WO2019003539A1 - 熱間プレス部材およびその製造方法ならびに熱間プレス用冷延鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
熱間プレス部材およびその製造方法ならびに熱間プレス用冷延鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019003539A1 WO2019003539A1 PCT/JP2018/013717 JP2018013717W WO2019003539A1 WO 2019003539 A1 WO2019003539 A1 WO 2019003539A1 JP 2018013717 W JP2018013717 W JP 2018013717W WO 2019003539 A1 WO2019003539 A1 WO 2019003539A1
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- less
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- steel sheet
- rolled steel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/012—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/02—Hardening by precipitation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0426—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0436—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0463—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0473—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
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- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hot pressed member and a method of manufacturing the same, and a cold rolled steel sheet for hot pressing and a method of manufacturing the same, and particularly to improve delayed fracture resistance and resistance spot weldability of a hot pressed member.
- a hot pressed member means a member obtained by hot press forming a cold rolled steel plate having hardenability to increase strength.
- the cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention is not only a general cold rolled steel sheet, but also a hot-dip galvanized cold rolled steel sheet (including an alloyed hot-dip galvanized cold rolled steel sheet) and an electrogalvanized cold rolled steel sheet (electric zinc nickel alloy Includes plated cold rolled steel sheets), aluminum plated cold rolled steel sheets, etc.
- High strength steel plates used for structural members and reinforcing members of automobiles are required to be excellent in formability.
- steel plates of TS: 1780 MPa or more have low ductility, so cracking occurs during cold press forming and large spring back occurs due to high yield strength, so high dimensions after cold press forming Accuracy can not be obtained.
- delayed fracture hydrogen embrittlement
- hot press also referred to as hot stamp, die quench, press quench, etc.
- hot pressing after heating a steel plate to the temperature range of austenite single phase, forming (processing) with high temperature enables forming with high dimensional accuracy, and quenching by cooling after forming This is a molding method that enables high strength.
- this hot press since the residual stress after press forming is reduced as compared with the cold press, the delayed fracture resistance is also improved.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for improving delayed fracture resistance by controlling the amount of precipitation of alloy carbonitrides or cementite.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for improving delayed fracture resistance by forming retained austenite after hot pressing.
- Patent Document 1 the Ti-based carbides described in Patent Document 1 are insufficient for achieving the refinement of the prior austenite grain size, and the function as trap sites for hydrogen entering from the surface is also insufficient. It can not be said that it has a delayed fracture resistance. Furthermore, it can not be said that the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding can be secured.
- retained austenite can be a trap site of hydrogen, but if retained austenite having a high C concentration is present, the hardness distribution becomes large in the heat affected zone (HAZ) after resistance spot welding, and the cross tension strength Decrease.
- the present inventors have made it possible to improve both the delayed fracture resistance of the hot pressed member and the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding.
- As a microstructure it is effective to disperse fine Ti-based precipitates on the surface layer of the member and to precipitate cementite as martensite as trap sites for hydrogen, thereby providing excellent delayed fracture resistance and resistance spot welding. It has been found that the later cross tensile strength can be simultaneously improved.
- the former austenite average grain size becomes finer, and the Ti-based precipitates function as trap sites for hydrogen which intrudes from the surface along with corrosion.
- the delayed fracture resistance is improved.
- Ti-based precipitates refine the microstructure of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) even after the temperature rise by resistance spot welding, so the toughness against the stress applied to the nugget end is improved and the hardness decrease due to HAZ softening is also achieved. Since it is suppressed, the cross tensile strength is improved.
- cementite when cementite is dispersed in the martensite of the microstructure of the member, the cementite becomes a trap site of hydrogen and contributes to the improvement of the delayed fracture resistance.
- the presence of cementite having a particle diameter of 0.05 ⁇ m or more results in complete dissolution of cementite in the HAZ softened portion after resistance spot welding without the dissolution of solid solution C, which makes it possible to secure toughness and cross tensile strength. I found it to improve.
- Cr and Mo are useful because they have little influence on the above-mentioned transformation behavior in the nugget.
- Ti affects the securing of the delayed fracture resistance and the cross tensile strength as described above. Therefore, it is preferable to improve the delayed fracture resistance and the cross tensile strength in consideration of the ratio of the amounts of C, Mn and P added and the amounts of Cr, Mo and Ti added. The present invention is based on the above findings.
- the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows.
- 1. Steel chemical composition of the member is, by mass%, C: 0.28% or more and less than 0.42%, Si: 1.5% or less, Mn: 1.1% or more and 2.4% or less, P: 0.05% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Al: 0.01 %, 0.50% or less, N: 0.010% or less, Ti: 0.005% or more and 0.15% or less, and Mo: 0.50% or less and Cr: 0.50% or less, containing one or two selected from the remainder It consists of Fe and unavoidable impurities,
- the cementite has a microstructure of the former austenite average grain size of 8 ⁇ m or less, a volume fraction of martensite of 90% or more, and a grain size of 0.05 ⁇ m or more in average per 200 ⁇ m 2 of the cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the member There are 10 or more Furthermore, Ti-based precipitates having a particle diameter of less than 0.10 ⁇ m in the
- the above-mentioned members are, in mass%, Nb: 0.15% or less, B: 0.0050% or less, Sb: 0.001% or more and 0.020% or less, Ca: 0.005% or less, Mg: 0.005% or less, REM: 0.005% or less, V: 0.15% or less, Cu: 0.50% or less, Ni: 0.50% or less, Sn: 0.50% or less, Zn: 0.10% or less, Co: 0.10% or less, Zr: 0.10% or less, Ta: 0.10% or less and W: 0.10%
- the chemical composition of the steel plate is, in mass%, C: 0.28% or more and less than 0.42%, Si: 1.5% or less, Mn: 1.1% or more and 2.4% or less, P: 0.05% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Al: 0.01% More than 0.50% or less, N: 0.010% or less, Ti: 0.005% or more and 0.15% or less, and Mo: 0.50% or less and Cr: 0.50% or less containing one or two kinds, the balance being Fe And inevitable impurities,
- the microstructure of the steel sheet contains martensite having an average crystal grain size of 4 ⁇ m or less in a volume ratio of 5 to 45%, and further has a particle size of less than 0.10 ⁇ m in the range from 100 ⁇ m in the thickness direction from the steel sheet surface
- the steel sheet is, in mass%, Nb: 0.15% or less, B: 0.0050% or less, Sb: 0.001% or more and 0.020% or less, Ca: 0.005% or less, Mg: 0.005% or less, REM: 0.005% or less, V: 0.15% or less, Cu: 0.50% or less, Ni: 0.50% or less, Sn: 0.50% or less, Zn: 0.10% or less, Co: 0.10% or less, Zr: 0.10% or less, Ta: 0.10% or less and W: 0.10% 5.
- the cold rolled steel sheet for hot pressing as described in 5 above, which contains one or more selected from the following.
- the first average cooling rate to the cooling stop temperature is set to 70 ° C./s or more, and primary cooling is performed to cool the cooling stop temperature to 700 ° C. or less, After the above primary cooling, the second average cooling rate to the winding temperature is set to 5 to 50 ° C./s, and secondary cooling is performed at a winding temperature of 450 ° C.
- the hot rolled steel sheet which has been wound up is pickled and cold rolled, and then heated to a temperature range of 700 to 830 ° C. at an average heating rate of 5 to 20 ° C./s. Annealed for 600 seconds,
- the manufacturing method of the cold rolled steel sheet for hot presses which gives 3rd cooling which makes 3rd average cooling rate 5 degrees C / s or more, and cools to the cooling stop temperature of 600 degrees C or less after said soaking.
- the molten steel is, in mass%, further Nb: 0.15% or less, B: 0.0050% or less, Sb: 0.001% or more and 0.020% or less, Ca: 0.005% or less, Mg: 0.005% or less, REM: 0.005% or less, V: 0.15% or less, Cu: 0.50% or less, Ni: 0.50% or less, Sn: 0.50% or less, Zn: 0.10% or less, Co: 0.10% or less, Zr: 0.10% or less, Ta: 0.10% or less and W: 0.10% 9.
- the method for producing a cold rolled steel sheet for hot pressing as described in 9 above, which contains one or more selected from the following.
- a method for producing a hot pressed member wherein the cold rolled steel sheet for hot pressing according to any one of 5 to 8 is heated at a temperature range of Ac 3 transformation point to 1000 ° C. and then hot pressed.
- a hot pressed member which has extremely high tensile strength after hot pressing and at the same time has excellent delayed fracture resistance and cruciform tensile strength after high resistance spot welding.
- it has a tensile strength of 1780 MPa or more, no cracks even after immersion in hydrochloric acid, and a delayed fracture resistance showing a cross tensile strength of 5 kN or more (preferably 6.5 kN or more) under the condition of 6.1 mm nugget diameter after resistance spot welding.
- the microstructure of the hot pressed member has a former austenite average crystal grain size of 8 ⁇ m or less, a volume fraction of martensite of 90% or more, and a cementite having a grain size of 0.05 ⁇ m or more parallel to the thickness direction of the member 200 ⁇ m 2
- Ti-based precipitates with a particle diameter of less than 0.10 ⁇ m in the range from 100 to 100 ⁇ m in the thickness direction from the surface of the member are on average 10 per 100 ⁇ m 2 in cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the member. It is the microstructure that exists above.
- the prior austenite average crystal grain size is more than 8 ⁇ m, the delayed fracture resistance is deteriorated, so the upper limit thereof is 8 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit thereof is 8 ⁇ m.
- it is 7 micrometers or less, More preferably, it is 6.5 micrometers or less.
- the volume fraction of martensite is 90% or more. Preferably it is 93% or more, more preferably 95% or more. It may be 100%. As the remaining structure, ferrite, bainite, pearlite and the like can be considered, but if they are 4% or less in total, there is no problem.
- cementite having a particle diameter of 0.05 ⁇ m or more needs to be present on an average of 10 or more per 200 ⁇ m 2 of the cross section. Preferably it is 20 or more.
- cementite precipitates it serves as a trap site of hydrogen and contributes to the improvement of delayed fracture resistance, and in the HAZ softened part after resistance spot welding, cementite is not completely dissolved due to resistance spot welding but solid solution Since C is reduced, the toughness of the HAZ softened portion after welding is improved, and as a result, the cross tensile strength is improved.
