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WO2019093625A1 - Appareil et procédé de commande de charge - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé de commande de charge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019093625A1
WO2019093625A1 PCT/KR2018/009258 KR2018009258W WO2019093625A1 WO 2019093625 A1 WO2019093625 A1 WO 2019093625A1 KR 2018009258 W KR2018009258 W KR 2018009258W WO 2019093625 A1 WO2019093625 A1 WO 2019093625A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
battery modules
battery
voltage charging
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR2018/009258
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김원곤
이기영
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LG Chem Ltd
Original Assignee
LG Chem Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LG Chem Ltd filed Critical LG Chem Ltd
Priority to CN201890000653.1U priority Critical patent/CN211018294U/zh
Publication of WO2019093625A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019093625A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
    • G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a charge control apparatus and method, and more particularly, to a charge control apparatus and method for charging a battery including a plurality of battery modules to a full charge state.
  • the lithium secondary battery is free from charge / discharge because it has almost no memory effect compared with a nickel-based secondary battery.
  • the self-discharge rate is very low and the energy density is high.
  • Batteries are used in a variety of applications, such as electric powered vehicles or smart grid systems, where battery-intensive applications often require large capacities.
  • In order to increase the capacity of the battery pack there may be a method of increasing the capacity of the secondary battery, that is, the battery cell itself.
  • the capacity increase effect is not large and the size of the secondary battery is physically limited, Respectively. Therefore, a battery pack in which a plurality of battery modules are connected in series and in parallel is widely used.
  • the battery modules constituting the battery pack may not have the same electrochemical characteristics. Further, as the number of charging / discharging cycles of the battery pack increases, the degree of degradation varies for each battery module, so that the performance variation of the battery modules may become larger. Thus, while the battery pack is being charged to the full charge state, the charge state of each battery module may rise at different rates.
  • the depleted battery module When the battery pack is fully charged up to the fully charged state, the depleted battery module may have a faster charging state than the battery module without capacity degradation. This is because the depleted battery module is in a state in which the full charge capacity is lower than that of the depleted battery module. Therefore, the charging states of the respective battery modules during the charging of the battery pack may be different from each other.
  • an apparatus for controlling charging of a battery including a plurality of battery modules connected in series, the apparatus comprising: A high voltage charging line having a high voltage charging switch section; A low voltage charging line for applying low voltage charging power to both ends of at least one of the plurality of battery modules; A low voltage charging switch unit configured to selectively connect at least one of the plurality of battery modules and the low voltage charging line; And a high voltage charging switch unit electrically connected to the high voltage charging switch unit and the low voltage charging switch unit to calculate a charging state of the plurality of battery modules, and when at least one of the plurality of battery modules reaches a full charge state, Determines at least one battery module as an auxiliary charging object based on the calculated charging state, selectively turns on the low-voltage charging switch section, and at least one battery module determined as an auxiliary charging object is supplementarily charged And a control unit.
  • the charge control apparatus may further include a connector unit configured to be connectable to an external charging apparatus, wherein the high voltage charging line and one end of the low voltage charging line are connected to each other.
  • the connector unit may include an input terminal configured to be connected to the external charging device, a first output terminal to which the high-voltage charging line is connected, and a second output terminal to which the low-voltage charging line is connected.
  • the positive input terminal of the input terminal is connected to the positive output terminal of the first output terminal and the positive output terminal of the second output terminal.
  • the negative input terminal of the input terminal is connected to the first output terminal, And a negative output terminal of the second output terminal.
  • the low-voltage charging switch unit includes a plurality of low-voltage charging circuits, one end of which is connected to the low-voltage charging line and the other end of which is connected to both ends of the battery module and are connected in parallel to each other. And at least one unit switch for opening and closing can be provided.
  • the control unit turns off all of the unit switches provided in the plurality of low-voltage charging circuits when the charging states of the plurality of battery modules reach the full-charge state.
  • the charging control device may further include a voltage measuring unit for measuring a voltage of the plurality of battery modules, a current measuring unit for measuring a magnitude of a charging current for the plurality of battery modules, And a temperature measuring unit for measuring temperature.
  • control unit may be configured to use the voltage measurement value, the current measurement value, and the temperature measurement value for the plurality of battery modules received from the voltage measurement unit, the current measurement unit, and the temperature measurement unit, The state can be calculated and monitored.
