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WO2019077460A1 - Novel agrochemical combinations - Google Patents

Novel agrochemical combinations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019077460A1
WO2019077460A1 PCT/IB2018/057950 IB2018057950W WO2019077460A1 WO 2019077460 A1 WO2019077460 A1 WO 2019077460A1 IB 2018057950 W IB2018057950 W IB 2018057950W WO 2019077460 A1 WO2019077460 A1 WO 2019077460A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fungicide
methyl
metalaxyl
combination
fungicides
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2018/057950
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Vishwanath Bhanudas GADE
Rajan Ramakant Shirsat
Jaidev Rajnikant Shroff
Vikram Rajnikant Shroff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UPL Ltd
Original Assignee
UPL Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by UPL Ltd filed Critical UPL Ltd
Priority to CN201880074490.6A priority Critical patent/CN111683531A/en
Priority to MX2020004846A priority patent/MX2020004846A/en
Priority to CN202211120851.0A priority patent/CN115530175A/en
Publication of WO2019077460A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019077460A1/en
Priority to PH12020550269A priority patent/PH12020550269A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
    • A01N47/14—Di-thio analogues thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P3/00—Fungicides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to synergistic combinations comprising fungicides and plant health promoting agents.
  • the said combination is highly suitable for controlling unwanted phytopathogenic fungi.
  • Fungicides are an integral and important tool yielded by farmers to control diseases, as well as to improve yields and quality of the crops.
  • fungicides that have been developed over the years with many desirable attributes such as specificity, systemicity, curative and eradicant action and high activity at low use rates.
  • Benzimidazole fungicides are known in the art as broad spectrum fungicides. These fungicides prevent nuclear cell division, making them potent fungicides. Their broad spectrum use make them an ideal tool to manage various fungal diseases.
  • Multi-site fungicides are known in the art as broad spectrum fungicides.
  • Dithiocarbamate are known in the art as multi-site fungicides. These fungicides are used for broad-spectrum disease control in more than 70 crops.
  • Mancozeb is especially important for controlling devastating and fast spreading diseases such as Phytophthora infestans, Venturia inaequalis etc.
  • Dithiocarbamate fungicides, especially mancozeb are particularly useful for disease control because of their broad spectrum of activity, high tolerance by crop plants, and general usefulness for controlling fungal plant diseases not controlled by active compounds that act on only a single target site in the fungus.
  • silica is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust.
  • OSA Orthosilicic Acid
  • IN250155 teaches a combination of mancozeb and carbendazim when mixed with urea enhances bioefficacy of the combination.
  • the addition of urea does not satisfactorily improve the performance of the combination, nor helps in improve disease resistance.
  • embodiments of the present invention may ameliorate one or more of the above mentioned problems:
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a combination that results into reduced fungal disease incidence in the crops to which it is applied.
  • an aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent.
  • an aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide; at least another fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent.
  • an aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide; at least one strobilurin fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent.
  • an aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide; at least one benzimidazole fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent.
  • Another aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide; at least one benzimidazole fungicide selected from albendazole, benomyl, carbendazim, chlorfenazole, cypendazole, debacarb, fuberidazole, mecarbinzid, rabenzazole, thiabendazole; and at least one plant health promoting agent.
  • the term 'disease control' as used herein denotes control and prevention of a disease. Controlling effects include all deviation from natural development, for example: killing, retardation, decrease of the fugal disease.
  • the term 'plants' refers to all physical parts of a plant, including seeds, seedlings, saplings, roots, tubers, stems, stalks, foliage and fruits.
  • locus of a plant as used herein is intended to embrace the place on which the plants are growing, where the plant propagation materials of the plants are sown or where the plant propagation materials of the plants will be placed into the soil.
  • plant propagation material is understood to denote generative parts of a plant, such as seeds, vegetative material such as cuttings or tubers, roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes and parts of plants, germinated plants and young plants which are to be transplanted after germination or after emergence from the soil. These young plants may be protected before transplantation by a total or partial treatment by immersion.
  • agriculturally acceptable amount of active refers to an amount of an active that kills or inhibits the plant disease for which control is desired, in an amount not significantly toxic to the plant being treated.
  • the fungicidal activity and/or the plant-invigorating activity and/or the yield- enhancing activity of the multisite contact fungicides according to the invention was found to be significantly higher in the presence of a plant health promoting agent.
  • the fungicidal activity of the multisite contact fungicide in the presence of a plant health promoting agent of the present invention was surprisingly higher than in the absence of the plant health promoting agent.
  • a plant health promoting additive to a multisite contact fungicide resulted in surprising and unexpected advantages. It was surprising that the addition of a plant health promoter such as a silicic acid based additive when combined with a multisite contact fungicide resulted in an enhancement of the efficacy, and a surprising reduction in fungal disease incidence in comparison to the efficacy seen only with the multisite contact fungicide alone. It has further been found that the addition of a plant health promoting additive to a multisite contact fungicide led to better greening in the crop as well as greater yield from the crop to which they were applied.
