WO2019139161A1 - Insect repellant net for agriculture - Google Patents

Abstract

This insect repellant net for agriculture, having etofenprox incorporated therein, effectively eliminates micro pests and has excellent ventilation. In addition, the following embodiments are preferable in this insect repellant net for agriculture. (1) Is for use against thrips or whitefly. (2) Has a mesh size of 0.4–0.8 mm. (3) Is a fabric comprising a monofilament having etofenprox incorporated therein.

Description

Agricultural insect repellent net

The present invention relates to an agricultural insect repellent net for small pests such as thrips and whitefly.

In the field of agriculture, pests are classified into several types such as feeding damage and sucking property according to the mode of damage. Sucking pests suck the crop juice by inserting a straw-like suction tube on the surface of the crop, pressing the mouth and drilling holes in a needle-like organ. Therefore, workers in the case of sucking insect pests are not likely to notice the parasitism in a stage where only a few are present, and the number increases to some extent due to breeding etc., and they notice the parasitism after appearance change such as poor growth or coloring abnormality occurs There are many things. When workers notice the infestation of sucking pests, it is difficult to control them, and most of them have advanced to such an extent that crop damage can not be recovered.

Among the sucking pests, particularly the thrips and whiteflies are small, 10 mm or less in length and 3 mm or less in most, so the above problem is remarkable. In addition, thrips and whiteflies may mediate viral disease. Also, some species have drug resistance. Therefore, thorough control of the thrips and whiteflies is strongly desired.

Although spraying of pesticides is widely used as a means to control thrips and whitefly, in recent years, it has been required to reduce the spraying amount of pesticides in consideration of food safety and environmental considerations. Therefore, there are many opportunities to use agricultural insect repellent nets in combination with or in place of pesticides. For thrips and whiteflies, fine-meshed agricultural insect repellent nets are used.

The use of a finely meshed agricultural insect repellent net to control thrips and whiteflies prevents air permeability as compared to a gross agricultural repellent net. In summer cultivation, it is important to secure ventilation and to provide good ventilation with the external environment. If the air permeability is poor, the inside of the coating becomes high temperature to cause growth inhibition of the crop, and the burden on workers is also large, which may result in heat stroke.

In order to solve the problem of air permeability, Patent Document 1 proposes an insect-repellent net that is red and has a relatively large mesh (grain size of 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm or more). Since the insect repellent net of Patent Document 1 utilizes the knowledge that red color is not recognized by insects, it is said that even small nets can physically control small pests such as thrips and whitefly. However, in the actual site, thrips and whiteflies often reach the crop by so-called passive flight, which is swept by the wind, and in this case they approach the crop regardless of visibility. Therefore, the insect repellent net of Patent Document 1 can not fully exhibit its effect, and development of a practical agricultural moth insect repellent net which can fully exhibit the effect even at the actual site has been required.

JP, 2012-95617, A

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an agricultural insect repellent net for micro-pest, which effectively controls micro-pest such as the thrips and whitefly.

According to the present invention, there is provided an agricultural insect repellent net characterized in that etofenprox is kneaded.

Further, in the agricultural insect repellent net of the present invention, the following embodiments are preferable.
(1) For thrips or whiteflies.
(2) The mesh size is 0.4 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less.
(3) It is a woven fabric made of monofilament into which etofenprox has been kneaded.

Further, according to the present invention, there is also provided an agricultural insect repellent net used for cultivation or floriculture of a Solanaceous or Cucurbitaceae crop, for which control of thrips and whitefly is particularly strongly desired. Specifically, it is characterized in that it is kneaded with an ethofenprox, has a weight of 0.4 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less, and is used for cultivation or floriculture of a solanaceous or cucurbitaceous crop. An agricultural insect repellent net is provided.

Etofenprox is incorporated into the agricultural insect repellent net of the present invention. Etofenprox is a type of insect repellent that exerts a chemical repellent effect when insects come in contact with it. The present inventors observe the behavior pattern when the thrips and whiteflies start new parasitism, and as a result, in the agricultural insect repellent net into which etofenprox has been incorporated, the mesh size is 4.0 mm, particularly 0. We reached the finding that an excellent chemical repelling effect can be exhibited if it is up to 8 mm.