  • the controller may determine at least one battery module having the lowest charge state among the plurality of battery modules as an auxiliary charge object.
  • the controller may determine that the battery module having the same charging status as the battery module in which the auxiliary charging is in progress and the battery module having the same charging status as the auxiliary charging target together.
  • a BMS according to the present invention includes a charge control apparatus according to the present invention.
  • a battery pack including a charge control device according to the present invention.
  • the charging control method is a method of controlling charging of a battery composed of a plurality of battery modules connected in series, wherein high-voltage charging power is applied to both ends of the plurality of battery modules to charge the plurality of battery modules step; Calculating and monitoring a state of charge of the plurality of battery modules; Stopping the application of the high voltage charging power when at least one of the plurality of battery modules reaches a full charge state; Determining at least one battery module as an auxiliary charging object based on the charging state among the plurality of battery modules; And turning on the low-voltage charging switch unit connected to each battery module determined as the auxiliary charging target to connect the corresponding battery module to the low-voltage charging line to perform auxiliary charging.
  • a battery module having a low charging state can be selectively charged in a configuration for selecting a battery module requiring charging in order to equalize charge between battery modules.
  • a charge equalizing circuit can be simplified by receiving a high voltage charging power and a low voltage charging power from a single external charging device in a configuration connected to an external charging device.
  • the present invention can have various other effects, and other effects of the present invention can be understood by the following description, and can be more clearly understood by the embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a connection configuration of a charge control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a detailed configuration of a connector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a view schematically showing a connection structure between a plurality of battery modules and a low voltage charging switch unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing a connection structure between a plurality of battery modules and a discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart schematically showing a charge control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charge control device is a device for controlling the charging of a battery.
  • the battery may be provided with one or more secondary batteries.
  • the charge control apparatus according to the present invention can control charging of a plurality of battery modules included in the battery pack.
  • the charge control apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to a battery including a plurality of battery modules connected in series.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a connection configuration of a charge control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • a charge control apparatus may include a high voltage charging line L1, a low voltage charging line L2, a low voltage charging switch unit 200, and a control unit 300 .
  • the high-voltage charging line (L1) can apply high-voltage charging power to both ends of the plurality of battery modules (10). That is, the high-voltage charging line L1 is connected to both ends of a plurality of battery modules 10 connected in series, so that high-voltage charging power can be transmitted to the plurality of battery modules 10.
  • the high-voltage charging line L1 may include the high-voltage charging switch unit 100.
  • the high-voltage charging switch unit 100 is located on a high-voltage charging line L1, one end of which is connected to a positive terminal of a plurality of battery modules 10, and is connected to a plurality of battery modules 10 The high voltage charging power that is transmitted can be cut off.
  • the low-voltage charging line (L2) may apply low-voltage charging power to both ends of at least one battery module (10) of the plurality of battery modules (10).
  • the low-voltage charging switch unit 200 may be configured to selectively connect at least one of the plurality of battery modules 10 to the low-voltage charging line L2.
  • the low-voltage charging switch unit 200 may be located between the low-voltage charging line L2 and the plurality of battery modules 10.
  • the low-voltage charging switch unit 200 may be connected to both ends of each battery module 10, respectively.
  • the low voltage charging switch unit 200 may be configured such that the anode line and the cathode line of the low voltage charging line L2 can be connected to the anode terminal and the cathode terminal of each battery module 10, respectively.
  • the configuration of the low voltage charging switch unit 200 will be described later in detail.
  • the control unit 300 may be electrically connected to the high voltage charging switch unit 100 and the low voltage charging switch unit 200. Preferably, the control unit 300 may output a signal for controlling the turn-on or turn-off of the high-voltage charge switch unit 100. [ Also, the control unit 300 can output a signal for controlling the turn-on or turn-off of the low-voltage charging switch unit 200. [
  • the controller 300 can calculate the state of charge of the plurality of battery modules 10. For example, the control unit 300 can calculate the charging states for the plurality of battery modules 10 based on the voltage measurement value, the current measurement value, and / or the temperature measurement value for the plurality of battery modules 10 .
  • the control unit 300 can turn off the high voltage charging switch unit 100 when at least one of the plurality of battery modules 10 reaches the full charge state. For example, the control unit 300 can calculate the charging states of the plurality of battery modules 10 and determine the battery modules 10 that have reached the full charging state based on the calculated charging states. When the battery module 10 having reached the full charge state is determined, the control unit 300 may turn off the high voltage charging switch unit 100 to prevent overcharge of the battery module 10, have.
