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WO2019176229A1 - Dispositif, système, programme et procédé d'évaluation de la fonction de moteur - Google Patents

Dispositif, système, programme et procédé d'évaluation de la fonction de moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019176229A1
WO2019176229A1 PCT/JP2018/047766 JP2018047766W WO2019176229A1 WO 2019176229 A1 WO2019176229 A1 WO 2019176229A1 JP 2018047766 W JP2018047766 W JP 2018047766W WO 2019176229 A1 WO2019176229 A1 WO 2019176229A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
time
motor function
subject
function evaluation
chair
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2018/047766
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
年岡　英昭
雄介 朝田
忍 堀田
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2019534900A priority Critical patent/JP6642770B1/ja
Publication of WO2019176229A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019176229A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a motor function evaluation apparatus, a motor function evaluation system, a motor function evaluation program, and a motor function evaluation method.
  • This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-045395, which is a Japanese patent application filed on March 13, 2018. All the descriptions described in the Japanese patent application are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a time-up-and-go operation in which a subject rises from a chair, turns around a mark a predetermined distance away, and measures the elapsed time taken to sit on the chair again. The technique which tests and evaluates a test subject's motor function based on the measured value of elapsed time is disclosed.
  • the motor function evaluation device is a motor function evaluation device that evaluates a motor function of a subject, until the subject rises from the chair, turns around a certain distance ahead, and sits on the chair again. It is configured to perform a time-up and go test that measures the elapsed time taken by the test.
  • the motor function evaluation device includes a communication unit configured to acquire measurement data of an inertial sensor attached to a body of the subject, and a lift where the subject stands up from the chair based on the measurement data acquired by the communication unit. And a control unit configured to detect the time and the sitting time when the subject is seated on the chair and calculate the elapsed time using the detected lifting time and sitting time.
  • a motor function evaluation system includes an inertial sensor attached to a body of a subject, and a motor function evaluation apparatus configured to evaluate the motor function of the subject based on measurement data of the inertial sensor. Is provided.
  • the motor function evaluation device is configured to perform a time-up-and-go test in which a subject rises from a chair, goes around a mark a predetermined distance away, and measures the elapsed time taken to sit on the chair again.
  • the motor function evaluation device includes a communication unit configured to acquire measurement data of an inertial sensor, a lifting time when the subject stands up from the chair based on the measurement data acquired by the communication unit, and the subject And a control unit configured to detect a sitting time at which the user sits and calculate an elapsed time using the detected lift time and seating time.
  • the motor function evaluation program is a program for causing a computer to execute processing for evaluating a motor function of a subject.
  • the process of evaluating the motor function of the subject includes a time-up-and-go test in which the subject measures the elapsed time it takes for the subject to get up from the chair, go around a certain distance ahead, and sit down on the chair again.
  • the motor function evaluation program includes a step of acquiring measurement data of an inertial sensor attached to a subject's body, a lifting time when the subject stands up from the chair, and a subject sitting on the chair based on the acquired measurement data. And causing the computer to execute a step of detecting a seating time to be performed and a step of calculating an elapsed time using the detected lift time and seating time.
  • the motor function evaluation method is a motor function evaluation method that evaluates a motor function of a subject until the subject stands up from the chair, goes around a mark a certain distance away, and sits on the chair again. It is configured to perform a time-up and go test that measures the elapsed time taken by the test.
  • the motor function evaluation method includes a step of acquiring measurement data of an inertial sensor attached to a body of a subject, a lifting time when the subject stands up from the chair based on the acquired measurement data, and a subject sitting on the chair Detecting a seating time to perform, and calculating an elapsed time using the detected lift time and seating time.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a motor function evaluation system according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a hardware configuration of the motor function evaluation system according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a functional configuration of the acceleration sensor according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a functional configuration of the motor function evaluation apparatus according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an outline of the time-up and go test.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a measurement procedure of a time-up and go test in the motor function evaluation system according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of measurement data acquired by executing the measurement procedure shown in FIG. FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a method of detecting the separation time and the seating time using the acceleration time waveform.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining motor function evaluation executed by the motor function evaluation system according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the processing procedure of the motor function evaluation shown in step S16 of FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an evaluation result of the motor function evaluation system according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining other evaluation items by the motor function evaluation system according to the embodiment.
  • An object of one aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a motor function evaluation apparatus, a motor function evaluation method, and a motor function evaluation capable of ensuring the accuracy of measurement values in a time-up-and-go test and improving the reliability of motor function evaluation. It is an object to provide a motor function evaluation system including a program and such a motor function evaluation apparatus. [Effects of the present disclosure] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to ensure the accuracy of the measurement value in the time-up and go test and improve the reliability of the motor function evaluation.
  • the motor function evaluation device 2 (see FIGS. 1 and 4) is a motor function evaluation device that evaluates the motor function of a subject, and the subject stands up from the chair and is a certain distance away. The time-up-and-go test is performed to measure the elapsed time taken to go to the chair again and to sit on the chair again.