To elaborate, the thrips and whiteflies almost always fly from distant parasites and infest new crops. At that time, thrips and whiteflies may fly on their own, but they may also fly in a wind so that their flying ability is not so high. Anyway, when an agricultural insect repellent net is stretched, the thrips and whiteflies land on the net, pass through the net using legs, and reach new crops.

In the case of using the above-mentioned ethofenprox-containing agricultural insect repellent net, the thrips and whiteflies require time to go through. As a result, the chemical repellent effect of etofenprox is sufficiently exerted, and the thrips and whiteflies will leave the agricultural repellent net without completing the go-through. On the other hand, if the mesh size is too large, the time required for gouging will be short, and the gouging will be completed before the chemical repellent effect is exhibited.
In the present invention, in particular, the effect changes greatly at a boundary of 0.8 mm. Although the reason is not clear, the present inventors think as follows. That is, as a result of comprehensively affecting the size and shape of the body, and how the legs grow, etc., the thrips and whiteflies will have their legs covered with multiple filaments after flying in an agricultural insect repellent net with a mesh size of 0.8 mm or less. Stay in a crawling position and use the legs to change the position and crawl through the net. Therefore, it takes a long time to complete the passage. On the other hand, agricultural insect repellent nets with a target size of more than 0.8 mm often cling to one filament so that they land through the net smoothly in a short time without much change in posture. .

A smaller mesh requires more time to run through, but if it is too small the air permeability will be impaired. When the weight is set to 0.2 mm or more, particularly 0.4 mm or more, sufficient breathability for the crop can be secured.

Thus, in the present invention, by setting the weight of the etofenprox-containing agricultural insect repellent net to a specific numerical range, it exhibits excellent controllability against the thrips and whitefly while ensuring air permeability. Have succeeded.

In addition, in the agricultural insect repellent net of the present invention, since the ethofenprox is contained not by coating but by kneading, there is an extremely low possibility that the ethofenprox may adhere to the crop or migrate into the soil and remain. . Therefore, the agricultural insect repellent net of the present invention can be used with confidence in terms of food safety and environmental considerations.

The present invention is an agricultural insect repellent net for thrips or whiteflies capable of effectively controlling thrips and whiteflies.

As used herein, "Thrips" is a generic term for insects of the class Insecta thrips Thysanoptera. The thrips are tiny insects with an adult length of 0.5 to 10 mm, often around 2 mm, and have an elongated shape as a whole. In addition, there are over 3,500 species in the world, and over 100 species in Japan. Specifically, there can be mentioned Citrus occidentalis, C. occidentalis, C. japonicus, C. japonicus, C. throbium, C. croton thistles, C. thunans C. thulans, C. throbium C. thulans etc.

As used herein, "whitefly" is a generic term for insects of the class Hemiptera: Aphirodidae, Aleyrodidae. Whitefly is 3 mm or less in length on adults. There are about 70 species in Japan, including alien species, and there are about 1,100 species in the world. As the whitefly, there can be mentioned, for example, a whitefly, tobacco whitefly, a silver leaf whitefly, a orange leaf lice, a green leaf lice, a white leaf lice and the like.

The thrips and whiteflies are both sucking insects, among which those causing damage to crops are controlled as sucking pests. The damage depends on the type, habitat, and crop, but if this is a thrips, for example, white spots on the leaves, new leaves do not spread normally, fruits grow white, bumps are uneven in the area of the fruits, and scabs It is known that damage can occur, such as the skin can not be opened. In the case of whitefly, for example, damage such as uneven coloring and white spot of tomato fruit, poor growth of green pepper and sweet pepper and fruit whitening are known. Furthermore, both thrips and whiteflies are vectors of viral disease.

Thrips and whiteflies fly from another parasitic area when they infest new crops. It is an adult that flies. Adults who flew will reproduce in a short cycle to increase their population after infestation. Therefore, the control of the thrips and whiteflies with agricultural insect repellent nets basically targets flying adults. When thrips and whitefly imagoes come in, they come into contact with an agricultural insect repellent net, and once they land on the net, they pass through a mesh using their legs and then move from the net to the crop.