  • a plant health promoter such as a silicic acid based additive
  • an aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent.
  • compositions comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide; at least one plant health promoting agent; and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
  • the plant health promoting agent may be added to a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide.
  • the fungicidal activity and/or the plant-invigorating activity and/or the yield- enhancing activity of the active compound combinations according to the invention was found to be significantly higher than the sum of the activities of the individual active compounds.
  • the fungicidal activity of a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide in the presence of a plant health promoting agent of the present invention was surprisingly higher than in the absence of the plant health promoting agent.
  • a plant health promoting additive to a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide resulted in surprising and unexpected advantages. It was surprising that the addition of a plant health promoter such as a silicic acid based additive when combined with a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide resulted in an enhancement of the efficacy, and a surprising reduction in fungal disease incidence in comparison to the efficacy seen only with a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide alone. It has further been found that the addition of a plant health promoting additive to a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide led to better greening in the crop as well as greater yield from the crop to which they were applied.
  • a plant health promoter such as a silicic acid based additive
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the multi-site fungicide is selected from the group consisting of dithiocarbamates, phthalimides, chloronitriles, inorganic fungicides, sulfamides, bis- guanidines, triazines, quinones, quinoxalines, dicoarboxamides and mixtures thereof.
  • the multi-site fungicide is selected from the class of dithiocarbamate fungicides selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb.
  • dithiocarbamate fungicides selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb.
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • At least one dithiocarbamate fungicide selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb; and
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • At least one dithiocarbamate fungicide selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb;
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • At least one dithiocarbamate fungicide selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb;
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • At least one dithiocarbamate fungicide selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb;
  • the multi-site fungicide is a phthalimide fungicide selected from captan, captafol and folpet.
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the multi-site fungicide is a chloronitrile fungicide such as chlorothalonil.
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • the multi-site fungicide is a sulfamide fungicide selected from dichlofluanid and tolylfluanid.
  • the multi-site fungicide is a bis-guanidine fungicide selected from guazatine and iminoctadine.
  • the multi-site fungicide is a triazine fungicide selected from anilazine. In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is a quinone fungicide selected from dithianon. In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is a quinoxaline fungicide selected from quinomethionate and chlorquinox.
  • the multi-site fungicide is a dicarboxamide fungicide selected from fluoroimide.
  • the multi-site fungicide is an inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate C 7 H 4 0 3 *Cu, cuprous oxide CU 2 0; or sulphur.
  • copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate C 7 H 4 0 3 *Cu, cuprous oxide CU 2 0; or sulphur.
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • At least one inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate C 7 H 4 0 3 *Cu, cuprous oxide CU 2 0; or sulphur; and
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • At least one inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate C 7 H 4 0 3 *Cu, cuprous oxide CU 2 0; or sulphur;
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • At least one inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate C 7 H 4 0 3 *Cu, cuprous oxide CU 2 0; or sulphur;
  • the present invention provides a combination comprising:
  • At least one inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate cuprous oxide CU2O; or sulphur;
  • the plant health promoting additive according to the present invention is a silicic acid based additive selected from those having the general formula:
  • n varies from 6 to 200.
  • x is 1.5 and n is 20.
  • x is 1.5 and n is 8, or 6, or 10, or greater than 16. In an embodiment, x is 1.5 and n is greater than 20. In an embodiment, x is 1.5 and n is 36.
  • Such silicic acids may be selected from metasilicic acid (H 2 Si0 3 ), orthosilicic acid (H4S1O4), disilicic acid (H2S12O5), and pyrosilicic acid (H6S12O7); preferably orthosilicic acid, more specifically stabilised orthosilicic acid.
  • systemic fungicides are not particularly limiting. Such systemic fungicides may be selected from the systemic fungicides which are used along with the multisite contact fungicides, which forms a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • systemic fungicides of the present invention may be a combination of two or more systemic fungicides.
  • systemic fungicides described hereinbelow may be used in the combinations of the present invention either solo, or as a combination of two or more of the following systemic fungicides.
  • systemic fungicide is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide.
  • the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is selected from pyrazole carboxamide class of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides.
  • succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors are not understood to be limited to these pyrazole carboxamide fungicides alone.
  • the pyrazole carboxamide class of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide may be selected from benzovindiflupyr, bixafen, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, isopyrazam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, 3-difluoromethyl-N- (7- fluoro-1 , 1 , 3-trimethyl-4- indanyl)-l-methyl-4- pyrazolecarboxamide and sedaxane.
  • the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide may be selected from the group consisting of benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil, isofetamid, fluopyram, fenfuram, carboxin, oxycarboxin, thifluzamide, pydiflumetofen; isofetamid and boscalid.
