WO2019128370A1 - Oxygen-generating candle - Google Patents

Abstract

An oxygen-generating candle, comprising an absorption flammable layer, a heat generating layer and a main candle body layer; the heat generating layer is provided between the absorption flammable layer and the main body layer; according to mass percentage, the main body layer is made of 90% to 96% chlorate, 1.5% to 5% catalyst, 0 to 3% fuel, 1.5% to 2.5% binder and 0.5% to 1.5% stabilizer; the heat generating layer is made of 70% to 80% chlorate, 5% to 15% catalyst, 5% to 12% fuel and 3.0% to 6.0% binder; the absorption flammable layer is made of 5% to 15% fuel, 80% to 90% strontium chromate, 3% to 5% binder and 0 to 1% chlorate; the catalyst is a combination of two or more from among cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide and titanium oxide; the amount of catalyst in the main candle body layer is 4-5 times greater than the amount of the catalyst of the heating layer; the fuel comprises one or more from among magnesium powder, titanium powder, cobalt powder, and zirconium powder. Due to the adjustment of the type and proportion of the catalyst, the decomposition temperature of the oxidizing agent chlorate is lowered and the demand for an active metal of the flammable layer is lowered; in addition, the addition of a flame retardant may control the rate of energy release of the active metal.

Description

Oxygen candle Technical field

The invention relates to a solid chemical oxygen source formula, in particular to a high efficiency oxygen releasing oxygen candle.

technical background

The solid chemical oxygen device is an emergency rescue device developed by the principle that oxychlorate or perchlorate is used to generate oxygen by thermal decomposition under the action of a catalyst. Its characteristics are: long storage time, small volume; high oxygen density, three times the same volume of compressed oxygen, oxygen candle storage and use are under normal pressure, no high pressure danger; solid chemical oxygen device maintenance-free, greatly reducing maintenance costs . Solid chemical oxygen plants have been widely used as life-saving emergency oxygen sources in shelters, mines, aerospace, submarines, medical and civilian applications.

At present, in the solid chemical oxygen gas candle formula at home and abroad, expensive lithium peroxide reagent is usually added, so that the formula is easy to absorb moisture, and the combustion is slow, thereby affecting the oxygen production rate of the oxygen candle, and the decomposition temperature is above 200 degrees.

Summary of the invention

In view of the defects or deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a high-density oxygen candle which has a decomposition temperature of 200 ° C or less and is highly efficient in oxygen evolution.

The oxygen candle provided by the present invention comprises an absorption flammable layer, a heat generating layer and a main candle body layer; the heat generating layer is disposed between the absorbing flammable layer and the main candle body layer; in mass percentage, by mass percentage, The body layer is made of 90% to 96% chlorate, 1.5% to 5% catalyst, 0 to 3% fuel, 1.5% to 2.5% binder and 0.5% to 1.5% stabilizer; by mass percentage, The heat generating layer is made of 70% to 80% chlorate, 5% to 15% catalyst, 5% to 12% fuel and 3.0% to 6.0% binder; by mass percentage, the absorption of the flammable layer is 5%~ 15% fuel, 80% to 90% strontium chromate, 3% to 5% binder and 0 to 1% chlorate; the catalyst is a combination of two or more of cobalt oxide, MnO2 and titanium oxide The amount of the main candle body layer catalyst is 4 to 5 times the amount of the catalyst of the heat generating layer; the fuel is one or several components of magnesium powder, titanium powder, cobalt powder, and zirconium powder.

The chlorate of the present invention is sodium chlorate or potassium chlorate.

The binder of the present invention is a combination of one or more of kaolin, glass fiber, ceramic fiber and diatomaceous earth; the binder acts as a skeleton for burning the oxygen candle while absorbing heat to prevent heat loss.

The stabilizer of the present invention is one or a combination of two or more of potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate and microsilica.

The beneficial effects of the invention:

(1) By adjusting the type and proportion of the catalyst, the decomposition temperature of the oxychloride chlorate is lowered, and the oxygen is more easily released at a low temperature, thereby reducing the demand for the flammable layer active metal and adding the flame retardant control. The release rate of the living wave metal energy.

(2) Using high-efficiency catalyst compounding, the chlorate is decomposed continuously at low temperature according to the activation energy temperature of different catalysts. At the same time, the MnO ₂ added by the formula is an electrolyte material, which can purify oxygen purity.

(3) There is no chlorine removal agent in the oxygen candle formula, which reduces the cost. Since the addition of the chlorine removal agent affects the combustion stability of the oxygen candle, it is expensive.

