells of the MSC per unit area of the cell sheet.
- the number of MSCs confirmed by observing the surface of the cell sheet with a microscope or the like is counted, and the total number is counted as a cell. It can be calculated by dividing by the area of the entire sheet, or by observing the surface of the cell sheet with a microscope or the like and counting the number of MSCs per unit area.
- the average cell density of MSCs existing on the cell sheet surface may be 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 or less, for example, 0.1 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 3.0 ⁇ 10. 4 cells / cm 2 , 0.1 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 2.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , 0.1 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.5 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , 0.1 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , 0.1 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 0.5 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , 0.3 ⁇ 10 3 Cells / cm 2 to 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , 0.5 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , 1.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 3 0.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 3.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10
- the average cell density of MSC on the cell sheet surface is preferably 0.5 ⁇ 10 3 to 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , more preferably 0.5 ⁇ 10 3 to 2.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 . cm 2 , still more preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 2.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , still more preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.8 ⁇ 10 4 cells / Cm 2 , still more preferably 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.6 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , more preferably 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 Cells / cm 2 , particularly preferably 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 8.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 .
- the average cell density can also be expressed by the occupancy (confluence) of MSC on the cell sheet surface.
- Confluent or 100% confluent is a state in which the cell sheet surface is completely covered with MSC, and the MSCs are in close contact with each other.
- the relative cell density relative to this is% confluent, and can be calculated by dividing the total area occupied by the MSCs on the cell sheet surface by the area of the entire sheet.
- an average cell density of 2.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 corresponds to 60% confluence.
- an average cell density of 1.0 ⁇ 10 3 to 2.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 is 10 to 60% confluent, 1.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.6 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2.
- cm 2 is 10-50% confluent
- 1.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 is 10-40% confluent
- 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 corresponds to 20-40% confluence
- 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 8.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 correspond to 20-35% confluence.
- the cell sheet of the present invention having MSC having an average cell density of 2.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 or less on the surface thereof is expressed as a cell sheet having MSC having a cell density of 60% or less on the surface thereof. You can also.
- the cell sheet of the present invention has an MSC having a cell density of 10-60% confluent, 10-50% confluent, 10-40% confluent, 20-40% confluent, 20-35% confluent on its surface. Have.
- the cell sheet may contain cells other than the MSC as long as it has MSC having an average cell density of 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 or less on its surface.
- the cells other than the MSC may be cells derived from a tissue that is a source of MSC separation, or may be a cell added with the expectation of a preferable effect in combination with the MSC.
- the latter cells are, for example, vascular endothelial cells, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, etc., and are appropriately selected according to the disease to be treated and the site to be transplanted.
- One example of the cell sheet of the present invention is a sheet in which MSCs adhere to each other via an extracellular matrix produced by MSC itself or an extracellular matrix added to a medium during culture.
- the cell sheet of the present invention is a cell sheet further including a biocompatible support.
- the cell sheet may be a combination of an MSC and a support bonded to each other via an extracellular matrix, or an MSC cell body in which the MSC adheres to the surface of the sheet-shaped support.
- the support and the MSC may be integrated, for example, partially or entirely embedded in a depression or opening on the surface of the support.
- the cell sheet “having MSC on its surface” in the present invention includes one in which a part or the whole of the MSC cell body is buried in a recess or an opening in the surface of the support, as one aspect thereof.
- the cell sheet of the present invention is in a state in which MSCs are adhered to each other via an extracellular matrix or integrated with a support, and MSC is simply seeded thereon for cell culture. A distinction is only made from culture carriers.
- the support included in the cell sheet of the present invention may be in the form of a sheet composed of a biocompatible material, and the shape and size thereof can be used as long as they can be easily handled during subsequent transplantation into the living body. There is no restriction on the sheath thickness.
- biocompatible materials include polymer compounds such as polyfluorinated ethylene and polystyrene, inorganic compounds such as silica, biodegradable polymers, and the like, with biodegradable polymers being preferred.
- biodegradable polymers include the above-mentioned copolymers such as polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, polyethylene glycol, polycaprolactone, polydioxanone, and other lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymers for synthetic polymer materials; ⁇ -phosphorus for inorganic materials
- natural polymer materials include collagen, gelatin, alginic acid, hyaluronic acid, agarose, chitosan, fibrin, fibroin, chitin, cellulose, and silk.
- a preferred example of the support contained in the cell sheet of the present invention is a sheet-like cell culture carrier having a three-dimensional structure made of fibers.
- a sheet-like three-dimensional culture carrier composed of fibers having an average fiber diameter of nanometer (nm) to micrometer ( ⁇ m) units is preferable.
- a cell culture carrier or a culture carrier is a carrier used as a scaffold to which cells adhere, used in cell culture.
- the “average fiber diameter” is an arithmetic operation of the fiber diameter measured as a length in a direction perpendicular to the fiber length direction when the culture support is observed from the cell adhesion surface side, typically from above. Mean value.
- the average in this specification means a number average.
- a three-dimensional culture carrier comprising fibers having an average fiber diameter of nanometer (nm) to micrometer ( ⁇ m) units, and having an opening formed on a surface in contact with cells by the fiber
- the “opening” refers to a depression formed on the contact surface of the carrier with the cells, which is formed by the fiber.
- the average diameter of the opening means the average value of the diameter of the figure with the outline of the fiber, which is recognized when the culture carrier is observed from above when the fibers are in contact with each other.
- the figure diameter is the arithmetic mean of the diagonal length from each vertex when the figure is a polygon, the diameter when the figure is circular, and the diameter when the figure is an ellipse or similar shape. Corresponds to the major axis.
- the average diameter of the opening means an average flow hole diameter obtained by a method prescribed in ASTM-F316, which is obtained by using, for example, a porometer (manufactured by Coulter, Inc.). It can be measured by the mean flow point method.
- the average fiber diameter of the fibers constituting the three-dimensional culture carrier can be in the range of nm to ⁇ m, preferably 10 nm to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 nm to 300 ⁇ m.
- the average fiber diameter is, for example, in the range of 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m, 100 nm to 1 ⁇ m, 500 nm to 1 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, or 1 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m. It may be in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m or 10 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m. In the present invention, fibers generally called nanofibers can also be used.
- the average diameter of the opening may be 500 nm to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably 700 nm to 600 ⁇ m, more preferably 900 nm to 400 ⁇ m.
- the average diameter of the openings is in the range of, for example, 500 nm to 100 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m, or 100 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m, preferably 500 nm. It suffices to be in the range of 100 ⁇ m or 100 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m.
