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WO2019171680A1 - Dispositif de surveillance de batterie, dispositif de module de batterie et système de surveillance de batterie - Google Patents

Dispositif de surveillance de batterie, dispositif de module de batterie et système de surveillance de batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019171680A1
WO2019171680A1 PCT/JP2018/044104 JP2018044104W WO2019171680A1 WO 2019171680 A1 WO2019171680 A1 WO 2019171680A1 JP 2018044104 W JP2018044104 W JP 2018044104W WO 2019171680 A1 WO2019171680 A1 WO 2019171680A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
unit
current
secondary battery
monitoring device
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2018/044104
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
裕章 武智
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a battery monitoring device, a battery module device, and a battery monitoring system.
  • This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-43056 filed on Mar. 9, 2018, and incorporates all the content described in the above Japanese application.
  • HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • EV Electric Vehicle
  • the secondary battery is an assembled battery formed by connecting a plurality of unit batteries in series and parallel.
  • it is necessary to perform appropriate control according to the state of the battery. For example, cell balance processing, charge / discharge stop processing, current limiting processing, and the like are required.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a battery monitoring device in which each battery module is provided with a voltage measurement unit that detects the voltage of each battery module constituting the secondary battery and serially transmits the detected voltage to the ECU.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a battery monitoring system that detects the voltage of each unit battery constituting a secondary battery and monitors the state of the secondary battery.
  • Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a technique for detecting the voltage of each unit battery constituting a secondary battery.
  • LTC6804-1 / LTC6804-2 Multi-cell battery monitor [online], Linear Technology Corporation, [Search March 4, 2018], Internet (URL: http://cds.linear.com/docs /jp/datasheet/j680412f.pdf) Junichi Kobayashi, ⁇ Wireless battery management system '', Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, February 2018, Vol.72, p.61-66
  • the battery monitoring apparatus is a battery monitoring apparatus that monitors a plurality of unit batteries included in a secondary battery, and includes a voltage acquisition unit that acquires voltages of the plurality of unit batteries, and a current of the secondary battery. Based on the current acquisition unit to acquire, the temperature acquisition unit to acquire the temperature of the secondary battery, the acquired voltage of the plurality of unit cells, the current of the secondary battery, and the temperature of the secondary battery, A state calculation unit that calculates the states of the plurality of unit batteries, and a transmission unit that transmits state information indicating the calculated states of the plurality of unit batteries.
  • the present application can be realized not only as a battery monitoring apparatus including such a characteristic processing unit, but also as a battery monitoring method using such characteristic processing as a step, or executing such a step on a computer. It can be realized as a program for making it happen. Also, it can be realized as a semiconductor integrated circuit that realizes part or all of the electronic monitoring device, or can be realized as another system including the electronic monitoring device.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the battery monitoring system which concerns on this Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the battery monitoring apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the function structural example of the module control part which concerns on this Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the equivalent circuit model of a unit battery. It is explanatory drawing which shows the equivalent circuit model of a unit battery. It is explanatory drawing which shows the equivalent circuit model of a unit battery. It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the status information of the unit battery which a battery status memory
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure related to monitoring of a unit battery according to the first embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence which concerns on the output and deletion of battery status information. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence which concerns on the monitoring of the unit battery which concerns on this Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure related to monitoring of a unit battery according to the first embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence which concerns on the output and deletion of battery status information. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence which concerns on the monitoring of the unit battery which concerns on this Embodiment 2.
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2 Although the voltage of each unit battery constituting the secondary battery is monitored, the battery monitoring device does not accurately grasp the state of each unit battery. For this reason, there is a technical problem that the state of each unit battery cannot be accurately grasped and appropriate control according to the state of each unit battery cannot be performed.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery monitoring device, a battery module device, and a battery monitoring system capable of grasping the state of each unit battery constituting a secondary battery that is an assembled battery.
  • the battery monitoring apparatus is a battery monitoring apparatus that monitors a plurality of unit batteries included in a secondary battery, the voltage acquisition unit acquiring each voltage of the plurality of unit batteries, and the secondary battery A current acquisition unit configured to acquire a battery current; a temperature acquisition unit configured to acquire a temperature of the secondary battery; the acquired voltages of the plurality of unit cells; currents of the secondary battery; and temperatures of the secondary battery. And a transmission unit for transmitting state information indicating the calculated states of the plurality of unit batteries.
  • the battery monitoring device calculates the state of each of the plurality of unit batteries constituting the secondary battery. Specifically, the battery monitoring device acquires the voltage of each of the plurality of unit batteries. In addition, the battery monitoring device acquires the current and temperature of the secondary battery. The current is a common current that flows through a plurality of unit batteries to be monitored. The temperature is not particularly limited as long as the state of each unit battery to be monitored can be grasped with a required accuracy. When ten unit batteries are to be monitored, the temperature may be detected at two locations, may be monitored at three or more locations, or the temperatures of all unit cells may be detected. Then, the state calculation unit of the battery monitoring device calculates the state of each unit battery based on the acquired voltage, current, and temperature of each unit battery.
