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WO2019112050A1 - Dispositif d'imagerie, procédé d'imagerie, programme d'imagerie et support de stockage - Google Patents

Dispositif d'imagerie, procédé d'imagerie, programme d'imagerie et support de stockage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019112050A1
WO2019112050A1 PCT/JP2018/045133 JP2018045133W WO2019112050A1 WO 2019112050 A1 WO2019112050 A1 WO 2019112050A1 JP 2018045133 W JP2018045133 W JP 2018045133W WO 2019112050 A1 WO2019112050 A1 WO 2019112050A1
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Prior art keywords
imaging
setting
unit
image
result
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
憲明 八幡
伊知男 青木
横田　秀夫
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National Institutes For Quantum Science and Technology
RIKEN
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National Institutes For Quantum Science and Technology
RIKEN
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Priority to JP2019558303A priority Critical patent/JP7157420B2/ja
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
    • A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to, for example, an image capturing apparatus, an image capturing method, an image capturing program, and a storage medium for non-invasively imaging a structure and an activity state in a body to be imaged.
  • MRI magnetic resonance imaging
  • computed tomography and the like are used as a help in identifying a lesion, scrutinizing the relevant site, and deciding on a diagnosis and deciding on a treatment plan without damaging the patient's body.
  • Imaging devices such as devices (CT), ultrasound tomographic imaging devices, positron tomography imaging devices (PET), and single photon emission computed tomography devices (SPECT) have been utilized.
  • a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus is an apparatus that can non-invasively image the structure and activity in a body to be imaged. If normal imaging with this magnetic resonance imaging system is performed and the presence of a suspected area of disease is recognized but it is difficult to diagnose, the doctor may re-examine the patient after interpretation, or without a complete examination. It was necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
  • a doctor or a laboratory technician acquires an image by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus using standard settings defined in advance with respect to the imaging method. Then, the doctor interprets the obtained image and diagnoses what kind of disease is recognized.
  • the quality and information of the image obtained by such a standard imaging method may be insufficient, and it may be difficult to identify and scrutinize a lesion.
  • an imaging apparatus including this magnetic resonance imaging apparatus
  • setting elements such as an imaging method and imaging parameters.
  • the image capturing apparatus can clearly represent the lesion and the content to be examined on the captured image.
  • the doctor can improve the diagnostic accuracy.
  • the doctor identifies the abnormality in the image by image interpretation and determines the necessity of the additional examination, and the imaging item It is difficult to select an image or adjust imaging parameters (conditions) and perform re-imaging with a standard examination system or personnel assignment in the current medical field. For this reason, although the performance of the image pickup device is capable of higher-accuracy inspection or different types of inspections, the doctor has to issue a definitive diagnosis based on the insufficient inspection result obtained. There is an impossible situation.
  • Patent Document 1 a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus capable of calculating a diffusion-weighted image corresponding to a parameter value different from an imaging parameter value used at the time of acquisition has been proposed as a method of increasing information obtained (see Patent Document 1) .
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of Patent Document 1 is a proposal of a method of pseudo-calculating a diffusion-weighted image corresponding to a parameter value different from an imaging parameter value used at the time of acquisition from the diffusion-weighted image collected.
  • the information obtained for interpretation has increased, the information needed by doctors has not been increased in response to the physical condition of the person being examined and the possibility of disease.
  • the diffusion-weighted image is only one of many imaging methods that can be performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, and the versatility of the method, that is, the effectiveness with other imaging methods has not been verified.
  • the present invention provides an image capturing apparatus, an image capturing method, an image capturing program, and a storage medium which can quickly derive an imaging setting suitable for diagnosis in accordance with a condition of an imaging object in view of the above-mentioned problems.
  • the purpose is to enable accurate diagnosis in a short time.
  • an imaging means for non-invasively imaging a tomographic image or a transmission image capable of grasping an internal state of an imaging subject, an imaging setting designating means for designating an imaging setting of the imaging means, and the imaging setting specification
  • An imaging control means for performing imaging by the imaging means according to an imaging setting specified by the means; an imaging result output means for outputting an imaging result by the imaging means; and a first imaging setting specified by the imaging setting designating means
  • a feature extraction unit that extracts a feature from a first imaging result obtained by performing imaging by the imaging unit, and a second imaging setting suitable for a second imaging of the object based on the feature by the feature extraction unit;
  • a second imaging setting selection unit for selecting and a second imaging setting output unit for outputting the second imaging setting are provided, and the feature extraction unit is suitable for diagnosis of an object to be imaged as the first imaging result.
  • the second imaging setting selection unit is suitable for diagnosing a candidate disease associated with the abnormality using the imaging result and extracting the abnormality in the imaging target as the feature from the first imaging result.
  • An image pickup apparatus and an image pickup method comprising: outputting at least one setting other than the setting of an imaging area as the second imaging setting which is different from the first imaging setting as an imaging setting in which a different imaging result is obtained
  • An image capturing program to be used and a storage medium storing the image capturing program.
  • an image pickup apparatus an image pickup method, an image pickup program, and a storage medium capable of quickly deriving an image pickup setting capable of appropriately performing diagnosis according to the condition of an object to be picked up. Accurate diagnosis can be made in a short time.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus.
