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WO2019151181A1 - Appareil de stimulation de sensation cutanée et méthode de mesure de seuil sensoriel - Google Patents

Appareil de stimulation de sensation cutanée et méthode de mesure de seuil sensoriel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019151181A1
WO2019151181A1 PCT/JP2019/002732 JP2019002732W WO2019151181A1 WO 2019151181 A1 WO2019151181 A1 WO 2019151181A1 JP 2019002732 W JP2019002732 W JP 2019002732W WO 2019151181 A1 WO2019151181 A1 WO 2019151181A1
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Prior art keywords
temperature
stimulation
stimulation surface
sensation
subject
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一之 小田
尚省 岡
寛英 新里
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Intercross Corp
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Intercross Corp
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Instruments for taking body samples for diagnostic purposes; Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. for vaccination diagnosis, sex determination or ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/01—Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a skin sensory stimulation device and a sensory threshold measurement method for stimulating warm, cold, and painful sensations by changing the temperature of a stimulation surface in contact with the skin.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses that in a thermal sensation testing apparatus that inspects thermal sensation by contacting a human skin surface, the skin temperature and the temperature applied to the skin can be measured with one temperature sensor, and the measured skin temperature is measured.
  • the structure which sets the temperature which should be given in consideration of, and implements a thermal sensation test is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a state in which the stimulation surface of the temperature stimulation unit is arranged to face the subject's skin surface and from when the temperature stimulation by the temperature stimulation unit is started to when the subject becomes aware of warm or cold sensation.
  • a configuration is disclosed in which a heat amount threshold value, which is a heat amount per unit area obtained based on the heat flux and temperature change with time, is used as an evaluation value of the temperature sense.
  • patent document 3 is disclosing the structure which judges the presence or absence of central sensitization from the residual time of the residual sensation after completion
  • Non-Patent Document 1 raises the temperature from a specific temperature, and after a temperature test in which the measurement of the temperature at which the subject is aware of the temperature sensation is repeated a plurality of times, the temperature is lowered from the specific temperature, The structure which performs the cold sense test
  • JP2015-159898A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-179591 International Publication No. 2013/125518
  • the temperature of an endothermic body that gives thermal stimulation to the skin (for example, skin temperature + 5 ° C.) is adjusted using the same temperature sensor. During this temperature adjustment, the test probe needs to be separated from the skin of the subject so that thermal stimulation is not applied to the test site of the subject.
  • the skin temperature may fluctuate during the waiting time during the temperature adjustment of the heat-absorbing / heating element.
  • the waiting time increases, so the possibility that the skin temperature fluctuates further increases.
  • the skin temperature after the fluctuation can be obtained by re-measurement. However, if the skin temperature is measured every time the temperature difference between the skin temperature and the temperature of the heat-absorbing and heating element is changed and further re-measurement is required, the inspection time will be significantly increased.
  • the skin temperature and the temperature of the heat-absorbing / heating element must be matched in advance.
  • Such temperature adjustment needs to be performed in a state where the test site of the subject is in contact with the thermal stimulus generation site of the thermal sensation testing apparatus.
  • a relatively large overshoot occurs in the temperature of the heat-absorbing / heating element in the temperature adjustment based on the measurement result of the temperature sensor. Therefore, heat transfer occurs between the test site of the subject and the heat absorption / exothermic body, and the skin temperature may fluctuate during the temperature adjustment. Therefore, a problem similar to the above problem occurs.
  • Patent Documents 2 and 3 propose new evaluation values, and it is difficult to apply them as they are to the skin sensation test that uses temperature as an evaluation value.
  • the present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described conventional circumstances, and in skin sensation inspection using temperature as an evaluation value, skin capable of realizing a quantitative and more reproducible inspection in a shorter time.
  • An object is to provide a sensory stimulation device and a sensory threshold measurement method.
  • the present invention is premised on a skin sensation stimulation apparatus that applies thermal stimulation to an examination site on the skin surface of a subject.
  • the skin sensation stimulation device includes a stimulation surface, a heat flow sensor, a temperature adjustment element, a reference adjustment unit, and an examination execution unit.
  • the stimulation surface is disposed to face the examination site and applies thermal stimulation to the examination site.
  • the heat flow sensor detects the heat flux passing through the stimulation surface.
  • the temperature adjustment element increases or decreases the temperature of the stimulation surface.
  • the reference adjustment unit matches the temperature of the stimulation surface and the temperature of the examination site by controlling the temperature adjustment element so that the heat flux detected by the heat flow sensor is within a range specified in advance.