  • the transmission unit of the battery monitoring device transmits state information indicating the calculated state of each unit battery.
  • the transmission destination of the state information is, for example, an in-vehicle control device that controls charging / discharging of the secondary battery.
  • the battery monitoring apparatus of this aspect does not necessarily monitor all the unit batteries which comprise a secondary battery, and may monitor some of the several unit batteries which comprise a secondary battery. . That is, the state of each unit battery constituting the secondary battery may be shared and calculated using a plurality of battery monitoring devices.
  • the transmission destination of the state information is not limited to the in-vehicle control device, and the battery monitoring device is configured to transmit the state information to a terminal device used by the vehicle driver or any other external communication device. Also good.
  • the battery state storage unit stores the state information of each unit battery constituting the secondary battery and the identifier of each unit battery in association with each other. Therefore, the state of each unit battery constituting the secondary battery can be grasped only by reading the state information and the identifier from the battery state storage unit. For example, when a secondary battery is disassembled into unit batteries and individual unit batteries are reused, it is necessary to grasp the state of each unit battery. In this case, the operator can easily grasp the battery status of each individual unit battery simply by reading the status information and the identifier from the battery status storage unit of the battery monitoring device. There is no need to inspect the state of each unit cell, and the unit cell can be reused efficiently.
  • a configuration including a deletion processing unit that deletes the state information and identifier stored in the battery state storage unit is preferable.
  • the battery state monitoring device can delete the state information and the identifier stored in the battery state storage unit as necessary. For example, when the unit battery to be monitored is changed by battery replacement, the information in the battery state storage unit can be deleted, and the state information and identifier of the unit battery that is a new monitoring target can be stored in the battery state storage unit. .
  • the transmission unit preferably transmits the state information of the plurality of unit batteries wirelessly.
  • the state information of each unit battery constituting the secondary battery can be transmitted wirelessly. Therefore, a communication line that connects the battery monitoring device and a device to which state information is transmitted, for example, an in-vehicle control device, is not necessary.
  • a communication line that connects the battery monitoring device and a device to which state information is transmitted, for example, an in-vehicle control device.
  • the communication line becomes longer and the workability during assembly becomes a problem. Further, when the communication line becomes longer, it is necessary to develop technology for ensuring reliability against noise. According to this aspect, by eliminating the communication line, the assembly work of the secondary battery and the monitoring device can be simplified, and the reliability against noise can be ensured.
  • the current acquisition unit acquires the current of the secondary battery by receiving information on the current wirelessly transmitted from a current detection unit provided in the secondary battery.
  • the state information includes at least one of a full charge capacity, a charge rate, a deterioration degree, and a battery equivalent circuit parameter of the plurality of unit batteries.
  • a battery module device includes any one of the battery monitoring devices according to the aspects (1) to (6) and a plurality of unit batteries connected in series.
  • the battery module which comprises a part.
  • the state of each unit battery constituting the battery module can be grasped for each battery module.
  • the battery monitoring device and the battery module are unitized.
  • the battery module and the battery monitoring device constituting the battery module device are unitized, and a secondary battery is configured by combining a plurality of unitized battery module devices. Therefore, even when some of the battery modules constituting the secondary battery become defective, the secondary battery can be used again by replacing only the battery module device. The entire secondary battery is replaced, so there is no need for repair, and it is easy to maintain.
  • the unitized battery monitoring device and the battery module have a certain outer shape as a whole. Since the outer shape of the battery module device is constant, when the secondary battery is configured by combining a plurality of battery module devices, a part of the battery module device constituting the secondary battery is replaced with another new battery module device. It is possible to replace it with the other, and the replacement is easy.
  • the plurality of unit cells have a plate shape, the plurality of unit cells are stacked in the thickness direction, and the battery monitoring device is fixed to one end side in the stacking direction of the plurality of stacked unit cells.
  • the configuration is preferred.
  • the entire battery module and battery monitoring device can be configured compactly. Further, since the battery monitoring device is arranged on one end side of the unit cells in the stacking direction, the battery module device is easy to assemble and is excellent in maintainability. Even if one of the battery module and the battery monitoring device becomes defective, the battery module or the battery monitoring device can be easily replaced.
  • the unit battery has a rectangular plate shape, and the plurality of unit batteries arranged in a stack form a quadrangular prism shape as a whole, and the plurality of unit batteries each have a pair of electrode terminals at both end portions of one side surface.
  • the plurality of electrode terminals at each end are linearly arranged in the stacking direction, and the battery monitoring device is on one end side in the stacking direction of the plurality of unit cells stacked and on the one side surface side.
  • the circuit board is disposed along the arrangement of the plurality of electrode terminals, and one end is connected to the electrode terminal and the other end is connected to the circuit board.
  • the lead wire connecting the battery monitoring device and the electrode terminal of each unit battery can be minimized.
