WO2019208214A1 - 測定方法および測定装置 - Google Patents
測定方法および測定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019208214A1 WO2019208214A1 PCT/JP2019/015547 JP2019015547W WO2019208214A1 WO 2019208214 A1 WO2019208214 A1 WO 2019208214A1 JP 2019015547 W JP2019015547 W JP 2019015547W WO 2019208214 A1 WO2019208214 A1 WO 2019208214A1
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- displacement
- measurement mark
- substrate
- imaging unit
- measurement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/68—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for positioning, orientation or alignment
- H01L21/681—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for positioning, orientation or alignment using optical controlling means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/9501—Semiconductor wafers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/185—Joining of semiconductor bodies for junction formation
- H01L21/187—Joining of semiconductor bodies for junction formation by direct bonding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67092—Apparatus for mechanical treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67242—Apparatus for monitoring, sorting or marking
- H01L21/67259—Position monitoring, e.g. misposition detection or presence detection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67242—Apparatus for monitoring, sorting or marking
- H01L21/67294—Apparatus for monitoring, sorting or marking using identification means, e.g. labels on substrates or labels on containers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/687—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches
- H01L21/68714—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
- H01L21/6875—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by a plurality of individual support members, e.g. support posts or protrusions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30204—Marker
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a measurement method and a measurement apparatus.
- the present disclosure provides a technique capable of efficiently focusing on a measurement mark provided inside a polymerization substrate.
- the measurement method includes a step of measuring displacement, a step of arranging an imaging unit at a position where the measurement mark can be imaged, and a step of imaging the measurement mark.
- the step of measuring the displacement measures the displacement of the surface of the superposed substrate on the imaging unit side at the position where the measurement mark for measuring the misalignment provided inside the superposed substrate to which the two substrates are joined.
- the measurement mark is imaged by the imaging unit so as to be focused while moving the focal position back and forth with reference to a focal position set in advance based on the displacement.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a schematic configuration of a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a superposed wafer and measurement marks according to the embodiment.
- Drawing 3A is a figure (1) for explaining superposition wafer conveyance processing concerning an embodiment.
- Drawing 3B is a figure (2) for explaining superposition wafer conveyance processing concerning an embodiment.
- Drawing 3C is a figure (3) for explaining superposition wafer conveyance processing concerning an embodiment.
- Drawing 3D is a figure (4) for explaining superposition wafer conveyance processing concerning an embodiment.
- FIG. 3E is a diagram (5) for explaining the overlapped wafer conveyance process according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3F is a diagram (6) illustrating the overlapped wafer conveyance process according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram (1) for explaining the mounting angle adjustment processing of the overlapped wafer according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram (2) for explaining the mounting angle adjustment processing of the overlapped wafer according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining measurement mark position setting processing according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram (1) for explaining the focusing processing according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram (2) for explaining the focusing process according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6C is a diagram (3) for explaining the focusing processing according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6D is a diagram (4) for explaining the focusing processing according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram (1) for explaining the misalignment evaluation processing according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram (1) for explaining the misalignment evaluation processing according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7B is a diagram (2) for explaining the positional deviation evaluation processing according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7C is a diagram (3) for explaining the positional deviation evaluation processing according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram (1) for explaining the focusing process according to the modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 8B is a diagram (2) for explaining the focusing process according to the modified example of the embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure of processing executed by the measurement apparatus according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure of processing executed by the measurement apparatus according to the modification of the embodiment.
- the surfaces to which the substrates are bonded are modified, the surfaces of the modified substrates are hydrophilized, and the hydrophilic substrates are Van der Waals force and hydrogen bonding
- a technique of joining by (intermolecular force) is known.
- a positional deviation measurement mark (hereinafter also referred to as a measurement mark) inside the bonded substrates and imaging the measurement mark.
- a measurement mark a positional deviation measurement mark
- the measurement mark is imaged by a high-magnification imaging unit with a shallow depth of focus.
- the measurement mark is provided inside the superposed substrate, and the depth to the measurement mark (that is, the thickness of the upper substrate) varies depending on the superposed substrate.
- the depth to the measurement mark that is, the thickness of the upper substrate
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a schematic configuration of a measuring apparatus 1 according to the embodiment.
- the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis that are orthogonal to each other are defined, and the positive direction of the Z axis is the vertically upward direction.
