WO2019186925A1 - 作業システム及び作業方法 - Google Patents
作業システム及び作業方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019186925A1 WO2019186925A1 PCT/JP2018/013347 JP2018013347W WO2019186925A1 WO 2019186925 A1 WO2019186925 A1 WO 2019186925A1 JP 2018013347 W JP2018013347 W JP 2018013347W WO 2019186925 A1 WO2019186925 A1 WO 2019186925A1
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- Prior art keywords
- work
- unit
- transport unit
- workpiece
- transport
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/001—Article feeders for assembling machines
- B23P19/002—Article feeders for assembling machines orientating the articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/008—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes the parts being continuously transported through the machine during assembling or disassembling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
- B23P21/004—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control the units passing two or more work-stations whilst being composed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
- B23P21/004—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control the units passing two or more work-stations whilst being composed
- B23P21/006—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control the units passing two or more work-stations whilst being composed the conveying means comprising a rotating table
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
- B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G37/00—Combinations of mechanical conveyors of the same kind, or of different kinds, of interest apart from their application in particular machines or use in particular manufacturing processes
- B65G37/02—Flow-sheets for conveyor combinations in warehouses, magazines or workshops
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a work system for performing a predetermined work on a work and a work method using the work system.
- Patent Document 1 there is known a work system that includes a plurality of work stations including work units that perform a predetermined work on a work and performs a plurality of work continuously.
- the work time at the work station is long, and the desired cycle time may not be satisfied.
- two or three work stations that perform the same work are arranged in parallel and the work is simultaneously performed on a plurality of works.
- the number of workpieces processed per unit time increases, so that the substantial cycle time can be shortened.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an example of a conventional work system.
- a predetermined work is performed on the work W-1 (W) at the work station 100A1, and the work W after the work is transported along the transport direction of the arrow F to the next work stations 100B and 100C (next process).
- Each of the work stations 100A to 100C includes a transfer line 111 that transfers the workpiece W along the transfer direction F, a positioning unit 130a to 130c that stops the workpiece W transferred by the transfer line 111 at a predetermined position, and a positioning unit 130a.
- two work stations 100 having a long cycle time are arranged in parallel.
- a branch line is formed by the transport units 112a1 to 112a3 with respect to the transport line 111, and the work station 100A2 is disposed on the transport unit 112a2 in the branch line.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, has a good productivity, and can reduce the installation area and dead space of equipment in a factory, and uses this work system.
- the purpose is to provide a working method.
- One aspect of the present invention is a work system that performs a predetermined work on a workpiece to be transported, and a first work station that performs a predetermined work on the work and a downstream of the first work station. And a second work station that performs a predetermined work on the work, and the first work station is juxtaposed with the first transport unit for transporting the work and the first transport unit.
- a second transport unit that transports the work, a first positioning unit that positions the work transported by the first transport unit at a predetermined position in the first work station, and the first positioning unit
- a first work unit that performs a predetermined work on the workpiece positioned on the transport unit, and the second work stay
- a third transport unit that transports the workpiece, a fourth transport unit that is juxtaposed to the third transport unit and transports the workpiece, and the workpiece transported by the fourth transport unit is the first transport unit.
- a second positioning unit for positioning at a predetermined position in the two work stations; and a second working unit for performing a predetermined work on the workpiece positioned on the fourth transport unit by the second positioning unit.
- the third transport unit is connected downstream of the first transport unit
- the fourth transport unit is connected downstream of the second transport unit.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a work method using the work system, wherein a first work among a plurality of the work is transported to the first transport unit of the first work station, and the first work is performed. Positioning the workpiece by the first positioning unit, performing the predetermined operation on the first workpiece by the first operation unit, and the first workpiece from the first transport unit, A step of passing the second work station by a third transfer unit, a step of passing a second work of the plurality of works through the first work station by the second transfer unit, and the second transfer The second workpiece from the unit is transferred to the fourth transfer unit of the second work station, and the second workpiece is transferred to the second positioning unit. More positioning, and a step of applying said predetermined work by said second working unit with respect to the second workpiece.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a positional relationship between work devices 10A and 10B provided in the work system 50.
- FIG. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the detailed structure of 10 A of working apparatuses with which the working system 50 is equipped, Comprising: The state which attached the partition member 15 is shown.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a production line using the work system 50 according to the present embodiment.
- the starting point side (left side in FIG. 1) may be referred to as the upstream side
- the end point side (right side in FIG. 1) may be referred to as the downstream side.
- the work system 50 is mainly composed of work stations 10A and 10B.
- a production line is configured by connecting a plurality of work stations 10C, 10D to the work system 50.
- work is performed at each work station 10A to 10D with respect to the work W transported by the transport units 14A to 14F.
- a conveyor such as a free flow conveyor or a roller conveyor can be used.
- the work stations 10A to 10D are arranged in series along the conveyance direction of the workpiece W. Further, the turntable 20A is upstream of the transport unit 14A, the turntable 20B is upstream of the transport unit 14B, the turntable 20C is between the transport unit 14C and the transport unit 14E, and the turntable 20D is downstream of the transport unit 14D. Has been placed.
- the downstream ends of the transport units 14A and 14B of the upstream work station 10A are connected to the upstream ends of the transport units 14C and 14D of the downstream work station 10B. Work stations 10A and 10B are arranged close to each other.
- Two transport units 14A and 14B are juxtaposed on the work station 10A.
- Two transport units 14C and 14D are juxtaposed on the work station 10B.
- one transport unit 14E and 14F is arranged in each of the work stations 10C and 10D.
- a positioning unit 12A (12), which will be described later, is disposed on one of the two transport units 14A or 14B of the work station 10A.
- a positioning unit 12B (12) described later is disposed on one of the two transport units 14D or 14C of the work station 10B.