  • the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 includes a communication unit 40 configured to acquire measurement data of an inertial sensor (for example, the acceleration sensor 1) attached to the body of the subject, and measurement data acquired by the communication unit 40. And a control unit configured to detect a lifting time when the subject stands up from the chair and a sitting time when the subject sits on the chair, and calculate an elapsed time using the detected lifting time and sitting time. 64.
  • the inertial sensor is mounted in the mid-trunk of the subject.
  • the midline trunk is the trunk as the trunk and means the center of the left and right sides of the body.
  • the inertial sensor is usually mounted along the center from the neck to the waist, that is, along the spine, and the waist is preferable for ease of mounting. This is because it can be easily fixed by a mounting tool such as a belt.
  • a storage device 68 (see FIG. 4) configured to record data is further included.
  • the control unit 64 generates, as time series data, an index indicating the variation of the measurement data from the time waveform of the measurement data recorded in the storage device 68.
  • the control unit 64 detects the separation time by comparing the index and the first threshold value, and detects the seating time by comparing the index and the second threshold value.
  • the control unit 64 generates a time waveform of the standard deviation of the measurement data from the time waveform of the measurement data recorded in the storage device 68.
  • the control unit 64 detects the time at which the standard deviation first exceeds the first threshold in the time waveform of the standard deviation as the lift time, and the standard deviation is the second time last in the time waveform of the standard deviation. A time exceeding the threshold is detected as a seating time.
  • control unit 64 selects a section in which the average value of the standard deviation is less than or equal to the standard standard deviation in the time waveform of the standard deviation, and the first And the second threshold are set to values higher than the average value of the standard deviation in the selected section.
  • the control unit uses the measurement data for the elapsed time for each of the rising, forward walking, turning, backward walking and sitting operations. Divide into corresponding sections.
  • the measurement data of the inertial sensor 1 can be divided into sections corresponding to each operation. Then, by analyzing the measurement data of the divided section, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the operation ability required in the section.
  • Motor function evaluation system 100 (refer to Drawing 1) concerning one mode of this indication evaluates a subject's motor function based on inertial sensor 1 with which a subject's body was equipped, and measurement data of inertial sensor 1. And a motor function evaluation device 2 configured to perform the above.
  • the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 is configured to perform a time-up and go test in which a subject rises from a chair, turns around a mark a predetermined distance away, and measures the elapsed time taken to sit on the chair again.
  • the motor function evaluation device 2 includes a communication unit 40 configured to acquire measurement data of the inertial sensor 1, a lifting time when the subject stands up from the chair based on the measurement data acquired by the communication unit 40, and And a control unit 64 configured to detect a sitting time when the subject is seated on the chair and calculate an elapsed time using the detected lift time and sitting time.
  • the elapsed time in the time-up and go test can be automatically and accurately measured based on the measurement data of the inertial sensor attached to the body of the subject. it can. According to this, since the accuracy of the measurement value in the time-up and go test can be ensured, the reliability of the motor function evaluation can be improved.
  • the motor function evaluation program is a program for causing a computer to execute processing for evaluating the motor function of a subject.
  • the process of evaluating the motor function of the subject includes a time-up-and-go test in which the subject measures the elapsed time it takes for the subject to get up from the chair, go around a certain distance ahead, and sit down on the chair again.
  • the motor function evaluation program acquires the measurement data of the inertial sensor 1 attached to the body of the subject, the lift time when the subject stands up from the chair based on the acquired measurement data, and the subject sits on the chair And causing the computer to execute a step of detecting a seating time to be performed and a step of calculating an elapsed time using the detected lift time and seating time.
  • the elapsed time in the time-up and go test can be automatically and accurately measured based on the measurement data of the inertial sensor attached to the body of the subject. it can. According to this, since the accuracy of the measurement value in the time-up and go test can be ensured, the reliability of the motor function evaluation can be improved.
  • the motor function evaluation method is a motor function evaluation method for evaluating a motor function of a subject, and the subject stands up from the chair, turns around a certain distance ahead, and again enters the chair. It is configured to perform a time-up and go test that measures the elapsed time taken to sit.
  • the motor function evaluation method includes a step of obtaining measurement data of the inertial sensor 1 attached to the body of the subject, a lifting time when the subject stands up from the chair based on the obtained measurement data, and the subject sitting on the chair Detecting a seating time to perform, and calculating an elapsed time using the detected lift time and seating time.
  • the elapsed time in the time-up and go test is automatically and accurately measured based on the measurement data of the inertial sensor attached to the body of the subject. Can do. According to this, since the accuracy of the measurement value in the time-up and go test can be ensured, the reliability of the motor function evaluation can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a motor function evaluation system 100 according to an embodiment.
  • the motor function evaluation system 100 according to the present embodiment is a system for evaluating the motor function of the subject M.
  • the “motor function” of the subject M is a motion ability in the movement of the subject M, and includes a complex motion ability such as lower limb muscle strength, balance, walking ability, and easy toppling.
  • the motor function evaluation system 100 includes an acceleration sensor 1 and a motor function evaluation device 2.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 and the motor function evaluation device 2 communicate with each other wirelessly.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 is connected to the motor function evaluation device 2 in accordance with a short-range wireless communication standard such as Bluetooth (registered trademark) or wireless LAN (Local Area Network) standard. Send and receive data between them.
