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WO2019037113A1 - 终端设备及其电池安全监控方法和监控系统 - Google Patents

终端设备及其电池安全监控方法和监控系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019037113A1
WO2019037113A1 PCT/CN2017/099131 CN2017099131W WO2019037113A1 WO 2019037113 A1 WO2019037113 A1 WO 2019037113A1 CN 2017099131 W CN2017099131 W CN 2017099131W WO 2019037113 A1 WO2019037113 A1 WO 2019037113A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
terminal device
voltage
capacity
charged
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/099131
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈伟
胡智画
张辉
张加亮
陈社彪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Yun Zhong Fei Network Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Yun Zhong Fei Network Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Yun Zhong Fei Network Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Yun Zhong Fei Network Technology Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2017/099131 priority Critical patent/WO2019037113A1/zh
Priority to CN201780051136.7A priority patent/CN109716579B/zh
Priority to KR1020197035302A priority patent/KR102301102B1/ko
Priority to JP2019568182A priority patent/JP6938687B2/ja
Priority to EP17922507.3A priority patent/EP3657591B1/en
Publication of WO2019037113A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019037113A1/zh
Priority to US16/372,795 priority patent/US11522357B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
    • G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
    • G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4264—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing with capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H04M1/0262—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components for a battery compartment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of terminal equipment technologies, and in particular, to a battery safety monitoring method for a terminal device, a battery safety monitoring system for the terminal device, and a terminal device having the battery safety monitoring system.
  • the battery is the source of power for the terminal device, providing long-term stable power supply for mobile terminals such as mobile phones.
  • the earliest batteries used in mobile terminals are nickel-chromium batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries, but with the increase of the screen of mobile terminals and the enhancement of functions, the capacity of nickel-chromium batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries cannot meet the energy demand, and lithium-ion batteries Because of its many advantages, such as high energy density, it can be made lighter and larger in capacity, faster in charge and discharge, and has no memory effect and environmental elements compared with nickel-chromium or nickel-hydrogen batteries. The damage is also minimal, so it has gradually replaced the traditional nickel-chromium battery and nickel-hydrogen battery.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the above-mentioned techniques to some extent.
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide a battery safety monitoring method for a terminal device, which is to monitor whether the battery has a safety hazard condition by monitoring the state information of the battery throughout the life cycle, thereby presenting a safety hazard in the triggered battery. Safety protection during conditions to avoid safety accidents caused by battery safety hazards.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a battery safety monitoring system for a terminal device.
  • a fourth object of the present invention is to provide a terminal device.
  • a battery safety monitoring method for a terminal device includes the following steps: acquiring battery state information of the terminal device, where the battery state information includes the terminal device Power-off information when the battery connector is disconnected from the main board, the battery voltage is abrupt and the temperature is abnormal on the surface of the battery, the duration of the constant-voltage charging phase when the battery is charging, the capacity change information when the battery is charged and discharged, and the battery charging At least two of the completed voltage drop rates; determining, according to the battery state information of the terminal device, whether the terminal device meets a preset battery presence safety hazard condition; if satisfied, controlling the terminal device to be in a shutdown state or Turn off the battery power circuit.
  • the battery safety monitoring method of the terminal device determines whether the terminal device meets the preset battery safety hazard condition by acquiring the battery state information of the terminal device, so as to monitor whether the battery triggers the battery safety during the entire life cycle. Hidden conditions, and effective safety protection when triggering battery safety hazard conditions, to avoid safety accidents caused by battery safety hazards, greatly improving the safety of terminal equipment.
  • the battery safety monitoring method of the terminal device according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
  • the preset battery has a security risk condition including any two of the following:
  • the battery has a sudden voltage change and there is a temperature abnormality on the surface of the battery
  • the voltage drop rate after the battery is charged is greater than or equal to the preset rate.
  • a charging current and a charging voltage of the battery are limited during charging of the battery, and the terminal device is controlled to emit a battery.
  • Abnormal reminder information :
  • the battery has a sudden voltage change and there is a temperature abnormality on the surface of the battery
  • the voltage drop rate after the battery is charged is greater than or equal to the preset rate.
  • the battery connector of the terminal device when disconnected from the main board, generating power-off status bit information, and using the power-off status bit information as the power-off information, wherein If the power-off status bit information is not reset or is not marked, it is determined that the disconnection between the battery connector and the motherboard is a private disconnection.
  • the battery surface is divided into multiple areas.
  • obtaining a difference in charge and discharge capacity includes: acquiring a charging capacity when the battery is charged from a first SOC value to a second SOC value, and acquiring that the battery is discharged from the second SOC value a discharge capacity to the first SOC value, and a difference in charge and discharge capacity obtained according to the charge capacity and the discharge capacity; or a charge capacity when the battery is charged from the first voltage to the second voltage, and Acquiring the battery to discharge from the second voltage a discharge capacity at the time of the first voltage, and a difference in charge and discharge capacity obtained from the charge capacity and the discharge capacity.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the battery safety monitoring method described above.
  • the non-transitory computer readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present invention by performing the battery safety monitoring method described above, it is possible to monitor whether the battery triggers a battery safety hazard condition throughout the life cycle, and when the battery is triggered to have a safety hazard condition Effective safety protection to avoid safety accidents caused by battery safety hazards, greatly improving the safety of terminal equipment.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a battery security monitoring system for a terminal device, including: an obtaining module, configured to acquire battery state information of the terminal device, where the battery state information includes The power failure information when the battery connector of the terminal device is disconnected from the main board, the sudden change of the battery voltage, the temperature abnormality area on the battery surface, the duration of the constant voltage charging phase when the battery is charged, and the capacity change information when the battery is charged and discharged And a determining module, configured to determine, according to the battery state information of the terminal device, whether the terminal device meets a preset battery safety hazard condition; the security monitoring module uses The terminal device is controlled to be in a shutdown state or to turn off a battery power supply loop when the terminal device meets a preset battery presence safety hazard condition.
  • the battery safety monitoring system of the terminal device acquires the battery state information of the terminal device by the acquiring module, and the determining module determines, according to the battery state information, whether the terminal device meets the preset battery presence safety hazard condition, and the security monitoring module Controlling whether the terminal device is in a shutdown state or turning off the battery power supply loop when the terminal device meets the preset battery safety hazard condition, thereby being able to monitor whether the battery triggers a battery safety hazard condition throughout the life cycle, and has a safety hazard in triggering the battery. Effective safety protection during conditions to avoid safety accidents caused by battery safety hazards, greatly improving the safety of terminal equipment.
  • the battery safety monitoring system of the terminal device according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
  • the preset battery has a security risk condition including any two of the following:
  • the battery has a sudden voltage change and there is a temperature abnormality on the surface of the battery
  • the voltage drop rate after the battery is charged is greater than or equal to the preset rate.
  • the security monitoring module limits the charging current and the charging voltage of the battery, and controls the terminal device to send a reminder message that the battery is abnormal:
  • the battery has a sudden voltage change and there is a temperature abnormality on the surface of the battery
  • the voltage drop rate after the battery is charged is greater than or equal to the preset rate.
  • the battery safety monitoring system of the terminal device further includes a generating module, configured to generate a power-off status bit information when the battery connector of the terminal device is disconnected from the main board, and Determining the power status bit information as the power-off information, the determining module is further configured to determine that the power-off status bit information is not reset or not marked, and determine between the battery connector and the motherboard Disconnected for private disconnection.
  • a generating module configured to generate a power-off status bit information when the battery connector of the terminal device is disconnected from the main board, and Determining the power status bit information as the power-off information
  • the determining module is further configured to determine that the power-off status bit information is not reset or not marked, and determine between the battery connector and the motherboard Disconnected for private disconnection.
  • the determining module is further configured to determine a sudden change in the voltage of the battery and a temperature on the surface of the battery. An abnormal region in which the surface of the battery is divided into a plurality of regions.
  • the acquiring module acquires a charging capacity when the battery is charged from the first SOC value to the second SOC value, and acquires the battery from the Determining a discharge capacity when the second SOC value is discharged to the first SOC value, and obtaining a difference in charge and discharge capacity according to the charge capacity and the discharge capacity; or acquiring charging of the battery from the first voltage to the second voltage a charging capacity at a time, and acquiring a discharge capacity when the battery is discharged from the second voltage to the first voltage, and obtaining a difference in charge and discharge capacity according to the charging capacity and the discharge capacity.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a terminal device including the battery safety monitoring system of the terminal device described above.
  • the battery safety monitoring system of the terminal device can monitor whether the battery triggers a safety hazard condition of the battery during the entire life cycle, and performs effective safety protection when the battery has a safety hazard condition. To avoid safety accidents caused by the safety hazard of the battery, the safety of use can be greatly improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a battery damage process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a battery safety monitoring method of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of omnidirectional monitoring of whether a battery is abnormal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the division of a surface area of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the division of a surface area of a battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a voltage abrupt monitoring circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of voltage monitoring curves of a damaged battery and a normal battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a voltage variation curve and a current variation curve of a normal battery and an abnormal battery in a constant voltage charging phase according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of reminder information of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a battery safety monitoring system of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a block schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery safety monitoring method of the terminal device Before describing the battery safety monitoring method of the terminal device, the battery safety monitoring system of the terminal device, and the terminal device having the battery safety monitoring system, the battery structure in the terminal device and its possible existence are described. Security risks.
  • lithium-ion batteries are mainly composed of a battery cell and a battery protection system.
  • the battery cell is called the "heart" of a lithium-ion battery, and contains a positive and negative electrode material, an electrolyte, a separator, and a casing, and the battery is external. Protection System.
  • the positive electrode material of the battery cell is a lithium molecule material such as lithium manganate or lithium cobalt oxide, which determines the energy of the battery, and the negative electrode material is graphite.
  • the separator is placed between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. Generally speaking, the separator is like a kind of paper, which is folded in a small battery box. The separator is filled with positive and negative materials and electrolyte.
  • the external electric field activates the lithium molecules in the positive electrode material to the negative electrode and stores them in the voids of the graphite carbon structure. The more lithium molecules are driven, the more energy is stored.
  • the lithium ions in the negative electrode are driven to the positive electrode. Lithium ions become lithium molecules in the original cathode material, so that the battery is charged and discharged.
  • the separator is mainly used to completely separate the positive and negative materials of the cell. Once the positive and negative electrodes are in direct contact, the internal short circuit of the battery will occur, which brings certain safety hazards, so the separator should not be too thin. Too thin can easily cause damage to the separator.
  • manufacturers are beginning to look for batteries with higher energy density. For example, by filling more positive and negative materials to increase the energy density of the battery, but in the same volume, the more positive and negative materials are filled, the separator becomes thinner and thinner, and the battery is damaged by external impact or the like. It is easy to cause damage to the separator and it is likely to cause a short circuit.
  • an end user or an unauthorized unit often has a private teardown on the mobile phone, and when the mobile phone is disassembled, it is likely that it will be disassembled. It causes certain damage to the battery, which may also cause damage to the separator and cause a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes.
  • the internal short circuit area of the battery is large, and the heat will continue to heat up at the damage point until the battery voltage drops to 0V. If the battery voltage is high, the battery may even ignite and burn; slight damage, the internal short circuit area of the battery is better. Small, short-circuit current is formed at the short-circuit point. Because the short-circuit current is large, a large amount of heat is generated at the short-circuit point, and the temperature becomes high, which will blow the short-circuit point, so the battery voltage will return to the initial state, and the battery may be connected with the normal battery.
  • the battery at this time has a safety hazard, and may be triggered by an internal short circuit at any time during the later use, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the internal short circuit time is very short, and the internal short circuit of the battery will quickly return to the original state, but the isolation film has been partially damaged. Therefore, the battery is abnormal. It is generally difficult to monitor, and the existence of such an abnormal battery will bring certain security risks to the terminal equipment.
  • lithium ions may accumulate in the positive and negative electrodes, and when it accumulates, it will produce a crystal branch like the crystal we see a lot of things, and the crystal branch will slowly Lengthening, in this process, it is possible to pierce the separator to cause an internal short circuit of the battery, and the above-described example shows the case where the battery is temporarily short-circuited and then restored to the original state due to external mechanical damage. More obvious, it is easier to cause the internal short circuit of the battery to occur again.
  • the so-called fast charge is the process of fast charging the secondary rechargeable battery.
  • the charging process of the battery may include one or more of a trickle charging phase, a constant current charging phase, and a constant voltage charging phase.
  • the current feedback loop can be utilized such that the current entering the battery during the trickle charge phase meets the expected charge current of the battery (eg, the first charge current), for example, when the voltage is below 3.0V, 100mA is used.
  • Charging current pair The battery is pre-charged.