- the positioning unit 12 is disposed on one of the connected transport units.
- the positioning unit 12A is provided in the transport unit 14A on the line L1
- the positioning unit 12B is provided in the transport unit 14D on the line L2.
- the transport units 14E and 14F of the work stations 10C and 10D also include positioning units 12C and 12D.
- the transport path of the workpiece W in this production line is formed by the transport units 14A to 14F provided in the work stations 10A to 10D. More specifically, the first transport lane L1 is formed by arranging the transport units 14A, 14C, 14E, and 14F on a straight line. Further, the second transport lane L2 is formed by arranging the transport units 14B and 14D on a straight line. The second transport lane L2 is arranged in parallel to the first transport lane L1.
- turntables 20A and 20C are provided at two locations on the first transport lane L1.
- turntables 20B and 20D are provided at two locations on the second transport lane L2.
- the turntables 20A and 20C on the first transfer lane L1 and the turntables 20B and 20D on the second transfer lane L2 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the workpiece W can be transferred between them.
- a transport unit (not shown) may be provided between the turntables 20A and 20B and between the turntables 20C and 20D as necessary. Therefore, an arbitrary workpiece W among the plurality of workpieces W transported on the first transport lane L1 is branched from the first transport lane L1 to the second transport lane L2 and transported.
- the traveling direction of the workpiece W is changed by 90 ° on the turntable 20A, and the workpiece W is transferred to the turntable 20B adjacent thereto. Then, the traveling direction of the workpiece W is changed by 90 ° again along the conveyance direction F by the turntable 20B, and the workpiece W is conveyed on the second conveyance lane L2.
- the traveling direction of the workpiece W is changed by 90 ° toward the first conveyance lane L1 on the turntable 20D, and the workpiece is transferred to the turntable 20C. W gets on. Furthermore, the work W is again transported on the first transport lane L ⁇ b> 1 by the turntable 20 ⁇ / b> C changing the traveling direction of the work W by 90 ° again along the transport direction F.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the positional relationship between the work stations 10A and 10B in the work system 50.
- 3 and 4 are perspective views for explaining the detailed structure of the work station 10A.
- FIG. 3 shows a state in which the partition member 15 is attached
- FIG. 4 shows a state in which the partition member 15 is removed.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the transport unit 14A provided in the work station 10A. 2 to 5, X and Y represent two orthogonal directions in the horizontal plane, and Z represents a normal direction to the horizontal plane including X and Y.
- the work station 10 ⁇ / b> A includes a plurality of partition members 15 that partition the work space S and an external space outside the work space S, a frame body 11 on which each partition member 15 is mounted, and a frame body. 11, a positioning unit 12A (12) that holds the workpiece W at a predetermined position in the work space S, and a work tool 13a for the workpiece W that is supported by the frame body 11 and held by the positioning unit 12A.
- the two panel bodies located at both ends in the X direction of the XZ plane among the partition members 15 are shared panel bodies provided with a plurality of shared mounting portions 15a to which the opening / closing member 16 and the device mounting member 17 are mounted selectively. is there.
- the work station 10A further includes a control device 18 that performs high-order control of all the devices included in the work station 10A, and two transfer units 14A that enable transfer of the work W between the work space S and the external space. 14B.
- the frame body 11 includes a base 11a, a plurality of columns 11b supported on the base 11a, and a plurality of beams 11c supported on the upper ends of the columns 11b.
- the base 11a is comprised with the flat plate which has a rectangular horizontal surface. This horizontal plane is the upper surface of the base 11a and is an installation surface on which each member of the work station 10A is installed.
- the longitudinal direction of the horizontal plane of the base 11a is referred to as the X direction
- the short direction is referred to as the Y direction
- the direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to the horizontal plane (XY plane) of the base 11a is referred to as the Z direction. is there.
- a plurality of pillars 11b extending in the vertical direction are erected on the horizontal surface of the base 11a.
- two columns 11b are arranged along each long side of the horizontal plane of the base 11a, and a total of four columns 11b are erected on the horizontal plane.
- a pair of beams 11c extending in the X direction are supported by the two columns 11b, respectively. Both ends of the pair of beams 11c extending in the X direction are connected via a pair of beams 11c extending in the Y direction to form a rectangular frame.
- An X-axis rail 11c1 is provided on each upper surface of the beam 11c extending in the X direction along the X direction.
- the frame body 11 is provided with a partition member mounting portion to which each partition member 15 is mounted. By attaching each partition member 15 to the partition member mounting portion, the work space S and the outer space outside thereof are partitioned.
- the base 11a, the column 11b, and the beam 11c of the frame body 11 correspond to a partition member mounting portion.
- the work space S is a space where a predetermined work is performed on the workpiece W, and is a space surrounded by the partition member 15 in the X direction and the Y direction.
- a direction toward the inside of the work space S is referred to as an X direction inward
- a direction outward from the work space S is referred to as an X direction outward.
- surrounding with the partition member 15 includes surrounding with the partition member 15 that is partially opened in addition to surrounding with the partition member 15 without a gap.
- two support bases 11x1 and 11x2 are provided on the horizontal surface of the base 11a.
- the transport unit 14A is supported on one of the support bases 11x1 and 11x2, and the transport unit 14B is supported on the other.
- the work unit 13 is supported on the pair of beams 11c while being movable along the X direction by the pair of X-axis rails 11c1. Since the work unit 13 works on the workpiece W on the transport unit 14A, the movement range in the X direction is limited to the range necessary for working on the work W on the transport unit 14A. Also good.
- a control device support surface 11a1 that supports the control device 18 is formed at an end portion along the X direction (left side in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4) in the horizontal plane of the base 11a. With this control device support surface 11a1, the control device 18 can be installed outside the work space S (external space).
