WO2019198898A1 - Iot-based cultural property displacement monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system (1). The IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system (1) comprises: a sensor unit (3) mounted on an object (2) for sensing position in the three-axis directions of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, acceleration, temperature and humidity, fine dust, and gas leakage; a relay unit (5) for receiving a signal from the sensor unit (3), converting the signal into a low-power long distance communication signal, and transmitting the converted signal; and a server (S) for receiving the low-power communication signal from the relay unit (5) and analyzing data to determine whether the object (2) is inclined and cracked, and transmitting same to a terminal to determine the cracked state even at a remote location, wherein the server (S) comprises: a signal input unit (31) for receiving a signal from the relay unit (5); an inclination determination unit (33) for determining an inclination of a building by analyzing the input signal; a crack determination unit (35) for determining a crack; a strain determination unit (38) for determining strain; a temperature and humidity determination unit (37) for determining whether the reference value of the temperature and humidity are exceeded; and a database (47).

Description

IOT based cultural property displacement monitoring system

The present invention relates to a cultural property displacement monitoring system, and more particularly, to a technology capable of effectively preventing disasters by identifying and displacing cultural property in real time using a low power long distance communication network based on an improved sensor and IOT. It is about.

In general, cultural properties, buildings, bridges, etc., as deformation may occur due to cracking over time, safety diagnosis should be conducted.

Recently, the risk of earthquakes has increased, so it is very important to check the safety of cultural assets during such an earthquake.

Particularly, in case of acid and castle wall, when a large amount of rainwater is infiltrated, the filling phenomenon occurs due to internal earth pressure (soil pressure), and it is frequently collapsed due to earthquakes and heavy snowfall.

In addition, due to the earthquake and heavy snowfall of the wooden building cultural property, the displacement caused by the slope and settlement of the column occurs and collapses. In addition, the wooden building cultural properties, displacement occurs depending on the seasonal temperature and humidity.

Therefore, the safety inspection for these cultural properties is required, and the safety inspection can be performed by various methods periodically, so that the magnetic strength can be improved by visiting the site and visually inspecting it by means of the naked eye, ultrasonic inspection, or spraying magnetic powder. This is done by measuring and checking.

The site visit inspection method uses visual and measurement equipment to check for cracks and leaks, and if a risk factor is identified, additionally performs a precision safety diagnosis to prepare for a safety accident.

However, such a conventional site visit inspection method has a problem that a blind spot occurs because a lot of manpower, time, expensive equipment is mobilized for periodic monitoring, and there is a problem that a safety accident may occur accordingly.

In particular, in areas with hardly accessible human resources, it is inevitable to be neglected from the management target, making accurate displacement measurement difficult.

In addition, the visual inspection of the displacement of the cultural property, there is a problem that the difference occurs depending on the individual competence of the inspector is less reliable for the test results.

Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, an object of the present invention is to use a low-power long-distance communication network based on the improved sensor and IOT to identify the displacement of cultural assets in real time and transmit to a remote location to effectively prevent the disaster To provide.

In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a technology that can be appropriate for each cultural property by evaluating the risk according to each cultural property by dividing the cultural property into stone cultural properties and wooden cultural properties.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention,

A sensor unit (3) mounted on the object (2) for detecting the position, acceleration, temperature and humidity, fine dust, and gas leakage in three axes in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis;

A relay unit 5 which receives a signal from the sensor unit 3, converts it into a low power long distance communication signal, and transmits the signal; And

Receiving a low-power communication signal from the relay unit 5 to analyze the data to determine whether the inclination and cracking of the object (2), and transmits to the terminal includes a server (S) to determine the state of cracking from a remote location,

The server (S) includes a signal input unit (31) for receiving a signal from the relay unit (5), and an inclination determination unit (33) for determining the inclination of the building by analyzing the input signal; A crack determination unit 35 that determines a crack; A stretch determination unit 38 for determining whether or not there is a stretch; A temperature and humidity determination unit 37 for determining whether or not the reference value of the temperature and humidity is exceeded; An IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system 1 including a database 47 is provided.

As described above, the IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention detects the displacement of the cultural property in real time using a low-power long-distance communication network based on an improved sensor and IOT and transmits it to a remote location to effectively prevent a disaster. There is an advantage to prevent.