  • FIG. 7 is a screen configuration diagram of a screen displayed on the display device from the input display unit.
  • 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus. Explanatory drawing which shows the example of a biometric image.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 (imaging apparatus).
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 comprises an imaging device 2 (imaging means) and a computer 15.
  • the imaging device 2 applies a high frequency magnetic field to a living body (subject), acquires radio waves generated when causing a hydrogen atom in the living body to cause a resonance phenomenon with a receiving coil, and acquires signal data. More specifically, the imaging device 2 generates a static magnetic field uniformly in a direction perpendicular to the body axis of the subject or a static magnetic field generating magnet in the direction of the body axis or a horizontal magnetic field static magnetic field generating magnet, X, Y, Nuclear magnetic resonance phenomenon of nuclear spins of atoms constituting living tissue of a subject by irradiating the subject with RF (radio wave) pulses and a gradient magnetic field coil and a gradient magnetic field power source generating gradient magnetic fields in three axial directions of Z
  • a transmission RF coil and an RF transmission unit for inducing the noise a reception RF coil and a signal detection unit for receiving a nuclear magnetic resonance signal (echo signal) emitted by the nuclear magnetic resonance phenomenon
  • the computer 15 includes an image generator 3, a feature extraction unit 5, a living body image database 6, an evaluation unit 7 (second imaging setting selection unit), an imaging parameter adjustment unit 8, an imaging item adjustment unit 9, an image simulation unit 11, and an imaging device
  • the control unit 12 and the input display unit 13 (imaging setting designating means, second imaging setting output unit) are included.
  • the evaluation unit 7, the imaging parameter adjustment unit 8, the imaging item adjustment unit 9, and the image simulation unit 11 function as the re-imaging setting selection unit 10.
  • the computer 15 is integrally formed as one device, for example, the image generator 3 requiring high-speed operation may be another independent computer and communicate with the computer having the remaining functions. It may be configured by a large number of computer groups, such as Further, in order to ensure safety, the configuration may be such that the results obtained from a large number of computer groups are manually reflected on the computer 15.
  • the image generator 3, the feature extraction unit 5, the re-imaging setting selection unit 10 (the evaluation unit 7, the imaging parameter adjustment unit 8, the imaging item adjustment unit 9, the image simulation unit 11), the image device control unit 12, and
  • the input display unit 13 indicates a functional unit operated by the control unit of the computer 15 according to a tomographic image imaging program (image imaging program), and the living body image database 6 indicates a database stored in the storage unit of the computer 15 ing.
  • the tomographic image imaging program is a set of a large number of programs (including modules), and includes a feature extraction program and a reimaging setting selection program.
  • the tomographic image imaging program (including the feature extraction program and the reimaging setting selection program) is installed in the computer 15 from a computer readable storage medium 16 such as a CD-ROM or a USB memory.
  • the feature extraction unit 5 functions by the operation of the computer (a combination of a CPU or a combination of a CPU and a GPU) in accordance with a feature extraction program installed in the storage unit of the computer.
  • the unit 10 functions by the operation of a computer arithmetic unit (a combination of a CPU or a CPU and a GPU) according to a re-imaging setting selection program installed in a storage unit of the computer.
  • the feature extraction program and the re-imaging setting selection program may be installed in the existing computer 15 using the existing ones in the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 and the computer 15.
  • the reimaging setting selection unit 10 take out the reimaging setting selection unit 10 and install the feature extraction program and the reimaging setting selection program in an external computer (including a portable terminal device such as a desktop terminal and a tablet), and use this external computer as a computer. It may be configured to be communicably connected to 15 and used.
  • an external computer including a portable terminal device such as a desktop terminal and a tablet
  • the image generator 3 generates and outputs a living body image 4 suitable for image analysis (interpretation) from the signal data acquired by the image device 2.
  • the imaging device 2 and the image generator 3 may be any device having the same performance as a magnetic resonance imaging device having basic performance installed in many medical institutions, and is used standard in imaging diagnosis. It is sufficient if imaging of an examination item and image generation can be performed. Note that the imaging device 2 may be a more sophisticated device capable of performing synthetic MRI or the like.
  • the feature extraction unit 5 scrutinizes the living body image 4 acquired from the image generator 3 and extracts a region suspected of a disease (lesion) as a feature.
  • the extraction of the characteristic portion is performed by comparing with the past living body image stored in the living body image database 6 or the like.
  • the feature extraction unit 5 uses the signal values and signal ratios of the obtained living body image 4 and quantitative values representing the features of the living body that can be measured on the image, and the parts to be examined such as organs and blood vessels. Detect the position, boundary (shape), activity, etc. of Based on standard human body data (atlas) created from past findings, the types of organs, blood vessels, etc. within the boundaries are determined, and their structures and functional states are evaluated. In addition, the activity state is quantified based on analysis of changes in signal values based on time series data, synchrony between parts (that the activities are synchronized), or frequency characteristics.
  • a peculiar area (abnormal region) or a functional abnormality is extracted, and a living body image of the peculiar area is Abnormal findings are identified by comparison with biological information (biometric image, basic information of the subject, and multi-dimensional image data including biological information) of another subject (patient) having a disease. Since various algorithms for extracting the feature part from the captured image are provided as described above, the feature extraction unit 5 may be configured to use these known algorithms. In addition, when identifying abnormal findings, various examination information other than biological images may be referred to and used for identification.
