WO2019009560A1 - Électrode et accumulateur au lithium la comprenant - Google Patents
Électrode et accumulateur au lithium la comprenant Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019009560A1 WO2019009560A1 PCT/KR2018/007263 KR2018007263W WO2019009560A1 WO 2019009560 A1 WO2019009560 A1 WO 2019009560A1 KR 2018007263 W KR2018007263 W KR 2018007263W WO 2019009560 A1 WO2019009560 A1 WO 2019009560A1
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- electrode
- pore
- active material
- lithium
- sulfur
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode for improving capacity and reactivity of a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
- a negative electrode mainly comprising a lithium metal negative electrode or a lithium metal provides an opportunity to construct a battery which is lighter and has a higher energy density than a battery such as a lithium ion, a nickel metal hydride or a nickel-cadmium battery.
- Cathode active materials for lithium batteries of this type are known and include sulfur-containing cathode active materials containing sulfur-sulfur bonds and are used for electrochemical cleavage (reduction) and reforming (oxidation) of sulfur- Rechargeability is achieved.
- the lithium-sulfur battery using lithium and alkali metal as the anode active material and sulfur as the cathode active material has a theoretical energy density of 2,800 Wh / kg and a theoretical capacity of sulfur of 1,675 mAh / g, which is much higher than other battery systems , Hwang has attracted attention as a portable electronic device because of its advantage that it is abundant in resources, cheaper, and environmentally friendly.
- noble metal catalysts such as platinum are expensive, they are not only difficult to commercialize, but also have potential to be poisoned by the redox reaction of sulfur in charge and discharge processes, making it difficult to utilize them as a cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that, in addition to the electrode active material, the binder and the conductive material, the microporous carbon particles are also added to the electrodes, It was confirmed that the reactivity and the initial capacity of the electrode were improved even under high loading.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an electrode having improved porosity.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a lithium secondary battery including the electrode having improved porosity.
- the present invention provides an electrode comprising a pore-forming additive which is porous particles having an average particle diameter (D50) of 1 ⁇ or more.
- the porosity of the pores contained in the porous particles may be 50 to 95%.
- the pore-forming additive may include carbon or graphite.
- the content of the pore-forming additive may be 0.5 to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the electrode.
- the electrode may have a porosity of 64% or more.
- the electrode may include an electrode active material, a binder, a conductive material, and the pore-forming additive.
- the electrode active material may be at least one selected from the group consisting of elemental sulfur (S8), sulfur-based compounds, and mixtures thereof.
- the binder may be selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber-carboxymethylcellulose (SBR-CMC), polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alkylated polyethylene oxide, crosslinked polyethylene oxide, Poly (ethyl acrylate), polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, Polyvinylidene fluoride, Polyvinylpyridine, polystyrene, derivatives thereof, blends thereof, and copolymers thereof. It is also possible to use at least one of these compounds.
- SBR-CMC styrene-butadiene rubber-carboxymethylcellulose
- the conductive material may be a carbon-based material selected from carbon black, acetylene black, and ketjen black; And a conductive polymer selected from polyaniline, polythiophene, polyacetylene, and polypyrrole.
- the present invention also provides a lithium secondary battery comprising the electrode.
- the porosity of the electrode is increased by the pore-forming additive, so that the reactivity of the electrode is excellent even under high loading and the initial capacity is improved.
- an electrode having increased porosity by the pore-forming additive of the present invention When an electrode having increased porosity by the pore-forming additive of the present invention is applied as a positive electrode of a lithium-sulfur battery, a sufficient amount of an electrolyte solution is supported in pores included in the positive electrode to produce a discharge product
- the polysulfide can be efficiently removed, and the lifetime characteristics of the lithium secondary battery including the lithium-sulfur battery can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of charging / discharging tests of the lithium-sulfur battery produced in Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of charging / discharging tests of the lithium-sulfur battery produced in Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of charge-discharge experiments of the lithium-sulfur battery produced in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of charge-discharge experiments of the lithium-sulfur battery produced in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1.
- the present invention relates to an electrode having high reactivity and high initial capacity even under high loading.
- the electrode of the present invention includes a pore-forming additive having an average particle diameter (D50) of 1 ⁇ ⁇ or more.