In addition, by attaching a plurality of sensors of the cultural property, and evaluate the risk of the cultural property according to the measured inclination value, crack value, expansion value, temperature and humidity value, by evaluating the specific gravity of each measured value by different materials such as stone, wood There is an advantage in that the risk of cultural property with a similarity can be evaluated.

1 is a view showing the structure of the IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a structural diagram showing the internal structure of the displacement sensor shown in FIG.

3 is a structural diagram showing the internal structure of the relay unit shown in FIG.

4 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a server shown in FIG. 1.

Figure 5 (a) is a view showing a state in which the displacement sensor shown in Figure 1 is installed in a wooden building, Figure 5 (b) is a view showing a state installed in the wall.

6 is a view showing a monitor output screen of the control room shown in FIG.

7 is a view showing a map displayed on the monitor shown in FIG.

8 is a view schematically showing the internal structure of the abnormality determination unit shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, the IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 6, the IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system 1 proposed by an embodiment of the present invention is installed in a building or a bridge (hereinafter referred to as an object; 3), such as cultural property, cracks, temperature and humidity By detecting vibrations, tilts, etc. in real time to prevent remote accidents.

The IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system (1) is mounted to the object (2) sensor unit for detecting cracks in the three-axis direction of the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis and the like; A relay unit 5 which receives a signal from the sensor unit 3, converts it into a low power long distance communication signal, and transmits the signal; Receiving a low-power communication signal from the relay unit 5, and analyzes the data and transmits to the terminal includes a server (S) to be able to determine the crack state even in the remote.

In the IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system 1 having such a structure,

The sensor unit 3 is mounted at an appropriate position of the object 2 to measure the surrounding crack, temperature and humidity, earthquake, slope and the like.

The sensor unit 3 comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a crack distance sensor, a vibration sensor, a tilt sensor as a unit.

That is, the sensor unit 3 includes a case 4; A tilt sensor (Gyro Sensor) 11 mounted on the case 4 to detect cracks, inclinations, and settlements by detecting inclinations in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions; A geomagnetic sensor 13 for measuring magnetic force; A temperature and humidity sensor 14 for measuring temperature and humidity; A vibration sensor 15 for detecting a movement; An elastic sensor 16 for measuring an elastic degree; MCU (21) for receiving and processing the data measured from the sensors; A first low power communication module (LPWAN) 27; The power supply unit 23 and the antenna 25 is included.

The tilt sensor 11 is a sensor for measuring a change in azimuth using a value of an angular velocity, which is an object's rotational speed, and a method of calculating an angular velocity by converting a Coriolis force generated when the object is rotated into an electrical signal. This is mainly used.

In addition, it is a system that supports two axes of the X axis and the Y axis, and uses a high precision inclinometer.

In addition, since the inclination sensor 11 can know the rotation angle and the inclination of the rotating object, the inclination sensor 11 can be used together with the vibration sensor 15 measuring the acceleration or the impact strength of the object to recognize the movement of the cultural property. have.

The vibration sensor 15 is a sensor that detects vibration and earthquake by measuring an acceleration, which is a change in speed, and an electronic method or a voltage method is mainly used. For example, an electronic vibration sensor measures the amount of movement of a movable part having an appropriate mass by the electromotive force of a magnet and a coil, and a voltage vibration sensor generates a voltage when a pressure is applied. Using a piezoelectric element, the acceleration is measured by the applied pressure.

The vibration sensor 15 may be a sensor of various standards, for example, a D7S Seismic sensor may be used.

In addition, the geomagnetic sensor 13 is a sensor for detecting geomagnetism by the Hall Effect. As the electrons are deflected by the current in the orthogonal conductor and the magnetic field, voltage is generated at both ends of the conductor. By measuring the Hall voltage), the magnitude of the current magnetic field can be determined. The triaxial geomagnetic sensor 13 is mainly used.

The temperature and humidity sensor 14 is provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor integrally, the temperature sensor is a method for sensing the temperature by using the property that the device changes the electrical characteristics according to the temperature. The temperature sensor has a resolution of 0.01 degrees, and a thermocouple, a temperature measuring resistor, a thermistor (NTC), a metal thermometer, and a thermistor (NTC, PTC, CTR) thermoelectric ferrite type temperature sensor are mainly used.