- the measuring apparatus 1 includes a substrate holding unit 10, an imaging unit 20, a displacement meter 30, a light source 40, and a control device 50. Although not shown in FIG. 1, the measuring apparatus 1 further includes a lifter 60 (see FIG. 3A) and a supply arm 70 (see FIG. 3C). The details of the lifter 60 and the supply arm 70 will be described later.
- the substrate holding unit 10 includes a main body unit 11, a plurality of holding arms 12, a horizontal moving unit 13, and a mounting table 14.
- the main body 11 has an annular shape, and an opening 11a that is a circular hole is formed at the center. As shown in FIG. 1, the opening 11 a is larger than the overlapped wafer T held by the substrate holder 10.
- the plurality of holding arms 12 are provided so as to extend from the main body 11 to the inner peripheral side in the opening 11a. Further, since a vacuum chuck mechanism (not shown) is provided at the tip of the holding arm 12, the plurality of holding arms 12 have a peripheral portion of the overlapped wafer T (for example, a range of 12 mm inward from the end of the overlapped wafer T). ) Can be held.
- the plurality (six in the embodiment) of holding arms 12 are arranged substantially evenly in the circumferential direction of the opening 11a.
- the main body 11 having the opening 11 a and the plurality of holding arms 12 is provided on the horizontal moving unit 13 and is configured to be rotatable on the horizontal moving unit 13.
- the horizontal moving unit 13 is provided on the mounting table 14 and is configured to be movable in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction and Y-axis direction) on the mounting table 14.
- the substrate holding unit 10 can hold the overlapped wafer T in a hollow state by the plurality of holding arms 12 and can rotate and horizontally move the held overlapped wafer T.
- the substrate holding unit 10 can hold the overlapped wafer T in a hollow state by the plurality of holding arms 12 and can rotate and horizontally move the held overlapped wafer T.
- an image of a wide range including the central portion of the superposed wafer T can be captured while adopting a method of transmitting infrared light. Can do.
- the imaging unit 20 is arranged on one side (for example, the upper side) of the overlapped wafer T held by the substrate holding unit 10 and can image a measurement mark M (see FIG. 2) provided in the overlapped wafer T.
- the imaging unit 20 includes a macro camera with a low magnification (for example, about 10 times) and a deep focal depth, and a micro camera with a high magnification (for example, about 50 times) and a shallow depth of focus.
- the macro camera images the macro marks MM1 and MM2 (see FIG. 4A) provided for adjusting the mounting angle of the overlapped wafer T. Further, the micro camera images a measurement mark M provided for measuring the misalignment of the overlapped wafer T.
- the displacement meter 30 is disposed on the same side (for example, the upper side) as the imaging unit 20 with respect to the overlapped wafer T held by the substrate holding unit 10 and measures the displacement of the surface of the overlapped wafer T on the imaging unit 20 side. be able to.
- the displacement meter 30 is arranged adjacent to the imaging unit 20 (for example, separated by about 20 to 30 mm).
- the displacement meter 30 is, for example, a laser displacement meter.
- the light source 40 is arranged on the opposite side (for example, the lower side) of the overlapped wafer T held by the substrate holding unit 10 and transmits infrared light transmitted through the overlapped wafer T to the overlapped wafer T. Irradiate.
- the light source 40 is, for example, a halogen lamp.
- the wavelength of infrared light irradiated from the light source 40 is preferably about 1100 nm to 1600 nm in order to obtain high transmittance with the superposed wafer T.
- the control device 50 is, for example, a computer, and includes a control unit 51 and a storage unit 52.
- the storage unit 52 stores a program for controlling various processes executed in the measurement apparatus 1.
- the control unit 51 controls the operation of the measuring apparatus 1 by reading and executing the program stored in the storage unit 52.
- Such a program may be recorded on a computer-readable storage medium and installed in the storage unit 52 of the control device 50 from the storage medium.
- Examples of the computer-readable storage medium include a hard disk (HD), a flexible disk (FD), a compact disk (CD), a magnetic optical disk (MO), and a memory card.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the overlapped wafer T and the measurement mark M according to the embodiment.
- the overlapped wafer T is formed by bonding the first substrate W1 and the second substrate W2 through a bonding layer.
- the first substrate W1 is a substrate in which a plurality of electronic circuits are formed on a semiconductor substrate such as a silicon wafer.
- the second substrate W2 is, for example, a bare wafer on which no electronic circuit is formed.
- the first substrate W1 and the second substrate W2 have substantially the same diameter.
- An electronic circuit may be formed on the second substrate W2.