  • the living body image database 6 stores a large number of image data of the vicinity of a lesion area and a normal control with respect to all the diseases that can be examined.
  • the living body image database 6 includes image properties (coordinates, volume, pixel value, etc.) of the lesion area based on the diagnosis determination in the past by the doctor's interpretation, imaging protocol (imaging item, imaging parameter used for image acquisition) Etc., basic information (age, sex, medical history etc.) of the subject (subject to be imaged), and other biological information (physiological test, blood test, genetic test, urine / fecal test, electrocardiogram test, endoscopy) The results of microscopic examination, endocrinological examination, immunology / serological examination, tumor marker examination, examination by advanced medicine etc.) are stored.
  • the living body image database 6 sequentially accumulates image data obtained in the first routine imaging and image data obtained in the reimaging.
  • routine imaging refers to a standard imaging method that is not tuned to a specific individual or disease
  • the evaluation unit 7 receives the data of the feature (the region suspected of having a disease) extracted by the feature extraction unit 5 and refers to a standard image database in the living body image database 6 for each of the discriminated organs and blood vessels.
  • the distribution of the signal value, the activity pattern and the like are compared with the acquired biological image.
  • a place (abnormal place) or the like which is statistically significantly different from the standard image is searched, and when this is found, the abnormality is identified (the disease candidate is narrowed down) by referring to the standard database.
  • the comparison and the identification of the abnormality may be performed autonomously using artificial intelligence (machine learning technology).
  • the evaluation unit 7 evaluates the necessity of re-imaging so as to be able to identify the disease more clearly from the selected candidate diseases.
  • the evaluation unit 7 adjusts the imaging parameter (imaging condition) by the imaging parameter adjustment unit 8 and the imaging item adjustment unit toward reimaging when it is determined that it is useful for specifying the disease by performing high-accuracy reimaging. Advance the adjustment of the imaging items by 9.
  • the imaging item adjustment unit 9 selects an imaging item optimal for the diagnosis, and the imaging parameter adjustment unit 8 selects an optimal imaging parameter for each imaging item.
  • the imaging item refers to an item used for each examination determined by each selection in coil selection, imaging method selection, administration of a contrast agent, and quantitative imaging.
  • the optimal imaging parameter refers to an imaging parameter imaged in a state of high contrast and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in and out of a region exhibiting a structural or functional abnormality recognized on an image.
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • the feature extraction unit 5 re-extracts a lesion site with reference to the living body image database 6, and based on this, the evaluation unit 7 re-evaluates the likelihood (probability) of the candidate disease. This series of processes is repeated with the aim that the probability value of each candidate disease converges to a constant value, and the finally determined imaging settings (imaging items and imaging parameters) are transmitted to the imaging device control unit 12.
  • synthetic MRI is used as an imaging parameter of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1
  • simultaneous imaging of T1 quantitative mapping and T2 quantitative mapping is performed at the time of the first routine imaging, and after the first routine imaging.
  • the feature extraction unit 5 refers to the past image data of the corresponding disease existing in the living body image database 6 and the basic information of the subject (age, sex, medical history, etc.) While simulating with the image simulation unit 11, etc., the imaging setting is selected so that a high quality image optimum for image interpretation can be imaged.
  • the imaging setting that can capture a high-quality image that is optimal for this interpretation makes it possible to obtain imaging results suitable for diagnosing a candidate disease associated with an abnormality.
  • synthetic MRI it is possible to output a contrast display method that is optimal for upper-rank diseases in the list of estimated disease names.
  • imaging settings executed by the reimaging setting selection unit 10 (the evaluation unit 7, the imaging parameter adjustment unit 8, the imaging item adjustment unit 9, and the image simulation unit 11) centering on the evaluation unit 7 also using the feature extraction unit 5
  • the adjustment of may be performed by artificial intelligence (machine learning).
  • imaging results can be registered as needed in the living body image database 6, the number of learning data of artificial intelligence can be increased, and the accuracy can be enhanced according to the number of times of use.
  • the imaging device control unit 12 performs imaging in accordance with the imaging setting received from the evaluation unit 7.
  • the imaging apparatus control unit 12 performs imaging according to the input imaging setting.
  • the input display unit 13 accepts input of imaging settings and displays candidate imaging settings as candidates using an input display device (input device and display device) configured by a display and a touch panel, or a mouse, a keyboard, and a display. I do.
  • the input display unit 13 displays the imaging setting for re-imaging set by the evaluation unit 7 and performs imaging with the imaging setting as it is, or the operator of the apparatus manually adjusts the imaging setting. It may be configured to receive an instruction input to perform imaging after performing the above.
  • the input display unit 13 may be configured to be able to display (transfer) the result of the first routine imaging, the imaging setting for reimaging, and the like on a terminal such as a remote computer or tablet.
  • the imaging can be repeatedly performed until an image of the quality necessary for the determination of the diagnosis is obtained and the operator gives an instruction of termination on the input display unit 13.
  • information necessary for the doctor to make a diagnosis that is, image information with improved accuracy than the first routine imaging and quantitative results, disease name whose accuracy is improved compared to the first routine imaging
  • the input display unit 13 can output information such as an estimated list (including one close to a decision), a candidate list of a disease requiring discrimination, and the presence or absence of a combined disease predicted from the disease.
