WO2019103649A1 - Enriched ecological black earth, enriched concentrated soil solution, method and device for producing same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and concerns a concentrated solution of enriched black earth and a method and device for producing same. A concentrated soil solution comprised of enriched black earth contains, dissolved in water, enriched humus components and microflora containing microorganisms that decompose organic compounds, live microorganisms, and bacterial spores, and also indispensable trace elements and microorganisms that are symbionts of the plant species to be cultivated. The proposed method consists in creating a drainage system in insulated containers, laying a horizontal layer of enriched ecological black earth above said system, covering said layer with an organomineral mixture mixed with ground anthracites and ground shoots containing the necessary microflora, placing a layer of water-resistant mulch over the organomineral mixture that is to undergo processing, and, once processing is complete, performing overhead irrigation and collecting the filtrate. The proposed device comprises: an enclosed space with means for supplying and heating air; a container for growing shoots; containers with permeable bottoms, each of which contains, from bottom to top, a layer of enriched ecological black earth, a layer of an organomineral mixture that is to undergo processing, and a layer of water-resistant mulch; irrigation devices disposed above the containers; machines, disposed outside of the enclosed space, for grinding shoots, plant waste, animal waste, and a sorbent, the outlets of which are coupled to inlets of a mixer, wherein other inlets of said mixer are coupled to outlets of a hammer mill and of a disintegrator, the inlet of the latter being coupled to an outlet of the hammer mill; and a filtrate collecting trough disposed below the permeable bottoms of the containers.

Description

 Eco-rich soil,

 concentrated soil solution enriched,

 Method and device for their production

The inventions relate to agriculture, in particular to the production of means for increasing fertility and improving the environment, and can be used both in private small-scale production and in large-scale industrial production. The main means for the production of plant products is soil. Of all soil types, natural black soil has the greatest biological activity, the black color of which gives an increased content of humus. Chernozem is distinguished not only by increased humus content, but also by the composition of soil inhabitants, and a lumpy air- and moisture-permeable structure, creating comfortable living conditions for these inhabitants, while aerobic soil microorganisms live on the surface of soil clumps, and inside clumps - anaerobic soil organisms. In modern conditions in natural chernozems, the process of reducing the content of humus and, as a result, decreasing the natural fertility of the soil, takes a long time. Nowadays, soil with a humus content of 2% is considered good. Maintaining productivity with fertilizer reduces the quality and usefulness of products and degrades the environment. In addition, humus becomes inaccessible to plants due to the absence of microorganisms, destructors of humus due to the excessive use of agrochemicals.

 The increase in the content of humus in the soil in natural conditions is a very long process, not consistent with the intensive production of agricultural products.

 It is known to obtain and use for increasing the yield of artificial soil - ecochernem and water extract from it - concentrated soil solution (RF patent> 62433109, IPC C05G 3/08, C05F 11/08, Prior of 08/08/2009).

 Ecochernozem is a soil with a color from light brown to black with an acidity of Ph 6 ... 8, the structure of which is formed by small 0.1 ... 0.3 mm and large to 10 mm lumps with a humus content of 5 ... 8% and more, populated with earthworms and microflora characteristic of virgin black soil and including cellulose-destroying fungi, lithotrophic microorganisms, lactic acid bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and destructors of nitrogenous compounds.

 Concentrated soil solution is a liquid with a color from light yellow to dark brown, Ph 6 ... 8, contains humus components and microflora dissolved in water, which is characteristic of virgin black soil.

 Concentrated soil solution contains both live microorganisms and bacterial spores. Of particular importance are the spores of an aerobic bacterium - hay bacillus, which, when sprayed in, receives the required portion of oxygen

rapidly evolving and replacing pathogens.

 These substances, as the closest in composition to the claimed, taken as a prototype.

They significantly increase soil fertility and strengthen immunity.

grown with their use of plants.

 Their disadvantage is the insufficient number of trace elements necessary for the development of plants and animals that consume plants, as well as insufficient development of plant immunity.

 The purpose of the inventions is to enrich these substances with trace elements and

symbiotic microorganisms.

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) This goal is achieved by the fact that the ecologically rich soil is a structured soil with a humus content of more than 10%, the structure of which is formed by small 0.1 -0.3 mm and large to 10 mm lumps, with color from light brown to black and acidity pH 6 -8, inhabited by earthworms and microflora characteristic of virgin black soil and including

cellulose-destroying fungi, lithotrophic microorganisms, lactic acid bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, destructors of nitrogenous compounds containing fossil humus and microorganisms-symbionts of those plant species that are planned to grow.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that a concentrated soil solution enriched is a water extract from an enriched soil, containing dissolved components of humus enriched and microflora containing organic organisms-destructors of organic compounds, containing both live microorganisms and spores of bacteria, as well as essential microelements as absorbed by plants and symbiotic microorganisms of those plant species that are planned to grow, ranging in color from light yellow to

 dark brown and acidity pH 6-8.