- the three-dimensional culture carrier has a porosity of 60% or more, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 75% or more, and particularly preferably 80% or more.
- the average area of the openings of the three-dimensional culture carrier is 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m 2 , preferably 0.2 to 60 ⁇ m 2 , more preferably 0.5 to 30 ⁇ m 2 .
- the opening area corresponds to the hole area.
- the three-dimensional culture carrier has a structure in which fibers are three-dimensionally integrated, that is, fibers are stacked in a three-dimensional direction, and the arrangement of the fibers may or may not be regular. It may or may not be bonded.
- the three-dimensional culture carrier is not particularly limited as long as it has a three-dimensional structure composed of fibers on the cell adhesion surface, and has a part that does not adhere to cells, typically a base member under the three-dimensional structure composed of fibers. It may be.
- the base member may be any structure as long as it can support the three-dimensional structure, and may be, for example, a nonwoven fabric, a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a porous scaffold material, or the like.
- the three-dimensional culture carrier used as a support may be in the form of a sheet composed of a biocompatible material, as long as it can be easily handled during cell culture and subsequent transplantation into the living body.
- size, and thickness For example, the thing of the form which cannot be used for biological transplantation, such as what was shape
- the cell adhesion surface in the three-dimensional culture carrier may be a portion having a three-dimensional structure whose main part is a fiber.
- the culture carrier is observed from the cell adhesion surface side, typically from above. In this case, 50% or more of the area of the culture carrier may be occupied by a portion having a three-dimensional structure composed of fibers. Therefore, the three-dimensional culture carrier has a part of the cell adhesion surface that is not a “three-dimensional structure composed of fibers”, for example, a flat film-like part that does not have a three-dimensional structure, and the area of the part on the adhesion surface Can be included within a range of less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, and more preferably less than 30%.
- Examples of the three-dimensional culture carrier usable in the present invention include VECELL (registered trademark) (polytetrafluoroethylene, average fiber diameter: ⁇ 1 ⁇ m, average pore area: 1 to 20 ⁇ m 2 , manufactured by Bethel Co., Ltd.
- the cell sheet of the present invention can be locally administered to a living body by transplanting to a site where a disease is occurring in a living body, a site that may be generated or a site causing a disease, or the vicinity thereof.
- Diseases in which cell transplantation therapy using MSC is effective such as diabetes and its complications, cerebrovascular disease, brain degenerative disease, demyelinating disease, functional seizure disease, dementia disease, peripheral nerve disease, cardiovascular disease , Autoimmune disease, liver / bile duct / pancreatic disease, stomach / duodenal disease, small intestine / colon disease, thyroid disease, blood / hematopoietic disease, lung disease, acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, eye disease, skin disease, muscle / Bone diseases, trauma and GVHD (graft versus host disease) can be treated and / or prevented.
- diseases in which cell transplantation therapy using MSC such as diabetes and its complications, cerebrovascular disease, brain degenerative disease, demyelinating disease, functional seizure disease
- diseases that can be treated and / or prevented by local administration of cell sheets include type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes and their complications such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic Neuropathy, diabetic gangrene, etc .; cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke (cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage), Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, basal ganglia degeneration, multisystem atrophy, spinocerebellar degeneration, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Degenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, optic neuromyelitis; functional seizure diseases such as epilepsy and cerebral palsy; vascular dementia, Alzheimer's disease, small Levy Dementia such as somatic dementia, frontotemporal dementia, diabetic dementia; Guillain-Barre syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, facial paralysis, trigeminal neuralgia, dysuria, erectile dysfunction, autonomic ataxia Peripheral
- the disease to which the cell sheet of the present invention is applied is preferably diabetic nephropathy, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic gangrene, Alzheimer's disease, diabetic dementia Rheumatoid arthritis, polymyositis and wounds.
- Treatment and / or prevention as used herein includes all medically acceptable types of therapeutic and / or prophylactic interventions intended to cure, temporarily ameliorate, prevent, etc. a disease or condition. . That is, treatment and / or prevention of a disease or symptom is medically acceptable for various purposes, including delaying or stopping the progression of the disease or symptom, regression or disappearance of a lesion, prevention of onset or prevention of recurrence, etc. Includes intervention.
- an effective amount of the cell sheet of the present invention is locally administered to a subject.
- “effective amount” means an amount effective for treating and / or preventing a disease. Such an effective amount is appropriately adjusted according to the type of disease, the organ or tissue administered locally, the severity of symptoms, the patient and other medical factors.
- the effective amount of the cell sheet is from 10 2 cells to 10 9 cells, preferably from 10 4 cells to 10 6 cells per kg body weight of the individual administered in terms of the number of MSCs contained in the sheet. is there.
- the average cell density for use in the treatment of kidney disease is 1.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , more preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 2.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , more preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.8 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , still more preferably 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.6 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , even more preferable 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 , particularly preferably 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 8.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 .
- the cell sheet is transplanted so as to be applied to the kidney, preferably under the fiber coat of the kidney, and at that time, it is preferable to keep the detached gerotor fascia and fat layer of the kidney away from the renal parenchyma as much as possible.
- transplanting the cell sheet into the kidney of a kidney disease patient it is possible to suppress or prevent the progression of kidney disease and symptoms associated therewith, and further improve this.
- end stage renal failure for example, in severe chronic kidney disease, the progression of renal damage can be suppressed and the mortality rate can be reduced.
- Another preferred embodiment of the cell sheet of the present invention has an average cell density of 0.5 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.5 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 for use in the treatment of brain injury or neurodegenerative diseases.
- 1.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 1.5 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 more preferably 1.8 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 to 0.5 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm.
- transplanting the cell sheet into the brain of a patient with brain injury or neurodegenerative disease it is possible to suppress or prevent progression of brain injury, neurodegenerative disease and symptoms associated therewith, and further improve this.
- cognitive function can be improved by transplanting a cell sheet to a degenerative site of a neurodegenerative disease.
- the cell sheet of the present invention unlike a cell sheet containing conventional MSC, has a significantly low average cell density of MSC. As shown in Examples described later, the present inventors significantly increased the therapeutic effect of individual MSCs by culturing MSCs at a low cell density on a cell culture carrier having a three-dimensional structure composed of fibers. I found out that Surprisingly, although the cell sheet containing MSC cultured at low density has a significantly smaller number of cells than the cell sheet containing conventional MSC, the therapeutic effect as a whole sheet is higher than that of the conventional cell sheet. .
