WO2019004339A1 - 肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法、肥料の製造方法及び施肥方法 - Google Patents
肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法、肥料の製造方法及び施肥方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019004339A1 WO2019004339A1 PCT/JP2018/024529 JP2018024529W WO2019004339A1 WO 2019004339 A1 WO2019004339 A1 WO 2019004339A1 JP 2018024529 W JP2018024529 W JP 2018024529W WO 2019004339 A1 WO2019004339 A1 WO 2019004339A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- slag
- steelmaking slag
- less
- mass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B5/00—Treatment of metallurgical slag ; Artificial stone from molten metallurgical slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/04—Calcareous fertilisers from blast-furnace slag or other slags containing lime or calcium silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material, a method for producing steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material, a method for producing fertilizer, and a fertilizing method.
- nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are called three elements of fertilizer, and are known to be elements required by a large amount of plants.
- calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S) are called secondary elements, and are said to be elements required by plants next to the above three elements.
- iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), boron (B), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), copper (Cu), and chlorine (Cl) are required to be contained in trace amounts by plants. being called.
- boron (B) has recently been found to be an element necessary for the formation of cell walls of plant root cells.
- the major food crops of the world's population such as rice, wheat and corn, are silicate crops that require large amounts of silicon (Si) in addition to the above elements.
- foliar application for example, the following substances are used for each element.
- Ca calcium chloride
- P potassium monophosphate
- Mg magnesium sulfate
- Fe ferrous sulfate
- Mn manganese sulfate
- B boric acid
- Si potassium silicate
- S Calcium sulfate (gypsum), magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate
- Patent Document 1 a raw material for silicic acid phosphate fertilizer recovered by dephosphorizing treatment during hot metal pretreatment of blast furnace hot metal in a steel making process, and a method for producing such raw material for silicic acid phosphate fertilizer, It has been reported.
- Patent Document 2 reports a method for producing a phosphate phosphate fertilizer using as a raw material steelmaking slag obtained from a hot metal pretreatment process of a steelmaking process.
- Patent Document 3 it is reported that the slag grains made of steelmaking slag of the iron making process have a sales increase effect of paddy rice and also have a control effect of greenhouse gas.
- Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 5 below report a hot metal pretreatment method in which a silicon removal treatment and a dephosphorization treatment are sequentially performed using one converter-type refining furnace, and in Patent Document 6 below, A method has been reported for producing siliceous fertilizer in the hot metal pretreatment step of the iron making process.
- Patent Document 7 reports a siliceous fertilizer in which the elution of silicic acid is enabled by mixing coal ash containing only unleasable silicic acid with molten stainless steel slag. There is.
- Patent Document 8 reports a method for producing a phosphoric acid-containing slag for fertilizer
- Patent Document 9 reports a method for producing a phosphate fertilizer raw material obtained from an iron making process.
- elements such as Fe, Mn, and B may run out and run short.
- aluminum is ionized to bind to phosphoric acid, resulting in aluminum phosphate, which may inhibit phosphate absorption by plant roots.
- Ca and Mg are elements necessary for root growth and photosynthesis of plants.
- Ca and Mg show alkalinity as lime and magnesia, and are the main constituent elements of the alkali component measured by the fertilizer analysis method etc., and increase the pH of the acidic soil to a pH suitable for plant cultivation. It is also an element that has the effect of improving.
- S is an element essential for biosynthesis of sulfur-containing amino acids, and is an element particularly necessary for cultivating plants of the family Liminaceae or liliaceae such as garlic, onion and green onion.
- S is an element that can be oxidized to sulfuric acid after being added to the soil to acidify the soil, or can be reduced to hydrogen sulfide to be a cause of root rot by the action of sulfate reducing bacteria. It is.
- Si is an element necessary for stably cultivating silicic acid plants such as rice, wheat and corn, and is extremely important also from the viewpoint of stable supply of food.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to prevent runoff by water flow even in acidic soils in areas with high rainfall or areas with many river ridges. It is an object of the present invention to provide a steelmaking slag for fertilizer material, a method for producing steelmaking slag for fertilizer material, a method for manufacturing fertilizer, and a fertilizing method, which can supply various elements as plant fertilizers easily and at low cost.
- the present inventors have completed the present invention by developing a method for producing slag and a method for producing the same, and a method for producing a fertilizer and a method for applying fertilizer capable of supplying each of these elements.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- Blast furnace hot metal is injected so as to be 5 or more and 0.9 or less, and at least one of manganese ore, manganese-containing decarburized slag, and ferromanganese is added to the blast furnace hot metal in the converter-type pan Quicklime and / or calcium carbonate and oxygen having an average particle size of 1 mm or less from the lance inserted into the blast furnace hot metal, and slag at 1300 ° C. or more and 1400 ° C.
- the molten slag after the dephosphorization treatment is inclined to the slag pot by tilting the converter-type pan, and then the molten slag in the slag pot can be tilted to the first heat-resistant container capable of tilting.
- the molten slag is rapidly cooled and solidified by sprinkling water in the first heat resistant container, and then the solidified slag is crushed and the first heat resistant container is tilted.
- the method of producing steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to any one of [5] to [7], wherein the solidified slag is broken down by sliding it into a second heat resistant container.
- the 2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 -3CaO ⁇ P 2 O 5 solid solution and the FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO 2 system solid solution are respectively formed by rapid cooling.
- the manufacturing method of steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials as described. [10] Pulverize the slag so that the mass ratio of particles having a particle diameter of less than 5 mm as a whole and having a particle diameter of less than 600 ⁇ m is 60% or more of the total mass, [5] to [5] The manufacturing method of steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials as described in any one of 9).
- fertilizer feedstock steel slag or [11] to a fertilizer with fertilizer which is manufactured by the manufacturing method of fertilizer according to any one of [14], pH (H 2 O) is 4 or more and 6 or less Yes, the method of fertilization is applied to soil with a value of (pH (H 2 O)-pH (KCl)) of 1 or more and effective phosphoric acid of 5 mg / 100 g or less dry soil .
- the applied amount of the fertilizer is 0.05 t / ha or more and 2 t / ha or less as the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material.
- the raw material for silicic acid phosphate fertilizer disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 has a basicity of 1.0 or more and 1.4 or more as represented by (CaO content / SiO 2 content). Because of the lower basicity of the following, it is difficult to produce an effect on acidic soils. Moreover, since the content of soluble CaO is as low as 30 mass% or less and the basicity is weak, the raw material for silicic-acid phosphate fertilizer currently disclosed by the said patent document 1 also has a weak basicity, It is hard to be effective also in acidic soil.
- Al 2 O 3 content is described that 10 mass% or less, referring to Examples, Al 2 O 3 content is 4.84 mass% or more 6 .33 mass% or less, which is a high value exceeding 4 mass%.
- a lower Al 2 O 3 content is desired because Al is a substance that easily binds to phosphate ions and is a cause of interfering with phosphorus absorption in plants.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of producing mineral phosphate phosphate fertilizer using as a raw material steelmaking slag obtained from the hot metal pretreatment process of iron making process, the method of producing steelmaking slag as a raw material of mineral phosphate phosphate fertilizer is disclosed There is no description about
- the content of ultrasoluble phosphoric acid of steelmaking slag as a raw material is 2.56% by mass or more and 2.62% by mass or less, which is a standard of mineral phosphate phosphate fertilizer It can be seen that the condition of “soluble phosphoric acid content of 3% by mass or more” can not be satisfied.
- the description regarding content of boron and manganese, and the description regarding the fertilizer effect of boron and manganese do not exist.
- Patent Document 3 describes that the content of phosphoric acid is 1.5% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, a soluble phosphoric acid (of which any proportion can effectively act on plants) There is no description as to whether it is phosphoric acid (eluting with Petermann ammonium citrate solution).
- Patent Document 3 describes that the content of CaO is 20% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less. As the reason for this content, it is shown that, in the iron making process, steelmaking slag having a CaO content of less than 20% by mass or more than 50% by mass is hardly generated.
- Patent Document 3 the slag grains consisting of steelmaking slag, that contains a SiO 2 30% by weight or less than 10 wt% are described.
- Patent Document 3 as the reason, when the amount of SiO 2 is less than 10% by mass, the amount of the released silicic acid to be eluted decreases, so that the function of generating oxygen by photosynthesis on the soil surface of the paddy field covered with water It has been shown that the effect of promoting the growth of diatoms having the above can not be expected. Further, Patent Document 3 shows that it is difficult to obtain steelmaking slag which contains more than 30% by mass of SiO 2 in the iron making process, and therefore hardly obtained.
- the content of CaO is 20% by mass to 50% by mass, and SiO 2 Content of 10% by mass to 30% by mass or less, and the basicity of the slag is 0.67 (CaO: 20% by mass, SiO 2 : 30% by mass) to 5 (CaO: 50% by mass) , SiO 2 : 10% by mass)). Since the basicity of slag is strongly related to the elution of fertilizer active ingredients such as phosphorus, iron and manganese, it is considered necessary to set the basicity suitable for the elution of these fertilizer effective elements.
- the slag grain which consists of steelmaking slag contains 3.5 mass% or more and 10 mass% or less of MnO.
- the application rate described in Patent Document 3 is 0.5 t / ha or more and 5 t / ha, and a polyvalent manganese sufficient to raise the redox potential of the paddy soil at the application rate within this range. It is assumed that the elution of If the application rate is less than the above range, it may be necessary to examine the conditions under which manganese is eluted more efficiently.
- Patent Document 3 since there is no description regarding the basicity of slag, in the range of the basicity of 0.67 to 5 assumed from the CaO content and the SiO 2 content of Patent Document 3, phosphorus and No study has been conducted on the basicity suitable for efficient elution of manganese.
- silicic acid effective for fertilizer is contained by sequentially performing desiliconization treatment and dephosphorization treatment using one converter type refining furnace. And slag containing phosphoric acid are separately collected. However, it is preferable that silicic acid and phosphoric acid be contained together as the fertilizer. Further, separately performing the desiliconization treatment and the dephosphorization treatment requires time and cost from the viewpoint of obtaining a slag which is a raw material of the fertilizer.
- patent document 4 and patent document 5 it does not disclose at all about the composition of the dephosphorization slag manufactured, and the description regarding a fertilizer does not exist, either. Therefore, it can not be judged whether the slag currently indicated by these patent documents 4 and patent documents 5 is a thing suitable for a fertilizer.
- Patent Document 4 does not disclose at all a freeboard when performing desiliconization treatment and dephosphorization treatment in order using one converter-type smelting furnace. Moreover, although the ratio of a free board is described only in the desiliconization process in patent document 5, there is no description about a free board about a dephosphorization process.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a method of producing a siliceous fertilizer in a hot metal pretreatment step of an iron making process, and adding a soluble phosphoric acid to a converter slag produced by the hot metal pretreatment, the phosphoric acid is added in 5 mass It is stated that it makes it more than%. Moreover, in patent document 6, it is described that it is 1 mass% or more and 4 mass% or less about phosphoric acid content of original slag. In addition, Patent Document 6 does not describe at all the content of boron and the fertilizer effect of boron. Moreover, in patent document 6, there is no description regarding the freeboard in the case of slag manufacture, and there is also no description regarding the collection
- Patent Document 7 discloses a siliceous fertilizer in which the elution of silicic acid is enabled by mixing coal ash containing only unleasable silicic acid with a molten stainless steel slag.
- siliceous fertilizer contains a large amount of chromium because it is a stainless steel slag. Therefore, there is a concern that the chromium content of the soil may increase if a large amount of fertilizer based on such slag is applied or applied for a long period of time.
- it is necessary to mix coal ash which causes cost increase due to the increase of operation.
- Patent Document 8 discloses a method for producing a phosphoric acid-containing slag for fertilizer, and the phosphoric acid content of the phosphoric acid-containing slag for fertilizer is set to 18.32% by mass or more.
- phosphoric acid content largely deviates from the phosphoric acid content of steelmaking slag which can be produced by hot metal pretreatment and decarburizing treatment of a normal iron making process, and hot metal pretreatment and decarburizing treatment of a normal iron making process In processing, manufacture is impossible. Therefore, a special process is required to produce such slag, which causes cost increase.
- Patent Document 9 also discloses a method for producing a phosphoric acid fertilizer raw material obtained from the iron making process, and the phosphoric acid content of the slag as the phosphoric acid fertilizer raw material is 15% by mass or more.
