WO2019161514A1 - Modular system for centring and aligning electrodes and permanent edge strips of cathodes in electrolytic cells - Google Patents
Modular system for centring and aligning electrodes and permanent edge strips of cathodes in electrolytic cells Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019161514A1 WO2019161514A1 PCT/CL2019/000007 CL2019000007W WO2019161514A1 WO 2019161514 A1 WO2019161514 A1 WO 2019161514A1 CL 2019000007 W CL2019000007 W CL 2019000007W WO 2019161514 A1 WO2019161514 A1 WO 2019161514A1
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- Prior art keywords
- grooved
- anodic
- profiles
- cathodes
- alignment
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/63—Holders for electrodes; Positioning of the electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
Definitions
- anodic separators are commonly used which are bolted to the lower edges of the anodic plate, these provide relative spacing between electrodes and partially improve alignment.
- edge covers consist of an extruded plastic profile that is attached to the ends of each cathode plate, which prevent the melting of the deposit, but lead to other problems , among others, the detachment of these towards the bottom of the cell, when subject only by the pressure caused by the deformation of their bodies, requires a subsequent maneuver of emptying the cell to recover them, they have a limited useful life by concept of chemical fatigue, so you must have a permanent stock.
- anodic centers located in the upper part of the bar, which allow to reduce the precision of the maneuver, although due to its rigid conception, they are subjected to high dynamic demand, which It leads to its detachment and / or breakage, requiring a permanent stock of them and replacement and / or recovery work. All these accessories are elements that are potentially transformed into contaminated waste and that require special handling later.
- 2004001020 which use an electrically energized metal perimeter frame, and by polarizing these, ensure the repulsion of the cations of these protected strips.
- the complexity of maintaining networks with electric flow can be visualized, taking into account the isolation of the circuit considering the aggressive acid environment, and the sum of additional power sources.
- Figure No. 1 Represents a partial isometric view of an electrolytic cell, with cathodes and anodes in their normal operating positions and the Anodic Frame subset installed at each anode and the Lectern subset at the bottom of the cell.
- Figure 2 Represents an isometric view of the main components of the Electrode Alignment and Centering System.
- Figure N ° 3 Represents an isolated front view of the Anodic Frame subset of the Electrode Alignment and Centering System installed in the contour of an anode.
- Figure N ° 4 Represents an isolated side view of the Anodic Frame subset of the Electrode Centering and Alignment System installed on the contour of an anode.
- Figure N ° 5 Represents an isolated isometric view of the Anodic Frame subset of the Electrode Alignment and Centering System installed on the contour of an anode.
- Figure N ° 6 Represents an exploded isolated isometric view of the Anodic Frame subset of the Electrode Centering and Alignment System installed in the contour of an anode.
- Figure No. 7 Represents a detailed view of the Dynamic Centers attached to the anodic contact bar.
- Figure N ° 8 Represents an isolated isometric detail view of the Dynamic Centers showing the damping toe and the rotating rollers and their coupling to the main body.
- Figure N ° 9 Represents a side detail view of a Dynamic Center shown in operational position and its position in the contour of an anode.
- Figure N ° 10 Represents an isometric detail view of the upper frame mounted on the anode head.
- Figure N ° ll Represents an exploded isometric view of the upper Frame showing the insulation membranes of the weld bead, the clamping plates of the tensioners and flange membranes and the containment plates of the entire subset.
- Figure N ° 12 Represents an isometric view of the lower frame with the alignment plate, the dynamic aligners and the corner anchor plates assembled to the anodic plate.
- Figure N ° 13 Represents an exploded isometric view of the lower frame showing the different components.
- Figure N ° 14 Represents an isometric detail view of the lower Dynamic Aligners in their operating position in the Lower Frame.
- Figure N ° 15 Represents an isometric detail view of a Dynamic Lower Aligner visualizing the body and the rotating rollers and their coupling to the anodic plate.
- Figure N ° 16 Represents a front detail view of a Lower Dynamic Aligner visualizing the body and the rotating rollers and their coupling to the anodic plate.
- Figure N ° 17 Represents a detailed side view of a Lower Dynamic Aligner visualizing the body and the rotating rollers and their coupling to the anodic plate.
- Figure N ° 18 Represents an isometric view of the Membrane subset Covers edges in their operating position.
- Figure N ° 19 Represents an exploded isometric view of the Membrane subset Covers edges showing the different components.
- Figure N ° 20 Represents a top front detail view of the Membrane subset Covers edges with fasteners.
- Figure N ° 21 Represents a top front detail view of the Membrane subset Covers edges with their fasteners and containment plates and removed dynamic centers.
- Figure N ° 22 Represents a lower front detail view of the Membrane subset Covers edges with fasteners.
- Figure N ° 23 Represents a lower front detail view of the Membrane subset Covers edges with anchor plates and dynamic aligners removed.
- Figure N ° 24 Represents an isolated isometric view of the lectern subset with its components.
- Figure N ° 25 Represents an isolated front view of the Lectern subset with its components.
- Figure l 26 26 Represents an isolated front view of the Lectern subset with its components and the Anodic Frame subset positioned in the usual operational manner.
- Figure N ° 27 Represents a side view of the Lectern subset with its components and all of the Anodic Frame subassemblies positioned in the usual operational way within an EW cell.