- the shape of the pore-forming additive is not particularly limited, but may be an average particle diameter (D50) of 1 ⁇ ⁇ or more, preferably 1 ⁇ ⁇ to 20 ⁇ ⁇ . If the amount is less than the above range, the rate of increase in the degree of porosity of the electrode is insignificant, so that it is not expected to improve the reactivity and initial capacity of the electrode under high loading. Particularly, as the anode of lithium- The lifetime characteristics of the battery may be deteriorated. If the amount is larger than the above range, the particle size is excessively large, which is not suitable as an additive for electrodes.
- D50 average particle diameter
- the pore-forming additive may have an internal porosity of 50% to 95%, preferably 50% to 90%, more preferably 50% to 85%. In this way, the pore- The porosity of the electrode can be improved by the pores included in the pore-forming additive when applied to an electrode.
- the rate of increase in porosity of the electrode is insignificant, so that it is not expected to improve the reactivity and initial capacity of the electrode under high loading. Particularly, The removal efficiency may be lowered and the lifetime characteristics of the battery may be deteriorated. If the above range is exceeded, the durability of the electrode may be deteriorated.
- the pore-forming additive may be porous carbon or graphite.
- the content of the pore-forming additive may be 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 1.5 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the electrode. If the amount is less than the above range, the rate of increase in the degree of porosity of the electrode is insignificant, so that it is not expected to improve the reactivity and initial capacity of the electrode under high loading. Particularly, as the anode of lithium- The life characteristics of the battery may be deteriorated. If the above range is exceeded, the porosity of the electrode becomes excessively high, and the durability of the electrode may be deteriorated.
- the pore-forming additive may be produced by a known method for producing a porous carbon product in the art.
- the pore-forming additive may be produced by a method comprising the following steps (S1) to (S5) Can be prepared in the form of a product.
- the mold material at the (S1) step may be SiO 2.
- the carbon precursor material may be a pitch in the step (S2), and in particular, the " mesophase pitch " may be a carbonaceous material having a regular liquid crystal structure.
- the method of removing the template in the step (S5) may be performed by chemical dissociation, wherein the formed porous carbon product may be a pore-forming additive according to the present invention.
- the electrode may further include an electrode active material and a conductive material and an electrode active material or an electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive material for allowing electrons to move smoothly in the electrode.
- the electrode active material may include, without limitation, a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode active material used in a battery.
- the cathode active material may include elemental sulfur (S8), a sulfur-based compound, or a mixture thereof.
- the conductive material may be a carbon-based material such as carbon black, acetylene black, and Ketjenblack; Or a conductive polymer such as polyaniline, polythiophene, polyacetylene, and polypyrrole, and the conductive material is used in an amount of 5 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, more preferably 5 to 10% By weight based on the total weight of the composition. If the content of the conductive material is less than the above range, the effect of improving the conductivity of the conductive material is insignificant. If the content of the conductive material exceeds the above range, the content of the electrode active material becomes relatively small.
- the binder may be selected from the group consisting of poly (vinyl acetate), polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, alkylated polyethylene oxide, crosslinked polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl ether, poly (methyl methacrylate) (Trade name: Kynar), poly (ethyl acrylate), polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyridine, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, Polystyrene, derivatives thereof, blends, copolymers and the like can be used.
- the binder may be contained in an amount of 5 to 20 wt%, preferably 5 to 15 wt%, more preferably 5 to 10 wt% based on the total weight of the electrode. If the content of the binder is less than the above range, the effect of improving the adhesion between the electrode active material or between the electrode active material and the current collector may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the content of the electrode active material is less than the above range, There is a concern.
- the electrode may be prepared by a conventional method. Specifically, a composition for forming an electrode active material layer, which is prepared by mixing the electrode active material, the conductive material, and the binder in an organic solvent, is coated on the electrode current collector, And optionally rolled. At this time, the pore-forming composition may be mixed with the electrode active material, the conductive material, and the binder in an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent which can uniformly disperse the cathode active material, the binder and the conductive material, and is easily evaporated.
- Specific examples thereof include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, water and isopropyl alcohol.
- the electrode comprising the pore-forming additive according to the present invention may have a porosity of 50% or more, preferably 55% or more, and more preferably 64% or more. Or the porosity may be 64% to 80%.
- the porosity of the electrode is less than the above range, the effect of improving the reactivity and initial capacity of the electrode is insignificant. If the porosity is more than the above range, the durability of the electrode may be deteriorated.
- the present invention also relates to a lithium secondary battery comprising an electrode comprising the pore-forming additive as described above.