  • a short-range wireless communication standard such as Bluetooth (registered trademark) or wireless LAN (Local Area Network) standard. Send and receive data between them.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 has a small portable case and is attached to the body of the subject M.
  • the subject M is attached to the waist as a midline trunk.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 is mounted in the vicinity of the third lumbar vertebra on the median line where the center of gravity of the subject M is located.
  • the casing of the acceleration sensor 1 is provided with a clip (not shown), and the acceleration sensor 1 is mounted by sandwiching the clip near the center of the waist and back of the belt worn by the subject M.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 corresponds to an embodiment of an “inertia sensor”.
  • an angular velocity sensor or a geomagnetic sensor can be used instead of the acceleration sensor.
  • an acceleration sensor and another sensor such as an angular velocity sensor or a geomagnetic sensor can be used in combination.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 is a three-axis acceleration sensor such as a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) sensor.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 measures the acceleration in the left-right direction, the up-down direction, and the front-rear direction while the subject M is moving.
  • the lateral acceleration is referred to as “lateral acceleration”
  • the vertical acceleration is referred to as “vertical acceleration”
  • the longitudinal acceleration is also referred to as “longitudinal acceleration”.
  • the horizontal direction is the X axis
  • the vertical direction is the Y axis
  • the front and back direction is the Z axis.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 outputs the measured triaxial acceleration to the motor function evaluation device 2 as measurement data.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 may be any device as long as it can measure changes in triaxial acceleration during movement of the subject M. In order to accurately measure the change in the three-axis acceleration during movement, it is preferable that the subject M move while wearing barefoot or shoes.
  • the motor function evaluation device 2 is an electronic device having a wireless communication function, and for example, a personal computer, a tablet terminal, a smartphone, etc. can be applied in addition to a dedicated device.
  • the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 acquires the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration during the movement of the subject M based on the measurement data output from the acceleration sensor 1.
  • the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 evaluates the motor function of the subject M based on the acquired temporal changes in the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a hardware configuration of the motor function evaluation system 100 according to the embodiment.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 includes a sensor unit 10, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 12, a storage unit 14, a communication unit 16, a circuit board 18, and a power source 20.
  • a sensor unit 10 As shown in FIG. 2, the acceleration sensor 1 includes a sensor unit 10, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 12, a storage unit 14, a communication unit 16, a circuit board 18, and a power source 20.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • the sensor unit 10 is a three-axis acceleration sensor, and measures longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration, and vertical acceleration generated in the waist of the subject M.
  • the sensor unit 10 outputs an electrical signal indicating the measured acceleration to the CPU 12.
  • the CPU 12 controls the operation of the acceleration sensor 1 by reading a program stored in advance and executing instructions included in the program.
  • the CPU 12 generates measurement data from the acceleration measured by the sensor unit 10 by processing the electrical signal output from the sensor unit 10.
  • the storage unit 14 is configured by, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory) or the like, and stores setting data, measurement data, and the like for setting various functions of the acceleration sensor 1.
  • a RAM Random Access Memory
  • the communication unit 16 performs modulation / demodulation processing for transmitting and receiving signals via an antenna or the like (not shown) so that the acceleration sensor 1 communicates wirelessly with the motor function evaluation device 2.
  • the communication unit 16 is a communication module including a tuner, a reception intensity calculation circuit, a cyclic redundancy check circuit, a high frequency circuit, and the like.
  • the communication unit 16 performs modulation / demodulation and frequency conversion of a radio signal transmitted / received by the acceleration sensor 1 and gives a reception signal to the CPU 12.
  • the circuit board 18 is housed inside the casing of the acceleration sensor 1 and mounts circuit components constituting the sensor unit 10, the CPU 12, the storage unit 14, and the communication unit 16.
  • the power source 20 is a power storage device including a lithium ion battery.
  • a power switch (not shown) is turned on by a user or the like, power supply to a plurality of circuit components mounted on the circuit board 18 is started.
  • the motor function evaluation device 2 includes a communication unit 40, a CPU 42, a circuit board 44, a power supply 46, a display unit 48, and an operation reception unit 50.
  • the communication unit 40 performs modulation / demodulation processing for transmitting and receiving signals via an antenna or the like so that the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 communicates with other wireless devices including the acceleration sensor 1.
  • the communication unit 40 is a communication module including a tuner, a reception intensity calculation circuit, a cyclic redundancy check circuit, a high frequency circuit, and the like.
  • the communication unit 40 performs modulation / demodulation and frequency conversion of a radio signal transmitted / received by the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 and gives a reception signal to the CPU 42.
  • the CPU42 controls the operation
  • the program includes a motor function evaluation program.
  • the CPU 42 evaluates the motor function of the subject M based on the measurement data transmitted from the communication unit 40 by executing the motor function evaluation program. Further, the CPU 42 can discriminate exercise advice corresponding to the subject M based on the evaluation result of the exercise function. Details of the CPU 42 will be described later.
  • the operation accepting unit 50 accepts user input operations.
  • the operation reception unit 50 outputs a signal indicating the operation content to the CPU 42 in accordance with a user operation.