- the grain size of cementite is less than 0.05 ⁇ m, or the grain size is 0.05 ⁇ m or more and the number is less than 10 on average, the delayed fracture resistance and the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding Is degraded.
- the upper limit of the particle size of cementite is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m or less.
- cementite having a particle size of less than 0.05 ⁇ m is present, if ten or more cementites having a particle size of 0.05 ⁇ m or more are present on average, it is possible to secure desired characteristics.
- the cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the member to be measured is not particularly limited, and any cross section may be used.
- Ti-based precipitates having a particle diameter of less than 0.10 ⁇ m in the range from 100 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m in the thickness direction from the member surface must be present at an average of 10 or more per 100 ⁇ m 2 in cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the member . Preferably it is 15 or more.
- Ti-based precipitates include TiC, TiN, Ti (C, N), and the like. Further, even if Ti-based precipitates having a particle diameter of 0.10 ⁇ m or more are present, it is possible to secure desired characteristics if 10 or more Ti-based precipitates having a particle diameter of less than 0.10 ⁇ m are on average.
- the cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the member to be measured is not particularly limited, and any cross section may be used. Further, the lower limit of the particle size of the target Ti-based precipitate is 0.005 ⁇ m.
- microstructure of cold rolled steel sheet for hot pressing In order to obtain desired properties as a hot press member, it is important to control the microstructure of the cold rolled steel sheet for hot press. That is, as the microstructure of the cold rolled steel sheet for hot pressing, it contains martensite having an average crystal grain size of 4 ⁇ m or less in a range of 5 to 45% by volume ratio, and further a range from the surface layer to 100 ⁇ m in the plate thickness direction.
- the Ti-based precipitate having a particle size of less than 0.10 ⁇ m is present in an average of 15 or more per 100 ⁇ m 2 of the cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the steel sheet.
- the concentration distribution of C and Mn changes during hot pressing, and the desired cementite dispersion state can not be obtained, so delay resistance The fracture properties and the cross tensile strength are reduced.
- the volume fraction of martensite is less than 5% or more than 45%, the desired cementite dispersion state can not be obtained similarly, so that the delayed fracture resistance and the cross tensile strength decrease.
- it is in the range of 10% to 40%.
- Ti-based precipitates having a particle diameter of less than 0.10 ⁇ m are on average 15 per 100 ⁇ m 2 in a cross section parallel to the thickness direction of a cold rolled steel sheet. If it is less than this, a desired distribution form of Ti-based precipitates can not be obtained after the hot pressing, so that the delayed fracture resistance and the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding may be reduced. Therefore, as a cold-rolled steel plate before hot pressing, Ti-based precipitates having a particle diameter of less than 0.10 ⁇ m are on average 15 per 100 ⁇ m 2 cross section parallel to the plate thickness direction in the range from the surface layer to 100 ⁇ m in the plate thickness direction. More than one. Preferably it is 20 or more.
- ferrite having an average aspect ratio of 3.0 or less and an average crystal grain size of 7 ⁇ m or less It is preferable to contain 20% or more by volume ratio.
- the preferred upper limit of this volume ratio is 80%.
- C and Mn are concentrated in hard phases other than ferrite, and a desired prior austenite grain size can not be obtained after hot pressing.
- the remaining tissue, bainite, pearlite and the like can be considered, but if they are 25% or less in total, there is no problem.
- the requirement that martensite having an average crystal grain size of 4 ⁇ m or less is in the range of 5 to 45% by volume is mainly continuous casting or hot casting during the manufacturing process of the cold rolled steel sheet described later.
- there is also a requirement that Ti-based precipitates with a particle size of less than 0.10 ⁇ m in the range from 100 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m in the thickness direction from steel sheet surface average 15 or more per 100 ⁇ m 2 cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the steel sheet Is mainly achieved by continuous casting, hot rolling and annealing processes.
- C 0.28% or more and less than 0.42% C is an element effective for strengthening the steel and is an important element for strengthening martensite after hot pressing to increase the strength of the steel.
- the preferred C content is 0.30% or more.
- C is added by 0.42% or more, the hardness after resistance spot welding becomes hard, the toughness decreases, and the cross tensile strength decreases. Therefore, the amount of C is less than 0.40%. Preferably it is less than 0.39%.
- Si 1.5% or less Si solid-solution strengthens ferrite and is an element effective for strengthening.
- excessive addition of Si lowers the toughness at the time of resistance spot welding and degrades the cross tensile strength, so the content thereof is made 1.5% or less.
- Preferably it is 1.2% or less.
- the lower limit of Si is not particularly defined, it is preferable to set it as 0.005% because extremely low Si formation causes an increase in cost.
- Mn 1.1% or more and 2.4% or less Mn is an element that contributes to the formation of martensite after hot pressing, that is, high strength, in order to improve the hardenability during hot pressing.
- the amount of Mn needs to be 1.1% or more. Preferably, it is 1.3% or more.
- Mn content is made 2.4% or less. Preferably it is 2.2% or less, More preferably, it is less than 2.0%.
- P 0.05% or less P contributes to high strength by solid solution strengthening, but when it is added excessively, segregation to the grain boundary becomes remarkable to embrittle the grain boundary, so after resistance spot welding
- the P content is made 0.05% or less because the cross tensile strength of the steel is decreased.
- Preferably it is 0.02% or less.
- the lower limit of P is not particularly defined, it is preferable to set it to 0.0005% because extremely low P results in an increase in steelmaking cost.
- the upper limit of the S content is made 0.005%. Preferably it is 0.0045% or less.
- the lower limit of S is not particularly defined, it is preferable to set it as 0.0002% because the extremely low S, like P, causes an increase in steelmaking cost.
- Al 0.01% or more and 0.50% or less Al is an element necessary for deoxidation, and in order to obtain this effect, it is necessary to contain 0.01% or more. On the other hand, since the effect is saturated even if it contains Al exceeding 0.50%, the amount of Al is made 0.50% or less. Preferably it is 0.40% or less.
- N 0.010% or less Since N forms a coarse nitride and degrades the delayed fracture resistance, it is necessary to suppress the content. In particular, when the N content exceeds 0.010%, this tendency becomes remarkable, so the N content is made 0.010% or less. Preferably it is 0.008% or less.
- Ti 0.005% or more and 0.15% or less Ti is an element that contributes to the increase in strength by forming a fine carbonitride. Furthermore, in the present invention, by dispersing fine Ti precipitates on the surface layer of the member, it contributes to the refinement of the micro structure grain of the member after hydrogen welding and spot welding, and delayed fracture resistance and resistance spot welding. It has the effect of improving the post-cross tensile strength. In order to exhibit such an effect, it is necessary to contain Ti 0.005% or more. Preferably, it is 0.010% or more. On the other hand, when a large amount of Ti is added, the elongation after hot pressing is significantly reduced, so the Ti content is made 0.15% or less. Preferably it is 0.12% or less.
- Mo 0.50% or less
- Mo is an element that contributes to the formation of martensite after hot pressing, that is, high strengthening, in order to enhance the hardenability during hot pressing.
- it is preferable to contain Mo 0.005% or more. More preferably, it is 0.01% or more.
- Mo content is made 0.50% or less.
- Cr 0.50% or less Cr, like Mo, is also an element that contributes to the formation of martensite after hot pressing, that is, high strength, in order to enhance the hardenability during hot pressing. In order to acquire the effect, it is preferable to contain 0.005% or more. More preferably, it is 0.01% or more. On the other hand, even if a large amount of Cr is added, the above effect is saturated and the surface oxide is formed to further deteriorate the plating property, so the Cr content is made 0.50% or less.
- Nb 0.15% or less
- Nb is an element that contributes to the increase in strength by forming a fine carbonitride.
- the austenite grain size during hot pressing is refined, so that delayed fracture resistance characteristics and resistance spot welding are performed.
- Nb 0.005% or more it is preferable to contain Nb 0.005% or more.
- the Nb content is preferably made 0.15% or less. More preferably, it is 0.12% or less, still more preferably 0.10% or less.
- B 0.0050% or less
- B is an element that contributes to the formation of martensite after hot pressing, that is, to high strength, in order to enhance the hardenability during hot pressing.
- B since segregation at grain boundaries improves grain boundary strength, it is effective for delayed fracture resistance.
- it is preferable to contain B 0.0002% or more.
- the B content be 0.0050% or less, because excessive B addition degrades the toughness and reduces the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding. More preferably, it is 0.0040% or less.
- Sb 0.001% or more and 0.020% or less
- Sb has the effect of suppressing the decarburized layer formed in the surface layer portion of the steel plate before heating the steel plate before hot pressing and then cooling the steel plate by a series of treatments of hot pressing . Therefore, the hardness distribution of the plate surface becomes uniform, and the delayed fracture resistance is improved.
- the addition amount of Sb is preferably 0.001% or more.
- the Sb amount is preferably made 0.020% or less.
- REM 0.005% or less
- Ca 0.005% or less
- Mg 0.005% or less
- REM 0.005% or less
- Ca Mg
- REM controls the shapes of sulfides and oxides, and suppresses the formation of coarse inclusions, so delayed fracture resistance The characteristics are improved. In order to express such an effect, it is preferable to add 0.0005% or more of each. On the other hand, excessive addition causes an increase in inclusions to deteriorate the delayed fracture resistance, and therefore, it is preferable to set each addition amount to 0.005% or less.
- REM is an element containing Sc, Y and a lanthanoid.
- V 0.15% or less
- V is an element that contributes to the increase in strength by forming fine carbonitrides. In order to acquire such an effect, it is preferable to contain V 0.01% or more. On the other hand, since a large amount of V addition lowers the toughness at the time of resistance spot welding and the cross tensile strength deteriorates, the V addition amount is preferably made 0.15% or less.
- Cu 0.50% or less Cu not only contributes to high strength by solid solution strengthening, but also improves the corrosion resistance and can improve delayed fracture resistance, and therefore can be added as necessary. In order to exhibit these effects, it is preferable to contain Cu 0.05% or more. On the other hand, even if Cu is contained in excess of 0.50%, the effect is saturated, and surface defects resulting from Cu are easily generated. Therefore, the Cu content is preferably 0.50% or less.