- the first substrate W1 is described as “upper wafer W1,” and the second substrate W2 is described as “lower wafer W2.” That is, the upper wafer W1 is an example of a first substrate, and the lower wafer W2 is an example of a second substrate.
- a predetermined multilayer film composed of a TEOS film, a SiCN film, or the like is formed on the bonding surface (ie, the lower surface) of the upper wafer W1 and the bonding surface (ie, the upper surface) of the lower wafer W2.
- the TEOS film is formed by a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method) using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as a Si precursor.
- An upper mark Ma made of Cu or the like is formed in the multilayer film formed on the bonding surface of the upper wafer W1, and Cu or the like is formed in the multilayer film formed on the bonding surface of the lower wafer W2.
- the lower mark Mb to be configured is formed.
- each of the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb has a substantially box shape in plan view.
- the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb are substantially similar to each other, and the upper mark Ma is larger than the lower mark Mb.
- the shapes of the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb are not limited to the example shown in FIG.
- infrared light is irradiated from the light source 40 disposed on one side (for example, the lower side) of the superposed wafer T, and the infrared light is used to be disposed on the other side (for example, the upper side) of the superposed wafer T.
- the imaging unit 20 captures the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb. Thereby, the imaging part 20 can image the measurement mark M in a state where the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb overlap.
- the measuring apparatus 1 can evaluate the positional deviation amount between the upper wafer W1 and the lower wafer W2 by obtaining the positional deviation amount between the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb in the imaged measurement mark M.
- FIGS. 3A to 3F are views (1) to (6) for explaining the overlapped wafer transfer process according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3A shows a state when the measurement of the positional deviation amount is completed on the overlapped wafer T held on the substrate holding unit 10.
- a lifter 60 is provided below the superposed wafer T held by the substrate holding unit 10.
- the lifter 60 is configured to be movable in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. Further, since the upper end portion of the lifter 60 is provided with a vacuum chuck mechanism (not shown), the lifter 60 is configured to be able to hold the overlapped wafer T from below.
- control unit 51 moves the lifter 60 upward to transport the superposed wafer T whose measurement has been completed above the substrate holding unit 10. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3C, the control unit 51 moves the lifter 60 in the horizontal direction to bring the superposed wafer T that has been measured closer to the supply arm 70.
- the supply arm 70 is provided adjacent to the main body 11 of the substrate holding unit 10 and is configured to be able to carry in and out the overlapped wafer T conveyed by the lifter 60.
- control unit 51 operates the supply arm 70 to carry out the overlapped wafer T that has been measured from the lifter 60, and subsequently transfer the measured overlapped wafer T to the lifter 60. Place.
- control unit 51 moves the lifter 60 in the horizontal direction to move the overlapped wafer T to be subsequently measured above the central portion of the main body 11 of the substrate holding unit 10.
- control unit 51 moves the lifter 60 downward to place the superposed wafer T to be measured on the holding arm 12 of the substrate holding unit 10. Finally, the control unit 51 operates the vacuum chuck mechanism of the holding arm 12 to hold the overlapped wafer T to be subsequently measured, and the transfer processing of the overlapped wafer T is completed.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B are views (1) and (2) for explaining the mounting angle adjustment processing of the overlapped wafer T according to the embodiment.
- a macro mark MM1 provided in a center shot in the central portion of the overlapped wafer T and a macro mark MM2 provided in a shot adjacent to the center shot are detected by the macro camera of the imaging unit 20. Imaged.
- the macro camera of the imaging unit 20 has a deep focal depth, the macro marks MM1 and MM2 provided inside the overlapped wafer T can be focused without any particular problem.
- control part 51 calculates
- control part 51 rotates the superposition
- the mounting angle of the overlapped wafer T held on the substrate holding unit 10 can be corrected to zero degrees.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining measurement mark position setting processing according to the embodiment.
- the control unit 51 is based on the position of the center shot macro mark MM1 imaged by the macro camera of the imaging unit 20.
- the position of the measurement mark M1 provided on the center shot is obtained.
- the control unit 51 reads the positional relationship information, thereby measuring the measurement mark M1. Can be determined.
- the control unit 51 obtains the position of another measurement mark M2 provided in another shot based on the position of the measurement mark M1 in the center shot. Specifically, based on the positional relationship between the center shot and such another shot (for example, another shot is arranged on the right for six shots), the control unit 51 distinguishes from the positional relationship and the size of one shot. The position of the measurement mark M2 can be obtained.