- phosphoric acid content largely deviates from the phosphoric acid content of steelmaking slag which can be produced by hot metal pretreatment and decarburizing treatment of a normal iron making process, and hot metal pretreatment and decarburizing treatment of a normal iron making process In processing, manufacture is impossible. Therefore, a special process is required to produce such slag, which causes cost increase.
- Dephosphorization slag As steelmaking slag generally used for a fertilizer, the dephosphorization slag which is 1 type of steelmaking slag byproduced at the hot metal pre-processing process of a steel manufacturing process can be mentioned, for example.
- Dephosphorization slag is a slag containing phosphorus, which is by-produced by blowing in a gas such as oxygen as lime or iron oxide as a phosphorus removal agent to the molten metal to remove phosphorus contained in the molten metal.
- a type of steelmaking slag A type of steelmaking slag.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the embodiment of the present invention is a kind of dephosphorization slag, but as described in detail below, when compared with the composition of a typical steelmaking slag as described above. It is characterized in that the content of P 2 O 5 and SiO 2 is high and the content of total iron is low.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the content of the dissolvable boron is also higher than the composition of a typical steelmaking slag as described above.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment is a steelmaking slag obtained by subjecting blast furnace hot metal to dephosphorizing treatment, containing Ca, P, Si, Mg, Fe. A predetermined amount of various elements such as Mn, B, S, Al, etc. is contained.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment is, in mass%, P 2 O 5 : 2% or more and 8% or less, MnO: 3% or more and 10% or less, boron: 0.005% or more 0 .05% or less, total iron: 7% or more and less than 15%, CaO: 38% or more and 48% or less, SiO 2 : 22% or more and 30% or less, sulfur: 0.1% or more and 0.6% or less, MgO: 1 % Or more and 8% or less, Al 2 O 3 : 0.5% or more and 3% or less.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials which concerns on this embodiment may contain various impurities other than the said component.
- each component which steelmaking slag for fertilizer materials concerning this embodiment contains is explained in detail.
- CaO 38% by mass or more and 48% by mass or less
- CaO is a compound showing alkalinity and has an effect on improvement of acidic soil. If the content of CaO in steelmaking slag is less than 38% by mass, the alkalinity becomes weak, and the improvement of the acidic soil becomes insufficient in the acidic soil where iron overload disease is occurring, and it is contained in steelmaking slag. Is concerned that iron may exacerbate iron overload. On the other hand, when the CaO content in the steelmaking slag exceeds 48% by mass, the CaO content is too high, so P 2 O 5 is another component contained in the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment.
- the steel-making slag used in this embodiment can be stably supplied in large quantities, and it is preferable that it is what can be produced
- the content of CaO of the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment is 38% by mass or more and 48% by mass or less.
- the content of CaO is preferably 39% by mass or more and 47% by mass or less, and more preferably 40% by mass or more and 46% by mass or less.
- the content of CaO can be measured, for example, by fluorescent X-ray analysis. Specifically, a plurality of measurement samples having known contents of CaO are prepared while changing the contents, and the fluorescence X-ray intensity derived from Ca of the measurement sample prepared by the fluorescent X-ray analyzer is measured. A calibration curve indicating the relationship between the CaO content and the fluorescent X-ray intensity is prepared in advance using the obtained Ca-derived fluorescent X-ray intensity and the content of CaO. Thereafter, for a sample whose content of CaO to be noticed is unknown, the fluorescent X-ray intensity derived from Ca is measured by a fluorescent X-ray analyzer, and the obtained fluorescent X-ray intensity and a calibration curve are used to obtain CaO. The content can be specified.
- the sample to which attention is paid is prepared in the following procedure, and fluorescent X-ray intensity is measured on the measurement conditions shown below. That is, an analysis sample is set in a vibration mill (T-100 type manufactured by Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.), and the analysis sample is pulverized into powder (apparatus conditions: grinding time 30 seconds, 1000 rpm). The milled sample is subjected to distribution using a sieve of 212 ⁇ m mesh.
- SiO 2 22 mass% or more and 30 mass% or less] Subsequently, Si will be described. Although Si is not an essential element of plants, it is a very important element for gramineaceous silicate plants such as rice, wheat and corn. Silica (SiO 2 ) accounts for about 5% of the dry mass of rice plants. In fertilizers and steelmaking slags, when the content of Si is described, the content is expressed in terms of SiO 2 of oxide, and hence the content of Si is hereinafter represented as SiO 2 .
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment contains a large amount of SiO 2 as compared with the composition of a typical steelmaking slag.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment is effective for supplying Si to grasses and the like because it contains a large amount of available silicic acid effective for plants.
- the content of SiO 2 of the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment is less than 22% by mass, the possibility that Si can not be sufficiently supplied to plants increases, which is not preferable.
- the content of SiO 2 exceeds 30% by mass, the CaO content also increases due to the restriction on the basicity to be described later, so other components contained in the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment
- the content of any of these other components is more than a desired value. It is not preferable because it will have to be lowered too.
- the content of SiO 2 is 30 mass% or less than 22 wt%.
- the content of SiO 2 is preferably 23% by mass or more and 29% by mass or less, and more preferably 24% by mass or more and 28% by mass or less.
- the content of SiO 2 can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis. Specifically, a plurality of measurement samples having a known content of SiO 2 are prepared while changing the content, and Si-derived fluorescence X-ray intensity of the measurement sample prepared by the fluorescent X-ray analyzer is measured. The resulting a fluorescent X-ray intensity from Si was, and the content of SiO 2, using in advance a calibration curve showing the relationship between the content of SiO 2 and the fluorescent X-ray intensity. Thereafter, for a sample whose content of SiO 2 to be noticed is unknown, the fluorescent X-ray intensity derived from Si is measured by a fluorescent X-ray analyzer, and the obtained fluorescent X-ray intensity and the calibration curve are used to determine SiO. The content of 2 can be specified.
- the method of preparing the sample to be focused on and the measurement conditions of the fluorescent X-ray intensity are the same as in the case of CaO.
- the content of CaO is 38 mass% or more and 48 mass% or less
- the content of SiO 2 is as follows when the basicity is considered in increments of 0.1: It is defined as When basicity is 1.8: 21 mass% or more and 27 mass% or less When basicity is 1.7: 22 mass% or more and 28 mass% or less When basicity is 1.6: 24 mass% or more and 30 mass% When the basicity is 1.5 or less: 25% by mass or more and 32% by mass or less When the basicity is 1.4: 27% by mass or more and 34% by mass or less
- the content of SiO 2 (22% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less) defined in the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment has a basicity of 1.6 to 1 as described above. In the range of .7.
- the content of SiO 2 is 22% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less. It becomes as follows.
- the basicity is 2.1: 46% by mass to 63% by mass
- the basicity is 2.2: 48% by mass to 66% by mass
- the basicity is 2.3: 51% by mass to 69% by mass Less than
- the basicity of more than 1.5 and 2.2 or less is the basicity which can satisfy the condition regarding the CaO content and the SiO 2 content in the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment. .
- the characteristics that most characterize the properties of the slag are basic.
- CaO is a component that is the main cause of the basicity of slag.
- most of the basicity of the steelmaking slag obtained by the dephosphorization treatment of the hot metal pretreatment is about 1.5 to 1.8 and is easy to obtain.
- the inventors examined and examined that the basicity of slag which can realize elution of fertilizer active ingredients such as silicic acid, phosphoric acid, manganese, boron and the like in a more balanced manner is around 1.5 to 1.8. I found the results. Therefore, in the above description, attention was focused on the basicity of around 1.4 to 1.8.
- the basicity when the basicity is 1.5 or less, the content of CaO becomes relatively low from the viewpoint of use for fertilizer raw material, so improvement of acidic soil is achieved. It is not preferable because the effect is weak.
- the basicity when the basicity exceeds 2.2, when considering from the viewpoint of use for fertilizer material, fertilization with more CaO than CaO necessary for improvement of acidic soil is applied. It is not preferable because it causes an increase in the cost of lime added as a CaO source. Therefore, in the steelmaking slag for a fertilizer material according to the present embodiment, the basicity is set to more than 1.5 and not more than 2.2.
- the basicity is preferably 1.6 or more and 2.1 or less, more preferably 1.6 or more and 2.0 or less.
- 2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 -3CaO ⁇ P 2 O 5 solid solution and FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO are produced in the steelmaking slag manufactured by adjusting the basicity to be more than 1.5 and not more than 2.2.
- the two- system solid solution tends to be formed together.
- the above-described two types of solid solutions are more easily formed.
- these solid solutions have both of these solid solutions as steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials in order to promote the elution of phosphoric acid, manganese and boron in addition to silicic acid. preferable.
- P is an essential element of plants together with N and K.
- P is an element necessary for genes such as DNA and RNA, energy metabolites such as ATP, and constituents of cell membranes.
- P is an element that acts on the root growth point and has an effect on root growth. When P is insufficient, root growth is suppressed.
- P is mainly present in the composition of Ca 2 SiO 4 -Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 .
- P is gradually eluted as PO 4 3- , together with Ca and Si, from the fertilizer containing the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment. Therefore, it is possible to gradually supply P to a plant without being insolubilized by Al or Fe in a long period of several months equivalent to one crop of rice or the like.
- the content of P 2 O 5 is in the case is less than 2 mass%, it is impossible to reliably achieve the above effects. Therefore, in the steelmaking slag for a fertilizer material according to the present embodiment, the content of P 2 O 5 is 2% by mass or more.
- the fertilizer feedstock steel slag according to the present embodiment when the content of P 2 O 5 is more than 8% by weight, in view from the perspective of a fertilizer feedstock, the P 2 O 5 in the soil, the other It is not preferable because it may be oversupplied without balance with nitrogen and potassium, which are the three major elements of fertilizer. Therefore, in the steelmaking slag for a fertilizer material according to the present embodiment, the content of P 2 O 5 is 8% by mass or less.
- the content of P 2 O 5 is preferably 3% by mass to 8% by mass, and more preferably 3% by mass to 6% by mass is there.
- the content of water-soluble P 2 O 5 is specified as 3 mass% or more as mineral phosphate phosphate fertilizer.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment does not necessarily meet the specification of mineral phosphate phosphoric acid fertilizer, but from the above reasons, the fertilizer effect of P can be expected.
- the content of P 2 O 5 when the content of P 2 O 5 is 2% by mass or more, the content of the semisoluble P 2 O 5 corresponds to approximately 1.0% by mass or more. .
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment is one that succeeded in raising the ratio of soluble P 2 O 5 to 50% or more of P 2 O 5 contained in the slag by controlling the composition and structure of the slag. is there.
- the mass of the soluble P 2 O 5 in P 2 O 5 contained in slag The proportion can be 50% or more.
- the upper limit value of the mass ratio of soluble P 2 O 5 in P 2 O 5 contained in the slag is not particularly limited, and the higher the higher, the better, but the results of actually producing and analyzing a large number of steelmaking slag samples In view of the above, it can not be made 100%, and the upper limit is about 85%.
- the mass ratio of soluble P 2 O 5 in P 2 O 5 contained in the slag is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more.
- the content of P 2 O 5 can be measured, for example, by fluorescent X-ray analysis. Specifically, a plurality of measurement samples having known contents of P are prepared while changing the contents, and P-derived fluorescence X-ray intensities of the prepared measurement samples are measured by a fluorescent X-ray analyzer. Using the obtained P-derived fluorescent X-ray intensity and the converted amount of P 2 O 5 calculated from the P content, the relationship between the converted amount of P 2 O 5 and the fluorescent X-ray intensity is obtained. A calibration curve to be shown is prepared in advance.
- the fluorescent X-ray intensity derived from P is measured by a fluorescent X-ray analyzer, and the obtained fluorescent X-ray intensity and a calibration curve are used to determine P 2
- the content of O 5 can be specified.
- the method of preparing the sample to be focused on and the measurement conditions of the fluorescent X-ray intensity are the same as in the case of CaO.
- the content of soluble P 2 O 5 can be measured by ammonium vanadomolybdate spectrophotometric method using a Petermann ammonium citrate solution. Using content and the content of soluble P 2 O 5 of the measured P 2 O 5, it can be calculated mass percentage of soluble P 2 O 5 in P 2 O 5.
- MgO 1% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less
- MgO content of steelmaking slag is considerably lower than the CaO content.