- the present invention also provides a method for treating and / or preventing a disease in which cell transplantation therapy using MSC is effective, comprising locally administering an effective amount of the cell sheet of the present invention to a subject in need thereof. It is included as an embodiment. The meaning of each term in this embodiment is as described above.
- the cell sheet of the present invention comprises an MSC, for example, an MSC separated from a subject having a disease, on a cell culture carrier having a three-dimensional structure composed of fibers, of 3.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / cm 2 or less. It can be produced by a method including a step of seeding with the number of cells and a step of culturing MSC to prepare a cell sheet having an average cell density of 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 or less. This manufacturing method is another aspect of the present invention.
- Subject means any animal having MSC, preferably a mammal individual, for example, a human, a primate such as a chimpanzee, a rodent such as a mouse, rat, guinea pig, hamster, cow, goat, It is an individual such as an cloven-hoofed eye such as sheep or pig, an odd-hoofed eye such as a horse, a rabbit, a dog, or a cat, and more preferably a human individual.
- a mammal individual for example, a human, a primate such as a chimpanzee, a rodent such as a mouse, rat, guinea pig, hamster, cow, goat, It is an individual such as an cloven-hoofed eye such as sheep or pig, an odd-hoofed eye such as a horse, a rabbit, a dog, or a cat, and more preferably a human individual.
- the MSC used for producing the cell sheet may be an MSC separated from a healthy subject or an MSC separated from a subject having a disease.
- MSCs used in the present invention are pluripotent such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), embryonic stem cells (ES cells), embryonic tumor cells (EC cells), embryonic germ stem cells (EG cells), etc. It may be obtained by inducing differentiation from sex stem cells.
- iPS cells induced pluripotent stem cells
- ES cells embryonic stem cells
- EC cells embryonic tumor cells
- EG cells embryonic germ stem cells
- Patent Document 1 it is known that MSCs of subjects having certain diseases and aging subjects have a lower therapeutic effect than MSCs of healthy subjects. Even if transplanted as it is, a high therapeutic effect cannot be expected.
- the therapeutic effect of individual MSCs can be enhanced by low-density culture on a three-dimensional culture carrier, cells having high therapeutic effect even when MSC having such a low therapeutic effect is used as a raw material. Sheets can be manufactured.
- a disease affecting a subject having MSC having a low therapeutic effect is a chronic disease, and an example thereof is described in Patent Document 1 as a disease in which MSC becomes abnormal.
- MSCs are preferably collected from individuals of the same or related species as the cells to which the cells are administered, considering the safety in subsequent cell transplantation therapy.
- cells collected from a human who is preferably the same species, more preferably cells collected from the same human individual receiving administration, that is, autologous MSC are used.
- MSC used for the production of the cell sheet in the present invention can be collected by a general method from a sample of the target bone marrow fluid, adipose tissue, fetal appendage tissue, dental pulp and the like.
- MSC can be separated by a known technique such as density gradient centrifugation or bone marrow seeding.
- the MSC is a bone marrow or adipose tissue derived MSC.
- the production method of the present invention includes a step of seeding MSC at a cell number of 3.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / cm 2 or less on a cell culture carrier having a three-dimensional structure composed of fibers.
- a sheet-shaped cell culture carrier having a three-dimensional structure made of the above-mentioned fibers is placed in a normal cell culture vessel, a medium is added, the cell culture carrier is immersed, and the number of cells is adjusted thereon. This can be done by sowing MSCs.
- the bottom of the cell culture vessel may be of a size that allows the three-dimensional culture carrier to be placed in an expanded state, but when the three-dimensional culture carrier is placed in an expanded state, It is preferable that there are few uncovered parts.
- the bottom surface of the cell culture container has the same shape as the three-dimensional culture carrier or a shape inscribed by the three-dimensional culture carrier.
- the number of MSC cells to be seeded is appropriately adjusted according to the average cell density of the produced cell sheet.
- the number of MSC cells to be seeded may be in the range of 10 times to 1/10 times the average cell density of the produced cell sheet, and preferably in the range of 10 times to 1 time.
- the number of MSC cells to be seeded is 3.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 .
- the number of MSC cells to be seeded is 2.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 2.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells /
- the number of MSC cells to be seeded is 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 1.0 ⁇ .
- the number of MSC cells to be seeded is 5.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 ⁇
- the number of MSC cells to be seeded is 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells.
- the number of MSC cells to be seeded is 0.5 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 to 0.5 ⁇ 10 2 cells / cm 2 .
- the number of seeded cells is a numerical value per area of the three-dimensional culture carrier, and the actual number of seeded cells is a value calculated by dividing the bottom area of the cell culture container by the area of the three-dimensional culture carrier. Calculated by multiplication.
- a medium usually used for MSC culture for example, ⁇ -MEM, DMEM or the like can be used.
- These media may contain various components necessary for MSC growth, such as serum components.
- the production method of the present invention includes a step of culturing MSC on a culture carrier having a three-dimensional structure made of fibers to prepare a cell sheet having an average cell density of 3.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 or less.
- the culture of MSC on a three-dimensional culture carrier is performed for 24 hours to 144 hours, preferably 24 hours to 96 hours, more preferably 48 to 96 hours.
- the culture temperature and gas concentration in the culture step may be within the range of the temperature and gas concentration normally used for MSC culture, and the temperature is, for example, 25 ° C. to 37 ° C., preferably 30 ° C. to 37 ° C., more preferably 37 ° C.
- the oxygen concentration is, for example, 2% to 30%, preferably 2% to 20%. It is possible to prepare a cell sheet having a target average cell density by adjusting the number of cells to be seeded on a culture carrier within the above range, and by adjusting culture conditions such as culture time and temperature as necessary. it can.
- the cell sheet produced by the above method may be used in a state in which the three-dimensional culture carrier is included as a support, or may be used after being peeled off from the three-dimensional culture carrier, Or after peeling off from a three-dimensional culture support
- the culture carrier capable of peeling the cell sheet include poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) and other fibers whose surface is coated with a polymer whose molecular structure is changed by stimulation of temperature, pH, light, etc. 3 Mention may be made of cell culture carriers having a dimensional structure.
- the culture carrier does not need to be in the form of a sheet.
- the shape of the three-dimensional culture carrier is not limited as long as cells can come into contact with a three-dimensional structure composed of fibers during culture.
- the three-dimensional culture carrier may have an insert-like shape installed and used in a cell culture container, or a three-dimensional structure made of fibers is integrally formed on the inner surface of the cell culture container, for example, the bottom surface of a well. It may be a molded shape.