In thermistor type temperature sensor, NTC (Positive Thermal Coefficient) type and PTC Positive Thremal Coefficient (NTC) type are divided into two types. NTC is a method of decreasing resistance as the temperature increases, and PTC increases its resistance as the temperature increases. That's the way

Humidity sensors use various types of humidity sensors, such as the use of changes in electrical resistance or capacitance caused by absorption into porous ceramics or polymer membranes, and the use of changes in the resonant frequency of the vibrator due to the change in weight of the absorbing material installed in the vibrator. Can be used.

Specifically, lithium chloride humidity sensor, electrolytic humidity sensor (P2O5 humidity sensor), polymer membrane humidity sensor, quartz vibration type humidity sensor, aluminum oxide humidity sensor, ceramic humidity sensor, thermistor humidity sensor, microwave humidity sensor, dew condensation sensor, dew point sensor, etc. Include.

This humidity sensor has a resolution of 0.1%.

As such, the data output from the plurality of sensors is transmitted to the MCU 21, and the MCU 21 processes and analyzes the data, so that the cracks, settlements, slopes, temperature and humidity levels, gas leaks, and fines of buildings and the like are processed. The dust concentration, etc. will be measured or judged.

In this case, the MCU 21 refers to a unit that receives data such as a microprocessor and processes and outputs the data. For example, convert each measured value to m, mm, degrees Celsius, degrees Fahrenheit, etc.

As such, the MCU 21 processes the received data, converts the result into a LPWAN signal in a low-power wide area network (LPWAN) 27 and transmits the result to the relay unit 5. At this time, the frequency band is 917-923.5 Mhz.

The relay unit 5 receives the LPWAN signal from the sensor unit 3 and converts the LPWAN signal into an Ethernet or Wifi signal. That is, the relay unit 5 includes a gateway 7 and a low-power wide area network (LPWAN) to convert the WAN signal received from the sensor unit 3 into Ethernet or Wifi to convert the server into a server. Transfer to (S).

At this time, the frequency band is 917-923.5 Mhz.

As described above, in the present application, data is transmitted between the sensor and the relay unit by LPWAN signals, and the short range wireless communication method used in a smart home such as a Zigbee or a beacon, a smart building, or the like is a smart home gateway 7, In order to access an IoT device, it must go through a complicated process such as a smart phone.

However, LPWANs can be directly connected without the hassle of user space, and are mainly applied to outdoor applications requiring a large number of devices.

The low power long distance communication method is a low power wireless wide area network that has a very wide service range of 10 km or more and provides communication speeds of up to several hundred kilobits per second (kbps) or less. It is mainly used as an IoT dedicated network.

The low-power long-distance communication method is classified into LoRaWAN, SIGFOX, LTE-MTC, narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), and the like.

In addition, the low-power long-range communication method is also capable of a mesh network function in which one BLE device transfers information of another BLE device.

It said server (S) receives the data received from the relay unit 5, and the classification and analysis of this data is stored in the database 47. Such a server (S) is arranged in a control room located in a remote place, such that the administrator can determine whether the safety of the cultural property in real time.

That is, the server S includes a signal input unit 31 and an inclination determination unit 33 for analyzing the input signal to determine the inclination of the building; A crack determination unit 35 that determines a crack; A stretch determination unit 38 for determining a degree of expansion; A temperature and humidity determination unit 37 for determining whether or not the reference value of the temperature and humidity is exceeded; Database 47.

The server S refers to a general server 3, which is computer hardware on which the server 3 program is executed. The server S monitors and controls the entire network N such as printer control or file management, Connection to other networks (N) over public networks, sharing software resources such as data, programs, files, modems, faxes, and printers. Support for sharing hardware resources such as other equipment.

And, the server (S) is equipped with a program for performing the cultural property risk assessment proposed in the present invention, the slope determination unit 33, the construction determination unit 38, the temperature and humidity determination unit 37 and In conjunction with the database 47, the risk of cultural property can be evaluated.

At this time, the inclination determination unit 33, the expansion and contraction determination unit 38, and the temperature and humidity determination unit 37 receives the data through the input device and the operation unit through a series of processes through the calculation device to output the electronic unit it means.

The inclination determination unit 33 analyzes the inclination detection sensor 11 or the vibration detection sensor 15 received through the MCU 21 of the sensor unit 3 to determine the inclination degree based on the position value or the acceleration value. do.

As shown in FIG. 5A, in the case of a wooden building, the pillar may be inclined when an external force is applied due to an earthquake or the like. The inclination sensor 11 measures the inclination of the pillar by mounting the sensor unit 3 on the pillar. can do. And the measured inclination data is transmitted to the server S through the relay unit 5, so that the inclination determination unit 33 can calculate the inclination by calculating this inclination value.