- the work unit 13 of this embodiment includes a work tool 13a, a pair of X-axis sliders 13b, a Y-axis guide 13c, a Y-axis slider 13d, and a Z-axis guide 13e.
- the pair of X-axis sliders 13b is supported so as to be movable along an X-axis rail 11c1 provided on the beam 11c.
- Each of the pair of X-axis sliders 13b includes an X-axis drive motor (not shown) serving as a drive source.
- a Y-axis guide 13c extending in the Y direction is straddled on the pair of X-axis sliders 13b.
- the Y-axis slider 13d includes a Y-axis drive motor (not shown) serving as a drive source for moving the Y-axis slider 13d.
- the Y-axis slider 13d By driving the Y-axis drive motor, the Y-axis slider 13d is moved along the Y-axis guide 13c, thereby moving the Z-axis guide 13e.
- the X-axis slider 13b, the Y-axis guide 13c, and the Y-axis slider 13d constitute a plane moving mechanism that freely moves the work tool 13a along the horizontal plane (XY plane).
- the work unit 13 further includes a Z-axis slider 13f and a rotation mechanism 13g.
- a Z-axis slider 13f is attached to the Z-axis guide 13e so as to be movable along the Z direction.
- the Z-axis slider 13f is moved along the Z direction by a Z-axis drive motor (not shown).
- a rotation mechanism 13g is provided at the lower end in the Z direction of the Z-axis slider 13f.
- the rotation mechanism 13g holds the work tool 13a so as to be rotatable around the central axis (Z axis) of the Z axis slider 13f extending in the Z direction.
- the Y-axis slider 13d, the Z-axis guide 13e, and the Z-axis slider 13f constitute a vertical plane moving mechanism that freely moves the work tool 13a along the vertical plane (YZ plane).
- a moving unit 13x (first moving unit) that holds the work tool 13a movable in the X, Y, and Z directions and rotated about the Z axis by the plane moving mechanism, the vertical surface moving mechanism, and the rotating mechanism 13g. , A second moving unit) is configured. According to such a work unit 13, a predetermined work can be performed on the work W on the transport unit 14A held by the positioning unit 12A using the work tool 13a.
- a nut runner that performs screw tightening on the workpiece W can be cited.
- a press-fitting head for press-fitting parts into the work W an assembling head for assembling parts into the work W, an application head for applying an adhesive or a sealant to the work W, and the work W and other parts Examples include assembly robots to be combined.
- the work stations 10A and 10B function as a press-fitting device.
- the work stations 10A and 10B function as an assembly apparatus.
- the work stations 10A and 10B function as a coating device.
- the work tool 13a is an assembly robot (for example, a vertical 6-axis robot or a double-arm robot)
- the work stations 10A and 10B function as an assembly device.
- a reversing unit that reverses the front and back of the workpiece W may be provided as another work tool.
- the work W is reversed by the reversing unit so that the back side of the work W is the upper surface, and screw tightening is performed from above the work W by a nut runner.
- the work W may be reversed again by the reversing machine so that the surface side of the work W is the upper surface, and then the positioning of the work W may be released and the conveyance of the work W may be started again.
- the work W transported on the transport unit 14 ⁇ / b> A is positioned by the positioning unit 12 ⁇ / b> A, and then the work W is operated by the work unit 13 ⁇ / b> A.
- another workpiece W can be freely conveyed on the conveyance unit 14B juxtaposed to the conveyance unit 14A.
- the control device 18 controls the movement range of each movement mechanism of each work unit 13A so that the work range (movable range) of the work unit 13A does not interfere with the upper region of the transport unit 14B. It is.
- each of the support bases 11x1 and 11x2 is a frame that is accommodated in the work space S and placed on the horizontal surface of the base 11a.
- the two support bases 11x are installed side by side in the X direction.
- a transport unit 14A is provided on the support base 11x1 on the back side in the X direction
- a transport unit 14B is provided on the support base 11x2 on the front side in the X direction.
- the transport unit 14A and the transport unit 14B are configured by roller conveyors, and transport the pallet on which the workpiece W is placed along the Y direction (the transport direction F of the workpiece W).
- Each transport unit 14 is arranged in the work space S so as to face an opening 15b described later in the Y direction.
- the transport unit 14A is provided with a positioning unit 12A, and the workpiece W transported in the first transport lane L1 is positioned in the work space S by the positioning unit 12A. Is done.
- another workpiece W transported on the transport unit 14B passes through the second transport lane L2 as it is without being positioned. That is, the work W transported by the transport unit 14G of the work station (not shown) is branched from the first transport lane L1 and guided to the second transport lane L2, and is transported on the transport unit 14B. Thereafter, the workpiece W carried into the work station 10A is directly carried to the transfer unit 14D (work station 10B) without being worked at the work station 10A.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the support base 11x1 and the transport unit 14A.
- the support base 11x1 supports the transport unit 14A and the positioning unit 12A.
- the positioning unit 12A is fixed to the support base 11x1 via a bracket or the like (not shown). Alternatively, the positioning unit 12A may be directly fixed to the base 11a shown in FIG.
- any positioning unit that is conventionally used as a stopper for a conveyor or the like can be used as the positioning unit 12A, and examples thereof include an air drive stopper and an electric stopper.
- the preferred positioning unit 12A is an electric stopper that does not require the arrangement or handling of an air hose.
- the pallet P is positioned by bringing the positioning unit 12A into contact with the pallet P transported by the transport unit 14A.
- the workpiece W placed on the pallet P is defined by a plurality of pins P1 formed on the upper surface of the pallet P, the workpiece W is also positioned by positioning the pallet P by the positioning unit 12A. Will be.