  • the examination execution unit raises or lowers the temperature of the stimulation surface by controlling the temperature adjustment element from a state in which the temperature of the stimulation surface and the temperature of the examination site coincide with each other by the reference adjustment unit.
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface and the temperature of the examination site are made the same based on the heat flux detected by the heat flow sensor.
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface and the temperature of the examination site can be matched with high accuracy in a short time. As a result, quantitative and more reproducible inspection can be realized in a shorter time.
  • the skin sensation stimulating apparatus further includes an input unit for inputting that the subject is aware of warm sensation, cold sensation, or pain sensation, and the inspection execution unit determines whether the temperature of the stimulation surface and the temperature of the inspection site are detected by the reference adjustment unit.
  • a configuration is adopted in which the temperature of the stimulation surface is increased or decreased by controlling the temperature adjustment element from the coincidence state, and then the temperature increase and decrease of the stimulation surface are switched each time an input is made by the subject through the input unit. be able to.
  • the reference adjustment unit controls the temperature adjustment element so that the heat flux detected by the heat flow sensor is within a pre-specified range. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the temperature of the examination site is matched.
  • the apparatus further includes a temperature acquisition unit that acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface, and the inspection execution unit is designated in advance by the reference adjustment unit with respect to the temperature of the stimulation surface in a state where the temperature of the stimulation surface matches the temperature of the inspection site. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the temperature of the stimulation surface is increased or decreased to the temperature obtained by adding the temperature difference.
  • the skin sensory stimulation device described above includes a temperature acquisition unit that acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface, the temperature of the stimulation surface when the subject is aware of warm sensation, cold sensation, or pain sensation, and the reference adjustment unit.
  • the difference between the temperature of the stimulation surface when the temperature and the temperature of the examination site match, or the temperature of the stimulation surface when the subject is aware of pain sensation and the stimulation surface when the subject is aware of warm or cold sensation It is also possible to employ a configuration further including a calculation unit that calculates a difference from the temperature as a sensory threshold value. It is also possible range of predesignated heat flux described above to employ a configuration is -50 W / m 2 or more and + 50 W / m 2 or less.
  • the present invention can also provide a method for measuring a sensory threshold when a thermal stimulus is applied to an examination site on the skin surface of a subject. That is, in the sensory threshold value measuring method according to the present invention, first, the heat flux detected by the heat flow sensor that detects the heat flux that passes through the stimulation surface that applies the thermal stimulus to the examination site is within a predetermined range. By controlling the temperature adjusting element that raises or lowers the temperature of the stimulation surface according to the state, the temperature of the stimulation surface matches the temperature of the examination site. Next, the temperature of the stimulation surface is raised or lowered by controlling the temperature adjustment element from the state where the temperature of the stimulation surface and the temperature of the examination site match.
  • a difference between the temperature of the stimulation surface when the subject is aware of warm sensation, cold sensation, or pain sensation, and the temperature of the stimulation surface in a state where the temperature of the stimulation surface and the temperature of the examination site match A difference between the temperature of the stimulation surface at the time when the pain sensation is recognized and the temperature of the stimulation surface at the time when the subject is aware of the warm sensation or the cold sensation is calculated as a sensory threshold value.
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface and the temperature of the examination site can be matched with high accuracy in a short time. As a result, quantitative and more reproducible inspection can be realized in a shorter time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration of a skin sensation stimulating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A to FIG. 2D are schematic views illustrating thermal stimulation in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a sensory threshold measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating thermal stimulation in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a sensory threshold measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a comparative example of a sensory threshold value measurement method and a measurement method using a temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating thermal stimulation in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of a sensory threshold measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration of a skin sensation stimulating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Skin sensation stimulating apparatus 100 of the present embodiment applies thermal stimulation to an inspection site (hereinafter also simply referred to as an inspection site) on the skin surface of a subject.
  • an inspection site hereinafter also simply referred to as an inspection site
  • warm sensation, cold sensation, and pain sensation are evaluated.
  • a thermal stimulus having a temperature higher than the skin temperature is applied to the examination site, and a threshold value at which the subject is aware of the sense of warmth is acquired.
  • a thermal stimulus having a temperature lower than the skin temperature is applied to the examination site, and a threshold at which the subject is aware of cold sensation is acquired.
  • the subject becomes aware of the pain sensation To come.
  • pain sensation can be evaluated by acquiring a threshold value at which the subject is aware of warm sensation.