- the electrode can be used for both the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium secondary battery. However, when used as the positive electrode of the lithium-sulfur battery, the electrode has an effect of removing the polysulfide as a discharge product.
- the pore-forming additive includes pores such that the porosity is 50 to 95%, and the electrolyte is supported in the pores, and the polysulfide can be removed by the electrolyte in the pores.
- the present invention also relates to an electrode comprising a pore-forming agent selected from the group consisting of monomers of an unzipping polymer, a plasticizer, an organic template, and mixtures thereof.
- the pore-forming agent may be included in the active material layer of the electrode to generate a gas by a chemical reaction and simultaneously form pores to improve porosity of the electrode.
- the electrode is applied to a lithium secondary battery, particularly, a lithium sulfur battery, and exhibits a buffering effect against a change in volume of an active material due to charge and discharge, thereby improving lifetime characteristics of the lithium-sulfur battery.
- the active material in the electrode shrinks and expands as the charge and discharge proceeds.
- the pore-forming agent as described above is introduced into the electrode to exhibit the buffering effect and the electrolyte-supporting effect on the volume change of the active material.
- the electrode includes a current collector; And an active material layer formed on the current collector and including an active material, wherein the active material layer comprises S and C; And a pore-forming agent selected from the group consisting of a monomer, a plasticizer, an organic template, and a mixture thereof, of an unzipping polymer, and the active material layer may further include an active material layer such as a binder, , ≪ / RTI >
- the pore-forming agent is contained in the active material layer in an amount of 10 wt% or less, preferably 0.1 to 5 wt%, more preferably 0.1 to 2 wt%.
- the active material layer may have an additive density of 0.8 g / cc to 2.0 g / cc, preferably 0.9 to 1.6 g / cc, more preferably 1.19 to 1.3 g / cc. If the mixing density of the active material layer is less than the above range, it is not preferable due to the decrease in capacity per volume, and if it exceeds this range, the volume expansion of the active material layer increases, which is not preferable.
- the electrode for a lithium-sulfur battery including the above-described active material layer may be produced by preparing a composition for forming an active material layer containing an active material and an additive for forming pores, applying the composition for forming the active material layer to a current collector, And a step of forming an electrode for a lithium-sulfur battery.
- the size, shape, and porosity of the pores formed in the active material layer can be controlled according to the size, shape, and content of the pore-forming additive used in forming the active material layer.
- the porosity in the active material layer is less than the above range, the buffering effect due to a change in the volume of the active material is insufficient, which is undesirable. If the porosity is above the above range, electrodeconductivity decreases and capacity per volume decreases.
- the lithium secondary battery including the electrode including the pore-forming additive exhibits a buffering effect against the volume change of the active material according to the improvement of the porosity to improve the life characteristic of the lithium secondary battery.
- the pitch was carbonized at a temperature of 700 ° C to form a porous composite.
- porous composite was supported in a hydrofluoric acid bath to remove the SiO 2 template to synthesize a pore-forming additive in the form of a porous carbon product.
- the porosity of the synthesized porous carbon product is 50% or more, and the average particle diameter (D50) is 4 ⁇ ⁇ .
- Example 1 Preparation of a positive electrode and a lithium-sulfur battery containing the same
- the SBR-CMC styrene-butadiene rubber-carboxymethylcellulose 5 weight%, the carbon black 5 weight% as a conductive material, and the sulfur-carbon composite as a cathode active material were prepared in a ratio of 7: And 2% by weight of the pore-forming additive of Production Example 1 were added to water as a solvent to prepare a positive electrode slurry and then coated on an aluminum foil current collector to prepare a positive electrode by loading at 5 mAh / Respectively.
- SBR-CMC styrene-butadiene rubber-carboxymethylcellulose
- a lithium foil having a thickness of 200 ⁇ m as a cathode and an electrolyte solution containing 2 wt% of a LiNO 3 additive dissolved in 1 M LiTFSI (DME / DOL, 1: 1 volumer ratio) - Sulfur batteries were prepared.
- the SBR-CMC styrene-butadiene rubber-carboxymethylcellulose 5 weight%, the carbon black 5 weight% as a conductive material, and the sulfur-carbon composite as a cathode active material were prepared in a ratio of 7: And 5% by weight of the pore-forming additive of Production Example 1 were added to water as a solvent to prepare a positive electrode slurry and then coated on an aluminum foil current collector to prepare a positive electrode by loading at 5 mAh / Respectively.