- Ni 0.50% or less
- Ni can improve corrosion resistance and improve delayed fracture resistance, and therefore can be added as necessary.
- it since it has the effect of suppressing the surface defect caused by Cu when it is added simultaneously with Cu, it is effective at the time of Cu addition. In order to exhibit these effects, it is preferable to contain Ni 0.05% or more.
- the Ni content be 0.50% or less.
- Sn 0.50% or less Sn, like Cu and Ni, can improve corrosion resistance and improve delayed fracture resistance, and therefore can be added as necessary. In order to exhibit these effects, it is preferable to contain Sn 0.05% or more. However, the addition of a large amount of Sn lowers the toughness at the time of resistance welding and reduces the improvement in delayed fracture resistance and the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding, so the Sn content is preferably made 0.50% or less .
- Zn 0.10% or less
- Zn is an element that contributes to the formation of martensite after hot pressing, that is, high strength, in order to enhance the hardenability during hot pressing. In order to exhibit these effects, it is preferable to contain Zn 0.005% or more. However, since the addition of a large amount of Zn lowers the toughness at the time of resistance welding and lowers the cross tensile strength, the Zn content is preferably made 0.10% or less.
- Co 0.10% or less
- Co can improve the corrosion resistance by improving the hydrogen overvoltage and the corrosion resistance, and therefore can be added as needed. In order to exhibit these effects, it is preferable to contain Co 0.005% or more. However, the addition of a large amount of Co lowers the toughness at the time of resistance welding and lowers the cross tensile strength, so the Co content is preferably made 0.10% or less.
- Zr 0.10% or less Zr, like Cu and Ni, can improve corrosion resistance and improve delayed fracture resistance, and therefore can be added as necessary. In order to exhibit these effects, it is preferable to contain Zr 0.005% or more. However, since a large amount of Zr addition lowers the toughness at the time of resistance welding and the cruciform tensile strength decreases, the Zr content is preferably made 0.10% or less.
- Ta 0.10% or less Ta, like Ti, forms alloy carbides and alloy nitrides and contributes to high strength. In order to acquire the effect, it is preferable to add 0.005% or more. On the other hand, even if Ta is added excessively, the addition effect is saturated and the alloy cost also increases. Therefore, the addition amount thereof is preferably 0.10% or less.
- W 0.10% or less W, like Cu and Ni, can improve corrosion resistance and improve delayed fracture resistance, and therefore can be added as necessary. In order to exhibit these effects, it is preferable to contain W 0.005% or more. However, since a large amount of W addition lowers the toughness at the time of resistance welding and the cruciform tensile strength decreases, it is preferable that the W content be 0.10% or less.
- the balance other than the above is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- the cold rolled steel sheet for hot pressing according to the present invention may be a cold rolled steel sheet to which a plating layer is not applied, but in order to prevent oxidation by hot pressing or to improve corrosion resistance, A plated layer may be provided on the surface of the cold rolled steel sheet.
- an Al-based plating layer or a Zn-based plating layer is suitable.
- an Al-based plating layer for example, an Al-Si plating layer formed by hot-dip plating is exemplified.
- the Zn-based plating layer for example, a hot-dip Zn plating layer formed by hot-dip plating, an alloyed hot-dip Zn plating layer formed by alloying this, an electric Zn plating layer formed by electroplating, A Ni alloy plating layer etc. are illustrated.
- the Al-based plating layer or the Zn-based plating layer is not limited to the above-mentioned plating layer, and in addition to Al or Zn which is the main component, Si, Mg, Ni, Fe, Co, Mn, Sn, Pb,
- the plating layer may contain one or more of Be, B, P, S, Ti, V, W, Mo, Sb, Cd, Nb, Cr, Sr, and the like.
- the method for forming the Al-based plating layer or the Zn-based plating layer is not limited at all, and any known hot-dip plating method, electroplating method, vapor deposition plating method, etc. can be applied.
- the Al-based plating layer or the Zn-based plating layer may be a plating layer subjected to an alloying treatment after the plating step.
- the Zn-based plating layer is a Zn-Ni alloy plating layer in order to further improve the corrosion resistance of the hot pressed member or to prevent liquid metal embrittlement cracking caused by molten Zn during hot press forming. Is more preferable.
- the adhesion amount of the plating layer is not particularly limited, and may be a general one. For example, it is preferable to have a plating layer with a plating adhesion amount of 5 to 150 g / m 2 per one side. If the amount of plating adhesion is less than 5 g / m 2 , it may be difficult to ensure corrosion resistance, while if it exceeds 150 g / m 2 , the peel resistance to plating may deteriorate.
- the plating layer is changed to a plating layer mainly composed of an Fe—Al intermetallic compound containing Si.
- a plating layer mainly composed of an Fe—Al intermetallic compound containing Si when the hot-dip Zn plating layer, the alloyed hot-dip Zn plating layer, the electric Zn plating layer and the like are heated, an FeZn solid solution phase in which Zn is dissolved in Fe, a ZnFe intermetallic compound, a surface ZnO layer etc. are formed.
- the electric Zn-Ni alloy plating layer is heated, a solid solution layer containing Ni in which a plating layer component is dissolved in Fe, an intermetallic compound mainly composed of ZnNi, a surface ZnO layer, etc. are formed. Ru.
- a plating layer containing Al formed by heating a cold rolled steel sheet for hot press to which an Al-based plating layer is applied is referred to as an Al-based plating layer, and a Zn-based
- the plated layer containing Zn formed by heating the cold rolled steel sheet for hot press to which the plated layer is applied is referred to as a Zn-based plated layer.
- the preferable manufacturing method of the cold rolled steel sheet for hot presses of this invention is demonstrated.
- the cold rolled steel sheet upon production of the cold rolled steel sheet, first, molten steel having the above-described predetermined composition is continuously cast into a slab, and the slab is cooled to 650 ° C. within 6 hours. Thereafter, reheating is performed to make the rolling reduction of the final pass of finish rolling 12% or more, the rolling reduction of the pass immediately before the final pass 15% or more, and the finish rolling finish temperature is 860 to 950 ° C. To roll.
- the first average cooling rate to the cooling stop temperature is set to 70 ° C./s or more, and primary cooling is performed to cool the cooling stop temperature to 700 ° C. or less.
- the second average cooling rate to the winding temperature is set to 5 to 50 ° C./s, and secondary cooling is performed at a winding temperature of 450 ° C. or less.
- the hot rolled steel sheet which has been wound up is pickled and cold rolled, and then heated to a temperature range of 700 to 830 ° C. at an average heating rate of 5 to 20 ° C./s.
- Annealing is carried out soaking for 600 seconds.
- the third average cooling rate is set to 5 ° C./s or more, and tertiary cooling is performed to cool to a cooling stop temperature of 600 ° C. or less.
- Continuous casting process In the present invention, first, a slab is cast by a continuous casting method.
- the continuous casting method is a premise based on the problem of the present invention, and is also because the production efficiency is high compared to the mold casting method.
- a vertical bending type is desirable. This is because the vertical bending type is excellent in the balance between the equipment cost and the surface quality, and the effect of suppressing the surface crack is remarkably exhibited.
- this slab cooling step is an important manufacturing step in the present invention, and cooling of the steel slab after continuous casting is to be within 6 hours up to 650 ° C. Preferably, it is cooled to 650 ° C. within 5 h, more preferably to 650 ° C. within 4 h. After cooling to 650 ° C., the substrate may be subsequently reheated and subjected to hot rolling after cooling to room temperature, or may be reheated as it is to a hot strip and subjected to hot rolling. .
- Hot rolling After casting, it is preferable to start hot rolling at 1150-1270 ° C. without reheating after casting, or to start hot rolling after reheating to 1150-1270 ° C.
- the preferred conditions for hot rolling are first hot rolling a steel slab at a hot rolling start temperature of 1150-1270.degree.
- the rolling reduction of the final pass of finish rolling 12% or more Setting the rolling reduction of the final pass of finish rolling to 12% or more introduces a large number of shear bands into austenite grains and makes it possible to change ferrite after hot rolling. It is necessary from the viewpoint of increasing the nucleation site to refine the microstructure grain of the hot-rolled sheet and eliminating the Mn band. In addition, it is also effective in the refinement of the surface micro structure grain.
- the preferred rolling reduction in the final pass of finish rolling is 13% or more.
- the upper limit of the rolling reduction is not particularly limited, but when the hot rolling load is increased, the thickness variation in the width direction of the steel plate becomes large, and the delayed fracture resistance may be deteriorated. preferable.
- the rolling reduction before the final pass of finish rolling 15% or more If the rolling reduction before the final pass is 15% or more, the strain accumulation effect is further enhanced and a large number of shear bands occur in the austenite grains. It is necessary from the viewpoint of being introduced to further increase the nucleation site of the ferrite transformation to make the microstructure grain of the hot-rolled sheet finer, and further to eliminate the Mn band.
- the preferred rolling reduction immediately before the final pass of finish rolling is 18% or more. Further, the upper limit of this rolling reduction is not particularly limited, but when the hot rolling load load increases, the thickness variation in the width direction of the steel plate becomes large, and the deterioration of delayed fracture resistance is concerned, so 30% or less Is preferred.
- Finishing temperature 860 to 950 ° C Since hot rolling needs to be finished in the austenite single phase region in order to improve resistance weld cracking characteristics after annealing by uniformizing the microstructure of the steel sheet and reducing the anisotropy of the material, finish rolling is finished.
- the temperature is 860 ° C. or higher.
- finish rolling finish temperature exceeds 950 ° C., the hot-rolled structure becomes coarse, and the crystal grains after annealing are also coarsened, so the upper limit of the finish rolling finish temperature is set to 950 ° C.
- Primary cooling step cooling to 700 ° C. or less at a first average cooling rate of 70 ° C./s or more During the cooling process after the end of hot rolling, austenite transforms into ferrite, but at high temperatures, ferrite coarsens, so hot After the end of rolling, quenching is performed to homogenize the structure as much as possible and at the same time suppress the formation of Ti-based precipitates. Therefore, first, as primary cooling, cooling is performed to 700 ° C. or less at a first average cooling rate of 70 ° C./s or more.
- the ferrite is coarsened, so that the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet becomes inhomogeneous and causes the delayed fracture resistance and the decrease in the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding. .