- MSC on the cell sheet may be maintained in an undifferentiated state or may be differentiated into desired cells.
- Maintenance of MSCs in an undifferentiated state may be achieved by using a medium suitable for maintaining the undifferentiated state, such as HyClone AdvanceSTEM Messenchymal Cell Expansion Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific), MesenCult (trademark) MSC Basal MediumLST (STEMChL) It can be carried out by culturing MSC using (trademark) Media (DV Biologics), MSC medium kit (MSCGM BulletKit, Lonza) or the like.
- MSC differentiation can be performed by a generally known method such as culture in a differentiation-inducing medium to which a factor having an action of inducing differentiation into a desired cell is added.
- Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP) 4, BMP2 and the like are used as differentiation inducers for differentiation into osteoblasts, and dexamethasone, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, insulin and the like are used for differentiation into adipocytes.
- a medium containing an activator comprising an extract from a mammalian fetal appendage as an active ingredient It is preferable to culture MSC using
- an “extract from a mammalian fetal appendage” that can be used in the present invention is International Patent Publication No. WO2015 / 137419, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. It is an extract described in US Patent Application Publication No. US2017 / 0071984 which is a corresponding US application. This extract can be used as is for fetal appendages, preferably umbilical cord tissue, placenta tissue or egg membrane, delivered from a mother as a postpartum after delivery of a mammal, preferably a human fetus, or removed from the mother by caesarean section.
- fetal appendages preferably umbilical cord tissue, placenta tissue or egg membrane
- the extract is an extract prepared by cutting or crushing and immersing it in an extraction medium such as distilled water, physiological saline, phosphate buffered physiological saline, or a medium usually used in cell culture.
- an extraction medium such as distilled water, physiological saline, phosphate buffered physiological saline, or a medium usually used in cell culture.
- the extract does not contain cells having proliferation ability derived from a mammal which is a donor.
- Specific extraction operations and conditions may follow the operations and conditions described in Patent Document 1.
- an extract from a mammalian fetal appendage is a treatment commonly used by those skilled in the art when preparing a physiologically active substance from a fetal appendage, typically a placenta, such as an acid or enzyme. It can be prepared by subjecting the fetal appendage to a treatment such as hydrolysis used.
- extracts include placenta preparation “Mersmon”, a human placental acid hydrolyzate sold by Mersmon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., human placenta preparation “Laenneck”, etc., sold from Japan Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
- Various commercial products called formulations and placenta extracts are commercial products called formulations and placenta extracts.
- activator containing an extract from a mammalian fetal appendage refers to an agent for increasing the therapeutic effect of MSC, containing the aforementioned extract as an active ingredient.
- activator refers to an agent for increasing the therapeutic effect of MSC, containing the aforementioned extract as an active ingredient.
- activator refers to an agent for increasing the therapeutic effect of MSC, containing the aforementioned extract as an active ingredient.
- the concentration of the activator in the medium used for the culture may be 0.01 ⁇ g / mL to 500 ⁇ g / mL as the final concentration in terms of protein, but is preferably 0.02 ⁇ g / mL to 300 ⁇ g / mL, more preferably 0. 0.04 ⁇ g / mL to 100 ⁇ g / mL, and in certain embodiments may be 0.05 ⁇ g / mL to 10 ⁇ g / mL.
- MSC culture MSC derived from bone marrow collected at the time of artificial joint replacement in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip joint, MSC culture medium (15% FBS, 1% penicillin, 1% streptomycin) containing no activator DMEM containing 4500 mg / L glucose and L-glutamine).
- VECELL 6well (registered trademark) (Bethel Co., Ltd.), which is a cell culture carrier having a three-dimensional structure composed of fibers, respectively, 8 ⁇ 10 4 cells / well, Cellbed 24well (registered trademark) (Nippon Vilene) Co., Ltd.) 2 ⁇ 10 4 cells / well, 3D-insert PS-200 12 well and 3D-insert PS-400 12 well (3DBiotek) seeded with 3.8 ⁇ 10 4 cells / well, and culture of comparative example Cell culture substrate A (average fiber diameter 0.1 to 0.5 ⁇ m, porosity 70% or less, average pore area 0.2 ⁇ m 2 , 24 well) seeded with 2 ⁇ 10 4 cells / well for activation The cells were cultured at 37 ° C.
- the base material A is a base material that has a three-dimensional structure composed of fibers in a part thereof, but a flat film-like portion not having the three-dimensional structure occupies about 50% of the cell adhesion surface.
- Corning (registered trademark) Costar (registered trademark) cell culture 6 well plate (Thermo Fisher Science, Inc.), which is a flat two-dimensional cell culture carrier, was cultured in MSC culture medium containing no activating agent 6 ⁇ OA-MSC 6 ⁇ . 10 4 cells / well were seeded and cultured in the presence of 100 ⁇ g / mL activator. This culture was repeated once more to prepare passage 2 control OA-MSC.
- Example 1 Preparation of Cell Sheet OA-MSC was cultured in MSC culture medium (DMEM containing 15% FBS, 1% penicillin, 1% streptomycin, 4500 mg / L glucose and L-glutamine) without an activating agent.
- MSC culture medium DMEM containing 15% FBS, 1% penicillin, 1% streptomycin, 4500 mg / L glucose and L-glutamine
- Cells are collected, and a cell culture substrate B of 2.5 cm ⁇ 2.5 cm is placed in a two-dimensional culture carrier (Corning® Costar® cell culture 6-well plate, Thermo Fisher Science), and 8 ⁇ 10 8 4 cell MSCs were seeded, 2 mL of MSC culture medium containing 1 ⁇ g / mL activator was added, and cultured at 37 ° C. for 72 hours to prepare a passage 1 OA-MSC sheet.
- MSC culture medium DMEM containing 15% FBS, 1% penicillin, 1% streptomycin, 4500 mg / L glucose
- MSC sheets prepared by this method contain approximately 8,500 cells / cm 2 MSC.
- Cell culture substrate B is disclosed in International Publication WO2016 / 068266 pamphlet and Liu L, Kamei K et al. Biomaterials 124 (2017) 47-54 is a three-dimensional culture carrier containing nanofibers made of polyglycolic acid on a base member made of polyglycolic acid produced by the method described in 47-54.