  • a battery monitoring system receives a plurality of battery module devices according to aspects (7) to (10) and state information transmitted from the plurality of battery module devices, and receives the received state information. And a vehicle-mounted control device that performs control related to charging and discharging of the secondary battery.
  • the secondary battery is composed of a plurality of battery modules, and each battery module is provided with a battery monitoring device.
  • the battery monitoring device calculates the state of each of the plurality of unit batteries constituting the battery module, and transmits the state information obtained by the calculation to the on-vehicle control device.
  • the in-vehicle control device receives state information transmitted from the plurality of battery module devices.
  • the in-vehicle control device can control charging / discharging of the secondary battery while grasping the state of each of the plurality of unit batteries constituting the secondary battery. Therefore, the secondary battery deterioration avoidance control can be performed more precisely, and the performance of the secondary battery can be extracted.
  • the in-vehicle control device includes a request information transmitting unit that transmits request information for requesting status information, and the plurality of battery module devices receive request information received from the in-vehicle control device. And a determination unit that determines presence / absence of abnormality of the plurality of unit batteries based on the state information, and when the transmission unit receives the request information, the state information of the plurality of unit cells is A configuration is preferable in which the state information of the unit battery is transmitted when it is transmitted to the in-vehicle control device and determined to be abnormal by the determination unit.
  • the battery monitoring device of the battery module device basically transmits the unit battery status information to the in-vehicle control device when requested by the in-vehicle control device.
  • the monitoring device of the battery module device calculates the state of the unit battery at the required timing and determines whether there is an abnormality. If it is determined that there is an abnormality, the unit battery state information is transmitted to the in-vehicle control device. To do. Therefore, it is possible to monitor the presence / absence of an abnormality in each unit battery and promptly notify the vehicle-mounted control device when an abnormality occurs.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the battery monitoring system according to the first embodiment.
  • the battery monitoring system according to the first embodiment includes a plurality of battery module devices 1, a current detection device 2, and an in-vehicle control device 3 that constitute the secondary battery 10.
  • the secondary battery 10 is, for example, a lithium ion battery or a nickel hydride battery formed by connecting a plurality of unit batteries 11a in series.
  • a lithium ion and nickel metal hydride battery are examples of the secondary battery 10, The kind and output voltage are not specifically limited.
  • Each battery module device 1 includes a plurality of unit batteries 11a connected in series, and includes a battery module 11 that constitutes a part of the secondary battery 10 and a battery monitoring device 12 that monitors the state of the battery module 11.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 monitors each unit battery 11a by calculating the state of each of the plurality of unit batteries 11a constituting the battery module 11 to be monitored, and wirelessly transmits the calculated state information.
  • the battery module 11 and the battery monitoring device 12 are unitized (see FIGS. 7 and 8).
  • the secondary battery 10 is configured by connecting battery modules 11 of a plurality of battery module devices 1 in series.
  • the secondary battery 10 is configured by serially connecting ten battery modules 11 including eleven unit batteries 11a (see FIG. 6).
  • the current detection device 2 includes a current detection circuit 21 that detects a current such as a charging current and a discharge current flowing through the secondary battery 10, a current detection control unit 22, and a current information transmission unit 23.
  • the current detection circuit 21 includes, for example, a shunt resistor for detecting the current of the secondary battery 10.
  • the shunt resistor is connected in series with the secondary battery 10.
  • the current detection circuit 21 detects the voltage across the shunt resistor.
  • the current detection control unit 22 converts the voltage across the shunt resistor into a current, and wirelessly transmits information indicating the current of the secondary battery 10 to each of the plurality of battery monitoring devices 12 using the current information transmission unit 23. Since the battery module 11 to the unit battery 11a are connected in series, the current flowing through each unit battery 11a can be indirectly detected by detecting the current at one end of the secondary battery 10.
  • the configuration including the shunt resistor is an example of the current detection circuit 21, and a known current sensor such as a current detection using a Hall element can be used.
  • the in-vehicle control device 3 includes an in-vehicle device control unit 31 and an in-vehicle device wireless communication unit 32.
  • the in-vehicle device wireless communication unit 32 is a communication circuit that transmits and receives various kinds of information necessary for monitoring the state of the secondary battery 10 or the unit battery 11a with the plurality of battery module devices 1.
  • the in-vehicle device control unit 31 performs wireless communication with each of the battery monitoring devices 12 of the plurality of battery module devices 1 via the in-vehicle device wireless communication unit 32 to monitor the state of the secondary battery 10 or the unit battery 11a.
  • the in-vehicle device wireless communication unit 32 manages the timing at which the state of the secondary battery 10 should be monitored, and requests the status information of the unit batteries 11a constituting the secondary battery 10 at the required timing. Request information to be transmitted to each battery module 11. And the vehicle equipment control part 31 receives the status information transmitted from each battery module 11 in response to the request by the vehicle equipment wireless communication part 32. And the vehicle equipment control part 31 grasps
  • the onboard unit control unit 31 executes a process for stopping the charge / discharge.