  • the operation reception unit 50 may be a touch panel provided on the display unit 48, or may be other physical operation keys such as a keyboard.
  • the display unit 48 displays data acting on the five senses such as an image, text, and voice under the control of the CPU 42.
  • the display unit 48 includes, for example, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) or an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) display.
  • the CPU 42 can cause the display unit 48 to display the measurement data transmitted from the communication unit 40, the data indicating the evaluation result of the motor function, and the data indicating the exercise advice by executing the motor function evaluation program. Further, the CPU 42 can accumulate these data in the internal storage device 68.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a functional configuration of the acceleration sensor 1 according to the embodiment.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 includes a storage unit 22 and a signal processing circuit 24.
  • the storage unit 22 includes a storage device such as a RAM, and stores a program, measurement data, and the like.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 controls each part of the acceleration sensor 1.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 operates according to a program stored in the storage unit 22 and executes various operations including motor function evaluation described later.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 includes a noise removal filter and an A / D (Analog / Digital) converter, and removes noise from the electrical signal output from the sensor unit 10, as shown in FIG. An acceleration signal indicating such acceleration is generated. Further, the signal processing circuit 24 generates measurement data by sampling the generated acceleration signal at a predetermined period.
  • a / D Analog / Digital
  • the sampling period in the signal processing circuit 24 is preferably 1 ms or more and 200 ms or less. This is because when the sampling period is shorter than 1 ms, the calculation load in the signal processing circuit 24 increases and a large-capacity storage unit 22 is required to store measurement data. In addition, if the sampling period is longer than 200 ms, it is difficult to accurately grasp the change in the position of the body center of gravity of the subject accompanying movement. More preferably, the sampling period in the signal processing circuit 24 is about 5 ms.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 outputs the generated measurement data to the communication unit 16.
  • the lower limit of the sampling period is preferably 2 ms or more, and more preferably 5 ms or more.
  • the upper limit of the sampling period is preferably 100 ms or less, more preferably 50 ms or less, and further preferably 20 ms or less.
  • the communication unit 16 includes a radio signal receiving unit 26, a radio signal transmitting unit 28, and a file output unit 30.
  • the wireless signal receiving unit 26 receives an operation instruction from the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 and gives the received operation instruction to the signal processing circuit 24.
  • the operation instruction includes an instruction for designating a storage destination of the measurement data generated by the signal processing circuit 24.
  • the wireless signal transmission unit 28 transmits the measurement data generated by the signal processing circuit 24 to the motor function evaluation device 2.
  • the motor function evaluation device 2 receives the measurement data transmitted from the wireless signal transmission unit 28, the motor function evaluation device 2 stores the measurement data in the storage device 68 (see FIG. 4) inside the device.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 also stores the generated measurement data in the storage unit 14. In response to an operation instruction from the motor function evaluation device 2 (or based on a predetermined setting), the signal processing circuit 24 stores the storage unit 14 inside the acceleration sensor 1 and a storage device (motor function) outside the acceleration sensor 1. One of the storage devices 68) inside the evaluation device 2 is selected and the measurement data is stored.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 transmits the measurement data obtained by the sensor unit 10 to the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 in real time via the wireless signal transmission unit 28. be able to. Therefore, the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 can evaluate the motor function of the subject M in real time based on the received measurement data.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 can store the measurement data in the storage unit 14.
  • the file output unit 30 can transmit the measurement data accumulated in the storage unit 14 to the external storage medium 3.
  • a USB memory or a Memory Stick registered trademark
  • the acceleration sensor 1 stores the measurement data in the storage unit 14, so that it can be stored in the storage unit 14 at a later date. By reading the stored measurement data via the storage medium 3, the motor function of the subject M can be evaluated.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 may be configured to be able to read measurement data via a wired data transmission means such as USB instead of via the storage medium 3.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a functional configuration of the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 according to the embodiment.
  • the communication unit 40 includes a radio signal receiving unit 60 and a radio signal transmitting unit 62.
  • the wireless signal receiving unit 60 transmits the received measurement data to the CPU 42.
  • the CPU 42 includes a control unit 64 and a storage device 68.
  • the storage device 68 includes, for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM.
  • the ROM stores a program for controlling the motor function evaluation device 2.
  • the program includes a motor function evaluation program.
  • the RAM stores data for setting various functions of the motor function evaluation device 2, measurement data, data indicating the evaluation results of motor functions, data indicating exercise advice, and the like.
  • the control unit 64 includes a processor.
  • the control unit 64 controls the operation of the motor function evaluation device 2 by operating according to a program stored in the storage device 68.
  • the control unit 64 functions as the evaluation unit 70 and the determination unit 72 by operating according to the motor function evaluation program.
  • the evaluation unit 70 evaluates the motor function of the subject M based on the measurement data acquired by the wireless signal reception unit 60. Alternatively, the evaluation unit 70 evaluates the motor function of the subject M based on the measurement data read from the storage medium 3.
  • the evaluation unit 70 calculates an index indicating the motor function of the subject M based on the measurement data.