- SBR-CMC styrene-butadiene rubber-carboxymethylcellulose
- a lithium foil having a thickness of 200 ⁇ m as a cathode and an electrolyte solution containing 2 wt% of a LiNO 3 additive dissolved in 1 M LiTFSI (DME / DOL, 1: 1 volumer ratio) - Sulfur batteries were prepared.
- a positive electrode and a lithium-sulfur battery were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no pore-forming additive was used.
- porous carbon having an average particle diameter (D50) of less than 1 ⁇ m was used in place of the pore-forming additive, but a positive electrode and a lithium-sulfur battery in which porosity improvement effect of the electrode was not obtained due to insufficient pore size .
- Example 1 The porosity of each of the prepared positive electrode prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was measured. As a result, the porosity of Comparative Example 1, which is a positive electrode containing no pore forming additive, was 56% The porosity of Example 1, which is an anode containing additives, was improved to 64%.
- the lithium-sulfur batteries of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were subjected to charge-discharge experiments.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of charge and discharge tests of the lithium-sulfur battery prepared in Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of charge- A graph showing the charge / discharge test results of the battery.
- the charging and discharging tests were performed under the condition of the voltage of 1.5-2.8 V and the condition of 0.1 C, and the experimental results in one cycle were observed. As a result, It can be seen that the lithium-sulfur battery has improved Coulombic efficiency, initial discharge capacity, and reproducibility.
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Abstract
La présente invention porte sur une électrode et un accumulateur au lithium la comprenant, la porosité de l'électrode étant accrue par un additif de formation de pores de sorte que la réactivité d'électrode à un fort de degré de charge et la capacité initiale de l'électrode pouvant être améliorée.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020518382A JP6918224B2 (ja) | 2017-07-04 | 2018-06-27 | 電極及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| CN201880039648.6A CN110800135B (zh) | 2017-07-04 | 2018-06-27 | 电极和包含所述电极的锂二次电池 |
| EP18828210.7A EP3627593A4 (fr) | 2017-07-04 | 2018-06-27 | Électrode et accumulateur au lithium la comprenant |
| US16/623,844 US11424441B2 (en) | 2017-07-04 | 2018-06-27 | Electrode and lithium secondary battery comprising same |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR20170084684 | 2017-07-04 | ||
| KR10-2017-0084684 | 2017-07-04 | ||
| KR1020180073277A KR102160710B1 (ko) | 2017-07-04 | 2018-06-26 | 전극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| KR10-2018-0073277 | 2018-06-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2019009560A1 true WO2019009560A1 (fr) | 2019-01-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/KR2018/007263 Ceased WO2019009560A1 (fr) | 2017-07-04 | 2018-06-27 | Électrode et accumulateur au lithium la comprenant |
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| WO (1) | WO2019009560A1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113812022A (zh) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-12-17 | 株式会社Lg新能源 | 锂硫二次电池 |
| JP2022528412A (ja) * | 2019-07-18 | 2022-06-10 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | リチウム-硫黄二次電池 |
| CN114631203A (zh) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-06-14 | 株式会社Lg新能源 | 锂硫电池用正极及其制造方法 |
| JP2022538822A (ja) * | 2019-09-24 | 2022-09-06 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | パターンが形成されたリチウム‐硫黄二次電池用正極、この製造方法及びこれを含むリチウム‐硫黄二次電池 |
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| JP2022528136A (ja) * | 2019-07-18 | 2022-06-08 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | リチウム-硫黄二次電池 |
| JP2022528412A (ja) * | 2019-07-18 | 2022-06-10 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | リチウム-硫黄二次電池 |
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| JP7315726B2 (ja) | 2019-09-24 | 2023-07-26 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | パターンが形成されたリチウム‐硫黄二次電池用正極、この製造方法及びこれを含むリチウム‐硫黄二次電池 |
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| JP2024177327A (ja) * | 2020-07-01 | 2024-12-19 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | リチウム‐硫黄電池用正極及びこの製造方法 |
| US12212000B2 (en) | 2020-07-01 | 2025-01-28 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Positive electrode for lithium-sulfur battery and method for manufacturing same |
| JP7631344B2 (ja) | 2020-07-01 | 2025-02-18 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | リチウム‐硫黄電池用正極及びこの製造方法 |
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