- Figure N ° 28 Represents an isometric detail view of the crimping of a feature of the lower alignment plate of an Anodic Frame subset in one of the grooves carved in the profiles of the Lectern subset.
- Figure N ° 29 Represents a detailed side view of the electrodes positioned in an EW cell with the Anodic Frame subsets mounted on each anode.
- the projected sowing maneuver of an electrolytic cell (5) begins with the positioning of the anode slurry (3). These are located by means of a lifting system, without obstacles inside the electrolytic cell (5).
- the vertical alignment and parallelism of these is achieved by inserting the alignment fins (1.3.2) into the grooves of the grooved grooved profiles (2.1) of the music stand (2) located at the bottom of the electrolytic cell (5) . This achieves the proper distancing and alignment of all anodes (3), since these grooves are vertically aligned with the anodic settlements of the intercell bars.
- the maneuver typically begins in thirds, positioning the cathode lugs (4), so as to introduce them vertically between the spaces between anodes (3).
- the system has a pair of Dynamic Centers (1.1) located at the top of the anodic contact bar (3.2), whose initial mission is to dampen the impact of the violent nature of the maneuver and avoid an initial short circuit of the cathode plate (4.1) with the anodic contact bar (3.2).
- This is achieved thanks to the flexible toecaps (1.1.2) that act as shock absorbers since they are made of a flexible material.
- These flexible toes (1.1.2) are embedded in a rigid body (1.1.1).
- the cathode (4) descends and acts on the rotating roller (1.1.3) that allows a vertical sliding of the cathode plate (4.1) without abrasion of the latter and the dynamic centering (1.1).
- the Upper Frame (1.2) is presented, which is composed of 2 rigid sheets (1.2.1) and a pair of flexible membranes (1.2.2) that are responsible for providing additional insulation to the welded joint between the plate anodic (3.1) and anodic contact bar (3.2) of the corrosion typical of the acidic environment, and two clamping plates (1.2.3) that act as a tensioning subset (1.4).
- Whole subset Tensioner (1.4) is connected by pins forming a rigid block and firmly attached to the upper end of the anode (3).
- each cathode plate (4.1) pass through the space between the flexible membranes (1.4.1) of the tensioning subset (1.4), covering very subtly butt each edge of the cathode plate (4.1) , which makes it possible to eliminate the currently used plastic edge covers, and in turn act as an additional side barrier to the thermal loss of the electrolytic cell (5).
- the tensioning elements (1.4.2) allow the upper (1.2) and lower (1.3) frames to be held firmly by their action between the clamping plates (1.2.3) and the alignment plate (1.3.2) and maintain integrity geometric set Anodic frame (1).
- the flexible membrane (1.4.1) maintains its flatness by the action of two stiffening plates (1.4.3).
- the lower frame (1.3) maintains its leveling and parallelism with the anodic plate, by means of the corner fixing plates (1.3.1) and lower aligners (1.3.3) that give leverage and rigidity to the lower alignment plate (1.3.2) .
- the lectern assembly (2) has the ability to maintain its relative position within the cell by means of a reticulated support frame (2.2) at the bottom of the cell and which also serves as a support structure for grooved grooved profiles (2.1).
- All the constituent elements of the Alignment and Electrode Centering System are made of materials suitable for the usual use of an electro-obtaining ship and for the aggressive characteristics of the operational environment of the electrolytic cells.
- the present invention offers an integral solution to the current problems in the productive work of the electro-obtaining cells. It constitutes a system of easy replacement in case of possible failures because it is composed of modular units attached to each anode (3), which, in case of damage, it is only necessary to extract the anode (3) with the damaged element, and replace it with a copy on-site replacement, minimizing production losses. In addition, it offers an additional barrier to corrosion of the welded joint between anodic contact bar (3.2) and anodic plate (3.1), since it has a flexible membrane (1.2.2) that encapsulates it.
- the system allows strict parallelism, centering and homogeneous spacing of all electrodes, adopting damping and rolling devices, which, on the one hand, dissipate the energy of the impacts of the positioning maneuvers, and by another minimizes abrasion between the electrodes and the proposed system, which translates into a longer service life of both.
- the present invention is composed of 2 main systems: an Anodic Frame (1) per anode (3) and a Lectern (2) arranged at the bottom of each electrolytic cell (5).
- Each Anodic Frame (1) is composed of two dynamic centers (1.1), an upper frame (1.2), a lower frame (1.3) and two tensioning subsets (1.4).
- the Lectern assembly (2) is composed of two grooved grooved profiles (2.1) longitudinal with respect to the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and a reticulated support frame (2.2) that serves as an anchor and support for the entire assembly.
- the upper dynamic centers (1.1) consist of a rigid body (1.1.1), a flexible toe (1.1.2) and a pair of rotating rollers (1.1.3) with their axes.
- the upper frame (1.2) is composed of two rigid sheets (1.2.1), two flexible membranes (1.2.2) and two clamping plates (1.2.3).
- the lower frame (1.3) composed of four corner plates securing (1.3.1) to the anodic plate (3.1), an alignment plate (1.3.2) and 3 lower aligners (1.3.3).
- the tensioning subsets (1.4) and lateral fasteners each consisting of a tensioning element (1.4.2), a lateral flexible membrane (1.4.1) and two stiffening plates (1.4.3).