  • the evaluation unit 70 scores the calculated index, for example, with an ideal value of 10 points (full score). In this way, the motor function of the subject M is quantitatively evaluated by scoring the index. Thereby, the user can grasp
  • the determination unit 72 acquires the evaluation result from the evaluation unit 70 and receives external data input by the user from the operation reception unit 50.
  • the external data includes subject identification information that is information for identifying subject M, and a data threshold list.
  • the subject identification information includes information such as the name, sex, age, height, and weight of the subject M.
  • the data threshold list is threshold data used when discriminating exercise advice.
  • the determination unit 72 determines exercise advice corresponding to the subject M based on the evaluation result of the exercise function of the subject M by referring to the data threshold list.
  • the control unit 64 causes the display unit 48 to display measurement data, an evaluation result by the evaluation unit 70, and data indicating exercise advice by the determination unit 72.
  • the control unit 64 stores these data in the storage device 68.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an outline of the time-up and go test.
  • a mark is set at a point away from the chair by a certain distance.
  • a mini cone having a height of about 20 cm is used.
  • the distance from the chair to the landmark is generally set to 3 m.
  • subject M is waiting while sitting on a chair. At this time, the subject M takes a posture in which the tips of both feet are aligned and the legs are opened to the shoulder width and both hands are placed on the front of the thigh.
  • the measurer measures the elapsed time from when the subject M stands up from the chair until he sits down on the chair again.
  • the time-up and go test requires the ability to stand up, walk, change the direction of the body, balance, etc., so it has complex movement capabilities such as lower limb strength, balance ability, walking ability, and easy toppling. Can be evaluated. Since these movement abilities are highly related to daily life functions, the time-up and go test is widely used as an evaluation of motor functions of elderly people.
  • the time-up and go test is usually performed by the measurer using a stopwatch to visually measure the elapsed time from when the subject stands up to sit down. It is. Therefore, even if it is the elapsed time of the same subject, measurement values may vary depending on the measurer. In such a case, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the measurement value, and there is a concern that the reliability of the motor function evaluation may be reduced.
  • the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 is configured to evaluate the motor function of the subject based on the measurement data received from the acceleration sensor 1 attached to the subject M. . Specifically, the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 is based on the measurement data of the acceleration sensor 1 in the time-up-and-go test, and the time when the subject M rises from the chair (the lift time) and the subject M sits on the chair. Time (sitting time) is detected. Then, the motor function evaluation device 2 calculates the elapsed time from the lifting time to the sitting time using the detected lifting time and sitting time. As described above, the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 can automatically measure the elapsed time in the time-up and go test using the measurement data of the acceleration sensor 1.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 and the motor function evaluation device 2 are activated.
  • the motor function evaluation device 2 instructs the acceleration sensor 1 to start measurement via the communication unit 40 when the operation reception unit 50 receives an input operation indicating an evaluation start instruction.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 corrects the measured value of the sensor unit 10 when the subject M is in a stationary state to zero points of longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration, and vertical acceleration. Thereby, the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration when the subject M moves can be measured with high accuracy.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 determines whether or not the subject M is in a stationary state based on the output signal of the sensor unit 10. When no significant change is observed in each of the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration (for example, when the fluctuation range of each acceleration is less than the threshold), the signal processing circuit 24 determines that the subject M is in a stationary state. To do. When it is determined that the subject M is in a stationary state, the signal processing circuit 24 corrects the measured value of the sensor unit 10 at this time to the zero point of the lateral acceleration, the vertical acceleration, and the longitudinal acceleration.
  • the sensor unit 10 When the zero point correction is completed, the sensor unit 10 starts measuring the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration generated in the waist of the subject M.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 converts the acceleration signal output from the sensor unit 10 into measurement data.
  • the measurement data is stored in either the storage unit 14 of the acceleration sensor 1 or the storage device 68 of the motor function evaluation device 2.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 transmits the measurement data to the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 via the communication unit 16 (wireless signal transmission unit 28). .
  • the motor function evaluation device 2 When the motor function evaluation device 2 receives the measurement data of the acceleration sensor 1 via the communication unit 40, the motor function evaluation device 2 records the measurement data in the storage device 68. Recording of the measurement data in the storage device 68 is controlled by the control unit 64.
  • the control unit 64 determines whether or not the subject M is in a stationary state based on the time waveform of the longitudinal acceleration included in the measurement data.
  • the control unit 64 calculates a standard deviation as an index indicating variation in measurement data for each predetermined time window with respect to the time waveform of the longitudinal acceleration. For example, when the sampling period is 5 ms and the time window is 1 s, the control unit 64 calculates the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration of 200 points in total.
  • the standard deviation may be calculated using a well-known formula. For example, after taking the root mean square of the difference between the longitudinal acceleration at each sampling point and the average value of the longitudinal acceleration at all sampling points, the positive square root is calculated. What is necessary is just to calculate. That is, the control unit 64 calculates the magnitude of variation as the standard deviation for the time waveform data of the longitudinal acceleration.
  • the control unit 64 generates a standard deviation time waveform by calculating the standard deviation while shifting the time window for each sampling. The generation of the standard deviation time waveform is continuously performed until the subject M performs a series of operations shown in FIG.