  • the control unit 300 can determine at least one battery module 10 to be an auxiliary charging object based on the state of charge of the plurality of battery modules 10. [ In particular, the control unit 300 can calculate the charging state of the plurality of battery modules 10, and determine the battery module 10 having the lowest charging state as an auxiliary charging target based on the calculated charging state.
  • the module 10 can be determined as an auxiliary charging object.
  • the control unit 300 may supplement the at least one battery module 10 determined as the auxiliary charging target. At this time, the control unit 300 may selectively turn on the low-voltage charging switch unit 200 so that both ends of the at least one battery module 10 determined as the auxiliary charging target are connected to the low-voltage charging line L2 .
  • the charge control apparatus may further include a connector unit 400, as shown in the embodiment of FIG.
  • the connector unit 400 may be configured to be connectable to the external charging apparatus 50. That is, the connector unit 400 can be attached to and detached from the external charging apparatus 50.
  • the connector portion 400 may be a charging connector provided in the electric vehicle.
  • the external charging device 50 may be a charger for an electric vehicle.
  • the connector 400 may be connected to one end of the high-voltage charging line L1 and the low-voltage charging line L2, respectively.
  • the connector unit 400 may be connected to the positive line and the negative line of the high-voltage charging line L1 and the low-voltage charging line L2, respectively.
  • the connector unit 400 can deliver the high-voltage charging power delivered from the external charging apparatus 50 to the high-voltage charging line L1.
  • the connector unit 400 can deliver the low-voltage charging power transmitted from the external charging apparatus 50 to the low-voltage charging line L2.
  • the connector 400 may include an input terminal 410, a first output terminal 430, and a second output terminal 450, as shown in the embodiment of FIG.
  • the input terminal 410 is configured to be connected to the external charging device 50 so that it can receive the high voltage charging power output from the external charging device 50.
  • the first output terminal 430 may output a high voltage charging power capable of charging the plurality of battery modules 10 when the high voltage battery B is charged.
  • the anode line and the cathode line of the high-voltage charging line L1 may be connected to the first output terminal 430.
  • the second output terminal 450 may output a low voltage charging power capable of individually charging the battery module 10 having a low charging state in the process of charging the high voltage battery B to the full charging state.
  • the anode line and the cathode line of the low-voltage charging line L2 may be connected.
  • the low-voltage charging line L2 may optionally further comprise a transformer 500 that reduces the charging power to a level capable of supplementally charging at least one battery module 10 .
  • the power conversion ratio of the transformer 500 may be determined according to the number of the battery modules 10 to be auxiliary-charged through the low-voltage charging line L2.
  • the number of battery modules 10 capable of auxiliary charging can be selected in the range of 1 to N-1. At this time, N is the total number of the battery modules 10.
  • the charge control apparatus may include a voltage measurement unit 610, a current measurement unit 630, and a temperature measurement unit 650, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. have.
  • the voltage measuring unit 610 may be electrically coupled to the controller 300 so as to exchange electric signals. Under the control of the controller 300, the voltage measuring unit 610 measures the voltage between both terminals of the battery module 10 with a time interval and outputs a signal indicating the measured voltage level to the controller 300 . At this time, the control unit 300 can determine the voltage of each battery module 10 from the signal output from the voltage measuring unit 610.
  • the voltage measuring unit 610 may be implemented using a voltage measuring circuit commonly used in the art. The circuit configuration of the voltage measuring unit 610 for measuring the voltage of each battery module 10 will be apparent to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
  • the current measuring unit 630 may be electrically coupled to the controller 300 so as to exchange electric signals.
  • the current measuring unit 630 repeatedly measures the magnitude of the charging current or the discharging current of each battery module 10 with a time interval under the control of the controller 300 and outputs a signal indicating the magnitude of the measured current to the controller 300).
  • the control unit 300 can determine the magnitude of the current from the signal output from the current measuring unit 630.
  • the current measuring unit 630 may be implemented using a hall sensor or a sense resistor commonly used in the art.
  • the Hall sensor or sense resistor may be installed in the line through which the current flows.
