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WO2019160788A1 - Activation de groupes de ressources de liaison latérale - Google Patents

Activation de groupes de ressources de liaison latérale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019160788A1
WO2019160788A1 PCT/US2019/017431 US2019017431W WO2019160788A1 WO 2019160788 A1 WO2019160788 A1 WO 2019160788A1 US 2019017431 W US2019017431 W US 2019017431W WO 2019160788 A1 WO2019160788 A1 WO 2019160788A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wtru
resource pool
sidelink
sidelink resource
activate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2019/017431
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Aata EL HAMSS
Tao Deng
Martino M. Freda
Benoit Pelletier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IDAC Holdings Inc
Original Assignee
IDAC Holdings Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IDAC Holdings Inc filed Critical IDAC Holdings Inc
Publication of WO2019160788A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019160788A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/23—Manipulation of direct-mode connections

Definitions

  • Wireless communication devices may establish communication with each other through one or more networks.
  • a first wireless communication device may form a wireless connection with a radio access network (RAN) device such as an eNodeB which forwards data through a wired network to another eNodeB to which a second wireless communication device may have formed a wireless connection.
  • RAN radio access network
  • eNodeB which forwards data through a wired network to another eNodeB to which a second wireless communication device may have formed a wireless connection.
  • Data communicated between the wireless devices traverses the radio access network and intervening wired networks on a path between the devices.
  • wireless communication devices may establish direct communications with each other. Data may be communicated between wireless devices directly without traversing a radio access network and/or related communications networks. Such device-to-device communications may be referred to as sidelink communications.
  • Sidelink communications may employ resource pools which define physical resources in time and frequency that are available to carry control and traffic data between wireless devices. Sidelink resource pools may specify resource blocks and corresponding subframes that are available to communicate data directly between the wireless devices.
  • a mobile device which may be, for example, a wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU), may be configured with a plurality of sidelink resource pools.
  • the WTRU may utilize an activated first sidelink resource pool for sidelink communication with a second WTRU.
  • the WTRU uses the resource blocks and subframes designated by the first sidelink resource pool to communicate directly with the second WTRU.
  • the WTRU may determine to activate a second sidelink resource pool from the plurality of resource pools configured for the WTRU. This determination may be made autonomously by the WTRU based upon one or more factors. For example, the WTRU may determine that the activated first sidelink resource pool is not suitable for transmission and/or reception of a sidelink packet based on a priority associated with the sidelink packet, and may also determine that the second sidelink resource pool is suitable for transmission and/or reception of the sidelink packet. In another example, the WTRU may determine that a transmission latency associated with a sidelink packet is not supported by the activated first sidelink resource pool, and may determine that the transmission latency is supported by the second sidelink pool.
  • the WTRU may determine to activate the second sidelink resource pool upon determining energy over the activated first sidelink resource pool satisfies a threshold.
  • the WTRU may also determine to activate a second pool resource upon determining a measured channel busy ratio (CBR) over the activated first sidelink resource pool satisfies a threshold.
  • CBR channel busy ratio
  • the WTRU may activate the second sidelink resource pool.
  • Activating the second sidelink resource pool may comprise the WTRU identifying that the resources specified by the second sidelink resource pool are available for sidelink communications by the WTRU.
  • the WTRU may use the resource blocks and subframes designated by the sidelink resource pool to communicate data.
  • the WTRU may communicate to other devices an indication the mobile device has activated the second sidelink resource pool.
  • the indication may be communicated explicitly or implicitly.
  • an indication that a sidelink resource pool has been activated may be explicitly communicated using an indication in a sidelink control information (SCI) message, an indication in a separate physical channel, and/or an indication in an active resource pool.
  • SCI sidelink control information
  • a WTRU may be configured to determine to activate a sidelink resource pool based upon communications from another WTRU.
  • a first WTRU may receive from a second WTRU, an indication to activate a first sidelink resource pool, the first sidelink resource pool being one of a plurality of sidelink resource pools configured for the first WTRU.
  • the WTRU may receive a sidelink control information (SCI) message from another WTRU indicating to activate a first sidelink resource pool.
  • the message may comprise a resource pool indicator (RPI) that identifies the particular resource pool to be activated.
  • the message may indicate to activate a resource pool associated with a particular priority or latency classification.
  • the WTRU upon receiving and processing the indication from another mobile device, may activate the identified resource pool.
  • a WTRU may be configured to determine to activate a sidelink resource pool based upon communications from a network.
  • a WTRU may be configured to receive an explicit indication from a network such as, for example, a RAN network ⁇ e.g., gNB, eNB, etc.), to activate and/or deactivate sidelink resource pools.
  • a WTRU may monitor downlink control information (DCI) for an indication to activate a sidelink resource pool.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • a WTRU may be configured to monitor for an implicit indication from a network to activate and/or deactivate sidelink resource pools.
  • a WTRU may be configured to monitor for changes in operating parameters such as, for example, dynamic beam configuration and/or dynamic bandwidth configuration, which the WTRU may be configured to interpret as a request to activate and/or deactivate sidelink resource pools.
  • FIG. 1 A is a system diagram illustrating an example communications system in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented.
  • FIG. 1 B is a system diagram illustrating an example wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1 A according to an embodiment.
  • WTRU wireless transmit/receive unit
  • FIG. 1 C is a system diagram illustrating an example radio access network (RAN) and an example core network (CN) that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1 A according to an embodiment.
  • RAN radio access network
  • CN core network
  • FIG. 1 D is a system diagram illustrating a further example RAN and a further example CN that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1 A according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating example frequency multiplexing in Time Domain Duplexing (TDD) mode.
  • TDD Time Domain Duplexing
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating example delay added by an example TDD configuration.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating example sidelink time domain resource pool configurations.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example slot and symbol resource pool configuration for a sidelink.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating example use of uplink grants in sidelink transmissions.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating example use of uplink grants to multiplex sidelink and uplink transmissions.
  • a WTRU may be configured to perform processing for activating and deactivating sidelink resource pools used for direct communications with one or more other WTRUs.
  • a WTRU may be configured with one or more sets of reception/transmission resource pools which define resources available for sidelink communications with other WTRUs.
  • sidelink communications may be used for applications such as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. Examples described herein may be applicable to techniques where a WTRU activates and/or deactivates various pools of
  • transmission/reception resources and the transmission/reception resources may be used to support a variety of communication types and/or applications.
  • the sidelink resource pools that may be activated and used in sidelink communications may change.
  • a WTRU may dynamically and autonomously determine to activate and/or deactivate sidelink resource pools. For example, the WTRU may determine, based upon the characteristics of the data that it will be sending and/or receiving, to activate a resource pool suitable for transmitting and/or receiving the data.
  • a WTRU may also determine to activate and/or deactivate a sidelink resource in response to a received indication which may be a resource pool indication (RPI).
  • the RPI may be received from a network and/or from another WTRU.
  • the RPI may be signaled explicitly and/or a WTRU may determine an RPI implicitly based on one or more criteria.
  • the RPI may be explicitly indicated in downlink control information (DCI), which the WTRU may monitor for on one or more downlink channels ⁇ e.g., downlink control channels).
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the RPI may be implicitly indicated based on one or more of the following: a group common physical downlink control channel (PDCCFI) carrying a slot format indicator (SFI), a dynamic change in beam configuration, and/or a dynamic bandwidth part activation/deactivation.
  • PDCCFI group common physical downlink control channel
  • SFI slot format indicator
  • dynamic change in beam configuration e.g., a dynamic bandwidth part activation/deactivation.
  • FIG. 1A is a diagram illustrating an example communications system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented.
  • the communications system 100 may be a multiple access system that provides content, such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast, etc., to multiple wireless users.
  • the communications system 100 may enable multiple wireless users to access such content through the sharing of system resources, including wireless bandwidth.
  • the communications systems 100 may employ one or more channel access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), zero-tail unique-word DFT-Spread OFDM (ZT UW DTS-s OFDM), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), resource block-filtered OFDM, filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), and the like.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal FDMA
  • SC-FDMA single-carrier FDMA
  • ZT UW DTS-s OFDM zero-tail unique-word DFT-Spread OFDM
  • UW-OFDM unique word OFDM
  • FBMC filter bank multicarrier
  • the communications system 100 may include wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, a RAN 104/1 13, a ON 106/1 15, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, the Internet 110, and other networks 112, though it will be appreciated that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and/or network elements.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and/or communicate in a wireless environment.
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be configured to transmit and/or receive wireless signals and may include a user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a subscription-based unit, a pager, a cellular telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smartphone, a laptop, a netbook, a personal computer, a wireless sensor, a hotspot or Mi-Fi device, an Internet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications ⁇ e.g., remote surgery), an industrial device and applications ⁇ e.g., a robot and/or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and/or an automated processing chain contexts), a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and/or industrial wireless networks, and the like
  • the communications systems 100 may also include a base station 114a and/or a base station 1 14b.
  • Each of the base stations 1 14a, 114b may be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to facilitate access to one or more communication networks, such as the CN 106/115, the Internet 1 10, and/or the other networks 112.
  • the base stations 1 14a, 114b may be a base transceiver station (BTS), a Node-B, an eNode B, a Flome Node B, a Flome eNode B, a gNB, a NR NodeB, a site controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, and the like. While the base stations 114a, 114b are each depicted as a single element, it will be appreciated that the base stations 1 14a, 1 14b may include any number of interconnected base stations and/or network elements.