  • the current feedback loop can be utilized such that the current entering the battery during the constant current charging phase satisfies the magnitude of the charging current expected by the battery (eg, the second charging current, which can be greater than the first charging current), such as
  • the charging current can vary from 0.1 C to several C, where C refers to the battery capacity.
  • standard charging is charging with a charging current of 0.1 C, and fast charging means charging at a current of more than 0.1 C at this stage to complete charging in a short time.
  • the voltage feedback loop can be used to make the voltage applied to both ends of the battery during the constant voltage charging phase satisfy the expected charging voltage of the battery, for example, when the battery voltage is equal to 4.2V, enter the constant voltage charging phase, this stage
  • the charging voltage is constant at 4.2V.
  • the charging current will become smaller and smaller.
  • the charging current is less than 100mA, the battery can be judged to be full.
  • the charging current in the constant current charging phase, since the charging current is relatively large, for example, the charging current can be 0.2C to 0.8C, and some can even reach 1C, and the charging process of the battery is an electrochemical reaction process, which is inevitably accompanied by heat.
  • the isolation film is damaged, it is easy to cause a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes. Once the short circuit occurs, more heat is generated and the electrolyte is vaporized.
  • the internal pressure of the battery core increases. When the air pressure reaches a certain level, the strength of the outer casing cannot withstand, the outer casing will crack, causing an explosion, and a battery fire will occur when an open flame is encountered.
  • the battery has an internal short circuit, it indicates that the battery is abnormal. At this time, the battery has certain safety hazards, which may cause a safety accident during use.
  • the present application provides an effective safety monitoring method for whether the battery is abnormal, so that it can monitor whether the battery is in danger condition.
  • a battery safety monitoring method for a terminal device, a battery safety monitoring system for a terminal device, and a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • terminal device used in the embodiments of the present invention may include, but is not limited to, being configured to be connected via a wire line (such as via a public switched telephone network (PSTN), digital subscriber line (DSL), digital Cable, direct cable connection, and/or another data connection/network) and/or via (eg for cellular networks, wireless local area networks (WLANs), digital television networks such as DVB-H networks, satellite networks, AM-FM broadcasts
  • a wire line such as via a public switched telephone network (PSTN), digital subscriber line (DSL), digital Cable, direct cable connection, and/or another data connection/network
  • WLANs wireless local area networks
  • digital television networks such as DVB-H networks
  • satellite networks satellite networks
  • AM-FM broadcasts A means for receiving/transmitting a communication signal by a transmitter, and/or a wireless interface of another communication terminal.
  • a terminal configured to communicate through a wireless interface may be referred to as a "wireless communication terminal", a “wireless terminal”, and/or a “mobile terminal.”
  • mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular telephones; personal communication system (PCS) terminals that can combine cellular radiotelephone with data processing, fax, and data communication capabilities; can include radiotelephone, pager, Internet/internet access , a web browser, a memo pad, a calendar, and/or a PDA of a global positioning system (GPS) receiver; and conventional laptop and/or palm-sized receivers or other electronic devices including radiotelephone transceivers.
  • PCS personal communication system
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the battery safety monitoring method of the terminal device may include the following steps:
  • S1 Obtain battery status information of the terminal device, where the battery status information includes power-off information when the battery connector of the terminal device is disconnected from the main board, a sudden change of the battery voltage, and a temperature abnormality area on the surface of the battery, and the battery is charged when the battery is charged. At least two of the duration of the voltage charging phase, the capacity change information when the battery is charged and discharged, and the voltage drop rate after the battery is charged.
  • abnormal monitoring can be performed throughout the life cycle of the battery, for example, when the battery connector of the terminal device is disconnected from the main board before the battery is damaged.
  • the electrical information is used to determine whether the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is disconnected; when the battery is damaged, it is determined whether the battery is currently damaged by monitoring whether the battery has a voltage jump or by detecting the surface temperature of the battery.
  • There is an abnormality during the charging process of the battery, it is determined whether the battery is abnormal by monitoring the duration of the battery during the constant voltage charging phase; after the battery is charged, it is determined whether the battery is monitored by monitoring the voltage drop rate of the battery within a preset time period.
  • There is an abnormality when the battery is in use, for example, during charging and discharging, it is judged whether there is an abnormality in the battery by monitoring the change in the capacity of the battery.
  • the battery can be abnormally monitored in an all-round manner, and according to the monitored battery state information, it is determined whether the battery has a safety hazard condition, and when the battery is triggered to have a safety hazard condition, the battery is directly closed.
  • the battery power supply circuit or the control terminal device is in the off state.
  • the preset battery has a security risk condition including any two of the following:
  • the battery has a sudden voltage change and there is a temperature abnormality on the surface of the battery
  • the voltage drop rate after the battery is charged is greater than or equal to the preset rate.
  • control terminal device is in a shutdown state or the battery power supply circuit is turned off to achieve effective security protection.
  • the battery connector of the terminal device when disconnected from the main board, generating power-off status bit information, and using the power-off status bit information as the power-off information, wherein If the power-off status bit information is not reset or is not marked, it is determined that the disconnection between the battery connector and the motherboard is a private disconnection.
  • the determination process of whether the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is disconnected is:
  • the power-off information when the battery connector of the terminal device is disconnected from the main board is obtained, wherein the disconnection behavior can be detected by detecting a detection circuit that the battery connector is disconnected from the main board.
  • the battery connector is a BTB (Board to Board) connector
  • the BTB connector may include a metal platen.
  • the detection circuit can be short-circuited by the metal platen of the BTB connector, so that when the metal platen is removed or cut, the detection circuit changes from a shorted state to an open state. Thereby, it is judged that the metal platen is removed or cut when the detecting circuit changes to the open state, and it is further determined that the battery connector is disconnected from the main board.
  • the terminal device such as the mobile phone may include a metal casing, and the metal casing may be connected and fixed to the body of the terminal device by means of bonding or welding.
  • the metal casing since the battery is built in the terminal device, the metal casing is not removed when the battery is not removed. Therefore, the above detection circuit can also be short-circuited by the metal casing, so that when the metal casing is removed, the detection circuit changes from the short-circuit state to the open state. Thereby, it is possible to judge that the metal casing is removed when the detecting circuit changes to the open state, and further judge that the battery connector is disconnected from the main board.
  • the above detection circuit can also be connected to a CPU (Central Processing Unit) on the main board.
  • the CPU Central Processing Unit
  • the CPU can control the status register to generate a power-off state. Bit information, and the power-down status bit information is used as the power-off information.
  • the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board may be caused by after-sales disconnection, such as disassembly of the battery during professional maintenance or inspection by the authorized unit, or may be disconnected by private disconnection, for example, by the terminal. Caused by the user or unauthorized unit to disassemble the battery.
  • the current disassembly behavior can be marked as normal behavior by some operations, for example, the power-off status bit information can be reset or marked.
  • the authorized unit can pass the operating program of the CPU when the battery is disassembled.
  • the power-off status bit information may be marked by a PMIC (Power Management Integrated Circuit) power-on identification.
  • PMIC Power Management Integrated Circuit
  • the power-off status bit information is reset. If the power-off status bit information is reset, it is determined that the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is disconnected after the sale; if the power-off status bit information is not reset, it is determined that the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is private. Disconnected.
  • the power-off status bit is still set after the battery connector is reconnected to the main board, it can be judged that the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is a private disconnection, and if the power-off status bit is 0, it can be judged that the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is disconnected after the sale.
  • the power-off status bit information it can be judged whether or not the power-off status bit information is marked. If the power-off status bit information is marked, it can be judged The disconnection between the pool connector and the main board is disconnected after the sale; if the power-off status bit information is not marked, it can be judged that the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is a private disconnection.
  • the battery connector is reconnected to the main board, if there is a PMIC re-powering flag in the power-off status bit information, it can be determined that the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is disconnected after the sale; If the PMIC re-power-on identifier does not exist in the electrical status bit information, it can be determined that the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is a private disconnection.
  • the after-sale disconnection generally does not cause a safety hazard to the battery. Therefore, when the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is disconnected after the sale, it can be determined that the terminal device is in a battery safe state. When it is determined that the terminal device is in the battery safety state, the terminal device can also be controlled to issue a battery safety reminding message for the user to use with confidence.
  • the disconnection of the private disconnection often causes battery damage, for example, the battery is subjected to an external force that exceeds the force limit, and the battery connector and the main board are reconnected, and the contact is poor. Therefore, the battery has certain safety hazards. Therefore, when the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is disconnected, the private disconnection information can be recorded, and the private disassembly behavior is marked.
  • the battery voltage drops instantaneously and the temperature of any one of the surface of the battery is greater than the temperature of the other region, it is determined that the battery has a sudden voltage change and the temperature abnormality region exists on the surface of the battery.
  • the surface of the battery is divided into a plurality of regions.
  • S11 Acquire a battery voltage of the terminal device in real time, and obtain a temperature of each area of the battery surface of the terminal device in real time, wherein the surface of the battery is divided into multiple regions.
  • the temperature detection technology of the surface of the battery can be detected by the temperature detection technology of the thermal resistance or the thermocouple, and the temperature detection technology of the thermal resistance or the thermocouple can be easily integrated, and the temperature detection can be realized in a small or portable device. .
  • the surface of the battery can be divided into several regions, each of which is placed with a temperature sensing probe, and the temperature of each region is detected in real time by a temperature sensing probe. That is, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of each region is obtained by a temperature sensing probe corresponding to each region.
  • a plurality of regions are arranged in an array, for example, regions 1 through 9 are in an array of 3*3.
  • the temperature sensing probe may also be disposed only in a portion where the battery is easily damaged, such as a battery corner region, a head region, and a tail region, as shown in FIG. 5 is shown. That is, the plurality of regions may include a battery corner region, a head region, and a tail region.
  • S12. Determine, according to the battery voltage acquired in real time, whether the battery of the terminal device has a sudden voltage change, and determine whether there is a temperature abnormal region on the surface of the battery according to the temperature of each region.
  • the battery voltage can be detected in real time by constructing a differential amplifying circuit.
  • the differential amplifying circuit can be as shown in FIG. 6, which can include resistors R1 and R2, a capacitor C1, and a differential amplifier X1, wherein one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the anode of the battery, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the differential amplifier.
  • the negative input terminal, the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 constitute an RC voltage regulator filter circuit, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the negative input terminal of the differential amplifier X1, the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded, the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the resistor R1, and the differential amplifier X1 is positive.
  • the input is also connected to the positive side of the battery. Real-time monitoring of the battery voltage can be realized by the differential amplifying circuit, and whether the battery voltage is abruptly changed according to the output signal of the differential amplifying circuit.
  • the negative input terminal of the differential amplifier X1 is connected to a capacitor C1 to the ground.
  • the voltage of the negative input terminal of the differential amplifier X1 is maintained for a certain period of time due to the existence of the capacitor, and the differential amplifier X1 is maintained.
  • the positive input voltage will jump directly, and the output of the differential amplifier X1 will be inverted, so that the output signal of the differential amplifier X1 can be monitored to determine whether the battery has a sudden voltage change.
  • the battery voltage can be detected in real time by other voltage detecting circuits, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the battery voltage.
  • the circuit for detecting the voltage of the battery which are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold to determine whether there is a temperature abnormality area on the surface of the battery. For example, when it is detected that the temperature of a certain area is higher than the temperature of other areas, it can be considered that the area is a temperature abnormal area, indicating that there is a temperature abnormal area on the surface of the battery.
  • the inventors have found through extensive tests and experiments that the voltage of the battery is relatively stable during normal use, and the temperature of the surface of the battery is relatively balanced. However, once the battery is damaged by external mechanical damage, for example, it is dropped. Impact, extrusion, puncture, etc., at this time, the battery voltage will be abrupt, accompanied by a higher local temperature. Therefore, the battery safety monitoring method of the terminal device according to the embodiment of the present invention monitors whether the battery is currently damaged by monitoring whether the battery voltage has a sudden voltage change or a temperature abnormality on the surface of the battery, and detects a sudden change in the voltage of the battery voltage. If there is a temperature abnormality on the surface of the battery, it indicates that the battery is damaged at this time, an internal short circuit occurs, and it is determined that the battery is currently abnormal, and there is a certain safety hazard.
  • the battery when the battery is in an unloaded condition or a light load condition, if a sudden change in voltage occurs in the battery and a temperature abnormal region exists on the surface of the battery, it is determined that the battery is currently abnormal.
  • the battery is in a no-load condition, which means that the battery is not currently discharged, and there is no battery current consumption, for example, the terminal device is in a shutdown state.
  • the battery is in light load condition, which means that the current current consumption of the battery is about 5mA-6mA, and the battery consumes a small amount of current, such as the terminal device is in standby state or the system load is small.