(4) The oxygen candle structure has three layers to improve the reliability of the oxygen candle. The absorbing flammable layer is composed of a stripping metal powder and strontium chromate, and at the same time providing the decomposition temperature of the oxygen generating agent, the harmful gas nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide can be effectively absorbed, thereby improving the purity of the oxygen.

(5) The oxygen candle structure is stable and the formula is reasonable. After many experiments, it is fine-tuned on the basis of this formula to meet the needs of various industries.

Detailed ways

The relationship between the amount of the main body layer, the heating element layer and the absorbing flammable layer of the present invention can be determined according to the index requirements of the oxygen generation amount of the oxygen candle product.

The effects of the invention are illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to cover the full scope of the claims.

Example 1:

Absorbing flammable layer a total of 10g, the proportion of each component is (mass percentage): chlorate 0.2%, magnesium powder 10%, strontium chromate 85%, kaolin 4.8%;

The heating body layer was 52.1 g, and the ratio was (mass percentage) 73% sodium chlorate, 4% cobalt tetraoxide, 6% manganese dioxide, 5% iron powder, 7% cobalt powder, and 5% kaolin.

H＝23mm的产氧药块；经120℃红外干燥箱干燥1h。 The main candle body layer was 300.05 g, and the ratio was (mass percentage) sodium chlorate 95%, potassium perchlorate 0.5%, cobalt trioxide 0.7%, manganese dioxide 0.8%, cobalt powder 1.0%, and kaolin 2.0%. First, the chlorate is dried in an infrared oven at 120 ° C for 30-60 min, then mixed with other weighed materials by a ball mill and a double-spiral mixer, and a certain amount of 0.5 to 2% NaCrO ₄ aqueous solution is added. Fully mixed, demoulded

Oxygen-producing block with H=23mm; dried in an infrared drying oven at 120 °C for 1 h.

Experimental results: The oxygen candle can be started normally, the catalyst Co ₃ O ₄ /MnO _{2 is} compounded, the oxygen candle is stable and does not flow, and the performance indexes are in compliance with the AQ-1057 standard.

Example 2:

Absorbing 15g of flammable layer, the ratio is (mass percentage): chlorate 0.5%, magnesium powder 10%, strontium chromate 84.5%, kaolin 5%;

The heating body layer was 59.12 g, the ratio was (mass percentage) sodium chlorate 76%, tricobalt tetroxide 5%, manganese dioxide 5%, iron powder 3%, cobalt powder 6%, and kaolin 5%.

H＝23mm的产氧药块；经120℃红外干燥箱干燥1h。 The main body layer is 285g, the ratio is (mass percentage) 95.5% sodium chlorate, 0.7% potassium perchlorate, 0.7% cobalt trioxide, 0.9% manganese dioxide, 0.5% cobalt powder, and 1.7% kaolin. First, the chlorate is dried in an infrared oven at 120 ° C for 30-60 min, then mixed with other weighed materials by a ball mill and a double-spiral mixer, and a certain amount of 0.5 to 2% NaCrO ₄ aqueous solution is added. Fully mixed, demoulded

Oxygen-producing block with H=23mm; dried in an infrared drying oven at 120 °C for 1 h.

Experimental results: The oxygen candle can be started normally, the catalyst Co ₃ O ₄ /MnO _{2 is} compounded, the oxygen candle is stable and does not flow, and the performance indexes are in compliance with the AQ-1057 standard.

Example 3:

Absorbing 10g of flammable layer, the ratio is (mass percentage): 8% of zirconium powder, 83% of strontium chromate, 9% of kaolin;

The heating body layer was 48.5 g, and the ratio was (mass percentage) sodium silicate 77%, tricobalt tetroxide 6%, manganese dioxide 5.5%, iron powder 4%, magnesium powder 2.5%, and kaolin 5%.

H＝23mm的产氧药块；经120℃红外干燥箱干燥1h。 The main body layer was 300.01g, the ratio was (mass percentage) sodium chlorate 94.4%, potassium perchlorate 1.0%, cobalt trioxide 0.9%, manganese dioxide 1.2%, magnesium powder 1.0%, kaolin 1.4%. First, the chlorate is dried in an infrared oven at 120 ° C for 30-60 min, then mixed with other weighed materials by a ball mill and a double-spiral mixer, and a certain amount of 0.5 to 2% NaCrO ₄ aqueous solution is added. Fully mixed, demoulded

Oxygen-producing block with H=23mm; dried in an infrared drying oven at 120 °C for 1 h.

Experimental results: The oxygen candle can be started normally, the catalyst Co ₃ O ₄ /MnO _{2 is} compounded, the oxygen candle is stable and does not flow, and the performance indexes are in compliance with the AQ-1057 standard.