  • the base station 114a may be part of the RAN 104/1 13, which may also include other base stations and/or network elements (not shown), such as a base station controller (BSC), a radio network controller (RNC), relay nodes, etc.
  • the base station 1 14a and/or the base station 114b may be configured to transmit and/or receive wireless signals on one or more carrier frequencies, which may be referred to as a cell (not shown). These frequencies may be in licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of licensed and unlicensed spectrum.
  • a cell may provide coverage for a wireless service to a specific geographical area that may be relatively fixed or that may change over time. The cell may further be divided into cell sectors.
  • the cell associated with the base station 114a may be divided into three sectors.
  • the base station 114a may include three transceivers, i.e., one for each sector of the cell.
  • the base station 114a may employ multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) technology and may utilize multiple transceivers for each sector of the cell.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple output
  • beamforming may be used to transmit and/or receive signals in desired spatial directions.
  • the base stations 114a, 114b may communicate with one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d over an air interface 116, which may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio frequency (RF), microwave, centimeter wave, micrometer wave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, etc.).
  • the air interface 116 may be established using any suitable radio access technology (RAT).
  • RAT radio access technology
  • the communications system 100 may be a multiple access system and may employ one or more channel access schemes, such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, and the like.
  • the base station 114a in the RAN 104/113 and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), which may establish the air interface 115/116/117 using wideband CDMA (WCDMA).
  • WCDMA may include communication protocols such as High-Speed Packet Access (FI SPA) and/or Evolved HSPA (FISPA+).
  • HSPA may include High-Speed Downlink (DL) Packet Access (FISDPA) and/or High-Speed UL Packet Access (FISUPA).
  • the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and/or LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) and/or LTE-Advanced Pro (LTE-A Pro).
  • E-UTRA Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-Advanced
  • LTE-A Pro LTE-Advanced Pro
  • the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as NR Radio Access, which may establish the air interface 116 using New Radio (NR).
  • a radio technology such as NR Radio Access, which may establish the air interface 116 using New Radio (NR).
  • the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement multiple radio access technologies.
  • the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement LTE radio access and NR radio access together, for instance using dual connectivity (DC) principles.
  • DC dual connectivity
  • the air interface utilized by WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be characterized by multiple types of radio access technologies and/or transmissions sent to/from multiple types of base stations (e.g., an eNB and a gNB).
  • the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (/.e., Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), IEEE 802.16 (/.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), and the like.
  • IEEE 802.11 /.e., Wireless Fidelity (WiFi)
  • IEEE 802.16 /.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)
  • CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO Code Division Multiple Access 2000
  • IS-95 Interim Standard 95
  • IS-856 Interim Standard 856
  • GSM Global System for
  • the base station 114b in FIG. 1 A may be a wireless router, Flome Node B, Flome eNode B, or access point, for example, and may utilize any suitable RAT for facilitating wireless connectivity in a localized area, such as a place of business, a home, a vehicle, a campus, an industrial facility, an air corridor (e.g., for use by drones), a roadway, and the like.
  • the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN).
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.15 to establish a wireless personal area network (WPAN).
  • the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may utilize a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR etc.) to establish a picocell or femtocell.
  • the base station 114b may have a direct connection to the Internet 110.
  • the base station 114b may not be required to access the Internet 110 via the CN 106/115.
  • the RAN 104/113 may be in communication with the CN 106/115, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, applications, and/or voice over internet protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d.
  • the data may have varying quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as differing throughput requirements, latency requirements, error tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, and the like.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the CN 106/115 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, pre-paid calling, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and/or perform high-level security functions, such as user authentication.
  • the RAN 104/113 and/or the CN 106/115 may be in direct or indirect communication with other RANs that employ the same RAT as the RAN 104/113 or a different RAT.
  • the CN 106/115 may also be in communication with another RAN (not shown) employing a GSM, UMTS, CDMA 2000, WiMAX, E-UTRA, or WiFi radio technology.
  • the CN 106/115 may also serve as a gateway for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110, and/or the other networks 112.
  • the PSTN 108 may include circuit- switched telephone networks that provide plain old telephone service (POTS).
  • POTS plain old telephone service
  • the Internet 110 may include a global system of interconnected computer networks and devices that use common
  • the networks 112 may include wired and/or wireless communications networks owned and/or operated by other service providers.
  • the networks 112 may include another CN connected to one or more RANs, which may employ the same RAT as the RAN 104/113 or a different RAT.
  • Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the communications system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities ⁇ e.g., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links).
  • the WTRU 102c shown in FIG. 1 A may be configured to communicate with the base station 114a, which may employ a cellular-based radio technology, and with the base station 114b, which may employ an IEEE 802 radio technology.
  • FIG. 1 B is a system diagram illustrating an example WTRU 102.
  • the WTRU 102 may include a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit/receive element 122, a speaker/microphone 124, a keypad 126, a display/touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136, and/or other peripherals 138, among others.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the processor 118 may be a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) circuits, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, and the like.
  • the processor 118 may perform signal coding, data processing, power control, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that enables the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment.
  • the processor 118 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be coupled to the transmit/receive element 122. While FIG. 1 B depicts the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 as separate components, it will be appreciated that the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 may be integrated together in an electronic package or chip.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit signals to, or receive signals from, a base station (e.g., the base station 114a) over the air interface 116.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be an antenna configured to transmit and/or receive RF signals.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be an emitter/detector configured to transmit and/or receive IR, UV, or visible light signals, for example.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and/or receive both RF and light signals. It will be appreciated that the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and/or receive any combination of wireless signals.
  • the WTRU 102 may include any number of transmit/receive elements 122. More specifically, the WTRU 102 may employ MIMO technology. Thus, in one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include two or more transmit/receive elements 122 ⁇ e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals over the air interface 116.
  • the transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate the signals that are to be transmitted by the transmit/receive element 122 and to demodulate the signals that are received by the transmit/receive element 122.
  • the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode capabilities.
  • the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers for enabling the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple RATs, such as NR and IEEE 802.11 , for example.
  • the processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to, and may receive user input data from, the speaker/microphone 124, the keypad 126, and/or the display/touchpad 128 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit or organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display unit).
  • the processor 118 may also output user data to the speaker/microphone 124, the keypad 126, and/or the display/touchpad 128.
  • the processor 118 may access information from, and store data in, any type of suitable memory, such as the non-removable memory 130 and/or the removable memory 132.
  • the non-removable memory 130 may include random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory storage device.
  • the removable memory 132 may include a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a secure digital (SD) memory card, and the like.
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • SD secure digital
  • the processor 118 may access information from, and store data in, memory that is not physically located on the WTRU 102, such as on a server or a home computer (not shown).
  • the processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134, and may be configured to distribute and/or control the power to the other components in the WTRU 102.
  • the power source 134 may be any suitable device for powering the WTRU 102.
  • the power source 134 may include one or more dry cell batteries (e.g., nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, and the like.
  • the processor 118 may also be coupled to the GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) regarding the current location of the WTRU 102.
  • location information e.g., longitude and latitude
  • the WTRU 102 may receive location information over the air interface 116 from a base station (e.g., base stations 114a, 114b) and/or determine its location based on the timing of the signals being received from two or more nearby base stations. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may acquire location information by way of any suitable location- determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
  • a base station e.g., base stations 114a, 114b
  • the WTRU 102 may acquire location information by way of any suitable location- determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
  • the processor 118 may further be coupled to other peripherals 138, which may include one or more software and/or hardware modules that provide additional features, functionality and/or wired or wireless connectivity.
  • the peripherals 138 may include an accelerometer, an e-compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera (for photographs and/or video), a universal serial bus (USB) port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands free headset, a Bluetooth® module, a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser, a Virtual Reality and/or Augmented Reality (VR/AR) device, an activity tracker, and the like.
  • FM frequency modulated
  • the peripherals 138 may include one or more sensors, the sensors may be one or more of a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a hall effect sensor, a magnetometer, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a time sensor; a geolocation sensor; an altimeter, a light sensor, a touch sensor, a magnetometer, a barometer, a gesture sensor, a biometric sensor, and/or a humidity sensor.
  • a gyroscope an accelerometer, a hall effect sensor, a magnetometer, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a time sensor; a geolocation sensor; an altimeter, a light sensor, a touch sensor, a magnetometer, a barometer, a gesture sensor, a biometric sensor, and/or a humidity sensor.
  • the WTRU 102 may include a full duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with particular subframes for both the UL (e.g., for transmission) and downlink (e.g., for reception) may be concurrent and/or simultaneous.
  • the full duplex radio may include an interference management unit to reduce and or substantially eliminate self-interference via either hardware (e.g., a choke) or signal processing via a processor (e.g., a separate processor (not shown) or via processor 118).
  • the WRTU 102 may include a half-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with particular subframes for either the UL (e.g., for transmission) or the downlink (e.g., for reception)).
  • a half-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with particular subframes for either the UL (e.g., for transmission) or the downlink (e.g., for reception)).
  • FIG. 1C is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106 according to an embodiment.
  • the RAN 104 may employ an E-UTRA radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116.
  • the RAN 104 may also be in communication with the CN 106.
  • the RAN 104 may include eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 may include any number of eNode-Bs while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
  • the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116.
  • the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may implement MIMO technology.
  • the eNode-B 160a for example, may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to, and/or receive wireless signals from, the WTRU 102a.
  • Each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in the UL and/or DL, and the like. As shown in FIG. 1 C, the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may communicate with one another over an X2 interface.