- Mg contained in steelmaking slag is mainly attributable to Mg added from the sintering process and Mg eluted from refractory bricks of the furnace wall of the converter.
- fertilizers and steelmaking slags when the content of Mg is expressed, the content is expressed in terms of MgO of oxide, and hence the content of Mg as MgO is hereinafter indicated.
- MgO is alkaline and has the effect of improving acidic soil with CaO.
- the content of MgO is less than 1% by mass, the above-described improvement effect of the acidic soil can not be exhibited.
- the ideal lime / magnesia ratio is about 2.5-6.
- the CaO content is as high as 38% to 48%, so in order to satisfy the above-mentioned lime / bodiment ratio, for example, the lime / bodiment ratio is the largest 6 Even in the case of the above, the content of bitter clay is 6.3% to 8%.
- MgO content shall be 1 mass% or more and 8 mass% or less.
- the content of MgO is preferably 2% by mass to 8% by mass, and more preferably 3% by mass to 8% by mass.
- the content of MgO can be measured, for example, by fluorescent X-ray analysis. Specifically, a plurality of measurement samples having a known content of Mg are prepared while changing the content, and the fluorescent X-ray intensity derived from Mg of the measurement sample prepared by the fluorescent X-ray analyzer is measured. A calibration curve showing the relationship between the converted amount of MgO and the fluorescent X-ray intensity is created in advance using the obtained Mg-derived fluorescent X-ray intensity and the converted amount of MgO calculated from the content of Mg Keep it.
- the fluorescent X-ray intensity derived from Mg is measured by a fluorescent X-ray analyzer, and the obtained fluorescent X-ray intensity and a calibration curve are used to The content can be specified.
- the method of preparing the sample to be focused on and the measurement conditions of the fluorescent X-ray intensity are the same as in the case of CaO.
- Total iron 7% by mass or more and less than 15% by mass
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment is alkaline because it contains CaO at 38 mass% or more and 48 mass% or less and contains MgO at 1 mass% or more and 8 mass% or less.
- CaO at 38 mass% or more and 48 mass% or less
- MgO at 1 mass% or more and 8 mass% or less.
- a feature of the fertilizer containing the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment is that it has a large bulk specific gravity and is characterized by being able to elute each element which has a fertilizer effect for a long time without remaining due to rain water.
- Fe is an important element also in order to raise the bulk specific gravity of the fertilizer containing steelmaking slag for fertilizer materials which concerns on this embodiment.
- Fe is an element unavoidably contained in various steelmaking slags.
- the content of total iron is less than 7% by mass, the bulk specific gravity decreases, and the fertilizer containing the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment is washed away by rainwater You are more likely to
- the content of total iron is 15% by mass or more, the possibility of causing iron overload in plants in acidic soil is increased, which is not preferable. Therefore, the total iron content of the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment is 7% by mass or more and less than 15% by mass.
- the content of total iron is preferably 8% by mass or more and 14% by mass or less, and more preferably 9% by mass or more and 13% by mass or less.
- Such an oxidation state of Fe is realized by producing steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the manufacturing method of steelmaking slag for fertilizer material as described in detail below.
- the name of the solid solution in the present embodiment clearly indicates the main chemical components, and may include components that are not explicitly specified.
- the FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO 2 -based solid solution includes that in which MgO is a solid solution.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer materials manufactured by manufacturing steelmaking slag for fertilizer materials is a general converter process.
- the content of total iron becomes relatively low, and the above-mentioned range of the content is realized, and the above-described oxidation state of Fe is realized.
- the total iron content can be measured, for example, by fluorescent X-ray analysis. Specifically, a plurality of measurement samples having a known content of total iron are prepared while changing the content, and Fe-derived fluorescence X-ray intensity of the prepared measurement sample is measured by a fluorescent X-ray analyzer. A calibration curve indicating the relationship between the total iron content and the fluorescent X-ray intensity is prepared in advance using the obtained Fe-derived fluorescent X-ray intensity and the total iron content. Thereafter, for a sample whose content of total iron to be noticed is unknown, the X-ray fluorescence intensity derived from Fe is measured by a fluorescent X-ray analyzer, and the obtained X-ray fluorescence intensity and a calibration curve are used to total The iron content can be identified.
- the method of preparing the sample to be focused on and the measurement conditions of the fluorescent X-ray intensity are the same as in the case of CaO.
- MnO 3% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, the proportion of non-soluble manganese: 80% or more] Subsequently, Mn will be described. Mn is also an element that has a fertilizer effect on plants as a trace element. In fertilizers and steelmaking slags, when the content of Mn is described, the content is expressed in terms of MnO of oxide, and hence the content of Mn is hereinafter referred to as MnO.
- the content of MnO when the content of MnO is less than 3% by mass, since the content of MnO is small, the fertilizer containing the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment The dissolution of Mn is not sufficient, and the fertilizer effect of Mn can not be exhibited.
- content of MnO exceeds 10% by mass, this is not preferable because it causes plants to generate an excess of manganese disease particularly in an acidic soil. Therefore, in steelmaking slag for fertilizer materials concerning this embodiment, content of MnO shall be 3 mass% or more and 10 mass% or less.
- the content of MnO is preferably 4% by mass to 9% by mass, and more preferably 5% by mass to 8% by mass.
- the 2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 -3CaO ⁇ P 2 O 5 solid solution and the FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO 2 -based solid solution are both formed in the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment.
- the elution of Mn can be further promoted, and the elution of silicic acid, phosphoric acid and boron can be promoted.
- Plants are known to secrete organic acids from the roots, and it is an index to consider that light-soluble manganese, which is manganese eluted in 2% aqueous citric acid solution, as manganese available to plants.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials which concerns on this embodiment succeeds in making 80% or more into a water-soluble MnO among MnO contained in steelmaking slag by composition and structure control. That is, according to the method for producing steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material as described in detail below, by producing steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material, the mass ratio of fusible MnO in MnO contained in the slag is 80% It can be more than.
- the upper limit value of the mass ratio of poorly soluble MnO in MnO contained in the slag is not particularly limited, and the higher the higher, the better, but it is 100% in view of the results of analysis of many steelmaking slag samples actually produced The upper limit is about 95%.
- the mass ratio of the soluble MnO in MnO contained in the slag is preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
- the content of MnO can be measured, for example, by fluorescent X-ray analysis. Specifically, a plurality of measurement samples having a known content of Mn are prepared while changing the content, and the fluorescent X-ray intensity derived from Mn of the measurement sample prepared by the fluorescent X-ray analyzer is measured. A calibration curve showing the relationship between the converted amount of MnO and the fluorescent X-ray intensity is prepared in advance using the obtained Mn-derived fluorescent X-ray intensity and the converted amount of MnO calculated from the content of Mn. Keep it.
- the fluorescent X-ray intensity derived from Mn is measured by a fluorescent X-ray analyzer, and the obtained fluorescent X-ray intensity and a calibration curve are used to obtain MnO
- the content can be specified.
- the method of preparing the sample to be focused on and the measurement conditions of the fluorescent X-ray intensity are the same as in the case of CaO.
- the content of the soluble MnO is defined by the elution with 2% citric acid aqueous solution and the flame atomic absorption method, the fertilizer specified by the independent administrative corporation Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center (FAMIC) It can be measured by using the method described in the iso test method (2016).
- the mass ratio of the semisoluble MnO in MnO can be calculated using the measured content of MnO and the content of the semisoluble MnO.
- boron-containing fertilizers include, for example, borate fertilizers (35% or more of fusible boron), boron fertilizers (about 24% of miscible boron), mixed trace element fertilizers (FTE) Although there is soluble boron (5 to 9%), it is feared that excessive use of these fertilizers may cause excess boron, since they all contain a large amount of boron. It is not easy to apply these commercially available fertilizers to the soil to reduce the boron content of the soil to 5 mg / kg or less.
- steelmaking slags in which the content of boron is 0.05% by mass or more can not be obtained in a normal iron making process, and a boron source such as borax is additionally added to increase the boron content. Is not preferable because it causes cost increase.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment has a boron content of less than 0.05% by mass because the ratio of hexasoluble boron in the boron content is very high compared to conventional boron-based fertilizers. Also, it has the same boron supply ability as conventional boron-based fertilizers. Therefore, in steelmaking slag for fertilizer materials concerning this embodiment, content of boron is made into 0.005 mass% or more and less than 0.05 mass%.
- the content of boron is preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 0.05% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.02% by mass or more and 0.05% by mass or less.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials according to the present embodiment has a basicity which is a ratio of the content of CaO to SiO 2 of more than 1.5 and not more than 2.2, and the temperature at the time of molten slag formation and the cooling method at the time of slag solidification Control the structure to create boron as a compound in which, for example, a portion of SiO 2 in the compound of SiO 2 is replaced by B 2 O 3 , etc.
- 95% or more of the boron contained in the steelmaking slag could be made soluble in boron. That is, according to the method for producing steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material as described in detail below, by producing steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material, 95% of the mass ratio of soluble boron in boron contained in the slag is It can be more than. By increasing the proportion of the soluble boron, a high fertilization effect can be obtained despite the low content of boron contained in the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material.
- the boron content can be measured, for example, by ICP emission analysis. Specifically, 0.5 g of a sample and a reagent (2 g of sodium carbonate, 3 g of sodium peroxide) are put in a Ni crucible and alkali melting (burner heating) is performed. Place the alkali-melted Ni crucible in a beaker, add water and hydrochloric acid (1: 9) to dissolve the Ni crucible contents, take out the Ni crucible and heat the beaker to dissolve the sample. The resulting dissolved sample is introduced into a high frequency inductively coupled plasma (apparatus: Hitachi High-Tech Science SPS 3100), and the emission of boron is measured at a wavelength of 249.753 nm to quantify boron.
- This analysis method is a method in accordance with JIS A 5011-3 Appendix A.
- the content of the soluble boron was determined by the elution with a 2% aqueous solution of citric acid and the azomethine H method, which was defined by the independent administrative corporation Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center (FAMIC), etc. It can be measured by using the method described in the test method (2016). Using the measured content of boron and the content of soluble boron, it is possible to calculate the mass ratio of the soluble boron in boron.
- Sulfur 0.1% by mass to 0.6% by mass.
- Sulfur is an element necessary for biosynthesis of sulfur-containing amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and further for biosynthesis of protein, and is an element essential for the growth of green onion, onion, garlic and the like.
- the sulfur content of the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment is set to 0.1% by mass or more and 0.6% by mass or less.
- the sulfur content is preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 0.6% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.3% by mass or more and 0.6% by mass or less.
- the sulfur content can be measured by, for example, alkali melting and ICP emission analysis. Specifically, 0.5 g of a sample and a reagent (2 g of sodium carbonate, 3 g of sodium peroxide) are put in a Ni crucible and alkali melting (burner heating) is performed. Place the alkali-melted Ni crucible in a beaker, add water and hydrochloric acid (1: 9) to dissolve the Ni crucible contents, take out the Ni crucible and heat the beaker to dissolve the sample. The resulting dissolved sample is introduced into a high frequency inductively coupled plasma (apparatus Hitachi High-Tech Science SPS 3100), and the emission of sulfur is measured at a wavelength of 182.036 nm to quantify sulfur.
- This analysis method is a method in accordance with JIS A 5011-3 Appendix A.
- Al 2 O 3 0.5 to 3% by Mass
- the content of Al 2 O 3 in the steelmaking slag for a fertilizer material according to the present embodiment is preferably as low as possible.
- the fertilizer feedstock steel slag according to the present embodiment the content of Al 2 O 3, and 3 wt% or less than 0.5 wt%.
- the content of Al 2 O 3 is preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 2.5% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less.
- the content of Al 2 O 3 can be measured, for example, by fluorescent X-ray analysis. Specifically, a plurality of measurement samples having a known content of Al are prepared while changing the content, and the fluorescent X-ray intensity derived from Al of the measurement sample prepared by the fluorescent X-ray analyzer is measured. The relationship between the converted amount of Al 2 O 3 and the fluorescent X-ray intensity is calculated using the obtained fluorescent X-ray intensity derived from Al and the converted amount of Al 2 O 3 calculated from the content of Al. A calibration curve to be shown is prepared in advance.
- the fluorescent X-ray intensity derived from Al is measured by a fluorescent X-ray analyzer, and the obtained fluorescent X-ray intensity and a calibration curve are used to determine Al 2
- the content of O 3 can be specified.