  • determining whether the battery of the terminal device has a voltage abrupt phenomenon according to the battery voltage obtained in real time comprising: determining, according to the battery voltage acquired in real time, whether the battery has a voltage drop instantaneously; if the battery voltage drops instantaneously, then Judging that the battery has a sudden voltage change.
  • the preset value when the battery is in an unloaded condition or a light load condition, is greater than or equal to 10 mV, for example, may be 150-400 mV.
  • the voltage monitoring during battery damage is shown in FIG.
  • the curve 1 indicates the voltage change curve when the battery is slightly damaged
  • the curve 2 indicates the voltage change curve when the battery is seriously damaged
  • the curve 3 indicates the voltage change curve when the battery does not receive the damage normally. It can be seen from curve 1 that when the battery is slightly damaged, the battery voltage instantaneously changes from 3.8V to 3.63V and then recovers to about 3.8V. From curve 2, when the battery is seriously damaged, the battery voltage instantaneously changes from 3.8V to 3.51V. It recovers to nearly 3.8V. It can be seen from curve 3 that the battery voltage is basically stable at 3.8V when the battery is not damaged normally.
  • obtaining a difference in charge and discharge capacity includes: acquiring a charging capacity when the battery is charged from a first SOC value to a second SOC value, and acquiring that the battery is discharged from the second SOC value a discharge capacity to the first SOC value, and a difference in charge and discharge capacity obtained according to the charge capacity and the discharge capacity; or a charge capacity when the battery is charged from the first voltage to the second voltage, and Obtaining a discharge capacity when the battery is discharged from the second voltage to the first voltage, and obtaining a difference in charge and discharge capacity according to the charge capacity and the discharge capacity.
  • the charging capacity information and the discharging capacity information of the battery of the terminal device during charging and discharging are acquired.
  • a specific power detecting circuit, a program, or a manufacturer-designated independent battery safety monitoring APP may be set in the terminal device, and then the terminal device battery charging is detected by a specific power detecting circuit, program or APP in the terminal device.
  • the change in battery capacity during discharge For example, a battery safety monitoring APP for detecting battery capacity may be installed in the terminal device, and the APP may be set to detect that the battery is charged between two specific SOC values or voltage values. Corresponding charging capacity and discharge capacity when discharging.
  • the terminal device may be, but not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a palm reader, etc.
  • the battery of the terminal device may be a lithium battery.
  • the capacity change at the time of charging and discharging of the battery is obtained based on the charging capacity information and the discharging capacity information.
  • a charging capacity when the battery is charged from the first SOC value to the second SOC value may be acquired, and a discharge capacity when the battery is discharged from the second SOC value to the first SOC value may be acquired to obtain charging and discharging according to the charging capacity and the discharging capacity.
  • Capacity difference As an example, for a 2910 mAh/4.4 V battery, the first SOC value is set to 0.3, the second SOC value is 0.9, and if the battery is charged from the first SOC value to the second SOC value, the charging capacity is 1790 mAh, and the battery is from the second. The discharge capacity when the SOC value was discharged to the first SOC value was 1776 mAh, and the difference in charge and discharge capacity was 14 mAh.
  • a charging capacity when the battery is charged from the first voltage to the second voltage and to obtain a discharge capacity when the battery is discharged from the second voltage to the first voltage, so as to obtain a difference in charge and discharge capacity according to the charging capacity and the discharging capacity.
  • a charging capacity when the battery is charged from the first voltage to the second voltage set the first voltage to 3.7V and the second voltage to 4.2V. If the battery charges from 23.7V to 4.2V, the charge capacity is 2985mAh, and the battery discharges from 4.2V to 3.7.
  • the discharge capacity at V was 2980 mAh, and the difference in charge and discharge capacity was 5 mAh.
  • the battery is charged from the first SOC value to the second SOC value, and the battery is discharged from the second SOC value to the first SOC value, or the battery is charged from the first voltage to the second voltage, and the battery is from the first
  • the second voltage discharge to the first voltage is a continuous charge and discharge process of the battery. It can be understood that the continuous discharge charging process of the battery can also be detected, that is, the discharge capacity when the battery is discharged from the second SOC value to the first SOC value is first acquired, and then the battery is charged from the first SOC value to the second SOC value.
  • the charging capacity or firstly, the discharge capacity when the battery is discharged from the second voltage to the first voltage, and then the re-charging capacity when the battery is discharged from the first voltage to the second voltage is obtained, thereby calculating the difference between the two.
  • the difference between the charge and discharge capacity is in a preset capacity interval, and if the difference between the charge and discharge capacity is in a preset capacity interval, it is determined that the battery is in a normal state; if the difference between the charge and discharge capacity is not in the preset capacity interval , to determine the battery is abnormal.
  • the preset capacity interval may be 0-20 mAh, which may be pre-stored in the memory of the terminal device to be called when needed.
  • the difference between the charge and discharge capacity of 14 mAh is in the preset capacity interval of 0 to 20 mAh, and the battery can be judged to be in a normal state; if the terminal device falls, the difference between the charge and discharge capacity detected by the APP is 200 mAh, which is not preset.
  • the capacity interval is 0 to 20 mAh, it can be judged that the battery in the terminal device is abnormal.
  • the terminal device can be controlled to issue a reminder message that the battery is abnormal, to remind the user to timely handle the safety abnormality.
  • the battery thus circumvents possible safety-related accidents in advance.
  • the battery capacity of the battery of the terminal device at two times in a certain period of time during charging and discharging may also be acquired. For example, when the battery is charging, the battery capacity M is acquired at time T, and the battery capacity N is acquired again at time T+t. If the change in battery capacity, that is, NM is not in the preset capacity interval, after the time t, it can be judged. The battery is abnormal.
  • the correspondence may be stored in advance in the memory to be called when needed.
  • the second and fifth batteries are taken as an example to illustrate the test principle: before the 2nd battery falls, the capacity is 2984mAh, the difference between the charge and discharge capacity is 5mAh, the drop is backward, the capacity is 2967mAh, and the difference between the charge and discharge capacity is 3mAh. It can be seen that the difference in capacity before and after the battery drop is 17 mAh, which is in the preset capacity range of 0 to 20 mAh, and the difference between the charge and discharge capacity after the drop is 3 mAh, which is also in the preset capacity range of 0 to 20 mAh, indicating that the No. 2 battery is in a normal state. Before the 5th battery fell, the capacity was 2986mAh, and the battery charge and discharge capacity difference was 9mAh.
  • the FPC Flexible Printed Circuit
  • the capacity was 2960mAh
  • the charge-discharge capacity difference was 27mAh. It can be seen that before and after the battery falls.
  • the difference in capacity is 26 mAh, which is not in the preset capacity range of 0 to 20 mAh
  • the difference between the charge and discharge capacity of the battery is 27 mAh, and is not in the preset capacity range of 0 to 20 mAh, indicating that the No. 5 battery is abnormal.
  • the capacity value of the charge and discharge will change greatly, and the degree of change will vary with the damage.
  • the greater the degree of damage the greater the change in the charge and discharge capacity of the battery. In other words, it is possible to determine whether the battery is abnormal by detecting the change in the charge and discharge capacity of the battery.
  • the step of determining whether the battery is abnormal by the voltage drop rate after the battery is charged is as follows:
  • the low power consumption state includes a state in which the terminal device is fully charged and remains connected to the charger.
  • the state in which the terminal device is fully charged and remains connected to the charger means that the battery in the current terminal device is fully charged, and the charger and the terminal device are still in a connected state, and even if the background program of the terminal device is not closed,
  • the reason for the safety detection of the battery is that when the display of the terminal device is lit and/or the application is turned on, since the charger is always in the connected state, the power consumption of the terminal device will be completely provided by the charger.
  • the voltage drop rate of the battery of the terminal device is preset in a preset time period, and then the battery is determined to have a safety hazard according to the voltage drop rate of the battery in the preset time period.
  • acquiring a voltage drop rate of the battery of the terminal device in a preset time period including: entering at the terminal device After entering the low power consumption state and continuing for the first preset time, the voltage of the battery is acquired every second preset time; the voltage falling rate is calculated according to the voltage of the battery detected every second preset time.
  • the charger For example, first insert the charger into the mobile terminal to be tested (such as a mobile phone), and then start charging the mobile terminal. After the mobile terminal is fully charged, start to observe the battery voltage drop in the mobile terminal without pulling the charger.
  • the recorded data is shown in Table 2. Then, according to the data in Table 2, the influence of the power consumption of the motherboard on the battery voltage under the condition that the charger is not pulled out is observed.
  • the rated capacity of the battery is 2750mAh, and the rated voltage is 4.35V.
  • 1#, 2#, 3#, ..., 10# represent 10 different test samples.
  • the rated capacity of the battery is 2980mAh, and the rated voltage is 4.35V.
  • 1#, 2#, 3#, ..., 10# represent 10 different test samples.
  • the battery continued to heat up significantly, and the battery voltage could only reach about 4V, which could not be charged.
  • the application related to the invention starts every second preset time t2 (eg, 10min)
  • the voltage of the battery is detected by the voltage feedback module in the charging IC.
  • the voltage of the battery detected at time t1 is V1
  • the voltage of the detected battery is V2
  • V1 and after the time delay t2 the voltage of the detected battery is V2
  • determining whether the battery has an abnormality according to a voltage falling rate of the battery within a preset time period determining whether the voltage falling rate is greater than or equal to a preset rate; if the voltage falling rate is less than the preset rate, determining that the battery is in a normal state; If the falling rate is greater than or equal to the preset rate, it is determined that the battery is abnormal.
  • the preset rate can be set to 1 mV, so that most of the abnormalities of the battery can be detected.
  • the first preset time for example, 1 h
  • the voltage of the battery is obtained once, which is recorded as V1
  • a second preset time for example, 10 minutes
  • Obtain the voltage of the battery again denoted as V2
  • calculate the voltage drop rate ⁇ V (V1-V2)/t2 of the battery according to V1, V2 and t2, and judge it. If ⁇ V is less than 1mV, judge the battery.
  • the step of determining whether the battery is abnormal by the duration of the constant voltage charging phase comprises:
  • a trickle charging phase During the charging process of the terminal device, a trickle charging phase, a constant current charging phase, and a constant voltage charging phase are generally included.
  • the voltage feedback loop in the constant voltage charging phase, can be used to make the voltage applied to both ends of the battery during the constant voltage charging phase satisfy the expected charging voltage of the battery, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the battery voltage is equal to 4.35V, Entering the constant voltage charging phase, the charging voltage at this stage is constant at 4.35V.
  • the charging current When the battery is gradually full, the charging current will become smaller and smaller.
  • the preset off charging current for example, 100mA, the battery can be judged to be full.
  • the constant voltage charging phase if there is an abnormality in the battery due to damage, a local internal short circuit will occur inside the battery. Due to the occurrence of internal short circuit, the damaged battery has a certain leakage current in the constant voltage charging phase, and due to the constant voltage charging phase. The charging current is small, so the charging time of the damaged battery will increase significantly during the constant voltage charging phase, as shown in FIG.
  • the duration is acquired. That is to say, when the terminal device is in a low power consumption state, the terminal device consumes a small current and does not interfere with the short circuit leakage current of the abnormal battery, thereby improving the detection accuracy.
  • the low power consumption state may include a black screen standby state, a shutdown state, ie, the battery is in a light load or no load condition.
  • the battery is in no-load condition, which means that the battery is not currently discharged, and there is no external current consumption of the battery (excluding the current consumption caused by the internal short circuit of the battery), for example, the terminal device is in the off state.
  • the battery is in light load condition, which means that the current current consumption of the battery is about 5mA-6mA, and the battery current consumption is very small, for example, the terminal equipment is in standby mode. State, or a state in which the system load is small.
  • the black screen standby state means that the display screen of the terminal device is in the off state, and all applications in the background are closed, and only the application related to the present invention is kept in the open state. That is to say, when the battery is safely monitored, the terminal device is in a state of almost no power consumption, so that the duration of the acquisition is more accurate, and the display or application power consumption can be avoided, resulting in inaccurate detection. problem.
  • the battery in the process of charging the battery, can be trickle-charged, and then the battery is subjected to constant current charging and constant voltage charging, wherein when the charging voltage reaches 4.35V, the constant voltage charging phase is entered. .
  • the charging voltage In the constant voltage charging phase, the charging voltage is constant at 4.35V.
  • the charging current When the battery is gradually full, the charging current will become smaller and smaller.
  • the charging current is less than the preset off charging current, for example, 100mA, it can be judged that the battery is full and the battery is entered. The duration of the constant voltage charging phase.
  • the damaged battery has a certain short-circuit self-consumption current, so the duration of the battery entering the constant voltage charging phase will become longer, so that the length of the judgment can be recognized by the length of time. Is there any abnormality in the battery?