  • the CN 106 shown in FIG. 1 C may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, a serving gateway (SGW) 164, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (or PGW) 166. While each of the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN 106, it will be appreciated that any of these elements may be owned and/or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.
  • MME mobility management entity
  • SGW serving gateway
  • PGW packet data network gateway
  • the MME 162 may be connected to each of the eNode-Bs 162a, 162b, 162c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface and may serve as a control node.
  • the MME 162 may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, bearer activation/deactivation, selecting a particular serving gateway during an initial attach of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.
  • the MME 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as GSM and/or WCDMA.
  • the SGW 164 may be connected to each of the eNode Bs 160a, 160b, 160c in the RAN 104 via the S1 interface.
  • the SGW 164 may generally route and forward user data packets to/from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.
  • the SGW 164 may perform other functions, such as anchoring user planes during inter- eNode B handovers, triggering paging when DL data is available for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, managing and storing contexts of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.
  • the SGW 164 may be connected to the PGW 166, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 1 10, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.
  • packet-switched networks such as the Internet 1 10
  • the CN 106 may facilitate communications with other networks.
  • the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to circuit-switched networks, such as the PSTN 108, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and traditional land-line communications devices.
  • the CN 106 may include, or may communicate with, an IP gateway (e.g., an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108.
  • IMS IP multimedia subsystem
  • the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to the other networks 112, which may include other wired and/or wireless networks that are owned and/or operated by other service providers.
  • the WTRU is described in FIGS. 1 A-1 D as a wireless terminal, it is contemplated that in certain representative embodiments that such a terminal may use (e.g., temporarily or permanently) wired communication interfaces with the communication network.
  • the other network 112 may be a WLAN.
  • a WLAN in Infrastructure Basic Service Set (BSS) mode may have an Access Point (AP) for the BSS and one or more stations (STAs) associated with the AP.
  • the AP may have an access or an interface to a Distribution System (DS) or another type of wired/wireless network that carries traffic in to and/or out of the BSS.
  • Traffic to STAs that originates from outside the BSS may arrive through the AP and may be delivered to the STAs.
  • Traffic originating from STAs to destinations outside the BSS may be sent to the AP to be delivered to respective destinations.
  • Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be sent through the AP, for example, where the source STA may send traffic to the AP and the AP may deliver the traffic to the destination STA.
  • the traffic between STAs within a BSS may be considered and/or referred to as peer-to- peer traffic.
  • the peer-to-peer traffic may be sent between ⁇ e.g., directly between) the source and destination STAs with a direct link setup (DLS).
  • the DLS may use an 802.11e DLS or an 802.11z tunneled DLS (TDLS).
  • a WLAN using an Independent BSS (IBSS) mode may not have an AP, and the STAs (e.g., all of the STAs) within or using the IBSS may communicate directly with each other.
  • the IBSS mode of communication may sometimes be referred to herein as an "ad- hoc” mode of communication.
  • the AP may transmit a beacon on a fixed channel, such as a primary channel.
  • the primary channel may be a fixed width (e.g., 20 MHz wide bandwidth) or a dynamically set width via signaling.
  • the primary channel may be the operating channel of the BSS and may be used by the STAs to establish a connection with the AP.
  • Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) may be implemented, for example in in 802.11 systems.
  • the STAs e.g., every STA, including the AP, may sense the primary channel. If the primary channel is sensed/detected and/or determined to be busy by a particular STA, the particular STA may back off.
  • One STA (e.g., only one station) may transmit at any given time in a given BSS.
  • High Throughput (HT) STAs may use a 40 MHz wide channel for communication, for example, via a combination of the primary 20 MHz channel with an adjacent or nonadjacent 20 MHz channel to form a 40 MHz wide channel.
  • VHT STAs may support 20MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, and/or 160 MHz wide channels.
  • the 40 MHz, and/or 80 MHz, channels may be formed by combining contiguous 20 MHz channels.
  • a 160 MHz channel may be formed by combining 8 contiguous 20 MHz channels, or by combining two non-contiguous 80 MHz channels, which may be referred to as an 80+80 configuration.
  • the data, after channel encoding may be passed through a segment parser that may divide the data into two streams.
  • Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, and time domain processing may be done on each stream separately.
  • IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • the streams may be mapped on to the two 80 MHz channels, and the data may be transmitted by a transmitting STA.
  • the herein described operation for the 80+80 configuration may be reversed, and the combined data may be sent to the Medium Access Control (MAC).
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • Sub 1 GHz modes of operation are supported by 802.11 af and 802.11 ah.
  • the channel operating bandwidths, and carriers, are reduced in 802.11 af and 802.11 ah relative to those used in 802.11 h, and 802.11 ac.
  • 802.11 af supports 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz bandwidths in the TV White Space (TVWS) spectrum
  • 802.11ah supports 1 MHz, 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, and 16 MHz bandwidths using non- TVWS spectrum.
  • 802.11 ah may support Meter Type
  • MTC devices may have certain capabilities, for example, limited capabilities including support for ⁇ e.g., only support for) certain and/or limited bandwidths.
  • the MTC devices may include a battery with a battery life above a threshold (e.g., to maintain a very long battery life).
  • WLAN systems which may support multiple channels, and channel bandwidths, such as 802.11h, 802.11 ac, 802.11 af, and 802.11 ah, include a channel which may be designated as the primary channel.
  • the primary channel may have a bandwidth equal to the largest common operating bandwidth supported by all STAs in the BSS.
  • the bandwidth of the primary channel may be set and/or limited by a STA, from among all STAs in operating in a BSS, which supports the smallest bandwidth operating mode.
  • the primary channel may be 1 MHz wide for STAs (e.g., MTC type devices) that support (e.g., may only support) a 1 MHz mode, even if the AP, and other STAs in the BSS support 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, 16 MHz, and/or other channel bandwidth operating modes.
  • Carrier sensing and/or Network Allocation Vector (NAV) settings may depend on the status of the primary channel. If the primary channel is busy, for example, due to a STA (which may support only a 1 MHz operating mode), transmitting to the AP, the entire available frequency bands may be considered busy even though a majority of the frequency bands remains idle and may be available.
  • STAs e.g., MTC type devices
  • NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • the available frequency bands which may be used by 802.11 ah, are from 902 MHz to 928 MHz. In Korea, the available frequency bands are from 917.5 MHz to 923.5 MHz. In Japan, the available frequency bands are from 916.5 MHz to 927.5 MHz. The total bandwidth available for 802.11 ah is 6 MHz to 26 MHz depending on the country code.
  • FIG. 1 D is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 113 and the CN 115 according to an embodiment.
  • the RAN 113 may employ an NR radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116.
  • the RAN 113 may also be in communication with the CN 115.
  • the RAN 113 may include gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 1 13 may include any number of gNBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement MIMO technology.
  • gNBs 180a, 108b may utilize beamforming to transmit signals to and/or receive signals from the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c.
  • the gNB 180a may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to, and/or receive wireless signals from, the WTRU 102a.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement carrier aggregation technology.
  • the gNB 180a may transmit multiple component carriers to the WTRU 102a (not shown). A subset of these component carriers may be on unlicensed spectrum while the remaining component carriers may be on licensed spectrum.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) technology.
  • WTRU 102a may receive coordinated transmissions from gNB 180a and gNB 180b (and/or gNB 180c).
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using transmissions associated with a scalable numerology.
  • the OFDM symbol spacing and/or OFDM subcarrier spacing may vary for different transmissions, different cells, and/or different portions of the wireless transmission spectrum.
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using subframe or transmission time intervals (TTIs) of various or scalable lengths ⁇ e.g., containing varying number of OFDM symbols and/or lasting varying lengths of absolute time).
  • TTIs subframe or transmission time intervals
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be configured to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c in a standalone configuration and/or a non-standalone configuration.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c without also accessing other RANs (e.g., such as eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c).
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may utilize one or more of gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c as a mobility anchor point.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using signals in an unlicensed band.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with/connect to gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c while also communicating with/connecting to another RAN such as eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement DC principles to communicate with one or more gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c and one or more eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c substantially simultaneously.
  • eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may serve as a mobility anchor for WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may provide additional coverage and/or throughput for servicing WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.
  • Each of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in the UL and/or DL, support of network slicing, dual connectivity, interworking between NR and E- UTRA, routing of user plane data towards User Plane Function (UPF) 184a, 184b, routing of control plane information towards Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 182a, 182b and the like. As shown in FIG. 1 D, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may communicate with one another over an Xn interface.
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • the CN 115 shown in FIG. 1 D may include at least one AMF 182a, 182b, at least one UPF 184a, 184b, at least one Session Management Function (SMF) 183a, 183b, and possibly a Data Network (DN) 185a, 185b. While each of the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN 115, it will be appreciated that any of these elements may be owned and/or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • the AMF 182a, 182b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 1 13 via an N2 interface and may serve as a control node.
  • the AMF 182a, 182b may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, support for network slicing ⁇ e.g., handling of different PDU sessions with different requirements), selecting a particular SMF 183a, 183b, management of the registration area, termination of NAS signaling, mobility management, and the like.
  • Network slicing may be used by the AMF 182a, 182b in order to customize CN support for WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c based on the types of services being utilized WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.
  • different network slices may be established for different use cases such as services relying on ultra-reliable low latency (URLLC) access, services relying on enhanced massive mobile broadband (eMBB) access, services for machine type communication (MTC) access, and/or the like.
  • URLLC ultra-reliable low latency
  • eMBB enhanced massive mobile broadband
  • MTC machine type communication
  • the AMF 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 1 13 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and/or non-3GPP access technologies such as WiFi.