The present invention focuses on the behavior from this landing to go-through, and uses a resin into which etofenprox has been incorporated as an insect repellent, in order to achieve a good breathability and an excellent control effect, and a specific size of the mesh is specified. To provide agricultural insect repellent nets set in

Specifically, the grain size is 0.2 mm or more and 4.0 mm or less, preferably 0.4 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less, more preferably 0.6 mm or more and less than 0.8 mm, particularly preferably 0. .7 mm or more and less than 0.8 mm. If the weight is too small, air permeability may be insufficient. If the weight is too large, the thrips or whiteflies may pass through the net in a short time, and the chemical repelling effect of etofenprox may be insufficient.

Incidentally, the definition of the size in the present invention is generally referred to as an opening, and when the agricultural insect repellent net is made of a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, it means the distance of the space between the filaments. Moreover, when it consists of a split fiber web or a split fiber web laminate, it means the distance between the centers of the trunk fibers. In any case, it is represented by the average value (mm) when measuring for 5 eyes at the time of expansion.

In one embodiment of the present invention, there is an agricultural insect repellent net obtained by preparing an insect repellent filament from a resin into which etofenprox is kneaded, and weaving or knitting the filament.

As the resin used in the present invention, known thermoplastic resins can be used without any limitation. Specifically, polyamide resins such as nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610; polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate; polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polymethylpentene; Polyphenylene sulfide resin; Biodegradable polymer such as polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, polyethylene succinate, polybutylene (succinate / adipate) copolymer, etc. Polystyrene resin; Polyacrylate resin such as polymethyl methacrylate; Polyether resin; Thermoplastic Thermoplastic elastomers such as polyurethane; tetrafluoroethylene / ethylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroal And the like can be given; cyclohexyl vinyl ether copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene - vinylidene fluoride copolymer fluororesin - hexafluoropropylene.

The thermoplastic resin is preferably a polyolefin resin or a polyester resin, particularly preferably a polyolefin resin, from the viewpoint that the strength, the weather resistance and the processability are good.

Etofenprox, which has the chemical name 2- (4-ethoxyphenyl) -2-methylpropyl 3-phenoxybenzyl ether, exerts insect repellence by the same mechanism of action as pyrethroids, but is toxic to warm-blooded animals Have the advantages of low skin irritation, low irritation to skin and mucous membranes, and low fish toxicity, and their safety has been confirmed by WHO.

The content of etofenprox in the agricultural insect repellent net of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 4.0% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 2.0% by mass. If the amount of etofenprox is too small, the control effect may be insufficient. If the amount is too large, there is a possibility that efflux of etofenprox may occur depending on the use environment.

In the present invention, known insect repellents may be used in combination as long as safety and processability are not impaired. Examples of known insect repellents other than ethofenprox include pyrethroid repellents such as pyrethrin, cinerine, jasmolin, aresulin, resmethrin and fenvalerate; cyclic diene repellents such as toxaphene and benzoepin; organics such as malathion and fenitrothion Phosphorus-based insect repellents; Carbamate-based insect repellents such as carbaryl, mesomil, promecarb, etc .;

In the present invention, known additives may also be used as needed. Known additives include, for example, slow release assistants such as benzenesulfonic acid amide; different types of thermoplastic resins used as dispersion assistants, affinity resins (eg ethylene-ethyl acrylate), etc .; weathering agents; Flame retardants; Antioxidants; Inorganic pigments such as titanium oxide, silicon oxide, calcium carbonate, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, barium sulfate, carbon black, etc .; Phthalocyanine metal, organic pigments such as cobalt blue; Stearic acid metal salts; Stearylamide, calcium metasilicate, hydrous magnesium silicate, aminosilane, melamine cyanurate, ionomers, sequestering agent, inclusion compound, anticoloring agent, antistatic agent, silicone oil, surfactant, reinforcing fiber, carbodiimide Epoxy compound; oxazoline compound; clay, talc, mosquito Phosphorus, particles such as inorganic particles or crosslinked polymer particles such as zirconium acid; antioxidants; ion exchanger; UV absorbers; and the like.