- the control unit 51 sets the positions of the different measurement marks M2 provided in a plurality of shots designated in advance within the overlapped wafer T (for example, designated at four positions on the front, rear, right and left with reference to the center shot). Can be sought.
- the measurement mark M1 and another measurement mark M2 may be collectively referred to as the measurement mark M.
- FIGS. 6A to 6D are views (1) to (4) for explaining the focusing process according to the embodiment.
- the control unit 51 controls the substrate holding unit 10 and arranges the displacement meter 30 immediately above the position where the measurement mark M1 provided on the center shot is arranged. Specifically, by moving the overlapped wafer T held on the substrate holding part 10 horizontally, the displacement meter 30 is arranged immediately above the place where the measurement mark M1 is arranged.
- the center shot measurement mark M1 is first imaged, and then another measurement mark M2 in another shot is imaged, but the order in which the measurement mark M is imaged is an example. Not limited to.
- the measurement mark M to be measured first may be regarded as the measurement mark M1
- the measurement mark M to be subsequently measured may be regarded as another measurement mark M2.
- the displacement meter 30 may be disposed directly above the location where the measurement mark M1 is disposed by horizontally moving the displacement meter 30 instead of the overlapped wafer T.
- the control part 51 measures the displacement A1 of the superposition
- the displacement A1 is a displacement of the surface on the imaging unit 20 side of the overlapped wafer T, for example, a displacement of the surface on the upper wafer W1 side.
- control unit 51 controls the substrate holding unit 10 to directly above the position where the measurement mark M1 is arranged (that is, the position where the measurement mark M1 can be imaged). Place.
- the imaging unit 20 is arranged immediately above the place where the measurement mark M1 is arranged by horizontally moving the overlapped wafer T held on the substrate holding unit 10. Note that the imaging unit 20 may be arranged directly above the place where the measurement mark M1 is arranged by horizontally moving the imaging unit 20 instead of the overlapped wafer T.
- the control unit 51 operates the micro camera of the imaging unit 20 so that the focus is adjusted while moving the focus position back and forth with reference to the focus position set in advance based on the previously obtained displacement A1.
- the measurement mark M1 is imaged.
- the imaging unit 20 is stored in the storage unit 52 as the thickness of the upper wafer W1 from the displacement A1, and is measured while moving the focal position back and forth within a range of ⁇ 20 ⁇ m around a preset depth (for example, +775 ⁇ m).
- the mark M1 is imaged.
- the displacement meter 30 when measuring the displacement A1 of the surface, the displacement meter 30 is arranged immediately above the place where the measurement mark M1 is arranged, and when the measurement mark M1 is imaged, the measurement mark M1 is arranged.
- the imaging unit 20 is disposed immediately above the location.
- the overlapped wafer T is held in a hollow state in the substrate holding unit 10 and is thus held in a state of being bent so as to be recessed upward. That is, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, since the surface of the overlapped wafer T is not necessarily flat, when both the displacement measurement and the imaging of the surface are performed without moving the overlapped wafer T, the reference of the focal position This is because the surface displacement may not be an accurate value.
- the focus is efficiently focused on the measurement mark M1 provided inside the overlapped wafer T by measuring the displacement A1 and imaging the measurement mark M1 while individually moving the overlapped wafer T. be able to.
- the control unit 51 sets the depth of focus in the imaging unit 20 when the focus is achieved. Based on this, the thickness D of the upper wafer W1 is evaluated. For example, the control unit 51 can evaluate the thickness D of the upper wafer W1 from the difference between the surface displacement A1 and the depth of focus based on the displacement A1.
- the control unit 51 controls the substrate holding unit 10 and arranges the displacement meter 30 immediately above a place where another measurement mark M ⁇ b> 2 provided in another shot is arranged.
- another measurement mark M2 is obtained by horizontally moving the overlapped wafer T held on the substrate holder 10 with respect to the position of another measurement mark M2 set in the above-described measurement mark position setting process.
- Displacement meter 30 is arranged immediately above the place where the is placed.
- control part 51 measures another displacement A2 of the superposition
- the control unit 51 controls the substrate holding unit 10 to directly above a place where another measurement mark M2 is arranged (that is, a position where another measurement mark M2 can be imaged).
- the imaging unit 20 is disposed in the area. Specifically, by moving the overlapped wafer T held on the substrate holding unit 10 horizontally, the imaging unit 20 is arranged immediately above the place where another measurement mark M2 is arranged.