  • radio technologies such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and/or non-3GPP access technologies such as WiFi.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may be connected to an AMF 182a, 182b in the CN 115 via an N1 1 interface.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may also be connected to a UPF 184a, 184b in the CN 115 via an N4 interface.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may select and control the UPF 184a, 184b and configure the routing of traffic through the UPF 184a, 184b.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may perform other functions, such as managing and allocating UE IP address, managing PDU sessions, controlling policy enforcement and QoS, providing downlink data notifications, and the like.
  • a PDU session type may be IP-based, non-IP based, Ethernet- based, and the like.
  • the UPF 184a, 184b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via an N3 interface, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet- switched networks, such as the Internet 1 10, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.
  • the UPF 184, 184b may perform other functions, such as routing and forwarding packets, enforcing user plane policies, supporting multi-homed PDU sessions, handling user plane QoS, buffering downlink packets, providing mobility anchoring, and the like.
  • the CN 115 may facilitate communications with other networks.
  • the CN 115 may include, or may communicate with, an IP gateway ⁇ e.g., an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 115 and the PSTN 108.
  • the CN 115 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to the other networks 112, which may include other wired and/or wireless networks that are owned and/or operated by other service providers.
  • IMS IP multimedia subsystem
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected to a local Data Network (DN) 185a, 185b through the UPF 184a, 184b via the N3 interface to the UPF 184a, 184b and an N6 interface between the UPF 184a, 184b and the DN 185a, 185b.
  • DN local Data Network
  • one or more, or all, of the functions described herein with regard to one or more of: WTRU 102a-d, Base Station 114a-b, eNode-B 160a-c, MME 162, SGW 164, PGW 166, gNB 180a-c, AMF 182a-b, UPF 184a-b, SMF 183a-b, DN 185a-b, and/or any other device(s) described herein, may be performed by one or more emulation devices (not shown).
  • the emulation devices may be one or more devices configured to emulate one or more, or all, of the functions described herein.
  • the emulation devices may be used to test other devices and/or to simulate network and/or WTRU functions.
  • the emulation devices may be designed to implement one or more tests of other devices in a lab environment and/or in an operator network environment.
  • the one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, or all, functions while being fully or partially implemented and/or deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network in order to test other devices within the communication network.
  • the one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, or all, functions while being temporarily implemented/deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network.
  • the emulation device may be directly coupled to another device for purposes of testing and/or may performing testing using over-the-air wireless communications.
  • the one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, including all, functions while not being implemented/deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network.
  • the emulation devices may be utilized in a testing scenario in a testing laboratory and/or a non-deployed (e.g., testing) wired and/or wireless communication network in order to implement testing of one or more components.
  • the one or more emulation devices may be test equipment. Direct RF coupling and/or wireless communications via RF circuitry (e.g., which may include one or more antennas) may be used by the emulation devices to transmit and/or receive data.
  • RF circuitry e.g., which may include one or more antennas
  • a WTRU may be configured with a plurality of sidelink resource pools and may activate one or more resource pools to communicate with other WTRUs.
  • a resource pool may be defined in one or more of frequency ⁇ e.g., on or more of sub-carriers, resource blocks, bandwidth parts, transmission band, etc.), time (e.g., one or more of symbols, slots, subframes, periodicity, offset, etc.), code (e.g., one or more of cyclic shift, orthogonal code, etc.), space (e.g., beam, one or more precoder, etc.), and/or any combination of time/frequency/code/space resources.
  • the WTRU may use the resources (e.g., resource blocks and slots/subframes) designated by an activated sidelink resource pool to communicate directly with other WTRUs.
  • the WTRU may autonomously and dynamically determine to activate and deactivate resource pools.
  • the WTRU may determine, based upon the characteristics of the data that it will be sending and/or receiving, to activate a resource pool suitable for transmitting and receiving the data.
  • the WTRU may also determine, based upon indications that it receives from another WTRU, to activate a resource pool compatible with that being used by the other WTRU.
  • the WTRU may determine, based upon indications, instructions, and/or communications that it receives from a radio access network, to activate a particular resource pool.
  • Direct device-to-device or WTRU-to-WTRU communication may take place in the context of vehicular operations.
  • Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) envisions scenarios wherein WTRUs, which may be associated with a vehicle, are able to directly communicate with other WTRUs which may be associated with other vehicles, infrastructure, people, and/or any other applicable item.
  • V2X operations may take place during in-coverage scenarios where a WRTU is within coverage of a radio access network, and/or during out-of-coverage scenarios where a WTRU is outside of coverage of a radio access network.
  • WTRUs may receive assistance from a network when transmitting and/or receiving V2X messages.
  • WTRUs that are outside coverage of a radio access network may use pre-configured parameters when transmitting and receiving V2X messages.
  • V2X communications may involve numerous different communication pairs.
  • V2X communication services may comprise, for example, one or more of the following: Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication, Vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication, Vehicle to network (V2N) communication, and Vehicle to pedestrian (V2P) communication.
  • V2V Vehicle to Vehicle
  • V2I Vehicle to infrastructure
  • V2N Vehicle to network
  • V2P Vehicle to pedestrian
  • vehicular WTRUs may communicate with each other directly.
  • vehicular WTRUs may communicate with road side units (RSUs) and/or network eNBs.
  • RSUs road side units
  • V2N communication vehicular WTRUs may communicate with a network which may be, for example, an LTE evolved packet core network.
  • V2P communication vehicular WTRUs may communicate with one or more WTRUs that may have special conditions such as, for example, low battery capacity.
  • a WTRU may use two or more modes of operation to support for V2X communications. For example, in a first mode a network may provide a scheduling assignment for V2X sidelink transmissions to a WTRU ⁇ e.g., may be referred to as Mode 3 V2X communication). In a second mode a WTRU may select (e.g., may autonomously select) the resources for sidelink transmissions from a configured/pre-configured resource pool (e.g., may be referred to as Mode 4 V2X communication).
  • a configured/pre-configured resource pool e.g., may be referred to as Mode 4 V2X communication.
  • LTE V2X processing may define one or more categories of resource pools (e.g., two categories of resource pools).
  • the resource pool categories may comprise, for example, V2X receiving pools and/or V2X transmitting pools.
  • V2X receiving pools may be used, for example, in monitoring for receiving V2X transmissions.
  • V2X transmitting pools may be used by the WTRUs to, for example, select a transmission resource (e.g., in Mode 4). In an example, transmitting pools may not be used by WTRUs configured in network scheduled D2D mode (e.g., Mode 3).
  • the resource pools used by WTRUs may be configured via signaling.
  • the signaling may be performed semi-statically via radio resource control (RRC) signaling.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • a WTRU may use sensing (e.g., signal measurements such as RSRP measurements) before selecting a resource from an RRC configured transmitting pool.
  • V2X resource pool configuration may be implemented via system information blocks (SIB) and/or dedicated RRC signaling, and/or a WTRU may be configured (e.g., preconfigured) with a pool configuration.
  • SIB system information blocks
  • a WTRU may be configured (e.g., preconfigured) with a pool configuration.
  • V2X processing may be performed using New Radio (NR) communication systems (e.g., 5G communication systems).
  • NR systems may support a number of use cases such as, for example, enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC).
  • eMBB enhanced Mobile Broadband
  • URLLC ultra-reliable low latency communications
  • V2X performance goals may include a maximum end-to-end latency of 3 milliseconds (ms) for a scenario such as, for example, sensor information sharing between V2X WTRUs, and/or emergency trajectory alignment between V2X WTRUs.
  • End-to-end latency may be defined as the time it takes to transfer a given piece of information from a source to a destination. End-to-end latency may be measured at the application level (e.g., from the moment the information is transmitted by the source application to the moment it is received at the destination application).
  • retransmission of a transport block e.g., the same transport block
  • V2X communications may be supported in a variety of scenarios. For example, V2X may be supported for an in-coverage scenario ⁇ e.g., under eNB/gNB coverage where DL and UL transmissions are supported). V2X may be supported on bands which are shared with non-V2X traffic. If V2X is supported on bands which are shared with non-V2X traffic, allocating V2X resources (e.g., to meet the latency requirements) may become challenging and/or inefficient.
  • Frequency division multiplexing may be used to support V2X communication.
  • a network may reserve a block of frequency resources for V2X transmissions, while other frequency blocks are reserved for other transmissions.
  • a diagram illustrating an example frequency division multiplexing technique is illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the frequency resources may correspond, for example, to different physical resource blocks (PRBs), different bandwidth parts (BWPs), different carriers, etc.
  • PRBs physical resource blocks
  • BWPs bandwidth parts
  • Spectral efficiency may be a consideration when attempting to provide V2X communications using frequency division multiplexing.
  • ultra-low latency V2X communications may be transmitted in bursts (e.g., emergency trajectory alignment between V2X WTRUs) and reserved resources may not be used in every transmission opportunity (e.g., may not be continually used).
  • a network may operate in Mode 3, in which case, the network may know whether the uplink (UL) resources are allocated to non-V2X WTRUs. If the network operates in Mode 3, the network may manage the WTRUS in Mode 3 (e.g., all the WTRUs in Mode 3).
  • management of the WTRUs in Mode 3 may increase in complexity. This increase in complexity may apply (e.g., may also apply) in an out-of-coverage scenario. Techniques may be performed to reduce the amount of dedicated resources for low latency in the preconfigured pools.
  • Time division duplex may be used to support V2X communication.
  • the set of resource pools for V2X communication may be restricted.