- the method of preparing the sample to be focused on and the measurement conditions of the fluorescent X-ray intensity are the same as in the case of CaO.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials which concerns on this embodiment becomes 1.9 or more and 2.8 or less in bulk specific gravity (more specifically, loose bulk specific gravity) by having the above composition. If the bulk specific gravity is less than 1.9, it is not preferable because a large amount of rainfall increases the possibility of fertilizer runoff. On the other hand, when the bulk specific gravity exceeds 2.8, the person handling the fertilizer comes to feel heavy, which is not preferable.
- the bulk specific gravity of the steelmaking slag for a fertilizer material according to the present embodiment is preferably 2.0 or more and 2.7 or less, more preferably 2.1 or more and 2.6 or less.
- bulk specific gravity loose bulk specific gravity
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material preferably contains, as its structure, both 2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 -3CaO ⁇ P 2 O 5 solid solution and FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO 2 -based solid solution. These solid solutions can be formed more efficiently by quenching the slag when solidifying the slag in the molten state at the time of production of the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material, as described below.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer materials according to the present embodiment contains these solid solutions together as its structure, thereby more efficiently achieving a fertilizer effect such as calcium, silicic acid, phosphoric acid, iron and manganese in the soil. It becomes possible to elute the element which it has.
- the fertilizer feedstock steel slag is produced through a production method as described below, although the reason is not clear, since the SiO 2 of a portion of these in solid solution is easily replaced with B 2 O 3, these solid solutions It becomes possible to elute also about boron by containing together.
- a general X-ray diffractometer eg, Rigaku X-ray diffractometer SmartLab.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment is embedded in a known resin such as an epoxy resin, and then ground and polished to expose a smooth cross section of the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material, and a general EPMA device
- a known resin such as an epoxy resin
- a general EPMA device Each element distribution of the slag structure observed on the cross section at an accelerating voltage of 15 kV is mapped using (for example, JXA-8100 manufactured by JEOL Ltd.).
- the slag structure in which Ca, Si, O and P are observed together and the slag structure in which Fe, Mn, Ca, Si and O are observed together in the measurement area with a diameter of 100 ⁇ m, and EPMA of each element It is possible to confirm that the 2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 -3CaO ⁇ P 2 O 5 solid solution or the FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO 2 -based solid solution is present by analyzing the count by the ZAF method and semi-quantifying it.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material preferably has a particle size of less than 5 mm, and more preferably has a particle size of less than 600 ⁇ m, by the above-mentioned pulverizing method.
- these particle sizes are particle sizes by the sieving method using the sieve prescribed
- the mass ratio of the particle diameter of less than 600 ⁇ m be 60% or more with respect to the total mass.
- the mass ratio of the particle diameter of less than 600 ⁇ m is 80% or more.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials which concerns on this embodiment is manufactured by performing a specific dephosphorization process which is demonstrated below with respect to a blast furnace hot metal.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment is the same as the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present embodiment, except for (1) a converter type pot (in the furnace from the freeboard / furnace opening corresponding to the length from The blast furnace hot metal is injected so that the void ratio represented by the in-furnace height corresponding to the length to the bottom is 0.5 or more and 0.9 or less, and (2) the blast furnace hot metal in the converter pot is On the other hand, manganese ore, manganese-containing decarburized slag, and / or ferromanganese are added, and (3) lance inserted from the blast furnace hot metal to the blast furnace hot metal, quick lime having an average particle size of 1 mm or less It is manufactured by blowing in calcium carbonate and oxygen, forming slag at 1300 ° C.
- the slag basicity represented by (CaO content / SiO 2 content) is more than 1.5 and 2.2 or less, and the MnO content in the slag is 3% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.
- the blast furnace hot metal injection process shown to said (1) is a process of inject
- the blast furnace hot metal is injected into a converter-type pan, if the void ratio represented by (free board / in-furnace height) is less than 0.5, the free board becomes too small, resulting in the hot metal surface Since the void existing above is too narrow, it is difficult to sufficiently form blast furnace hot metal, which is not preferable because the dephosphorization reaction can not be sufficiently advanced.
- the void ratio represented by (free board / in-furnace height) exceeds 0.9, the amount of hot metal to be dephosphorized is not preferable because it becomes inefficient. Since only a small amount of blast furnace hot metal is injected therein, the operation efficiency is lowered and the productivity is lowered.
- the void ratio represented by (free board / in-furnace height) is preferably 0.5 or more and 0.8 or less, and more preferably 0.6 or more and 0.8 or less.
- a calcium source used for the dephosphorization treatment at least one of quick lime and calcium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 1 mm or less is used.
- quick-lime with an average particle diameter of 1 mm or less, and calcium carbonate can be obtained using the industrial sieve prescribed
- quicklime when the average particle diameter exceeds 1 mm, it is not preferable because unreacted quicklime may remain.
- the average particle diameter of quick lime and calcium carbonate exceeds 1 mm, the lance may be damaged by the blowing, and the life of the lance may be shortened, which is not preferable.
- the average particle diameter of quick lime and calcium carbonate means a particle diameter having an integrated mass% value of 50% in the particle size distribution passing through the industrial sieve defined in JIS Z8801.
- the amount of such calcium source blown is such that the desired basicity (i.e., more than 1.5 and not more than 2.2) is obtained at the end of the dephosphorization step.
- the temperature of the slag at the time of forming shall be 1300 degreeC or more and 1400 degrees C or less. If the temperature of the slag is less than 1300 ° C., it is not preferable because the dephosphorization reaction does not proceed. On the other hand, when the temperature of the slag exceeds 1400 ° C., it is not preferable because there is a possibility of re-phosphorization in which phosphorus dissolves back into the molten steel.
- the temperature of the slag at the time of forming is preferably 1310 ° C. or more and 1390 ° C. or less, and more preferably 1320 ° C. or more and 1380 ° C. or less.
- the temperature of the slag can be measured using a thermocouple or an optical pyrometer.
- the above dephosphorization treatment is carried out so that the slag basicity is more than 1.5 and 2.2 or less, and the MnO content in the slag is 3 mass% or more and 10 mass% or less, and the slag base is When the degree and the MnO content fall within the ranges as described above, the dephosphorization treatment ends.
- the components of the manufactured steelmaking slag have the characteristics as described above, and the specific gravity thereof also falls within the above-mentioned range.
- the slag solidification step shown in the above (4) is a step of solidifying the molten slag after the dephosphorization treatment by a predetermined method.
- the slag solidification step may be, for example, a step of pouring the molten slag after the dephosphorization treatment into a dish-shaped heat-resistant container and rapidly cooling to solidify it.
- the molten slag is preferably spread thinly in a dish-shaped heat-resistant container, and water is sprayed to the thin spread molten slag.
- the molten slag is rapidly cooled (quenched).
- the slag pulverizing step shown in the above (5) is a step of pulverizing the steelmaking slag solidified as described above so as to have a desired particle diameter.
- steelmaking slag in a solid state is crushed / crushed to a desired particle size by using known means such as, for example, a jaw crusher, a hammer crusher, a rod mill, a ball mill, a roll mill and a roller mill.
- the particle diameter of steelmaking slag is such that the total particle diameter is less than 5 mm, and the mass ratio of the particle diameter less than 600 ⁇ m is 60% or more with respect to the total mass.
- crushing / crushing is such that the total particle diameter is less than 5 mm, and the mass ratio of the particle diameter less than 600 ⁇ m is 60% or more with respect to the total mass.
- the steelmaking slag for a fertilizer raw material according to the present embodiment is manufactured.
- the steelmaking slag for a fertilizer material according to the present embodiment as described above can be used as a fertilizer as it is by adjusting the particle size thereof within a predetermined range (for example, all less than about 600 ⁇ m). That is, the method for producing fertilizer according to the present embodiment is to pulverize the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material manufactured by the above method for manufacturing steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material by a known means.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials after pulverization can be used as a fertilizer as it is as mentioned above, you may granulate, after adding a predetermined
- the binder used in granulation is not particularly limited, and, for example, molasses, lignin, metal salts of lignin sulfonic acid, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like can be used.
- an organic matter may be further mixed with the fertilizer obtained by the method as described above.
- an organic substance for example, at least one of livestock manure such as cow dung, pig dung and chicken dung, plant residue, and compost obtained from fish and shellfish can be mentioned.
- livestock manure such as cow dung, pig dung and chicken dung, plant residue, and compost obtained from fish and shellfish
- compost obtained from fish and shellfish
- Phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), boron (B), sulfur, and the like according to the fertilizer according to the present embodiment as described above It becomes possible to more effectively supply each type of various elements of (S).
- the fertilizer containing steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material as described above or the fertilizer containing (i) pH (H 2 O) is 4 or more and 6 or less, (ii) (pH Fertilization is applied to the soil in which the value represented by H 2 O) -pH (KCl)) is 1 or more and (iii) effective state phosphoric acid is 5 mg / 100 g or less dry soil.
- pH (H 2 O) means the pH of the suspension obtained by adding water to the soil at a predetermined ratio
- pH (KCl) means a predetermined ratio to the soil Means the pH of the suspension obtained by addition of potassium chloride solution.
- H + present in the soil: those dissolved in soil moisture and those that are electrically adsorbed on the surface of soil colloid particles (eg, clay, humus etc.)
- pH (H 2 O) represents the concentration of H + dissolved in the soil moisture
- pH (KCl) has a H + dissolved in the soil moisture
- H + adsorbed on the soil colloidal particles Represents the total concentration of.
- pH (H 2 O) shows the strength of the soil acidity (active acidity) directly related to the growth of plant roots
- pH (KCl) shows the potential acidity (latent acidity) of the soil It is said.
- the value shown in the above (ii) can be used as an index of how much Al is present in the soil.
- the effective phosphoric acid shown in (iii) indicates the amount of phosphoric acid that can be absorbed by plants, and is measured by a known test method such as a fertilizer using a sulfuric acid solution having a pH of about 3 such as a truog method. be able to.
- Soil status of effective phosphoric acid 5 mg / 100 g or less Dry soil indicates that the soil has a very low supply of phosphoric acid.
- the recommended value of effective phosphoric acid of farmland soil by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries is 10 to 75 mg / 100 g dry soil.
- phosphate ions combine with Al ions to insolubilize as AlPO 4 and phosphates that plants can absorb can be absorbed.
- the fertilizer which concerns on this embodiment can supply phosphoric acid with respect to the soil which lacks such an effective form phosphoric acid, and exhibits a fertilizer effect.
- pH (H 2 O) and pH (KCl) are as follows: 20 g of air-dried earth is put in a 100 ml shaking jar, 50 ml of distilled water or 50 ml of 1 N KCl aqueous solution is added and shaken for 30 minutes, and then the pH of the aqueous solution is adjusted to pH It can measure by measuring with a glass electrode. Further, the effective phosphoric acid content can be measured by the truog method.
- the fertilizer which concerns on this embodiment exhibits the outstanding fertilizer effect with respect to the above specific acidic soils in the area which each fertilizer effect element tends to run out and runs short by heavy rain.
- the application amount of the fertilizer which concerns on this embodiment is 0.05 t / ha or more and 2 t / ha or less as steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials.
- the application rate is less than 0.05 t / ha, the application rate is too low, and there is a possibility that the effects of the fertilizer according to the present embodiment containing a plurality of fertilizer effect elements can not be exhibited clearly.
- the application rate exceeds 2 t / ha, the cost is increased by using a large amount of the fertilizer according to the present embodiment.
- a more preferable application rate is 0.1 t / ha or more and 1 t / ha or less.
- the fertilizer according to the present embodiment as described above may be spread on the surface of the soil layer or mixed with the soil layer before sowing or planting seedlings.
- the fertilizer according to the present embodiment as described above may be spread on the surface of the soil layer in the vicinity of the plant to be grown, or may be mixed in the soil layer.
- the target crops of the fertilizer according to the present embodiment as described above include, for example, gramineous plants, cypress plants, cucurbitaceous plants, leguminous plants, rhizophorbiaceous plants, liliaceous plants, solanaceous plants, cruciferous plants, Rosaceae plants, plants of the family Acaridaceae, plants of the family of the family Acaceae, plants of the family Vines, plants of the family Araceae, plants of the family Araceae, plants of the family Araceae, plants of the family Asteraceae, plants of the family Goma A plant, a pepper plant, a plant of the family Racaceae, a plant belonging to any of the family Nemetaceae, and the like can be mentioned.