- the Lectern assembly (2) composed of two grooved grooved profiles (2.1), and a reticulated support frame (2.2) provided with mooring means for these profiles.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Sistema modular de centrado y alineación de electrodos y cubrebordes permanentes de cátodos en celdas electrolíticas. Modular system of centering and alignment of electrodes and permanent covers of cathodes in electrolytic cells.
Estado de la Técnica: State of the Art:
La técnica de electro obtención de cobre y de otros metales base, presenta desde los inicios de su utilización, ciertos problemas operacionales indeseables que disminuyen considerablemente la eficiencia del proceso. Entre estos, están los cortocircuitos originados por el contacto entre las placas madre de cátodos y ánodos, potenciado por el desalineamiento de éstas, o por estar dobladas, lo que promueve un mayor potencial eléctrico focalizado y esto puede resultar en un crecimiento anormal dendrítico del depósito catódico hasta el contacto de corto circuito con el ánodo. Además, existe el problema de la fusión del depósito catódico por ambas caras en los bordes laterales de la placa depositaría, lo cual trae consigo el problema de despegue posterior, sin destruir el producto terminado. Finalmente, la maniobra de posicionamiento de los cátodos requiere de destreza por parte del operador, si no se cuenta con un sistema de izaje automatizado, para no provocar daños a las estructuras circundantes y a los electrodos mismos. The electro-obtaining technique of copper and other base metals, presents since the beginning of its use, certain undesirable operational problems that significantly reduce the efficiency of the process. Among these, are the short circuits caused by the contact between the cathode and anode motherboards, boosted by their misalignment, or by bending, which promotes greater focused electrical potential and this can result in an abnormal dendritic growth of the deposit cathodic until short circuit contact with the anode. In addition, there is the problem of the fusion of the cathodic deposit on both sides at the lateral edges of the deposit plate, which brings with it the problem of subsequent take-off, without destroying the finished product. Finally, the cathode positioning maneuver requires skill on the part of the operator, if there is no automated lifting system, so as not to cause damage to the surrounding structures and the electrodes themselves.
Para mitigar estos problemas, se utilizan en forma habitual desde pequeñas a grandes plantas de electro obtención, una serie de accesorios de diseño similar. Para el problema de desalineamiento/espaciamiento de los electrodos, comúnmente se utilizan separadores anódicos los cuales van empernados a los bordes inferiores de la placa anódica, estos proveen relativo espaciamíento entre electrodos y parcialmente mejoran la alineación. Para el problema de la unión lateral de los depósitos catódicos, es extendido el uso de cubre bordes, que consisten en un perfil extruido plástico que es adosado a los extremos de cada placa catódica, los cuales evitan la fusión del depósito, pero acarrean otras problemáticas, entre otras, el desprendimiento de estos hacia el fondo de la celda, al ir sujetos sólo por la presión originada por la deformación de sus cuerpos, exige una posterior maniobra de vaciado de la celda para recuperarlos, poseen una vida útil limitada por concepto de fatiga química, por lo que se debe tener un stock permanente. Para el problema del posicionamiento de los cátodos, es habitual el uso de centradores anódicos ubicados en la zona superior de la barra, los cuales permiten disminuir la precisión de la maniobra, aunque por su concepción rígida, son sometidos a gran demanda dinámica, lo que conlleva a su desprendimiento y/o rotura, necesitando de un stock permanente de ellos y labores de reposición y/o recuperación. Todos estos accesorios, son elementos que se transforman potencialmente en desechos contaminados y que requieren de un manejo especial posterior. To mitigate these problems, a series of similarly designed accessories are used routinely from small to large electro-obtaining plants. For the problem of electrode misalignment / spacing, anodic separators are commonly used which are bolted to the lower edges of the anodic plate, these provide relative spacing between electrodes and partially improve alignment. For the problem of the lateral union of cathodic deposits, the use of edge covers is extended, which consist of an extruded plastic profile that is attached to the ends of each cathode plate, which prevent the melting of the deposit, but lead to other problems , among others, the detachment of these towards the bottom of the cell, when subject only by the pressure caused by the deformation of their bodies, requires a subsequent maneuver of emptying the cell to recover them, they have a limited useful life by concept of chemical fatigue, so you must have a permanent stock. For the problem of positioning the cathodes, it is usual to use anodic centers located in the upper part of the bar, which allow to reduce the precision of the maneuver, although due to its rigid conception, they are subjected to high dynamic demand, which It leads to its detachment and / or breakage, requiring a permanent stock of them and replacement and / or recovery work. All these accessories are elements that are potentially transformed into contaminated waste and that require special handling later.