  • a set of resource pools may be restricted to uplink (UL) slots (e.g., since V2X transmissions may be use uplink resources).
  • UL uplink
  • a V2X WTRU may have ultra-low latency traffic, which may be scheduled for transmission in time period n (e.g., subframe n). But subframe n may be dedicated to downlink (DL) transmissions, and the WTRU may not be able to transmit the traffic until subframe n+4 used for UL.
  • V2X communications may be supported using sidelink resource pool re-configuration including activation and/or deactivation. Resource pool reconfiguration may be performed dynamically.
  • a WTRU may be configured with one or more sets of sidelink reception/transmission resource pools (RPs).
  • the resource pools define the resources that may be used to receive/transmit control information and/or data on a sidelink channel.
  • a set ⁇ e.g., each set) of sidelink reception/transmission resource pools may be associated with one or more of the following: a slot format; a pattern in the time domain comprising slots of the configured slot format; a configuration period; a component carrier (CC); a bandwidth part (BWP); a path loss gNB-WTRU or RSU-WTRU; and/or a beam configuration.
  • a WTRU may associate a set of reception resource pools to a slot format (e.g., a single slot format), or associate multiple sets of reception resource pools to a slot format (e.g., a single slot format).
  • a sidelink slot format may include symbols designated for sidelink transmission or reception.
  • the sidelink slot format may include one or more symbols per slot.
  • the symbols designated for sidelink transmission or reception may be re-configured (e.g., dynamically re-configured).
  • a WTRU may be configured with a reception resource pool which may include a repeated sidelink slot configuration for a sub-frame (e.g., each sub-frame).
  • a WTRU may be configured with a reception pool with a varied slot configuration for a sub-frame (e.g., each sub-frame).
  • the configured time domain pattern may be repeated.
  • the configured time domain may repeat itself within a configuration period.
  • a WTRU may be configured with one or more reception resource pools which may have a different number of sidelink reception slots.
  • a WTRU may be configured with one or more of the following: a reception resource pool with a large allocation for sidelink reception slots; and/or a reception resource pool with a small allocation for sidelink reception slots.
  • a WTRU may be configured with a reception resource pool with a large allocation for sidelink reception slots, for example, when receiving data requiring low latency and/or high throughput.
  • a WTRU may be configured with a reception resource pool with a relatively lesser number of reception slots, for example, when receiving data associated with a relatively low-throughput application, and/or associated with more regular data traffic.
  • a WTRU may be configured with one or more reception/transmission resource pools.
  • the resource pools may include sidelink slot(s) ⁇ e.g., a set of sidelink slots) and/or sidelink symbol(s) ⁇ e.g., a set of sidelink symbols).
  • the sidelink symbol(s) (e.g., the set of sidelink symbols) may include NR flexible symbols.
  • a WTRU may be configured with resource pools containing N slots for sidelink transmission/reception and M slots, which may contain KM symbols (e.g., only KM symbols), for sidelink transmission/reception.
  • the set of slots/symbols within the resource pool may be contiguous in time and/or distributed in different NR slots/symbols (e.g., non-contiguous).
  • An example configuration may include a first bit map, which may indicate a set of slots for sidelink
  • a second bit map which may indicate the sidelink symbols within the slots indicated by the first bitmap.
  • a WTRU may determine the resource pool(s) that should be activated/deactivated for sidelink reception/transmission.
  • the WTRU may make this determination in any number of ways including, for example: based on WTRU autonomous processing; based on explicit and/or implicit signaling from another WTRU; and/or based on explicit and/or implicit signaling from the network.
  • a WTRU may activate a sidelink resource pool by identifying or considering that resources specified in the resource pool are available for sidelink communications by the WTRU in the manner specified in the resource pool.
  • a WTRU may be configured (e.g., configured semi-statically) with a set of reception/transmission resource pools.
  • the WTRU determines which of the sidelink resource pools should be activated and or deactivated for an upcoming V2X or enhanced V2X (eV2X) transmission.
  • the WTRU may determine the sidelink resource pools to be activated/deactivated autonomously based upon, for example, various system information and/or data requirements or characteristics.
  • the WTRU may determine the sidelink resource pools to be activated/deactivated based upon a received indication. For example, a resource pool indication (RPI) may be received from another WTRU or from a RAN network to provide a dynamic indication of the resource pools to activate/deactivate.
  • the dynamic indication may be implicit or explicit.
  • a WTRU may receive an indication (e.g., RPI) designating sidelink resource pool re
  • a WTRU may be configured to monitor for a NR downlink control information (DCI), which may carry a sidelink resource pool indication (RPI).
  • DCI downlink control information
  • RPI sidelink resource pool indication
  • the WTRU may be configured (e.g., pre-configured) with a monitoring periodicity and/or radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) to decode the DCI.
  • RNTI radio network temporary identifier
  • the WTRU may receive (e.g., may receive in the broadcasted system information) a set of DCI monitoring parameters.
  • the WTRU may receive a corresponding CORESET and/or search space in remaining system information (RMSI) or other system information (OSI).
  • RRC radio resource control
  • a WTRU may receive a monitoring configuration for RPI in radio resource control (RRC) signaling, for example, when an RRC connection is established.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • a WTRU may receive an indication of the sidelink resource pools to be used via a low-cost signal such as, for example, a predefined sequence such as a Zadoff-Chu.
  • a WTRU may receive a MAC Control Element that may indicate, to the WTRU, to activate a sidelink resource pool.
  • a WTRU may receive a sidelink resource pool set configuration in system broadcast information and/or RRC signaling information.
  • the WTRU may receive a MAC CE indicating to activate one or more resource pools from the set.
  • the MAC CE may indicate one or more resource pools from the set to be a default sidelink resource pool(s).
  • the WTRU may monitor an RPI DCI based on network configuration ⁇ e.g., including monitoring periodicity).
  • the RPI DCI may be associated with an RPI timer.
  • the RPI timer may include a configured length (e.g., a length that is an integer multiple of monitoring periodicity).
  • the WTRU may consider a pool active while the RPI timer is running.
  • the WTRU may revert to a sidelink (e.g., a default sidelink) resource pool configuration depending upon any suitable criteria.
  • a sidelink e.g., a default sidelink
  • the WTRU may revert to a default sidelink resource pool when one or more of the following apply: an RPI timer expires; the WTRU does not detect another RPI DCI at the RPI monitoring occasion; and/or the WTRU has not received a sidelink message in the dynamically activated resource pool for a period of time (e.g., a configured period of time).
  • the WTRU may re-configure the sidelink resource pool, e.g., activate and/or deactivate resource pools in the set of resource pools, based on a sidelink resource pool indication that has been received.
  • the re-configuration may allow a WTRU to allocate slots as appropriate.
  • the re-configuration may activate a sidelink resource pool specifying more sidelink reception slots which may be useful, for example, during sidelink operations of low latency applications.
  • the re-configuration may change the allocation between NR downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) slots and/or sidelink slots.
  • a WTRU may receive DCI that may include an indication to change the sidelink slot format of a sidelink resource pool, which may be, for example, an active sidelink resource pool. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 4, a WTRU may re-configure the sidelink transmission slot to be the same sidelink reception slot as the ones configured for the resource pool. The allocation of sidelink slots may be consistent.
  • a resource pool indication (RPI) for sidelink resource pool (RP) re-configuration including activation/deactivation may be determined by the WTRU implicitly and/or may otherwise be implicitly indicated by the network, e.g., RAN.
  • a WTRU may receive an indication from the network which may be interpreted by the WTRU as an implicit indication of resource pool indication.
  • the WTRU may determine an applicable resource pool based on one or more of the following configuration parameters: a PDCCH (e.g., a group common PDCCH carrying a slot format indicator (SFI)); a change in a beam configuration (e.g., a dynamic beam configuration); a Bandwidth Part activation/deactivation (e.g., a dynamic Bandwidth Part activation/deactivation); etc.
  • a WTRU may be configured to map an SFI index with a resource pool configuration. The WTRU may monitor the SFI to determine DL symbols, flexible symbols, and/or UL symbols. The WTRU may then determine to use a set of UL symbols for sidelink transmission, which may be based on the resource pool-to-SFI mapping.
  • the WTRU may determine a sidelink resource pool based on the association between one or more of the configuration parameters above and the configured sidelink resource pool. For example, different resource pools may be configured/associated with different bandwidth parts, and a change in bandwidth part may be an implicit indication to also change resource pools. In an example, different resource pools may be configured/associated with different beam configurations, and a change in beam configuration may be an implicit indication to also change resource pools.
  • a WTRU may receive an explicit resource pool indication from another WTRU via a sidelink communication.
  • a resource pool indicator for sidelink resource pool activation/deactivation may be explicitly signaled over a sidelink data and/or control channel.
  • an explicit resource pool indication may be carried in a Sidelink Control Information (SCI) format (e.g., a special SCI format) and/or broadcasted (e.g., broadcasted via sidelink system information and/or via a separate physical channel).
  • SCI Sidelink Control Information
  • the RPI may be transmitted via a resource pool (e.g., via one of the sets of active resource pools).
  • a WTRU may be configured to monitor a resource pool for the RPI.
  • the RPI may be transmitted on a resource which may be, for example, a fixed time/frequency resource.
  • a WTRU may determine an implicit resource pool indication has been received from another WTRU via a sidelink communication.
  • activation/deactivation may be implicitly indicated based on one or more sidelink communications.
  • a WTRU may change its active resource pools based on the reception of sidelink data that is determined to be an implicit indication to reconfigure activated and deactivated sidelink pools.