And the crack determination part 35 judges the crack of a cultural property, especially the crack of the stone cultural property like a wall.

That is, as shown in Figure 5b, by mounting the two sensor parts (3) on both sides of the cracks generated in the wall, analyzes the data received from the two geomagnetic sensors 13 to determine the relative position of the cracks You can judge.

For example, when the two sensors 13 are attached to both sides of the cracked portion 6, respectively, when the crack occurs, the intensity value of the magnetic force is changed, so that the phase value transmitted from each sensor part is different. Therefore, the server S can recognize that the crack occurred in the corresponding area by receiving and analyzing these two signals.

The stretch determination unit 38 may detect whether the object 2 is stretched when a signal is received from the stretch detection sensor 16.

The temperature-humidity determination unit 37 analyzes the received temperature or humidity data and determines that the temperature and humidity fluctuate beyond the reference range if it is above or below the reference value.

And, the stretch sensor 16 may be additionally mounted. The cultural property is a lot of wooden buildings can be installed by mounting such a stretch sensor 16, such as wooden pillars can detect the degree of expansion of the wood to determine the degree of expansion. At this time, the stretch detection sensor 16 includes a strain gauge and the like.

On the other hand, the server (S) is equipped with software of the open source database and platform-based (GNU / Linux, MariaDB).

It also supports HTTP security and HTTP / 2 protocols, and is equipped with a web application server (WAS) function. It also has a built-in proxy for load balancing and user authentication and permission.

In addition, it supports multiple gates and nodes, and supports interworking of push message clouds.

And, as shown in Figure 7, by supporting the location information service can be linked to the two-dimensional or three-dimensional map.

Therefore, it is possible to grasp in real time the presence of abnormalities for cultural assets scattered throughout the country. In addition, the interactive UI can input and output relevant data, calculate statistics for each cultural property, and output the graphs.

At this time, by collecting data for a certain period of time, such as the slope, cracks, and the like for each cultural property, it is possible to efficiently manage.

That is, as shown in Figure 6, by plotting the graph of the change in the slope for the cultural property can be predicted in the future slope can be prepared in advance.

On the other hand, as another embodiment of the present invention, in the above, the inclination, crack, temperature, humidity, etc. were individually determined by each determination unit, but the present invention is not limited to this, these risks by additionally mounting the abnormality determination unit 45 A comprehensive analysis of the elements can also be used to determine the safety of cultural properties.

That is, as shown in Figure 8, the abnormality determination unit 45 and the determination module 50 to determine and determine the type of cultural property; Computation module 52 for transmitting and receiving signals to the slope determination unit 33, the crack determination unit 35, and the temperature and humidity determination unit 37 to analyze the data input from each determination unit to determine the overall risk of the building or bridge. )and; It includes an output module 54 for outputting the result calculated by the calculation module 52.

The determination module 50 determines whether the object 2 is a stone cultural asset or a wooden cultural asset by the signal received by the signal input unit 31. This can be determined by the identification code given to the sensor unit 3 mounted on the object (2). That is, in the case of a sensor unit mounted on a wooden cultural property, an identification code corresponding to a wooden cultural property is given, and in the case of a sensor unit mounted on a stone cultural property, an identification code corresponding to a stone cultural property is given.

When it is determined that the stone cultural heritage by the determination module 50, the calculation module 52 differentially compares the result values received by the inclination determination unit 33, the crack determination unit 35, and the temperature and humidity determination unit 37. By correcting and calculating, the risk of the entire object is determined.

For example, the specific gravity of the resultant value of the slope determination unit 33 is 40, the specific gravity of the resultant value output from the crack determination unit 35 is 40, and the specific gravity of the resultant value of the temperature and humidity judgment unit 37 is calculated at the ratio of 20. do.

This is expressed as a formula below.

Overall Risk = (Crack Value * 0.4) + (Ramp Value * 0.4) + (Temperature Humidity Value * 0.2)

Therefore, the overall risk is calculated by setting the specific gravity higher than the result of the inclination and crack determination unit 33, 35 than the result of the temperature and humidity.

As a result, when calculating the overall risk of cultural properties, the settlement and cracking degree are considered higher.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the wooden cultural assets by the determination module 50, the calculation module 52 evaluates the overall risk according to the following formula.