- Example 2 MSC Gene Expression Analysis MSCs prepared in Reference Example 1 and Example 1 were collected, and total RNA was extracted using Tri Reagent (Molecular Research Center, Inc). Clone DNA was synthesized by reverse transcription reaction, and the bases shown in Table 1 for OCT4, Nanog, SOX2, DNMT1, TERT, IL-6, IDO, TSG-6, p16ink4a , p21, p53, ⁇ -SMA and 18sRNA Real-time PCR was performed using a primer set consisting of sequences. (F) in the table means a forward primer, and (R) means a reverse primer.
- a ⁇ CT value was calculated based on the control OA-MSC cultured in the presence of 100 ⁇ g / mL activator on a two-dimensional culture carrier using 18sRNA as a housekeeping gene, and the gene expression profile was analyzed. Turned into.
- OA-MSC (VECELL_0.1) cultured in the presence of 0.1 ⁇ g / mL activator on Preset VECELL, cultured in the presence of 0.1, 1 or 10 ⁇ g / mL activator on Cellbed OA-MSC (3D.insert200_0.1), 3D- cultured in the presence of 0.1 ⁇ g / mL activator on OA-MSC (CellBed_0.1, CellBed_1, CellBed_10, respectively), 3D-insert PS-200 OA-MSC (3D.
- the results of the control OA-MSC (2D_100) cultured below are shown in FIG.
- OCT4, SOX2, Nanog, DNMT1, IDO, TSG6, IL-6, and TERT are all markers that increase expression in MSC with high therapeutic effect, and P53 and ⁇ -SMA are suppressed in expression in MSC with high therapeutic effect. It is a marker.
- p16ink4a is a positive marker of the therapeutic effect which has high correlation with OCT4, SOX2, Nanog, IDO and TSG6 found by the present inventors. From these results, it was considered that OA-MSC cultured on any three-dimensional culture carrier had a higher therapeutic effect than OS-MSC cultured on the two-dimensional culture carrier.
- A_1 and A_0.1 show gene expression profiles similar to 2D_100, and the therapeutic effect of OA-MSC cultured on substrate A is the same as that of OA-MSC cultured on a normal two-dimensional culture carrier. It was estimated that it was about.
- Rituximab (Chugai Pharmaceutical) 5 mg / animal was administered to the 14-month-old male OLETF rat (Hoshino test animal) developing diabetic nephropathy once daily for 4 days.
- OLETF rat Hoshino test animal
- the gerotor fascia, fat layer and fibrous capsule were carefully incised and removed from the renal surface so as not to damage the adrenal glands and pulled to the hilar region.
- One MSC sheet of 2.5 cm ⁇ 2.5 cm and one MSC sheet cut into 1/3 were attached so as to wrap the entire kidney. Similarly, an MSC sheet was attached to the other kidney.
- Blood was collected from the rats at the time of MSC sheet transplantation, 3 weeks and 6 weeks after transplantation, and serum creatinine was measured using an enzymatic method (SRL).
- serum creatinine increased with time
- MSC sheet group no increase in serum creatinine value was observed.
- FIG. 3 shows a Kaplan-Meier curve representing the survival rate up to 11 weeks after transplantation.
- the MSC sheet group showed a higher survival rate than the Vehicle group.
- kidney tissue sections excised from animals 11 weeks after transplantation were prepared, and PAS-stained specimens were observed with an optical microscope and an electron microscope.
- Vehicle group almost all glomeruli were cured, and abnormal mesangial cells and podocytes were observed (FIG. 4, upper left, FIG. 5).
- tubules inflammatory cell infiltration into the tubulointerstitium, abnormalities of the tubular epithelial cells, dropping of the tubular epithelium, thickening of the basement membrane, etc. were observed (FIG. 4, lower left, FIGS. 6, 7).
- MSC sheet group normal glomeruli remained (upper right of FIG. 4), and mesangial cells and podocytes were normalized (FIG.
- the rat used in this study is a model animal that develops severe chronic kidney disease to a certain degree by further inducing acute kidney injury by anticancer drug treatment in addition to diabetic nephropathy. He had very severe end-stage renal disease corresponding to the 4th stage (renal failure stage). It was confirmed that the cell sheet of the present invention exhibits an excellent therapeutic effect even for such serious diseases.
- Example 4 Renal Disease Treatment Effect of Cell Sheet (Diabetic Nephropathy)
- Rats subjected to a sham operation in which only the dorsal skin and fascia were incised were assigned to the Sham group.
- Blood was collected from rats at the time of MSC sheet transplantation, 4 weeks and 11 weeks after transplantation, and serum creatinine was measured using an enzyme method (SRL), and urea nitrogen (BUN) was measured using a UV method (SRL).
- SRL enzyme method
- BUN urea nitrogen
- Example 5 Renal disease therapeutic effect of cell sheet (diabetic nephropathy) OA-MSCs were cultured in MSC culture medium (DMEM containing 10% FBS, 1% penicillin, 1% streptomycin, 4500 mg / L glucose and L-glutamine) without an activating agent. The cells were collected, and 1 ⁇ 0.8 cm Neobale Nano (Gunze Inc.) was placed in a two-dimensional culture carrier (Thermo Scientific TM Nunc TM Lab-Tek TM, 8 well, Thermo Fisher Science) 4 ⁇ 10 Passage number 1 OA-MSC sheets were prepared by seeding 3- cell MSCs, adding 200 ⁇ L of MSC medium containing no activator, and culturing at 37 ° C. for 24 hours. MSC sheets prepared by this method contain MSCs of 4781 cells / cm 2 (average value of average cell density of 3923 to 5884 cells / cm 2 of each prepared sheet).
- MSC culture medium DMEM containing 10% FBS, 1% pen
- KK-Ay mice In both kidneys of 16-week-old male KK-Ay mice developing diabetic nephropathy, the gerotor fascia, fat layer and fibrous capsule were carefully incised so as not to damage the adrenal glands and peeled off the kidney surface.
- Urine from mice was collected before and at 4 weeks after transplantation of MSC sheets, albumin in urine using immunoturbidimetric method (Oriental Yeast Industry Co., Ltd.), and urine using enzyme method (Oriental Yeast Industry Co., Ltd.). Creatinine was measured.
- FIG. 13 shows the difference in the urinary albumin / creatinine ratio before the MSC sheet transplantation and at 4 weeks after the MSC sheet transplantation.
- the urinary albumin / creatinine ratio increased in the untreated group, but rather tended to decrease in the MSC sheet group.
- the cell sheet used in this example has an average cell density lower than that of the cell sheet prepared in Example 1, it has excellent treatment for diabetic nephropathy in the same manner as the cell sheet prepared in Example 1. It was confirmed to show an effect.