- Each partition member 15 includes a plurality of panel bodies 15A to 15D as shown in FIG.
- Each of the panel bodies 15A to 15D is attached to the frame body 11, thereby forming a wall surface that partitions the work space S from the external space.
- partitioning means a virtual plane that connects between the wall surfaces constituting the partition member 15, the extended surfaces of the wall surfaces, and the edges of the opposing wall surfaces. Means that the work space S is specified.
- the two panel bodies 15A located at both ends in the X direction are formed with a common mounting portion 15a on which the opening / closing member 16 and the device mounting member 17 are mounted selectively, and have a common outer dimension.
- the common external dimension means that the dimension on the plane which divides at least between the working space S and external space is the same.
- Each shared mounting portion 15a also has the same shape and size.
- a panel body 15B having the same outer dimensions as those of the two panel bodies 15A is disposed next to each of the two panel bodies 15A.
- a horizontally long panel body 15C is disposed above the panel bodies 15A and 15B adjacent to each other. Further, a horizontally long panel body 15D is disposed on the opening 15b formed between the pair of panel bodies 15B.
- the partition members 15 those arranged along the XZ plane on the back side of the drawing also have substantially the same arrangement configuration as that on the front side of the drawing.
- the panel body 15B is provided in place of the panel body 15A on the XZ plane on the back side of the drawing.
- the panel bodies 15A to 15D are attached to the base 11a, the pillar 11b, and the beam 11c.
- the opening 15b is a horizontally long rectangular space formed by the lower edge of the panel body 15D, each side edge of the pair of panel bodies 15B, and the upper surface of the base 11a, and the XZ plane and the paper surface on the front side of the paper surface. It is formed at the same position when viewed from the conveyance direction F on both the back XZ plane.
- the work space S and the external space communicate with each other through these two openings 15b.
- the work W is put in and out of both the conveying units 14A and 14B. Is possible.
- each partition member 15 is demonstrated.
- two panel bodies 15B arranged side by side in the Y direction on the base 11a and a panel body 15C arranged on these panel bodies 15B are provided.
- These panel bodies 15B and 15C in the YZ plane are the same as the panel bodies 15B and 15C in the XZ plane.
- Each panel body 15B, 15C is attached to the base 11a and the beam 11c.
- the panel body 15B, 15C is also provided on the side where the control device 18 is provided, but this is also the surface covered by the control device 18, so only this surface is provided.
- the panel bodies 15B and 15C may be omitted.
- the opening / closing member 16 mounted on the shared mounting portion 15a in a mutually selective manner opens and closes the opening 15ax formed in the shared mounting portion 15a.
- the opening 15ax communicates the work space S and the external space, and serves as an entrance when the worker enters and exits the work space S.
- a door is used as the opening / closing member 16, but a shutter or the like may be used instead of the door.
- a control device 17a (for example, a positioning unit 12 and a work unit 13) that controls input devices and output devices (not shown) used in the work station 10A is attached to the device mounting member 17 that is mounted on the shared mounting portion 15a in a mutually selective manner.
- the control device 17a include a control device that amplifies an input signal of the sensor and diagnoses an operation state, and an electromagnetic valve that switches a pressure operation to the pressure cylinder.
- the operator controls various devices included in the work station 10A such as the positioning unit 12 and the work unit 13 by operating the control device 17a outside the work space S.
- the control device 18 is placed on the base 11a in the external space.
- the control device 18 is adjacent to the partition member 15 or the work space S so as to partition the work space S from the external space.
- the control device 18 performs high-level control of all devices included in the work station 10A, such as the positioning unit 12A, the work unit 13, and the transport units 14A and 14B.
- the control device 18 is a casing that houses a switch that controls the power supplied to the equipment included in the work station 10A, a distributor, a breaker, a controller including an operation program for the work station 10A, and the like. is there.
- the work station 10A disposed on the downstream side of the work station 10A also has the same structure, but differs in configuration in the following points. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, in the work station 10A, the positioning unit 12A is disposed on the base 11x1 on the back side of the X axis, whereas in the work station 10B, the positioning unit 12B is provided on the base 11x2 on the near side of the X axis. Is placed.
- a work method using the work system 50 described above that is, a procedure for performing a predetermined work on a plurality of works W will be described below.
- the first workpiece W is first supplied, and then the second workpiece W is supplied, and both the first workpiece W and the second workpiece W are supplied.
- a case where a predetermined work is performed will be described.
- the predetermined work performed on the first work W and the predetermined work performed on the second work are performed in parallel with a slight time difference.
- the first work W is first performed.
- the second workpiece W will be described.
- the first work W transported from the upstream side in the transport direction F by the transport unit 14G of the work station (not shown) in the first lane L1 shown in FIG. 1 passes through the turntable 20A and is guided to the transport unit 14A. It is burned. Thereafter, the first workpiece W is carried into the work station 10A and positioned by the positioning unit 12A provided in the transport unit 14A. Thereafter, a predetermined work is performed on the first workpiece W by the work unit 13A (13).
- the positioning of the first work W after the completion of the predetermined work is released by the positioning unit 12, the transport unit 14A starts the transport again, and the first work W is guided to the transport unit 14B of the work station 10B.
- the first workpiece W is passed as it is without being positioned in the work station 10B, and is transferred to the outside of the work station 10B.
- the first workpiece W further passes through the next turntable 20C and is transferred onto the transfer unit 14E of the work station 10C.
- the first work W is positioned at the work station 10C, and a work different from the work performed at the work station 10A is performed on the first work W.
- the first work W for which the predetermined work at the work station 10C has been completed is guided to the transport unit 14F via the transport unit 14E. Thereafter, the first workpiece W is carried into the work station 10D.