  • the pain on the warm side is related to slow pain transmitted through the C fiber
  • the pain on the cold side is related to fast pain transmitted through the A ⁇ fiber.
  • the skin sensation stimulating device 100 of this embodiment includes a probe 10 and a main body 20.
  • the probe 10 includes a heat flow sensor 11, a temperature adjustment element 12, and a cooling unit 13.
  • the temperature adjustment element 12 is configured by a Peltier element.
  • the cooling unit 13 is disposed in contact with the first surface of the Peltier element, and the heat flow sensor 11 is disposed in contact with the second surface of the Peltier element.
  • the cooling unit 13 may be configured to absorb the heat when the first surface is in a heat generating state, and the configuration of the cooling unit 13 is not particularly limited. For example, an air-cooled heat sink or a water-cooled heat sink is used. be able to.
  • the heat flow sensor 11 has a flat plate shape and detects the size of the heat flux passing through the thickness direction.
  • the surface opposite to the contact surface of the temperature adjusting element 12 constitutes the stimulation surface 11a. Therefore, the heat flow sensor 11 detects the heat flux passing through the stimulation surface 11a.
  • the thickness of the heat flow sensor 11 is about 0.4 mm.
  • the stimulation surface 11a is disposed in a state of facing the inspection part and in contact with the inspection part.
  • the second surface of the Peltier element which is the temperature adjusting element 12
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a rises and thermal stimulation is applied to the examination site.
  • the 2nd surface of a Peltier device is made into an endothermic state, the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a will fall and a cold stimulation will be provided to a test
  • the probe 10 of the present embodiment is installed on a table or the like with the stimulation surface 11a facing upward.
  • thermal stimulation is applied in a state where an examination site such as a fingertip of the subject is in contact with the stimulation surface 11a.
  • the test subject's fingertip is shown with the broken line as the test
  • the main body 20 includes a heat flow acquisition unit 21, a temperature acquisition unit 22, a temperature control unit 23, an input unit 24, and a calculation unit 25.
  • the heat flow acquisition unit 21 acquires the size of the heat flux passing through the stimulation surface based on the output value of the heat flow sensor 11.
  • the temperature acquisition unit 22 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a. In the present embodiment, the temperature acquisition unit 22 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a by the temperature sensor 14 disposed in the center of the second surface of the Peltier element in plan view.
  • the temperature control unit 23 includes a reference adjustment unit 23a, an inspection execution unit 23b, and a power supply unit 23c.
  • the reference adjustment unit 23a controls the temperature adjustment element 12 so that the magnitude of the heat flux detected by the heat flow sensor 11 falls within a range specified in advance, whereby the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a and the temperature of the examination site are determined. To match.
  • the reference adjustment unit 23a acquires the size of the heat flux from the heat flow acquisition unit 21.
  • pre-specified range of heat flux above is -50 W / m 2 or more and + 50 W / m 2 or less. Outside the range, as described later, the subjective skin temperature and the subjective heat flux cannot be stably measured, which is not preferable.
  • the direction in which heat flows from the examination site to the stimulation surface is positive.
  • the reference adjusting unit 23 a adjusts the amount of heat generated or absorbed by the temperature adjusting element 12 by adjusting the energization amount of the power supply unit 23 c that supplies operating power to the temperature adjusting element 12. To match the temperature.
  • the examination execution unit 23b raises or lowers the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a by controlling the temperature adjustment element 12 from a state in which the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a and the temperature of the examination site coincide with each other by the reference adjustment unit 23a. Similarly to the reference adjustment unit 23a, the inspection execution unit 23b also adjusts the amount of heat generation or heat absorption of the temperature adjustment element 12 by adjusting the energization amount of the power supply unit 23c, and increases or decreases the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a.
  • the input unit 24 is used to input that the subject is aware of warm sensation, cold sensation, or pain sensation.
  • the input unit 24 is configured by a pushbutton switch. When the subject presses the push button to switch the switch from the off state to the on state, the fact that he / she has sensed warm sensation, cold sensation, or pain sensation is input.
  • the calculation unit 25 calculates a sensory threshold value that is an evaluation value of the skin sensation.
  • the sensory threshold includes a warm threshold, a cold threshold, and a pain threshold.
  • the warmth threshold is a value that quantitatively indicates that the subject is aware of warmth.
  • the cold threshold value is a value that quantitatively indicates that the subject is aware of cold sensation.
  • the pain sensation threshold is a value that quantitatively indicates that the subject has noticed pain sensation.