Actualmente existen precursores de soluciones más avanzadas a estos problemas incluso con uso real en la industria minera. Entre ellos están la Patente de Invención Nacional N° 2006001300, que presenta una estructura monolítica a modo de celda reticulada que se introduce a su vez dentro de la celda electrolítica. Posee una serie de canales verticales donde se introducen los electrodos los cuales dan alineación y espaciamíento uniforme a estos, y eliminan la necesidad de uso de cubre bordes en los cátodos. Como desventaja de este sistema, se puede inferir un problema de complejidad en su mantenimiento y/o reparación, que incurre en el conflicto de anular las bondades otorgadas por la invención al proceso productivo continuo, pues se necesitaría el traslado del voluminoso equipo hacia la extensa zona de mantenimiento requerida, con toda la problemática asociada a dejar inoperativa a la celda, desalojo de electrodos y uso de recursos humanos y equipos. Se trata de remediar esta problemática, mediante la Patente de Invención N° 2008000032, en la cual se modularizan las guías de los electrodos, sin embargo, se puede intuir razonablemente, las dificultades de realizar reparaciones sobre la celda electrolítica, desmontar piezas que están sumergidas en un fluido ácido, el riesgo para el personal al manipular elementos con potencial eléctrico latente, imposibilidad de visualizar si las labores fueron del todo exitosas, entre otras. Un caso similar ocurre con la Patente de Invención N° 2006002341, en la cual los elementos que sirven como guías y distanciadores están anclados a la superficie interior de la celda electrolítica, y en caso de avería, se pronostica que la sustitución sería problemática por las mismas razones expuestas antes, aparte de la necesidad de requerir la incrustación de anclajes en la estructura polimérica de la cuba electrolítica, con todas las consecuencias adversas que una difusión ácida por estos intersticios pudiera acarrear. Currently there are precursors of more advanced solutions to these problems even with real use in the mining industry. Among them are the National Invention Patent No. 2006001300, which has a monolithic structure as a cross-linked cell that is inserted into the electrolytic cell. It has a series of vertical channels where the electrodes are introduced which give uniform alignment and spacing to these, and eliminate the need to use cathode edge covers. As a disadvantage of this system, a problem of complexity in its maintenance and / or repair can be inferred, which incurs the conflict of nullifying the benefits granted by the invention to the continuous productive process, since it would be necessary to move the bulky equipment to the extensive required maintenance area, with all the problems associated with leaving the cell inoperative, eviction of electrodes and use of human resources and equipment. It's about remedying this problematic, by means of the Invention Patent No. 2008000032, in which the electrode guides are modularized, however, one can reasonably intuit the difficulties of making repairs on the electrolytic cell, disassembling parts that are submerged in an acidic fluid, the risk to personnel when handling elements with latent electrical potential, inability to visualize whether the work was entirely successful, among others. A similar case occurs with Invention Patent No. 2006002341, in which the elements that serve as guides and spacers are anchored to the inner surface of the electrolytic cell, and in case of failure, it is predicted that the replacement would be problematic by same reasons stated above, apart from the need to require the anchoring of anchors in the polymer structure of the electrolytic cell, with all the adverse consequences that an acid diffusion through these interstices could entail.
Por otra parte, están la Patente de Invención N° 2008001441 y las Solicitudes de Diseño Industrial N° 201401777 y N° 20100850, las cuales ofrecen solución al problema de centrado y alineación de los electrodos respectivamente mediante accesorios tipo separadores que se sujetan al extremo superior y bordes laterales de cada ánodo. Como posibles desventajas, se puede observar relativa fragilidad en su morfología, sin provisión aparente para lidiar con cargas de impacto, y que en caso de falla, se requiere reemplazar los elementos colapsados, y detener el proceso productivo para tareas de recuperación de los dispositivos perdidos en el fondo de la celda. Para atacar el problema de los cubre bordes catódicos, están las patentes de invención N° 2003000472 y N° 2004001020, que utilizan un marco perimetral metálico energizado eléctricamente, y mediante la polarización de estos, aseguran la repulsión de los cationes de esas franjas protegidas. Como posible desventaja se puede visualizar la complejidad de mantener redes con flujo eléctrico, teniendo en cuenta la aislación del circuito considerando el ambiente ácido agresivo, y la suma de fuentes de poder adicionales. On the other hand, there are Invention Patent No. 2008001441 and Industrial Design Requests No. 201401777 and No. 20100850, which offer a solution to the problem of centering and alignment of the electrodes respectively by means of separator type accessories that are attached to the upper end and lateral edges of each anode. As possible disadvantages, relative fragility in its morphology can be observed, with no apparent provision to deal with impact loads, and that in case of failure, it is necessary to replace the collapsed elements, and stop the productive process for recovery tasks of lost devices at the bottom of the cell. To attack the problem of cathodic edge covers, there are patents of invention No. 2003000472 and No. 2004001020, which use an electrically energized metal perimeter frame, and by polarizing these, ensure the repulsion of the cations of these protected strips. As a possible disadvantage, the complexity of maintaining networks with electric flow can be visualized, taking into account the isolation of the circuit considering the aggressive acid environment, and the sum of additional power sources.
Descripción de las Figuras: Description of the Figures:
Figura N°l: Representa una vista isométrica parcial de una celda electrolítica, con cátodos y ánodos en sus posiciones normales de operación y el subconjunto Marco Anódico instalado en cada ánodo y el subconjunto Atril en el fondo de la celda. Figure No. 1: Represents a partial isometric view of an electrolytic cell, with cathodes and anodes in their normal operating positions and the Anodic Frame subset installed at each anode and the Lectern subset at the bottom of the cell.
Figura N°2: Representa una vista isométrica de los componentes principales del Sistema Centrador y Alineador de Electrodos. Figure 2: Represents an isometric view of the main components of the Electrode Alignment and Centering System.
Figura N°3: Representa una vista frontal aislada del subconjunto Marco Anódico del Sistema Centrador y Alineador de Electrodos instalados en el contorno de un ánodo. Figure N ° 3: Represents an isolated front view of the Anodic Frame subset of the Electrode Alignment and Centering System installed in the contour of an anode.