- the first work W is positioned by the positioning unit 12D in the work station 10D, and a work different from the work performed so far is performed on the first work W.
- the first work W for which the predetermined work at the work station 10D has been completed is transported on the first lane L1 along the transport direction F via the transport unit 14F.
- the work time of the work station 10A is too long, resulting in a production bottleneck, and the work station 10A alone may not meet the desired cycle time.
- the work system 50 places the work stations 10A and 10B adjacent to each other.
- the control devices 18 and 18 are provided with the transport units 14A to 14D, the positioning units 12A and 12B, and the work unit 13A. , 13B and the like are controlled and operated so that the work on the two workpieces W can be performed almost simultaneously.
- the work stations 10A and 10B are adjacently arranged (in series). Thereby, when the work system 50 and the two work stations 100A1 and 100A2 shown in FIG. 7 are compared, the installation area of equipment in the factory can be greatly reduced. Further, when the production line using the work system 50 shown in FIG. 1 is compared with the production line shown in FIG. 7, the dead space in the factory (shaded area in FIGS. 1 and 7) can be greatly reduced. .
- the door position and the like can be changed.
- the attachment positions of the opening / closing member 16 and the device attachment member 17 in the work station 10 ⁇ / b> A may be opposite to each other (symmetrical). Accordingly, the distance between the work stations 10A and 10B can be further reduced, and the worker can freely access the work stations 10A and 10B without causing the doors to interfere with each other.
- the work stations 10A and 10B may be closely arranged without a gap. By applying such a configuration to a plurality of work stations, the installation area of the work system can be further reduced.
- the partition member 15 is not limited to only the plurality of panel bodies 15A to 15D, and may be, for example, a wire net that is mounted (supported) on the frame body 11 to partition the work space S and the external space.
- the frame body 11 may be only the base 11a, and the partition member 15 may be self-supporting on the installation surface of the base 11a.
- the base 11a corresponds to the partition member mounting portion.
- a columnar support member (not shown) vertically provided on the installation surface of the base 11a is provided as a part of the frame body 11, and the side surface of the columnar support member is provided.
- a partition member 15 may be attached.
- the configuration of the work unit 13 is not limited to the above configuration, and can be changed as appropriate according to the content of the work to be performed.
- an articulated robot may be used as the work unit 13
- a partial region of the base 11a where the articulated robot is installed may be used as the work unit support unit.
- conveyors are illustrated as the respective transport units 14A to 14F, not only the conveyors but also self-propelled transport vehicles may be used. Further, only a part of the transport units 14A to 14F may be self-propelled transport vehicles.