  • the circuit configuration of the current measuring unit 630 for measuring the charging current or the discharging current of each battery module 10 will be apparent to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
  • the temperature measuring unit 650 may be electrically coupled to the controller 300 so as to exchange electric signals. In addition, the temperature measuring unit 650 repeatedly measures the temperature of each battery module 10 at intervals of time, and outputs a signal indicating the measured temperature to the controller 300. At this time, the controller 300 can determine the temperature of each battery module 10 from the signal output from the temperature measuring unit 650.
  • the temperature measuring unit 650 may be implemented using a thermocouple commonly used in the art.
  • the circuit configuration of the temperature measuring unit 650 for measuring the temperature of each battery module 10 will be obvious to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
  • the controller 300 controls the voltage measurement values, the current measurement values, and the temperature measurement values for the plurality of battery modules 10 received from the voltage measurement unit 610, the current measurement unit 630, and the temperature measurement unit 650,
  • the charging state of each battery module 10 can be calculated and monitored. That is, the control unit 300 may calculate and monitor the respective state of charge (SOC) during charging or discharging of the plurality of battery modules 10.
  • SOC state of charge
  • the control unit 300 can estimate the state of charge of each battery module 10 by integrating the charge current and the discharge current of each battery module 10.
  • the initial value of the charging state at the start of charging or discharging of each battery module 10 can be determined using the OCV of each battery module 10 measured before the charging or discharging is started.
  • the controller 300 may include an open-voltage-charge state look-up table that defines a charge state for each open-circuit voltage, and may map a charge state corresponding to an open-circuit voltage of each battery module 10 from a lookup table.
  • the controller 300 may calculate the state of charge of each battery module 10 using the extended Kalman filter.
  • the extended Kalman filter is a mathematical algorithm that adaptively estimates the state of charge of the battery module 10 using the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery cell.
  • estimation of the state of charge using the extended Kalman filter can be performed, for example, by Gregory L. Plett, "Extended Kalman filtering for battery management systems of LiPB-based HEV battery packs Parts 1, 2 and 3" (Journal of Power Source 134, 2004, p. 252-261).
  • the state of charge of each battery module 10 may be determined by other known methods capable of estimating the state of charge by selectively utilizing voltage, current, and temperature of each battery module 10 in addition to the current integration method or the extended Kalman filter described above .
  • the control unit 300 can determine the full charge capacity of each battery module 10. [ Full charge capacity is used to calculate the charge state. The full charge capacity can be calculated by the controller 300 in the process of charging the battery module 10 from the fully discharged state to the full charge state. The full charge capacity can also be determined by other methods known in the art.
  • the controller 300 preferably controls the battery module 10, Together, they can decide to be an auxiliary charging target.
  • the charging states of the first battery module, the second battery module, the third battery module, and the fourth battery module which are the four battery modules 10 connected in series, are fully charged through the high voltage charging line L1 Assume that 100%, 80%, 90% and 100%, respectively, have been reached.
  • the controller 300 may advance the secondary charging to the second battery module so that the charging state reaches 90%.
  • the control unit 300 may determine the third battery module having the conventional charge state of 90% in addition to the auxiliary battery-charged second battery module as auxiliary charge objects, and simultaneously charge the second and third battery modules .
  • control unit 300 can turn off all the plurality of low voltage charging switch units 200 when the charging states of the plurality of battery modules 10 reach the fully charged state.
  • the controller 300 may include a processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), another chipset, a logic circuit, a register, a communication modem, and / or a data processing device As shown in FIG.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a detailed configuration of a connector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the connector 400 may include a first output terminal 430, a second output terminal 450, and an input terminal 410.
  • the first output terminal 430 may include a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the first output terminal 430 outputs the high-voltage charging power transmitted from the external charging apparatus to the connector unit 400 through the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal to the high-voltage charging line L1 .
  • the second output terminal 450 may include a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the second output terminal 450 outputs the low-voltage charging power transmitted from the external charging apparatus to the connector unit 400 through the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal to the low-voltage charging line L2 .
  • the input terminal 410 may include a positive input terminal and a negative input terminal. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the input terminal 410 can receive high voltage and low voltage charging power from the external charging device through the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal.
  • the positive input terminal 410 may be connected to the positive output terminal of the first output terminal 430 and the positive output terminal of the second output terminal 450, respectively.