- Example 6 Renal disease therapeutic effect of cell sheet (acute kidney injury due to ischemia reperfusion) 1) Preparation of cell sheet according to the method of Example 1, MSCs having the number of cells shown in Table 2 were seeded on a substrate B of 2.5 cm ⁇ 2.5 cm and cultured in an MSC culture medium containing no activator. Thus, cell sheets having MSCs having different average cell densities were prepared.
- MSCs on the cell sheets A to G were stained with DAPI (4 ′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) and observed with a microscope (FIG. 14).
- DAPI 4- ′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- FIG. 14 When% confluence on each cell sheet was measured when the cell density when culturing MSC on the same culture carrier until reaching confluence was 100%, sheets A to C were 90% to 70% confluence, D to F was 60% to 10% confluence and G was less than 10% confluence.
- FIG. 16 shows the relationship between the survival days of each rat up to the 10th day after transplantation and the average cell density of the cell sheet, and a Kaplan-Meier curve showing the survival rate for each group (high, medium, low) of the average cell density. 17 shows. All rats transplanted with sheets D to F having a medium average cell density survived until the 10th day after transplantation, but half of the mice transplanted with sheets A to C having a high average cell density, and average cells All mice transplanted with low density sheet G died by day 10.
- the above results of sheets A to C having a large absolute number of MSCs are presumed to be due to the low therapeutic effect of individual MSCs.
- the above result of the sheet G which is estimated to have the highest therapeutic effect of each MSC, is presumed to be due to a lack of the absolute number of cells required for exerting the therapeutic effect.
- FIG. 18 shows Kaplan-Meier curves representing the survival rate of the group with Sham-renal capsule treatment and the group without Sham-renal capsule treatment up to 10 days after transplantation.
- the group with the Sham-renal capsule treatment had a lower rate of decrease in survival than the group without the Sham-renal capsule treatment, so that the gerotor fascia, fat layer and fiber capsule were removed from the kidney surface and away from the renal parenchyma, It was confirmed that the effects of acute kidney injury were alleviated.
- Example 7 Alzheimer's Disease Treatment Effect of Cell Sheet 1 Preparation of cell sheet According to the method of Example 6 1), MSCs having the number of cells shown in Table 3 were seeded on a substrate B of 2.5 cm ⁇ 2.5 cm, and MSC culture containing no activator was performed. Cell sheets having MSCs with different average cell densities were prepared by culturing in a medium.
- a novel object recognition test was conducted 3 weeks after transplantation.
- the contents of the novel object recognition test are as follows. On day 0, mice were placed in a blank box for 5 minutes and allowed to adapt to the environment. On the first day, the mouse was placed in a box containing two identical objects for 5 minutes (Familiarization), and after 1 hour, one substance was changed to a novel object, and each time to search for a novel object or existing object was measured in 5 minutes. .
- the ratio of the search time of a novel object to the total search time of two objects (Preference index; new / (new + existing object search time) ⁇ 100%) was calculated, and 50% or more was regarded as good cognitive function. The position of the object was set at the same position throughout the test.
- FIG. 19 shows the result of plotting the preference index divided into two groups according to the average cell density of the transplanted sheet.
- the preference index was high and the cognitive function was good. Therefore, the cell sheet of the present invention also shows a therapeutic effect against Alzheimer's disease. It was confirmed.
- TM Liberase