  • the sidelink data may be received, for example, from another WTRU.
  • the change in active and deactivated resource pools may be triggered by receiving a control message and/or a data message.
  • the control message and/or data message may be sent by a WTRU to another WTRU over the sidelink.
  • the change of resource pool may be triggered by receiving a transmission on specific resources ⁇ e.g., time and/or frequency) in a resource pool (e.g., a resource pool which is dedicated for such active pool change).
  • the change of resource pool may be triggered by receiving a control message indicating a sidelink data channel for transmission (e.g., over a preconfigured RP, which may not be active).
  • the WTRU may determine that the data implicitly indicates to activate one or more resource pools and/or to deactivate another one or more resource pools.
  • a WTRU may autonomously determine to reconfigure, e.g., activate and/or deactivate, sidelink resource pools.
  • a WTRU may be configured with sidelink resource pool resources that may be associated with a set of packet priorities. The association may be based on, for example, one or more of the sidelink transmission service type, reliability, latency requirement, etc.
  • a WTRU may be configured to autonomously select and activate and/or deactivate a sidelink resource pool resources for sidelink transmission and/or reception.
  • the selection and activation/deactivation and/or reconfiguration may be based, for example, on one or more of the following: a higher layer (e.g., communication layer) of the WTRU may have a sidelink packet for transmission and/or reception that has an associated higher priority than that associated with the currently applied sidelink resource pool configuration including the currently activated resource pools; a higher layer (e.g., communication layer) of the WTRU may have a SL packet with a required transmission latency which, for example, may not be supported by the currently configured sidelink resource pool configuration including the currently activated resource pools; the WTRU may receive from another WTRU a packet with a higher priority than that associated with the currently applied sidelink resource pool configuration including the currently activated resource pools; a measurement result (e.g., determined by the WTRU); a sensing result (e.g., determined by the WTRU); and/or quality of service characteristics for anticipated sidelink communications is not supported by the currently activated resource pools.
  • a higher layer e.g.,
  • a WTRU may be configured to determine that the activated sidelink pools are not suitable for the particular data and/or requirements associated with the data, and may identify one or more other sidelink resource pools that are suitable.
  • the WTRU activates the suitable sidelink pool(s) and may communicate an indication of the activation of the sidelink pools to other WTRUs and/or the radio access network.
  • the currently activated resource pools may not support the data characteristics or requirements.
  • a higher priority packet may be received under any number of circumstances.
  • the WTRU may receive a sidelink message with a heightened priority such as, for example, a sidelink emergency message, which message may need to be relayed to other WTRUs.
  • a WTRU may receive an SCI message, which may indicate a relatively high priority such as, for example, a priority associated with a low latency packet transmission.
  • the WTRU may determine an activated resource pool is not suitable for the data, and may select to activate a sidelink resource pool that is suitable and which may have more sidelink resources such as, for example, more UL symbols and/or more flexible symbols in the time domain than a currently activated resource pool.
  • the WTRU may activate the selected resource pool(s) and use the activated resource pool(s) to transmit data.
  • the WTRU may communicate the activation of the sidelink resource pool to other WTRUs and/or a RAN as described herein.
  • a WTRU may be configured to take a measurement, and depending upon the measurement, may autonomously determine to reconfigure the activated/deactivated resource pools.
  • the WTRU may be configured to sense or measure the energy over a set of resource pools ⁇ e.g., for a preconfigured duration).
  • the WTRU may activate one or more resource pools (e.g., one or more additional resource pools) if the measured energy is above a threshold.
  • the WTRU may be configured to measure the channel busy ratio (CBR) over one or more resource pools (e.g., a set of resource pools). The WTRU may compare the CBR to a threshold.
  • CBR channel busy ratio
  • the WTRU may determine if the CBR is above or below a threshold. If the WTRU determines the CBR is above the threshold, the WTRU may activate a selected resource pool(s) and use the activated resource pool(s) to transmit data.
  • a WTRU may be configured to select (e.g., autonomously reselect) for activation/deactivation and/or reconfigure a sidelink resource pool resource for sidelink transmission and/or reception based on sensing results.
  • a WTRU may be configured to activate one or more resource pools (e.g., one or more additional resource pool(s)).
  • the WTRU may determine the number of WTRUs using a set of resource pool(s) (e.g., within a sidelink reference signal receive power (S- RSRP) range).
  • S- RSRP sidelink reference signal receive power
  • the WTRU may activate a set, which may be an additional set, of appropriate resource pools if the number of WTRUs using a set of resource pools within a configured S-RSPR range is above a threshold.
  • the WTRU may use the activated sidelink pool(s) to transmit sidelink packet packets.
  • a WTRU is configured to select (e.g., autonomously select or reselect) for activation/deactivation and/or reconfiguration a sidelink resource pool resource for sidelink transmission and/or reception based on QoS characteristic(s).
  • the WTRU's higher layers may initiate a transmission of a sidelink packet with QoS characteristics (e.g., a V2X QoS Index (VQI) parameter).
  • QoS characteristic may or may not be supported by a currently activated resource pool(s).
  • the WTRU may be configured with a mapping rule between a VQI parameter and the resource pools.
  • the WTRU may use the mapping rule to determine whether the QoS characteristic is supported by the currently activated resource pool(s).
  • the WTRU may use the mapping rule to select for activation a resource pool that may support the QoS characteristic for transmitting the sidelink packet.
  • the WTRU may activate the selected resource pool and use it to transmit the sidelink packet.
  • the WTRU may also send to one or more other WTRUs an indication that it has activated a particular sidelink resource pool.
  • the WTRU may use an active sidelink resource pool to send a resource pool indication (RPI) on a sidelink channel.
  • a WTRU after autonomously activating a resource pool, may send an RPI for the activated resource pool to other WTRUs.
  • the WTRU may transmit sidelink packets on a set of activated resource pool(s) while sending the RPI indicating the activation of new resource pool.
  • the WTRU may be configured with a resource pool to send the RPI to other WTRUs.
  • the WTRU may send the RPI and then switch to the activated resource pool.
  • the WTRU may transmit data on the activated resource pool while simultaneously transmitting the RPI.
  • a WTRU may be configured to indicate to the network and/or to other WTRUs the set of activated resource pools. For example, after autonomously activating one or more sidelink resource pools, the WTRU may indicate the set of active resource pools after autonomously activating and/or deactivating a resource pool.
  • the indication may transmitted using a sidelink control information (SCI) message which may comprise, for example, one or more RPIs.
  • SCI sidelink control information
  • a WTRU may be configured ⁇ e.g., may be configured by the NW) to enable and/or disable autonomous sidelink resource pool reconfiguration.
  • the WTRU may be configured (e.g., configured by the NW) with an allowable subset of pool configurations that the WTRU may use for autonomous
  • a WTRU may perform processing after receiving an RPI. For example, upon reception of an RPI from, for example, another WTRU or from the network, a WTRU may activate the pre-configured pool indicated in the RPI.
  • the RPI may be received in any suitable manner such as, for example, a broadcast control message.
  • the WTRU may be configured to perform processing for the activation/deactivation of resources and/or resource pools, based on reception of an RPI via, for example, a broadcast control message. For example, when the WTRU receives an activation command for a pool with a specific class or classification ⁇ e.g., a class of resource pools which may be associated with certain delay characteristics) - which for purposes of explanation may be designated as Class A - the WTRU may be configured to deactivate one or more active pools ⁇ e.g., all active pools) having a lower class ⁇ e.g., Class B, C, etc.).
  • the WTRU may be configured to re-activate a previously active resource pool (e.g., Class B, C, etc.) based on the resource pool(s) activated for class A becoming deactivated.
  • a previously active resource pool e.g., Class B, C, etc.
  • the WTRU may be configured to refrain from activating a lower class resource pool unless and/or until the higher class resource pool has been deactivated.
  • the activation and deactivation of sidelink resource pools may be performed in response to receiving an RPI from another WTRU and/or from a network device.
  • a WTRU may be configured with one or more dedicated resources within a sidelink resource pool.
  • the dedicated resource may be used for implicit activation/deactivation of other resource pools. For example, when the WTRU detects a sidelink transmission on a dedicated resource, the WTRU may perform activation/deactivation of other resource pools using the processing techniques described herein.
  • a WTRU may transmit an RPI to other WTRUs (e.g., over a sidelink).
  • a WTRU may be configured to broadcast a control message over sidelink to perform resource pool selection or otherwise indicate an RPI.
  • the WTRU may broadcast the control message/RPI when one or more of the of the following occur: a low-latency service is initiated; an indication is received from upper layers to perform such control message transmission; a sidelink bearer is established (e.g., with certain low-latency characteristics); and/or data (e.g., with certain low-latency characteristics) is received from the network and/or from another WTRU (e.g., in the case of relaying).
  • the broadcast control message may include one or more of the following information: an indication of the resource pool configuration (e.g., a specific pool configuration) to activate/deactivate (e.g., in the form of an index); and/or an indication of a class of resource pool configuration to activate/deactivate.
  • a WTRU may have been configured (e.g., by an RRC message) with a set of pools and the pools (e.g., each pool) may be associated with one or more categories.
  • a message (e.g., a broadcast control message) received by a WTRU may indicate to activate and/or deactivate pools associated with a particular category.
  • the WTRU may use a resource pool (e.g., a common resource pool) to transmit the RPI.
  • the resource pool e.g., the common resource pool
  • the resource pool may or may not be subject to dynamic reconfiguration.
  • a WTRU may be configured with sidelink Semi Persistent Scheduling (SPS) resources which may be used for sidelink transmission.