- control unit 51 operates the micro camera of the imaging unit 20, based on a position deeper by the thickness D of the upper wafer W ⁇ b> 1 previously evaluated from another displacement A ⁇ b> 2 obtained by the displacement meter 30.
- Another measurement mark M2 is imaged so that the focus is adjusted while moving the focal position back and forth.
- a more accurate focal position is set based on the thickness D of the upper wafer W1 evaluated when imaging the first measurement mark M1. can do. This is because the thickness D of the upper wafer W1 is different between the different overlapped wafers T, whereas the thickness D is almost equal in the same overlapped wafer T.
- the width for moving the depth of focus back and forth can be made smaller than when imaging the first measurement mark M1 (for example, ⁇ 6 ⁇ m). ). Therefore, according to the embodiment, it is possible to focus more efficiently on the second and subsequent measurement marks M2.
- FIGS. 7A to 7C are views (1) to (3) for explaining the positional deviation evaluation processing according to the embodiment.
- the measurement mark M focused by the above-described focusing process may be displaced from the center C in the angle of view of the micro camera in the imaging unit 20.
- control unit 51 controls the substrate holding unit 10 to move the overlapped wafer T so that the center of the measurement mark M and the center C of the angle of view in the micro camera coincide.
- the measurement mark M can be imaged in a state where the center of the measurement mark M and the center C of the angle of view coincide.
- the control unit 51 obtains the position of the center of gravity Ca of the upper mark Ma and the position of the center of gravity Cb of the lower mark Mb in the imaged measurement mark M, respectively. Then, based on the obtained position of the center of gravity Ca and the position of the center of gravity Cb, the amount of positional deviation between the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb in the measurement mark M is evaluated.
- control unit 51 evaluates the positional deviation amount between the upper wafer W1 and the lower wafer W2 based on the positional deviation amount between the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb that are evaluated at the plurality of measurement marks M at different locations. can do.
- the measuring apparatus 1 includes a substrate holding unit 10, an imaging unit 20, a displacement meter 30, and a light source 40.
- the substrate holding part 10 extends from the main body part 11 to the inner peripheral side through the main body part 11 in which an opening part 11a larger than the superposed substrate (polymerized wafer T) to which two substrates are joined is formed. And a plurality of holding arms 12 for holding the peripheral edge of the superposed substrate.
- the imaging unit 20 images a measurement mark M1 for measuring misalignment provided inside the superposed substrate (superposed wafer T) held by the substrate holding unit 10.
- the displacement meter 30 is provided on the same side as the imaging unit 20 with respect to the overlapped substrate (overlapped wafer T) held by the substrate holding unit 10, and the displacement A1 of the surface of the overlapped substrate at the place where the measurement mark M1 is arranged taking measurement.
- the light source 40 is provided on the opposite side of the imaging unit 20 with respect to the superposed substrate (superposed wafer T) held by the substrate holding unit 10 and irradiates the superposed substrate with infrared light. Thereby, the measuring apparatus 1 which can focus on the measurement mark M1 provided in the superposition
- FIGS. 8A and 8B are views (1) and (2) for explaining the focusing process according to the modification of the embodiment.
- the displacement A1 of the surface at the location where the measurement mark M1 is provided is evaluated by two displacement meters 31 and 32.
- the two displacement meters 31 and 32 are arranged so that the imaging unit 20 is at the center.
- control part 51 controls the board
- the control unit 51 evaluates the displacement A1 of the surface immediately below the imaging unit 20 based on the two measured displacements A1a and A1b. For example, when the two displacement meters 31 and 32 are arranged so that the imaging unit 20 is centered, the distance La that is the difference between the displacement A1a and the displacement A1 and the distance that is the difference between the displacement A1b and the displacement A1. A value at which Lb becomes equal can be evaluated as the displacement A1.
- control unit 51 operates the micro camera of the imaging unit 20 to move the focal position back and forth based on the focal position set in advance based on the obtained displacement A1.
- the measurement mark M1 is imaged so that it is in focus.
- the displacement A1 can be measured and the measurement mark M1 can be imaged without moving the overlapped wafer T individually. And can be performed respectively.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure of processing executed by the measurement apparatus 1 according to the embodiment.
- control unit 51 operates the lifter 60 and the supply arm 70 to carry the superposed wafer T into the substrate holding unit 10 and hold the superposed wafer T with the holding arm 12 of the substrate holding unit 10 (step S101).
- control unit 51 operates the imaging unit 20 and the substrate holding unit 10 to adjust the mounting angle of the superposed wafer T to be held (step S102).