  • the calculation unit 25 matches the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a at the time when the subject is aware of warm sensation, cold sensation, or pain sensation, and the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a and the temperature of the examination site by the reference adjustment unit 23a. The difference with the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a in the performed state is calculated as a sensory threshold value.
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a in a state in which the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a matches the temperature of the examination site by the reference adjustment unit 23a is appropriately referred to as a base temperature.
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a is acquired.
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a and the temperature of the examination site coincide with each other, the temperature of the examination site is substantially acquired.
  • FIG. 4 are schematic views illustrating thermal stimulation output by the skin sensation stimulating device 100.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the sensory threshold measurement method. The flow proceeds as a trigger when a test start instruction is input to the main body 20 through a test start button (not shown) in a state where the test site of the subject is in contact with the stimulation surface 11a.
  • the reference adjusting unit 23a matches the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a with the temperature of the inspection site (No in step S301 in FIG. 3). For example, when the magnitude of the heat flux acquired by the heat flow acquisition unit 21 is a positive value, the temperature of the examination site is higher than the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a. Therefore, the reference adjustment unit 23a increases the amount of heat generated on the second surface of the Peltier element by adjusting the amount of current supplied by the power supply unit 23c to the Peltier element that is the temperature adjustment element 12. Thereby, the magnitude
  • the reference adjustment unit 23a adjusts the energization amount to the Peltier element to generate the amount of heat generated on the second surface of the Peltier element. Increase.
  • the heat flow acquisition unit 21 matches the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a with the temperature of the examination site.
  • the range of heat flux that is detected by the heat flow sensor 11 is designated in advance (here, -50 W / m 2 or more and + 50 W / m 2 or less) there become a state In other words, it is defined that the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a matches the temperature of the examination site.
  • the reference adjustment unit 23a notifies the inspection execution unit 23b and the calculation unit 25 that the process is completed (step S301 Yes in FIG. 3).
  • the arithmetic unit 25 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a as a base temperature T 0 through temperature acquiring unit 22.
  • various processes necessary for temperature adjustment based on the temperature sensor process for converting the detected value to temperature, converted temperature and previously acquired skin
  • Temperature comparison and temperature determination processing is not necessary, and there is no need to wait until the temperature measurement position is in thermal equilibrium. Converge in a short time.
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a is matched with the temperature of the examination site in a short time and with high accuracy. be able to.
  • the examination execution unit 23b to which the above notification is input from the reference adjustment unit 23a increases the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a (step S302 in FIG. 3).
  • the subject becomes aware of the temperature sensation in the process of increasing the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a
  • the subject notifies the main body 20 of the sense of temperature sensation through the input unit 24 (steps S303 No and S303 Yes in FIG. 3).
  • the rate of change in temperature when the temperature rises can be, for example, within a range of 0.1 to 10 degrees per second (for example, 0.3 degrees per second).
  • the calculation unit 25 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11 a through the temperature acquisition unit 22. Then, the arithmetic unit 25, and the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a at the time the subject was aware of warmth (here, Warm threshold) difference sensory threshold and base temperature T 0 of the above is calculated as ( Figure 3 step S304).
  • the calculation unit 25 outputs the sensory threshold value calculated by, for example, displaying on a display unit (not shown) or transmitting data to a portable storage medium such as a USB memory through a USB (Universal Serial Bus) port (not shown). Further, when the awareness of the temperature sensation is notified, the examination execution unit 23b stops the supply of power to the temperature adjustment element 12.
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a and the temperature of the examination site are matched.
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface and the temperature of the examination site can be matched with high accuracy in a short time. As a result, quantitative and more reproducible inspection can be realized in a shorter time.
  • Table 1 shows the results of changing the magnitude of the heat flux detected by the heat flow sensor 11 when starting the thermal stimulation application and measuring the temperature threshold value for each.
  • the setting value (heat flux condition) of the size of heat flux when starting thermal stimulation application, the skin temperature (starting skin temperature) when applying thermal stimulation, and the application of thermal stimulation are started.
  • the test execution unit 23b obtains the pain threshold value by configuring the subject to notify the main body 20 of pain perception through the input unit 24 in the process of increasing the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a.
  • the arithmetic unit 25 subjects the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a at the time of conscious of pain, the difference sensation threshold of (in this case, the pain threshold) and base temperature T 0 of the above is calculated as.
  • Tables 2 and 3 show the results of measurement of the sensation threshold and the pain threshold.
  • thermal stimulation in which the temperature rises continuously is given to four subjects without sensory impairment.