  • the detection accuracy can be improved by reducing the preset off charging current. That is, the closer the preset off charging current is to the short circuit leakage current inside the battery, the easier it is to identify whether the battery is damaged. There is an abnormality.
  • a charging current and a charging voltage of the battery are limited during charging of the battery, and the terminal device is controlled to emit a battery.
  • Abnormal reminder information :
  • the battery has a sudden voltage change and there is a temperature abnormality on the surface of the battery
  • the voltage drop rate after the battery is charged is greater than or equal to the preset rate.
  • the mobile terminal can also The indicator flashes to alert the user.
  • the indicator light flashes red at a faster frequency.
  • the user can be alerted by the voice announcement function in the terminal device.
  • the smaller the power consumption of the application in the terminal device the smaller the amount of heat generated when the battery is used, for example, only the chat tool is turned on and the video chat is not performed, and the battery power consumption is small.
  • the battery generates less heat, and the battery is less likely to be dangerous.
  • the application consumes a large amount of power, such as watching videos, playing games, etc.
  • the battery consumes a large amount of power, and the battery generates a large amount of heat. It is prone to security incidents. Therefore, when it is determined that there is an abnormality in the battery, the use of video software, game software, applications, etc., which consumes a large amount of power, is prohibited.
  • the battery safety monitoring method of the terminal device determines whether the terminal device meets the preset battery safety hazard condition by acquiring the battery state information of the terminal device, so as to monitor the battery throughout the life cycle. Whether the battery is triggered to have a safety hazard condition, and effective safety protection is provided when the battery is in danger of being exposed to safety, thereby avoiding a safety accident caused by a safety hazard of the battery, and greatly improving the safety of the terminal device during use.
  • embodiments of the present invention also provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the battery safety monitoring method described above.
  • the non-transitory computer readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present invention by performing the battery safety monitoring method described above, it is possible to monitor whether the battery triggers a battery safety hazard condition throughout the life cycle, and when the battery is triggered to have a safety hazard condition Effective safety protection to avoid safety accidents caused by battery safety hazards, greatly improving the safety of terminal equipment.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a battery safety monitoring system of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery safety monitoring system 100 of the terminal device includes: an obtaining module 110, a determining module 120, and a security monitoring module 130.
  • the obtaining module 110 is configured to acquire battery state information of the terminal device, where the battery state information includes power-off information when the battery connector of the terminal device is disconnected from the motherboard, a sudden change of the battery voltage, and a battery table.
  • the surface has at least two of a temperature abnormality region, a duration of a constant voltage charging phase when the battery is charged, a capacity change information when the battery is charged and discharged, and a voltage drop rate after the battery is charged;
  • the determining module 120 is configured to use the terminal according to the terminal
  • the battery status information of the device determines whether the terminal device meets a preset battery presence security risk condition;
  • the security monitoring module 130 is configured to control the terminal device to be in a shutdown state when the terminal device meets a preset battery presence security risk condition Or turn off the battery power circuit.
  • abnormal monitoring can be performed throughout the life cycle of the battery, for example, when the battery connector of the terminal device is disconnected from the main board before the battery is damaged.
  • the electrical information is used to determine whether the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is disconnected; when the battery is damaged, it is determined whether the battery is currently damaged by monitoring whether the battery has a voltage jump or by detecting the surface temperature of the battery.
  • There is an abnormality during the charging process of the battery, it is determined whether the battery is abnormal by monitoring the duration of the battery during the constant voltage charging phase; after the battery is charged, it is determined whether the battery is monitored by monitoring the voltage drop rate of the battery within a preset time period.
  • There is an abnormality when the battery is in use, for example, during charging and discharging, it is judged whether there is an abnormality in the battery by monitoring the change in the capacity of the battery.
  • the battery can be abnormally monitored in an all-round manner, and according to the monitored battery state information, it is determined whether the battery has a safety hazard condition, and when the battery is triggered to have a safety hazard condition, the battery is directly closed.
  • the battery power supply circuit or the control terminal device is in the off state.
  • the preset battery has a security risk condition including any two of the following:
  • the battery has a sudden voltage change and there is a temperature abnormality on the surface of the battery
  • the voltage drop rate after the battery is charged is greater than or equal to the preset rate.
  • the safety monitoring module 130 limits the charging current and the charging voltage of the battery during charging of the battery, and controls the terminal The device sends a reminder that the battery is abnormal:
  • the battery has a sudden voltage change and there is a temperature abnormality on the surface of the battery
  • the voltage drop rate after the battery is charged is greater than or equal to the preset rate.
  • the user Under normal circumstances, when the user sees the above reminder information, it will promptly go to the corresponding customer service outlet for inspection and maintenance, but some users are not sure the seriousness of the problem when they see the message, so it is likely to ignore the message. And continue to use normally, so the user can be reminded multiple times at this time, for example, the user can be reminded at least three times. If the user still does not process after multiple reminders, some functions of the terminal device may be limited at this time, for example, limiting the charging voltage and charging current during battery charging.
  • the battery safety monitoring system of the terminal device further includes a generating module, configured to generate power-off status bit information when the battery connector of the terminal device is disconnected from the main board, and The electrical status bit information is used as the power-off information, and the determining module 120 is further configured to determine that the power-off status bit information is not reset or not marked, and determine that the disconnection between the battery connector and the motherboard is Private disconnection.
  • the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board may be caused by after-sales disconnection, such as disassembly of the battery during professional maintenance or inspection by the authorized unit, or may be disconnected by private disconnection, for example, by the terminal. Caused by the user or unauthorized unit to disassemble the battery.
  • the current disassembly behavior can be marked as normal behavior by some operations, for example, the power-off status bit information can be reset or marked.
  • the disconnection of the private disconnection often causes battery damage, for example, the battery is subjected to an external force that exceeds the force limit, and the battery connector and the main board are reconnected, and the contact is poor. Therefore, the battery has certain safety hazards. Therefore, when the disconnection between the battery connector and the main board is disconnected, the private disconnection information can be recorded, and the private disassembly behavior is marked.
  • the determining module 120 is further configured to determine that the battery has a sudden voltage change and the temperature of the battery surface is abnormal. a region in which the surface of the battery is divided into a plurality of regions.
  • the temperature detection technology of the surface of the battery can be detected by the temperature detection technology of the thermal resistance or the thermocouple, and the temperature detection technology of the thermal resistance or the thermocouple can be easily integrated, and is convenient to be realized in a small or portable device. temperature check.
  • the surface of the battery can be divided into several regions, each of which is placed with a temperature sensing probe, and the temperature of each region is detected in real time by a temperature sensing probe. That is, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of each region is obtained by a temperature sensing probe corresponding to each region.
  • a plurality of regions are arranged in an array, for example, regions 1 through 9 are in an array of 3*3.
  • the temperature sensing probe may also be disposed only in a portion where the battery is easily damaged, such as a battery corner region, a head region, and a tail region, as shown in FIG. 5 is shown. That is, the plurality of regions may include a battery corner region, a head region, and a tail region.
  • the temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold to determine whether there is a temperature abnormality area on the surface of the battery. For example, when it is detected that the temperature of a certain area is higher than the temperature of other areas, it can be considered that the area is a temperature abnormal area, indicating that there is a temperature abnormal area on the surface of the battery.
  • the acquiring module 110 acquires a charging capacity when the battery is charged from the first SOC value to the second SOC value, and acquires the battery from the a discharge capacity when the second SOC value is discharged to the first SOC value, and a difference in charge and discharge capacity is obtained according to the charge capacity and the discharge capacity; or when the battery is charged from the first voltage to the second voltage a charging capacity, and obtaining a discharge capacity when the battery is discharged from the second voltage to the first voltage, and obtaining a difference in charge and discharge capacity according to the charging capacity and the discharge capacity.
  • the security monitoring module 130 may be a battery management function with a battery management function, or a battery protection system with battery protection function, or an integrated battery management function, a protection function, and a terminal device control function.
  • the terminal device control system is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • the battery safety monitoring system of the terminal device acquires the battery state information of the terminal device by the acquiring module, and the determining module determines, according to the battery state information, whether the terminal device meets the preset battery presence safety hazard condition, and the security monitoring module Controlling whether the terminal device is in a shutdown state or turning off the battery power supply loop when the terminal device meets the preset battery safety hazard condition, thereby being able to monitor whether the battery triggers a battery safety hazard condition throughout the life cycle, and has a safety hazard in triggering the battery. Effective safety protection during conditions to avoid safety accidents caused by battery safety hazards, greatly improving the safety of terminal equipment.
  • an embodiment of the present invention also proposes a terminal device 10 including the above-described battery safety monitoring system 100 of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device can be monitored by the battery safety monitoring system of the terminal device described above. Whether the battery triggers the battery in the whole life cycle has safety hazard conditions, and effectively protects the battery when there is a safety hazard condition to avoid the safety accident caused by the safety hazard of the battery, which can greatly improve the safety of use.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” and “second” may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality” is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like shall be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise. , or integrated; can be mechanical or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements, unless otherwise specified Limited.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the first feature "on” or “under” the second feature may be a direct contact of the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly through an intermediate medium, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined. contact.
  • the first feature "above”, “above” and “above” the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or above the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is higher than the second feature.
  • the first feature “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is less than the second feature.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including
  • the instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

一种终端设备(10)及其电池安全监控方法和监控系统(100)，其中，电池安全监控方法包括以下步骤：获取所述终端设备(10)的电池状态信息(S1)；根据所述终端设备(10)的电池状态信息判断所述终端设备(10)是否满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件(S2)；如果满足，则控制所述终端设备(10)处于关机状态或关断电池供电回路(S3)。终端设备(10)的电池安全监控方法通过监控电池在整个生命周期内的状态信息来判断是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，从而在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时进行安全防护，避免因电池存在安全隐患而带来的安全事故。

Description

终端设备及其电池安全监控方法和监控系统 技术领域
本发明涉及终端设备技术领域，特别涉及一种终端设备的电池安全监控方法、一种终端设备的电池安全监控系统以及一种具有该电池安全监控系统的终端设备。
背景技术
电池是终端设备的动力之源，为移动终端例如手机提供长时间稳定供电。最早用于移动终端的电池为镍铬电池和镍氢电池，但是随着移动终端屏幕的增大、功能的增强等，镍铬电池和镍氢电池的容量已经无法满足能量需求，而锂离子电池由于具有较多的优点，例如，能量密度高，所以能够做的比较轻巧且容量比较大，充放电比较快，并且与镍铬、镍氢电池相比，不具有记忆效应，且对环境的元素损害也是最小的，所以逐渐取代了传统的镍铬电池和镍氢电池。
虽然锂离子电池的出现有效解决了电池容量的问题，但是也存在安全性的问题，例如，当锂离子电池受损引起短路时，导致电芯内部产生热，当该热量产生过快时，很可能出现电池起火、炸裂的情况，因此，需要对电池进行安全监测，以防止事故发生。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决上述技术中的技术问题之一。为此，本发明的第一个目的在于提出一种终端设备的电池安全监控方法，通过监控电池在整个生命周期内的状态信息来判断是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，从而在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时进行安全防护，避免因电池存在安全隐患而带来的安全事故。
本发明的第二个目的在于提出一种非临时性计算机可读存储介质。
本发明的第三个目的在于提出一种终端设备的电池安全监控系统。
本发明的第四个目的在于提出一种终端设备。
为达到上述目的，本发明第一方面实施例提出的一种终端设备的电池安全监控方法，包括以下步骤：获取所述终端设备的电池状态信息，其中，所述电池状态信息包括所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息、电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域、电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间、电池充放电时的容量变化信息、电池充电完成后的电压下降速率中的至少两种；根据所述终端设备的电池状态信息判断所述终端设备是否满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件；如果满足，则控制所述终端设备处于关机状态或关断电池供电回路。
根据本发明实施例的终端设备的电池安全监控方法，通过获取终端设备的电池状态信息来判断终端设备是否满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件，以监控电池在整个生命周期内是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，并在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时进行有效的安全防护，避免因电池存在安全隐患而带来的安全事故，大大提高了终端设备使用时的安全性。
另外，根据本发明上述实施例提出的终端设备的电池安全监控方法还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述预设的电池存在安全隐患条件包括以下任意两项：
(1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
(2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
(3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
(4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
(5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当以下条件中的任意一项满足时，在所述电池的充电过程中，对所述电池的充电电流和充电电压进行限制，并控制所述终端设备发出电池存在异常的提醒信息：
(1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
(2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
(3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
(4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
(5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时，生成断电状态位信息，并将所述断电状态位信息作为所述断电信息，其中，如果所述断电状态位信息未被复位或者未被标记，则判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当电池电压出现瞬间跌落且所述电池表面的任意一个区域的温度大于其他区域的温度时，判断电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域，其中，所述电池表面分为多个区域。
根据本发明的一个实施例，获取充放电容量差值，包括：获取所述电池从第一SOC值充电至第二SOC值时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二SOC值放电至所述第一SOC值时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值；或者获取所述电池从第一电压充电至第二电压时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二电压放电 至所述第一电压时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值。
为达到上述目的，本发明第二方面实施例提出了一种非临时性计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现上述的电池安全监控方法。
根据本发明实施例的非临时性计算机可读存储介质，通过执行上述的电池安全监控方法，能够监控电池在整个生命周期内是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，并在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时进行有效的安全防护，避免因电池存在安全隐患而带来的安全事故，大大提高了终端设备使用时的安全性。
为达到上述目的，本发明第三方面实施例提出了一种终端设备的电池安全监控系统，包括：获取模块，用于获取所述终端设备的电池状态信息，其中，所述电池状态信息包括所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息、电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域、电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间、电池充放电时的容量变化信息、电池充电完成后的电压下降速率中的至少两种；判断模块，用于根据所述终端设备的电池状态信息判断所述终端设备是否满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件；安全监控模块，用于在所述终端设备满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件时控制所述终端设备处于关机状态或关断电池供电回路。
根据本发明实施例的终端设备的电池安全监控系统，通过获取模块获取终端设备的电池状态信息，并且判断模块根据电池状态信息判断终端设备是否满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件，以及安全监控模块在终端设备满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件时控制终端设备处于关机状态或关断电池供电回路，从而能够监控电池在整个生命周期内是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，并在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时进行有效的安全防护，避免因电池存在安全隐患而带来的安全事故，大大提高了终端设备使用时的安全性。
另外，根据本发明上述实施例提出的终端设备的电池安全监控系统还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述预设的电池存在安全隐患条件包括以下任意两项：
(1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
(2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
(3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
(4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
(5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当以下条件中的任意一项满足时，在所述电池的充电过程 中，所述安全监控模块对所述电池的充电电流和充电电压进行限制，并控制所述终端设备发出电池存在异常的提醒信息：
(1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
(2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
(3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
(4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
(5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统，还包括生成模块，用于在所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时生成断电状态位信息，并将所述断电状态位信息作为所述断电信息，所述判断模块还用于判断所述断电状态位信息未被复位或者未被标记时，判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当电池电压出现瞬间跌落且所述电池表面的任意一个区域的温度大于其他区域的温度时，所述判断模块还用于判断电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域，其中，所述电池表面分为多个区域。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述获取模块在获取充放电容量差值时，其中，获取所述电池从第一SOC值充电至第二SOC值时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二SOC值放电至所述第一SOC值时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值；或者获取所述电池从第一电压充电至第二电压时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二电压放电至所述第一电压时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值。
为达到上述目的，本发明第四方面实施例提出了一种终端设备，其包括上述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统。
根据本发明实施例的终端设备，通过上述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统，能够监控电池在整个生命周期内是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，并在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时进行有效的安全防护，避免因电池存在安全隐患而带来的安全事故，可大大提高使用安全性。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明一个实施例的电池受损过程示意图；
图2为根据本发明实施例的终端设备的电池安全监控方法的流程图；
图3为根据本发明一个实施例的全方位监控电池是否存在异常的示意图；
图4为根据本发明一个实施例的电池表面区域划分示意图；
图5为根据本发明另一个实施例的电池表面区域划分示意图；
图6为根据本发明一个实施例的电压突变监测电路示意图；
图7为根据本发明一个实施例的受损电池与正常电池的电压监测曲线对比示意图；
图8为根据本发明一个实施例的正常电池与异常电池在恒压充电阶段电压变化曲线和电流变化曲线对比示意图；
图9为根据本发明一个实施例的移动终端的提醒信息的示意图；
图10为根据本发明实施例的终端设备的电池安全监控系统的方框示意图；
图11为根据本发明实施例的终端设备的方框示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在描述本发明实施例提出的终端设备的电池安全监控方法、终端设备的电池安全监控系统以及具有该电池安全监控系统的终端设备之前，先来描述一下终端设备中的电池结构以及其可能存在的安全隐患。
举例来说，锂离子电池主要由电芯和电池保护系统组成，其中，电芯被称为锂离子电池的“心脏”，含有正负极材料、电解液、隔离膜以及外壳，外面是电池的保护系统。电芯的正极材料为锰酸锂、钴酸锂等锂分子的材料，决定着电池的能量，负极材料为石墨。隔离膜设置在电池的正负极之间，通俗来讲，隔离膜就像一种纸，不断折叠在小小的电池盒内，隔离膜里充满了正负极材料和电解液，充电时，外部电场把正极材料里面的锂分子激活赶到负极，存储在石墨碳结构的空隙里，驱赶的锂分子越多，存储的能量就越大；放电时，把负极里的锂离子赶到正极，锂离子又变成了原有正极材料里的锂分子，如此循环往复，实现电池的充放电。
其中，隔离膜主要是用于把电芯的正负极材料完全区隔开来，一旦正负极直接接触，就会发生电池内部短路，从而带来一定的安全隐患，因此隔离膜不能太薄，太薄很容易导致隔离膜损坏。但是，随着消费者对终端设备的更高要求，例如，要求移动终端轻薄、屏幕大以及续航能力强，使得生产厂商开始寻求能量密度更高的电池。例如，通过填充更多的正负极材料来提高电池的能量密度，但是在相同体积下，填充的正负极材料越多，隔离膜就会越来越薄，而电池受到外部撞击等损伤时就很容易导致隔离膜损坏，很可能引起短路。
作为一种示例，当电池受到外界机械损伤例如挤压损伤、跌落损伤、刺破损伤时，由于隔离膜很薄，很容易导致隔离膜损坏而引起正负极间的短路，即所谓的电池内部发生短路，在短路的瞬间，电池电压会被瞬间拉低，主要原因是电池内部形成了一个局部的内短路点，电池损伤程度越高，电压被拉低的越严重。同时，短路点发热比较严重，会导致短路点的温度明显高于电池其他区域的温度。
作为另一种示例，在终端设备例如手机的使用过程中，经常会出现终端用户或非授权单位对手机进行私拆现象，而在私拆手机时因拆装手法的不规范，很可能就会对电池造成一定的损伤，从而也会导致隔离膜损坏而引起正负极间的短路。
通常，特别严重的损伤，电池内部短路面积较大，在损伤点会持续发热，直至电池电压降低至0V，如果电池电压较高，电池甚至会起火、燃烧；轻微的损伤，电池内部短路面积较小，在短路点形成短路电流，由于短路电流较大，在短路点产生较大的热量，温度变高，会熔断短路点，因此电池电压又会回复到初始状态，这时电池可能与正常电池一样，可以被正常使用，但此时的电池已经存在安全隐患，在后期的使用过程中可能会随时被触发内短路，具体可如图1所示。而电池在受到外界机械损伤时，大多都是轻微损伤，这样引起内部短路的时间很短暂，并且电池内部短路很快又会恢复原状，但此时隔离膜已经局部损坏，因此，这种电池异常一般很难监控到，而这种电池异常的存在又会给终端设备带来一定的安全隐患。
作为又一种示例，在电池充放电过程中，锂离子可能在正负极产生堆积，产生堆积的时候，它会像我们看到很多东西生成晶体一样，产生一种晶枝，该晶枝会慢慢变长，在这个过程中，可能刺穿隔离膜导致电池内部短路发生，而上述一种示例中描述的由于电池受到外界机械损伤引起电池内部短暂短路后又恢复原状的情况，在这时表现的更为明显，即更容易导致电池内部短路再次发生。
一旦短路发生，在电池使用过程中，电芯内部将会产生大量的热，该热量会使电芯内部的电解液产生气化，当热量产生过快时，气化过程就会很快，电芯内部气压就会增大，当气压达到一定程度时，外壳的强度承受不了，外壳就会崩裂，引起爆炸，当遇到明火时还会发生电池起火。
另外，除了能量密度越来越高，使得隔离膜越来越薄，导致隔离膜易损坏，进而导致安全事故发生之外，快充也是电池存在安全隐患的主要原因之一。
所谓快充，顾名思义，就是对二次可充放电池的快速充电的过程。举例来说，电池的充电过程可包括涓流充电阶段、恒流充电阶段和恒压充电阶段中的一个或者多个。在涓流充电阶段，可利用电流反馈环使得在涓流充电阶段进入到电池的电流满足电池所预期的充电电流大小(譬如第一充电电流)，例如，当电压低于3.0V时，采用100mA的充电电流对 电池进行预充电。在恒流充电阶段，可利用电流反馈环使得在恒流充电阶段进入电池的电流满足电池所预期的充电电流大小(譬如第二充电电流，该第二充电电流可大于第一充电电流)，例如，根据不同的电池该充电电流可以从0.1C到几C不等，其中C是指电池容量。通常在这个阶段，标准充电是采用0.1C的充电电流进行充电，而快速充电就是指在这个阶段用大于0.1C的电流进行充电，以在短时间内完成充电。在恒压充电阶段，可利用电压反馈环使得在恒压充电阶段加载到电池两端的电压满足电池所预期的充电电压大小，例如，当电池电压等于4.2V时，进入恒压充电阶段，这个阶段的充电电压恒定为4.2V，当电池逐渐充满时，充电电流会越来越小，当充电电流小于100mA时，即可判断电池充满。
其中，在恒流充电阶段，由于充电电流比较大，如充电电流可以为0.2C～0.8C，有的甚至可达到1C，并且电池的充电过程是一个电化学反应的过程，必然伴随着热量的产生，并且充电电流越大，短时间内产生的热量越多，当隔离膜出现过损伤时，很容易导致正负极短路，一旦短路发生，产生的热量就会更多，电解液发生气化，电芯内部气压增大，当气压达到一定程度时，外壳的强度承受不了，外壳就会崩裂，引起爆炸，当遇到明火时还会发生电池起火。
也就是说，一旦电池发生过内部短路的现象，就说明电池是存在异常的，此时电池也就存在一定的安全隐患，在使用过程中就可能引起安全事故发生。
因此，为了能够有效监测电池是否受到损伤，防止电池存在安全隐患，进而防止安全事故发生，本申请针对电池是否出现异常提出了有效的安全监控方法，从而可以监控是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件。
下面参照附图来描述根据本发明实施例提出的终端设备的电池安全监控方法、终端设备的电池安全监控系统以及终端设备。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中所使用到的“终端设备”可包括，但不限于被设置成经由有线线路连接(如经由公共交换电话网络(PSTN)、数字用户线路(DSL)、数字电缆、直接电缆连接，以及/或另一数据连接/网络)和/或经由(例如，针对蜂窝网络、无线局域网(WLAN)、诸如DVB-H网络的数字电视网络、卫星网络、AM-FM广播发送器，以及/或另一通信终端的)无线接口接收/发送通信信号的装置。被设置成通过无线接口通信的终端可以被称为“无线通信终端”、“无线终端”以及/或“移动终端”。移动终端的示例包括，但不限于卫星或蜂窝电话；可以组合蜂窝无线电电话与数据处理、传真以及数据通信能力的个人通信系统(PCS)终端；可以包括无线电电话、寻呼机、因特网/内联网接入、Web浏览器、记事簿、日历以及/或全球定位系统(GPS)接收器的PDA；以及常规膝上型和/或掌上型接收器或包括无线电电话收发器的其它电子装置。
图2为根据本发明实施例的终端设备的电池安全监控方法的流程图。如图2所示，该 终端设备的电池安全监控方法可包括以下步骤：
S1，获取终端设备的电池状态信息，其中，电池状态信息包括终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息、电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域、电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间、电池充放电时的容量变化信息、电池充电完成后的电压下降速率中的至少两种。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图3所示，可在电池的整个生命周期内进行异常监控，例如，在电池受损前，通过获取终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息来判断电池连接器与主板之间的断开是否为私拆断开；在电池受损时，通过监控电池是否出现电压跳变和通过检测电池表面温度来判断电池当前是否收到损伤而存在异常；在电池充电过程中，通过监控电池在恒压充电阶段的持续时间来判断电池是否存在异常；在电池充电完成后，通过监测电池在预设时间段内的电压下降速率来判断电池是否存在异常；在电池使用过程中，例如充放电时，通过监测电池的容量变化情况来判断电池是否存在异常。
因此，在本发明的实施例中，可全方位地对电池进行异常监控，并根据监控到的电池状态信息来判断是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，以及在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时，直接关断电池供电回路或者控制终端设备处于关机状态。
S2，根据终端设备的电池状态信息判断终端设备是否满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述预设的电池存在安全隐患条件包括以下任意两项：
(1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
(2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
(3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
(4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
(5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
S3，如果满足，则控制终端设备处于关机状态或关断电池供电回路，实现有效的安全防护。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时，生成断电状态位信息，并将所述断电状态位信息作为所述断电信息，其中，如果所述断电状态位信息未被复位或者未被标记，则判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开。
具体地，电池连接器与主板之间的断开是否为私拆断开的判断流程为：
首先，获取终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息，其中，可通过检测电池连接器是否与主板断开的检测电路来对断开行为进行检测。
在本发明的一个实施例中，电池连接器为BTB(Board to Board，板对板)连接器，该BTB连接器可包括金属压板。可通过BTB连接器的金属压板对上述检测电路进行短接，这样在金属压板被取下或切断时，该检测电路由短接状态变化为开路状态。由此，可在检测电路变化为开路状态时判断金属压板被取下或切断，并进一步判断电池连接器与主板断开。
通常终端设备如手机可包括金属机壳，该金属机壳可通过粘贴或焊接等方式与终端设备的本体进行连接固定。一般地，由于电池内置于终端设备中，在没有拆卸电池的操作时，该金属机壳是不会被取下的。因此，还可通过金属机壳对上述检测电路进行短接，这样在金属机壳被取下时，该检测电路由短接状态变化为开路状态。由此，可在检测电路变化为开路状态时判断金属机壳被取下，并进一步判断电池连接器与主板断开。
上述的检测电路还可与主板上的CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理器)相连，当该检测电路检测到终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时，CPU可控制其状态寄存器生成断电状态位信息，并将该断电状态位信息作为断电信息。
其次，根据断电信息判断电池连接器与主板之间的断开是否为私拆断开。
应当理解，电池连接器与主板之间断开的情况，可能为售后断开，例如由授权单位进行专业的维修或检测时对电池进行拆卸而导致的，也可能为私拆断开，例如由终端用户或非授权单位对电池进行私自拆卸而导致的。
当授权单位对电池进行拆卸时，可通过一些操作将当前的拆卸行为标记为正常行为，例如可对断电状态位信息进行复位或标记。
举例而言，在本发明的一个实施例中，如果在终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时将断电状态位置1，授权单位在对电池进行拆卸时，可通过在CPU的运行程序中写入复位指令，以将置1的断电状态位恢复为0，或者，可通过RTC(Real-Time Clock，实时时钟)对断电状态位信息进行复位。
在本发明的一个实施例中，可通过PMIC(Power Management Integrated Circuit，电源管理集成电路)重新上电标识对断电状态位信息进行标记。
由此，可判断断电状态位信息是否被复位。如果断电状态位信息被复位，则判断电池连接器与主板之间的断开为售后断开；如果断电状态位信息未被复位，则判断电池连接器与主板之间的断开为私拆断开。
举例而言，在电池连接器与主板重新连接后，如果断电状态位仍被置1，则可判断电池连接器与主板之间的断开为私拆断开，而如果断电状态位为0，则可判断电池连接器与主板之间的断开为售后断开。
或者，可判断断电状态位信息是否被标记。如果断电状态位信息被标记，则可判断电 池连接器与主板之间的断开为售后断开；如果断电状态位信息未被标记，则可判断电池连接器与主板之间的断开为私拆断开。
举例而言，在电池连接器与主板重新连接后，如果在断电状态位信息中存在PMIC重新上电标识，则可判断电池连接器与主板之间的断开为售后断开；如果在断电状态位信息中不存在PMIC重新上电标识，则可判断电池连接器与主板之间的断开为私拆断开。
应当理解，由于授权单位具有相对规范的拆装手法，售后断开一般不会导致电池存在安全隐患。因此，当电池连接器与主板之间的断开为售后断开时，可判定终端设备处于电池安全状态。当判定终端设备处于电池安全状态时，还可控制终端设备发出电池安全的提醒信息，以便用户放心使用。
而由于终端用户或非授权单位的拆装手法不够规范，私拆断开常会导致电池损伤，例如使电池受到超过受力限值的外力冲击、电池连接器与主板重新接通后接触不良等，从而使电池存在一定的安全隐患。因此，当电池连接器与主板之间的断开为私拆断开时，可记录私拆断开信息，对私拆行为进行标记。
在本发明的一个实施例中，当电池电压出现瞬间跌落且所述电池表面的任意一个区域的温度大于其他区域的温度时，判断电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域，其中，所述电池表面分为多个区域。
具体地，可通过以下步骤进行判断：
S11，实时获取终端设备的电池电压，并实时获取终端设备的电池表面每个区域的温度，其中，电池表面分为多个区域。
其中，可采用热电阻或热电偶的温度检测技术对电池表面每个区域的温度进行检测，而采用热电阻或热电偶的温度检测技术，容易实现集成，方便在小型或便携式设备中实现温度检测。
具体而言，可将电池表面分为若干区域，每个区域放置一个温度感应探头，通过温度感应探头实时检测各个区域的温度。即言，根据本发明的一个实施例，通过每个区域对应设置的温度感应探头获取每个区域的温度。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图4所示，多个区域呈阵列设置，例如区域1至区域9呈3*3的阵列。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，为了降低温度检测方案的复杂度，还可以将温度感应探头只设置于电池容易损伤的部位，例如电池角部区域、头部区域和尾部区域，具体如图5所示。也就是说，多个区域可包括电池角部区域、头部区域和尾部区域。
S12，根据实时获取的电池电压判断终端设备的电池是否发生电压突变现象，并根据每个区域的温度判断电池表面是否存在温度异常区域。
其中，可通过搭建差分放大电路，来实时检测电池电压。作为一个示例，差分放大电路可如图6所示，其可包括电阻R1和R2、电容C1、差分放大器X1，其中，电阻R2的一端连接到电池的正极，电阻R2的另一端连接到差分放大器的负输入端，电阻R1和电容C1组成RC稳压滤波电路，电阻R1的一端连接到差分放大器X1的负输入端，电阻R1的另一端接地，电容C1与电阻R1并联，差分放大器X1的正输入端也连接到电池的正极。通过差分放大电路可以实现对电池电压的实时监测，并根据差分放大电路的输出信号判断电池电压是否发生突变。
可以理解的是，差分放大器X1的负输入端对地连接一个电容C1，在电池电压发生突变时，由于电容的存在，差分放大器X1的负输入端电压会维持一定时间不变，而差分放大器X1的正输入端电压会直接跳变，差分放大器X1的输出发生翻转，从而可以通过监测差分放大器X1的输出信号来判断电池是否发生电压突变现象。
需要说明的是，在本发明其他的实施例中，还可以通过其他电压检测电路来实时检测电池电压，从而实现对电池电压的实时监测。而对电池的电压进行检测的电路有多种实现方式，为本领域技术人员所熟知，这里就不再详细赘述。
并且，可通过判断多个区域的温度中是否存在某个区域的温度高于其他区域的温度来判断电池表面是否存在温度异常区域，也可通过判断多个区域的温度中是否存在某个区域的温度高于预设的温度阈值来判断电池表面是否存在温度异常区域。例如，当检测到某个区域的温度高于其他区域的温度时，可认定该区域是温度异常区域，表示电池表面存在温度异常区域。
其中，通过各个区域的温度进行比较，也可以避免外界温度对检测结果产生的干扰，提高检测精度。
S13，如果电池发生电压突变现象、且电池表面存在温度异常区域，则判断电池当前发生异常。
在本发明的实施例中，发明人经过大量测试和实验发现，电池在正常使用过程中，其电压相对比较稳定，电池表面的温度也相对比较均衡，但是，一旦电池受到外界机械损伤例如跌落、撞击、挤压、刺破等，此时电池电压就会出现突变现象，同时伴随着局部温度较高现象。因此，本发明实施例的终端设备的电池安全监控方法，通过监测电池电压是否发生电压突变现象和电池表面是否存在温度异常区域，来监控电池当前是否受到损伤，一旦监测到电池电压发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域，则说明电池此时受到损伤，发生内部短路，并判断电池当前发生异常，存在一定的安全隐患。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当所述电池处于空载状况或轻载状况时，如果所述电池发生电压突变现象、且所述电池表面存在温度异常区域，则判断所述电池当前发生异常。
其中，电池处于空载状况，是指电池当前没有放电，没有电池耗电流，例如终端设备处于关机状态。电池处于轻载状况，是指电池当前耗电流大概在5mA-6mA左右，电池耗电流很小，例如终端设备处于待机状态、或者系统负载很小的状态。
在电池处于空载状况或轻载状况时，监测电池电压是否发生电压突变现象和电池表面是否存在温度异常区域，能够滤除因系统负载突变引起的电压瞬间跌落和电池表面温度升高的干扰，提高了检测精度。
进一步地，根据实时获取的电池电压判断所述终端设备的电池是否发生电压突变现象，包括：根据实时获取的电池电压判断所述电池是否出现电压瞬间跌落；如果所述电池出现电压瞬间跌落，则判断所述电池发生电压突变现象。
其中，当所述电池电压在预设时间内降低的幅度大于等于预设值时，判断所述电池出现电压瞬间跌落。
具体地，在本发明的一个示例中，当所述电池处于空载状况或轻载状况时，所述预设值大于等于10mV，例如可以为150-400mV。
具体而言，电池损伤过程中的电压监控如图7所示。其中，曲线1表示电池轻微损伤时的电压变化曲线，曲线2表示电池严重损伤时的电压变化曲线，曲线3表示电池正常未收到损伤时的电压变化曲线。从曲线1可知，电池轻微损伤时电池电压瞬间从3.8V跳变到3.63V后又恢复到3.8V左右，从曲线2可知，电池严重损伤时电池电压瞬间从3.8V跳变到3.51V后又恢复到将近3.8V，从曲线3可知，电池正常未收到损伤时电池电压基本稳定在3.8V不变，因此，对比曲线1、曲线2和曲线3可知，一旦电池受到外界机械损伤例如跌落、撞击、挤压、刺破等，此时电池电压就会出现突变现象，即出现瞬间跌落，并且根据受损程度的不同，电压跌落的幅度也不同。
根据本发明的一个实施例，获取充放电容量差值，包括：获取所述电池从第一SOC值充电至第二SOC值时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二SOC值放电至所述第一SOC值时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值；或者获取所述电池从第一电压充电至第二电压时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二电压放电至所述第一电压时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值。
具体地，首先，获取终端设备的电池在充放电过程中的充电容量信息和放电容量信息。
在本发明的实施例中，可以在终端设备中设置特定的电量检测电路、程序或厂家指定的独立电池安全监控APP，进而通过终端设备中特定的电量检测电路、程序或APP检测终端设备电池充放电过程中电池容量的变化情况。例如，终端设备中可以安装有检测电池容量的电池安全监控APP，可以设置该APP检测电池在两个特定SOC值或电压值之间进行充 放电时，对应的充电容量和放电容量。
可选地，终端设备可以但不限于是智能手机、平板电脑、掌上阅读器等，终端设备的电池可以是锂电池。
其次，根据充电容量信息和放电容量信息获取电池充放电时的容量变化情况。
例如，可以获取电池从第一SOC值充电至第二SOC值时的充电容量，并获取电池从第二SOC值放电至第一SOC值时的放电容量，以便根据充电容量和放电容量获取充放电容量差值。作为一个示例，对于2910mAh/4.4V电池，设置第一SOC值为0.3，第二SOC值为0.9，如果电池从第一SOC值充电至第二SOC值时的充电容量为1790mAh，电池从第二SOC值放电至第一SOC值时的放电容量为1776mAh，充放电容量差值为14mAh。还可以获取电池从第一电压充电至第二电压时的充电容量，并获取电池从第二电压放电至第一电压时的放电容量，以便根据充电容量和放电容量获取充放电容量差值。作为一个示例，对于2910mAh/4.4V电池，设置第一电压为3.7V，第二电压为4.2V，如果电池从第3.7V充电至4.2V时的充电容量为2985mAh，电池从4.2V放电至3.7V时的放电容量为2980mAh，充放电容量差值为5mAh。
需要说明的是，上述电池从第一SOC值充电至第二SOC值，以及电池从第二SOC值放电至第一SOC值，或者，电池从第一电压充电至第二电压，以及电池从第二电压放电至第一电压是电池连续的一次充电放电过程。可以理解，也可以检测电池连续的一次放电充电过程，即先获取电池从第二SOC值放电至第一SOC值时的放电容量，再获取电池从第一SOC值充电至第二SOC值时的充电容量，或先获取电池从第二电压放电至第一电压时的放电容量，再获取电池从第一电压放电至第二电压时的重电容量，进而计算两者之间的差值。
再次，根据电池充放电时的容量变化情况判断电池是否存在异常。
具体地，判断充放电容量差值是否处于预设的容量区间，如果充放电容量差值处于预设的容量区间，则判断电池处于正常状态；如果充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间，则判断电池存在异常。
其中，预设的容量区间可以是0～20mAh，其可预先存储在终端设备的存储器中，以在需要时进行调用。
例如，充放电容量差值14mAh处于预设的容量区间0～20mAh，此时可判断电池处于正常状态；如果终端设备跌落后，APP检测到的充放电容量差值为200mAh，不处于预设的容量区间0～20mAh，则可以判断终端设备中的电池存在异常。
由此，通过检测电池充电容量和放电容量的差值来预判电池是否存在异常，并在电池存在异常时，可控制终端设备发出电池存在异常的提醒信息，以提醒用户及时处理存在安全异常的电池，从而提前规避可能出现的安全类事故。
在本发明的一些实施例中，还可以获取终端设备的电池在充放电过程中，某时间段内两个时刻的电池容量。例如，电池在充电时，在T时刻获取电池容量M，在T+t时刻再次获取电池容量N，如果经时间t后，电池容量的变化值即N-M不处于预设的容量区间，则可以判断电池存在异常。
需要说明的是，时间t与预设的容量区间之间可以存在对应关系，该对应关系可以预先存储在存储器中，以在需要时进行调用。
具体地，在室内常温环境下，以15个规格为2910mAh/4.4V的电池样品BLP627(每个电池样品通过各自的电池条码进行区别)为测试对象，根据电池样品跌落前后的容量变化、充放电容量变化进行电池安全测试。测试数据如下表1；
表1
Figure PCTCN2017099131-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017099131-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2017099131-appb-000003
需要说明的是，表1中电池跌落后无电压的数据，属于明显异常，不需要测试即可直接剔除掉的样品数据，不作为比对的参考数据。例如，1号、3号、7号、8号、11号、14号电池跌落后，无法检测放电容量，即电池存在明显异常，因此不将其作为比对的参考数据。
如表1所示，以2号、5号电池为例说明测试原理：2号电池跌落前，容量为2984mAh，充放电容量差为5mAh，跌落后，容量为2967mAh，充放电容量差为3mAh，可见，电池跌落前后的容量差为17mAh，处于预设的容量区间0～20mAh，跌落后的充放电容量差为3mAh，也处于预设的容量区间0～20mAh，说明2号电池处于正常状态。5号电池跌落前，容量为2986mAh，电池充放电容量差为9mAh，跌落后，FPC(Flexible Printed Circuit，柔性电路板)损坏，容量为2960mAh，充放电容量差为27mAh，可见，电池跌落前后的容量差为26mAh，不处于预设的容量区间0～20mAh，且电池跌落后充放电容量差为27mAh，也不处于预设的容量区间0～20mAh，说明5号电池存在异常。
由此可得，电池跌落受损后，其充放电的容量值均会出现较大的变化，且变化程度随受损伤情况而变。且受损程度越大，电池的充放电容量值变化越大，即言，可以通过检测电池充放电容量变化情况判断电池是否存在异常。
根据本发明的一个实施例，通过电池充电完成后的电压下降速率判断电池是否存在异常的步骤如下：
S21，当终端设备处于低功耗状态时，获取终端设备的电池在预设时间段内的电压下降速率。
在本实施例中，低功耗状态包括终端设备处于充满电且与充电器保持连接的状态。其中，终端设备处于充满电且与充电器保持连接的状态是指当前终端设备中的电池已经充满电，并且充电器与终端设备仍处于连接状态，此时即使终端设备的后台程序不关闭也可以对电池进行安全检测，其原因是，当终端设备的显示屏点亮和/或应用程序处于开启状态时，由于充电器一直处于连接状态，终端设备的功耗将完全由充电器提供。
其中，在对终端设备中的电池进行异常检测时，先获取终端设备的电池在预设时间段内的电压下降速率，然后根据电池在预设时间段内的电压下降速率判断电池是否存在安全隐患。
具体地，获取终端设备的电池在预设时间段内的电压下降速率，包括：在终端设备进 入低功耗状态且持续第一预设时间后，每隔第二预设时间获取电池的电压；根据每隔第二预设时间检测到的电池的电压计算电压下降速率。
举例来说，先将充电器插入待测移动终端（如手机），然后开始对移动终端进行充电，在移动终端充满电后，在不拔充电器的条件下开始观测移动终端中电池电压回落情况，记录数据如表2所示，然后根据表2中数据观察不拔充电器的条件下主板耗电对电池电压的影响。
表2
Figure PCTCN2017099131-appb-000004
其中，电池的额定容量为2750mAh，额定电压为4.35V。1#、2#、3#、…、10#表示10个不同的测试样本。
从上述表2中可以看出，在不拔充电器的条件下，当移动终端中的电池处于正常状态时，电池的电压在充满电静置一段时间（如第一预设时间1h）后，在指定的时间（如第二预设时间10min）内，电池的电压的变化量可保持在1mV以内。
然后选用新的电池，并将该电池充电至一半的电量，并按照每轮10次（6角4面）从1.8米高空进行多轮循环跌落，并且每次跌落完，利用红外热成像仪确认电池的发热情况，直到观察到电池的局部温度有5℃以上的温差变化时，终止跌落，然后将电池放入移动终端中并充满电，并且在不拔充电器的条件下开始观测跌落后电池电压回落情况，如表3所示。
表3
Figure PCTCN2017099131-appb-000005
其中，电池的额定容量为2980mAh，额定电压为4.35V。1#、2#、3#、…、10#表示10个不同的测试样本。并且，4#、5#测试样本在跌落实验后，电池持续发热明显，并且电池电压仅能达到4V左右，充不上去。
从上述表3中可以看出，在电池跌落损伤后，在不拔充电器的条件下，电池的电压在充满电静置一段时间(如第一预设时间1h)后，在指定的时间(如第二预设时间10min)内，电池的电压的变化量相对明显，因此根据电池电压的变化情况可以高概率的检测出电池是否处于异常状态。
作为一种示例，当终端设备处于充满电且与充电器保持连接的状态，并且延时第一预设时间(如1h)后，与发明相关的应用程序开始每隔第二预设时间t2(如10min)通过充电IC中的电压反馈模块对电池的电压进行检测，如在t1时刻检测的电池的电压为V1，延时t2时间后，检测的电池的电压为V2，然后根据V1、V2和t2计算出电池的电压下降速率△V＝(V1-V2)/t2，然后根据电池在预设时间段内的电压下降速率判断电池是否存在异常。
S22，根据电池在预设时间段内的电压下降速率判断电池是否存在异常。
具体地，根据电池在预设时间段内的电压下降速率判断电池是否存在异常：判断电压下降速率是否大于等于预设速率；如果电压下降速率小于预设速率，则判断电池处于正常状态；如果电压下降速率大于等于预设速率，则判断电池存在异常。
举例来说，根据表2和表3的测试结果，可以将预设速率设置为1mV，从而可以将电池出现异常的绝大部分情况检测出来。例如，当终端设备处于低功耗状态时，延时第一预设时间(如1h)后，获取一次电池的电压，记为V1，延时第二预设时间(如10min)后， 再次获取电池的电压，记为V2，然后根据V1、V2和t2计算出电池的电压下降速率△V＝(V1-V2)/t2，并对其进行判断，如果△V小于1mV，则判断电池处于正常状态；如果△V大于等于1mV，则判断电池存在异常。但是，仅通过一次的检测来判断电池是否存在异常的误判率比较高，所以为了提高判断的准确度，采用多次判断方式，例如，当连续3次或者3次以上判断电池的下降速率△V均小于1mV，则判断电池处于正常状态；否则，判断电池存在异常。
当电池受到外界机械损伤(例如挤压损伤、跌落损伤、刺破等)时，电池内部会发生内短路。由于内短路的出现，受损电池在充电过程中同时存在一定的漏电流，由于恒压充电阶段的充电电流较小，因此，在恒压充电阶段，受损电池的充电时间会显著增加。
根据本发明的一个实施例，通过在恒压充电阶段的持续时间判断电池是否存在异常的步骤包括：
S31，获取电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间。
在终端设备的充电过程中，一般包括涓流充电阶段、恒流充电阶段和恒压充电阶段。其中，在恒压充电阶段，可利用电压反馈环使得在恒压充电阶段加载到电池两端的电压满足电池所预期的充电电压大小，例如，如图8所示，当电池电压等于4.35V时，进入恒压充电阶段，这个阶段的充电电压恒定为4.35V，当电池逐渐充满时，充电电流会越来越小，当充电电流小于预设的截止充电电流例如100mA时，即可判断电池充满。
在恒压充电阶段，如果电池因受损存在异常时，电池内部会产生局部内短路，由于内短路的出现，受损电池在恒压充电阶段同时存在一定的漏电流，并且由于恒压充电阶段的充电电流较小，因此，在恒压充电阶段，受损电池的充电时间会显著增加，具体如图8所示。
S32，判断持续时间是否大于等于预设时间。
S33，如果持续时间大于等于预设时间，则判断终端设备的电池存在异常。
因此，在终端设备的充电过程中，通过监控电池在恒压充电阶段的持续时间来判断电池是否因内部短路而存在自身耗电流，从而可以精确识别到电池是否存在异常。
进一步地，当所述终端设备处于低功耗状态时，获取所述持续时间。即言，在终端设备处于低功耗状态时，终端设备耗电流很小，不会对异常电池的短路漏电流造成干扰，从而可以提高检测准确性。
在本发明的实施例中，低功耗状态可包括黑屏待机状态、关机状态，即电池处于轻载或空载状况。其中，电池处于空载状况，是指电池当前没有放电，没有电池外部耗电流(不包括电池内部短路引起的自身耗电流)，例如终端设备处于关机状态。电池处于轻载状况，是指电池当前耗电流大概在5mA-6mA左右，电池耗电流很小，例如终端设备处于待机状 态、或者系统负载很小的状态。
进一步需要说明的是，黑屏待机状态是指终端设备的显示屏处于熄灭状态，并且后台所有应用程序均关闭，仅保留与本发明相关的应用程序处于开启状态。也就是说，在对电池进行安全监控时，让终端设备处于一种几乎无功耗的状态下，这样获取的持续时间更为准确，可以避免显示屏或者应用程序耗电而导致检测不准确的问题。
作为一个示例，在对电池充电的过程中，开始可对电池进行涓流充电，然后再对电池进行恒流充电和恒压充电，其中，当充电电压达到如4.35V时，进入恒压充电阶段。在恒压充电阶段，充电电压恒定为4.35V，当电池逐渐充满时，充电电流会越来越小，当充电电流小于预设的截止充电电流例如100mA时，即可判断电池充满，获取电池进入恒压充电阶段的持续时间。
其中，如果电池受到损伤而存在异常，受损电池由于自身存在一定的短路自耗电流，因此，电池进入恒压充电阶段的持续时间会变长，这样通过判断持续时间的长短就可以识别到电池是否存在异常。
在本发明的实施例中，可通过减小预设的截止充电电流来提高检测准确性，即言，预设的截止充电电流越接近电池内部的短路漏电流，越容易识别出电池是否因损伤而存在异常。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当以下条件中的任意一项满足时，在所述电池的充电过程中，对所述电池的充电电流和充电电压进行限制，并控制所述终端设备发出电池存在异常的提醒信息：
(1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
(2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
(3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
(4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
(5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
也就是说，上述对电池状态信息进行监控时，只要监控到一个条件满足，就判断电池存在异常，然后在电池的充电过程中对电池的充电电流和充电电压进行限制，有效规避风险，提高安全性，并控制终端设备发出电池存在异常的提醒信息。
举例来说，当监测到电池存在异常时，需要对用户进行提醒。作为一种示例，如图9所示，可通过提醒信息“电池安全消息：尊敬的客户，目前您的电池由于受损而处于异常状态，为了您的安全使用，请您到***的客服网点进行检测维修，谢谢！”对用户进行提醒；作为又一种示例，在通过图9所示的提醒信息对用户进行提醒时，还可通过移动终端上的 指示灯闪烁来对用户进行提醒，例如，以较快的频率控制指示灯发出红光闪烁；作为又一种示例，还可以通过终端设备中的语音播报功能对用户进行提醒。
一般情况下，当用户看到上述提醒信息时，会及时到相应客服网点进行检测维修，但是也有些用户在看到该消息时，并不清楚问题的严重性，所以很可能将该消息进行忽略，并继续正常使用，所以此时可对用户进行多次提醒，例如，可以对用户进行至少三次提醒。而如果多次提醒后用户仍未进行处理，此时可限制终端设备的某些功能。
举例而言，通常情况下，终端设备中的应用程序的耗电量越小，在电池使用时，发热量就会小，例如仅开启聊天工具且未进行视频聊天，此时电池耗电量小，电池发热量少，电池发生危险的可能性相对较小，而当应用程序的耗电量比较大时，例如观看视频、玩游戏等，此时电池耗电量大，电池发热量大，很容易发生安全事故，因此，当判断电池存在异常时，禁止耗电量大的视频软件、游戏软件、应用程序等的使用。
另外，由于电池充电过程中也会产生热，尤其是在快充的状态下，短时间内产生的热量更多，因此在判断电池存在异常时，还禁止对电池进行快速充电，严重的情况下禁止用户对电池充电，以防止发生安全事故，并在终端设备的显示屏上显示“由于电池受损，因此禁止对电池进行充电，还请***的客服网点进行检测维修，谢谢配合！”，以对用户进行提醒。
综上所述，根据本发明实施例的终端设备的电池安全监控方法，通过获取终端设备的电池状态信息来判断终端设备是否满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件，以监控电池在整个生命周期内是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，并在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时进行有效的安全防护，避免因电池存在安全隐患而带来的安全事故，大大提高了终端设备使用时的安全性。
另外，本发明的实施例还提出了一种非临时性计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现上述的电池安全监控方法。
根据本发明实施例的非临时性计算机可读存储介质，通过执行上述的电池安全监控方法，能够监控电池在整个生命周期内是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，并在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时进行有效的安全防护，避免因电池存在安全隐患而带来的安全事故，大大提高了终端设备使用时的安全性。
图10为根据本发明实施例的终端设备的电池安全监控系统的方框示意图。如图10所示，该终端设备的电池安全监控系统100包括：获取模块110、判断模块120和安全监控模块130。
其中，获取模块110用于获取终端设备的电池状态信息，其中，所述电池状态信息包括所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息、电池发生电压突变现象且电池表 面存在温度异常区域、电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间、电池充放电时的容量变化信息、电池充电完成后的电压下降速率中的至少两种；判断模块120用于根据所述终端设备的电池状态信息判断所述终端设备是否满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件；安全监控模块130用于在所述终端设备满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件时控制所述终端设备处于关机状态或关断电池供电回路。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图3所示，可在电池的整个生命周期内进行异常监控，例如，在电池受损前，通过获取终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息来判断电池连接器与主板之间的断开是否为私拆断开；在电池受损时，通过监控电池是否出现电压跳变和通过检测电池表面温度来判断电池当前是否收到损伤而存在异常；在电池充电过程中，通过监控电池在恒压充电阶段的持续时间来判断电池是否存在异常；在电池充电完成后，通过监测电池在预设时间段内的电压下降速率来判断电池是否存在异常；在电池使用过程中，例如充放电时，通过监测电池的容量变化情况来判断电池是否存在异常。
因此，在本发明的实施例中，可全方位地对电池进行异常监控，并根据监控到的电池状态信息来判断是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，以及在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时，直接关断电池供电回路或者控制终端设备处于关机状态。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述预设的电池存在安全隐患条件包括以下任意两项：
(1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
(2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
(3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
(4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
(5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
因此，只要上述五项中的任意两项满足，就判断触发了电池存在安全隐患条件。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当以下条件中的任意一项满足时，在所述电池的充电过程中，安全监控模块130对所述电池的充电电流和充电电压进行限制，并控制所述终端设备发出电池存在异常的提醒信息：
(1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
(2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
(3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
(4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
(5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
也就是说，上述对电池状态信息进行监控时，只要监控到一个条件满足，就判断电池存在异常，然后在电池的充电过程中对电池的充电电流和充电电压进行限制，有效规避风险，提高安全性，并控制终端设备发出电池存在异常的提醒信息。
举例来说，当监测到电池存在异常时，需要对用户进行提醒。作为一种示例，如图9所示，可通过提醒信息“电池安全消息：尊敬的客户，目前您的电池由于受损而处于异常状态，为了您的安全使用，请您到***的客服网点进行检测维修，谢谢！”对用户进行提醒；作为又一种示例，在通过图9所示的提醒信息对用户进行提醒时，还可通过移动终端上的指示灯闪烁来对用户进行提醒，例如，以较快的频率控制指示灯发出红光闪烁；作为又一种示例，还可以通过终端设备中的语音播报功能对用户进行提醒。
一般情况下，当用户看到上述提醒信息时，会及时到相应客服网点进行检测维修，但是也有些用户在看到该消息时，并不清楚问题的严重性，所以很可能将该消息进行忽略，并继续正常使用，所以此时可对用户进行多次提醒，例如，可以对用户进行至少三次提醒。而如果多次提醒后用户仍未进行处理，此时可限制终端设备的某些功能，例如限制电池充电过程中的充电电压和充电电流。
根据本发明的一个实施例，上述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统还包括生成模块，用于在所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时生成断电状态位信息，并将所述断电状态位信息作为所述断电信息，判断模块120还用于判断所述断电状态位信息未被复位或者未被标记时，判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开。
应当理解，电池连接器与主板之间断开的情况，可能为售后断开，例如由授权单位进行专业的维修或检测时对电池进行拆卸而导致的，也可能为私拆断开，例如由终端用户或非授权单位对电池进行私自拆卸而导致的。
当授权单位对电池进行拆卸时，可通过一些操作将当前的拆卸行为标记为正常行为，例如可对断电状态位信息进行复位或标记。
而由于终端用户或非授权单位的拆装手法不够规范，私拆断开常会导致电池损伤，例如使电池受到超过受力限值的外力冲击、电池连接器与主板重新接通后接触不良等，从而使电池存在一定的安全隐患。因此，当电池连接器与主板之间的断开为私拆断开时，可记录私拆断开信息，对私拆行为进行标记。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当电池电压出现瞬间跌落且所述电池表面的任意一个区域的温度大于其他区域的温度时，判断模块120还用于判断电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域，其中，所述电池表面分为多个区域。
其中，可采用热电阻或热电偶的温度检测技术对电池表面每个区域的温度进行检测，而采用热电阻或热电偶的温度检测技术，容易实现集成，方便在小型或便携式设备中实现 温度检测。
具体而言，可将电池表面分为若干区域，每个区域放置一个温度感应探头，通过温度感应探头实时检测各个区域的温度。即言，根据本发明的一个实施例，通过每个区域对应设置的温度感应探头获取每个区域的温度。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图4所示，多个区域呈阵列设置，例如区域1至区域9呈3*3的阵列。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，为了降低温度检测方案的复杂度，还可以将温度感应探头只设置于电池容易损伤的部位，例如电池角部区域、头部区域和尾部区域，具体如图5所示。也就是说，多个区域可包括电池角部区域、头部区域和尾部区域。
并且，可通过判断多个区域的温度中是否存在某个区域的温度高于其他区域的温度来判断电池表面是否存在温度异常区域，也可通过判断多个区域的温度中是否存在某个区域的温度高于预设的温度阈值来判断电池表面是否存在温度异常区域。例如，当检测到某个区域的温度高于其他区域的温度时，可认定该区域是温度异常区域，表示电池表面存在温度异常区域。
根据本发明的一个实施例，获取模块110在获取充放电容量差值时，其中，获取所述电池从第一SOC值充电至第二SOC值时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二SOC值放电至所述第一SOC值时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值；或者获取所述电池从第一电压充电至第二电压时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二电压放电至所述第一电压时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值。
在本发明的实施例中，安全监控模块130可以是具有电池管理功能的电池管理器，也可以是具有电池保护功能的电池保护系统，还可以是集成电池管理功能、保护功能以及终端设备控制功能的终端设备控制系统，本发明对此并不做具体限定。
根据本发明实施例的终端设备的电池安全监控系统，通过获取模块获取终端设备的电池状态信息，并且判断模块根据电池状态信息判断终端设备是否满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件，以及安全监控模块在终端设备满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件时控制终端设备处于关机状态或关断电池供电回路，从而能够监控电池在整个生命周期内是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，并在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时进行有效的安全防护，避免因电池存在安全隐患而带来的安全事故，大大提高了终端设备使用时的安全性。
此外，如图11所示，本发明的实施例还提出了一种终端设备10，其包括上述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统100。
根据本发明实施例的终端设备，通过上述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统，能够监控 电池在整个生命周期内是否触发电池存在安全隐患条件，并在触发电池存在安全隐患条件时进行有效的安全防护，避免因电池存在安全隐患而带来的安全事故，可大大提高使用安全性。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以 硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种终端设备的电池安全监控方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    获取所述终端设备的电池状态信息，其中，所述电池状态信息包括所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息、电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域、电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间、电池充放电时的容量变化信息、电池充电完成后的电压下降速率中的至少两种；
    根据所述终端设备的电池状态信息判断所述终端设备是否满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件；
    如果满足，则控制所述终端设备处于关机状态或关断电池供电回路。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的终端设备的电池安全监控方法，其特征在于，所述预设的电池存在安全隐患条件包括以下任意两项：
    (1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
    (2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
    (3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
    (4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
    (5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的终端设备的电池安全监控方法，其特征在于，当以下条件中的任意一项满足时，在所述电池的充电过程中，对所述电池的充电电流和充电电压进行限制，并控制所述终端设备发出电池存在异常的提醒信息：
    (1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
    (2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
    (3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
    (4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
    (5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的终端设备的电池安全监控方法，其特征在于，当所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时，生成断电状态位信息，并将所述断电状态位信息作为所述断电信息，其中，如果所述断电状态位信息未被复位或者未被标记，则判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开。
  5. 如权利要求2或3所述的终端设备的电池安全监控方法，其特征在于，当电池电压 出现瞬间跌落且所述电池表面的任意一个区域的温度大于其他区域的温度时，判断电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域，其中，所述电池表面分为多个区域。
  6. 如权利要求2或3所述的终端设备的电池安全监控方法，其特征在于，获取充放电容量差值，包括：
    获取所述电池从第一SOC值充电至第二SOC值时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二SOC值放电至所述第一SOC值时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值；或者
    获取所述电池从第一电压充电至第二电压时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二电压放电至所述第一电压时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值。
  7. 一种非临时性计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，该程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池安全监控方法。
  8. 一种终端设备的电池安全监控系统，其特征在于，包括：
    获取模块，用于获取所述终端设备的电池状态信息，其中，所述电池状态信息包括所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息、电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域、电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间、电池充放电时的容量变化信息、电池充电完成后的电压下降速率中的至少两种；
    判断模块，用于根据所述终端设备的电池状态信息判断所述终端设备是否满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件；
    安全监控模块，用于在所述终端设备满足预设的电池存在安全隐患条件时控制所述终端设备处于关机状态或关断电池供电回路。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统，其特征在于，所述预设的电池存在安全隐患条件包括以下任意两项：
    (1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
    (2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
    (3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
    (4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
    (5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统，其特征在于，当以下条件中的任意一项满足时，在所述电池的充电过程中，所述安全监控模块对所述电池的充电电流和充电电压进行限制，并控制所述终端设备发出电池存在异常的提醒信息：
    (1)根据所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时的断电信息判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开；
    (2)电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域；
    (3)电池充电时在恒压充电阶段的持续时间大于等于预设时间；
    (4)根据电池充放电时的容量变化信息判断充放电容量差值未处于预设的容量区间；
    (5)电池充电完成后的电压下降速率大于等于预设速率。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统，其特征在于，还包括生成模块，用于在所述终端设备的电池连接器与主板断开时生成断电状态位信息，并将所述断电状态位信息作为所述断电信息，所述判断模块还用于判断所述断电状态位信息未被复位或者未被标记时，判断所述电池连接器与所述主板之间的断开为私拆断开。
  12. 如权利要求9或10所述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统，其特征在于，当电池电压出现瞬间跌落且所述电池表面的任意一个区域的温度大于其他区域的温度时，所述判断模块还用于判断电池发生电压突变现象且电池表面存在温度异常区域，其中，所述电池表面分为多个区域。
  13. 如权利要求9或10所述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统，其特征在于，所述获取模块在获取充放电容量差值时，其中，
    获取所述电池从第一SOC值充电至第二SOC值时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二SOC值放电至所述第一SOC值时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值；或者
    获取所述电池从第一电压充电至第二电压时的充电容量，并获取所述电池从所述第二电压放电至所述第一电压时的放电容量，以及根据所述充电容量和所述放电容量获取充放电容量差值。
  14. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求8-13中任一项所述的终端设备的电池安全监控系统。
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EP3657591A4 (en) 2020-06-03
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CN109716579B (zh) 2022-02-01
EP3657591B1 (en) 2021-07-14
US11522357B2 (en) 2022-12-06
JP6938687B2 (ja) 2021-09-22
KR102301102B1 (ko) 2021-09-10
US20200099216A1 (en) 2020-03-26
JP2020523968A (ja) 2020-08-06
EP3657591A1 (en) 2020-05-27

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