  • the control unit 64 compares the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration with a reference standard deviation preset as the first threshold value.
  • the standard standard deviation is set to 1 [m / s 2 ], for example.
  • the control unit 64 determines that the subject M is stationary. judge.
  • the control unit 64 starts recording measurement data in the storage device 68.
  • the process proceeds to FIG. 6 (2), and a time-up and go test is performed.
  • the acceleration sensor 1 measures the vertical acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the longitudinal acceleration generated at the waist of the subject M who is operating.
  • the motor function evaluation device 2 determines whether or not the subject M is in a stationary state based on the measurement data of the acceleration sensor 1. When it is determined that the subject M is in a stationary state, the motor function evaluation device 2 ends the recording of the measurement data in the storage device 68.
  • the control unit 64 refers to the time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration described in FIG. 6A as the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration and the second threshold value.
  • the reference standard deviation set in advance is compared.
  • the first threshold value and the second threshold value are set to the same value, but may be set to different values.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of measurement data acquired by executing the measurement procedure shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a time waveform of the longitudinal acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor 1.
  • the start point of the time waveform shown in FIG. 7 corresponds to the time when the storage device 68 of the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 starts recording the measurement data
  • the end point of the time waveform is the time when the storage device 68 finishes recording the measurement data.
  • the time waveform of the longitudinal acceleration has two sections in which the longitudinal acceleration is stable near 0 [m / s 2 ], and the longitudinal acceleration varies so that the two sections are sandwiched between the two sections. And have sections.
  • the section in which the longitudinal acceleration varies reflects the time during which the subject M is performing a series of operations (see FIG. 5) in the time-up and go test.
  • the two sections in which the longitudinal acceleration is stable near 0 [m / s 2 ] reflect the time during which the subject M is sitting on the chair before and after a series of movements.
  • the flow of a series of actions of the subject M in the time-up and go test can be specified. According to this, as will be described below, it is possible to detect the lift time when the subject M stands up from the chair and the sitting time when the subject M sits on the chair.
  • a method for detecting the lift time and the sitting time using the time waveform of acceleration will be described.
  • a method for detecting the separation time and the seating time using a time waveform of longitudinal acceleration will be described. Note that it is possible to detect the lift time and the seating time by the same method using the time waveform of the lateral acceleration or the vertical acceleration.
  • FIG. 8A shows an example of the time waveform of the longitudinal acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor 1.
  • FIG. 8B shows a time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration generated based on the time waveform of the longitudinal acceleration of FIG.
  • the time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration is generated by calculating the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration while shifting the time window for each sampling as described with reference to FIG.
  • the time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration represents the time change of the magnitude of the variation of the longitudinal acceleration.
  • the posture of the subject M greatly changes in the front-rear direction. Therefore, a large change appears in the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration. Therefore, the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 detects the lifting time and the sitting time by capturing a significant change appearing in the time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration.
  • the control unit 64 selects a section in which the average value mSD of the standard deviation is equal to or less than the standard standard deviation in the time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration. As shown in FIG. 8B, the control unit 64 sets a predetermined time width TR and calculates an average value mSD of a plurality of standard deviations included in the time width TR. For example, when the sampling period is 5 ms and the time width TR is 1 s, the time width TR includes about 200 standard deviations. The average value mSD can be calculated by dividing the total value of a plurality of standard deviations by the total number of standard deviations.
  • the control unit 64 calculates the average value mSD of the standard deviation for each time width TR from the start point of the time waveform of the standard deviation, while even incrementing the time width TR by a predetermined amount. Then, the control unit 64 compares the calculated average value mSD with a reference standard deviation (for example, 1 [m / s 2 ]), and selects a section where the average value mSD is equal to or less than the reference standard deviation.
  • a reference standard deviation for example, 1 [m / s 2 ]
  • the control unit 64 uses the average value mSD of the standard deviation in the selected section to set a threshold value for capturing a significant change in the standard deviation. Specifically, the control unit 64 sets a value obtained by multiplying the average value mSD by a coefficient k (k ⁇ 1) as a threshold value. That is, the threshold value is set to an average value mSD or a value larger than the average value mSD.
  • the coefficient k can be set to a suitable value in consideration of malfunction caused by wobbling after sitting and resting.
  • the coefficient k is preferably 1 ⁇ k ⁇ 10. When the coefficient k is less than 1, there is a possibility that the wobbling is erroneously determined as the standing motion. On the other hand, when the coefficient k is greater than 10, there is a risk that the standing motion will be missed.
  • the control unit 64 detects the time when the standard deviation first exceeds the threshold in the time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration (corresponding to the time T1 in the figure) as the lift time. Moreover, the control part 64 detects the time (equivalent to the time T2 in a figure) when the standard deviation last exceeded the threshold value as a seating time.
  • the first timing when the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration exceeds the threshold value can be defined as the lift time.
  • the last timing at which the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration exceeds the threshold value can be defined as the seating time.