That is, in the case of wooden cultural properties, the range of expansion and contraction is greater than that of stone cultural properties, so the calculation is performed by reflecting the expansion and reception values received from the stretching sensors.

For example, the specific gravity of the resultant value of the inclination determination unit 33 is 30, the specific gravity of the resultant value output from the crack determination unit 35 is 30, the specific gravity of the result value of the expansion and contraction determination unit 38 is 20, and the temperature and humidity judgment unit ( The specific gravity of the resultant value in 37) is calculated at the ratio of 20.

Overall Risk = (Crack Value * 0.3) + (Ramp Value * 0.3) + (Expansion Value * 0.2) + (Temperature Humidity Value * 0.2)

On the other hand, as another embodiment of the present invention, and when the present invention is applied to the architectural cultural property, the building is composed of various materials such as wooden pillars, tiled roofs, wooden doors, the slope of each configuration, degree of cracking, The degree of deformation of the temperature and humidity is different.

Therefore, the risk is judged by relatively applying the inclination value, the crack value, and the temperature and humidity value for each component.

The database 47 stores and stores data processed by the server. For example, data about IDs, MACs, names, types, X coordinates, and Y coordinates of a plurality of sensors mounted in cultural assets scattered throughout the country. Receive and save.

The data processed by the server S is displayed as a table, a graph, etc. through the display C such as a monitor, so that the user can visually check the current state.

Then, the user can mount the relevant app (App.) On the smartphone A, and activate the app to connect to the server (S) to monitor in real time whether the cultural property slope, cracks, temperature and humidity.

The present invention relates to a cultural property displacement monitoring system, and more particularly, to a technology capable of effectively preventing disasters by identifying and displacing cultural property in real time using a low power long distance communication network based on an improved sensor and IOT. Related to the cultural property monitoring industry.

Claims (4)

A sensor unit (3) mounted on the object (2) for detecting the position, acceleration, temperature and humidity, fine dust, and gas leakage in three axes in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis; A relay unit 5 which receives a signal from the sensor unit 3, converts it into a low power long distance communication signal, and transmits the signal; And Receiving a low-power communication signal from the relay unit 5 to analyze the data to determine whether the inclination and cracking of the object (2), and transmits to the terminal includes a server (S) to determine the state of cracking from a remote location, The server (S) includes a signal input unit (31) for receiving a signal from the relay unit (5), and an inclination determination unit (33) for determining the inclination of the building by analyzing the input signal; A crack determination unit 35 that determines a crack; A stretch determination unit 38 for determining whether or not there is a stretch; A temperature and humidity determination unit 37 for determining whether or not the reference value of the temperature and humidity is exceeded; IOT based cultural property displacement monitoring system (1) comprising a database (47). The method of claim 1, The sensor unit 3 includes a case 4; A tilt sensor (Gyro Sensor) 11 mounted on the case 4 to detect cracks, inclinations, and settlements by detecting inclinations in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions; A geomagnetic sensor 13 for measuring magnetic force; A temperature and humidity sensor 14 for measuring temperature and humidity; Stretch detection sensor 16 for sensing the stretch; A vibration sensor 15 for detecting a movement; MCU (21) for receiving and processing the data measured from the sensors; A first low power communication module (LPWAN) 27; IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system (1) comprising a power supply (23) and an antenna (25). The method of claim 2, The server (S) further includes a problem determination unit 45, The abnormality determination unit 45 includes a determination module 50 for determining and determining the type of cultural property; Computation module 52 for transmitting and receiving signals to the slope determination unit 33, the crack determination unit 35, and the temperature and humidity determination unit 37 to analyze the data input from each determination unit to determine the overall risk of the building or bridge. )and; An output module 54 for outputting the result calculated by the calculation module 52, Judgment module 50 is the IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system for determining the risk of the object by the following equation if determined as a stone cultural property. Overall Risk = (Crack Value * 0.4) + (Ramp Value * 0.4) + (Temperature Humidity Value * 0.2) The method of claim 3, wherein The abnormality determination unit 45 grasps the type of cultural property, and if it is determined as a wooden cultural property, IOT-based cultural property displacement monitoring system to determine the risk of the entire building or bridge by the following formula. Overall Risk = (Crack Value * 0.3) + (Ramp Value * 0.3) + (Expansion Value * 0.2) + (Temperature Humidity Value * 0.2)

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