  • Table 2 when the application of thermal stimulation is started, the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a is matched with the temperature of the examination site.
  • Table 3 when the application of thermal stimulation is started, the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a is set to a specific temperature (here, 30 ° C.).
  • the temperature of the test site (starting skin temperature) when applying thermal stimulation, the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a when detecting thermal sensation in the process of applying thermal stimulation (temperature consciousness temperature), and thermal stimulation 3 shows the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a (pain perception temperature), the difference between the temperature perception temperature and the start skin temperature, and the difference between the perception perception temperature and the start skin temperature, respectively.
  • the temperature (starting temperature) of the stimulation surface 11a at the start of applying the thermal stimulus, and the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a when the thermal sense is sensed in the process of applying the thermal stimulus (temperature consciousness temperature). The temperature of the stimulation surface 11a (pain perception temperature), the difference between the perception temperature and the start temperature, and the difference between the perception temperature and the start temperature, respectively, when the pain sensation is recognized in the process of applying thermal stimulation. .
  • the Warm threshold and pain threshold relative to the base temperature T 0 of the above show that it is possible to obtain a stable value with less variation among subjects.
  • the fact that the variation in the warmth threshold and the pain threshold is small means that each subject is aware of the applied thermal stimulus as a similar stimulus. Therefore, compared to setting a temperature difference based on a specific temperature as a thermal stimulus, a subject with no sensory impairment has a similar temperature when setting a temperature difference based on the starting skin temperature as a thermal stimulus. It can be said that a stimulus that is felt as a sensation stimulus or a pain sensation can be applied more stably.
  • the configuration is described in which the temperature of the examination site is matched with the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a, and then the thermal stimulation is applied in which the temperature continuously rises from the temperature of the examination site. It is also possible to apply a thermal stimulus in which the temperature continuously decreases from the temperature of the examination site as shown in FIG.
  • the test execution unit 23b notifies the main body 20 that the subject has sensed cold through the input unit 24 in the process of lowering the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a, whereby the cold threshold is set. It becomes possible to get.
  • the arithmetic unit 25 calculates the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a at the time the subject was aware of the cold sensation, the difference between the base temperature T 0 of the above as a cold sensation threshold.
  • the test execution unit 23b obtains a pain threshold by notifying the main body 20 that the subject has noticed pain through the input unit 24 in the process of lowering the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a. It becomes possible.
  • the calculation unit 25 calculates the difference between the above-described base temperature T 0 and the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a at the time when the subject senses pain as a pain threshold.
  • the temperature change rate per unit time of thermal stimulation in which the temperature continuously rises or falls is constant, but the temperature change rate per unit time increases with the elapsed time or unit time
  • a thermal stimulus in which the rate of change in temperature per hour decreases with time may be used.
  • the examination execution unit 23b does not perform thermal stimulation in which the temperature continuously rises or falls as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, but FIGS. 2C and 2D.
  • the thermal stimulation in which the temperature rises stepwise calculates, for example, a plurality of set temperatures obtained by sequentially adding a predetermined temperature difference with respect to the base temperature T 0 , and the temperature of the stimulation surface 11 a is determined for a predetermined time. This can be achieved by maintaining the calculated temperatures at intervals.
  • a plurality of set temperatures obtained by sequentially subtracting a temperature difference designated in advance from the base temperature T 0 are calculated, and the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a is calculated for a time designated in advance. This can be achieved by maintaining each calculated temperature at each temperature.
  • 2C and 2D show examples in which the temperature difference sequentially added or subtracted with respect to the base temperature T 0 is the same, but the temperature difference sequentially added or subtracted is different. May be. Further, a configuration in which addition and subtraction are mixed (that is, a configuration in which a temperature increase and a temperature decrease are mixed) may be employed. Similarly, FIGS.
  • 2C and 2D show examples in which the time for maintaining the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a at the calculated temperatures is the same, but the time for maintaining the temperature is different. May be.
  • a configuration in which the calculation unit 25 performs the calculation of the set temperature as described above may be employed.
  • the thermal stimulus as a temperature difference with reference to the base temperature T 0 , the stimulus that the subject feels to the same degree is more stably applied to the test site of each subject as described above. It becomes possible.
  • a sensory threshold is measured in a situation where a thermal stimulus with a continuously rising temperature and a thermal stimulus with a continuously decreasing temperature are repeatedly applied (that is, a warm threshold and a cold threshold).
  • a thermal stimulus with a continuously rising temperature and a thermal stimulus with a continuously decreasing temperature are repeatedly applied (that is, a warm threshold and a cold threshold).