  • the negative input terminal 410 may be connected to the negative output terminal of the first output terminal 430 and the negative output terminal of the second output terminal 450, respectively.
  • the charge equalization circuit can be simplified by receiving high voltage charging power and low voltage charging power from one external charging device through one connector.
  • FIG 3 is a view schematically showing a connection structure between a plurality of battery modules and a low voltage charging switch unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a low-voltage charging switch unit 200 includes a low-voltage charging line L2 and a plurality of battery modules 11, 12, 13, 14 One side of which is connected to the low voltage charging line L2 and the other side of which is connected to the plurality of battery modules 11, 12, 13, 14.
  • the low-voltage charging switch unit 200 may include a plurality of low-voltage charging circuits (C).
  • the low voltage charging circuit C includes a plurality of battery modules 11 to selectively connect the low voltage charging line L2 to at least one battery module 10 selected from the plurality of battery modules 11, (11, 12, 13, 14). At this time, the low-voltage charging circuit C may be connected at one end to the low-voltage charging line L2 and at the other end to both ends of the battery module 10.
  • the low voltage charging switch unit 200 includes a first charging circuit (C1), a second charging circuit (C2), a third charging circuit (C3), and a fourth charging circuit Circuit C4 may be provided.
  • the first charging circuit (C1) can connect both ends of the low voltage charging line (L2) and both ends of the first battery module (11).
  • the second charging circuit C2 can connect both ends of the low-voltage charging line L2 and both ends of the second battery module 12.
  • the third and fourth charging circuits C3 and C4 can connect both ends of the low voltage charging line L2 and both ends of the third and fourth battery modules 13 and 14. [ Although not shown in Fig. 3, when the N battery modules 10 are connected in series, the fifth to Nth charging circuits may have a similar configuration.
  • the plurality of low-voltage charging circuits C may be connected in parallel with each other.
  • the first charging circuit C1, the second charging circuit C2, the third charging circuit C3, and the fourth charging circuit C4 are connected to the low- L2, respectively, in parallel with each other.
  • the fifth to Nth charging circuits may have a similar configuration.
  • the low-voltage charging circuit C may include at least one unit switch for selectively opening and closing the current path.
  • the low-voltage charging circuit C may include a plurality of unit switches connected to both ends of the battery module 10, respectively.
  • the first charging circuit C1 includes a first switch C1_1 and a second switch C1_1 respectively connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the first battery module 11, C1_2).
  • the second charging circuit C2 may include a first switch C2_1 and a second switch C2_2 connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the second battery module 12, respectively.
  • the third and fourth charging circuits C3 and C4 may include first switches C3_1 and C4_1 and second switches C3_2 and C4_2.
  • the control unit 300 preferably controls the first switches C1_1, C2_1, C3_1 and C4_1 and the second switches C1_2, C2_2, C3_2 and C4_2 provided in the plurality of low voltage charging circuits C, It is possible to output a signal which can individually control ON or OFF. Thereby, the control unit selects at least one battery module 10 of the plurality of battery modules 10, and individually outputs the selected battery module 10 and the low-voltage charging line L2 via the low-voltage charging circuit C individually You can connect.
  • the control unit 300 may turn off all the unit switches provided in the plurality of low-voltage charging circuits (C) have.
  • the control unit 300 determines whether all of the first battery module 11, the second battery module 12, the third battery module 13, The first switches C1_1, C2_1, C3_1 and C4_1 and the second switches C1_2, C2_2, C3_2 and C4_2 can be turned off.
  • the battery module 10 having a low charging state can be selectively charged. Therefore, according to this aspect of the present invention, the charging state of the entire battery module can be uniformly maintained, and the charge equalization speed between the battery modules is increased.
  • FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing a connection structure between a plurality of battery modules and a discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a charge control apparatus may include a plurality of discharge circuits D connected to a plurality of battery modules 11, 12, 13, and 14, respectively.
  • the plurality of discharge circuits D may be provided together with the plurality of low voltage charging circuits C shown in Fig.
  • the first discharge circuit D1 may be connected to both ends of the first battery module 11 and may include a first discharge switch S1 and a first discharge resistor R1.
  • the second discharging circuit D2 may include a second discharging switch S2 and a second discharging resistor R2, which are connected to both ends of the second battery module 12.