- the steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials according to the present embodiment is apt to release three elements, secondary elements and trace elements of fertilizer, and the fertilizer using such steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw materials is as shown in the following examples. Since the effect is demonstrated in rice, which is a representative gramineous plant, it is expected that the effect can be obtained also for the above-mentioned plants other than the gramineous family. Moreover, it is needless to say that the fertilizer which concerns on this embodiment is applicable also to plants other than the above.
- Example 1 Steelmaking slag for fertilizer materials was manufactured by the method shown below. That is, after additionally charging a manganese-containing decarburized slag to a general blast furnace hot metal in a converter having a void ratio represented by (free board / height in furnace) of 0.7, quick lime having an average particle diameter of 1 mm or less And oxygen were blown from a lance inserted into a hot metal and dephosphorization treatment was performed while forming at 1350 ° C. After steel removal, two cooling processes were performed on the produced slag. One was to tilt the converter, put it in a plate-shaped heat-resistant container, spread thinly, and then sprinkle water to quench it. The other was to tilt the converter and put it in a slag pot, and after 30 minutes, remove the slag by tilting the slag pot at an exhausting site, leave it for a while, and slowly cooled it to normal temperature.
- a void ratio represented by (free board / height in furnace) of 0.7 quick lime having an average particle
- the quenched steelmaking slag and the slowly cooled steelmaking slag obtained as described above were respectively crushed so that the total particle diameter was less than 5 mm, and the mass ratio of particles having a particle diameter of less than 600 ⁇ m was 60% or more.
- Analysis of the obtained steelmaking slag was performed according to the method described above, and the analysis results of the quenched steelmaking slag are shown in Table 1 below.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer used for the analysis is ZSX Primus II manufactured by Rigaku Denki Co., Ltd.
- the ICP emission spectral analyzer used for the analysis is ICPS-8100 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
- the chemical compositions of the rapidly quenched steelmaking slag and the gradually cooled steelmaking slag were identical to each other. Moreover, the mass ratio of soluble P 2 O 5 , the mass ratio of hexasoluble MnO, and the mass ratio of hexasoluble boron of the gradually cooled steelmaking slag were 60%, 65%, and 75%, respectively.
- the alkali content refers to the ability of the fertilizer to neutralize the acidity of the soil, and is used by the National Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Consumption Safety Technology Center (Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center: It shows the value measured by the ethylenediaminetetraacetate method described in the test method for fertilizers etc. (2016) specified by FAMIC).
- the quenched steelmaking slag has a weight percentage of soluble P 2 O 5 of 80%, a weight percentage of water-soluble MnO is 83%, and a weight ratio of water-soluble boron is 100%.
- the total content of CaO, P 2 O 5 , SiO 2 , MgO, Al 2 O 3 , total iron, MnO, boron, and sulfur of the obtained steelmaking slag is 97.761 mass%, The remainder was an impurity.
- Example 2 A cultivation test of rice was carried out in the soil whose analysis results are described in Table 3 below using the above-mentioned fertilizer.
- pH (H 2 O), pH (KCl), and effective phosphoric acid content were measured by the method described above, and the pH (H 2 O) was in the range of 4 or more and 6 or less.
- the value of pH (H 2 O) -pH (KCl) was 1 or more, and the effective phosphoric acid content was also 5 mg / 100 g or less dry soil.
- produced in the converter of which the void ratio represented by (free board / furnace height) is 0.4 is shown in the following Table 4.
- the analysis method of the commercially available fertilizer was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Table 4 below units of items other than basicity and specific gravity are% by mass, and values of soluble P 2 O 5 , water-soluble MnO and water-soluble boron are contents converted.
- the alkali content was measured in the same manner as in Table 1 above.
- the commercially available fertilizer had an overall particle size of less than 5 mm, and that the mass ratio of particles having a particle size of less than 600 ⁇ m was 60% or more.
- the fertilizer which uses steelmaking slag whose analysis results are shown in Table 4 as a raw material has a high basicity because the content ratio of SiO 2 to CaO is small compared to the fertilizer which uses steelmaking slag according to the present invention as a raw material.
- the content of 2 O 5 and soluble P 2 O 5 is low.
- content of total iron is large
- soluble MnO is somewhat low.
- the materials constituting the crystal phase of steelmaking slag which is a raw material of the above-mentioned commercial fertilizer, were examined by X-ray diffraction and EPMA according to the method described above, and the obtained results are shown in Table 5 below. .
- the notation in Table 5 below is the same as in Table 2.
- Table 5 below neither the presence of the 2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 -3CaO ⁇ P 2 O 5 solid solution nor the presence of the FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO 2 -based solid solution could be confirmed.
- Nitrogen and potassium as basic fertilizer and 60 kg / ha each as urea and potassium chloride were added to the soil of the paddy field before rice planting.
- 9 frames of 0.6 x 0.5 m were installed, and the fertilizer and sludge from which the quenched steelmaking slag is used as the raw material whose analysis results are shown in Table 1 and 2 are shown in 3 of them.
- Fertilizers that use cold steelmaking slag as a raw material, and commercially available fertilizers that use steelmaking slag made in a converter with a void ratio of 0.4 whose analysis results are shown in Table 4 and Table 5 (each of which 15 g of each was added (corresponding to an application rate of 0.5 t / ha), in which the particle size was less than 5 mm, and the mass ratio of particles less than 600 ⁇ m was confirmed to be 60% or more.
- the yield survey was conducted 4 months after planting the rice. All six stocks in each frame were harvested and refined rice weight and thousand grain weight were examined. The obtained results are shown in Table 6 below.
- the application of fertilizers using the quenched steelmaking slag as a raw material increased the yield (fresh rice weight) by about 31% as compared with the control.
- the yield fine rice weight
- the yield increased by about 26% as compared with the control.
- the yield increased by about 10% compared to the control.
- the highest value is obtained when applying the fertilizer using the quenched steelmaking slag as the raw material
- the second highest value is obtained when applying the fertilizer using the gradually cooled steelmaking slag as the raw material.
- the case where the raw material fertilizer was applied became the third highest value, and the case where the raw material fertilizer was not applied became the lowest value.
- Example 3 Analysis results shown in Table 7 below using the fertilizer using the quenched steelmaking slag as a raw material, the fertilizer using slowly cooled steelmaking slag, and the commercially available fertilizer using a steelmaking slag as described in Example 2 above
- the cultivation test of paddy rice was carried out in the soil where The soil analysis method is the same as in Example 2.
- Nitrogen and potassium as basic fertilizer and 60 kg / ha each as urea and potassium chloride were added to the soil of the paddy field before rice planting.
- 9 frames of 0.6 x 0.5 m were installed, and the fertilizer and sludge from which the quenched steelmaking slag is used as the raw material whose analysis results are shown in Table 1 and 2 are shown in 3 of them.
- Fertilizers that use chilled steelmaking slag as a raw material, and commercially available fertilizers that use steelmaking slag as a raw material whose analysis results are shown in Table 4 and Table 5 (each with a total particle size of less than 5 mm, and a particle size 15 g each were added (corresponding to an application rate of 0.5 t / ha).
- the yield survey was conducted 4 months after planting the rice. All six stocks in each frame were harvested and refined rice weight and thousand grain weight were examined. The obtained results are shown in Table 8 below.
- the highest value is obtained when applying the fertilizer using the quenched steelmaking slag as the raw material
- the second highest value is obtained when applying the fertilizer using the gradually cooled steelmaking slag as the raw material.