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the sensory threshold measurement method. The flow proceeds as a trigger when a test start instruction is input to the main body 20 through a test start button (not shown) in a state where the test site of the subject is in contact with the stimulation surface 11a.
  • the reference adjusting unit 23a matches the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a with the temperature of the examination site by the above-described method (No in step S501 in FIG. 5).
  • the reference adjustment unit 23a notifies the inspection execution unit 23b and the calculation unit 25 (Yes in step S501).
  • the arithmetic unit 25 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a as a base temperature T 0 through temperature acquiring unit 22.
  • the examination execution unit 23b to which the above notification is input from the reference adjustment unit 23a increases the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a (step S502 in FIG. 5).
  • the subject becomes aware of warm sensation in the process of increasing the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a, the subject notifies the main body 20 that he / she has sensed warm sensation through the input unit 24 (No in steps S503 and S503 in FIG. 5).
  • the calculation unit 25 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11 a through the temperature acquisition unit 22. Then, the arithmetic unit 25 calculates the difference between the base temperatures T 0 temperature above the stimulation surface 11a at the time the subject was aware of Warm as Warm threshold (Fig. 5 step S504).
  • the examination execution unit 23b switches the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a from the temperature increase to the temperature decrease (No in steps S505 and S506 in FIG. 5).
  • the subject notifies the main body 20 of the sense of cold through the input unit 24 (No in steps S503 and S503 in FIG. 5).
  • the calculation unit 25 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11 a through the temperature acquisition unit 22. Then, the arithmetic unit 25 calculates the difference between the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a at which the base temperature T 0 and the subject described above is aware of cold sensation as cold sensation threshold (Fig. 5 step S504).
  • the examination execution unit 23b switches the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a from a temperature decrease to a temperature increase (No in steps S505 and S506 in FIG. 5).
  • the subject becomes aware of warm sensation in the process of increasing the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a, the subject notifies the main body 20 that he / she has sensed warm sensation through the input unit 24 (No in steps S503 and S503 in FIG. 5).
  • the calculation unit 25 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a through the temperature acquisition unit 22, and calculates the temperature threshold value as described above (step S504 in FIG. 5).
  • the inspection execution unit 23b performs switching between the continuous thermal increase thermal stimulation and the continuous thermal decrease thermal stimulation as described above a predetermined number of times. When the number of times of switching reaches the number of times designated in advance, the inspection execution unit 23b stops the power supply to the temperature adjustment element 12 (steps S505 and S506 in FIG. 5).
  • the examination execution unit 23b controls the temperature adjustment element 12 from the state in which the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a and the temperature of the examination site coincide with each other by the reference adjustment unit 23a. After raising or lowering, each time an input is made by the subject through the input unit 24, the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a is switched between increasing and decreasing. By such a series of thermal stimulations, it is possible to acquire a sensory threshold value in a state where the examination site is used to the thermal stimulation.
  • the measured warm threshold and cold threshold tend to vary widely (warm temperature).
  • the difference between the average value of the sensation threshold and the average value of the cold sensation threshold tends to increase).
  • the variation is large, the quantitative property is lowered, and the difference between the warm threshold and the cold threshold is increased, resulting in a longer examination time.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a comparative example of the sensory threshold measurement method and the measurement method using a temperature sensor in the present embodiment.
  • the horizontal axis corresponds to the elapsed time
  • the vertical axis corresponds to the temperature.
  • the sensory threshold measurement method in the present embodiment is indicated by a solid line
  • the measurement method using a temperature sensor is indicated by a broken line and a one-dot chain line.
  • the measurement of the warm threshold and the measurement of the cold threshold are repeated five times.
  • the temperature difference is increased. ing.
  • the variation of the sensory threshold perceived by the subject is larger than the sensory threshold measurement method in the present embodiment, and the examination time is longer than the sensory threshold measurement method in the present embodiment.
  • the sensory threshold value measurement method in the present embodiment has a shorter time for matching the temperature of the examination site and the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a than the measurement method using the temperature sensor, and the examination time itself. In addition, it can be said that stable measurement with little variation is possible.
  • the sensory threshold value is set in a situation where the thermal stimulation is continuously applied with the temperature rising a plurality of times, and then the thermal stimulation is continuously applied with the temperature decreasing a plurality of times.