- control unit 51 sets the positions of the measurement mark M1 and another measurement mark M2 by the above-described measurement mark position setting process (step S103). And the control part 51 operates the board
- control unit 51 operates the displacement meter 30 to measure the displacement A1 on the surface of the overlapped wafer T at the place where the measurement mark M1 is disposed (step S105). And the control part 51 operates the board
- control unit 51 operates the micro camera of the imaging unit 20 and images the measurement mark M1 so that the focus is adjusted while moving the focal position back and forth with reference to the focal position set in advance based on the displacement A1. (Step S107). Then, the control unit 51 evaluates the positional deviation amount between the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb in the measured measurement mark M1 (step S108).
- control unit 51 evaluates the thickness D of the upper wafer W1 based on the depth of focus in the imaging unit 20 when such focus is achieved (step S109). And the control part 51 operates the board
- control unit 51 operates the displacement meter 30 to measure another displacement A2 on the surface of the overlapped wafer T at a place where another measurement mark M2 is disposed (step S111). And the control part 51 operates the board
- control unit 51 operates the micro camera of the imaging unit 20 to change the focal point while moving the focal point back and forth with reference to a position that is deeper by the thickness D of the upper wafer W1 from another displacement A2.
- the measurement mark M2 is imaged (step S113).
- the control unit 51 evaluates the positional deviation amount between the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb in another imaged measurement mark M2 (step S114).
- control unit 51 determines whether or not all the measurement marks M necessary for evaluating the positional deviation amount among the measurement marks M provided on the overlapped wafer T have been imaged (step S115).
- control unit 51 determines that the upper wafer W1 and the lower wafer are based on the positional deviation amount between the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb in all the measurement marks M. The amount of positional deviation from the wafer W2 is evaluated (step S116). Then, the control unit 51 completes the process.
- step S115, No when all the measurement marks M are not imaged (step S115, No), the process returns to the above-described step S110.
- the measurement method includes a step of measuring the displacement A1 (step S105), a step of arranging the imaging unit 20 at a position where the measurement mark M1 can be imaged (step S106), and a step of imaging the measurement mark M1 (step S106).
- step S107 The step of measuring the displacement A1 is a superposition substrate on the imaging unit 20 side at the position where the measurement mark M1 for misalignment measurement provided in the superposition substrate (superposition wafer T) to which the two substrates are joined is arranged ( The displacement A1 of the surface of the superposed wafer T) is measured.
- the imaging unit 20 images the measurement mark M1 so that the focus is adjusted while moving the focus position back and forth based on the focus position set in advance based on the displacement A1. Thereby, it is possible to efficiently focus on the measurement mark M1 provided inside the overlapped wafer T.
- the step of measuring the displacement A1 measures the displacement A1 of the surface at the place where the mark (measurement mark M1) is arranged with one displacement meter 30. Further, the step of arranging the imaging unit 20 at a position where the measurement mark M1 can be imaged (step S106) is performed by moving the superposed substrate (superposed wafer T) or the imaging unit 20. Thereby, the displacement A1 which becomes the reference of the focal position can be obtained more accurately.
- the step of evaluating the thickness D, the step of measuring another displacement A2, and the step of disposing the imaging unit 20 at a position where another measurement mark M2 can be imaged step S112). And a step of imaging another measurement mark M2.
- the step of evaluating the thickness D step S109
- the thickness D of W1 is evaluated.
- another displacement A2 on the surface is measured at a position where another measurement mark M2 for measuring displacement provided inside the superposed substrate (overlapped wafer T) is arranged. To do.
- step S113 In the step of imaging another measurement mark M2 (step S113), focusing is performed while moving the focal position back and forth with reference to a position deeper by the thickness D of the substrate (upper wafer W1) on the imaging unit 20 side from another displacement A2. In this manner, the imaging unit 20 images another measurement mark M2. Thereby, it is possible to focus more efficiently on the second and subsequent measurement marks M2.
- the step of imaging another measurement mark M2 has a smaller width for moving the focal position back and forth than the step of imaging the measurement mark M1 (step S107). Thereby, it is possible to focus on the second and subsequent measurement marks M2 in a shorter time.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of processing executed by the measuring apparatus 1 according to the modification of the embodiment.
- control unit 51 operates the lifter 60 and the supply arm 70 to carry the superposed wafer T into the substrate holding unit 10 and hold the superposed wafer T with the holding arm 12 of the substrate holding unit 10 (step S201).