  • the control unit 64 subtracts the lift time T1 from the seating time T2, so that it takes from the time when the subject M gets up from the chair to the time when he sits on the chair again. Calculate elapsed time.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining motor function evaluation executed by the motor function evaluation system 100 according to the embodiment.
  • the motor function evaluation device 2 executes the process shown in FIG. 9 through wireless communication with the acceleration sensor 1 by executing a motor function evaluation program.
  • the process of the flowchart shown in FIG. 9 is executed at a constant cycle, for example.
  • step S02 the signal processing circuit 24 determines whether or not the subject M is in a stationary state based on the output signal of the sensor unit 10. Specifically, when no significant change is observed in each of the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration (for example, when the fluctuation range of each acceleration is less than a threshold), the signal processing circuit 24 indicates that the subject M is stationary. It is determined that the state is present.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 proceeds to step S03, and the measured value of the sensor unit 10 when the subject M is in a stationary state is subjected to the lateral acceleration. Correct to the zero point of vertical acceleration and longitudinal acceleration. When the zero point correction is completed, the sensor unit 10 starts measuring the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration generated in the waist of the subject M in step S04. The signal processing circuit 24 converts the acceleration signal output from the sensor unit 10 into measurement data.
  • the subject M is not in a stationary state (NO determination in S02), that is, when the subject M is moving, the process ends.
  • step S05 the signal processing circuit 24 determines whether or not the subject M has started to operate based on the output signal of the sensor unit 10.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 determines that the subject M has started to move. To do.
  • step S06 the sensor unit 10 measures the vertical acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the longitudinal acceleration generated in the waist of the moving subject M.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 converts the acceleration signal output from the sensor unit 10 into measurement data.
  • the process ends.
  • step S07 the signal processing circuit 24 determines which of the storage device 68 of the motor function evaluation device 2 and the storage unit 14 of the acceleration sensor 1 is designated as the storage destination of the measurement data.
  • the signal processing circuit 24 proceeds to step S08, and transmits the measurement data to the motor function evaluation device 2 via the communication unit 16 (wireless signal transmission unit 28).
  • the signal processing circuit 24 proceeds to step S ⁇ b> 09 and stores the measurement data in the storage unit 14.
  • step S11 when the power supply 46 is turned on and started in step S11, the control unit 64 determines in step S12 whether or not an input operation indicating a measurement start instruction has been received by the operation reception unit 50. .
  • the process proceeds to step S13, and the communication unit 40 receives the measurement data of the acceleration sensor 1. The received measurement data is sent to the control unit 64.
  • the communication unit 40 further receives external data.
  • the external data includes subject identification information that is information for identifying subject M, and a data threshold list.
  • the subject identification information includes information such as the name, sex, age, height, and weight of the subject M.
  • the data threshold list is used when discriminating exercise advice corresponding to the subject M according to the evaluation result of the motor function.
  • step S15 the control unit 64 records the measurement data and external data transmitted from the acceleration sensor 1 in the storage device 68.
  • the control unit 64 generates a time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration based on the time waveform of the longitudinal acceleration included in the measurement data.
  • the control unit 64 determines that the subject M is in a stationary state and starts recording measurement data in the storage device 68. .
  • the control unit 64 further determines that the subject M is in a state where, after the fluctuation appears in the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration, the fluctuation is reduced and the state where the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration is equal to or less than the reference standard deviation continues for a certain period of time. Is determined to be in a stationary state, and the recording of the measurement data in the storage device 68 is terminated.
  • step S16 the control unit 64 evaluates the motor function of the subject M based on the measurement data recorded in the storage device 68. In step S16, the control unit 64 calculates an elapsed time from when the subject M stands up from the chair until he / she sits down again using the longitudinal waveform of the longitudinal acceleration and its standard deviation.
  • step S17 the control unit 64 displays the calculation result of the elapsed time on the display unit 48.
  • the evaluation result in step S16 is notified to the user through the display unit 48 and is stored in the storage device 68 of the motor function evaluation device 2 in association with the measurement data of the subject M.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the motor function evaluation processing procedure shown in step S16 of FIG.
  • step S161 the control unit 64 generates a time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration from the time waveform of the longitudinal acceleration.
  • step S161 the control unit 64 generates the standard deviation time waveform by calculating the standard deviation of the time waveform of the longitudinal acceleration while even the time window is set for each sampling.
  • step S162 the control unit 64 calculates the average value mSD of the standard deviation from the time waveform of the standard deviation generated in step S161.
  • the control unit 64 calculates the average value mSD of the standard deviation for each time width TR while shifting the time width TR by a predetermined amount from the start point of the time waveform of the standard deviation.
  • step S163 the control unit 64 selects an interval in the standard deviation time waveform where the average value mSD of the standard deviation is equal to or less than the reference standard deviation. Furthermore, in step S164, the control unit 64 sets a value obtained by multiplying the average value mSD in the selected section by the coefficient k (k> 1) as a threshold value.
  • step S165 the control unit 64 detects the time when the standard deviation first exceeds the threshold in the time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration as the lift time. Further, in step S166, the control unit 64 detects the time when the standard deviation has finally exceeded the threshold in the time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration as the seating time.