  • a case where measurement is performed that is, a case where the cold threshold is continuously measured a plurality of times after the temperature threshold is continuously measured a plurality of times) will be described.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the sensory threshold measurement method. The flow proceeds as a trigger when a test start instruction is input to the main body 20 through a test start button (not shown) in a state where the test site of the subject is in contact with the stimulation surface 11a.
  • the reference adjusting unit 23a matches the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a with the temperature of the examination site by the above-described method (No in step S801 in FIG. 8).
  • the reference adjustment unit 23a notifies the inspection execution unit 23b and the calculation unit 25 (Yes in step S801 in FIG. 8).
  • the arithmetic unit 25 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a as a base temperature T 0 through temperature acquiring unit 22.
  • the examination execution unit 23b to which the above notification is input from the reference adjustment unit 23a increases the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a (step S802 in FIG. 8).
  • the subject When the subject becomes aware of the temperature sensation in the process of increasing the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a, the subject notifies the main body 20 of the sense of temperature sensation through the input unit 24 (No in steps S803 and S803 in FIG. 8).
  • the calculation unit 25 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11 a through the temperature acquisition unit 22. Then, the arithmetic unit 25 calculates the difference between the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a at the time the subject was aware of the warmth and base temperature T 0 of the above as Warm threshold (FIG. 8 step S804).
  • the examination execution unit 23b instructs the reference adjustment unit 23a to match the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a with the temperature of the examination site.
  • the reference adjusting unit 23a matches the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a with the temperature of the examination site by the above-described method (steps S805 No and S801 No in FIG. 8).
  • the reference adjustment unit 23a notifies the inspection execution unit 23b and the calculation unit 25 (Yes in step S801 in FIG. 8).
  • the arithmetic unit 25 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a as a new base temperature T 0 through temperature acquiring unit 22.
  • the examination execution unit 23b to which the above notification is input from the reference adjustment unit 23a increases the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a (step S802 in FIG. 8).
  • the subject when the subject is aware of the temperature sensation, the subject notifies the main body 20 of the sense of temperature sensation through the input unit 24 (No in steps S803 and S803 in FIG. 8).
  • the calculation unit 25 acquires the temperature of the stimulation surface 11 a through the temperature acquisition unit 22. Then, the arithmetic unit 25 calculates the difference between subjects and temperature stimuli surface 11a at the time of conscious of warmth as a new base temperature T 0 of the above as Warm threshold (FIG. 8 step S804).
  • the examination execution unit 23b performs the temperature threshold measurement as described above for the number of times designated in advance. When the number of times specified in advance is reached, the examination execution unit 23b performs the number of times specified in advance to measure the cold sensation threshold by the same method using the heat stimulation in which the temperature continuously decreases from the base temperature. Just implement. When the number of times designated in advance is reached, the power supply to the temperature adjustment element 12 is stopped (FIG. 8, step S805 Yes).
  • the reference adjustment unit 23a is configured so that the heat flux detected by the heat flow sensor 11 is within a predesignated range each time input by the subject is made through the input unit 24. 12 is made to match the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a with the temperature of the examination site. By such a series of thermal stimulation, it is possible to perform a test in which the warm threshold and the cold threshold are measured a plurality of times in a short time.
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a and the temperature of the examination site are made the same based on the heat flux detected by the heat flow sensor 11.
  • the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a and the temperature of the examination site can be matched with high accuracy in a short time. As a result, quantitative and more reproducible inspection can be realized in a shorter time.
  • the calculation unit 25 exemplifies a configuration in which the pain threshold is calculated based on the difference between the temperature of the stimulation surface when the subject is aware of pain and the base temperature T 0 , but the subject is aware of pain.
  • the difference between the temperature of the stimulation surface at the time of the stimulation and the temperature of the stimulation surface when the subject is aware of the warm or cold sensation may be calculated as the pain threshold. That is, under the situation where a thermal stimulus that continuously increases in temperature as shown in FIG. 2A is applied, even after the subject has notified the main body 20 of the sense of temperature through the input unit 24.
  • the temperature rise is continued, and the subject notifies the main body 20 of the pain perception through the input unit 24.
  • the calculating part 25 calculates the difference of the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a when a test subject is aware of pain sensation, and the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a when a test subject is aware of warm sense as a pain threshold value. According to such a configuration, the magnitude of a stimulus that feels pain can be quantitatively evaluated with respect to the slow pain transmitted through the C fiber based on a stimulus that can be perceived.
  • the calculating part 25 calculates the difference of the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a when a test subject is aware of pain sensation, and the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a when a test subject is aware of cold sensation as a pain threshold value. According to such a configuration, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the magnitude of a stimulus that feels pain on the basis of a stimulus that can be perceived with respect to fast pain transmitted through A ⁇ fibers.