- Cell pellets collected from 1 g of fat were seeded on a 15 cm dish, cultured for 4 days in DMEM medium containing 10% FBS and 1% PS, and after changing the medium, adherent cells (mouse adipose tissue-derived MSCs) were recovered. .
- FIG. 20 shows microscopic observation images obtained by DAPI staining of MSC on each cell sheet.
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Abstract
Description
(2)さらに生体適合性の支持体を含む、(1)に記載の細胞シート。
(3)支持体がファイバーからなる3次元構造を有する細胞培養担体である、(2)に記載の細胞シート。
(4)細胞培養担体が、ナノメートル~マイクロメートル単位の平均繊維径を有するファイバーによって細胞との接触面上に形成された開口部を有する、(3)に記載の細胞シート。
(5)開口部の平均径が500nm~1000μmである、(4)に記載の細胞シート。
(6)支持体が、生分解性ポリマーからなるナノファイバーを含有してなる細胞培養担体である、(2)から(5)のいずれか一項に記載の細胞シート。
(7)腎臓病の治療に用いるための、平均細胞密度が1.0×103細胞/cm2~3.0×104細胞/cm2のMSCをその表面に有する、(1)から(6)のいずれか一項に記載の細胞シート。
(8)腎臓の線維被膜下に適用するための、(7)に記載の細胞シート。
(9)脳損傷又は神経変性疾患の治療に用いるための、平均密度が0.5×103細胞/cm2~1.5×104細胞/cm2のMSCをその表面に有する、(1)から(6)のいずれか一項に記載の細胞シート。
(10)脳の損傷部位、変性部位又はそれらの近傍に適用するための、(9)に記載の細胞シート。
(11)MSCが骨髄又は脂肪組織由来のMSCである、(1)から(10)のいずれか一項に記載の細胞シート。
(12)MSCが疾患を有する対象から分離されたMSCである、(1)から(11)のいずれか一項に記載の細胞シート。
(13)ファイバーからなる3次元構造を有する細胞培養担体上に、MSCを3.0×105細胞/cm2以下の細胞数で播種する工程、及び
MSCを培養して、平均細胞密度が3.0×104細胞/cm2以下の細胞シートを調製する工程
を含む、生体移植用細胞シートの製造方法。
(14)細胞培養担体が、ナノメートル~マイクロメートル単位の平均繊維径を有するファイバーによって細胞との接触面上に形成された開口部を有する、(13)に記載の製造方法。
(15)開口部の平均径が500nm~1000μmである、(14)に記載の製造方法。
(16)細胞培養担体が、生分解性ポリマーからなるナノファイバーを含有してなる細胞培養担体である、(13)から(15)のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
(17)MSCが骨髄又は脂肪組織由来のMSCである、(13)から(16)のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
(18)MSCが疾患を有する対象から分離されたMSCである、(13)から(17)のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
本発明の第1の態様は、平均細胞密度が3.0×104細胞/cm2以下のMSCをその表面に有する生体移植用細胞シート(以下、単に細胞シートと表す)に関する。
本発明の細胞シートは、ファイバーからなる3次元構造を有する細胞培養担体上にMSC、例えば疾患を有する対象から分離されたMSCを3.0×105細胞/cm2以下の細胞数で播種する工程、及びMSCを培養して、平均細胞密度が3.0×104細胞/cm2以下の細胞シートを調製する工程を含む方法によって製造することができる。この製造方法は、本発明の別の態様である。
調製される細胞シートの治療効果をより高めるために、本発明の製造方法において、哺乳動物の胎児付属物からの抽出物を有効成分とする賦活化剤を含む培地を用いてMSCの培養を行うことが好ましい。
1)賦活化剤の調製
特許文献1の記載にしたがって、ヒト胎盤組織から賦活化剤を調製した。簡潔には、細切したヒト胎盤組織を湿重量50gに対して、100mLの割合で無血清培地(alpha-MEM)に入れ、4℃で72時間、振とうした。遠心分離により上清を回収し、胎盤組織抽出物である賦活化剤を得た。
変形性股関節症患者の人工関節置換術時に採取した骨髄由来のMSC(OA-MSC)を、賦活化剤を含まないMSC培養培地(15%FBS、1%ペニシリン、1%ストレプトマイシン、4500mg/Lグルコース及びL-グルタミンを含有するDMEM)で培養を行った。細胞を回収して、それぞれファイバーからなる3次元構造を有する細胞培養担体であるPreset VECELL 6well(登録商標)(ベセル株式会社)に8×104細胞/well、Cellbed 24well(登録商標)(日本バイリーン株式会社)に2×104細胞/well、3D-insert PS-200 12well及び3D-insert PS-400 12well(3DBiotek社)に3.8×104細胞/wellを播種し、また比較例の培養担体である細胞培養基材A(平均繊維径0.1~0.5μm、空隙率70%以下、平均孔面積0.2μm2、24well)に2×104細胞/wellを播種し、賦活化剤を含まないMSC培養培地を用いて37℃で72時間培養した。基材Aは、その一部にファイバーからなる3次元構造を有するが、3次元構造を持たない平坦な膜状の部分が細胞接着面の約50%を占める基材である。培地を除去した後、タンパク質換算で10μg/mL、1μg/mL若しくは0.1μg/mLの上記賦活化剤を含む又は賦活化剤を含まないMSC培養培地を、それぞれPreset VECELL 6wellに2mL、Cellbed 24well及び基材Aに0.6mL、3D-insert PS-200 12well及び3D-insert PS-400 12wellに1mLを加えて37℃で4日間培養を行った。この培養を1~3回行った後、細胞を回収して、継代数1~3のOA-MSCを調製した。
賦活化剤を含まないMSC培養培地(15%FBS、1%ペニシリン、1%ストレプトマイシン、4500mg/Lグルコース及びL-グルタミンを含有するDMEM)でOA-MSCを培養した。細胞を回収し、2次元培養担体(Corning(登録商標)Costar(登録商標)細胞培養 6wellプレート、Thermo Fisher Science社)に2.5cm×2.5cmの細胞培養基材Bを入れ、8×104細胞のMSCを播種し、1μg/mLの賦活化剤を含むMSC培養培地2mLを加えて、37℃で72時間培養を行うことで、継代数1のOA-MSCのシートを調製した。この方法で調製されたMSCシートは、おおよそ8,500細胞/cm2のMSCを含む。なお細胞培養基材Bは、国際公開WO2016/068266号パンフレット及びLiu L,Kamei K et al. Biomaterials 124(2017) 47-54に記載の方法で製造される、ポリグリコール酸からなるベース部材上にポリグリコール酸からなるナノファイバーを含有する3次元培養担体である。
参考例1及び実施例1で調製したMSCを回収し、Tri Reagent(Molecular Research Center,Inc)を用いてtotal RNAを抽出した。逆転写反応によりclone DNAを合成し、OCT4、Nanog、SOX2、DNMT1、TERT、IL-6、IDO、TSG-6、p16ink4a、p21、p53、α-SMA及び18sRNAについて、表1に示した塩基配列からなるプライマーセットを用いてリアルタイムPCRを実施した。
表中の(F)はフォワードプライマーを、(R)はリバースプライマーを意味する。
実施例3 細胞シートの腎臓病治療効果(急性腎障害を併発した糖尿病性腎症)
糖尿病性腎症を発症している14月齢の雄性OLETFラット腎臓に、実施例1で調製した細胞シートを、実施例3と同様にして腎線維被膜下に移植した(n=2/群)。背部皮膚及び筋膜を切開したのみの偽手術を施したラットをSham群とした。MSCシート移植日、移植後4週及び11週時にラットから血液を採取し、酵素法(SRL)を用いて血清クレアチニンを、UV法(SRL)を用いて尿素窒素(BUN)を測定した。
賦活化剤を含まないMSC培養培地(10%FBS、1%ペニシリン、1%ストレプトマイシン、4500mg/Lグルコース及びL-グルタミンを含有するDMEM)で、OA-MSCを培養した。細胞を回収し、2次元培養担体(Thermo Scientific(商標) Nunc(商標) Lab-TekTM、8well、Thermo Fisher Science社)に、1×0.8cmのネオベールナノ(グンゼ株式会社)を入れ、4×103細胞のMSCを播種し、賦活化剤を含まない200μLのMSC培地を加えて、37℃で24時間培養を行うことで、継代数1のOA-MSCシートを調製した。この方法で調製されたMSCシートは、4781細胞/cm2(調製した各シートの平均細胞密度3923~5884細胞/cm2の平均値)のMSCを含む。