- the cooling stop temperature in primary cooling exceeds 700 ° C., pearlite is excessively formed in the microstructure of the hot-rolled steel sheet, and the final steel sheet structure becomes inhomogeneous, again having delayed fracture resistance and resistance spot welding. The cross tensile strength decreases.
- the cooling stop temperature of primary cooling is made into the range of 500 degreeC or more at 700 degrees C or less.
- Secondary cooling step cooling to 450 ° C. or less at a second average cooling rate of 5 to 50 ° C./s If the average cooling rate in this secondary cooling is less than 5 ° C./s, the microstructure of the hot-rolled steel sheet is ferrite or pearlite However, the microstructure of the final steel sheet becomes inhomogeneous, and the Ti-based precipitates also coarsen, so that the delayed fracture resistance and the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding decrease.
- Winding temperature 450 ° C. or less
- the winding temperature exceeds 450 ° C.
- ferrite and pearlite are excessively formed in the microstructure of the hot-rolled steel sheet, and the microstructure of the final steel sheet becomes inhomogeneous, and delayed fracture characteristics and The cross tensile strength decreases after resistance spot welding. To avoid this, it is important to wind with bainite single phase.
- the upper limit of the winding temperature is 450 ° C.
- it is 420 degrees C or less.
- the lower limit of the coiling temperature is not particularly specified, but if the coiling temperature is too low, hard martensite is excessively formed to increase the cold rolling load, so 300 ° C. or more is preferable. .
- pickling is performed to remove the scale of the surface of the hot-rolled sheet.
- the pickling treatment is not particularly limited, and may be carried out according to a conventional method.
- Cold rolling process A cold rolling process is performed to roll a cold-rolled sheet having a predetermined thickness.
- the cold rolling process is not particularly limited and may be performed according to a conventional method.
- the temperature rise rate is too small, ferrite and martensite grains become coarsened, and a desired microstructure can not be obtained after hot pressing, so an average temperature rise rate of 5 ° C./s or more is required. Preferably it is 8 degrees C / s or more. By controlling this average temperature rising rate, it is possible to make the crystal grains finer. Then, it is heated to a soaking temperature range of 700 to 830 ° C. described later.
- the soaking temperature is a temperature range of two phases of ferrite and austenite. If the temperature is less than 700 ° C., the martensite fraction decreases, and a high concentration of C and Mn is concentrated in austenite, so that the desired precipitation state of cementite can not be obtained after hot pressing. Therefore, the lower limit of the soaking temperature is 700 ° C. On the other hand, when the soaking temperature is too high, crystal grain growth of austenite becomes remarkable, the crystal grains and Ti-based precipitates become coarse, and the delayed fracture resistance decreases, so the soaking temperature is made 830 ° C. or less. Preferably it is 810 degrees C or less.
- Soaking holding time 15 to 600 seconds
- the holding time is preferably within 600 seconds.
- Cooling conditions after soaking cooling to a temperature range of 600 ° C. or less at a third average cooling rate of 5 ° C./s or more After the above soaking treatment (annealing treatment), a temperature range of 600 ° C. or less It is necessary to cool at an average cooling rate of 5 ° C./s or more to the cooling stop temperature). If the average cooling rate is less than 5 ° C./s, ferrite transformation progresses during cooling, the volume fraction of martensite in the cold rolled steel sheet decreases, and Ti-based precipitates coarsen, so that delayed fracture resistance is secured. Is difficult.
- the upper limit of the average cooling rate is not particularly defined, but is preferably 30 ° C./s or less from the viewpoint of equipment and cost.
- the cooling stop temperature exceeds 600 ° C., pearlite is excessively formed and a predetermined volume ratio in the microstructure of the steel sheet can not be obtained, so that the delayed fracture resistance is deteriorated.
- a continuous casting process a hot rolling process (including subsequent primary and secondary cooling processes) and an annealing process after cold rolling (following third order) Cooling step). That is, by appropriately controlling the continuous casting step, the hot rolling step, and the annealing step described above, the crystal grains are refined, Mn segregation is eliminated, and the distribution state of Ti-based precipitates is improved.
- Ti-based precipitates containing martensite having an average crystal grain size of 4 ⁇ m or less in a volume ratio of 5 to 45% and further having a grain size of less than 0.10 ⁇ m in the range from 100 ⁇ m in the thickness direction from the steel sheet surface
- a microstructure having an average of 15 or more per 100 ⁇ m 2 cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the steel sheet can be obtained.
- plating treatment such as hot-dip galvanization may be performed, or the cold-rolled steel plate may be used as it is without performing such plating treatment.
- the cold rolled steel sheet for hot pressing of the present invention may be used as the cold rolled steel sheet manufactured by the above-described manufacturing process, but depending on the purpose, to form an Al-based plating layer or a Zn-based plating layer. Al-based plating treatment or Zn-based plating treatment may be performed. Such plating treatment is not limited at all, and any known hot-dip plating method, electroplating method, vapor deposition plating method and the like can be applied.
- an alloying process may be performed after the plating process.
- the preferred elongation at this time is 0.05 to 2.0%.
- the cold-rolled steel sheet obtained as described above is hot-pressed to form a hot-pressed member, but the hot-pressing method at this time is not particularly limited and may be performed according to a conventional method. Although an example is shown below, it is not limited to this.
- a cold-rolled steel plate for hot press which is a material, is heated to a temperature range of Ac 3 transformation point to 1000 ° C. using an electric furnace, a gas furnace, an electric heating furnace, a far infrared heating furnace, etc. After holding in the range for 0 to 600 seconds, the steel sheet may be transported to a press and hot pressed at a temperature of 550 to 800 ° C.
- the heating rate at the time of heating the cold rolled steel sheet for hot pressing may be 3 to 200 ° C./s.
- Ac 3 transformation point can be determined by the following equation.
- Ac 3 transformation point (° C.) 881-206 C + 53 Si-15 Mn-20 Ni-1 Cr-27 Cu + 41 Mo
- the symbol of the element in a formula represents content (mass%) of each element. For elements not contained, it is calculated as zero.
- a steel of the composition shown in Table 1 is melted, made into a slab by continuous casting under the conditions shown in Table 2, heated to 1250 ° C., and hot rolled under the conditions shown in Table 2 for the finish rolling finish temperature (FDT) Did.
- the hot rolled steel sheet is cooled to the cooling stop temperature (first cooling temperature) at a first average cooling rate (cold rate 1) shown in Table 2, the winding temperature is obtained at a second average cooling temperature (cold rate 2) It cooled to (CT) and wound up to the coil.
- CT second average cooling temperature
- the obtained hot-rolled sheet was pickled and then cold-rolled at a rolling reduction shown in Table 2 to obtain a cold-rolled sheet (plate thickness: 1.4 mm).
- the cold-rolled steel sheet thus obtained is subjected to an annealing treatment under the conditions shown in Table 2 in a continuous annealing line (CAL) or a continuous hot-dip plating line (CGL), and a cold-rolled steel sheet (CR Hot-dip galvanized steel sheet (GI) was obtained for steel sheets that passed through CGL.
- CAL continuous annealing line
- CGL continuous hot-dip plating line
- GI cold-rolled steel sheet
- the alloying process was further performed at 550 degreeC and the alloying hot dip galvanized steel plate (GA) was obtained.
- a hot-dip aluminizing treatment was performed to obtain a hot-dip aluminized steel sheet (AS). Furthermore, after being partially annealed by CAL, an electrogalvanized nickel plated steel plate (EZN) was obtained in an electrogalvanizing line (EGL).
- AS hot-dip aluminized steel sheet
- EZN electrogalvanized nickel plated steel plate
- the mold used in the hot press has a punch width of 70 mm, a punch shoulder R4 mm, and a die shoulder R4 mm, and a forming depth is 30 mm.
- Heating of the cold-rolled steel sheet was performed in the atmosphere using either an infrared heating furnace or an atmosphere heating furnace depending on the heating rate.
- cooling after pressing was performed by combining the sandwiching of the steel plate between the punch and the die and air cooling on the die opened from the sandwiching, and cooling was performed from the press (start) temperature to 150 ° C. At this time, the cooling rate was adjusted by changing the holding time of the punch at the bottom dead center in the range of 1 to 60 seconds.
- a JIS No. 5 tensile test specimen was collected from the position of the hat bottom portion of the hot pressed member thus obtained, and a tensile test was performed according to JIS Z 2241 to measure the tensile strength (TS).
- the load stress is 900MPa and 1200MPa, and when both loads do not break for 100 hours or more, the delayed fracture resistance is good (o), but under load stress 900MPa it does not break over 100 hours, but under load stress 1200MPa it breaks in less than 100 hours In the case where breakage occurred in less than 100 hours for both applied stresses, the delayed fracture resistance was evaluated as inferior ( ⁇ ).
- the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding was obtained by cutting out a 50 ⁇ 150 mm cross tensile test piece based on the cross tensile test method (JIS Z 3137) and using the test piece subjected to resistance welding.
- the resistance welding was performed by resistance spot welding using a servomotor pressure type single phase direct current (50 Hz) resistance welding machine attached to a welding gun, and a tensile test piece having a resistance welding portion was produced.
- the pair of electrode tips used was a DR-type electrode of alumina-dispersed copper having a radius of curvature R of 40 mm at the tip and a tip diameter of 6 mm.
- the welding conditions were such that the applied pressure was 4500 N, the conduction time was 19 cycles (50 Hz), the hold time was 1 cycle (50 Hz), and the welding current was adjusted so that the nugget diameter was 6.1 mm.
- the cross tensile strength is 6.5 kN or more, the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding is good ( ⁇ ), when it is 5 kN or more, it is suitable ( ⁇ ).
- the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding was inferior (x).
- the volume fraction of martensite of the cold rolled steel plate after annealing and the member after hot pressing is corroded with 3 vol% nital after polishing a cross section parallel to the rolling direction and parallel to the thickness direction of the steel plate, SEM (scanning type The observation was conducted at a magnification of 5000 with an electron microscope, and the area ratio was measured by a point count method (based on ASTM E562-83 (1988)), and the area ratio was regarded as a volume ratio.
- Average grain sizes of martensite, former austenite and ferrite were previously obtained from steel plate microstructure photograph (photographed at 10 locations of 20 ⁇ m ⁇ 20 ⁇ m at a magnification of 5000) using Image-Pro of Media Cybernetics.