  • SPS resources may correspond to sets of one or more transmission resources that are periodically reserved or dedicated to a particular WTRU.
  • SPS allocation may be associated with a periodicity, subframe offset, symbol offset, resource block (or sub-resource block) assignment, and/or other settings that allow the WTRU to transmit and/or receive in a resource pool in a periodic fashion.
  • the WTRU may be configured to monitor for a resource reconfiguration (e.g., a dynamic resource reconfiguration).
  • the WTRU may, for example, stop transmitting on the semi-persistent configured grant when the dynamic resource reconfiguration is received.
  • the WTRU may be configured with a set of grants, which may be applied in different resource pools depending on the dynamic resource reconfiguration.
  • the WTRU may be preconfigured with a number, N, of resource pool(s).
  • a respective SPS grant may be associated with each of the preconfigured resources pools. If the network dynamically changes the resource pool, the WTRU may implicitly determine the SPS grant to be applied.
  • a WTRU may request a resource pool reconfiguration ⁇ e.g., request the network for a resource pool reconfiguration).
  • the request may be for a sidelink resource pool reconfiguration.
  • a WTRU may be configured with uplink resources, which may be used to request a resource pool reconfiguration.
  • the WTRU may be configured with PUCCFI resources, which may carry uplink control information (UCI).
  • the UCI may request a sidelink resource pool reconfiguration.
  • the WTRU may indicate (e.g., indicate in the UCI) a sidelink resource pool (e.g., a preferred sidelink resource pool).
  • the WTRU may be configured with a scheduling request (SR) resource, which may be used for requesting (e.g., implicitly requesting) the sidelink resource pool reconfiguration.
  • SR scheduling request
  • a WRTU may be configured with one or more SR resources, which may be associated with (e.g., each of which may be associated with) one or more sidelink resource pool configuration(s).
  • a WTRU may be configured with one or more (e.g., two) different SR resources.
  • the SR resources (e.g., each of the SR resources) may correspond to different sidelink resource pool configurations (e.g., two different RP configurations).
  • the WTRU may be configured to request sidelink resource pool reconfigurations based on one or more of the following: a sidelink measurement, sensing, geographical location, sidelink packet service type, sidelink packet priority, etc.
  • Sidelink channel processing may be used to support various services including, for example, Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) services.
  • one or more sidelink channel structures may be provided for URLLC services.
  • a WTRU may be configured with one or more physical sidelink control channel (PSCCFI) and/or physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) structures.
  • PSCCFI and/or PSSCH structures may carry different types of sidelink control information/sidelink data.
  • a first PSCCFI structure may schedule ultra-reliable-low latency (URLLC) traffic and/or a second PSCCFI structure may schedule other traffic (e.g., non-URLLC traffic).
  • URLLC ultra-reliable-low latency
  • non-URLLC traffic e.g., non-URLLC traffic
  • the PSCCFI structure for URLLC may have a smaller relative duration in time (e.g., one symbol duration) and/or larger frequency domain allocation.
  • the PSCCFI for other traffic e.g., non-URLLC traffic
  • a URLLC PSCCFI and a PSSCH may be multiplexed in the frequency domain and may be, for example, at the same symbol location.
  • the WTRU may decode PSCCFI and/or PSSCH in close proximity to each other (e.g., at the same symbol).
  • a WTRU may receive a PSSCH timing indication via, for example, a PSCCH transmission, and the timing indication may depend on one or more sidelink transmission parameters such as, for example, numerology BWP and/or WTRU capability.
  • the WTRU may receive a resource pool indication (RPI) to re-configure one or more flexible symbols which may be, for example, flexible symbols for sidelink URLLC transmissions.
  • RPI resource pool indication
  • the reconfiguration may trigger the WTRU to monitor one or more SCIs ⁇ e.g., a set of SCIs).
  • the SCIs may be specific to URLLC transmissions on the reconfigured symbols and/or may have a shorter monitoring periodicity.
  • the WTRU may monitor the SCIs of URLLC traffic at each symbol and/or every two symbols, whereas the monitoring may be less frequent for non-URLLC transmissions.
  • a resource pool configuration received from the network may contain an indication of the SCI format and/or an indication of the PSSCH format that may be used for transmission/reception using the that resource pool.
  • a WTRU may monitor the SCI and/or decode the PSSCH based on a format, which may be associated with the resource pool (e.g., different SCI formats may be expected for different resource pools).
  • the WTRU may be configured (e.g., may also be configured) with one or more SCI(s) and/or one or more PSSCH format(s) for a pool.
  • the WTRU may monitor a receive pool (RX pool) and/or transmit pool (TX pool) based on one or more of the SCI/PSSCH configurations, which may be associated with the pool.
  • a WTRU operating on a URLLC service may pre-empt a sidelink SPS transmission.
  • a WTRU may be configured to pre-empt a sidelink SPS grant of another WTRU.
  • the WTRU may be configured to determine the SPS grant used by other WTRUs.
  • the WTRU may be configured to determine the SPS grant used by other WTRUs by decoding the SCIs of other WTRUs.
  • the WTRU may determine (e.g., may then determine) an SPS resource (e.g., the target SPS resource) based on one or more of the following: the priority indicated in the SCI of the SPS grant of the target WTRU; the transmission opportunity of the SPS grant of the target WTRU (e.g., relative to the delay requirements of the data to be transmitted); a measured Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) of the PSCCH carrying the SCI of the target WTRU; and/or a priority of the WTRU's packet.
  • an SPS resource e.g., the target SPS resource
  • RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
  • a WTRU may be configured with a sidelink SPS, which may support URLLC service pre-emption.
  • WTRUs configured with SL SPS resources may be configured to monitor the SCIs of URLLC WTRUs, which may be used to determine whether a pre-emption of the WTRU's SPS resource has occurred. Such monitoring may apply to certain WTRUs and/or certain transmissions.
  • WTRUs may be configured to monitor sidelink SPS resources that are used for transmissions of data with a priority below a particular threshold.
  • the monitoring of SCIs of URLLC WTRUs may apply to a subset of resources in a resource pool (e.g., a WTRU may monitor SCIs for preemption for SCI corresponding to a subset of resources in a RP).
  • WTRUs configured with a sidelink SPS resource may monitor for a special or particular SCI.
  • the special or particular SCI may include a pre-emption indication.
  • WTRUs configured with a sidelink SPS resources may not monitor for sidelink grants but rather may monitor for SCI with the pre-emption indication.
  • the resource allocation of a PSCCH carrying the special SCI may be determined based on the RP (re)configuration.
  • a WTRU may perform resource reselection. For example, a WTRU performing transmissions using mode 4 forward booking may perform resource reelection. For example, the WTRU may perform resource reselection upon detection of a pre-emption indication by another WTRU. The WTRU may continue to use the reselection resource and/or may perform blanking of the symbols associated with the pre-empted transmission ⁇ e.g., assuming the pre-empted transmission uses a URLLC format SCI and PSSCH).
  • a WTRU may be configured with an SCI transmission format and/or PSSCH format. The SCI transmission format and PSSCH format may be used for transmission (e.g., in a resource pre-empted with a URLLC transmission). For example, when pre-emption by URLLC has occurred, the WTRU may utilize the SCI transmission format and the PSSCH format on its pre-booked resource.
  • a WTRU operating a URLLC service may use the UL resources of other WTRUs for transmission.
  • a WTRU may be configured to pre-empt an UL transmission of other WTRUs, which may allow the WTRU to transmit a sidelink packet.
  • the WTRU may be configured with uplink resources that may be used for pre-emption.
  • the WTRU may be configured with one or more resources, which may be used to transmit a pre-emption indication (e.g., to the network). Such pre-emption indication may be transmitted prior to pre-empting an UL transmission of another WTRU.
  • the network may transmit a message/signal (e.g., a "shut-up” or “stop transmission” message/signal) to the pre-empted WTRU, (e.g., if the WTRU is granted with those resources).
  • the WTRU may send the pre-emption indication after pre-empting the UL resources (e.g., so that the network may perform rate matching around those UL resources).
  • a WTRU operating a URLLC service may use its configured/scheduled uplink grant for sidelink transmission.
  • a WTRU may be configured to use its configured/scheduled uplink grant for sidelink transmission to, for example, reduce latency, which may be caused, for example, by transmitting a Buffer Status Report (BSR) requesting a sidelink resource.
  • BSR Buffer Status Report
  • the WTRU may be configured/scheduled with an uplink grant, which may span one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., x OFDM symbols as shown in FIG. 6).
  • the WTRU may be configured to use the first y symbols to send a pre-emption indication to the gNB and use the remaining (x-y) symbols for sidelink transmission.
  • the pre-emption indication may carry rate matching information (e.g., a number/location of RBs and/or the symbols within the uplink grant used for sidelink transmission), which may allow the network to decode the multiplexed uplink transmission.
  • rate matching information e.g., a number/location of RBs and/or the symbols within the uplink grant used for sidelink transmission
  • a priority may be dynamically updated. For example, the priority of active pools may be dynamically updated.
  • a ProSe per packet priority (PPPP) associated with the pool may be updated.
  • a WTRU may dynamically and autonomously determine to activate and/or deactivate sidelink resource pools. For example, the WTRU may determine, based upon the characteristics of the data that it will be sending and/or receiving, to activate a resource pool suitable for transmitting and receiving the data. A WTRU may also determine to activate and/or deactivate sidelink resource in response to a received indication which may be a resource pool indication (RPI).