- the case where the raw material fertilizer was applied became the third highest value, and the case where the raw material fertilizer was not applied became the lowest value.
- the yield when applying the fertilizer using the steelmaking slag for fertilizer material according to the present invention is the control without applying the steelmaking slag fertilizer.
- the yield when applying the fertilizer using the steelmaking slag for a fertilizer material according to the present invention is about 30% higher than the yield of the ward.
- the increase was reduced by about 12% compared to the yield of the control without application of steelmaking slag fertilizer. The reason for this is that the yield of the control section where no steelmaking slag fertilizer is applied is higher than that of Example 2.
- the pH (H 2 O) of the soil is in the range of pH 5.5 to 6.5 suitable for the growth of rice, and the effective phosphate is also 15 mg / 100 g dry soil. Since it is within the recommended value (10 to 75 mg / 100 g dry soil) of effective phosphoric acid of farmland soil by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, phosphoric acid can be supplied from the soil without using fertilizer made from steelmaking slag as a raw material Can be considered as the reason.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Ca:塩化カルシウム
P :第一リン酸カリウム
Mg:硫酸マグネシウム
Fe:硫酸第一鉄
Mn:硫酸マンガン
B :ホウ酸、
Si:ケイ酸カリウム、
S :硫酸カルシウム(石膏)、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸第一鉄、硫酸マンガン
本発明の要旨は、以下の通りである。
[2]2CaO・SiO2-3CaO・P2O5固溶体、及び、FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO2系固溶体をそれぞれ含有する、[1]に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグ。
[3]前記ホウ素中のく溶性ホウ素の割合が、95%以上である、[1]又は[2]に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグ。
[4]粒径が、全体として5mm未満であり、かつ、粒径が600μm未満であるものの質量割合が、全質量に対して60%以上である、[1]~[3]の何れか一つに記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグ。
[5][1]~[4]の何れか1つに記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法であって、
転炉型鍋に対し、(炉口から溶銑液面までの長さに対応するフリーボード/炉口から炉内底までの長さに対応する炉内高)で表される空隙比率が0.5以上0.9以下となるように、高炉溶銑を注入し、前記転炉型鍋中の前記高炉溶銑に対して、マンガン鉱石、マンガン含有脱炭スラグ、及び、フェロマンガンの少なくとも何れかを添加し、前記高炉溶銑内に挿入したランスから、前記高炉溶銑に対して、平均粒径が1mm以下である、生石灰及び/又は炭酸カルシウムと、酸素と、を吹き込み、1300℃以上1400℃以下でスラグをフォーミングさせて脱リン処理を行い、(CaO含有量/SiO2含有量)で表されるスラグ塩基度が、1.5超過2.2以下となり、かつ、スラグ中のMnO含有量が3質量%以上10質量%以下となるように製造する、肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。
[6]前記脱リン処理後の溶融スラグを皿状の耐熱性容器内に注入し、急速冷却することで固化させる、[5]に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。
[7]散水を行うことで、前記脱リン処理後の溶融スラグを急速冷却する、[6]に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。
[8]前記転炉型鍋を傾けることで、前記脱リン処理後の溶融スラグをスラグ鍋に傾注した後、前記スラグ鍋中の前記溶融スラグを、傾転可能な第1の耐熱性容器へと傾注し、前記第1の耐熱性容器内で散水を行うことで前記溶融スラグを急速冷却して固化させた上で、固化したスラグを破砕し、前記第1の耐熱性容器を傾転させて、固化した前記スラグを第2の耐熱性容器内に滑り落とすことで破砕する、[5]~[7]の何れか一つに記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。
[9]急速冷却により、2CaO・SiO2-3CaO・P2O5固溶体、及び、FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO2系固溶体をそれぞれ形成させる、[5]~[8]の何れか1つに記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。
[10]粒径が、全体として5mm未満であり、かつ、粒径が600μm未満であるものの質量割合が全質量に対して60%以上となるように、スラグを粉砕する、[5]~[9]の何れか1つに記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。
[11][1]~[4]の何れか1つに記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、又は、[5]~[10]の何れか1つに記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法で製造された肥料原料用製鋼スラグを粉化する、肥料の製造方法。
[12]粉化後の前記肥料原料用製鋼スラグに対して所定の結合剤を添加した後、造粒する、[11]に記載の肥料の製造方法。
[13]得られた肥料に対し、更に有機物を混合する、[11]又は[12]に記載の肥料の製造方法。
[14]前記有機物は、家畜ふん、植物残渣、及び、魚介類から得られる堆肥の少なくとも何れかである、[13]に記載の肥料の製造方法。
[15][1]~[4]の何れか1つに記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、[5]~[10]の何れか1つに記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法で製造された肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、又は、[11]~[14]の何れか1つに記載の肥料の製造方法で製造された肥料を含む肥料を、pH(H2O)が4以上6以下であり、(pH(H2O)-pH(KCl))で表される値が1以上であり、かつ、有効態リン酸が5mg/100g乾土以下である土壌に対して施肥する、施肥方法。
[16]前記肥料の施用量が、前記肥料原料用製鋼スラグとして、0.05t/ha以上2t/ha以下である、[15]に記載の施肥方法。
[17]前記肥料を、播種あるいは苗植え前に、作土層表面に撒くか、又は、当該作土層と混合する、[15]又は[16]に記載の施肥方法。
[18]前記肥料を、栽培する植物体の近傍の作土層表面に撒くか、又は、当該作土層中に混合する、[15]又は[16]に記載の施肥方法。
本発明の実施形態について説明するに先立ち、本発明者らが実施した、先だって説明したような肥料及び施肥方法への要請に関する検討結果について、詳細に説明する。
先だって説明したような要請に関して、上記特許文献1で開示されているケイ酸リン酸肥料用原料は、(CaO含有量/SiO2含有量)で表される塩基度が1.0以上1.4以下という、低めの塩基度であるため、酸性土壌に効果が出にくい。また、上記特許文献1で開示されているケイ酸リン酸肥料用原料は、可溶性CaOの含有量が30質量%以下と低く、塩基性が弱いため、やはり酸性土壌に効果が出にくい。
上記特許文献2では、製鉄プロセスの溶銑予備処理プロセスから得られる製鋼スラグを原料として、鉱さいリン酸肥料を製造する方法が開示されているが、鉱さいリン酸肥料の原料となる製鋼スラグの製造方法に関する記載が存在しない。また、上記特許文献2の実施例から、原料となる製鋼スラグのく溶性リン酸含有量は、2.56質量%以上2.62質量%以下であり、鉱さいリン酸肥料の規格となる「く溶性リン酸含有量3質量%以上」という条件を満足できていないことがわかる。また、上記特許文献2には、ホウ素とマンガンの含有に関する記載、及び、ホウ素及びマンガンの肥料効果に関する記載が存在しない。
上記特許文献3では、リン酸の含有量が1.5質量%以上5質量%以下である旨は記載されているが、そのうち、どれだけの割合が植物に有効に作用できる、可溶性リン酸(ペーテルマンクエン酸アンモニウム液で溶出するリン酸)であるかに関して、記載は存在しない。
特許文献4及び特許文献5で開示されている溶銑予備処理方法では、一つの転炉型精錬炉を用いて、脱珪処理及び脱リン処理を順に行なうことで、肥料に有効なケイ酸を含有するスラグと、リン酸を含有するスラグとが、分けて回収されることになる。しかしながら、肥料としては、ケイ酸とリン酸とが共に含有されていることが好ましい。また、脱珪処理と脱リン処理とを別々に行うことは、肥料の原料となるスラグを得るという観点からは、手間とコストがかかる。また、特許文献4及び特許文献5では、製造される脱リンスラグの組成について、一切開示されておらず、また、肥料に関する記載も存在しない。従って、これら特許文献4及び特許文献5に開示されているスラグが肥料に適したものであるか否かについては、判断することができない。
特許文献6では、製鉄プロセスの溶銑予備処理工程で珪酸質肥料を製造する方法が開示されており、溶銑予備処理によって生ずる転炉スラグにく溶性リン酸を添加して、く溶性リン酸5質量%以上とする旨が記載されている。また、特許文献6では、元来のスラグのリン酸含有量について、1質量%以上4質量%以下である旨が記載されている。加えて、特許文献6には、ホウ素の含有、及び、ホウ素の肥料効果について、一切記載されていない。また、特許文献6では、スラグ製造の際のフリーボードに関する記載がなく、スラグの排滓による回収方法や冷却方法に関する記載も存在しない。
特許文献7では、不溶出性のケイ酸のみを含む石炭灰を、溶融した状態のステンレス鋼のスラグと混合することで、ケイ酸の溶出を可能化したケイ酸質肥料が開示されている。しかしながら、かかるケイ酸質肥料は、ステンレス鋼のスラグであるために、クロムを多く含有する。そのため、かかるスラグを原料とする肥料を大量に施用したり、長期間施用したりすると、土壌のクロム含有量が高くなることが懸念される。また、石炭灰を混合する必要があるため、操作増によるコスト増の要因となる。
特許文献8では、肥料用リン酸含有スラグの製造方法が開示されており、かかる肥料用リン酸含有スラグのリン酸含有量は、18.32質量%以上とされている。しかしながら、かかるリン酸含有量は、通常の製鉄プロセスの溶銑予備処理や脱炭処理で製造可能な製鋼スラグのリン酸含有量を大きく逸脱しており、通常の製鉄プロセスの溶銑予備処理や脱炭処理では、製造が不可能である。そのため、かかるスラグを製造するためには特別な工程が必要となり、コスト増の要因となる。
特許文献9にも、製鉄プロセスから得られるリン酸質肥料原料の製造方法が開示されており、かかるリン酸質肥料原料となるスラグのリン酸含有量は、15質量%以上とされている。しかしながら、かかるリン酸含有量は、通常の製鉄プロセスの溶銑予備処理や脱炭処理で製造可能な製鋼スラグのリン酸含有量を大きく逸脱しており、通常の製鉄プロセスの溶銑予備処理や脱炭処理では、製造が不可能である。そのため、かかるスラグを製造するためには特別な工程が必要となり、コスト増の要因となる。
<一般的な製鋼スラグについて>
本発明の実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグについて詳細に説明するに先立ち、比較のために、一般的な製鋼スラグについて、簡単に説明する。
CaO:45.8、SiO2:11.0、全鉄:17.4、MgO:6.5、
Al2O3:1.9、S:0.06、P2O5:1.7、MnO:5.3(各質量%)
以下に、本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグについて、詳細に説明する。
本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグは、所定量の成分を含有しており、高炉溶銑に対して脱リン処理を行うことによって得られる製鋼スラグであり、Ca、P、Si、Mg、Fe、Mn、B、S、Al等といった各種の元素を、所定量含有している。
以下、本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグが含有する各成分について、詳細に説明する。
まず、Caについて説明する。
Caは、植物に必須な肥料元素である。肥料や製鋼スラグにおいては、Caの含有量を表記する際には、酸化物のCaOに換算して含有量が表記されるため、以下では、CaOとしてCaの含有量を表わす。
具体的には、CaOの含有量が既知の測定サンプルを、含有量を変えながら複数準備して、蛍光X線分析装置により準備した測定サンプルのCa由来の蛍光X線強度を測定する。得られたCa由来の蛍光X線強度と、CaOの含有量と、を用いて、CaOの含有量と蛍光X線強度との間の関係を示す検量線を予め作成しておく。その後、着目するCaOの含有量が未知の試料について、蛍光X線分析装置によりCa由来の蛍光X線強度を測定し、得られた蛍光X線強度と、検量線と、を用いて、CaOの含有量を特定することができる。
すなわち、分析試料を振動ミル(川崎重工業株式会社製 T-100型)にセットして、分析試料を粉末状に粉砕する(装置条件:粉砕時間30秒、1000rpm)。粉砕した試料を、目開き212μmの篩を用いて、振分けを実施する。続いて、白金皿に、四ホウ酸リチウム(融剤)6g、上記目開き(212μm)の篩を通過した試料0.3g、ヨウ化リチウム(剥離材)耳かきさじ2杯程度を投入し、ビードサンプラーにて1,150℃×10分×3~4回融解を実施して、ガラスビードを作製する。同様に、標準物質についてもガラスビード状に加工実施する。蛍光X線分析装置(理学電気工業社製 ZSX PrimusII)にて検量線を作成し、上記目開き(212μm)の篩を通過した試料の定量及び標準物質による確認分析を実施する。本分析方法は、JIS規格「JIS M 8205」に準拠したものである。
続いて、Siについて説明する。
Siは、植物の必須要素ではないものの、稲、小麦、トウモロコシなどの、イネ科のケイ酸植物にとって、非常に重要な元素である。稲の植物体の乾燥質量の約5%をケイ酸(SiO2)が占める。肥料や製鋼スラグにおいては、Siの含有量を表記する際には、酸化物のSiO2に換算して含有量が表記されるため、以下、SiO2としてSiの含有量を表わす。
具体的には、SiO2の含有量が既知の測定サンプルを、含有量を変えながら複数準備して、蛍光X線分析装置により準備した測定サンプルのSi由来の蛍光X線強度を測定する。得られたSi由来の蛍光X線強度と、SiO2の含有量と、を用いて、SiO2の含有量と蛍光X線強度との間の関係を示す検量線を予め作成しておく。その後、着目するSiO2の含有量が未知の試料について、蛍光X線分析装置によりSi由来の蛍光X線強度を測定し、得られた蛍光X線強度と、検量線と、を用いて、SiO2の含有量を特定することができる。
本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグは、上記のようなCaO含有量及びSiO2含有量に関する条件を共に満足し、かつ、(CaO含有量/SiO2含有量)で表される塩基度が、1.5超過2.2以下となる。
塩基度が1.8の場合:21質量%以上27質量%以下
塩基度が1.7の場合:22質量%以上28質量%以下
塩基度が1.6の場合:24質量%以上30質量%以下
塩基度が1.5の場合:25質量%以上32質量%以下
塩基度が1.4の場合:27質量%以上34質量%以下
塩基度が2.1の場合:46質量%以上63質量%以下
塩基度が2.2の場合:48質量%以上66質量%以下
塩基度が2.3の場合:51質量%以上69質量%以下
次に、Pについて説明する。
Pは、N、Kとともに植物の必須要素である。Pは、遺伝子であるDNAやRNA、ATPなどのエネルギー代謝物質、細胞膜の構成物質などに必要な元素である。また、Pは、根の生長点に作用し、根の生長に効果がある元素である。Pが不足すると、根の生長が抑制される。
具体的には、Pの含有量が既知の測定サンプルを、含有量を変えながら複数準備して、蛍光X線分析装置により準備した測定サンプルのP由来の蛍光X線強度を測定する。得られたP由来の蛍光X線強度と、Pの含有量から算出したP2O5の換算量と、を用いて、P2O5の換算量と蛍光X線強度との間の関係を示す検量線を予め作成しておく。その後、着目するPの含有量が未知の試料について、蛍光X線分析装置によりP由来の蛍光X線強度を測定し、得られた蛍光X線強度と、検量線と、を用いて、P2O5の含有量を特定することができる。
続いて、Mgについて説明する。
Mgは、植物にとって必要な元素であり、二次要素とされている。
具体的には、Mgの含有量が既知の測定サンプルを、含有量を変えながら複数準備して、蛍光X線分析装置により準備した測定サンプルのMg由来の蛍光X線強度を測定する。得られたMg由来の蛍光X線強度と、Mgの含有量から算出したMgOの換算量と、を用いて、MgOの換算量と蛍光X線強度との間の関係を示す検量線を予め作成しておく。その後、着目するMgの含有量が未知の試料について、蛍光X線分析装置によりMg由来の蛍光X線強度を測定し、得られた蛍光X線強度と、検量線と、を用いて、MgOの含有量を特定することができる。
続いて、Feについて説明する。
Feは、植物に必要な微量要素であり、特殊肥料として含鉄物が使われている。しかしながら、酸性の土壌において、Feは植物に鉄過剰症を発生させる可能性があるため、植物に有害になり得る元素でもある。
具体的には、全鉄の含有量が既知の測定サンプルを、含有量を変えながら複数準備して、蛍光X線分析装置により準備した測定サンプルのFe由来の蛍光X線強度を測定する。得られたFe由来の蛍光X線強度と、全鉄の含有量と、を用いて、全鉄の含有量と蛍光X線強度との間の関係を示す検量線を予め作成しておく。その後、着目する全鉄の含有量が未知の試料について、蛍光X線分析装置によりFe由来の蛍光X線強度を測定し、得られた蛍光X線強度と、検量線と、を用いて、全鉄の含有量を特定することができる。
続いて、Mnについて説明する。
Mnも、微量要素として植物への肥料効果がある元素である。肥料や製鋼スラグにおいては、Mnの含有量を表記する際には、酸化物のMnOに換算して含有量が表記されるため、以下、MnOとしてMnの含有量を表わす。