- the area of each crystal grain can be calculated by taking in the photograph which identified the crystal grain of each prior austenite, ferrite and martensite, the circle equivalent diameter is calculated, and those values are averaged. I asked.
- the particle sizes of Ti-based precipitates and cementite are 0.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ m at a magnification of 10000 ⁇ using TEM (transmission electron microscope) for cross sections parallel to the thickness direction for both cold rolled steel plates and press members.
- the field of view range of 10 was observed, and the particle diameter was determined by calculating the equivalent circle diameter with the lower limit of 0.005 ⁇ m using Image-Pro of Media Cybernetics.
- the number of Ti-based precipitates with a particle size of less than 0.10 ⁇ m and cementite with a particle size of 0.05 ⁇ m or more is observed at 10 points in a 0.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ m field range at a magnification of 10000 using TEM (transmission electron microscopy) Then, the average number density of ten places was determined. In this method, Ti-based precipitates having a particle size of 0.005 ⁇ m or more could be counted.
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the tensile properties, the delayed fracture resistance properties and the cross tensile strength after resistance spot welding of the hot pressed member.
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Abstract
Description
本発明において熱間プレス部材とは、焼き入れ性を有する冷延鋼板を熱間プレス成形して高強度化した部材のことを意味する。
また、本発明の冷延鋼板は、一般的な冷延鋼板だけでなく、溶融亜鉛めっき冷延鋼板(合金化溶融亜鉛めっき冷延鋼板を含む)や電気亜鉛めっき冷延鋼板(電気亜鉛ニッケル合金めっき冷延鋼板を含む)、アルミめっき冷延鋼板等を含む。
また、1780MPa以上の引張強度を確保するためには合金元素(例えばCなど)を多く含有する必要があるが、これにより抵抗スポット溶接後の継手の十字引張強さ(CTS)が著しく低下することが懸念される。
例えば、特許文献1では、合金炭窒化物やセメンタイトの析出量を制御することで、耐遅れ破壊特性を改善する技術が開示されている。
また、特許文献2では、熱間プレス後に残留オーステナイトを形成することで、耐遅れ破壊特性を改善する技術が開示されている。
また、Ti系析出物は抵抗スポット溶接による昇温後も熱影響部(HAZ)のミクロ組織を微細化させることから、ナゲット端部にかかる応力に対する靭性が向上しつつ、HAZ軟化による硬度減少も抑制されるため、十字引張強さが向上する。
そのため、成分的には、C、Mn、Pの添加量とCr、Mo、Tiの添加量の比率を考慮して、耐遅れ破壊特性および十字引張強さの改善を図ることが好ましい。
本発明は、上記の知見に立脚するものである。
1.部材の鋼化学成分が、質量%で、C:0.28%以上0.42%未満、Si:1.5%以下、Mn:1.1%以上2.4%以下、P:0.05%以下、S:0.005%以下、Al:0.01%以上0.50%以下、N:0.010%以下およびTi:0.005%以上0.15%以下を含有し、かつMo:0.50%以下およびCr:0.50%以下から選択される一種または二種を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、
部材のミクロ組織が、旧オーステナイト平均結晶粒径が8μm以下、マルテンサイトの体積率が90%以上で、粒径が0.05μm以上のセメンタイトが部材の厚さ方向に平行な断面200μm2当たり平均で10個以上存在し、
さらに部材表面から板厚方向に100μmまでの範囲で粒径が0.10μm未満のTi系析出物が部材の厚さ方向に平行な断面100μm2当たり平均で10個以上存在し、引張強さが1780MPa以上である熱間プレス部材。
記
(6[C]+2[Mn]+49[P])/([Cr]/2+[Mo]/3+7[Ti])≦30.5 ・・・(1)
ここで、〔M〕はM元素の含有量(質量%)であり、元素[M]を含有しない場合は0として計算する。
鋼板のミクロ組織が、平均結晶粒径が4μm以下のマルテンサイトを体積率で5~45%の範囲で含有し、さらに鋼板表面から板厚方向に100μmまでの範囲で粒径が0.10μm未満のTi系析出物が鋼板の板厚方向に平行な断面100μm2当たり平均で15個以上存在する、熱間プレス用冷延鋼板。
記
(6[C]+2[Mn]+49[P])/([Cr]/2+[Mo]/3+7[Ti])≦30.5 ・・・(1)
ここで、〔M〕はM元素の含有量(質量%)であり、元素[M]を含有しない場合は0として計算する。
質量%で、C:0.28%以上0.42%未満、Si:1.5%以下、Mn:1.1%以上2.4%以下、P:0.05%以下、S:0.005%以下、Al:0.01%以上0.50%以下、N:0.010%以下およびTi:0.005%以上0.15%以下を含有し、かつMo:0.50%以下およびCr:0.50%以下から選択される一種または二種を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる溶鋼を、連続鋳造してスラブとし、このスラブを650℃まで6h以内に冷却し、
その後、再加熱して、仕上げ圧延の最終パスの圧下率を12%以上、該最終パスの直前のパスの圧下率を15%以上とし、仕上げ圧延終了温度が860~950℃の条件で熱間圧延し、
上記の熱間圧延後、冷却停止温度までの第1平均冷却速度を70℃/s以上とし、700℃以下の冷却停止温度まで冷却する1次冷却を施し、
上記の1次冷却後、巻取温度までの第2平均冷却速度を5~50℃/sとし、450℃以下の巻取温度で巻取る2次冷却を施し、
ついで、巻き取った熱延鋼板を酸洗後、冷間圧延を行ったのち、5~20℃/sの平均昇温速度で700~830℃の温度域まで加熱し、該温度域で15~600秒間均熱する焼鈍を施し、
上記の均熱処理後、第3平均冷却速度を5℃/s以上とし、600℃以下の冷却停止温度まで冷却する3次冷却を施す、熱間プレス用冷延鋼板の製造方法。
記
(6[C]+2[Mn]+49[P])/([Cr]/2+[Mo]/3+7[Ti])≦30.5 ・・・(1)
ここで、〔M〕はM元素の含有量(質量%)であり、元素[M]を含有しない場合は0として計算する。
また、本発明によれば、加熱時にバラツキの大きい熱間プレス条件であっても、特性の安定した熱間プレス部材を得ることができる。
まず、本発明の熱間プレス部材および熱間プレス用冷延鋼板のミクロ組織について詳細に説明する。
〔熱間プレス部材のミクロ組織〕
熱間プレス部材のミクロ組織は、旧オーステナイト平均結晶粒径が8μm以下、マルテンサイトの体積率が90%以上で、粒径が0.05μm以上のセメンタイトが部材の厚さ方向に平行な断面200μm2当たり平均で10個以上存在し、さらに部材表面から板厚方向に100μmまでの範囲で粒径が0.10μm未満のTi系析出物が部材の厚さ方向に平行な断面100μm2当たり平均で10個以上存在するミクロ組織とする。
残部組織としては、フェライト、ベイナイトおよびパーライト等が考えられるが、これらは合計で4%以下であれば、問題はない。
ここに、粒径が0.05μm未満のセメンタイトが存在しても、粒径が0.05μm以上のセメンタイトが平均で10個以上存在すれば所望特性の確保は可能である。なお、測定する部材の厚さ方向に平行な断面については特に制限はなく、いずこであっても良い。
なお、測定する部材の厚さ方向に平行な断面については特に制限はなく、いずこであっても良い。また、対象とするTi系析出物の粒径の下限は0.005μmとする。
熱間プレス部材として所望の特性を得るためには、熱間プレス用冷延鋼板のミクロ組織を制御することが重要である。すなわち、熱間プレス用冷延鋼板のミクロ組織としては、平均結晶粒径が4μm以下のマルテンサイトを体積率で5~45%の範囲で含有し、さらに表層から板厚方向に100μmまでの範囲で粒径が0.10μm未満のTi系析出物を鋼板の板厚方向に平行な断面100μm2当たり平均で15個以上存在させる。
また、マルテンサイトの体積率が5%未満でも45%超でも、同様に所望のセメンタイトの分散状態が得られないため、耐遅れ破壊特性および十字引張強さが低下する。好ましくは10%以上40%以下の範囲である。
残部組織としては、ベイナイトやパーライト等が考えられるが、これらは合計で25%以下であれば、問題はない。
C:0.28%以上0.42%未満
Cは、鋼の高強度化に有効な元素であり、熱間プレス後にマルテンサイトを強化して鋼の強度を高めるのに重要な元素である。しかしながら、Cの含有量が0.28%未満では熱間プレス後のマルテンサイトの硬度が不十分のため、引張強さ:1780MPa以上が得られない。好ましいC量は0.30%以上である。一方、Cを0.42%以上添加すると、抵抗スポット溶接後の硬度が硬くなり、靭性が低下して、十字引張強さが低下する。そのため、C量は0.40%未満とする。好ましくは0.39%未満である。
Siは、フェライトを固溶強化し、高強度化に有効な元素である。しかしながら、Siの過剰な添加は抵抗スポット溶接時における靭性が低下して十字引張強さが劣化するため、その含有量は1.5%以下とする。好ましくは1.2%以下である。なお、Siの下限は特に規定されないが、極低Si化はコストの増加を招くため、0.005%とすることが好ましい。