  • FIG. 2 is a table showing an example of imaging setting data 20 for determining imaging settings.
  • the imaging setting data 20 is dedicated to routine setting used for the first imaging (routine imaging), high accuracy routine setting used for the second and subsequent high accuracy routine imaging, and specific diseases after the second.
  • a large number of imaging setting data are stored by being classified into three types of individual detailed imaging settings used for individual detailed imaging.
  • each imaging setting data data relating to coil selection, imaging method selection, administration of a contrast agent, quantitative imaging method, and parameter selection (amplitude) is stored as large sections.
  • coil selection, imaging method selection, administration of a contrast agent, and quantitative imaging method are items related to selection of imaging items
  • parameter selection (spreading width) is an item related to selection of imaging parameters.
  • the coil selection stores which of the head coil, the local coil, and the whole-body coil is used.
  • Imaging method selection includes morphological image (T1-weighted image, T2-weighted image, T2 * -weighted image, proton density image, etc.), angiography (without contrast agent), dynamic imaging (cine heart, tagging etc.), digestion Tube imaging (non-contrast MRCPA, etc.), diffusion image (diffusion-weighted image, diffusion tensor image, etc.), functional brain image (BOLD, resting BOLD), circulating image, MR spectroscopy (1H, 31P etc.), and synthetic MRI It is stored which imaging method of MR fingerprinting method or similar contrast post-synthesis method is used. This imaging method corresponds to the imaging item adjusted by the imaging item adjustment unit 9.
  • the administration of the contrast agent stores data representing whether or not to administer the contrast agent, and which contrast agent to administer, if administered, generally angiography (including veins), myography (myocardium Etc.), dynamic angiography (brain circulation, tumor blood flow, etc.), liver angiography, digestive tract angiography (MRCP), renal cystography (renal function imaging), and arthrographic data items are stored.
  • the quantitative imaging method stores data of each item of relaxation time determination (T1, T2), flow rate determination, microcirculation determination, magnetic susceptibility determination, temperature determination, viscoelasticity determination, exchange rate, and electrical resistance.
  • Parameter selection is TR (repetition time), TE (echo time), number of integrations, spatial resolution (FOV, number of matrices), flip angle, sequence (spin echo, gradient echo, RARE, EPI etc.), 2D Data (data of amplitude) of each parameter of 3D division and imaging time (in the case of time-series data acquisition such as brain function image) is stored.
  • the data of this parameter selection (width) corresponds to the imaging parameter adjusted by the imaging parameter adjustment unit 8.
  • the evaluation unit 7 sets the imaging area to the same area (for example, the brain) as the same area (for example, the brain) as routine imaging based on the imaging setting data 20.
  • a portion for selecting an imaging region of the feature portion obtained as a result of evaluation is used as a basic imaging region selection unit 7 b, and a portion for selecting an imaging region to be added based on the imaging setting data 20 is applied.
  • the imaging area selection unit 7c is used.
  • T1-weighted imaging method and T2-weighted image that obtain higher spatial resolution and SNR if the decrease in brain volume is found by routine imaging and "dementia / mental disease" etc. are suspected Proposed method, proposal for stimulation response brain function imaging, proposal for resting brain function imaging, proposal for cerebral circulation imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging / diffusion quantitative imaging from suspicion of infarct lesion, suspicion of infarct lesion Data are registered in the imaging setting data 20 so that a proposal of cerebral angiography (without contrast agent or with contrast agent) is made.
  • FIG. 3 is a screen configuration diagram of the re-imaging setting screen 30 displayed on the display device of the computer 15 by the input display unit 13.
  • the reimaging setting screen 30 presents a picked up image display unit 31 for displaying a picked up image obtained by routine imaging, an abnormal region information display unit 33 for explaining an abnormal region found, and an imaging setting for reimaging
  • a re-imaging setting display unit 34, a re-imaging execution button 38 for executing re-imaging, and an examination end button 39 for terminating the examination are provided.
  • the captured image display unit 31 displays a sagittal cross section (sagittal cross section), an axial cross section (body axial cross section), and a coronal cross section (coronal cross section), and displays the region of interest 32 on each cross section.
  • a button or a scroll bar may be disposed which allows a cross-sectional image at a position other than the cross-section displayed on the captured image display unit 31 to be browsed by the manual operation of the operator.
  • the region of interest 32 is a feature (abnormal part) extracted by the feature extraction unit 5.
  • a button or a pull-down menu may be disposed which can arbitrarily browse them.
  • the abnormal part information display unit 33 displays the XYZ coordinates of the center position of the abnormal part, the size of the abnormal part, and the disease possibility of the abnormal part. For the disease possibility of the abnormal site, the disease name and the probability of being the disease are displayed. Possible diseases for the area of abnormality are displayed with probability, such as, for example, tumor (74%), inflammation (18%), multiple sclerosis (7%) and others (1%).
  • the re-imaging setting display unit 34 displays one or more re-imaging imaging settings useful for making a definite diagnosis of an abnormal part, and for each imaging setting, an operation presence / absence selection button 36 and a parameter manual adjustment button 37 are provided. There is. In this way, it is possible to select whether or not to perform multiple re-imaging, and to manually adjust the parameters.