- control unit 51 operates the imaging unit 20 and the substrate holding unit 10 to adjust the mounting angle of the held superposed wafer T (step S202).
- control unit 51 sets the positions of the measurement mark M1 and another measurement mark M2 by the above-described measurement mark position setting process (step S203). And the control part 51 operates the board
- control unit 51 measures the displacements A1a and A1b on the surface of the overlapped wafer T around the place where the measurement mark M1 is arranged with the two displacement meters 31 and 32 (step S205). And the control part 51 evaluates the displacement A1 of the surface in the location where the measurement mark M1 is arrange
- control unit 51 operates the micro camera of the imaging unit 20 and images the measurement mark M1 so that the focus is adjusted while moving the focal position back and forth with reference to the focal position set in advance based on the displacement A1. (Step S207). Then, the control unit 51 evaluates the amount of positional deviation between the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb in the measured measurement mark M1 (step S208).
- control unit 51 evaluates the thickness D of the upper wafer W1 based on the depth of focus in the imaging unit 20 when the focus is achieved (step S209). And the control part 51 operates the board
- control unit 51 uses the two displacement meters 31 and 32 to measure the displacement of the surface of the overlapped wafer T around the place where another measurement mark M2 is arranged (step S211). And the control part 51 evaluates another displacement A2 of the surface in the location where another measurement mark M2 is arrange
- control unit 51 operates the micro camera of the imaging unit 20 to change the focal point while moving the focal point back and forth with reference to a position that is deeper by the thickness D of the upper wafer W1 from another displacement A2.
- the measurement mark M2 is imaged (step S213).
- the control unit 51 evaluates the positional deviation amount between the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb in another measured measurement mark M2 (step S214).
- control unit 51 determines whether or not all the measurement marks M necessary for the evaluation of the positional deviation amount among the measurement marks M provided on the overlapped wafer T have been imaged (step S215).
- control unit 51 determines the upper wafer W1 and the lower wafer based on the positional deviation amount between the upper mark Ma and the lower mark Mb in all the measurement marks M. The amount of positional deviation with respect to the wafer W2 is evaluated (step S216). Then, the control unit 51 completes the process.
- step S215, No when all the measurement marks M have not been imaged (step S215, No), the process returns to the above-described step S210.
- the steps of measuring the displacement A1 are the displacements A1a and A1b of the surface around the place where the measurement mark M1 is arranged by the two displacement meters 31 and 32. Measure each. Then, based on the two measured displacements A1a and A1b, the surface displacement A1 at the place where the measurement mark M1 is arranged is evaluated. Thereby, the measurement of the displacement A1 and the imaging of the measurement mark M1 can be performed without moving the overlapped wafer T individually.