- the “predetermined work” in the above description is not limited to one work (action), and may include a plurality of works (actions).
- the example in which the work W is branched from the first transport lane L1 to the branch line (second transport lane L2) that is, an example in which there are two parallel transport lanes has been described.
- work stations are added by the number of branch lines, these work stations are arranged in series along the transport direction F and adjacent to each other, and all the transport units can be inserted into each work station.
- One opening may be formed.
- the number of work stations constituting the work system 50 is preferably two or three.
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Abstract
Description
この種の作業システムでは、作業ステーションでの作業時間が長く、所望のサイクルタイムを満たせない場合がある。このとき、同じ作業を行う作業ステーションを並列に2基、3基、・・・と配置し、複数のワークに同時に作業を行う手法を採ることがある。これによって、単位時間当たりのワークの処理数が増えるため、実質的なサイクルタイムを短くすることができる。
本発明の一態様は、搬送されるワークに対して所定の作業を行う作業システムであって、前記ワークに対して所定の作業を行う第1作業ステーションと、前記第1作業ステーションの下流に直列配置され、前記ワークに対して所定の作業を行う第2作業ステーションと、を備え、前記第1作業ステーションが、前記ワークを搬送する第1搬送ユニットと、前記第1搬送ユニットに対し並置されて前記ワークを搬送する第2搬送ユニットと、前記第1搬送ユニットにより搬送される前記ワークを前記第1作業ステーション内の所定位置に位置決めする第1位置決めユニットと、前記第1位置決めユニットによって前記第1搬送ユニット上に位置決めされた前記ワークに対して所定の作業を行う第1作業ユニットと、を備え、前記第2作業ステーションが、前記ワークを搬送する第3搬送ユニットと、前記第3搬送ユニットに対し並置され、前記ワークを搬送する第4搬送ユニットと、前記第4搬送ユニットにより搬送される前記ワークを前記第2作業ステーション内の所定位置に位置決めする第2位置決めユニットと、前記第2位置決めユニットによって前記第4搬送ユニット上に位置決めされた前記ワークに対して所定の作業を行う第2作業ユニットと、を備え、前記第1搬送ユニットの下流に前記第3搬送ユニットが接続され、前記第2搬送ユニットの下流に前記第4搬送ユニットが接続されている。
図1は、本実施形態に係る作業システム50を用いた生産ラインの一例を示す平面図である。以下の説明では、図1に矢印で示す搬送方向Fにおいて、起点側(図1中では左側)を上流側と称し、終点側(図1中では右側)を下流側と称する場合がある。
この作業システム50は、主に作業ステーション10A、10Bで構成される。この作業システム50に、複数の作業ステーション10C、10Dを接続することで、生産ラインが構成される。この生産ラインでは、各搬送ユニット14A~14Fによって搬送されるワークWに対して、各作業ステーション10A~10Dにおいて作業を行う。これら搬送ユニット14A~14Fとしては、コンベア、例えばフリーフローコンベアやローラコンベアなどを用いることが出来る。
また、搬送ユニット14Aの上流側にターンテーブル20A、搬送ユニット14Bの上流側にターンテーブル20B、搬送ユニット14Cと搬送ユニット14Eとの間にターンテーブル20C、搬送ユニット14Dの下流側にターンテーブル20Dが配置されている。
そして、作業ステーション10A、10Bにおいては、上流側の作業ステーション10Aの搬送ユニット14A、14Bの下流端と、下流側の作業ステーション10Bの搬送ユニット14C、14Dの上流端とが接続され、2基の作業ステーション10A、10Bが互いに近接して配置されている。
作業ステーション10Aの2台の搬送ユニット14Aまたは14Bの一方に、後述する位置決めユニット12A(12)が配置されている。また、作業ステーション10Bの2台の搬送ユニット14Dまたは14Cの一方に、後述する位置決めユニット12B(12)が配置されている。
ここで、図1に示すように、作業ステーション10A,10B間では、接続している搬送ユニット14の一方に位置決めユニット12が配置されている。すなわち、作業ステーション10Aにおいては、ラインL1上の搬送ユニット14Aに位置決めユニット12Aが設けられ、作業ステーション10Bにおいては、ラインL2上の搬送ユニット14Dに位置決めユニット12Bが設けられている。また、作業ステーション10C,10Dのそれぞれの搬送ユニット14E、14Fも、位置決めユニット12C,12Dを備えている。
より具体的には、搬送ユニット14A、14C、14E、14Fが直線上に並ぶことにより、第1搬送レーンL1が形成されている。
また、搬送ユニット14B、14Dが直線上に並ぶことにより、第2搬送レーンL2が形成されている。第2搬送レーンL2は、第1搬送レーンL1に対して平行に配置されている。
なお、図2は、作業システム50における作業ステーション10A,10Bの位置関係を示す斜視図である。図3及び図4は、作業ステーション10Aの詳細構造を説明するための斜視図であって、図3が仕切り部材15を取り付けた状態を示し、また図4は仕切り部材15を取り外した状態を示す。図5は、作業ステーション10Aに備わる搬送ユニット14Aの斜視図である。図2~図5中におけるX,Y,Zの内、X,Yは水平面における直交する二方向を表し、ZはX,Yを含む水平面に対する法線方向を表している。
仕切り部材15のうちXZ平面のX方向両端に位置する2つのパネル体は、開閉部材16及び機器取付部材17が相互選択的に装着される複数の共有装着部15aが設けられた共有パネル体である。
作業ユニット13は、一対のX軸レール11c1によりX方向に沿って移動可能な状態で、一対の梁11c上に支持されている。なお、作業ユニット13は搬送ユニット14A上のワークWに対して作業を行うため、X方向における移動範囲を、搬送ユニット14A上のワークWに対して作業を行うために必要な範囲に制限してもよい。
また、ベース11aの水平面のうち、X方向に沿った端部(図3,図4の紙面左側)に、制御装置18を支持する制御装置支持面11a1が形成されている。この制御装置支持面11a1により、作業空間Sの外(外部空間)に制御装置18を設置することができる。
また、ワークWの表裏を反転させる反転ユニットを、別の作業ツールとして備えていてもよい。