  • the vehicle equipment control part 31 determines the presence or absence of the charging capacity variation of each unit battery 11a, and performs the process which ensures a cell balance.
  • the in-vehicle device control unit 31 performs charge energy transfer between the unit batteries 11a, or ensures cell balance by forced discharge of the unit batteries 11a.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the battery monitoring device 12 according to the first embodiment. Since the plurality of battery module devices 1 have the same configuration, the configuration of one battery module device 1 will be described.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 includes a module control unit 12a that controls the operation of the entire device, a cell voltage detection circuit 12b, a temperature detection circuit 12c, a wireless communication unit 12d, a battery state storage unit 12e, and a power supply circuit 12f.
  • the cell voltage detection circuit 12b detects the voltage of each of the plurality of unit batteries 11a constituting the battery module 11, and outputs information indicating the voltage of each unit battery 11a to the module control unit 12a. For example, when the battery module 11 is composed of 11 unit batteries 11a, the cell battery detection circuit detects the voltage across all the 11 unit batteries 11a.
  • the temperature detection circuit 12c detects the temperature of the battery module 11 or the unit battery 11a at one or more predetermined locations of the battery module 11, and outputs information indicating the temperature to the module control unit 12a.
  • the temperature detection circuit 12c includes, for example, a thermistor.
  • the thermistor of the temperature detection circuit 12 c is arranged at a predetermined location of the secondary battery 10.
  • the temperature detection circuit 12c detects the both-end voltage of the thermistor, converts the detected both-end voltage into a temperature, and outputs information indicating the temperature to the module control unit 12a.
  • the configuration including the thermistor is an example of the temperature detection circuit 12c, and a known temperature sensor can be used, such as detecting the temperature using a resistance temperature detector, a semiconductor temperature sensor, a thermocouple, or the like.
  • the wireless communication unit 12d is a communication circuit that wirelessly transmits and receives various information necessary for monitoring the secondary battery 10 or the battery module 11 between the current detection device 2 and the vehicle-mounted control device 3.
  • the module control unit 12a includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a timer, a microcomputer having an input / output interface, and a dedicated LSI (Large) for detecting the state of the unit battery 11a. -Scale Integration), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and the like.
  • the input / output interface of the module control unit 12a is connected to the cell voltage detection circuit 12b, the temperature detection circuit 12c, the wireless communication unit 12d, and the battery state storage unit 12e.
  • the module control unit 12a includes information indicating the voltage of each unit battery 11a output from the cell voltage detection circuit 12b, information indicating the temperature output from the temperature detection circuit 12c, and the secondary received by the wireless communication unit 12d. Information indicating the current flowing through the battery 10 or the unit battery 11a is acquired. And the module control part 12a calculates the state of each unit battery 11a based on the acquired voltage, temperature, and current information. For example, the module control unit 12a calculates the full charge capacity (FCC: Full Charge Capacity), the charging rate (SOC: State of Charge), the degree of deterioration (SOH: State of Health), and the battery equivalent circuit parameters of each unit battery 11a. To do.
  • FCC Full Charge Capacity
  • SOC State of Charge
  • SOH State of Health
  • the module control unit 12a transmits state information indicating the calculated state of each unit battery 11a to the in-vehicle control device 3 through the wireless communication unit 12d. In addition, the module control unit 12a stores the calculated state information in the battery state storage unit 12e. Specific functions and various processing procedures of the module control unit 12a will be described later.
  • the battery state storage unit 12e is a nonvolatile memory such as an EEPROM (ElectricallyrErasable Programmable ROM) or a flash memory.
  • the battery state storage unit 12e stores the state information of each unit battery 11a calculated by the module control unit 12a and the cell ID for identifying the unit battery 11a in association with each other.
  • the power supply circuit 12 f converts the power supplied from the secondary battery 10 into a voltage suitable for driving the battery monitoring device 12 and supplies power to each component of the battery monitoring device 12.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of the module control unit 12a according to the first embodiment.
  • the module control unit 12a includes a control unit 121 that controls the entire apparatus, a voltage acquisition unit 122, a current acquisition unit 123, a temperature acquisition unit 124, a storage unit 125, a timer 126, a communication processing unit 127, a current integration unit 128, and a charge rate calculation.
  • the voltage acquisition unit 122 acquires information on the voltage output from the cell voltage detection circuit 12b as the voltage between the electrode terminals 11b of each of the plurality of unit batteries 11a (see FIG. 7). In particular, the voltage acquisition unit 122 acquires the voltage between the electrode terminals 11b of the unit battery 11a when the vehicle start switch (not shown) is in an off state and charging / discharging such as cell balance is not performed. The open circuit voltage of the unit battery 11a can be acquired.
  • the in-vehicle control device 3 controls charging / discharging of the secondary battery 10 and monitors the on / off state of the start switch
  • the battery monitoring device 12 communicates with the in-vehicle control device 3 to thereby turn on / off the start switch. Can be recognized.