  • a parameter setting screen (not shown) is displayed, a list of parameters used for the imaging setting is displayed in a list, and individual adjustment is accepted one by one for each parameter.
  • an imaging method or the like may be displayed in an unchangeable manner, or a new input button for inputting a new imaging setting including imaging may be displayed.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of the operation performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a tomographic image of an example of each biological image 4 (4a, 4b) obtained in the first imaging and the second imaging. It is explanatory drawing shown.
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 receives specification of one routine setting (for example, a head routine shown in FIG. 2 or an abdominal routine etc.) as an imaging setting by the input display unit 13, and is controlled by the imaging apparatus control unit 12.
  • the first imaging by the imaging device 2 with the designated imaging setting is executed (step S1).
  • This first imaging can be, for example, a screening test such as a human dock.
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 generates a living body image 4 by the image generator 3 based on the signal data obtained by the imaging apparatus 2 (step S2).
  • the signal data used at this time and the generated living body image 4 can be signal data and the living body image 4 suitable for diagnosis of a subject (a body to be imaged).
  • the signal data and the living body image 4 suitable for the diagnosis of the imaging target can be signal data and the living body image 4 obtained by appropriate imaging that is not a defect.
  • a living body image 4a shown in FIG. 5A is obtained.
  • the living body image 4a is an example in which "TR / TE" is set to "300/10 ms" and "Number of Average” is set to "1" as a part of imaging parameters as an initial parameter.
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 reads out the living body image by the feature extraction unit 5 and analyzes it to identify the types and positions of organs, blood vessels, etc. in the captured image (step S3). In response, the past living body image stored in the living body image database 6 is referred to (step S4).
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 compares the current living body image 4 obtained by the image generator 3 with the past living body image referred to from the living body image database 6 by the feature extraction unit 5 and characterizes the region suspected of having a disease. It extracts as a part (step S5).
  • This feature extraction can be an anomaly extraction. Specifically, an abnormality which is not defective in imaging (step S1) but does not appear in a subject without a disease, that is, an area having a defect with a suspected disease is extracted as a feature.
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 causes the evaluation unit 7 to evaluate whether or not re-imaging is necessary for the extracted feature portion (step S6). At this time, if no abnormality is found, the evaluation unit 7 can identify the disease without reimaging, if the improvement in the identification accuracy can not be expected by the reimaging, if the total examination time set in advance exceeds the predetermined time, etc. Determines that re-imaging is unnecessary (step S6: unnecessary), and ends the examination. At the end, the input display unit 13 displays on the display unit "The routine imaging has been completed. In the automatic determination, no data suspected of being abnormal was found. Are you sure you want to end the examination?" Ask the operator for confirmation.
  • the total examination time is the management policy of the medical institution, when the subject is a child, when the subject is hyperactive, the subject is suspected of a disease requiring urgent response, etc. It can be the maximum allowable inspection time determined appropriately for individual reasons. Also, by analyzing the obtained magnetic resonance image data, physiological information and body movement data of the subject during imaging, the total inspection time is automatically set to the total operation time setting unit or the total inspection time. An inspection interruption unit may be provided to interrupt the inspection.
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 determines that the reimaging is necessary by the evaluation unit 7, that is, when it is determined that the useful information for identifying the disease can be obtained by the reimaging (step S6: necessary)
  • the imaging parameters Adjustment of imaging parameters by the adjustment unit 8 (step S7) and adjustment of imaging items by the imaging item adjustment unit 9 (step S8) are executed.
  • the evaluation unit 7 determines as follows based on the specific presence or absence of the disease candidate from the appearance of the feature portion extracted by the feature extraction unit 5 . (1) "If an abnormality is found but the type of disease can not be estimated" The evaluation unit 7 determines that it is necessary to take a long time for the examination and acquire a better image. For this reason, it is determined that the precise inspection should be performed by the high accuracy routine setting (see the imaging setting data 20 in FIG. 2). Precision inspection with high precision routine setting can increase SNR and spatial resolution by increasing the number of integrations.
  • the evaluation unit 7 determines that an examination based on the individual detailed imaging setting (see the imaging setting data 20 in FIG. 2) for the assumed disease should be performed.
  • individual detailed imaging settings are defined for diseases such as "brain tumor”, “brain aneurysm”, “brain infarction / brain hemorrhage”, and “dementia / mental disease”.
  • re-imaging is performed within the determined imaging time range in order from the one with the high degree of certainty of each disease candidate determined by the evaluation unit 7.
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 which adjusts the imaging parameter by the imaging parameter adjustment unit 8 adjusts the imaging parameter in the imaging setting selected by the evaluation unit 7 (step S7). More specifically, the imaging parameter adjustment unit 8 determines which value within the range of parameter selection (spread width) stored in the imaging setting data 20 can obtain a suitable result. The parameters are adjusted while referring to the living body image database 6 by the feature extraction unit 5.
  • the parameter adjustment it is desirable to select a parameter that reduces noise in the vicinity of the region of interest due to the presence of a cavity or adipose tissue in the captured image by routine imaging. Thereby, the influence of noise (artifact) derived from individual features can be reduced at the time of re-imaging.