Mnは、熱間プレス時の焼入れ性を高めるため、熱間プレス後のマルテンサイトの形成、すなわち高強度化に寄与する元素である。その効果を得るためには、Mn量を1.1%以上とする必要がある。好ましくは1.3%以上である。一方、Mnを過剰に含有した場合、抵抗スポット溶接後にPが偏析して十字引張強さが低下するため、Mn量は2.4%以下とする。好ましくは2.2%以下であり、さらに好ましくは2.0%未満である。
Pは、固溶強化により高強度化に寄与するが、過剰に添加された場合には、粒界への偏析が著しくなって粒界を脆化させるため、抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さが低下することから、P含有量は0.05%以下とする。好ましくは0.02%以下である。なお、Pの下限は特に規定されないが、極低P化は製鋼コストの上昇を招くため、0.0005%とすることが好ましい。
Sの含有量が多い場合には、MnSなどの硫化物が多く生成し、水素侵入時にその介在物が起点となって割れの発生を招くため、耐遅れ破壊特性が低下する。そのため、S含有量の上限を0.005%とする。好ましくは0.0045%以下である。なお、Sの下限は特に規定されないが、極低S化はPと同様に、製鋼コストの上昇を招くため、0.0002%とすることが好ましい。
Alは、脱酸に必要な元素であり、この効果を得るためには0.01%以上含有することが必要である。一方、0.50%を超えてAlを含有しても効果が飽和するため、Al量は0.50%以下とする。好ましくは0.40%以下である。
Nは、粗大な窒化物を形成して耐遅れ破壊特性を劣化させることから、含有量を抑える必要がある。特にN量が0.010%超になると、この傾向が顕著となることから、N含有量は0.010%以下とする。好ましくは0.008%以下である。
Tiは、微細な炭窒化物を形成することで、強度上昇に寄与する元素である。さらに、本発明においては、部材表層に微細なTi析出物を分散させることで、水素トラップサイトとスポット溶接後の部材のミクロ組織結晶粒の微細化に寄与し、耐遅れ破壊特性および抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さを向上させる効果がある。このような効果を発揮させるためには、Tiを0.005%以上含有させる必要がある。好ましくは0.010%以上である。一方、Tiを多量に添加すると、熱間プレス後の伸びが著しく低下するため、Ti含有量は0.15%以下とする。好ましく0.12%以下である。
Moは、熱間プレス時の焼入れ性を高めるため、熱間プレス後のマルテンサイトの形成、すなわち高強度化に寄与する元素である。その効果を得るためには、Moを0.005%以上含有させるのが好ましい。より好ましくは0.01%以上である。一方、多量にMoを添加しても上記効果は飽和し、かえってコスト増を招き、さらに化成処理性が劣化するため、そのMo含有量は0.50%以下とする。
Crも、Moと同様、熱間プレス時の焼入れ性を高めるため、熱間プレス後のマルテンサイトの形成、すなわち高強度化に寄与する元素である。その効果を得るためには0.005%以上含有させることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.01%以上である。一方、多量にCrを添加しても上記効果は飽和し、さらに表面酸化物を形成することからめっき性が劣化するため、Cr含有量は0.50%以下とする。
(6[C]+2[Mn]+49[P])/([Cr]/2+[Mo]/3+7[Ti])≦30.5 ・・・(1)
ここで、〔M〕はM元素の含有量(質量%)
上掲式は、耐遅れ破壊特性および十字引張強さを確保する上での指標になるもので、左辺の値が30.5を超えると、耐遅れ破壊特性および十字引張強さを兼備することが困難となる場合がある。
Nb: 0.15%以下
Nbは、微細な炭窒化物を形成することで、強度上昇に寄与する元素である。さらに、本発明においては、微細なNb系析出物が、水素のトラップサイトとなることに加えて、熱間プレス時のオーステナイト粒径を微細化することから、耐遅れ破壊特性および抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さの向上に寄与する元素である。このような効果を発揮させるためには、Nbを0.005%以上含有させることが好ましい。一方、Nbを多量に添加しても上記の効果は飽和し、かえってコスト増を招くため、Nb含有量は0.15%以下とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.12%以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.10%以下である。
Bは、熱間プレス時の焼入れ性を高めるため、熱間プレス後のマルテンサイトの形成、すなわち高強度化に寄与する元素である。また、粒界に偏析することで粒界強度を向上させるため、耐遅れ破壊特性に有効である。このような効果を発現させるためには、Bを0.0002%以上含有させるのが好ましい。しかし、過剰なB添加は靭性を劣化させ、抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さを低下させるため、B含有量は0.0050%以下とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.0040%以下である。
Sbは、熱間プレス前に鋼板を加熱してから熱間プレスの一連の処理によって鋼板を冷却する前に、鋼板表層部に生じる脱炭層を抑制する効果を有する。そのため、板面の硬度分布が均一となり耐遅れ破壊特性が向上する。このような効果を発現するためには、Sbの添加量は0.001%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、Sbが0.020%を超えて添加されると、圧延負荷荷重が増大し、生産性を低下させることから、Sb量は0.020%以下とすることが好ましい。
Ca、Mg、REMは、硫化物および酸化物の形状を制御し、粗大な介在物の生成を抑制することから、耐遅れ破壊特性が向上する。このような効果を発現するためには、それぞれ0.0005%以上添加するのが好ましい。一方、過度の添加は、介在物の増加を引き起こし耐遅れ破壊特性を劣化させるため、それぞれの添加量は0.005%以下とすることが好ましい。ここでREMはSc、Yおよびランタノイドを含む元素である。
Vは、微細な炭窒化物を形成することで、強度上昇に寄与する元素である。このような効果を得るためには、Vを0.01%以上含有させることが好ましい。一方、多量のV添加は、抵抗スポット溶接時における靭性が低下して、十字引張強さが劣化するため、V添加量は0.15%以下とすることが好ましい。
Cuは、固溶強化により高強度化に寄与するだけでなく、耐食性を向上させることから耐遅れ破壊特性を改善できるため、必要に応じて添加することができる。これら効果を発揮するためにはCuを0.05%以上含有させることが好ましい。一方、Cuを0.50%超含有させても効果が飽和し、またCuに起因する表面欠陥が発生しやすくなるため、Cu含有量は0.50%以下とすることが好ましい。
Niも、Cuと同様、耐食性を向上させることから耐遅れ破壊特性を改善できるため、必要に応じて添加することができる。また、Cuと同時に添加すると、Cu起因の表面欠陥を抑制する効果があるので、Cu添加時に有効である。これら効果を発揮するためにはNiを0.05%以上含有させることが好ましい。しかし、多量のNi添加は、抵抗溶接時における靭性が低下して十字引張強さが低下するため、Ni含有量は0.50%以下とすることが好ましい。
Snも、CuやNiと同様、耐食性を向上させることから耐遅れ破壊特性を改善できるため、必要に応じて添加することができる。これら効果を発揮するためにはSnを0.05%以上含有させることが好ましい。しかし、多量のSn添加は、抵抗溶接時における靭性が低下して耐遅れ破壊特性および抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さの向上が低下するため、Sn含有量は0.50%以下とすることが好ましい。
Znは、熱間プレス時の焼入れ性を高めるため、熱間プレス後のマルテンサイトの形成、すなわち高強度化に寄与する元素である。これら効果を発揮するためにはZnを0.005%以上含有させることが好ましい。しかし、多量のZn添加は、抵抗溶接時における靭性が低下して十字引張強さが低下するため、Zn含有量は0.10%以下とすることが好ましい。
Coも、CuやNiと同様、水素過電圧を向上させて耐食性を向上させることから耐遅れ破壊特性を改善できるため、必要に応じて添加することができる。これら効果を発揮するためにはCoを0.005%以上含有させることが好ましい。しかし、多量のCo添加は、抵抗溶接時における靭性が低下して十字引張強さが低下するため、Co含有量は0.10%以下とすることが好ましい。
Zrも、CuやNiと同様、耐食性を向上させることから耐遅れ破壊特性を改善できるため、必要に応じて添加することができる。これら効果を発揮するためにはZrを0.005%以上含有させることが好ましい。しかし、多量のZr添加は、抵抗溶接時における靭性が低下して十字引張強さが低下するため、Zr含有量は0.10%以下とすることが好ましい。
Taは、Tiと同様に、合金炭化物や合金窒化物を生成して高強度化に寄与する。その効果を得るためには0.005%以上添加することが好ましい。一方、Taを過剰に添加してもその添加効果が飽和する上、合金コストも増加する。そのため、その添加量は0.10%以下とすることが好ましい。
Wも、CuやNiと同様、耐食性を向上させることから耐遅れ破壊特性を改善できるため、必要に応じて添加することができる。これら効果を発揮するためにはWを0.005%以上含有させることが好ましい。しかし、多量のW添加は、抵抗溶接時における靭性が低下して十字引張強さが低下するため、W含有量は0.10%以下とすることが好ましい。
〔熱間プレス用冷延鋼板のめっき層〕
本発明の熱間プレス用冷延鋼板は、めっき層が付与されていない冷延鋼板ままでもよいが、熱間プレスによる酸化を防止するため、もしくは耐食性を向上させるために、熱間プレス前の冷延鋼板の表面にめっき層を付与してもよい。
本発明では、特に熱間プレス部材の耐食性をより一層向上させたり、熱間プレス成形時の溶融Znに起因する液体金属脆性割れを防止する上で、Zn系めっき層がZn-Ni合金めっき層であるとより好適である。
Al系めっき層またはZn系めっき層が付与された熱間プレス用冷延鋼板を、加熱した後、熱間プレスを行うと、Al系めっき層またはZn系めっき層に含有されるめっき層成分の一部またはすべてが下地鋼板中に拡散して固溶相や金属間化合物を生成すると同時に、逆に、下地鋼板成分であるFeがAl系めっき層中またはZn系めっき層中に拡散して固溶相や金属間化合物を生成する。また、Al系めっき層の表面にはAlを含有する酸化物皮膜が生成し、Zn系めっき層の表面にはZnを含有する酸化物皮膜が生成する。
なお、本発明においては、上述のとおり、Al系めっき層が付与された熱間プレス用冷延鋼板を加熱することにより形成されるAlを含有するめっき層をAl系めっき層と呼び、Zn系めっき層が付与された熱間プレス用冷延鋼板を加熱することにより形成されるZnを含有するめっき層をZn系めっき層と呼ぶこととする。
本発明では、上記冷延鋼板の製造に際し、まず前記した所定の成分組成を有する溶鋼を、連続鋳造してスラブとし、このスラブを650℃まで6h以内に冷却する。
その後、再加熱して、仕上げ圧延の最終パスの圧下率を12%以上、該最終パスの直前のパスの圧下率を15%以上とし、仕上げ圧延終了温度が860~950℃の条件で熱間圧延する。
上記の熱間圧延後、冷却停止温度までの第1平均冷却速度を70℃/s以上とし、700℃以下の冷却停止温度まで冷却する1次冷却を施す。
上記の1次冷却後、巻取温度までの第2平均冷却速度を5~50℃/sとし、450℃以下の巻取温度で巻取る2次冷却を施す。
ついで、巻き取った熱延鋼板を酸洗後、冷間圧延を行ったのち、5~20℃/sの平均昇温速度で700~830℃の温度域まで加熱し、該温度域で15~600秒間均熱する焼鈍を施す。
上記の均熱処理後、第3平均冷却速度を5℃/s以上とし、600℃以下の冷却停止温度まで冷却する3次冷却を施す。
〔連続鋳造工程〕
本発明では、まずスラブを、連続鋳造法により鋳造する。連続鋳造法は、本発明の課題からして前提となるものであり、しかも鋳型鋳造法と比較して生産能率が高いためである。連続鋳造機としては垂直曲げ型が望ましい。これは、垂直曲げ型は設備コストと表面品質のバランスに優れ、かつ表面亀裂の抑制効果が顕著に発揮されるためである。
上記の連続鋳造を経てスラブとした後、650℃まで6h以内に冷却する。連続鋳造後、650℃まで6hを超えて冷却を行うと、Mn等の偏析が顕著となり、かつ結晶粒が粗大化するため、冷延圧延後の鋼板および熱間プレス後の部材において所望の結晶粒径が得られない。また、Ti系析出物が粗大化し、熱間圧延前に再溶解できずに粗大なTi系析出物が存在するようになるため、冷延鋼板および熱間プレス後の部材において所望とするTi系析出物の分散状態が得られない。熱間圧延開始温度を上昇させるか時間を長くすれば粗大化したTi系析出物の溶解は可能であるが、一方で結晶粒径が大きくなり、冷延圧延後の鋼板および熱間プレス後の部材において所望の結晶粒径が得られなくなる。
そのため、このスラブ冷却工程は、本発明において重要な製造工程であり、連続鋳造後の鋼スラブの冷却は650℃まで6h以内とする。好ましくは650℃まで5h以内で冷却し、さらに好ましくは650℃まで4h以内で冷却する。また、650℃まで冷却したならば、その後、引き続き室温まで冷却した後に、再加熱して熱間圧延を施しても良いし、そのまま温片のまま再加熱して熱間圧延に供しても良い。
素材である鋼スラブは、鋳造後、再加熱することなく1150~1270℃で熱間圧延を開始するか、もしくは1150~1270℃に再加熱したのち、熱間圧延を開始することが好ましい。熱間圧延の好ましい条件は、まず1150~1270℃の熱間圧延開始温度で鋼スラブを熱間圧延する。
・仕上げ圧延の最終パスの圧下率:12%以上
仕上げ圧延の最終パスの圧下率を12%以上にすることは、オーステナイト粒内にせん断帯を多数導入し、熱間圧延後のフェライト変態時の核生成サイトを増大して熱延板のミクロ組織結晶粒の微細化を図り、さらにMnバンドを解消するという観点から必要である。また、表層のミクロ組織結晶粒の微細化にも有効である。仕上げ圧延の最終パスの好適圧下率は13%以上である。また、この圧下率の上限は特に限定されないが、熱延負荷荷重が増大すると、鋼板の幅方向での板厚変動が大きくなり、耐遅れ破壊特性が劣化するおそれがあるので、30%以下が好ましい。
最終パスの直前のパスの圧下率を15%以上にすることは、歪蓄積効果がより高まってオーステナイト粒内にせん断帯が多数導入され、フェライト変態の核生成サイトがさらに増大して熱延板のミクロ組織結晶粒がより微細化し、さらにMnバンドを解消するという観点から必要である。仕上げ圧延の最終パスの直前パスの好適圧下率は18%以上である。また、この圧下率の上限は特に限定されないが、熱延負荷荷重が増大すると、鋼板の幅方向での板厚変動が大きくなり、耐遅れ破壊特性性の劣化が懸念されるので、30%以下が好ましい。
熱間圧延は、鋼板のミクロ組織の均一化、材質の異方性低減により、焼鈍後の耐抵抗溶接割れ特性を向上させるため、オーステナイト単相域にて終了する必要があるので、仕上げ圧延終了温度は860℃以上とする。一方、仕上げ圧延終了温度が950℃超えでは、熱延組織が粗大になり、焼鈍後の結晶粒も粗大化するため、仕上げ圧延終了温度の上限は950℃とする。
・1次冷却工程:70℃/s以上の第1平均冷却速度で700℃以下まで冷却
熱間圧延終了後の冷却過程でオーステナイトがフェライト変態するが、高温ではフェライトが粗大化するため、熱間圧延終了後は急冷することで、組織をできるだけ均質化すると同時に、Ti系析出物の生成を抑制する。そのため、まず、1次冷却として、70℃/s以上の第1平均冷却速度で700℃以下まで冷却する。この第1平均冷却速度が70℃/s未満ではフェライトが粗大化されるため、熱延鋼板のミクロ組織が不均質となり、耐遅れ破壊特性および抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さの低下を招く。一方、1次冷却における冷却停止温度が700℃超えでは、熱延鋼板のミクロ組織にパーライトが過剰に生成し、最終的な鋼板組織が不均質となり、やはり耐遅れ破壊特性および抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さが低下する。
また、1次冷却の冷却停止温度は、700℃以下で500℃以上の範囲とする。
この2次冷却における平均冷却速度が5℃/s未満では、熱延鋼板のミクロ組織にフェライトもしくはパーライトが過剰に生成し、最終的な鋼板のミクロ組織が不均質となり、またTi系析出物も粗大化するため、耐遅れ破壊特性および抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さが低下する。一方、2次冷却における平均冷却速度が50℃/sを超えると、熱延鋼板のミクロ組織にパーライトを過剰に生成するため、Cの元素分布が不均一となり、熱間プレス後の耐遅れ破壊特性および抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さが低下する。さらに、450℃超の温度までの冷却では、熱延鋼板のミクロ組織にフェライトもしくはパーライトが過剰に生成し、Ti系析出物も粗大化するため、やはり耐遅れ破壊特性および抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さが低下する。
巻取り温度が450℃超では、熱延鋼板のミクロ組織にフェライトおよびパーライトが過剰に生成し、最終的な鋼板のミクロ組織が不均質となり、耐遅れ破壊特性および抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さが低下する。これを回避するには、ベイナイト単相で巻き取ることが重要である。また、高温で巻き取るとTi系析出物が粗大化し、耐遅れ破壊特性が低下する。そのため、本発明では、巻取り温度の上限は450℃とした。好ましくは420℃以下である。なお、巻取り温度の下限については、特に規定はしないが、巻取り温度が低温になりすぎると、硬質なマルテンサイトが過剰に生成し、冷間圧延負荷が増大するため、300℃以上が好ましい。
熱間圧延工程後、酸洗を実施し、熱延板表層のスケールを除去する。この酸洗処理は特に限定されず、常法に従って実施すればよい。
所定の板厚の冷延板に圧延する冷間圧延工程を行う。この冷間圧延工程は特に限定されず常法に従って実施すればよい。
冷間圧延後、5~20℃/sの平均昇温速度で700~830℃の温度域まで加熱し、該温度域で15秒以上600秒間均熱する。
この焼鈍は、冷間圧延後の再結晶を進行させると共に、熱間プレス後の部材のミクロ組織やTi系析出物の分布状態を制御するために実施する。
この焼鈍工程において、あまりに急速に加熱すると再結晶が進行しにくくなるため、平均昇温速度の上限は20℃/sとする。一方、昇温速度が小さすぎるとフェライトやマルテンサイト粒が粗大化して、熱間プレス後に所望のミクロ組織が得られないため、5℃/s以上の平均昇温速度が必要である。好ましくは8℃/s以上である。この平均昇温速度を制御することによって、結晶粒の微細化が可能となる。
そして、後述する700~830℃の均熱温度域まで加熱する。
均熱温度は、フェライトとオーステナイトの2相域の温度域とする。700℃未満ではマルテンサイト分率が少なくなり、オーステナイト中に高濃度のCおよびMnが濃化するため、熱間プレス後に所望のセメンタイトの析出状態が得られない。従って、均熱温度の下限は700℃とする。一方、均熱温度が高すぎると、オーステナイトの結晶粒成長が顕著となり、結晶粒およびTi系析出物が粗大化し、耐遅れ破壊特性が低下するため、均熱温度は830℃以下とする。好ましくは810℃以下である。
上記の均熱温度において、再結晶の進行および一部もしくは全ての組織のオーステナイト変態のためには、少なくとも15s保持する必要がある。一方、保持時間が過剰に長いと、Mnのミクロ偏析が助長され、曲げ加工性が劣化することから、保持時間は600秒以内が好ましい。
・均熱後の冷却条件:5℃/s以上の第3平均冷却速度で600℃以下の温度域まで冷却
上記の均熱処理(焼鈍処理)後は、均熱温度から600℃以下の温度域(冷却停止温度)まで、5℃/s以上の平均冷却速度で冷却する必要がある。平均冷却速度が5℃/s未満では、冷却中にフェライト変態が進行して、冷延鋼板のマルテンサイトの体積率が減少し、Ti系析出物が粗大化するため、耐遅れ破壊特性の確保が困難となる。この平均冷却速度の上限については特に規定されないが、設備上の観点およびコストの面から、30℃/s以下が好適である。また、冷却停止温度が600℃を超える場合には、パーライトが過剰に生成し、鋼板のミクロ組織における所定の体積率を得られないため、耐遅れ破壊特性が低下する。
すなわち、上記した連続鋳造工程、熱間圧延工程および焼鈍工程を適正に制御することによって、結晶粒が微細化され、Mn偏析が解消されると共に、Ti系析出物の分布状態が改善される結果、平均結晶粒径が4μm以下のマルテンサイトを体積率で5~45%の範囲で含有し、さらに鋼板表面から板厚方向に100μmまでの範囲で粒径が0.10μm未満のTi系析出物が鋼板の板厚方向に平行な断面100μm2当たり平均で15個以上存在するという、ミクロ組織を得ることができる。
〔めっき工程〕
本発明の熱間プレス用冷延鋼板は、上述の製造工程により製造された冷延鋼板ままで使用してもよいが、目的に応じて、Al系めっき層またはZn系めっき層を形成するためのAl系めっき処理またはZn系めっき処理を行ってもよい。
かかるめっき処理は何ら限定されるものではなく、公知の溶融めっき法、電気めっき法、蒸着めっき法等がいずれも適用可能である。また、めっき処理後に合金化処理を施してもよい。代表的なめっき処理としては、Al系めっき処理としては、溶融アルミ(Al)めっき、溶融Al-Siめっきを施す処理が、またZn系めっき処理としては、溶融亜鉛めっきまたは電気亜鉛ニッケルめっきを施す処理、あるいは溶融亜鉛めっき後さらに合金化処理を施す処理が挙げられる。