  • the current acquisition unit 123 acquires information on the current (charging current and discharging current) of the secondary battery 10 received by the wireless communication unit 12d as the current of the unit battery 11a.
  • the temperature acquisition unit 124 acquires the temperature information output from the temperature detection circuit 12c as the temperature of the battery module 11 or the unit battery 11a.
  • the control unit 121 can control the sampling period for acquiring the voltage and current.
  • the sampling period can be, for example, 10 ms, but is not limited thereto.
  • storage part 125 has memorize
  • the charging rate tends to increase as the open circuit voltage of the unit battery 11a increases. Since the correlation changes depending on the temperature and the degree of deterioration, it is preferable to store the correlation for each of a plurality of temperatures and degrees of deterioration.
  • the storage unit 125 stores initial full charge capacity or battery equivalent circuit parameters of each of the plurality of unit batteries 11a as information for calculating the deterioration degree of the unit battery 11a.
  • the relationship between the increase rate of the internal resistance and the discharge capacity ratio corresponding to the degree of deterioration may be stored.
  • the larger the internal resistance increase rate the smaller the discharge capacity ratio. That is, the degree of deterioration increases.
  • the timer 126 outputs the time measurement result to the control unit 121.
  • the timer 126 measures the date and time when the state information of each unit battery 11a is calculated.
  • the communication processing unit 127 controls communication performed with the in-vehicle device control unit 31 and executes processing for acquiring information transmitted from the in-vehicle control device 3.
  • the module control unit 12a can recognize the on / off state of a start switch (not shown) of the vehicle by communicating with the in-vehicle control device 3. Moreover, the process which transmits the status information etc. which were calculated in the module control part 12a to the vehicle-mounted control apparatus 3 is performed.
  • the interruption relay (not shown) can be opened and charging / discharging of the secondary battery 10 can be stopped.
  • the current integration unit 128 integrates the current acquired by the current acquisition unit 123.
  • the integrated value of current is obtained by integrating the current with time, and corresponds to the amount of change in the charge amount.
  • the integrated value of the current is positive in the case of charging and negative in the case of discharging.
  • the integrated value in a certain period can be positive or negative depending on the value of the charging current and discharging current in the period.
  • the timing for starting the integration is the activation timing of the secondary battery 10 or the battery monitoring device 12 itself, and the current integration unit 128 continuously calculates the integration value.
  • the integrated value may be reset at a predetermined timing.
  • the battery equivalent circuit parameter calculation unit 130 calculates resistance and capacitor values representing the equivalent circuit model of the unit battery 11a (hereinafter, these resistance and capacitor values are referred to as internal parameters or battery equivalent circuit parameters).
  • FIG. 4A, 4B, and 4C are explanatory diagrams showing an equivalent circuit model of the unit battery 11a.
  • FIG. 4A is an equivalent circuit model of the unit battery 11a according to the present embodiment.
  • This equivalent circuit model is represented by a circuit in which a resistor Ra and a parallel circuit of a resistor Rb and a capacitor Cb are connected in series to a voltage source having an OCV as an electromotive force.
  • the resistance Ra corresponds to the electrolyte resistance.
  • the resistor Rb corresponds to the charge transfer resistance, and the capacitor Cb corresponds to the electric double layer capacitance.
  • the resistor Ra may include a charge transfer resistor, and the resistor Rb may correspond to a diffused resistor.
  • the equivalent circuit model of the unit battery 11a is not limited to that shown in FIG. 4A.
  • uL (k) b0 ⁇ i (k) + b1 ⁇ i (k ⁇ 1) ⁇ a1 ⁇ uL (k ⁇ 1) + (1 + a1) ⁇ OCV (1)
  • b0 Ra (2)
  • b1 Ts ⁇ Ra / (Rb ⁇ Cb) + Ts / Cb ⁇ Ra (3)
  • a1 Ts / (RbCb) ⁇ 1 (4)
  • Ra b0 (5)
  • Rb (b1 ⁇ a1 ⁇ b0) / (1 + a1) (6)
  • Cb Ts / (b1-a1 ⁇ b0) (7)
  • the coefficients b0, b1, and a1 are determined by applying the successive least squares method to the equation (1), and the determined parameters are substituted into the equations (5) to (7) to obtain the internal parameters Ra, Rb, and Cb is estimated. It is assumed that the OCV is constant while estimating each internal parameter.
  • the estimated internal parameter may be corrected according to the temperature acquired by the temperature acquisition unit 124.
  • the internal parameters Ra, Rb, and Cb can be calculated using a Kalman filter. Specifically, an observation vector when an input signal represented by a terminal voltage and a current is given to the unit battery 11a, and a state vector when the same input signal as described above is given to the equivalent circuit model of the unit battery 11a, And multiplying these errors by the Kalman gain and feeding back to the equivalent circuit model, the correction of the equivalent circuit model is repeated so that the errors of both vectors are minimized. Thereby, an internal parameter is estimated.