  • the third and fourth discharge circuits D3 and D4 are connected to both ends of the third battery module 13 and the fourth battery module, respectively, and are connected to the third and fourth discharge switches S3 and S4 Third and fourth discharge resistors R3 and R4, respectively.
  • the fifth to Nth discharge circuits may have a similar configuration.
  • control section can output a signal capable of individually controlling the turn-on or turn-off of the discharge switch S provided in the plurality of discharge circuits D.
  • control unit can select at least one battery module 10 among the plurality of battery modules 10, and can individually discharge the selected battery modules 10.
  • the charge control apparatus can simultaneously perform forced discharge and auxiliary charge. That is, the charge control device is configured to charge the battery module 10 of at least one of the plurality of battery modules 10 using the low-voltage charging circuit C and the discharging circuit D shown in the embodiment of Figs. 3 and 4, The forced discharge and the auxiliary charging can be performed simultaneously.
  • the charge control apparatus can operate in two modes, a rapid charge mode and a normal charge mode.
  • the rapid charging mode is a mode for quickly charging a plurality of battery modules 10 to a full charge state by using forced discharge, high voltage charging, and auxiliary charging.
  • charging speed may be fast, but energy loss due to forced discharge may occur.
  • the control unit can charge all the battery modules 10 by auxiliary charging the two battery modules 10 whose charge state is 95%.
  • the normal charging mode is a mode for charging the battery module 10 to the full charge state without energy loss by using the auxiliary charging.
  • the charging state can be increased from 80% to 85%.
  • the battery module 10 having the conventional charge state of 85% is determined as an auxiliary charge object, and all the battery modules 10 are fully charged by charging the three battery modules 10 having the charge state of 85% .
  • the charge control apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to a BMS. That is, the BMS according to the present invention may include the above-described charge control apparatus according to the present invention. In such a configuration, at least some of the components of the charge control apparatus according to the present invention can be implemented by supplementing or adding functions of the configuration included in the conventional BMS.
  • the control unit, the voltage measurement unit, the current measurement unit, and the temperature measurement unit of the charge control apparatus according to the present invention can be implemented as components of a BMS (Battery Management System).
  • the charge control apparatus according to the present invention may be provided in a battery pack. That is, the battery pack according to the present invention may include the above-described charge control apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the battery pack may include one or more secondary batteries, the charge control device, an electrical component (including BMS, relay, fuse, etc.), and a case.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart schematically showing a charge control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the execution subject of each step may be each constituent element of the above-described charge control device according to the present invention.
  • step S110 when the charging starts, the control unit turns on the high voltage charging switch unit installed in the high voltage charging line (S110). Then, the charging current flows through the plurality of battery modules, that is, the first to Nth battery modules, and charging of the plurality of battery modules is started.
  • the start of charging may be performed according to a charge start request signal transmitted from the external charging device.
  • the connector unit may include a communication interface, and the control unit may be electrically coupled to transmit and receive an electrical signal through the communication interface.
  • step S120 the control unit calculates and monitors the state of charge of the plurality of battery modules while the high-voltage battery is being charged.
  • the charging state can be calculated using the current integration method or the extended Kalman filter.
  • step S130 the control unit determines whether at least one of the plurality of battery modules has reached the full charge state while charging of the plurality of battery modules proceeds.
  • step S130 If the result of the determination in step S130 is YES, the control unit turns off the high voltage charging switch unit to suspend the charging in step S140. On the other hand, if the determination result in step S130 is NO, the control unit proceeds to step S120 to continue charging the high-voltage battery.
  • the control unit compares the charging states of the plurality of battery modules with each other in step S150, and determines the battery module having the lowest charging state as an auxiliary charging target.
  • the charging states of the first battery module 11, the second battery module 12, the third battery module 13, and the fourth battery module 14 are 100%, 90% , 80%, and 100%, the third battery module 13 can be determined as an auxiliary charging object.
  • step S160 the control unit turns on the unit switch of the low-voltage charging switch unit connected to the battery module determined as the auxiliary charging object, and connects the battery module to the low-voltage charging line to advance the auxiliary charging.
  • step S170 the controller calculates and monitors the state of charge of the plurality of battery modules while the charging of the battery module determined as the auxiliary charging object proceeds.
  • the charging state can be calculated using the current integration method or the extended Kalman filter.
  • step S180 the control unit determines whether there is a battery module having the same charging state as the battery module determined as the auxiliary charging target.