例えば、素材である熱間プレス用冷延鋼板を、電気炉、ガス炉、通電加熱炉、遠赤外線加熱炉等を使用して、Ac3変態点~1000℃の温度範囲に加熱し、この温度範囲で0~600秒間保持した後、鋼板をプレス機に搬送して、550~800℃の範囲で熱間プレスを行えばよい。熱間プレス用冷延鋼板を加熱する際の昇温速度は、3~200℃/sとすればよい。
Ac3変態点(℃)=881-206C+53Si-15Mn-20Ni-1Cr-27Cu+41Mo
ただし、式中の元素記号は各元素の含有量(質量%)を表す。含有しない元素については、0として計算する。
なお、本発明は、もとより以下に述べる実施例によって制限を受けるものではなく、本発明の趣旨に適合し得る範囲において適当に変更を加えて実施することも可能であり、それらは何れも本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。
ついで、得られた熱延板を、酸洗後、表2に示す圧下率で冷間圧延を施して、冷延板(板厚:1.4mm)とした。
ついで、かくして得られた冷延鋼板を、連続焼鈍ライン(CAL)もしくは連続溶融めっきライン(CGL)において、表2に示す条件で焼鈍処理を行い、CALを通過した鋼板については冷延鋼板(CR)、CGLを通過した鋼板については溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板(GI)を得た。なお、CGLを通過した鋼板の一部については、溶融亜鉛めっき処理を施した後、さらに550℃で合金化処理を行い、合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板(GA)を得た。また、溶融アルミめっき処理を施して、溶融アルミめっき鋼板(AS)を得た。さらに、一部はCALにて焼鈍した後に電気亜鉛めっきライン(EGL)において、電気亜鉛ニッケルめっき鋼板(EZN)を得た。
熱間プレスで使用した金型は、パンチ幅70mm、パンチ肩R4mm、ダイ肩R4mmで、成形深さは30mmである。冷延鋼板に対する加熱は、加熱速度に応じて赤外線加熱炉または雰囲気加熱炉のいずれかを用い、大気中で行った。また、プレス後の冷却は、鋼板のパンチ・ダイ間での挟み込みと挟み込みから開放したダイ上での空冷とを組み合わせて行い、プレス(開始)温度から150℃まで冷却した。このとき、パンチを下死点にて保持する時間を1~60秒の範囲で変えることで冷却速度を調整した。
かくして得られた冷延鋼板および熱間プレス部材のミクロ組織を表4に示す。また、熱間プレス部材の引張特性、耐遅れ破壊特性および抵抗スポット溶接後の十字引張強さの測定結果を表5に示す。
Claims (13)
- 部材の鋼化学成分が、質量%で、C:0.28%以上0.42%未満、Si:1.5%以下、Mn:1.1%以上2.4%以下、P:0.05%以下、S:0.005%以下、Al:0.01%以上0.50%以下、N:0.010%以下およびTi:0.005%以上0.15%以下を含有し、かつMo:0.50%以下およびCr:0.50%以下から選択される一種または二種を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、
部材のミクロ組織が、旧オーステナイト平均結晶粒径が8μm以下、マルテンサイトの体積率が90%以上で、粒径が0.05μm以上のセメンタイトが部材の厚さ方向に平行な断面200μm2当たり平均で10個以上存在し、
さらに部材表面から板厚方向に100μmまでの範囲で粒径が0.10μm未満のTi系析出物が部材の厚さ方向に平行な断面100μm2当たり平均で10個以上存在し、引張強さが1780MPa以上である熱間プレス部材。 - 前記部材が、質量%で、さらにNb:0.15%以下、B:0.0050%以下、Sb:0.001%以上0.020%以下、Ca:0.005%以下、Mg:0.005%以下、REM:0.005%以下、V:0.15%以下、Cu:0.50%以下、Ni:0.50%以下、Sn:0.50%以下、Zn:0.10%以下、Co:0.10%以下、Zr:0.10%以下、Ta:0.10%以下およびW:0.10%以下から選択される一種または二種以上を含有する請求項1に記載の熱間プレス部材。
- 部材の鋼化学成分中、とくにC、P、Mn、Cr、MoおよびTiが下記式(1)を満たす請求項1または2に記載の熱間プレス部材。
記
(6[C]+2[Mn]+49[P])/([Cr]/2+[Mo]/3+7[Ti])≦30.5 ・・・(1)
ここで、〔M〕はM元素の含有量(質量%)であり、元素[M]を含有しない場合は0として計算する。 - 前記部材の表層に、Al系めっき層またはZn系めっき層を有する請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の熱間プレス部材。
- 鋼板の化学成分が、質量%で、C:0.28%以上0.42%未満、Si:1.5%以下、Mn:1.1%以上2.4%以下、P:0.05%以下、S:0.005%以下、Al:0.01%以上0.50%以下、N:0.010%以下およびTi:0.005%以上0.15%以下を含有し、かつMo:0.50%以下およびCr:0.50%以下から選択される一種または二種を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、
鋼板のミクロ組織が、平均結晶粒径が4μm以下のマルテンサイトを体積率で5~45%の範囲で含有し、さらに鋼板表面から板厚方向に100μmまでの範囲で粒径が0.10μm未満のTi系析出物が鋼板の板厚方向に平行な断面100μm2当たり平均で15個以上存在する、熱間プレス用冷延鋼板。 - 前記鋼板が、質量%で、さらにNb:0.15%以下、B:0.0050%以下、Sb:0.001%以上0.020%以下、Ca:0.005%以下、Mg:0.005%以下、REM:0.005%以下、V:0.15%以下、Cu:0.50%以下、Ni:0.50%以下、Sn:0.50%以下、Zn:0.10%以下、Co:0.10%以下、Zr:0.10%以下、Ta:0.10%以下およびW:0.10%以下から選択される一種または二種以上を含有する請求項5に記載の熱間プレス用冷延鋼板。
- 鋼板の化学成分中、とくにC、P、Mn、Cr、MoおよびTiが下記式(1)を満たす請求項5または6に記載の熱間プレス用冷延鋼板。
記
(6[C]+2[Mn]+49[P])/([Cr]/2+[Mo]/3+7[Ti])≦30.5 ・・・(1)
ここで、〔M〕はM元素の含有量(質量%)であり、元素[M]を含有しない場合は0として計算する。 - 前記鋼板が、表面にAl系めっき層またはZn系めっき層を有する請求項5乃至7のいずれかに記載の熱間プレス用冷延鋼板。
- 請求項5に記載の熱間プレス用冷延鋼板を製造する方法であって、
質量%で、C:0.28%以上0.42%未満、Si:1.5%以下、Mn:1.1%以上2.4%以下、P:0.05%以下、S:0.005%以下、Al:0.01%以上0.50%以下、N:0.010%以下およびTi:0.005%以上0.15%以下を含有し、かつMo:0.50%以下およびCr:0.50%以下から選択される一種または二種を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる溶鋼を、連続鋳造してスラブとし、このスラブを650℃まで6h以内に冷却し、
その後、再加熱して、仕上げ圧延の最終パスの圧下率を12%以上、該最終パスの直前のパスの圧下率を15%以上とし、仕上げ圧延終了温度が860~950℃の条件で熱間圧延し、
上記の熱間圧延後、冷却停止温度までの第1平均冷却速度を70℃/s以上とし、700℃以下の冷却停止温度まで冷却する1次冷却を施し、
上記の1次冷却後、巻取温度までの第2平均冷却速度を5~50℃/sとし、450℃以下の巻取温度で巻取る2次冷却を施し、
ついで、巻き取った熱延鋼板を酸洗後、冷間圧延を行ったのち、5~20℃/sの平均昇温速度で700~830℃の温度域まで加熱し、該温度域で15~600秒間均熱する焼鈍を施し、
上記の均熱処理後、第3平均冷却速度を5℃/s以上とし、600℃以下の冷却停止温度まで冷却する3次冷却を施す、熱間プレス用冷延鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記溶鋼が、質量%で、さらにNb:0.15%以下、B:0.0050%以下、Sb:0.001%以上0.020%以下、Ca:0.005%以下、Mg:0.005%以下、REM:0.005%以下、V:0.15%以下、Cu:0.50%以下、Ni:0.50%以下、Sn:0.50%以下、Zn:0.10%以下、Co:0.10%以下、Zr:0.10%以下、Ta:0.10%以下およびW:0.10%以下から選択される一種または二種以上を含有する請求項9に記載の熱間プレス用冷延鋼板の製造方法。
- 溶鋼の化学成分中、とくにC、P、Mn、Cr、MoおよびTiが下記式(1)を満たす請求項9または10に記載の熱間プレス用冷延鋼板の製造方法。
記
(6[C]+2[Mn]+49[P])/([Cr]/2+[Mo]/3+7[Ti])≦30.5 ・・・(1)
ここで、〔M〕はM元素の含有量(質量%)であり、元素[M]を含有しない場合は0として計算する。 - 前記3次冷却後、さらに鋼板表面にAl系めっき処理またはZn系めっき処理を施す請求項9乃至11のいずれかに記載の熱間プレス用冷延鋼板の製造方法。
- 請求項5乃至8のいずれかに記載の熱間プレス用冷延鋼板を、Ac3変態点~1000℃の温度域で加熱後、熱間プレスを行う熱間プレス部材の製造方法。
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| JPWO2020158285A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-31 | 2021-02-18 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 熱間プレス部材、熱間プレス部材用冷延鋼板、およびそれらの製造方法 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3647448B1 (en) | 2021-04-28 |
| CN110809631B (zh) | 2021-12-10 |
| JPWO2019003539A1 (ja) | 2019-06-27 |
| CN110809631A (zh) | 2020-02-18 |
| EP3647448A4 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
| WO2019003447A1 (ja) | 2019-01-03 |
| KR102316660B1 (ko) | 2021-10-22 |
| US11420247B2 (en) | 2022-08-23 |
| US20200353527A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 |
| KR20200013726A (ko) | 2020-02-07 |
| JP6504323B1 (ja) | 2019-04-24 |
| EP3647448A1 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
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