具体的には、Mnの含有量が既知の測定サンプルを、含有量を変えながら複数準備して、蛍光X線分析装置により準備した測定サンプルのMn由来の蛍光X線強度を測定する。得られたMn由来の蛍光X線強度と、Mnの含有量から算出したMnOの換算量と、を用いて、MnOの換算量と蛍光X線強度との間の関係を示す検量線を予め作成しておく。その後、着目するMnの含有量が未知の試料について、蛍光X線分析装置によりMn由来の蛍光X線強度を測定し、得られた蛍光X線強度と、検量線と、を用いて、MnOの含有量を特定することができる。
続いて、ホウ素について説明する。
ホウ素は、植物に必要な微量要素であり、ホウ素が欠乏すると、植物にホウ素欠乏症が起きることが知られている。ホウ素は、植物の細胞壁の合成に必要な元素である。
具体的には、試料0.5gと試薬(炭酸ナトリウム2g、過酸化ナトリウム3g)をNi坩堝にいれて、アルカリ融解(バーナー加熱)を実施する。アルカリ融解後のNi坩堝をビーカーに入れ、水と塩酸(1:9)を入れてNi坩堝内容物が溶けたら、Ni坩堝を取り出し、ビーカーを加熱して、試料を溶解させる。得られた溶解試料を高周波誘導結合プラズマ中(装置:日立ハイテクサイエンス SPS3100)に導入し、ホウ素による発光を波長249.753nmで測定して、ホウ素を定量する。本分析方法は、JIS A 5011-3 附属書A に準拠した方法である。
続いて、硫黄について説明する。
硫黄は、システイン、メチオニンなど、含硫黄アミノ酸の生合成、更には、タンパク質の生合成に必要な元素であり、ネギ、タマネギ、ニンニクなどの生育には欠かせない元素である。
具体的には、試料0.5gと試薬(炭酸ナトリウム2g、過酸化ナトリウム3g)をNi坩堝にいれて、アルカリ融解(バーナー加熱)を実施する。アルカリ融解後のNi坩堝をビーカーに入れ、水と塩酸(1:9)を入れてNi坩堝内容物が溶けたら、Ni坩堝を取り出し、ビーカーを加熱して試料を溶解させる。得られた溶解試料を高周波誘導結合プラズマ中(装置日立ハイテクサイエンス SPS3100)に導入し、硫黄による発光を波長182.036nmで測定して、硫黄を定量する。本分析方法は、JIS A 5011-3 附属書A に準拠した方法である。
続いて、Alについて説明する。
肥料や製鋼スラグにおいては、Alの含有量を表記する際には、酸化物のAl2O3に換算して含有量が表記されるため、以下、Al2O3としてAlの含有量を表わす。
具体的には、Alの含有量が既知の測定サンプルを、含有量を変えながら複数準備して、蛍光X線分析装置により準備した測定サンプルのAl由来の蛍光X線強度を測定する。得られたAl由来の蛍光X線強度と、Alの含有量から算出したAl2O3の換算量と、を用いて、Al2O3の換算量と蛍光X線強度との間の関係を示す検量線を予め作成しておく。その後、着目するAlの含有量が未知の試料について、蛍光X線分析装置によりAl由来の蛍光X線強度を測定し、得られた蛍光X線強度と、検量線と、を用いて、Al2O3の含有量を特定することができる。
本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグは、上記のような組成を有することで、そのかさ比重(より詳細には、ゆるめかさ比重)が1.9以上2.8以下となる。かさ比重が1.9未満である場合には、多量の降雨によって、肥料が流亡する可能性が高まるため、好ましくない。一方、かさ比重が2.8を超える場合には、肥料の取扱者が重量感を感じるようになり、好ましくない。本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグのかさ比重は、好ましくは、2.0以上2.7以下であり、より好ましくは、2.1以上2.6以下である。
本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグは、その組織として、2CaO・SiO2-3CaO・P2O5固溶体、及び、FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO2系固溶体を共に含有することが好ましい。これらの固溶体は、以下で説明するように、肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造時において溶融状態にあるスラグを固化させる際に、スラグを急冷することで、より効率良く形成させることが可能となる。
本実施形態では、以上説明したような肥料原料用製鋼スラグを粉砕等により適切な粒径に調整することで、肥料の原料として好適に用いることが可能である。かかる肥料原料用製鋼スラグの粉砕には、例えば、ジョークラッシャー、ハンマークラッシャー、ロッドミル、ボールミル、ロールミル、ローラーミルなどの公知の手段を用いることができる。
続いて、本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法について、詳細に説明する。本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグは、高炉溶銑に対して、以下で説明するような特定の脱リン処理を行うことで、製造される。
上記(1)に示した高炉溶銑注入工程は、生成された高炉溶銑を転炉型鍋に注入する工程である。高炉溶銑を、転炉型鍋に注入する際に、(フリーボード/炉内高)で表される空隙比率が0.5未満である場合には、フリーボードが小さくなりすぎる結果、溶銑液面の上方に存在する空隙が狭くなりすぎてしまうため、高炉溶銑を十分にフォーミングさせることが困難となり、十分に脱リン反応を進行させることができなくなるため好ましくない。一方、(フリーボード/炉内高)で表される空隙比率が0.9を超える場合には、脱リンする溶銑の量が少なくなり非効率となるため好ましくなく、また、転炉型鍋の中にわずかしか高炉溶銑が注入されていないことになるため、操業効率が低下し生産性が低下してしまう。(フリーボード/炉内高)で表される空隙比率は、好ましくは、0.5以上0.8以下であり、より好ましくは、0.6以上0.8以下である。
上記(2)に示した添加材投入工程は、転炉型鍋中の高炉溶銑に対して、マンガン鉱石、マンガン含有脱炭スラグ、及び、フェロマンガンの少なくとも何れかを、所望のスラグ中MnO含有量(すなわち、スラグ中MnO含有量3質量%以上10質量%以下)となるように投入する工程である。ここで、上記の添加材のうち、どの添加材をどのような分量で投入するかについては、特に限定されるものではなく、所望のスラグ中MnO含有量に応じて、適宜決定すればよい。
上記(3)に示した脱リン処理工程は、MnO含有量が調整された高炉溶銑に対して、カルシウム源及び酸素を吹き込み、所定の温度でスラグをフォーミングさせることで、高炉溶銑の脱リン処理を行う工程である。
上記(4)に示したスラグ固化工程は、脱リン処理後の溶融スラグを所定の方法により固化させる工程である。
すなわち、(a)転炉型鍋を傾けることで、脱リン処理後の溶融スラグをスラグ鍋に傾注した後、スラグ鍋中の前記溶融スラグを、傾転可能な第1の耐熱性容器へと傾注し、(b)第1の耐熱性容器内で散水を行うことで、溶融スラグを例えば600℃程度まで急速冷却して固化させた上で、固化したスラグを破砕し、(c)第1の耐熱性容器を傾転させて、固化したスラグを第2の耐熱性容器内に滑り落とすことで破砕する。
上記(5)に示したスラグ粉砕工程は、上記のようにして固化させた製鋼スラグを、所望の粒径となるように粉砕する工程である。
続いて、本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグを用いた肥料の製造方法について、簡単に説明する。
以上説明したような本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグは、その粒径を所定の範囲内(例えば、全て600μm未満程度)に調整することで、そのまま肥料として使用することが可能である。すなわち、本実施形態に係る肥料の製造方法は、上記のような肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法で製造された肥料原料用製鋼スラグを、公知の手段により粉化するものである。
続いて、本実施形態に係る肥料原料用製鋼スラグを含む肥料の施肥方法について説明する。
以上説明したような肥料原料用製鋼スラグを含む肥料は、降雨量が多い地域や河川の氾濫が多い地域の酸性の土壌であっても、水流による流亡なしに容易かつ低コストで、多種類の元素を植物の肥料として供給することができる。より詳細には、以下で説明するような方法で、特定の酸性土壌に対して施肥することで、酸性土壌のアルカリ化を図り、かつ、生育したい植物に対して、より効果的に多種類の元素を肥料として供給することができる。
以下に示す方法により、肥料原料用製鋼スラグを製造した。
すなわち、(フリーボード/炉内高)で表わされる空隙比率が0.7である転炉内で、一般的な高炉溶銑にマンガン含有脱炭スラグを追加投入した後、平均粒径1mm以下の生石灰と酸素を溶銑中に挿入したランスから吹き込み、1350℃でフォーミングさせながら脱リン処理を行った。出鋼後に、生成したスラグに対して、二つの冷却処理を実施した。一つは、転炉を傾けて皿状の耐熱性容器に入れ、薄く広げた上で散水することで、急冷した。もう一つは、転炉を傾けて、スラグ鍋に入れ、30分間後、スラグ鍋を排さい場で傾けることでスラグを排さいして放置し、常温まで徐冷した。
上記のような肥料を用い、以下の表3に分析結果を記した土壌において、水稲の栽培試験を実施した。かかる土壌において、pH(H2O)、pH(KCl)、有効態リン酸含有量を、先だって説明した方法により測定したところ、pH(H2O)は、4以上6以下の範囲内にあり、pH(H2O)-pH(KCl)の値は、1以上であって、有効態リン酸含有量も、5mg/100g乾土以下であった。
上記実施例2に記載した、急冷した製鋼スラグを原料とする肥料、徐冷した製鋼スラグを原料とする肥料、及び、製鋼スラグを原料とする市販の肥料を用い、以下の表7に分析結果を記した土壌において、水稲の栽培試験を実施した。なお、土壌の分析方法は、実施例2と同様である。
Claims (18)
- 質量%で、
P2O5:2%以上8%以下、
MnO:3%以上10%以下、
ホウ素:0.005%以上0.05%未満、
全鉄:7%以上15%未満、
CaO:38%以上48%以下、
SiO2:22%以上30%以下、
硫黄:0.1%以上0.6%以下、
MgO:1%以上8%以下、
Al2O3:0.5%以上3%以下、
を含有し、
前記P2O5中の可溶性P2O5の割合が、50%以上であり、
前記MnO中のく溶性MnOの割合が、80%以上であり、
(CaO含有量/SiO2含有量)で表されるスラグ塩基度が、1.5超過2.2以下であり、
かさ比重が、1.9以上2.8以下である、肥料原料用製鋼スラグ。 - 2CaO・SiO2-3CaO・P2O5固溶体、及び、FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO2系固溶体をそれぞれ含有する、請求項1に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグ。
- 前記ホウ素中のく溶性ホウ素の割合が、95%以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグ。
- 粒径が、全体として5mm未満であり、かつ、粒径が600μm未満であるものの質量割合が、全質量に対して60%以上である、請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグ。
- 請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法であって、
転炉型鍋に対し、(炉口から溶銑液面までの長さに対応するフリーボード/炉口から炉内底までの長さに対応する炉内高)で表される空隙比率が0.5以上0.9以下となるように、高炉溶銑を注入し、
前記転炉型鍋中の前記高炉溶銑に対して、マンガン鉱石、マンガン含有脱炭スラグ、及び、フェロマンガンの少なくとも何れかを添加し、
前記高炉溶銑内に挿入したランスから、前記高炉溶銑に対して、平均粒径が1mm以下である、生石灰及び/又は炭酸カルシウムと、酸素と、を吹き込み、
1300℃以上1400℃以下でスラグをフォーミングさせて脱リン処理を行い、
(CaO含有量/SiO2含有量)で表されるスラグ塩基度が、1.5超過2.2以下となり、かつ、スラグ中のMnO含有量が3質量%以上10質量%以下となるように製造する、肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。 - 前記脱リン処理後の溶融スラグを皿状の耐熱性容器内に注入し、急速冷却することで固化させる、請求項5に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。
- 散水を行うことで、前記脱リン処理後の溶融スラグを急速冷却する、請求項6に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。
- 前記転炉型鍋を傾けることで、前記脱リン処理後の溶融スラグをスラグ鍋に傾注した後、前記スラグ鍋中の前記溶融スラグを、傾転可能な第1の耐熱性容器へと傾注し、
前記第1の耐熱性容器内で散水を行うことで前記溶融スラグを急速冷却して固化させた上で、固化したスラグを破砕し、
前記第1の耐熱性容器を傾転させて、固化した前記スラグを第2の耐熱性容器内に滑り落とすことで破砕する、請求項5~7の何れか一項に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。 - 急速冷却により、2CaO・SiO2-3CaO・P2O5固溶体、及び、FeO-MnO-CaO-SiO2系固溶体をそれぞれ形成させる、請求項5~8の何れか1項に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。
- 粒径が、全体として5mm未満であり、かつ、粒径が600μm未満であるものの質量割合が全質量に対して60%以上となるように、スラグを粉砕する、請求項5~9の何れか1項に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法。
- 請求項1~請求項4の何れか1項に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、又は、請求項5~10の何れか1項に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法で製造された肥料原料用製鋼スラグを粉化する、肥料の製造方法。
- 粉化後の前記肥料原料用製鋼スラグに対して所定の結合剤を添加した後、造粒する、請求項11に記載の肥料の製造方法。
- 得られた肥料に対し、更に有機物を混合する、請求項11又は12に記載の肥料の製造方法。
- 前記有機物は、家畜ふん、植物残渣、及び、魚介類から得られる堆肥の少なくとも何れかである、請求項13に記載の肥料の製造方法。
- 請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、請求項5~10の何れか1項に記載の肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法で製造された肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、又は、請求項11~請求項14の何れか1項に記載の肥料の製造方法で製造された肥料を含む肥料を、
pH(H2O)が4以上6以下であり、(pH(H2O)-pH(KCl))で表される値が1以上であり、かつ、有効態リン酸が5mg/100g乾土以下である土壌に対して施肥する、施肥方法。 - 前記肥料の施用量が、前記肥料原料用製鋼スラグとして、0.05t/ha以上2t/ha以下である、請求項15に記載の施肥方法。
- 前記肥料を、播種あるいは苗植え前に、作土層表面に撒くか、又は、当該作土層と混合する、請求項15又は16に記載の施肥方法。
- 前記肥料を、栽培する植物体の近傍の作土層表面に撒くか、又は、当該作土層中に混合する、請求項15又は16に記載の施肥方法。
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2018282388A AU2018282388B2 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material, method for producing steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material, method for producing fertilizer, and fertilizer application method |
| RU2019104424A RU2707811C1 (ru) | 2017-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Сталеплавильный шлак в качестве сырья для удобрения, способ производства сталеплавильного шлака в качестве сырья для удобрения, способ производства удобрения и способ применения удобрения |
| MYPI2019000709A MY190802A (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material, method for producing steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material, method for producing fertilizer, and fertilizer application method |
| JP2018562267A JP6497492B1 (ja) | 2017-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | 肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法、肥料の製造方法及び施肥方法 |
| CN201880003197.0A CN109563005A (zh) | 2017-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | 肥料原料用炼钢炉渣、肥料原料用炼钢炉渣的制造方法、肥料的制造方法及施肥方法 |
| KR1020197002253A KR102189122B1 (ko) | 2017-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | 비료 원료용 제강 슬래그, 비료 원료용 제강 슬래그의 제조 방법, 비료의 제조 방법 및 시비 방법 |
| CR20190159A CR20190159A (es) | 2017-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Escoria de acero para materia prima de fertilizante, método para la producción de escoria de acero para materia prima de fertilizante, método para la producción del fertilizante y método de aplicación del fertilizante |
| PH12019500324A PH12019500324A1 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2019-02-15 | Steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material, method for producing steelmaking slag for fertilizer raw material, method for producing fertilizer, and fertilizer application method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017126093 | 2017-06-28 | ||