 Modern humus, including that available in ecochernm, does not contain enough trace elements. . The content of essential trace elements was significantly greater in plants of previous geological epochs, which, over time, were transformed into combustible minerals. However, the simple introduction of fossil fuels, for example, crushed brown coal, into the soil is useless, because it has no means of delivering it to plants. When creating an eco-black enriched, microorganisms-symbionts are formed in its composition, capable of converting fuel fossil into soluble matter, and which settle on the roots of a plant. These microorganisms are specific, i.e. for each plant species are available as

universal, inherent in many plant species, and specific, inherent in this type of plant.

 Apparently, these same microorganisms, symbionts, contribute to an increase in the natural immunity of plants, which in ordinary cultivation is insufficient. Concentrated soil solution enriched initially contains symbiotic microorganisms with the necessary properties that can act immediately and multiply faster.

 The method of obtaining ecochernm enriched and concentrated soil solution enriched consists in creating a drainage system in isolated tanks, placing a horizontal layer of ecochernoem enriched on it, placing the processed organic-mineral mixture mixed with crushed fuel in an amount up to 10% of the total volume and with crushed sprouts-carriers of the desired microflora, grown separately, in the amount of 1..2% of the total volume of the layer, above the processed organic-mineral with esyu waterproof layer disposed mulch thickness of 2 ... 5 mm, maintained optimum conditions for processing, and after completion of processing carried out by sprinkling the strait and the filtrate was collected.

 At high humidity recyclable waste to achieve

air permeability of the mixture is added to it sorbing components in

the amount of 10-60% of the total volume of the layer.

 To speed up the processing, all components of the horizontal layer are pre-ground to a particle size of 1-2 mm.

 The purpose of the invention is also achieved by the fact that half of the combustible minerals are crushed to a particle size of not more than 2 mm, and the other half to a size not exceeding 1 micron.

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Maintaining optimal conditions for processing may consist in measuring the temperature and humidity in the room and maintaining the room temperature of 20-25 ° C and relative humidity of more than 65%.

 The completion of recycling can be determined by achieving transparency of the filtrate.

 The filtrate collected after the completion of the processing of the layer and the spill is poured into the tank of the sump and kept in it until the suspended particles completely settle, then the filtrate is drained from the crane located above the sediment layer.

 The purpose of the inventions is also achieved by the fact that the device for obtaining the eco-chernozem of the enriched and concentrated soil solution enriched contains a room with the means for supplying and heating the air, a container placed in the room for growing the germs and a container with a bottom permeable to liquid, inside each of which there is a layer of ecochernozem enriched, processed layer of organic-mineral mixture and a layer of water-resistant mulch, irrigation devices are placed above the tanks, installed outdoors zmelchiteli germs, vegetation and animal wastes, adsorbent, the outputs of which are connected to the mixer inputs, the other inputs of which are connected to the outputs of a hammer mill and a disintegrant, is connected with an input output hammer mill, and a liquid-permeable bottom of the tank for collecting trough situated filtrate. The implementation of the method we consider the example of the operation of the device, schematically

shown in the figure.

 The device contains chopper 1, chopping sprouts, chopper 2, chopping vegetable and animal waste, chopper 3 for

sorbing additives. Grinders 1,2,3, as well as the outlets of the hammer mill 4 and the disintegrator 5 are connected to the outlets with mixer 6, equipped with electric drive 7 and feeding the mixture to room 8, where containers 9 are installed with drainable bottom 10 (one of the tanks is shown) above the bottom 10 Layer 11 is located from bottom to top.

 ecochernozem enriched, layer 12 processed organic mixture, layer 13 mulch. Under the bottom of the tank 9 there is a chute 14, through which the filtrate flows into the vessel 15. In the room 8 there is also a tank 16 with the ecologic soil 17, on which the sprouts are grown 18. In the room 8 above the tanks 9 and 15 there are irrigation means 19.

 The operation of the device is as follows: in a container of 15 in the ecologic soil 17, the seeds of the plant are sown, for which the next portion is intended

concentrated soil solution enriched in, for example, wheat grains. Duration of cultivation to the optimal size of sprouts - 3 - 7 days. Then sprouts are extracted with roots and fed to chopper 1. By the end of cultivation in a chopper, 2 plant and animal waste is crushed to a particle size of 1 ... 2 mm. If the mixture is not sufficiently air- and moisture-permeable, sorbent components that have passed through the grinder 3 are added to it in the mixer 6. Fossil fuel, for example, brown coal, is loaded into the hammer mill 4, the sieve of which has openings 2 mm in diameter. Particles of this size are divided into two equal parts, one of which is fed into the mixer 6, and the other is mixed with a set and

enters disintegrator 5, for example, a cavitation homogenizer, grinding particles to a size of 0.1 μm, after which they are also fed to mixer 6. Brown coal particles up to 1 μm in size - easily accessible food for worms and bacteria — organic destructors, for example, hay wand. The mixer 6 in the process of operation should not squeeze the mixture, so it is a rotating drum with a displaced center of gravity and is driven by an electric drive7.

 A uniformly mixed mixture enters the tank 9, where a layer of 11 ecochernomas is already enriched from the previous recycling cycle. A layer 12 of a mixed mixture 3-7 cm thick is laid on it. On top of it lay a layer of waterproof mulch with a thickness of 2 ... 5 mm, as mulch can be used

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) any components that are not eroded by water and are included in the composition of the raw material for the production of eco-chernozems. Organisms and microorganisms spread to layer 12, find food here and multiply. At the same time, they recycle large particles. The periodicity of the spill should be no less than once every ten days. In room 8, optimal temperature and humidity are maintained, thanks to which microorganisms act and multiply not only inside the worms, but also outside them, which significantly increases the speed of processing. The end of processing is determined by achieving transparency of the liquid flowing down the chute 14. After that

release capacity 15, carry out pouring and collect in capacity 15

concentrated soil solution enriched. Then it is defended in a separate container and drained without sediment. As such, it can be stored for a long time. After pouring into the tank 9, a new layer 12 is loaded and the processing cycle is repeated. After filling capacity 9, ready-made ecological black earth is unloaded from it.

 The use of invented substances for growing plants in

Experimental conditions showed an increase in yield by 10% compared with the ecological soil and by 30% compared with the control.

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

Claim  1. Eco-chernozem enriched - structured soil with a humus content of more than 10%, the structure of which is formed by small 0D-0.3 mm and large to 10 mm lumps, with a color from light brown to black and acidity pH 6-8, inhabited by earthworms and microflora characteristic of virgin chernozem and including cellulose-destroying fungi, lithotrophic microorganisms, lactic acid bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, destructors of nitrogenous compounds, is enriched with irreplaceable microelements in the form absorbed by plants, as well as ie microorganisms symbiotic plant species, which are planned to grow.  2. Concentrated soil solution enriched - water extract from the eco-chernozem enriched, containing the humus components enriched and microflora containing microorganisms-destructors of organic compounds, containing both live microorganisms and bacterial spores, as well as essential trace elements in the form absorbed by plants and symbiotic microorganisms of those plant species that are planned to grow, has a color from light yellow to dark brown and pH 6-8 acidity.  3. A method for producing ecochernm of an enriched and concentrated soil solution enriched consisting in creating a drainage system in isolated tanks, placing a horizontal layer of ecochernozem enriched on it, placing the processed organic-mineral mixture mixed with crushed fuel fossil in the amount of up to 10% of the total volume of the layer and with crushed sprouts - carriers of the desired microflora, grown separately in the amount of 1..2% of the total volume of the layer, a layer of waterproof mulch 2 ... 5 mm thick is placed over the organic-mineral mixture processed, maintain optimal conditions for processing, and after completion of processing, spillage is carried out by sprinkling and the filtrate is collected.  4. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that in order to achieve the air permeability of the mixture, sorbing components are added to it in the amount of 10-60% of the total layer volume.  5. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that in order to speed up the processing processes all components of the horizontal layer are pre-ground to a particle size of 1-2 mm.  6. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that half of the combustible minerals is crushed to a particle size of not more than 2 mm, and the other half to a size of not more than 1 micron.  7. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that maintaining optimal conditions for processing is performed by measuring the temperature and humidity in the room and maintaining the temperature in the room at 20-25 ° C and relative humidity over 65%.  8. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that the completion of processing is determined by the achievement of transparency of the filtrate.  9. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that the collected filtrate is poured into the tank settling tank and kept in it until the sedimentation of suspended particles, then from the crane located above the sediment layer, drain the filtrate  10. A device for producing ecochernozem enriched and concentrated soil solution enriched, containing a room with means for supplying and heating air, a container placed in a room for growing sprouts and a container with a bottom permeable to liquid, inside each of which there is a layer of ecochernozem enriched and recyclable layer from bottom to top organic mixture and a layer of water-resistant mulch, irrigation devices are placed above the tanks, sprout grinders, waste plant are installed outdoors of the sorbent, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the mixer, the other inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the hammer mill and the disintegrator connected by the entrance to the exit of the hammer mill, and a filtrate collector is located under the liquid-permeable bottom of the tank. five  SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)