Figura N°4: Representa una vista lateral aislada del subconjunto Marco Anódico del Sistema Centrador y Alineador de Electrodos instalados en el contorno de un ánodo. Figure N ° 4: Represents an isolated side view of the Anodic Frame subset of the Electrode Centering and Alignment System installed on the contour of an anode.
Figura N°5: Representa una vista isométrica aislada del subconjunto Marco Anódico del Sistema Centrador y Alineador de Electrodos instalados en el contorno de un ánodo. Figure N ° 5: Represents an isolated isometric view of the Anodic Frame subset of the Electrode Alignment and Centering System installed on the contour of an anode.
Figura N°6: Representa una vista isométrica aislada explosionada del subconjunto Marco Anódico del Sistema Centrador y Alineador de Electrodos instalados en el contorno de un ánodo. Figura N°7: Representa una vista de detalle de los Centradores Dinámicos acoplados a la barra de contacto anódica. Figure N ° 6: Represents an exploded isolated isometric view of the Anodic Frame subset of the Electrode Centering and Alignment System installed in the contour of an anode. Figure No. 7: Represents a detailed view of the Dynamic Centers attached to the anodic contact bar.
Figura N°8: Representa una vista isométrica aislada de detalle de los Centradores Dinámicos mostrando la puntera amortiguadora y los rodillos giratorios y su acople al cuerpo principal. Figure N ° 8: Represents an isolated isometric detail view of the Dynamic Centers showing the damping toe and the rotating rollers and their coupling to the main body.
Figura N°9: Representa una vista de detalle lateral de un Centrador Dinámico mostrado en posición operacional y su posición en el contorno de un ánodo. Figure N ° 9: Represents a side detail view of a Dynamic Center shown in operational position and its position in the contour of an anode.
Figura N°10: Representa una vista isométrica de detalle del Bastidor superior montado en el cabezal del ánodo. Figure N ° 10: Represents an isometric detail view of the upper frame mounted on the anode head.
Figura N°ll: Representa una vista isométrica explosionada del Bastidor superior mostrando las membranas de aislación del cordón de soldadura, las placas de sujeción de los tensores y membranas cubrebordes y las placas de contención de todo el subconjunto. Figure N ° ll: Represents an exploded isometric view of the upper Frame showing the insulation membranes of the weld bead, the clamping plates of the tensioners and flange membranes and the containment plates of the entire subset.
Figura N°12: Representa una vista isométrica del Bastidor inferior con la placa alineadora, los Alineadores dinámicos y las placas esquineras de anclaje ensambladas a la placa anódica. Figure N ° 12: Represents an isometric view of the lower frame with the alignment plate, the dynamic aligners and the corner anchor plates assembled to the anodic plate.
Figura N°13: Representa una vista isométrica explosionada del Bastidor inferior mostrando los diferentes componentes. Figure N ° 13: Represents an exploded isometric view of the lower frame showing the different components.
Figura N°14: Representa una vista isométrica de detalle de los Alineadores dinámicos inferiores en su posición de operación en el Bastidor inferior. Figure N ° 14: Represents an isometric detail view of the lower Dynamic Aligners in their operating position in the Lower Frame.
Figura N°15: Representa una vista isométrica de detalle de un Alineador dinámico Inferior visualizando el cuerpo y los rodillos giratorios y su acople a la placa anódica. Figure N ° 15: Represents an isometric detail view of a Dynamic Lower Aligner visualizing the body and the rotating rollers and their coupling to the anodic plate.
Figura N°16: Representa una vista frontal de detalle de un Alineador dinámico Inferior visualizando el cuerpo y los rodillos giratorios y su acople a la placa anódica. Figure N ° 16: Represents a front detail view of a Lower Dynamic Aligner visualizing the body and the rotating rollers and their coupling to the anodic plate.
Figura N°17: Representa una vista lateral de detalle de un Alineador dinámico Inferior visualizando el cuerpo y los rodillos giratorios y su acople a la placa anódica. Figure N ° 17: Represents a detailed side view of a Lower Dynamic Aligner visualizing the body and the rotating rollers and their coupling to the anodic plate.
Figura N°18: Representa una vista isométrica del subconjunto Membrana Cubre bordes en su posición de operación. Figure N ° 18: Represents an isometric view of the Membrane subset Covers edges in their operating position.
Figura N°19: Representa una vista isométrica explosionada del subconjunto Membrana Cubre bordes mostrando los diferentes componentes. Figure N ° 19: Represents an exploded isometric view of the Membrane subset Covers edges showing the different components.
Figura N°20: Representa una vista de detalle frontal superior del subconjunto Membrana Cubre bordes con elementos de fijación. Figure N ° 20: Represents a top front detail view of the Membrane subset Covers edges with fasteners.
Figura N°21: Representa una vista de detalle frontal superior del subconjunto Membrana Cubre bordes con sus elementos de fijación y placas de contención y centradores dinámicos eliminados. Figure N ° 21: Represents a top front detail view of the Membrane subset Covers edges with their fasteners and containment plates and removed dynamic centers.
Figura N°22: Representa una vista de detalle frontal inferior del subconjunto Membrana Cubre bordes con elementos de fijación. Figura N°23: Representa una vista de detalle frontal inferior del subconjunto Membrana Cubre bordes con placas de anclaje y alineadores dinámicos eliminados. Figure N ° 22: Represents a lower front detail view of the Membrane subset Covers edges with fasteners. Figure N ° 23: Represents a lower front detail view of the Membrane subset Covers edges with anchor plates and dynamic aligners removed.
Figura N°24: Representa una vista isométrica aislada del subconjunto Atril con sus componentes. Figure N ° 24: Represents an isolated isometric view of the lectern subset with its components.
Figura N°25: Representa una vista frontal aislada del subconjunto Atril con sus componentes. Figure N ° 25: Represents an isolated front view of the Lectern subset with its components.
Figura l\l°26: Representa una vista frontal aislada del subconjunto Atril con sus componentes y el subconjunto Marco Anódico posicionado en la forma operacional habitual. Figure l 26 26: Represents an isolated front view of the Lectern subset with its components and the Anodic Frame subset positioned in the usual operational manner.
Figura N°27: Representa una vista lateral del subconjunto Atril con sus componentes y la totalidad de subconjuntos Marco Anódico posicionados en la forma operacional habitual dentro de una celda EW. Figure N ° 27: Represents a side view of the Lectern subset with its components and all of the Anodic Frame subassemblies positioned in the usual operational way within an EW cell.
Figura N°28: Representa una vista isométrica de detalle del engarce de un rasgo de la placa alineadora inferior de un subconjunto Marco Anódico en una de las ranuras talladas en los perfiles del subconjunto Atril. Figure N ° 28: Represents an isometric detail view of the crimping of a feature of the lower alignment plate of an Anodic Frame subset in one of the grooves carved in the profiles of the Lectern subset.
Figura N°29: Representa una vista lateral de detalle de los electrodos posicionados en una celda EW con los subconjuntos Marcos Anódicos montados en cada ánodo. Figure N ° 29: Represents a detailed side view of the electrodes positioned in an EW cell with the Anodic Frame subsets mounted on each anode.
Descripción detallada de la Invención: Detailed description of the invention:
La maniobra proyectada de siembra de una celda electrolítica (5) comienza con el posicionamiento de la lingada de ánodos (3). Estos se ubican mediante un sistema de izaje, sin obstáculos en el interior de la celda electrolítica (5). La alineación vertical y paralelismo de estos se logra mediante, el encastre de las aletas alineadoras (1.3.2), en las ranuras de los perfiles acanalados ranurados (2.1) del atril (2) ubicado en el fondo de la celda electrolítica (5). Con esto se logra el apropiado distanciamiento y alineamiento de todos los ánodos (3), puesto que esas ranuras están verticalmente alineadas con los asentamientos anódicos de las barras interceldas. The projected sowing maneuver of an electrolytic cell (5) begins with the positioning of the anode slurry (3). These are located by means of a lifting system, without obstacles inside the electrolytic cell (5). The vertical alignment and parallelism of these is achieved by inserting the alignment fins (1.3.2) into the grooves of the grooved grooved profiles (2.1) of the music stand (2) located at the bottom of the electrolytic cell (5) . This achieves the proper distancing and alignment of all anodes (3), since these grooves are vertically aligned with the anodic settlements of the intercell bars.
Acto seguido, comienza la maniobra típicamente de a tercios, de posicionamiento de las lingadas de cátodos (4), de tal forma de introducirlos verticalmente entre los espacios entre ánodos (3). Como apoyo para este propósito, el sistema dispone de un par de Centradores Dinámicos (1.1) ubicados en la parte superior de la barra de contacto anódica (3.2), los cuales tienen como misión inicial amortiguar el impacto propio de la naturaleza violenta de la maniobra y evitar un inicial cortocircuito de la placa catódica (4.1) con la barra de contacto anódica (3.2). Esto se logra gracias a las punteras flexibles (1.1.2) que actúan como amortiguadores dado que son confeccionadas de un material flexible. Estas punteras flexibles (1.1.2) están engarzadas en un cuerpo rígido (1.1.1). Luego, el cátodo (4) desciende y actúa el rodillo giratorio (1.1.3) que permite un deslizamiento vertical de la placa catódica (4.1) sin abrasión de ésta y el centrador dinámico (1.1). Adicionalmente, se presenta el Bastidor Superior (1.2), el cual está compuesto por 2 láminas rígidas (1.2.1) y un par de membranas flexibles (1.2.2) que están encargadas de proporcionar un aislamiento adicional a la unión soldada entre la placa anódica (3.1) y la barra de contacto anódica (3.2) de la corrosión propia del ambiente ácido, y dos placas de sujeción (1.2.3) que actúan como subconjunto tensor (1.4). Todo el subconjunto tensor (1.4) está unido mediante pasadores formando un bloque rígido y sujeto firmemente al extremo superior del ánodo (3). Then, the maneuver typically begins in thirds, positioning the cathode lugs (4), so as to introduce them vertically between the spaces between anodes (3). As support for this purpose, the system has a pair of Dynamic Centers (1.1) located at the top of the anodic contact bar (3.2), whose initial mission is to dampen the impact of the violent nature of the maneuver and avoid an initial short circuit of the cathode plate (4.1) with the anodic contact bar (3.2). This is achieved thanks to the flexible toecaps (1.1.2) that act as shock absorbers since they are made of a flexible material. These flexible toes (1.1.2) are embedded in a rigid body (1.1.1). Then, the cathode (4) descends and acts on the rotating roller (1.1.3) that allows a vertical sliding of the cathode plate (4.1) without abrasion of the latter and the dynamic centering (1.1). Additionally, the Upper Frame (1.2) is presented, which is composed of 2 rigid sheets (1.2.1) and a pair of flexible membranes (1.2.2) that are responsible for providing additional insulation to the welded joint between the plate anodic (3.1) and anodic contact bar (3.2) of the corrosion typical of the acidic environment, and two clamping plates (1.2.3) that act as a tensioning subset (1.4). Whole subset Tensioner (1.4) is connected by pins forming a rigid block and firmly attached to the upper end of the anode (3).
Al ir finalizando el desplazamiento vertical de los cátodos (4), estos son contactados por los alineadores inferiores (1.3.3), los cuales poseen un cuerpo ranurado (1.3.3.1), rodillos giratorios (1.3.3.2) y sus respectivos ejes. Estos alineadores inferiores (1.3.3) terminan por consolidar el paralelismo entre las placas madre y logran un conjunto monolítico de los electrodos con el atril (2). At the end of the vertical displacement of the cathodes (4), these are contacted by the lower aligners (1.3.3), which have a grooved body (1.3.3.1), rotating rollers (1.3.3.2) and their respective axes. These lower aligners (1.3.3) end up consolidating the parallelism between the motherboards and achieve a monolithic set of electrodes with the music stand (2).
En este desplazamiento vertical, los cantos laterales de cada placa catódica (4.1) transitan por el espacio existente entre las membranas flexibles (1.4.1) del subconjunto tensor (1.4), cubriendo a tope muy sutilmente cada canto de la placa catódica (4.1), lo cual permite eliminar los cubre bordes plásticos utilizados actualmente, y a su vez actúan como una barrera lateral adicional a la pérdida térmica de la celda electrolítica (5). Los elementos tensores (1.4.2) permiten sujetar firmemente el bastidor superior (1.2) e inferior (1.3) por la acción de estos entre las placas de sujeción (1.2.3) y la placa alineadora (1.3.2) y mantener la integridad geométrica del conjunto Marco anódico (1). La membrana flexible (1.4.1) mantiene su planitud por la acción de sendas placas rigidizadoras (1.4.3). In this vertical displacement, the lateral edges of each cathode plate (4.1) pass through the space between the flexible membranes (1.4.1) of the tensioning subset (1.4), covering very subtly butt each edge of the cathode plate (4.1) , which makes it possible to eliminate the currently used plastic edge covers, and in turn act as an additional side barrier to the thermal loss of the electrolytic cell (5). The tensioning elements (1.4.2) allow the upper (1.2) and lower (1.3) frames to be held firmly by their action between the clamping plates (1.2.3) and the alignment plate (1.3.2) and maintain integrity geometric set Anodic frame (1). The flexible membrane (1.4.1) maintains its flatness by the action of two stiffening plates (1.4.3).
El bastidor inferior (1.3) mantiene su afiatamiento y paralelismo con la placa anódica, mediante las placas esquineras de sujeción (1.3.1) y alineadores inferiores (1.3.3) que dan apalancamiento y rigidez a la placa alineadora (1.3.2) inferior. The lower frame (1.3) maintains its leveling and parallelism with the anodic plate, by means of the corner fixing plates (1.3.1) and lower aligners (1.3.3) that give leverage and rigidity to the lower alignment plate (1.3.2) .
El conjunto Atril (2), posee la capacidad de mantener su posición relativa dentro de la celda mediante un marco reticulado de apoyo (2.2) en el fondo de ésta y que también sirve como estructura de soporte de los perfiles acanalados ranurados (2.1). The lectern assembly (2), has the ability to maintain its relative position within the cell by means of a reticulated support frame (2.2) at the bottom of the cell and which also serves as a support structure for grooved grooved profiles (2.1).
Todos los elementos constituyentes del Sistema Alineador y Centrador de Electrodos están elaborados de materiales adecuados al uso habitual de una nave de electro obtención y a las características agresivas del medio ambiente operacional de las celdas electrolíticas. All the constituent elements of the Alignment and Electrode Centering System are made of materials suitable for the usual use of an electro-obtaining ship and for the aggressive characteristics of the operational environment of the electrolytic cells.