The agricultural insect repellent net of the present embodiment consisting of a woven fabric or a knit is manufactured by manufacturing insect repellent filaments from the above-mentioned materials by known methods, and weaving or knitting such filaments.

The insect repellent filaments may be monofilaments or multifilaments, but monofilaments are preferred from the viewpoint of strength and cost.

The thickness of the insect repellent filament may be appropriately determined in accordance with the size of the net, the use environment and the like, but 70 to 340 denier is preferable, and 100 to 270 denier is particularly preferable. If the insect repellent filament is too thick, air permeability may not be sufficiently secured, and if it is too thin, there is a possibility that yarn breakage may occur.

There are no particular restrictions on the weave and weave. When manufacturing insect repellent nets by weaving, insect repellent filaments are preferably used as at least part of the warp or weft, preferably all warp or all weft, particularly preferably all warp and all weft.

As the weave structure, for example, Mihara tissue (plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, etc.), change texture (change plain weave, shiso weave, change twill weave, sharp diagonal, yamagata twill, change satin weave, etc.), Special tissue (Beesu weave, satin weave), single layer mixed tissue, etc .; Layers such as double weave (ball rascha etc.), double weave (double sided satin etc.), double weave (wind weave, bag weave etc) Tissues: Vertical pile tissue (vertical velvet, etc.), horizontal pile tissue (Beijin, corduroy, etc.), pile tissue such as towel tissue;

The weaving may be performed according to a known method, in other words, a known method may be selected according to the selected weave structure.

When the insect repellent filament described above is knitted to form an agricultural insect repellent net, the insect repellent filament is used as at least a part of the yarn, preferably all yarns, and warp knitting or weft knitting is performed.

Knitting systems include, for example, weft knitting systems such as plain knitting, rib knitting, pearl knitting, double-sided knitting, etc .; single knitting, single cord knitting, single atlas knitting, half tricot knitting, warp knitting systems such as russell knitting, etc. . Depending on the knitting structure, patterned yarn may be used in addition to knitting yarn (base yarn). In addition, tape yarns may be used as in Raschel knitting. Insect-repellent filaments may be used for pattern yarns and tape yarns, and known yarns may be used.

The knitting may be performed according to a known method, that is, an appropriate known method may be selected according to the selected knitting structure.

In the case of a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, heat fusion treatment may be performed after weaving or after knitting in order to prevent misalignment.

In addition, as another embodiment of the present invention, there is an agricultural insect repellent net consisting of a split fiber web or a split fiber web laminate. The split fiber web is obtained by manufacturing a resin film made of the above-mentioned material by a known method, and slitting the resin film to split it. A split fiber web laminate is obtained by laminating a split fiber web.

In the present invention, from the viewpoint that the amount of etofenprox can be easily adjusted and the degree of change hardly changes depending on the degree of tension at the time of stretching, it is preferably made of a woven fabric, particularly preferably a plain woven fabric.

There is no particular limitation on how to use the agricultural insect repellent net of the present invention. For example, a tunnel or flat that covers crops with an agricultural insect repellent net using a pillar, and a house side which lays the agricultural insect repellent net on the side of a vinyl house. It may be used in a method such as filling, covering the entire outer surface of the plastic house with an agricultural insect repellent net, or covering with a crop without using posts or the like. From the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention are exhibited to the fullest, house side covering is preferable.

The agricultural insect repellent net of the present invention may be used for cultivating crops which may be infested by the thrips and whitefly. The thrips and whiteflies infest a wide variety of crops, so it is not possible to define the target for use in general, for example, in the case of food crops, cucurbitaceae such as watermelon and cucumber; tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, peppers, tobacco The present invention can be applied to crops such as a solanaceous family such as Citrus unshiu; a citrus family such as a green onion; a cruciferous family such as a cabbage; a gonococci family such as a spinach;

Among food crops, it is particularly preferable to use for cultivation of cucurbitaceae or solanaceous crop. These crops are particularly susceptible to damage by thrips and whiteflies, and are particularly susceptible to virus infection as they are mediated by thrips and whiteflies. Moreover, since the cultivation time is a warm season, the thrips and whiteflies are active and the damage is likely to be spread. In addition, many crops belonging to these families, such as tomatoes and peppers, are important for which both temperature and aeration (humidity) control are important during cultivation.