  • step S180 the control unit proceeds to step S150. On the other hand, if NO is determined in step S180, the process proceeds to step S190 to continue the auxiliary charging for the battery module to be supplemented charging.
  • step S180 determines, together with the battery module determined to be the auxiliary charging target, the battery module having the same charging state as the auxiliary charging target in step S150.
  • the charging states of the first battery module 11, the second battery module 12, the third battery module 13, and the fourth battery module 14 are 100%, 90% , 90%, and 100%
  • the third battery module 13 is determined to be an auxiliary charging object and the auxiliary charging progresses
  • the control unit controls the second battery 13
  • the module 12 can be determined together with the auxiliary charging object, and the second battery module 12 and the third battery module 13 can be supplementarily charged simultaneously.
  • step S180 determines in step S190 whether all the battery modules have reached the full charge state.
  • step S190 determines that the high-voltage battery has reached the full-charge state and ends the charging process. On the other hand, if the determination result in step S190 is NO, the control unit proceeds to step S170 to continue the auxiliary charging to the battery module to be supplemented charge. Accordingly, when one of the battery modules reaches the full charge state, the auxiliary charge progresses sequentially from the battery module having the lowest charge state. Eventually, the charging state of all the battery modules converges to 100%.
  • the auxiliary charging is performed during the module balancing, the charging state of the entire battery module is increased on the average, and the module balancing proceeds. Accordingly, the amount of energy consumed through the forced discharge in the module balancing process can be reduced, and the time required until full charge can be shortened.
  • the charging states of the battery modules are 100%, 90%, 80%, and 85%, respectively, at a specific time when charging the four battery modules. Therefore, energy waste corresponding to 35% of the total change in state of charge is accompanied by this process. At this time, the consumed energy is converted into heat in the discharge circuit.
  • the state of charge of the battery modules is lowered to 80%, the gap with the fully charged state increases on average, and the time required until the full charge becomes longer.
  • the battery module having the charge state of 80% is supplementarily charged.
  • the charging state of the battery module to be supplementarily charged becomes 80% to 85%
  • the battery module having the conventional charging state of 85% is also subjected to the auxiliary charging object, so that the two battery modules having the charging state of 85% are supplementarily charged.
  • the battery module with the conventional charging state of 90% becomes the auxiliary charging target and the three battery modules with the charging state of 90% do.
  • the charging state of the three battery modules to be supplementarily charged reaches 90% to 100%, all the battery modules reach the full charge state and the charging is terminated.
  • 'unit' is used herein, such as 'control unit', 'switch unit', 'measurement unit', etc., it is a logical unit of constitution and means that it must be physically separated or physically separated It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that this does not represent a component.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

Un appareil de commande de charge selon la présente invention comprend : une ligne de charge haute tension ; une ligne de charge basse tension ; une unité de commutation de charge basse tension configurée pour connecter sélectivement au moins un élément d'une pluralité de modules de batterie à la ligne de charge basse tension ; et une unité de commande, l'unité de commande étant électriquement connectée à une unité de commutation de charge haute tension et à l'unité de commutation de charge basse tension, calculant un état de charge de la pluralité de modules de batterie, éteignant l'unité de commutation de charge haute tension lorsqu'au moins un élément de la pluralité de modules de batterie atteint un état complètement chargé, déterminant au moins un module de batterie en tant que cible de charge auxiliaire sur la base de l'état de charge calculé, et allumant sélectivement l'unité de commutation de charge basse tension pour charger de manière auxiliaire ledit module de batterie déterminé en tant que cible de charge auxiliaire.
PCT/KR2018/009258 2017-11-07 2018-08-13 Appareil et procédé de commande de charge Ceased WO2019093625A1 (fr)

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CN201890000653.1U CN211018294U (zh) 2017-11-07 2018-08-13 充电控制装置，电池管理系统和电池组

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KR102856950B1 (ko) * 2019-12-11 2025-09-05 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 배터리 퇴화도 진단 장치 및 방법
CN112383100B (zh) * 2020-10-19 2023-02-21 宁波飞驰达电子科技发展有限公司 一种基于快充协议的锂电池包
CN119013960A (zh) * 2022-04-22 2024-11-22 三星电子株式会社 能够快速充电的电子装置

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CN211018294U (zh) 2020-07-14
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