  • step S167 the control unit 64 uses the lift time and the seating time detected in steps S165 and S166 to calculate the elapsed time taken from when the subject M got up from the chair to sit down again. calculate.
  • the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 is based on measurement data of an inertial sensor (for example, the acceleration sensor 1) attached to the body of the subject M.
  • an inertial sensor for example, the acceleration sensor 1
  • the measurer visually measures the elapsed time using the stopwatch, it is possible to increase the accuracy of the measurement value and reduce the variation in the measurement value.
  • FIG. 11 shows the separation detected by the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 according to the present embodiment with respect to the separation time detected by analyzing the image data recording the state that the subject is performing the time-up and go test. It is the graph which showed the shift of time.
  • the graph of FIG. 11 calculates the deviation of the removal time detected by the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 with respect to the removal time detected by analyzing the image data for about 100 subjects.
  • the occurrence ratio is calculated for each magnitude of the deviation of the departure time.
  • the horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 11 shows the magnitude of the deviation of the separation time, and the vertical axis of FIG. 11 shows the ratio of the number of subjects with each deviation in all subjects.
  • the occurrence rate is the highest when the magnitude of the deviation of the lift time is 0 seconds. According to this, it can be seen that the lift time detected by the motor function evaluation apparatus 2 has high accuracy. In addition, since the magnitude of the deviation of the disengagement time accounts for 90% of the occurrence rate at 0 seconds and 0.1 seconds, the disengagement time detected by the motor function evaluation device 2 has a small variation. I understand. In other words, according to the motor function evaluation apparatus 2, it is possible to detect the lift time with high accuracy and stability.
  • the motor function evaluation system and the motor function evaluation method according to the present embodiment can reduce the deviation and variation in measured values as compared with the conventional motor function evaluation. It is possible to ensure the accuracy of the measured value at. As a result, the reliability of the motor function evaluation can be improved.
  • a series of actions of the subject M includes “rise” from the chair, “outward walk” which is a walk from the chair to the mark, and “turn” that turns around the mark.
  • the movement from the mark to the chair can be broken down into five actions: “return path walking” and “sitting” for sitting on the chair.
  • the motor function of the subject M can be evaluated in more detail.
  • control unit 64 uses the time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration shown in FIG. 12 (A), and the longitudinal acceleration in the elapsed time from the lift time to the sitting time. Can be decomposed into five sections corresponding to the above five operations.
  • control unit 64 detects the timing at which a peak value having a magnitude greater than or equal to the predetermined value SD0 appears in the time waveform of the standard deviation of the longitudinal acceleration.
  • the time waveform of the standard deviation from the lift time to the seating time includes a time when the peak value appears regularly and a time when the peak value hardly appears. Among these, it can be determined that the time when the peak value appears regularly corresponds to the time during which the subject M is walking.
  • the time waveforms of the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration can be divided into sections corresponding to the respective operations. Then, by analyzing the time waveform of the acceleration in the divided section, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the operation ability required in the section.
  • the “sway” indicating the shaking of the body of the subject M during walking can be evaluated.
  • the control unit 64 indicates the sway in the forward walk by calculating the square root of the sum of the squares of the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration corresponding to the forward walk. An index can be calculated.
  • the control unit 64 can calculate an index indicating the sway in the backward walk by calculating the square root of the sum of the squares of the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration corresponding to the backward walk.
  • the “stability” during walking of the subject M can be evaluated based on the time waveform of the acceleration corresponding to the forward walking and the backward walking.
  • control unit 64 can calculate an index indicating the time required for each of the operations of rising, forward direction, turning, return direction, and sitting.
  • the control unit 64 can quantitatively evaluate the operation ability represented by each index by scoring each calculated index with the ideal value as a perfect score. Thereby, the user can grasp
  • the motor function evaluation system 100 can be realized by using a normal computer system without using a dedicated system.
  • a program (exercise function evaluation program) for executing the above-described motor function evaluation process is stored and distributed in a computer-readable recording medium, the program is installed in the computer, and the motor function evaluation process is executed.
  • the motor function evaluation system 100 may be configured.
  • the program may be stored in a server device on a network such as the Internet and downloaded to a computer.

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Abstract

Ce dispositif d'évaluation de la fonction de moteur est configuré pour effectuer un test de lever-marcher chronométré qui mesure le temps nécessaire pour qu'un sujet se lever d'une chaise, se déplacer autour d'un panneau à une distance prédéterminée, et s'asseoir à nouveau sur la chaise. Le dispositif d'évaluation de la fonction de moteur comprend une unité de communication qui est configurée pour acquérir des données de mesure d'un capteur inertiel porté sur un corps du sujet, et une unité de commande qui est configurée pour détecter un temps de levée auquel le sujet se lève de la chaise et un temps d'assise auquel le sujet est assis sur la chaise sur la base des données de mesure acquises par l'unité de communication, et pour calculer le temps nécessaire à l'aide du temps de levée et du temps d'assise détectés.
PCT/JP2018/047766 2018-03-13 2018-12-26 Dispositif, système, programme et procédé d'évaluation de la fonction de moteur Ceased WO2019176229A1 (fr)

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