  • the full charge capacity calculation unit 131 calculates a unit full charge amount of each of the plurality of unit batteries 11a.
  • the charging rate calculation unit 129 is in an off state within the first trip period from the on time point of the start switch related to the charge / discharge operation of the secondary battery 10 to the next on time point.
  • the first charging rate is calculated based on the first open circuit voltage acquired by the voltage acquisition unit 122 at the first time point.
  • the trip indicates a period starting from the time when the start switch is turned on and ending at the time when the start switch is once turned off and then turned on.
  • the voltage acquisition unit 122 acquires the first open voltage of each unit battery 11a at the first time point.
  • the charging rate can be calculated from the open-circuit voltage based on the correlation between the predetermined open-circuit voltage of the unit battery 11a and the charging rate.
  • the charging rate calculation unit 129 receives the second open-circuit voltage acquired by the voltage acquisition unit 122 at the second time point in which the start switch is in the off state in the second trip period that is the next trip period after the first trip period.
  • the second charging rate is calculated based on The first charging rate is represented as SOC1, and the second charging rate is represented as SOC2.
  • the current integration unit 128 calculates the charge / discharge amount of the secondary battery 10 based on the charge / discharge current acquired by the current acquisition unit 123 between the first time point and the second time point.
  • the charge / discharge amount from the first time point to the second time point is represented by ⁇ C.
  • the deterioration degree calculation unit 132 compares the full charge capacity of the unit battery 11a calculated by the full charge capacity calculation unit 131 with the initial full charge capacity stored in the storage unit 125, thereby calculating the deterioration degree. calculate.
  • the degree of deterioration is expressed by the following equation.
  • the deterioration degree calculation unit 132 increases the internal resistance calculated by the battery equivalent circuit parameter calculation unit 130 and the correlation between the internal resistance increase rate and the discharge capacity ratio of each unit battery 11a stored in the storage unit 125.
  • the degree of deterioration of the unit battery 11a may be calculated based on the rate.
  • the deterioration degree calculation unit 132 may calculate the degree of deterioration by comparing the initial battery equivalent parameter of each unit battery 11a stored in the storage unit 125 with the current battery equivalent circuit parameter.
  • FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the state information of the unit battery 11a stored in the battery state storage unit 12e.
  • the charging rate, battery equivalent circuit parameter, and full charge capacity of each unit battery 11a calculated by the charging rate calculation unit 129, battery equivalent circuit parameter calculation unit 130, full charge capacity calculation unit 131, and deterioration degree calculation unit 132 of the module control unit 12a.
  • the battery state storage unit associates a sensor ID for identifying the unit battery 11a, a module ID for identifying the battery module device 1, and information indicating the calculation date and time of each battery information. 12e.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a secondary battery 10 and a battery monitoring device 12 in which the battery module device 1 according to the first embodiment is connected in series
  • FIG. 7 is a configuration example of the battery module device 1 according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating a configuration example of the battery module device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the plurality of battery module devices 1 have a quadrangular prism shape as a whole, and have substantially the same shape.
  • the plurality of battery module devices 1 are arranged in the longitudinal direction and the short direction of the battery module device 1, and the battery modules 11 are connected in series to form a secondary battery 10.
  • 2 ⁇ 5 10 battery modules 11 are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction, and form a square plate as a whole.
  • the plurality of unit batteries 11a constituting the battery module 11 have a plate shape, and the unit batteries 11a are stacked in the thickness direction.
  • Each unit battery 11a has a pair of electrode terminals 11b at both ends of one side surface (the upper surface in FIGS. 7 and 8), and the plurality of electrode terminals 11b at each end are linearly arranged in the stacking direction. Yes.
  • the stacked unit cells 11a are held by a holding member 1a.
  • the holding member 1a extends to one end side in the stacking direction to form a substantially rectangular parallelepiped portion, and the battery monitoring device 12 is supported on the one surface side (the upper surface side in FIGS. 7 and 8) of the substantially rectangular parallelepiped portion.
  • a support plate 12g is provided.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 includes a circuit board 12h on which a cell voltage detection circuit 12b, a temperature detection circuit 12c, a module control unit 12a, a wireless communication unit 12d, a battery state storage unit 12e, and a power supply circuit 12f are arranged.
  • the circuit board 12h is supported by the support plate 12g substantially parallel to one side surface on which the electrode terminals 11b of the unit battery 11a are arranged.
  • a connection terminal 12i is provided at an appropriate location on the circuit board 12h, on the unit battery 11a side.
  • the electrode terminals 11b of the plurality of unit cells 11a are connected to the connection terminals 12i by conducting wires 12j.
  • the conducting wire 12j is wired along the arrangement of the electrode terminals 11b arranged in the stacking direction, one end is connected to one electrode terminal 11b of the unit battery 11a, and the other end is connected to the connection terminal 12i.