In addition, the agricultural insect repellent net of the present invention is also suitably used for cultivating flower plants such as Eustoma and chrysanthemum. It is a crop that is strongly required to grow without defects, including petals and stems and leaves, as well as petals and stems and leaves, so that flower buds withstand viewing, but if it is infested with the thrips and whiteflies, it will be sucked out without notice White spots may be produced on the leaves and the leaves. Furthermore, in the case of whitefly, sticky excrement is attached, which also impairs the appearance. Therefore, floriflora are crops with a particularly high need for controlling thrips and whitefly.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited by these examples.

　表１に示したように、本発明の農業用防虫ネットを使用することでタバココナジラミの侵入数を減少させることができた。 (Experimental example 1: Tobacco whitefly)
As a net-like material, a polyethylene plain weave insect repellant net (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a drug-containing insect repellant net) 1 using monofilaments kneaded with etofenprox, which both have longitudinal and lateral sizes of 0.75 mm, is used as weft. Prepared. The etofenprox content in this insect repellent net was 0.9% by mass. The warp and weft were both 150 denier.
Also, for comparison, a polyethylene plain weave insect repellent net (sometimes referred to as a drug repellent no insect repellent net) 2 which is the same as the drug-containing insect repellent net 1 except that the weft yarn is not mixed with etofenprox is prepared. did.
A plastic container having a width of 6.5 cm and a height of 6.5 cm and a depth of 17 cm was prepared, and the middle portion of the plastic container was partitioned by a drug-containing insect net 1 or a drug-free polymer net 2. On one side, the whitefly was liberated and on the other, cucumber leaves were placed. An LED light source was installed outside the container side of the leaf side, and light was irradiated by the LED light source to induce B. tabaci. In both experiments, we set n = 2 to count the number of nets passed and the number left. The results are shown in Table 1.

As shown in Table 1, by using the agricultural insect repellent net of the present invention, it was possible to reduce the number of invasion of B. tabaci.

　表２に示したように、本発明の農業用防虫ネットを使用することで、すべてのアザミウマの種類に対して侵入数を減少させることができた。
  (Experimental example 2: thrips)
As a net-like material, a polyethylene plain weave insect repellent net (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a medicated insect repellent net) 3 using monofilaments kneaded with etofenprox, both 0.40 mm in length and width, is used as weft. Prepared. The etofenprox content in this insect repellent net was 0.9% by mass. The warp and weft were both 150 denier.
Also, for comparison, a polyethylene plain weave insect repellent net (which may be referred to as a drug repellent no insect repellent net) 4 which is the same as the drug-containing insect repellent net 3 except that the weft yarn is not mixed with etofenprox is prepared. did.
A plastic container having a width of 6.5 cm and a height of 6.5 cm and a depth of 17 cm was prepared, and the middle portion of the plastic container was partitioned by a drug-containing insect net 3 or a drug-free polymer net 4. The thrips was released on one side and the eggplant leaves were placed on the other side to attract this thrips. As species of thrips, four species of S. thunans, T. thunans, T. thunans, and T. thunans were used to count the number passed through the net and the number remaining. The results are shown in Table 2.

As shown in Table 2, by using the agricultural insect repellent net of the present invention, it was possible to reduce the number of infestations for all thrips types.

Claims (5)

An agricultural insect repellent net characterized by being impregnated with etofenprox. The agricultural insect repellent net according to claim 1, which is for thrips or whiteflies. The agricultural insect repellent net according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the basis weight is 0.4 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less. The agricultural insect repellent net according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a woven fabric made of monofilament into which etofenprox is kneaded. Etofenprox has been kneaded,
The weight is 0.4 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less,
An insect repellent net for agriculture characterized by being used for cultivation or floriculture of a solanaceous or cucurbitaceous crop.