  • providing the calculating part 25 is not essential.
  • it may be configured to output only the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a when the subject is aware of warm sensation, cold sensation, or pain sensation, and may be configured to separately perform a calculation for calculating a sensory threshold.
  • it is not essential to provide the input unit 24.
  • a display unit that displays the temperature of the stimulation surface 11a is provided on the main body 20, and when the subject is aware of warm sensation, cold sensation, or pain sensation, the temperature displayed on the display unit is determined by the tester ( It is possible to adopt a configuration in which an operator) records.
  • the test subject verbally answers the degree of warm sensation, cold sensation, or pain sensation You can also
  • the order of the steps can be changed as appropriate within the range where the equivalent action is achieved.
  • the sensory threshold value is calculated every time there is an input by the subject through the input unit.
  • the calculation for calculating the sensory threshold value is performed collectively at an arbitrary timing. Also good.
  • thermal stimulation profiles shown in FIGS. 4 and 7 are merely examples.
  • the respective profiles illustrated in FIGS. 2A to 2D are represented by the thermal stimulations shown in FIGS. It is also possible to use as a profile.
  • a quantitative and more reproducible test can be realized in a shorter time, which is useful as a skin sensory stimulation device and a sensory threshold measurement method.

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Abstract

Un appareil de stimulation de sensation cutanée selon la présente invention comprend : une sonde ; un capteur de flux de chaleur ; un élément de réglage de température ; une unité de réglage de référence ; et une unité d'exécution d'examen. La sonde est disposée face à un site d'examen et présente une surface de stimulation qui stimule thermiquement le site d'examen. Le capteur de flux de chaleur détecte le flux de chaleur qui passe à travers la surface de stimulation. L'élément de réglage de température augmente et abaisse la température de la surface de stimulation. L'unité de réglage de référence égalise la température de la surface de stimulation et la température du site d'examen par contrôle de l'élément de réglage de température de telle sorte que le flux de chaleur détecté par le capteur de flux de chaleur se trouve dans une plage prédéfinie. L'unité d'exécution d'examen contrôle l'élément de réglage de température pour élever ou abaisser la température de la surface de stimulation à partir d'un état dans lequel la température de la surface de stimulation et la température du site d'examen sont égalisées par l'unité de réglage de référence.
PCT/JP2019/002732 2018-01-31 2019-01-28 Appareil de stimulation de sensation cutanée et méthode de mesure de seuil sensoriel Ceased WO2019151181A1 (fr)

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JP2018061722A JP6360636B1 (ja) 2018-01-31 2018-03-28 皮膚感覚刺激装置及び感覚閾値の計測方法

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Cited By (1)

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JPWO2023223920A1 (fr) * 2022-05-16 2023-11-23

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6539394B1 (ja) * 2018-08-07 2019-07-03 インタークロス株式会社 温度刺激装置及び感覚閾値の計測方法
JP7222768B2 (ja) 2019-03-20 2023-02-15 株式会社豊田中央研究所 温感装置
JP7181564B1 (ja) 2021-08-24 2022-12-01 インタークロス株式会社 温度刺激装置および温度刺激方法

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JPS5066987A (fr) * 1973-10-18 1975-06-05
JPH05309095A (ja) * 1992-05-13 1993-11-22 Iiosu:Kk 温度覚刺激装置
JPH10179591A (ja) * 1996-10-29 1998-07-07 Kyoto Electron Mfg Co Ltd 温度覚評価の測定方法及び装置
WO1999063888A1 (fr) * 1998-06-11 1999-12-16 Bo Johansson Dispositif de mesure de la perception thermique dans des cavites du corps

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5066987A (fr) * 1973-10-18 1975-06-05
JPH05309095A (ja) * 1992-05-13 1993-11-22 Iiosu:Kk 温度覚刺激装置
JPH10179591A (ja) * 1996-10-29 1998-07-07 Kyoto Electron Mfg Co Ltd 温度覚評価の測定方法及び装置
WO1999063888A1 (fr) * 1998-06-11 1999-12-16 Bo Johansson Dispositif de mesure de la perception thermique dans des cavites du corps

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPWO2023223920A1 (fr) * 2022-05-16 2023-11-23
JP7768606B2 (ja) 2022-05-16 2025-11-12 国立研究開発法人物質・材料研究機構 熱流センサ付きペルチェ素子

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