- the two displacement meters 31 and 32 are arranged so that the imaging unit 20 is at the center. Thereby, displacement A1 can be evaluated simply.
- this indication is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and various changes are possible unless it deviates from the meaning.
- the case where the measurement mark M is imaged with respect to the overlapped wafer T held in the hollow state has been described, but the state in which the overlapped wafer T is held is not limited to the hollow state.
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Abstract
Description
最初に、図1を参照しながら、実施形態に係る測定装置1の概略構成について説明する。図1は、実施形態に係る測定装置1の概略構成を示す斜視図である。以下では、位置関係を明確にするために、互いに直交するX軸、Y軸およびZ軸を規定し、Z軸正方向を鉛直上向き方向とする。
つづいて、実施形態に係る重合ウェハTの構成について、図2を参照しながら説明する。図2は、実施形態に係る重合ウェハTおよび測定マークMの構成を示す模式図である。
つづいて、測定装置1における重合ウェハTの搬送処理の詳細について、図3A~図3Fを参照しながら説明する。図3A~図3Fは、実施形態に係る重合ウェハ搬送処理を説明するための図(1)~(6)である。また、図3Aは、基板保持部10に保持される重合ウェハTにおいて、位置ずれ量の測定が完了した際の様子を示している。
つづいて、測定装置1における重合ウェハTの搭載角度調整処理の詳細について、図4Aおよび図4Bを参照しながら説明する。図4Aおよび図4Bは、実施形態に係る重合ウェハTの搭載角度調整処理を説明するための図(1)、(2)である。
つづいて、測定装置1において重合ウェハT内に設けられる複数の測定マークMの位置を設定する処理の詳細について、図5を参照しながら説明する。図5は、実施形態に係る測定マーク位置設定処理を説明するための図である。
つづいて、測定装置1において測定マークMに焦点を合わせる処理の詳細について、図6A~図6Dを参照しながら説明する。図6A~図6Dは、実施形態に係る焦点合わせ処理を説明するための図(1)~(4)である。
つづいて、撮像された測定マークMに基づいて、上ウェハW1と下ウェハW2との位置ずれ量を評価する処理の詳細について、図7A~図7Cを参照しながら説明する。図7A~図7Cは、実施形態に係る位置ずれ評価処理を説明するための図(1)~(3)である。
つづいて、実施形態の変形例にかかる焦点合わせ処理の詳細について、図8Aおよび図8Bを参照しながら説明する。図8Aおよび図8Bは、実施形態の変形例に係る焦点合わせ処理を説明するための図(1)、(2)である。
つづいて、図9および図10を参照しながら、実施形態および変形例に係る測定処理の詳細について説明する。図9は、実施形態に係る測定装置1が実行する処理の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。
10 基板保持部
11 本体部
11a 開口部
12 保持アーム
20 撮像部
30~32 変位計
40 光源
50 制御装置
51 制御部
52 記憶部
60 リフター
70 供給アーム
T 重合ウェハ(重合基板の一例)
W1 上ウェハ
W2 下ウェハ
M、M1 測定マーク
M2 別の測定マーク
A1 変位
A2 別の変位
D 厚み
Claims (7)
- 2枚の基板が接合された重合基板の内部に設けられる位置ずれ測定用の測定マークが配置された箇所における撮像部側の前記重合基板の表面の変位を測定する工程と、
前記測定マークを撮像可能な位置に前記撮像部を配置する工程と、
前記変位に基づいてあらかじめ設定された焦点位置を基準に、焦点位置を前後させながら焦点が合うように前記撮像部で前記測定マークを撮像する工程と、
を含む測定方法。 - 前記変位を測定する工程は、1つの変位計で前記測定マークが配置された箇所における前記表面の変位を測定し、
前記測定マークを撮像可能な位置に前記撮像部を配置する工程は、前記重合基板または前記撮像部を移動させて行う請求項1に記載の測定方法。 - 前記変位を測定する工程は、2つの変位計で前記測定マークが配置された箇所の周辺の前記表面の変位をそれぞれ測定し、測定された2つの変位に基づいて前記測定マークが配置された箇所における前記表面の変位を評価する請求項1に記載の測定方法。
- 前記2つの変位計は、前記撮像部が中心となるように配置される請求項3に記載の測定方法。
- 前記変位と前記測定マークに対して焦点が合った焦点位置とに基づいて、前記重合基板のうち前記撮像部側の前記基板の厚みを評価する工程と、
前記重合基板の内部に設けられる位置ずれ測定用の別の測定マークが配置された箇所における前記表面の別の変位を測定する工程と、
前記別の測定マークを撮像可能な位置に前記撮像部を配置する工程と、
前記別の変位から前記撮像部側の前記基板の厚み分深い位置を基準に、焦点位置を前後させながら焦点が合うように前記撮像部で前記別の測定マークを撮像する工程と、
をさらに含む請求項1~4のいずれか一つに記載の測定方法。 - 前記別の測定マークを撮像する工程は、前記測定マークを撮像する工程より焦点位置を前後させる幅が小さい請求項5に記載の測定方法。
- 2枚の基板が接合された重合基板より大きい開口部が形成される本体部と、前記本体部から前記開口部内を内周側に延伸し、前記重合基板の周縁部を保持する複数の保持アームとを有する基板保持部と、
前記基板保持部に保持される前記重合基板の内部に設けられる位置ずれ測定用の測定マークを撮像する撮像部と、
前記基板保持部に保持される前記重合基板に対して前記撮像部と同じ側に設けられ、前記測定マークが配置された箇所における前記重合基板の表面の変位を測定する変位計と、
前記基板保持部に保持される前記重合基板に対して前記撮像部とは反対側に設けられ、前記重合基板に赤外光を照射する光源と、
を備える測定装置。
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| CN201980026272.XA CN111989763B (zh) | 2018-04-23 | 2019-04-10 | 测定方法和测定装置 |
| US17/049,645 US11791182B2 (en) | 2018-04-23 | 2019-04-10 | Measuring method and measuring device |
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| JP5705180B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-23 | 2015-04-22 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 検査装置、接合システム、検査方法、プログラム及びコンピュータ記憶媒体 |
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