  • the cell voltage detection circuit 12b is electrically connected to the connection terminal 12i, and is configured to detect a voltage between the electrode terminals 11b of each unit battery 11a.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for monitoring the unit battery 11a according to the first embodiment.
  • the in-vehicle control device 3 wirelessly transmits request information for requesting the state information of the unit battery 11a to the battery monitoring device 12 at a predetermined timing (step S11).
  • the in-vehicle control device 3 transmits request information for each battery module device 1.
  • Battery monitoring device 12 receives the request information at wireless communication unit 12d (step S12).
  • the battery monitoring device 12 that has received the request information acquires voltage information of each unit battery 11a constituting the battery module 11 (step S13), and acquires temperature information (step S14).
  • the battery monitoring device 12 wirelessly transmits current request information for requesting current information to the current detection device 2 using the wireless communication unit 12d (step S15).
  • the current detection device 2 receives the current request information transmitted from the battery monitoring device 12 (step S16).
  • the current detection device 2 that has received the current request information detects the current of the secondary battery 10 (step S17), and wirelessly transmits the current information obtained by the detection to the battery monitoring device 12 (step S18).
  • the battery monitoring device 12 acquires the current information transmitted from the current detection device 2 via the wireless communication unit 12d (step S19). Then, the battery monitoring device 12 calculates the battery state based on the acquired voltage, current, and temperature information between the electrode terminals 11b of each unit battery 11a (step S20). Specifically, the battery monitoring device 12 calculates a charging rate, a battery equivalent circuit parameter, a full charge capacity, a deterioration degree, and the like of each unit battery 11a. Next, the battery monitoring device 12 wirelessly transmits the state information of each unit battery 11a obtained by calculation to the in-vehicle control device 3 through the wireless communication unit 12d (step S21).
  • the in-vehicle control device 3 receives the state information transmitted from the battery monitoring device 12 (step S22), and executes processing related to charge / discharge based on the received state information (step S23). For example, the in-vehicle control device 3 determines the presence / absence of overcharge and overdischarge based on the state information of each unit battery 11a, and executes a process of stopping charge / discharge as necessary. Moreover, when the cell balance of each unit battery 11a is broken, charge / discharge of each unit battery 11a is controlled to perform cell balance.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for outputting and erasing battery state information.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 determines whether an information output command has been received from the outside (step S51). For example, the battery monitoring device 12 receives an information output command at the wireless communication unit 12d.
  • a communication port (not shown) may be provided on the circuit board 12h, and an information output command may be received via the communication port.
  • the information output command is a command for instructing output of state information of each unit battery 11 a constituting the battery module 11.
  • the operator can obtain the status information of each unit battery 11a by giving an information output command to the battery monitoring device 12.
  • step S51 If it is determined that the information output command has been received (step S51: YES), the battery monitoring device 12 reads the state information of each unit battery 11a from the battery state storage unit 12e (step S52), and the read unit battery 11a is read. Status information is output to the outside (step S53). For example, the battery monitoring device 12 wirelessly transmits the state information to the outside using the wireless communication unit 12d. Similarly to the information output command, the status information may be output to the outside via the communication port. Since the state information is associated with the cell ID of each unit battery 11a, the operator can grasp the state of each of the plurality of unit batteries 11a.
  • step S51 NO
  • step S53 the battery monitoring device 12 determines whether an erasure command has been received.
  • the erasure command is a command given by the operator to the battery monitoring device 12 when the battery module 11 is replaced and the battery state storage unit 12e is reset.
  • step S54 If it is determined that the erase command has not been received (step S54: NO), the battery monitoring device 12 ends the process. If it is determined that an erasure command has been received (step S54: YES), the battery monitoring device 12 erases the information stored in the battery state storage unit 12e (step S55), and notifies that the erasure has been completed (step S56). ) Finish the process. For example, the battery monitoring device 12 wirelessly transmits information indicating that the erasure of the state information has been completed to the outside using the wireless communication unit 12d.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 the battery module device 1, and the battery monitoring system configured as described above, it is possible to grasp the state of each unit battery 11 a constituting the secondary battery 10 that is an assembled battery. And the vehicle-mounted control apparatus 3 can control charging / discharging of the secondary battery 10, grasping
  • the state information of each unit battery 11a can be read from the battery monitoring device 12.
  • the battery state storage unit 12e can be erased from the outside, and only the battery module 11 constituting the battery module device 1 can be replaced.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 performs wireless communication with the in-vehicle control device 3 and monitors the state of each unit battery 11a, it is possible to ensure reliability against noise. Moreover, the assemblability of the battery module device 1 and the battery monitoring system can be improved.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 performs wireless communication with the current detection device 2 and acquires the current information of the secondary battery 10, it is possible to ensure reliability against noise. Moreover, the assemblability of the battery module device 1 and the battery monitoring system can be improved.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 can calculate, store and wirelessly transmit the full charge capacity, the charging rate, the deterioration degree, and the battery equivalent circuit parameters of each unit battery 11a to the outside.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 can grasp the state of the unit battery 11 a constituting the battery module 11 in units of the battery module 11 constituting a part of the secondary battery 10.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 and the battery module 11 are unitized, if some of the battery modules 11 constituting the secondary battery 10 are defective, if only the battery module device 1 is replaced, The secondary battery 10 can be used again. It is possible to configure the secondary battery 10 or the battery monitoring system that is excellent in maintainability by replacing the entire secondary battery 10 without the need for repair.