  • the parameter selection swing width
  • FOV spatial resolution in the thickness direction is doubled (such as 5 mm in routine imaging to 2.5 mm in reimaging, etc.), and the spatial resolution in the vertical or horizontal direction is doubled.
  • Parameter setting may be performed such that the same image quality (SNR) is maintained, and re-imaging that takes four times as long as routine imaging is performed only in a region near the feature.
  • SNR image quality
  • re-imaging that takes four times as long as routine imaging is performed only in a region near the feature.
  • SNR image quality
  • the same detailed reimaging for example, only the spatial resolution in the thickness direction is doubled, and the imaging time in the vicinity of the feature is doubled, and the resolution in the frequency encode direction and the phase encode direction is doubled respectively
  • adjustments are performed such that the number of integrations is doubled and the imaging time is quadrupled in order to improve the SNR of the low signal area.
  • These spatial resolutions (resolutions) and SNRs may be preset in the imaging setting data 20 in a possible disease or the like.
  • imaging parameters (resolution, SNR, etc.) may be adjusted so as to reduce candidate diseases, and a test item may be determined.
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 that adjusts the imaging item by the imaging item adjustment unit 9 is an imaging item in the imaging setting selected by the evaluation unit 7 (an item determined by coil selection, imaging method selection, administration of contrast agent, etc.) Adjustment (step S8). More specifically, the imaging item adjustment unit 9 performs an image simulation as to whether all or some of the imaging methods stored in the imaging method selection in the imaging setting data 20 should be used. The parameters are adjusted by referring to the living body image database 6 by the unit 11 and the feature extraction unit 5. Similarly, the imaging item adjustment unit 9 may use all or some of the items stored in coil selection, contrast agent administration, and quantitative imaging in the imaging setting data 20. Adjust the quality, etc., and adjust each item to be used for the inspection that is determined.
  • “morphological image” is “(2D multi slice) T1 weighted image, T2 enhanced image as an example of the imaging method. All of these can be performed as an image, FLAIR method (water suppression), and "angiography (non-contrast)" as “(3D) head angiography (non-contrast)".
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 functions as the time limit acquisition unit 7e by the evaluation unit 7, and when it is determined that there is a time limit (step S9: Yes), it functions as the required time acquisition unit 7d and the required time for reimaging is After calculation, it is checked whether re-imaging (second imaging) is completed within the time limit (step S10).
  • the time limit is a test determined based on information such as the total examination time determined in advance, or the estimated onset time in the case of a disease requiring urgent medical treatment (for example, cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage). The allowable time can be determined as appropriate.
  • the evaluation unit 7 obtains an input of the estimated onset time from the input display unit 13 when it is determined that there is a possibility of a disease requiring urgent medical treatment for the estimated onset time. Further, the time required for imaging may be calculated from the selected imaging setting. Specifically, the imaging time changes depending on which imaging method is used and how the parameter is set (for example, the imaging time becomes longer as the resolution is increased) and how many areas are imaged. Therefore, at the stage where these imaging settings are determined, the evaluation unit 7 performs an operation to obtain the required imaging time.
  • step S10 determines that the examination does not end within the time limit (or the imaging does not end) by the evaluation unit 7 (step S10: No), it is determined whether there is another candidate as an imaging setting. (Step S11).
  • step S11: Yes the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 returns the process to step S6, and the evaluation unit 7 repeatedly evaluates the necessity of re-imaging. At this time, the imaging setting which falls within the time limit is searched.
  • step S11 When there is no other candidate (step S11: No), the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 outputs that time is exceeded when imaging is performed on the input display unit 13 (time limit excess output unit) (step S12), and the process is performed. finish.
  • step S9 When there is no time limit in step S9 (step S9: No), and when it is determined that imaging is completed within the time limit in step S10 (step S10: Yes), the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 receives an image from the evaluation unit 7 The imaging setting is output (sent) to the device control unit 12 (step S13). At this time, the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 displays the imaging setting by the input display unit 13 and waits until the imaging start button is pressed, or performs the reimaging continuously without waiting, etc. It can be set as
  • the imaging setting is displayed by the input display unit 13, it is preferable to display the re-imaging setting screen 30 (see FIG. 3).
  • the routine imaging has been completed in the abnormal part information display section 33.
  • ⁇ disease name
  • the possibility of other diseases is as follows.
  • the suspicious disease list and the probability may be displayed together with a message such as Also, in the re-imaging setting display section 34, it is necessary for the suspicion of the disease with a message such as "Do you shift to the high-precision test corresponding to the expected disease? We recommend the execution of the next test.” A list of exams may be displayed.
  • a message “Please re-confirm the condition of the patient and start the scan” may be displayed.
  • a message such as “The data in which ⁇ (emergency disease name) was suspected was found by automatic discrimination. Please request urgent medical care system as soon as possible.” Is displayed. Also good.
  • this emergency is required, if it is set to automatically contact the emergency medical section, it may be configured to automatically contact the set contact.
  • the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 executes reimaging by the imaging apparatus 2 under the selected imaging setting under the control of the imaging apparatus control unit 12 (step S14), and returns the process to step S2 and repeats.