Example 4:

The proportion of absorbing flammable layer is the same as that in the third embodiment;

The proportion of the heating body layer is the same as in the first embodiment;

H＝23mm的产氧药块；经120℃红外干燥箱干燥1h。 The main body layer is 295 g, the ratio is (mass percentage) sodium chlorate 93.5%, potassium perchlorate 1.5%, tricobalt tetroxide 1.1%, manganese dioxide 1.3%, magnesium powder 1.1%, kaolin 1.5%. First, the chlorate is dried in an infrared oven at 120 ° C for 30-60 min, then mixed with other weighed materials by a ball mill and a double-spiral mixer, and a certain amount of 0.5 to 2% NaCrO ₄ aqueous solution is added. Fully mixed, demoulded

Oxygen-producing block with H=23mm; dried in an infrared drying oven at 120 °C for 1 h.

Experimental results: The oxygen candle can be started normally, the catalyst Co ₃ O ₄ /MnO _{2 is} compounded, the oxygen candle is stable and does not flow, and the performance indexes are in compliance with the AQ-1057 standard.

Example 5:

The proportion of absorbing flammable layer is the same as that in Example 2;

The proportion of the heating body layer is the same as in the third embodiment;

H＝23mm的产氧药块；经120℃红外干燥箱干燥1h。 The main body layer 320g, the ratio (mass percentage) of sodium chlorate 92.6%, potassium perchlorate 1.2%, cobalt trioxide 1.0%, manganese dioxide 1.5%, cobalt powder 1.5%, magnesium powder 1.0%, kaolin 2.2%. First, the chlorate is dried in an infrared oven at 120 ° C for 30-60 min, then mixed with other weighed materials by a ball mill and a double-spiral mixer, and a certain amount of 0.5 to 2% NaCrO ₄ aqueous solution is added. Fully mixed, demoulded

Oxygen-producing block with H=23mm; dried in an infrared drying oven at 120 °C for 1 h.

Experimental results: The oxygen candle can be started normally, the catalyst Co ₃ O ₄ /MnO _{2 is} compounded, the oxygen candle is stable and does not flow, and the performance indexes are in compliance with the AQ-1057 standard.

The above formulation examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 were prepared according to the following processes:

First, a certain amount of the main candle body is added under the molding cavity, and then the mixed heating body layer is added, pre-compression molding, and the flammable layer component is added after combustion to form a demoulding. The formed oxygen candle was placed in an oven at 120 ° C for 30 min, and was equipped into a complete oxygen generating device, which was thermostated at -20 ° C, 25 ° C, and 60 ° C for 2 h to detect whether the oxygen candle could be started smoothly.

The decomposition temperature of the oxygen candle oxygen generator of the present invention is lower than 200 ° C, and the temperature rise of the outer casing is lower than 130 ° C. According to the oxygen release amount and the change before and after the oxidation of the oxygen candle, the effective oxygen release amount/weight ratio is 39 to 41%.

The invention can generate oxygen efficiently, is reliable in any environment, has high oxygen density, and the harmful gas component content is close to zero, and does not gradually accumulate harmful impurities to affect the oxygen quality as the sealing time is prolonged.

Claims (4)

An oxygen candle, characterized in that the oxygen candle comprises an absorbing flammable layer, a heat generating layer and a main body layer; the heat generating layer is disposed between the absorbing flammable layer and the main body layer; The mass of the main body is made up of 90% to 96% chlorate, 1.5% to 5% catalyst, 0 to 3% fuel, 1.5% to 2.5% binder and 0.5% to 1.5% stabilizer. ; The heat generating layer is made of 70% to 80% chlorate, 5% to 15% catalyst, 5% to 12% fuel and 3.0% to 6.0% binder by mass percentage; In terms of mass percentage, the absorbing flammable layer is made of 5% to 15% fuel, 80% to 90% strontium chromate, 3% to 5% binder and 0 to 1% chlorate; The catalyst is a combination of two or more of cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide and titanium oxide; the amount of the main candle body layer catalyst is 4 to 5 times the amount of the catalyst of the heat generating layer; The fuel is one or more of magnesium powder, titanium powder, cobalt powder, and zirconium powder. The oxygen candle according to claim 1, wherein the chlorate is sodium chlorate or potassium chlorate. The oxygen candle according to claim 1, wherein the binder is one or a combination of two or more of kaolin, glass fiber, ceramic fiber, and diatomaceous earth. The oxygen candle according to claim 1, wherein the stabilizer is one or a combination of two or more of potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate and microsilica.