  • the battery module 11 and the monitoring device can be configured compactly. Further, since the pond monitoring device is arranged on one end side in the stacking direction of the unit batteries 11a, the battery module device 1 can be easily assembled and has excellent maintainability. When either the battery module 11 or the battery monitoring device 12 becomes defective, the battery module 11 or the battery monitoring device 12 can be easily replaced.
  • the conductor 12j connecting the battery monitoring device 12 and the electrode terminal 11b of each unit battery 11a can be shortened, and noise resistance can be ensured.
  • the battery module apparatus 1, the current detection apparatus 2, and the vehicle-mounted control apparatus 3 demonstrated the example which transmits / receives information wirelessly in this embodiment, you may comprise so that information may be transmitted / received by wired communication.
  • the secondary battery 10 is configured by connecting a plurality of unit cells 11a in series has been described, but the secondary battery 10 may be configured by connecting a plurality of unit cells 11a in series and parallel.
  • a current detection circuit 21 is provided in one battery module device 1, and the one battery module device 1 is another battery module device.
  • the information on the current of the secondary battery 10 may be transmitted to 1.
  • the vehicle-mounted control device 3 directly transmits and receives information to and from each battery module device 1
  • the battery module devices 1 also perform wireless communication
  • the vehicle-mounted control device 3 is Wireless communication with other battery module devices 1 may be performed via the battery module device 1.
  • the in-vehicle control device 3 becomes unable to perform wireless communication with the other battery module device 1 due to deterioration of the communication environment, it communicates with the other battery module device 1 via the one battery module device 1. Also good. The same applies to the current information.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for monitoring the unit battery 11a according to the second embodiment. Since the battery monitoring system according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in the processing procedure relating to the monitoring of the unit battery 11a, the difference will be mainly described below. Since other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the embodiment, the corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • Battery monitoring device 12 performs the following processing periodically at a predetermined timing, separately from the state information transmission / reception processing according to the first embodiment.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 performs the same processing as steps S13 to S20 in steps S71 to S78, and calculates the state information of each unit battery 11a.
  • the battery monitoring device 12 determines whether or not each unit battery 11a is abnormal based on the calculated state information (step S79). For example, it is determined whether each unit battery 11a is overcharged, overdischarged, overcurrent, or the like. When it determines with there being no abnormality (step S79: NO), the battery monitoring apparatus 12 complete
  • step S79 If it is determined that there is an abnormality (step S79: YES), the battery monitoring device 12 voluntarily uses the in-vehicle control device 12d for the state information of the unit battery 11a having the abnormality or all the unit batteries 11a. 3 (step S80).
  • the in-vehicle control device 3 receives the state information transmitted from the battery monitoring device 12 (step S81), and executes processing related to charge / discharge based on the received state information (step S82).
  • the battery monitoring device 12 monitors whether or not the unit battery 11a is abnormal.
  • the state information of the unit battery 11a is voluntarily wirelessly transmitted to the in-vehicle control device 3. Can do. Therefore, the battery monitoring system can more accurately monitor the state of the secondary battery 10 and control charging / discharging.
  • the wireless monitoring device 12 fails in wireless communication with the in-vehicle control device 3, the battery monitoring device 12 may stop charging / discharging by opening the cutoff relay that cuts off the power supply to the secondary battery 10.

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de surveillance de batterie destiné à surveiller chaque batterie unitaire d'une batterie rechargeable formée en raccordant une pluralité de batteries unitaires, ledit dispositif de surveillance comprenant : une unité d'acquisition de tension destinée à acquérir les tensions de la pluralité de batteries unitaires ; une unité d'acquisition de courant destinée à acquérir le courant de la batterie rechargeable ; une unité d'acquisition de température destinée à acquérir la température de la batterie rechargeable ; une unité de calcul d'état destinée à calculer les états respectifs de la pluralité de batteries unitaires sur la base de la tension acquise de chaque batterie unitaire, du courant de la batterie rechargeable et de la température de la batterie rechargeable ; et une unité de transmission destinée à transmettre des informations d'état indiquant l'état calculé de chaque batterie unitaire.
PCT/JP2018/044104 2018-03-09 2018-11-30 Dispositif de surveillance de batterie, dispositif de module de batterie et système de surveillance de batterie Ceased WO2019171680A1 (fr)

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JP7081710B1 (ja) 2021-04-21 2022-06-07 株式会社デンソー 電池管理システム
JP2023033813A (ja) * 2021-08-30 2023-03-13 株式会社デンソー 電池管理システムおよび電池管理方法

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