1)細胞シートの調製
実施例1の方法に準じて、表2に示す細胞数のMSCを2.5cm×2.5cmの基材Bに播種し、賦活化剤を含まないMSC培養培地で培養することで、異なる平均細胞密度のMSCを有する細胞シートを調製した。
実施例2と同様にして、細胞シートB、G及びHのMSCにおけるOCT4、Nanog、p16ink4a及びTERTの発現量をリアルタイムPCRによって測定した(図15)。平均細胞密度が低くなるほど全ての遺伝子の発現量が多く、平均細胞密度の低い細胞シート上の個々のMSCの治療効果は、平均細胞密度の高い細胞シート上の個々のMSCよりも高いと推定された。
麻酔下の5週齢の雄性SDラットに腹部正中切開を行った。まず右腎を同定し、右腎動脈を血管用クランプで遮断した。遮断後すぐに上記1)で調製した細胞シートA~Gのそれぞれを、実施例3と同様にして腎線維被膜下に移植した。60分間の遮断の後、血管用クランプを開き、遮断を解除した。左腎についても、上記同様に左腎動脈を遮断し、細胞シートを移植し、60分間遮断の後、遮断を解除した(n=1又は2/群)。また、細胞シートを移植せずに、ゲロータ筋膜、脂肪層及び線維被膜を腎表面から剥がして腎門部に引き寄せた群(Sham-腎被膜処理あり)と、引き寄せた後に元に戻した群(Sham-腎被膜処理なし)を用意した。
1)細胞シートの調製
実施例6の1)の方法に準じて、表3に示す細胞数のMSCを2.5cm×2.5cmの基材Bに播種し、賦活化剤を含まないMSC培養培地で培養することで、異なる平均細胞密度のMSCを有する細胞シートを調製した。
15月齢の雄性APP/PS1マウス(チャールズリバー)を、イソフルラン吸入麻酔下、bregma levelからlambda levelまで8mm×5mmの大きさの開窓部ができるように開頭した。8mm×5mmの大きさに切った細胞シートを開窓部からそれぞれ1枚脳表面に貼り付け、5分間静置した後、頭蓋骨を戻して縫合した。
1)細胞シートの調製
C57BL/6(雄、10週齢)の精巣上体周囲脂肪を採取し、細かく切り刻んだ後、0.4PZ units/mLのリベラーゼ(商標)を含むPBSを脂肪1gあたり1mL加え、37℃で2時間静置した。10%FBSを含むDMEM培地を5mL加えて懸濁後、300g×5分遠心分離して上清を除去した。脂肪1gから回収した細胞ペレットを15cm dish 1枚に播種し、10%FBS、1%PSを含むDMEM培地で4日間培養し、培地を交換後、接着細胞(マウス脂肪組織由来MSC)を回収した。
麻酔下の10-11週齢の雄性C57BL6マウスの右側後背部に切開をいれ、右腎臓を露出させた。右側腎動静脈を結紮し、右腎臓動脈静脈を切除し、右腎を摘出した。出血が無いことを確認し、腎臓を体内の元の位置に戻し、皮膚を閉創した。次に、左側後背部に切開をいれ、左腎臓を露出させ、左腎動静脈を非侵襲性血管用クリップで血流を遮断した。22分間遮断の間、ゲロータ筋膜、脂肪層及び線維皮膜を、副腎を損傷しないように慎重に切開して腎表面から剥がし、腎門部に引き寄せた。45480細胞/cm2の細胞シート(n=4)、27541細胞/cm2の細胞シート(n=4)又は3800細胞/cm2の細胞シート(n=3)を腎臓の全体を包むように貼付し、左腎の虚血開始22分後にクリップを外して血液を再灌流させた。コントロールとして、細胞シートを移植せずに右腎摘出後、左腎を22分間虚血し再灌流させた群(Sham群:n=3)、及び未処置の正常マウス(n=4)を用意した。
Claims (18)
- 平均細胞密度が3.0×104細胞/cm2以下の間葉系幹細胞をその表面に有する、生体移植用細胞シート。
- さらに生体適合性の支持体を含む、請求項1に記載の細胞シート。
- 支持体がファイバーからなる3次元構造を有する細胞培養担体である、請求項2に記載の細胞シート。
- 細胞培養担体が、ナノメートル~マイクロメートル単位の平均繊維径を有するファイバーによって細胞との接触面上に形成された開口部を有する、請求項3に記載の細胞シート。
- 開口部の平均径が500nm~1000μmである、請求項4に記載の細胞シート。
- 支持体が、生分解性ポリマーからなるナノファイバーを含有してなる細胞培養担体である、請求項2から5のいずれか一項に記載の細胞シート。
- 腎臓病の治療に用いるための、平均細胞密度が1.0×103細胞/cm2~3.0×104細胞/cm2の間葉系幹細胞をその表面に有する、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の細胞シート。
- 腎臓の線維被膜下に適用するための、請求項7に記載の細胞シート。
- 脳損傷又は神経変性疾患の治療に用いるための、平均密度が0.5×103細胞/cm2~1.5×104細胞/cm2の間葉系幹細胞をその表面に有する、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の細胞シート。
- 脳の損傷部位、変性部位又はそれらの近傍に適用するための、請求項9に記載の細胞シート。
- 間葉系幹細胞が骨髄又は脂肪組織由来の間葉系幹細胞である、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の細胞シート。
- 間葉系幹細胞が疾患を有する対象から分離された間葉系幹細胞である、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の細胞シート。
- ファイバーからなる3次元構造を有する細胞培養担体上に、間葉系幹細胞を3.0×105細胞/cm2以下の細胞数で播種する工程、及び
間葉系幹細胞を培養して、平均細胞密度が3.0×104細胞/cm2以下の細胞シートを調製する工程
を含む、生体移植用細胞シートの製造方法。 - 細胞培養担体が、ナノメートル~マイクロメートル単位の平均繊維径を有するファイバーによって細胞との接触面上に形成された開口部を有する、請求項13に記載の製造方法。
- 開口部の平均径が500nm~1000μmである、請求項14に記載の製造方法。
- 細胞培養担体が、生分解性ポリマーからなるナノファイバーを含有してなる細胞培養担体である、請求項13から15のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 間葉系幹細胞が骨髄又は脂肪組織由来の間葉系幹細胞である、請求項13から16のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 間葉系幹細胞が疾患を有する対象から分離された間葉系幹細胞である、請求項13から17のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
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| JPWO2022075294A1 (ja) * | 2020-10-07 | 2022-04-14 | ||
| WO2022176855A1 (ja) * | 2021-02-17 | 2022-08-25 | 学校法人福岡大学 | 細胞シート支持体、細胞シート積層体及びその製造方法 |
| EP4408445A4 (en) * | 2021-10-01 | 2025-09-24 | Univ Utah Res Found | Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell sheets and methods for their production |
| JP2024514740A (ja) * | 2022-05-31 | 2024-04-03 | 南通大学 | パーキンソン病の治療における骨髄間葉系幹細胞エクソソームの応用 |
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| KR20210005152A (ko) | 2021-01-13 |
| TWI821280B (zh) | 2023-11-11 |
| CN112004922A (zh) | 2020-11-27 |
| US20210369918A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
| JPWO2019208688A1 (ja) | 2021-04-30 |
| TW201945539A (zh) | 2019-12-01 |
| JP7353652B2 (ja) | 2023-10-02 |
| EP3786280A1 (en) | 2021-03-03 |
| EP3786280A4 (en) | 2022-02-16 |
| AU2019258570A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
| AU2019258570B2 (en) | 2024-07-18 |
| KR102723986B1 (ko) | 2024-10-31 |
| US12090251B2 (en) | 2024-09-17 |
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