このような構成を採用することで、例えば、図2に示すように、搬送ユニット14A上を搬送されるワークWを、位置決めユニット12Aで位置決めした後、当該ワークWに対して作業ユニット13Aにより作業を行っている際に、搬送ユニット14Aに並置された搬送ユニット14B上を、別のワークWを自由に搬送させることができる。これは、作業ユニット13Aの作業範囲(可動範囲)が搬送ユニット14Bの上方領域と干渉しないように、制御装置18が各作業ユニット13Aの各移動機構における移動範囲を制限する制御を行っているためである。
図5に示すように、支持台11x1は、搬送ユニット14Aと、位置決めユニット12Aとを支持している。位置決めユニット12Aは、図示しないブラケット等を介して支持台11x1に固定される。または、位置決めユニット12Aは、図4に示すベース11aに直接固定するようにしてもよい。
このXZ平面において、X方向両端に位置する2つのパネル体15Aは、開閉部材16及び機器取付部材17が相互選択的に装着される共有装着部15aが形成されており、共通の外形寸法を有する。なお、ここで言う共通の外形寸法とは、少なくとも作業空間Sと外部空間との間を区画する平面上における寸法が同一であることを意味する。また、各共有装着部15aも、同一の形状及びサイズを有する。
また、2つのパネル体15Aそれぞれの隣に、これらパネル体15Aと同一の外形寸法を持つパネル体15Bが配置されている。これら互いに隣り合うパネル体15A,15Bの上部に、横長のパネル体15Cが配置されている。さらに、一対のパネル体15B間に形成された前記開口15bの上に、さらに横長なパネル体15Dが配置されている。
各パネル体15A~15Dは、ベース11a、柱11b、及び梁11cに装着されている。
前記開口15bは、パネル体15Dの下縁と、一対のパネル体15Bの各側縁と、ベース11aの上面とによって形成される横に長い長方形の空間であり、紙面手前側のXZ平面と紙面奥側のXZ平面との両方に、搬送方向Fより見て同位置に形成されている。これら2つの開口15bを通して、作業空間Sと外部空間とが連通しており、Y方向(搬送方向F)に沿って見た場合、搬送ユニット14A,14Bの双方との間で、ワークWの出し入れが可能になっている。
このYZ平面においては、ベース11a上にY方向に並べて配置された2枚のパネル体15Bと、これらパネル体15B上に配置されたパネル体15Cとが設けられている。YZ平面のこれらパネル体15B,15Cは、前記XZ平面のパネル体15B,15Cと同じ物である。各パネル体15B,15Cは、ベース11a及び梁11cに装着されている。
なお、作業ステーション10Aにおける2つのYZ平面のうち、制御装置18が設けられている方にもパネル体15B,15Cが設けられているが、制御装置18により覆われる面でもあるので、この面だけ、パネル体15B,15Cを省略してもよい。
次に、上述の作業システム50を用いた作業方法、すなわち複数のワークWに対して所定の作業を施す手順について以下に説明する。以下の例では、複数のワークWとして、まず先に第1のワークWが供給され、続いて第2のワークWが供給され、これら第1のワークW及び第2のワークWの双方に対して所定の作業を行う場合について説明する。第1のワークWに対して行われる所定の作業と、第2のワークに対して行われる所定の作業は、多少の時間差を置いて並行して行われるが、まず先に第1のワークWについて説明し、続いて第2のワークWについて説明する。
以上に本発明の一実施形態を説明したが、本発明は、上記構成のみに限定されない。本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能である。
さらに、フレーム体11をベース11aのみとし、ベース11aの設置面上に仕切り部材15を自立させてもよい。この場合、ベース11aが仕切り部材装着部に相当する。また、仕切り部材15を自立させる場合、ベース11aの設置面上に垂直に立設された柱状の支持部材(不図示)を設けてフレーム体11の一部とし、この柱状の支持部材の側面に仕切り部材15を装着しても良い。
また、各搬送ユニット14A~14Fとしてコンベアを例示したが、コンベアのみに限らず、自走式の運搬車を用いても良い。また、各搬送ユニット14A~14Fのうち一部のみを、自走式の運搬車としてもよい。
また、上記説明における「所定の作業」は、1つの作業(動作)に限定されず、複数の作業(動作)を含んでもよい。
10B 作業ステーション(第2作業ステーション)
11 フレーム体
11a ベース(ベース、仕切り部材装着部)
11a1 制御装置支持面(制御装置支持部)
11b 柱(柱、仕切り部材装着部)
11c 梁(梁、仕切り部材装着部)
11c1 X軸レール(第1ガイド、第2ガイド)
11x 支持台(位置決めユニット支持部)
12A、12B、12C、12D 位置決めユニット(第1位置決めユニット、第2位置決めユニット)
13a 作業ツール(第1作業ユニット、第2作業ユニット)
13b X軸スライダ(第1スライダ、第2スライダ、作業ユニット支持部)
13c Y軸ガイド(作業ユニット支持部)
13d Y軸スライダ(作業ユニット支持部)
13e Z軸ガイド(作業ユニット支持部)
13g 回転機構(作業ユニット支持部)
13x 移動ユニット(第1移動ユニット、第2移動ユニット)
14A 搬送ユニット(第1搬送ユニット、第3搬送ユニット)
14B 搬送ユニット(第2搬送ユニット、第4搬送ユニット)
15 仕切り部材
15A パネル体、共有パネル体
15a 共有装着部
15ax 開口(第1の開口)
15B,15C,15D パネル体
15b 開口(第2の開口、第3の開口、第4の開口、第5の開口)
16 開閉部材
17 機器取付部材
17a 制御機器(第1制御機器、第2制御機器)
18 制御装置
50 作業システム
S 作業空間
W ワーク、第1のワーク、第2のワーク
Claims (17)
- 搬送されるワークに対して所定の作業を行う作業システムであって、
前記ワークに対して所定の作業を行う第1作業ステーションと、前記第1作業ステーションの下流に直列配置され、前記ワークに対して所定の作業を行う第2作業ステーションと、を備え、
前記第1作業ステーションが、
前記ワークを搬送する第1搬送ユニットと、
前記第1搬送ユニットに対し並置されて前記ワークを搬送する第2搬送ユニットと、
前記第1搬送ユニットにより搬送される前記ワークを前記第1作業ステーション内の所定位置に位置決めする第1位置決めユニットと、
前記第1位置決めユニットによって前記第1搬送ユニット上に位置決めされた前記ワークに対して所定の作業を行う第1作業ユニットと、
を備え、
前記第2作業ステーションが、
前記ワークを搬送する第3搬送ユニットと、
前記第3搬送ユニットに対し並置され、前記ワークを搬送する第4搬送ユニットと、
前記第4搬送ユニットにより搬送される前記ワークを前記第2作業ステーション内の所定位置に位置決めする第2位置決めユニットと、
前記第2位置決めユニットによって前記第4搬送ユニット上に位置決めされた前記ワークに対して所定の作業を行う第2作業ユニットと、
を備え、
前記第1搬送ユニットの下流に前記第3搬送ユニットが接続され、
前記第2搬送ユニットの下流に前記第4搬送ユニットが接続されている
作業システム。 - 前記第1作業ステーションが、
前記第1作業ユニットを移動させる第1移動ユニットと、
前記第1移動ユニット及び前記第1作業ユニットを制御する第1制御機器と、
をさらに備え、
前記第2作業ステーションが、
前記第2作業ユニットを移動させる第2移動ユニットと、
前記第2移動ユニット及び前記第2作業ユニットを制御する第2制御機器と、
をさらに備える