La presente invención, ofrece una solución integral a los problemas actuales en las labores productivas de las celdas de electro obtención. Constituye un sistema de fácil reemplazo ante eventuales fallas pues está compuesto por unidades modulares adosadas a cada ánodo (3), que, en caso de presentar desperfectos, sólo es necesario extraer el ánodo (3) con el elemento dañado, y reemplazarlo con un ejemplar de repuesto in situ, minimizando las pérdidas de producción. Además, ofrece una barrera de protección adicional a la corrosión de la junta soldada entre barra de contacto anódica (3.2) y placa anódica (3.1), dado que dispone de una membrana flexible (1.2.2) que la encapsula. Adicionalmente, mediante la utilización de membranas flexibles (1.4.1) laterales en cada ánodo (3), se logra una barrera lateral adicional a la pérdida térmica de la celda electrolítica (5), al ser éstas fabricadas de un material con propiedades aislantes. Finalmente, estas membranas flexibles (1.4.1) posibilitan prescindir de los fungibles plásticos llamados cubre bordes utilizados actualmente en los cátodos (4), pues quedan en contacto a tope con los cantos de las placas catódicas (4.1) e impiden en esa delgada faja, la depositación de cobre. The present invention offers an integral solution to the current problems in the productive work of the electro-obtaining cells. It constitutes a system of easy replacement in case of possible failures because it is composed of modular units attached to each anode (3), which, in case of damage, it is only necessary to extract the anode (3) with the damaged element, and replace it with a copy on-site replacement, minimizing production losses. In addition, it offers an additional barrier to corrosion of the welded joint between anodic contact bar (3.2) and anodic plate (3.1), since it has a flexible membrane (1.2.2) that encapsulates it. Additionally, through the use of flexible lateral membranes (1.4.1) in each anode (3), an additional lateral barrier to the thermal loss of the electrolytic cell (5) is achieved, since these are made of a material with insulating properties. Finally, these flexible membranes (1.4.1) make it possible to dispense with the fungible plastics called cover edges currently used in the cathodes (4), as they remain in full contact with the edges of the cathode plates (4.1) and prevent in that thin strip , the deposit of copper.
Adicionalmente el sistema permite un estricto paralelismo, centrado y espaciamiento homogéneo de todos los electrodos, adoptando para ello dispositivos amortiguadores y rodantes, que por una parte, disipan la energía de los impactos propios de las maniobras de posicionamiento, y por otra minimizan la abrasión entre los electrodos y el sistema propuesto, lo que se traduce en una mayor vida útil de ambos. Additionally, the system allows strict parallelism, centering and homogeneous spacing of all electrodes, adopting damping and rolling devices, which, on the one hand, dissipate the energy of the impacts of the positioning maneuvers, and by another minimizes abrasion between the electrodes and the proposed system, which translates into a longer service life of both.
La presente invención se compone de 2 sistemas principales: un Marco Anódico (1) por ánodo (3) y un Atril (2) dispuesto en el fondo de cada celda electrolítica (5). Cada Marco Anódico (1) está compuesto.a su vez por dos centradores dinámicos (1.1), un bastidor superior (1.2), un bastidor inferior (1.3) y dos subconjuntos tensores (1.4). El conjunto Atril (2) está compuesto por dos perfiles acanalados ranurados (2.1) longitudinales respecto al fondo de la celda electrolítica, y un marco reticulado de apoyo (2.2) que sirve de anclaje y soporte de todo el conjunto. The present invention is composed of 2 main systems: an Anodic Frame (1) per anode (3) and a Lectern (2) arranged at the bottom of each electrolytic cell (5). Each Anodic Frame (1) is composed of two dynamic centers (1.1), an upper frame (1.2), a lower frame (1.3) and two tensioning subsets (1.4). The Lectern assembly (2) is composed of two grooved grooved profiles (2.1) longitudinal with respect to the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and a reticulated support frame (2.2) that serves as an anchor and support for the entire assembly.
Los centradores dinámicos (1.1) superiores se componen de un cuerpo rígido (1.1.1), una puntera flexible (1.1.2) y un par de rodillos giratorios (1.1.3) con sus ejes. El bastidor superior (1.2) está compuesto por dos láminas rígidas (1.2.1), dos membranas flexibles (1.2.2) y dos placas de sujeción (1.2.3). El bastidor inferior (1.3) compuesto por cuatro placas esquineras de sujeción (1.3.1) a la placa anódica (3.1), una placa alineadora (1.3.2) y 3 alineadores inferiores (1.3.3). Los subconjuntos tensores (1.4) y de sujeción laterales compuestos cada uno por un elemento tensor (1.4.2), una membrana flexible (1.4.1) lateral y dos placas rigidizadoras (1.4.3). Finalmente, el conjunto Atril (2) compuesto por dos perfiles acanalados ranurados (2.1), y un marco reticulado de apoyo (2.2) provisto de medios de amarre para estos perfiles. The upper dynamic centers (1.1) consist of a rigid body (1.1.1), a flexible toe (1.1.2) and a pair of rotating rollers (1.1.3) with their axes. The upper frame (1.2) is composed of two rigid sheets (1.2.1), two flexible membranes (1.2.2) and two clamping plates (1.2.3). The lower frame (1.3) composed of four corner plates securing (1.3.1) to the anodic plate (3.1), an alignment plate (1.3.2) and 3 lower aligners (1.3.3). The tensioning subsets (1.4) and lateral fasteners each consisting of a tensioning element (1.4.2), a lateral flexible membrane (1.4.1) and two stiffening plates (1.4.3). Finally, the Lectern assembly (2) composed of two grooved grooved profiles (2.1), and a reticulated support frame (2.2) provided with mooring means for these profiles.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CL453-2018 | 2018-02-20 | ||
| CL2018000453A CL2018000453A1 (en) | 2018-02-20 | 2018-02-20 | Modular system of centering-alignment of electrodes and permanent edge covers in electrolytic cells. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2019161514A1 true WO2019161514A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CL2019/000007 Ceased WO2019161514A1 (en) | 2018-02-20 | 2019-02-07 | Modular system for centring and aligning electrodes and permanent edge strips of cathodes in electrolytic cells |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CL (1) | CL2018000453A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019161514A1 (en) |
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| CL2018000453A1 (en) | 2018-05-11 |
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