  • RPI resource pool indication
  • the RPI may be received from a network, which may be a RAN, and/or from another WTRU.
  • the RPI may be signaled explicitly and/or a WTRU may implicitly determine an indication based on one or more criteria.
  • the RPI may be explicitly indicated in downlink control information (DCI), which the WTRU may monitor for on one or more downlink channels ⁇ e.g., downlink control channels).
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the indication may be implicitly indicated based on one or more of the following: a group common physical downlink control channel (PDCCFI) carrying a slot format indicator (SFI), a dynamic change in beam configuration, and/or a dynamic bandwidth part activation/deactivation.
  • PDCCFI group common physical downlink control channel
  • SFI slot format indicator
  • dynamic change in beam configuration e.g., a dynamic bandwidth part activation/deactivation.
  • V2X messages transmission/reception of other types of data rather than, or in addition to, V2X messages.
  • the techniques described herein may be applied independently and/or used in combination with other resource configuration techniques.
  • the entities performing the processes described herein may be logical entities that may be implemented in the form of software (/.e., computer-executable instructions) stored in a memory of, and executing on a processor of, a mobile device, network node or computer system. That is, the method(s) may be implemented in the form of software (/.e., computer-executable instructions) stored in a memory of a mobile device and/or network node, such as the node or computer system, which computer executable instructions, when executed by a processor of the node, perform the processes discussed. It is also understood that any transmitting and receiving processes illustrated in FIGs may be performed by communication circuitry of the node under control of the processor of the node and the computer-executable instructions ⁇ e.g., software) that it executes.
  • the computing device generally includes a processor, a storage medium readable by the processor (including volatile and non-volatile memory and/or storage elements), at least one input device, and at least one output device.
  • One or more programs that may implement or utilize the processes described in connection with the subject matter described herein, e.g., through the use of an API, reusable controls, or the like.
  • Such programs are preferably implemented in a high level procedural or object oriented programming language to communicate with a computer system.
  • the program(s) can be implemented in assembly or machine language, if desired.
  • the language may be a compiled or interpreted language, and combined with hardware implementations.
  • example embodiments may refer to utilizing aspects of the subject matter described herein in the context of one or more stand-alone computing systems, the subject matter described herein is not so limited, but rather may be implemented in connection with any computing environment, such as a network or distributed computing environment. Still further, aspects of the subject matter described herein may be implemented in or across a plurality of processing chips or devices, and storage may similarly be affected across a plurality of devices. Such devices might include personal computers, network servers, handheld devices, supercomputers, or computers integrated into other systems such as automobiles and airplanes.
  • Examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a register, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and digital versatile disks (DVDs).
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • register cache memory
  • semiconductor memory devices magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and digital versatile disks (DVDs).
  • a processor in association with software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for use in a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host computer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un traitement d'activation et de désactivation de groupes de ressources de liaison latérale. Une WTRU peut être configurée avec une pluralité de groupes de ressources de liaison latérale et peut activer un ou plusieurs groupes de ressources à utiliser pour communiquer avec d'autres WTRU. La WTRU peut déterminer de manière autonome et dynamique quels groupes de ressources activer et désactiver. Par exemple, la WTRU peut, sur la base des caractéristiques des données qu'elle enverra et/ou recevra, déterminer d'activer un groupe de ressources approprié pour transmettre et recevoir les données. La WTRU peut, sur la base d'indications qu'elle reçoit d'une autre WTRU, déterminer d'activer un groupe de ressources compatible avec celui utilisé par l'autre WTRU. La WTRU peut, sur la base d'instructions et/ou de communications qu'elle reçoit d'un réseau d'accès radio, déterminer d'activer un groupe de ressources particulier.
PCT/US2019/017431 2018-02-13 2019-02-11 Activation de groupes de ressources de liaison latérale Ceased WO2019160788A1 (fr)

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US201862652016P 2018-04-03 2018-04-03
US62/652,016 2018-04-03
US201862735237P 2018-09-24 2018-09-24
US62/735,237 2018-09-24

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US20210058938A1 (en) * 2019-08-20 2021-02-25 Qualcomm Incorporated Preemption indication and power control for sidelink
WO2021040909A1 (fr) * 2019-08-23 2021-03-04 Qualcomm Incorporated Autorisations configurées pour communications de liaison latérale
CN112469124A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2021-03-09 上海朗帛通信技术有限公司 一种被用于无线通信的节点中的方法和装置
CN112543512A (zh) * 2019-09-23 2021-03-23 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 一种直接通信建立方法、用户设备和会话管理功能实体
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WO2021087807A1 (fr) * 2019-11-06 2021-05-14 Lenovo (Beijing) Limited Procédé et appareil de préemption de ressource
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EP3857776A1 (fr) * 2018-09-25 2021-08-04 FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Communication de liaison latérale flexible
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WO2021217557A1 (fr) * 2020-04-30 2021-11-04 Qualcomm Incorporated Liaison latérale autonome pour l'internet des objets industriels (iiot)
CN113645680A (zh) * 2020-04-27 2021-11-12 华为技术有限公司 一种确定侧行链路资源的方法、装置以及系统
WO2021251724A1 (fr) * 2020-06-08 2021-12-16 엘지전자 주식회사 Procédé et dispositif de sélection de ressource d'émission/réception dans un système de communication sans fil
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US20220200774A1 (en) * 2020-12-18 2022-06-23 Qualcomm Incorporated Sidelink resource pool activation and deactivation for power savings
WO2022159258A1 (fr) * 2021-01-19 2022-07-28 Qualcomm Incorporated Signalisation de commande de liaison latérale (sl) améliorée avec duplexage par répartition dans le temps (tdd)
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CN115066030A (zh) * 2020-02-07 2022-09-16 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 一种选取资源的方法及装置、终端设备
JP2022547957A (ja) * 2019-09-12 2022-11-16 クアルコム，インコーポレイテッド サイドリンクワイヤレス通信における効率を改善するための技法
US20220377668A1 (en) * 2021-05-18 2022-11-24 Qualcomm Incorporated Signal monitoring during discontinuous reception
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WO2023015091A1 (fr) * 2021-08-02 2023-02-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Techniques de configuration de ressources de liaison latérale supplémentaires en mode duplex intégral
CN115915292A (zh) * 2021-08-03 2023-04-04 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 一种资源池选择方法、装置和终端
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US12047937B2 (en) * 2018-07-19 2024-07-23 Ntt Docomo, Inc. User device and base station device
US20210307032A1 (en) * 2018-07-19 2021-09-30 Ntt Docomo, Inc. User device and base station device
EP3857776A1 (fr) * 2018-09-25 2021-08-04 FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Communication de liaison latérale flexible
US20210400663A1 (en) * 2019-01-11 2021-12-23 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for performing bwp-based sidelink communication in nr v2x
US11991723B2 (en) * 2019-01-11 2024-05-21 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for performing BWP-based sidelink communication in NR V2X
US20220264531A1 (en) * 2019-08-08 2022-08-18 Zte Corporation Feedback channel allocation and transmission method and device
US12446003B2 (en) * 2019-08-09 2025-10-14 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and device for configuring location of switching time
US20220295451A1 (en) * 2019-08-09 2022-09-15 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and communication device for switching bwp for sidelink communication
US11570826B2 (en) * 2019-08-12 2023-01-31 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Method and device for establishing session
US11627585B2 (en) * 2019-08-20 2023-04-11 Qualcomm Incorporated Preemption indication and power control for sidelink
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WO2021040909A1 (fr) * 2019-08-23 2021-03-04 Qualcomm Incorporated Autorisations configurées pour communications de liaison latérale
US11452074B2 (en) 2019-09-06 2022-09-20 Shanghai Langbo Communication Technology Company Limited Method and device used in node for wireless communication
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JP2022547957A (ja) * 2019-09-12 2022-11-16 クアルコム，インコーポレイテッド サイドリンクワイヤレス通信における効率を改善するための技法
US12414158B2 (en) 2019-09-12 2025-09-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Techniques for improving efficiency in sidelink wireless communications
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WO2021087807A1 (fr) * 2019-11-06 2021-05-14 Lenovo (Beijing) Limited Procédé et appareil de préemption de ressource
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US11570797B2 (en) 2019-11-11 2023-01-31 Asustek Computer Inc. Method and apparatus of handling multiple device-to-device resources in a wireless communication system
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US20220070850A1 (en) * 2020-09-03 2022-03-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Signaling an indication of a sidelink transmission
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US11589338B2 (en) 2021-01-19 2023-02-21 Qualcomm Incorporated Enhanced sidelink (SL) control signaling with time division duplexing (TDD)
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US12096361B2 (en) * 2021-05-18 2024-09-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Signal monitoring during discontinuous reception
US20220377668A1 (en) * 2021-05-18 2022-11-24 Qualcomm Incorporated Signal monitoring during discontinuous reception
WO2023015091A1 (fr) * 2021-08-02 2023-02-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Techniques de configuration de ressources de liaison latérale supplémentaires en mode duplex intégral
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WO2023072258A1 (fr) * 2021-10-28 2023-05-04 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Procédé et appareil d'agrégation de porteuses
WO2023106067A1 (fr) * 2021-12-10 2023-06-15 ソニーグループ株式会社 Procédé de communication, dispositif de communication et système de communication
WO2023151001A1 (fr) * 2022-02-11 2023-08-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Entraînement de surface reconfigurable pour liaison latérale
WO2024064488A1 (fr) * 2022-09-23 2024-03-28 Qualcomm Incorporated Prise en charge de transmissions à faible latence dans une liaison latérale
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