請求項1に記載の作業システム。 - 前記第1移動ユニットが、前記第1搬送ユニット及び前記第2搬送ユニットの上方に設けられた第1ガイドと、前記第1ガイドに沿って移動自在な第1スライダとを備え、
前記第1スライダに、前記第1作業ユニットが設けられ、
前記第2移動ユニットが、前記第3搬送ユニット及び前記第4搬送ユニットの上方に設けられた第2ガイドと、前記第2ガイドに沿って移動自在な第2スライダとを備え、
前記第2スライダに前記第2作業ユニットが設けられている、
請求項2に記載の作業システム。 - 前記第1作業ユニットが、前記第1搬送ユニットにより搬送される前記ワークを反転させる第1反転装置と、前記ワークに前記所定の作業を行う第1作業装置とを備え、
前記第2作業ユニットが、前記第4搬送ユニットにより搬送される前記ワークを反転させる第2反転装置と、前記ワークに前記所定の作業を行う第2作業装置と、を備える
請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の作業システム。 - 前記第1作業ステーション及び前記第2作業ステーションのそれぞれが、
前記所定の作業が行われる作業空間と、前記作業空間の外側にある外部空間との間を区画する仕切り部材と、
前記仕切り部材が装着されるフレーム体と、
前記仕切り部材に設けられ、前記仕切り部材に形成された第1の開口を開け閉めする開閉部材と、
前記仕切り部材に設けられ、前記第1作業ユニットを移動させる第1移動ユニット及び前記第1作業ユニットを制御する第1制御機器、または、前記第2作業ユニットを移動させる第2移動ユニット及び前記第2作業ユニットを制御する第2制御機器が取り付けられる機器取付部材と、を備え、
前記仕切り部材が、前記開閉部材または前記機器取付部材が選択的に装着される共有装着部を複数有する、
請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の作業システム。 - 前記複数の共有装着部が、互いに同一の形状及びサイズを有する、
請求項5に記載の作業システム。 - 前記フレーム体が、
前記作業空間内に前記第1位置決めユニットまたは前記第2位置決めユニットを支持する位置決めユニット支持部と、
前記作業空間内に前記第1作業ユニットまたは前記第2作業ユニットを支持する作業ユニット支持部と、
前記仕切り部材が装着される仕切り部材装着部と、
を備える
請求項5または6に記載の作業システム。 - 前記フレーム体が、ベースと、前記ベースに支持される柱と、前記柱に支持される梁とを備え、
前記ベース又は前記柱に前記位置決めユニット支持部が設けられ、
前記梁に前記作業ユニット支持部が設けられている、
請求項7に記載の作業システム。 - 前記ベース又は前記柱に、前記作業ユニット支持部がさらに設けられている、
前記フレーム体が、ベースと、前記ベースに支持される柱と、前記柱に支持される梁とを備え、
前記ベース又は前記柱に前記位置決めユニット支持部が設けられ、
前記ベースに前記作業ユニット支持部が設けられている、
請求項7に記載の作業システム。 - 前記ベース又は前記柱に、前記作業ユニット支持部がさらに設けられている、
前記フレーム体が、ベースと、前記ベースに支持される柱と、前記柱に支持される梁とを備え、
前記ベース又は前記柱に前記位置決めユニット支持部が設けられ、
前記柱に前記作業ユニット支持部が設けられている、
請求項7に記載の作業システム。 - 前記第1作業ステーション及び前記第2作業ステーションの少なくとも一方の前記作業ユニット支持部が、前記第1作業ユニットまたは前記第2作業ユニットを平面移動させる平面移動機構をさらに有する、
請求項7から10のいずれか一項に記載の作業システム。 - 前記第1作業ステーション及び前記第2作業ステーションの少なくとも一方が、
自らに備わる全ての機器の上位制御を行う制御装置と、
前記フレーム体は、前記外部空間において前記制御装置を支持する制御装置支持部と、
を備える、
請求項5~11のいずれか一項に記載の作業システム。 - 前記第1作業ステーション及び前記第2作業ステーションの少なくとも一方の前記仕切り部材が、複数のパネル体により構成され、
前記複数のパネル体が、前記共有装着部が設けられた共有パネル体を含み、
前記共有パネル体の前記共有装着部に、前記開閉部材または前記機器取付部材が選択的に装着される
請求項5から12のいずれか一項に記載の作業システム。 - 前記共有パネル体が、共通の外形寸法を有して複数設けられている、請求項13に記載の作業システム。
- 前記第1作業ステーションの前記仕切り部材に、前記第1搬送ユニット及び前記第2搬送ユニットに通じる第2の開口及び第3の開口が形成され、
前記第2作業ステーションの前記仕切り部材に、前記第3搬送ユニット及び前記第4搬送ユニットに通じる第4の開口及び第5の開口が形成されている、
請求項5から14のいずれか一項に記載の作業システム。 - 前記第1作業ステーションの前記仕切り部材、前記フレーム体、前記開閉部材、及び前記機器取付部材のそれぞれが、前記第2作業ステーションの前記仕切り部材、前記フレーム体、前記開閉部材、及び前記機器取付部材と同一構造を有する、請求項5から15のいずれか一項に記載の作業システム。
- 請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の作業システムを用いた作業方法であって、
複数の前記ワークのうちの第1のワークを前記第1作業ステーションの前記第1搬送ユニットに搬送し、前記第1のワークを前記第1位置決めユニットにより位置決めし、前記第1のワークに対して前記第1作業ユニットにより前記所定の作業を施す工程と、
前記第1搬送ユニットからの前記第1のワークを、前記第3搬送ユニットにより前記第2作業ステーションを通過させる工程と、
複数の前記ワークのうちの第2のワークを、前記第2搬送ユニットにより前記第1作業ステーションを通過させる工程と、
前記第2搬送ユニットからの前記第2のワークを、前記第2作業ステーションの前記第4搬送ユニットに搬送し、前記第2のワークを前記第2位置決めユニットにより位置決めし、前記第2のワークに対して前記第2作業ユニットにより前記所定の作業を施す工程と、
を有する作業方法。
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| US17/040,584 US11351639B2 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2018-03-29 | Working system and work method |
| PCT/JP2018/013347 WO2019186925A1 (ja) | 2018-03-29 | 2018-03-29 | 作業システム及び作業方法 |
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| CN112584969A (zh) | 2021-03-30 |
| CN112584969B (zh) | 2022-11-29 |
| JPWO2019186925A1 (ja) | 2021-05-27 |
| EP3778113A1 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
| JP7114692B2 (ja) | 2022-08-08 |
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