  • the living body image 4 that can be acquired by this re-imaging is a tomographic image in which the lesioned part 51 can be clearly seen, as shown in the living body image 4 b in FIG. 5 (B) and FIG. 5 (C).
  • the biological image 4b of FIG. 5B is re-imaged by changing “Number of Average” of the imaging parameters to “4” with respect to the setting at the time of imaging of the biological image 4a shown in FIG. 5A. Image.
  • step S1 when information (diagnostic information or information suggesting a diagnosis) highly probable to be a lesion is obtained by the first imaging (step S1) by the imaging device 2 (steps S3 to S7), imaging By performing adjustment of parameters (step S7) and / or adjustment of imaging items (step S8), resolution is improved, SNR is improved, imaging contrast is changed, and lesions are diagnosed in reimaging (step S14).
  • imaging By performing adjustment of parameters (step S7) and / or adjustment of imaging items (step S8), resolution is improved, SNR is improved, imaging contrast is changed, and lesions are diagnosed in reimaging (step S14).
  • blood circulation water molecule diffusion, angiography, imaging administered with a contrast agent, etc.
  • imaging settings suitable for diagnosis can be quickly derived according to the condition of a living body (subject). Therefore, adjust the imaging settings (imaging parameters and imaging items) of the imaging device 2 while the subject is in the imaging device 2, and re-imaging an area suspected of having a disease according to the reset imaging settings. It is possible to obtain a more accurate biometric image of the region concerned. For this reason, for the subject, it is possible to obtain detailed diagnosis results in one examination opportunity, and it is possible to avoid the burden and effort of receiving reexamination performing detailed imaging on a separate day. . In addition, the time required to confirm the diagnosis can be shortened, and there is an advantage that the time to start the necessary treatment and the time to recover can be advanced.
  • a screening test such as a medical checkup Imaging from an angle
  • imaging with the addition of a contrast agent that is not usually used in screening tests is also considered (in fact, such additional tests may be considered for abnormal findings that occur in the pituitary or inner ear).
  • a daily or weekly time lag occurs before screening, interpretation, reexamination, and diagnosis.
  • the imaging settings for performing high-precision routine imaging and individual detailed imaging according to the disease are automatically output, so a large amount of information is included as in the prior art.
  • the setting can be obtained in a short time.
  • the feature extraction unit 5 searches all the obtained image information to identify a lesion site, and the evaluation unit 7 estimates a disease through comparison with the past case data of the living body image database 6, and The appropriate re-imaging is carried out.
  • the diagnostic accuracy based on the image inspection is significantly improved, and the subject can enjoy great merits.
  • the doctor determines whether re-imaging should be performed with the imaging setting selected by the evaluation unit 7 or whether re-imaging should be performed after some adjustment, and designation by the input display unit 13 and re-imaging Can improve the convenience for the doctor. That is, even in the case where the doctor can interpret the image and manually input the imaging settings for reimaging, it takes time to properly perform all the settings in the imaging apparatus in which a large number of setting items and setting conditions exist. Even if settings are registered as presets according to the disease site or disease content, it takes time to search for the preset and also time to adjust appropriately for the subject. It takes On the other hand, a doctor can implement desired re-imaging in a short time by selecting and presenting the optimal imaging setting and using it as it is or finely adjusting it.
  • functional examination can also be conducted where only structural examination is usually performed due to the restriction of examination time or the like. That is, according to the above-described embodiment, an abnormal part can be automatically detected based on brain structure information (such as volume and diffusion coefficient of each brain region), and the cause disease can be estimated by referring to the brain image of the living body image database 6 It becomes.
  • imaging settings for reimaging necessary for definitive diagnosis such as brain function examination, brain MR spectroscopy examination, high-resolution imaging, etc., which are not performed in ordinary examination, can be set in a short time, and reimaging can be performed. Through this re-imaging, improvement in diagnostic accuracy is expected.
  • the diagnosis of the lesion that could not be determined by the standard examination is realized in the shortest time, so the "non-treatment period" until the treatment necessary for the subject is started is greatly shortened and the pain is reduced. It is possible to prolong life and bring about early treatment. In addition, it can contribute to the nationwide provision of high-quality medical services because it can be realized without relying heavily on the development status of medical infrastructure.
  • step S6 when the evaluation unit 7 determines that re-imaging is necessary, it proposes a method for improving diagnostic accuracy, and displays and excludes a disease list (possible disease list) that needs to be discriminated Proposal of methods necessary for the list of diseases for which the possibility is denied) Proposal of methods for determining the presence or absence of metastasis and complications (inspection methods assuming diseases, optimization of display methods assuming diseases, high-accuracy routine Examination, examination suggestion other than image examination), and it is good also as composition which makes a plurality of these proposals.
  • “Investigation method assuming a disease” in the proposal refers to imaging device selection (selection of low magnetic field MRI (1.5 T or less), high magnetic field MRI (3 T or more), CT, ultrasound, PET, SPECT, etc.) Suggestion of “devices / coils for optimum disease, imaging method, parameters” by coil selection, imaging method selection, swing width selection, etc., functional examination / contrast examination, etc. are included.
  • the imaging setting selected by the evaluation unit 7 is changed in consideration of the time lapse from the onset using the estimated onset time input by the input display unit 13 It is good also as composition.
  • optimum imaging can be performed in a short time according to the state at that time.