| JP2017-126093 | 2017-06-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2019004339A1 true WO2019004339A1 (ja) | 2019-01-03 |
Family
ID=64742176
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2018/024529 Ceased WO2019004339A1 (ja) | 2017-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | 肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法、肥料の製造方法及び施肥方法 |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6497492B1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR102189122B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN109563005A (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2018282388B2 (ja) |
| CR (1) | CR20190159A (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY190802A (ja) |
| PH (1) | PH12019500324A1 (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2707811C1 (ja) |
| TW (1) | TWI675814B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2019004339A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114258264A (zh) | 2019-08-21 | 2022-03-29 | 协和化学工业株式会社 | 蘑菇培养基用添加剂 |
| CN112299902B (zh) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-04-19 | 蒋奇晋 | 一种促进有机肥发酵的矿物添加剂及其制备和使用方法 |
| MA65525A1 (fr) * | 2024-04-18 | 2025-10-31 | Societe Concamine | Amendement organo-mineral mur et stable a base des scories associees au fumier de cheval |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4741825B1 (ja) * | 1968-07-27 | 1972-10-23 | ||
| JPS5468713A (en) * | 1977-11-11 | 1979-06-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | Steel making process reducing discharge of slag and enhancing characteristics of the same |
| JPS5738388A (en) * | 1980-08-20 | 1982-03-03 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Manufacture of silicate fertilizer from industrial waste |
| CN101701281A (zh) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-05-05 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | 一种转炉精炼低氧钢用预熔精炼渣 |
| JP2012041229A (ja) * | 2010-08-18 | 2012-03-01 | Nippon Steel Corp | 製鋼スラグの資源化方法 |
| JP5881286B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-05 | 2016-03-09 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 製鋼スラグ粒を用いた水稲の収量を増加させ、かつ、メタンガスと亜酸化窒素ガスの発生を抑制する方法 |
Family Cites Families (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3617040A (en) | 1969-10-01 | 1971-11-02 | Koppers Co Inc | Pallet for sintering machines |
| JPS6011556B2 (ja) | 1980-01-21 | 1985-03-26 | 横河電機株式会社 | パルス発生回路 |
| JPS5771791A (en) | 1980-10-21 | 1982-05-04 | Mizuno Tekko Kk | Hand in automatic feeder for work for lathe |
| JPS57179090A (en) * | 1981-04-28 | 1982-11-04 | Kawasaki Steel Co | Manufacture of phosphatic fertilizer |
| JPS6040064B2 (ja) | 1981-12-28 | 1985-09-09 | パナフアコム株式会社 | デ−タ転送制御方式 |
| SU1789565A1 (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1993-01-23 | Zaporozh Ind Inst | Method of heating scrap for steelmaking |
| KR20000061948A (ko) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-10-25 | 김재인 | 소각잔재와 유기성 폐기물을 이용한 입상수분조절재 및 입상규산질 비료 제조방법 |
| JP4091745B2 (ja) | 2000-01-14 | 2008-05-28 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 珪酸質肥料の製造方法 |
| JP4246782B2 (ja) | 2000-01-14 | 2009-04-02 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 珪酸質肥料の製造方法 |
| AU761290B2 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2003-05-29 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Silicic fertilizer and production method thereof |
| JP4211396B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-17 | 2009-01-21 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 燐酸肥料用原料 |
| JP4202254B2 (ja) * | 2001-10-31 | 2008-12-24 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 珪酸質肥料用原料の製造方法 |
| WO2003037824A1 (fr) * | 2001-10-31 | 2003-05-08 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Matiere premiere pour fertilisant de phosphate de silicate et son procede de production |
| JP4040542B2 (ja) | 2002-11-20 | 2008-01-30 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | ケイ酸質肥料 |
| JP5573403B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-22 | 2014-08-20 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 製鋼スラグの資源化方法及び燐酸肥料用原料 |
| CN102795910B (zh) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-26 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | 基于钢铁生产废弃物的掺混肥料及其制备方法 |
| JP6040064B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-12-07 | 産業振興株式会社 | 鉱さいりん酸肥料の製造方法 |
| JP5935770B2 (ja) * | 2013-07-19 | 2016-06-15 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 燐酸資源原料の製造方法及び燐酸質肥料 |
| JP6172194B2 (ja) | 2014-07-23 | 2017-08-02 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 溶銑の予備処理方法 |
| JP6458449B2 (ja) | 2014-10-29 | 2019-01-30 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | リン酸肥料原料の製造方法 |
| CN115074489A (zh) | 2014-12-16 | 2022-09-20 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | 铁液的预处理方法 |
| JP6631265B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-15 | 2020-01-15 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 脱リンスラグの製造方法 |
| CN106282487B (zh) * | 2016-09-13 | 2019-03-29 | 北京北科中钢工程技术有限公司 | 一种铁水预脱磷方法 |
-
2018
- 2018-06-28 JP JP2018562267A patent/JP6497492B1/ja active Active
- 2018-06-28 TW TW107122317A patent/TWI675814B/zh active
- 2018-06-28 AU AU2018282388A patent/AU2018282388B2/en active Active
- 2018-06-28 MY MYPI2019000709A patent/MY190802A/en unknown
- 2018-06-28 KR KR1020197002253A patent/KR102189122B1/ko active Active
- 2018-06-28 RU RU2019104424A patent/RU2707811C1/ru active
- 2018-06-28 WO PCT/JP2018/024529 patent/WO2019004339A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2018-06-28 CR CR20190159A patent/CR20190159A/es unknown
- 2018-06-28 CN CN201880003197.0A patent/CN109563005A/zh active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-02-15 PH PH12019500324A patent/PH12019500324A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4741825B1 (ja) * | 1968-07-27 | 1972-10-23 | ||
| JPS5468713A (en) * | 1977-11-11 | 1979-06-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | Steel making process reducing discharge of slag and enhancing characteristics of the same |
| JPS5738388A (en) * | 1980-08-20 | 1982-03-03 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Manufacture of silicate fertilizer from industrial waste |
| CN101701281A (zh) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-05-05 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | 一种转炉精炼低氧钢用预熔精炼渣 |
| JP2012041229A (ja) * | 2010-08-18 | 2012-03-01 | Nippon Steel Corp | 製鋼スラグの資源化方法 |
| JP5881286B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-05 | 2016-03-09 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 製鋼スラグ粒を用いた水稲の収量を増加させ、かつ、メタンガスと亜酸化窒素ガスの発生を抑制する方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| GAO, XU ET AL.: "Application of Fertilizer Made of Steelmaking Slag in the Recovery of Paddy Fields Damaged by the Tsunami of 2011", ISIJ INTERNATIONAL, vol. 56, no. 6, 2016, pages 1103 - 1110, XP055569383 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI675814B (zh) | 2019-11-01 |
| RU2707811C1 (ru) | 2019-11-29 |
| TW201904917A (zh) | 2019-02-01 |
| MY190802A (en) | 2022-05-12 |
| JPWO2019004339A1 (ja) | 2019-06-27 |
| AU2018282388B2 (en) | 2019-09-19 |
| CR20190159A (es) | 2019-05-16 |
| KR20190022720A (ko) | 2019-03-06 |
| JP6497492B1 (ja) | 2019-04-10 |
| PH12019500324A1 (en) | 2020-01-20 |
| CN109563005A (zh) | 2019-04-02 |
| AU2018282388A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
| KR102189122B1 (ko) | 2020-12-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6497493B1 (ja) | 肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法、肥料の製造方法及び施肥方法 | |
| JP6497492B1 (ja) | 肥料原料用製鋼スラグ、肥料原料用製鋼スラグの製造方法、肥料の製造方法及び施肥方法 | |
| Qassem et al. | Slag from steel production as a versatile fertilizer: Evaluation of ladle furnace slag in sandy soils and hydroponics | |
| JP5463507B2 (ja) | 小麦栽培の元肥として用いるpk複合肥料 | |
| JPH0223514B2 (ja) | ||
| JP5105322B2 (ja) | 珪酸燐酸肥料用原料及びその製造方法 | |
| JP7485913B2 (ja) | 肥料及び肥料の施肥方法 | |
| JP2013155273A (ja) | 土壌改良材及び土壌改良方法 | |
| JP4938711B2 (ja) | 肥料用スラグとその製造方法 | |
| JP2001002485A (ja) | 無機組成物とそれを用いた肥料、土壌改質剤 | |
| JP3688274B2 (ja) | 水稲のカドミウム吸収を抑制する水稲栽培法 | |
| JP2006306696A (ja) | 珪酸質肥料用原料及びその製造方法 | |
| JPH07121836B2 (ja) | 土壌改良肥料 | |
| JP2002047081A (ja) | ケイ酸質肥料 | |
| JP2020019701A (ja) | 非晶質組成物、熔融水砕物、熔融水砕物含有組成物、及び肥料 | |
| JP4119923B2 (ja) | 珪酸質肥料 | |
| JP2000034481A (ja) | 無機組成物とその製造方法、それを用いた肥料と土壌改質剤 | |
| JP2001213679A (ja) | 稲作用肥料 | |
| JP2015137213A (ja) | 非晶性肥料組成物及びその製造方法 | |
| JP2002068871A (ja) | ケイ酸質肥料 | |
| JP2001026487A (ja) | 無機組成物とそれを用いた肥料、土壌改質剤 | |
| JP2002068870A (ja) | ケイ酸質肥料 | |
| JP2019119657A (ja) | けい酸苦土肥料およびその製造方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2018562267 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2018282388 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20180628 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20197002253 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 18823385 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 18823385 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |