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WO2019015886A1 - Élément chauffant et procédé de fabrication d'un élément chauffant - Google Patents

Élément chauffant et procédé de fabrication d'un élément chauffant Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019015886A1
WO2019015886A1 PCT/EP2018/065614 EP2018065614W WO2019015886A1 WO 2019015886 A1 WO2019015886 A1 WO 2019015886A1 EP 2018065614 W EP2018065614 W EP 2018065614W WO 2019015886 A1 WO2019015886 A1 WO 2019015886A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating element
radiator
electrically conductive
crosslinked
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2018/065614
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Guido Bernd Finnah
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2019015886A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019015886A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating element with a radiator, which is made of an electrically conductive plastic, and with at least two electrically conductive tracks, which are spaced from each other in and / or arranged on the radiator.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing such a heating element.
  • Heating elements and methods for their production are already known from the prior art.
  • the published patent application DE 10 2012 212 798 AI discloses different electrical heating elements having an electrically conductive plastic body, the two electrical
  • Conductor tracks or lines are assigned. If the conductor tracks are energized, Joule heating occurs via the plastic between the conductor tracks. Due to the increase of the electrical resistance with the increasing heating between the conductors, the current consumption at constant voltage is regulated and the heating power of the heating element is limited. It is known, for example, to extrude two cables while maintaining a constant distance with an electrically conductive plastic material or by injection molding heating elements made of electrically conductive plastic and then add by spraying of metallic powders tracks on the surface. From the
  • the heating element according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the maximum allowable continuous operating temperature of the
  • Heating element is increased in a simple manner, without affecting thermal expansion coefficients of the plastic and the electrically conductive components in the plastic noticeably impaired.
  • the invention provides that the heating element of the heating element is crosslinked, in particular radiation-crosslinked or chemically crosslinked.
  • Radiation crosslinking splits off lateral atoms (hydrogen) or other groups and thereby forms pendant free radicals. These react under recombination with other radicals and thus cause a crosslinking of polymer chains in the plastic. As a result, the plastic is temperature-resistant and a higher continuous operating temperature is reached, resulting in further applications for the heating element. In addition, there is the positive effect that the melting point and flash point of the plastic increase by the radiation crosslinking, whereby the
  • the Schuper is crosslinked by electron or gamma rays. This is a simple and inexpensive networking of the plastic material
  • Chemical crosslinking is preferably achieved by peroxides or silanes.
  • the radiator has an electrically insulating plastic matrix with electrically conductive components.
  • the radiator is electrically conductive with plastic as a base material produced in a simple manner.
  • the heating element or the radiator has metal particles, carbon blacks, graphite and / or carbon nanotubes as electrically conductive components.
  • the conductivity of the radiator is adjustable.
  • the heating element has a specific resistance of 100 ohm cm to 0.1 ohm cm, in particular from 10 ohm cm to 1 ohm cm. This results in diverse
  • the inventive method for producing the heating element is characterized in that the radiator is crosslinked, in particular radiation crosslinked or chemically crosslinked. This results in the advantages already mentioned above.
  • the radiator by gamma or
  • the heater is preferably chemically crosslinked by means of peroxides or silanes.
  • the radiator is made of an electrically insulating plastic matrix and electrically conductive components.
  • metal particles, carbon blacks, graphite or carbon nanotubes are used as conductive components. This results in the already mentioned advantages.
  • FIG. 1 shows a heating element in a simplified sectional view and Figure 2 is a diagram for explaining the advantageous heating element.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in a simplified sectional view, a heating element 1 which has an electrically conductive heating element 2.
  • the radiator 2 is made of a electrically insulating plastic matrix 3 made, which is mixed with electrically conductive components. Particle 4 of the electrically conductive
  • the radiator 2 By the radiator 2 also two electrical conductors 5, 6 are guided, which are in contact with the radiator 2 in contact. Alternatively, these may also rest on the outside of the radiator 2. It is important that the interconnects 5, 6 are spaced from each other. If the interconnects 5, 6 acted upon by an electrical current, an electrical voltage between the two interconnects 5, 6 arises in the radiator 2 due to the electrically conductive components. Joule heating occurs between the two interconnects 5, 6 and the thus increasing electrical resistance between the two interconnects 5, 6 regulates the current consumption at a constant supply voltage, whereby the heating power of the heating element 1 is limited.
  • the radiator 2 or the plastic matrix is characterized by
  • the electrically conductive components are, for example, metal particles, carbon blacks, graphite or even carbon nanotubes.
  • the networked design of the radiator 2 ensures that the maximum permissible continuous service temperature of the heating element 1 compared to conventional heating elements fails higher, so that over a longer period or a heating is possible.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of the specific resistance w sp of the heating element 1
  • a first area I shows the previously permissible continuous temperature range for plastic heating elements.
  • a second area II indicates the permissible service temperature for the heating element 1 according to the invention. It turns out that a significant increase in the permissible continuous use temperature is achieved by the advantageous cross-linking of the plastic body 2.
  • Starting material in the test is a HDPE plastic with a resistivity of 5 ohm cm. Because the continuous heating is not limited to 80 ° C, but can be heated to 120 ° C, there is a much higher PTC effect and thus a much better control against exceeding the permissible continuous service temperature, factor 7 with networking instead of factor 2 without. The self-regulating effect is therefore significantly more pronounced in the case of the radiation-crosslinked plastic body 2.
  • the HDT / B value (maximum permissible temperature under load) of an uncrosslinked HDPE is 65 ° C.
  • the crosslinking according to the invention was used to measure an HDT / B value of 81 ° C.
  • the two dashed curves in Figure 2 also show the resistivity for two different materials, which differ in their proportion of electrically conductive fillers, wherein the
  • Matrix material is the same.
  • Another positive effect of networking is that the radiator 2 can only melt with difficulty and also the flash point increases. In the application as a heating element, this is advantageous because the plastic body are warm, but the distance to the melting point or flash point should be sufficiently large.
  • the media resistance of the heating element 2 is also important. Due to the advantageous crosslinking, the media resistance of the plastic is improved depending on the chemical pairing. While in conventional heating elements made of electrically conductive plastics between room temperature and
  • Continuous use temperature maximum resistance increases by a factor of 2 can be achieved by the radiation crosslinking and the associated higher continuous service temperature a factor of 4 to 7 can be realized.
  • the effects are particularly utilized in a range of resistivity of 100 ohm cm to 0.1 ohm cm.
  • heating elements with specific resistances w sp in the range from 10 ohm cm to 1 ohm cm can be achieved or produced by the advantageous embodiment of the heating element 1.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément chauffant (1), comprenant un corps chauffant (2) qui est fabriqué à partir d'une matière plastique électroconductrice, et au moins deux pistes conductrices (5, 6) électroconductrices, qui sont disposées à distance les unes des autres dans et/ou sur le corps chauffant (2). L'invention prévoit que le corps chauffant (2) est réticulé, en particulier est réticulé par irradiation ou est réticulé par voie chimique.
PCT/EP2018/065614 2017-07-21 2018-06-13 Élément chauffant et procédé de fabrication d'un élément chauffant Ceased WO2019015886A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017212579.9 2017-07-21
DE102017212579.9A DE102017212579A1 (de) 2017-07-21 2017-07-21 Heizelement und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Heizelements

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019015886A1 true WO2019015886A1 (fr) 2019-01-24

Family

ID=62620876

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2018/065614 Ceased WO2019015886A1 (fr) 2017-07-21 2018-06-13 Élément chauffant et procédé de fabrication d'un élément chauffant

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102017212579A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019015886A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019208177A1 (de) * 2019-06-05 2020-12-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Heizelementes, Heizelement und Verwendung des Heizelementes
DE102021124423A1 (de) 2021-09-03 2023-03-09 Oechsler Ag Heizmodul für ein Haushaltsgerät

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2746602A1 (de) * 1976-10-15 1978-07-06 Raychem Corp Leitfaehige polymermassen
US4223209A (en) * 1979-04-19 1980-09-16 Raychem Corporation Article having heating elements comprising conductive polymers capable of dimensional change
US4761541A (en) * 1984-01-23 1988-08-02 Raychem Corporation Devices comprising conductive polymer compositions
US5227946A (en) * 1981-04-02 1993-07-13 Raychem Corporation Electrical device comprising a PTC conductive polymer
EP2224784A1 (fr) * 2009-02-26 2010-09-01 tesa SE Elément de surface chauffé
DE102012212798A1 (de) 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizelement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie Verwendung des Heizelementes
US20160113065A1 (en) * 2013-05-21 2016-04-21 Heat Trace Limited Electrical heater
DE102015011141A1 (de) 2015-08-31 2017-03-02 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Kunststoffheizelement

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2746602A1 (de) * 1976-10-15 1978-07-06 Raychem Corp Leitfaehige polymermassen
US4223209A (en) * 1979-04-19 1980-09-16 Raychem Corporation Article having heating elements comprising conductive polymers capable of dimensional change
US5227946A (en) * 1981-04-02 1993-07-13 Raychem Corporation Electrical device comprising a PTC conductive polymer
US4761541A (en) * 1984-01-23 1988-08-02 Raychem Corporation Devices comprising conductive polymer compositions
EP2224784A1 (fr) * 2009-02-26 2010-09-01 tesa SE Elément de surface chauffé
DE102012212798A1 (de) 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizelement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie Verwendung des Heizelementes
US20160113065A1 (en) * 2013-05-21 2016-04-21 Heat Trace Limited Electrical heater
DE102015011141A1 (de) 2015-08-31 2017-03-02 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Kunststoffheizelement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102017212579A1 (de) 2019-01-24

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