  • re-imaging is performed on another day etc. after the subject has left the imaging device 2 once due to reasons such as the case where re-imaging is performed while the subject is in the imaging device 2 and time limit elapses etc.
  • the position and range of the imaging area for reimaging may be made different.
  • the imaging region to be re-imaged is a part of the imaging region in routine imaging and the feature portion is relatively included. It is good to set in a narrow range.
  • the imaging area to be re-imaged is a part of the imaging area in routine imaging and a relatively wide range including the characteristic portion (described above It is preferable to set a range wider than the imaging range in the re-imaging while in the imaging device 2). In this case, even if the position of the subject is changed at the time of re-imaging due to having once come out of the imaging device 2, the characteristic portion can be reliably contained within the imaging range, and the resolution can be enhanced.
  • the imaging time and imaging area can be reduced to the minimum when imaging is performed while the camera is on the road.
  • the living body image database 6 is provided in the computer 15, the living body image database 6 may be stored in a separate server. In this case, a large amount of information such as a living body image is accumulated in the living body image database 6 of the server, and the computer 15 accesses the server at many bases using the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 1 to use the living body image database 6 be able to. Also, although an example in which a living body (human body) is assumed as an imaging target has been described, it may be used for diagnosis, analysis, abnormality detection, etc., for a corpse, an experimental animal, a veterinary object animal, a plant, a material, a substance or a phantom. Good.
  • the imaging apparatus 2 is a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus (MRI), the present invention is not limited to this, and a computed tomography imaging apparatus (CT), an MRT, an ultrasound tomography imaging apparatus, a positron tomography imaging apparatus (PET), and a single Aspects of the inside of the body to be imaged in an appropriate format such as a photon emission tomography (SPECT), tomographic images, data obtained by layering tomographic images, three-dimensional images, numerical information, or a plurality of these
  • SPECT photon emission tomography
  • An appropriate device for non-invasively imaging a tomographic image or a transmission image which can be grasped from the outside of an object to be imaged by light that can not be visually recognized by humans but can be grasped by waves and particles that transmit substances Can.
  • imaging non-invasively refers to imaging without the need for surgically damaging the subject, such as MRI, CT, MRT, ultrasound tomography, PET, And imaging by SPECT are all included.
  • suitable transmission images or tomographic images such as X-rays, neutrons, or radiation can be used. Also in this case, the same operation and effect as those of the embodiment described above can be obtained.
  • the captured image display unit 31 of the re-imaging setting screen 30 (FIG. 3) is configured to display the sagittal cross section, the axial cross section, and the coronal cross section
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the oblique cross section (slant cross section) is displayed.
  • the three-dimensional information may be rendered by volume rendering and visualized and displayed, or information obtained by imaging may be displayed by a suitable method such as displaying as numerical information.
  • the present invention can be used for imaging devices such as magnetic resonance imaging devices, computed tomography imaging devices, ultrasound tomography imaging devices, positron tomography imaging devices, and single photon emission tomography imaging devices, and in particular, magnetic resonance imaging It can be suitably used for the device.
  • imaging devices such as magnetic resonance imaging devices, computed tomography imaging devices, ultrasound tomography imaging devices, positron tomography imaging devices, and single photon emission tomography imaging devices, and in particular, magnetic resonance imaging It can be suitably used for the device.

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Abstract

Le but de la présente invention est de fournir un dispositif d'imagerie qui peut déterminer rapidement les paramètres d'imagerie appropriés au diagnostic en fonction des conditions dans lesquelles se trouve le sujet d'imagerie, et permettre un diagnostic rapide et précis. Ce dispositif d'imagerie est pourvu d'une unité d'extraction de caractéristiques (5) qui extrait des caractéristiques à partir de premiers paramètres d'imagerie obtenus par imagerie à l'aide d'un dispositif d'image (2) utilisant des premiers paramètres d'imagerie, et d'une unité de sélection de paramètres de ré-imagerie (10) qui, sur la base des caractéristiques provenant de l'unité d'extraction de caractéristiques (5), sélectionne des seconds paramètres d'imagerie appropriés pour une seconde imagerie du sujet d'imagerie. L'unité d'extraction de caractéristiques (5) est configurée pour utiliser des résultats d'imagerie appropriés au diagnostic concernant le sujet en tant que premiers résultats d'imagerie, et à partir desdits premiers résultats d'imagerie, pour extraire des anomalies touchant le sujet d'imagerie en tant que caractéristiques. L'unité de sélection de paramètres de ré-imagerie (10) est configurée pour délivrer des seconds paramètres d'imagerie, qui diffèrent des premiers paramètres d'imagerie en ce qui concerne au moins un paramètre autre que le paramètre de la région d'imagerie, en tant que paramètres d'imagerie avec lesquels des résultats d'imagerie, appropriés au diagnostic d'une maladie candidate liée à l'anomalie susmentionnée, peuvent être obtenus.
PCT/JP2018/045133 2017-12-08 2018-12-07 Dispositif d'imagerie, procédé d'imagerie, programme d'imagerie et support de stockage Ceased WO2019112050A1 (fr)

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WO2022221760A1 (fr) * 2021-04-16 2022-10-20 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Correction de fréquence et de phase de spectroscopie par résonance magnétique

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