  • systemic fungicides of the present invention may be selected from nucleic acids synthesis inhibitors, cytoskeleton and motor protein inhibitors, amino acids and protein synthesis inhibitors, respiration process inhibitors, signal transduction inhibitors, lipid synthesis and membrane integrity distruptors, sterol biosynthesis inhibitors, melanin synthesis inhibitors, cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors, host plant defence inductors and/or fungicides with unknown modes of action.
  • the systemic fungicides may be a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from acylalanines such as benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M (kiralaxyl), furalaxyl, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam), oxazolidinones such as oxadixyl, butyrolactones such as ofurace, hydroxy-(2-amino-) pyrimidines such as bupirimate, dimethirimol, ethirimol, isoxazoles such as hymexazole, isothiazolones such as octhilinone, carboxylic acids such as oxolinic acid.
  • acylalanines such as benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M (kiralaxyl), furalaxyl, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam),
  • the systemic fungicides may be a cytoskeleton and motor protein inhibitor selected from benzimidazoles such as benomyl, carbendazim, fuberidazole, thiabendazole; thiophanates such as thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl; N-phenyl carbamates such as diethofencarb; toluamides such as zoxamide; thiazole carboxamides such as ethaboxam; phenylureas such as pencycuron, benzamides such as fluopicolide; cyanoacrylates such as phenamacril.
  • benzimidazoles such as benomyl, carbendazim, fuberidazole, thiabendazole
  • thiophanates such as thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl
  • N-phenyl carbamates such as diethofencarb
  • toluamides such as zoxamide
  • the systemic fungicides may be a respiration process inhibitor fungicide selected from pyrimidinamines such diflumetorim; pyrazole-5-carboxamides such as tolfenpyrad, strobilurins such as azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, mandestrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb, kresoxim-methyl, dimoxystrobin, fenaminostrobin, metominostrobin, trifloxystrobin, famoxadone, fluoxastrobin, fenamidone, pyribencarb and mixtures thereof; oxazolidine-diones such as famoxadone; Imidazolinones such as fenamidone; benzyl-carbamates such as py
  • systemic fungicides may be an amino acids and protein synthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from anilino-pyrimidines such as cyprodinil, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, antibiotic fungicides such as blasticidin-S, kasugamycin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline and the like.
  • anilino-pyrimidines such as cyprodinil, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil
  • antibiotic fungicides such as blasticidin-S, kasugamycin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline and the like.
  • systemic fungicides may be a signal transduction inhibitor fungicide selected from aryloxyquinolines such as quinoxyfen; quinazolinones such as proquinazid; phenylpyrroles such as fenpiclonil, fludioxonil; dicarboximides such as chlozolinate dimethachlone, iprodione, procymidone and vinclozolin.
  • aryloxyquinolines such as quinoxyfen
  • quinazolinones such as proquinazid
  • phenylpyrroles such as fenpiclonil, fludioxonil
  • dicarboximides such as chlozolinate dimethachlone, iprodione, procymidone and vinclozolin.
  • the systemic fungicides may be a lipid synthesis and membrane integrity distruptor such as phosphoro-thiolates such as edifenphos, Iprobenfos, pyrazophos; dithiolanes such as isoprothiolane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as biphenyl, chloroneb, dicloran, quintozene (PCNB), tecnazene (TCNB), tolclofos-methyl and the like; 1 ,2,4-thiadiazoles such as etridiazole; carbamates such as iodocarb, propamocarb, prothiocarb and the like.
  • phosphoro-thiolates such as edifenphos, Iprobenfos, pyrazophos
  • dithiolanes such as isoprothiolane
  • aromatic hydrocarbons such as biphenyl, chloroneb, dicloran, quintozene (PCNB), tecnazene (TC
  • the systemic fungicides may be a sterol biosynthesis inhibitor selected from triazoles such as azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, Ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, Propiconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, prothioconazole, piperazines such as triforine; pyridines such as pyrifenox, pyrisoxazole; pyrimidines such as fenarimol, nuarimol imi
  • systemic fungicides may be a cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from peptidyl pyrimidine nucleoside fungicides such as polyoxin, cinnamic acid amides such as dimethomorph, flumorph, pyrimorph; valinamide carbamates such as benthiavalicarb, iprovalicarb, valifenalate; mandelic acid amides such as mandipropamid and mixtures thereof.
  • peptidyl pyrimidine nucleoside fungicides such as polyoxin, cinnamic acid amides such as dimethomorph, flumorph, pyrimorph; valinamide carbamates such as benthiavalicarb, iprovalicarb, valifenalate; mandelic acid amides such as mandipropamid and mixtures thereof.
  • systemic fungicides may be a melanin synthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from isobenzo-furanone such as fthalide; pyrrolo-quinolinones such as pyroquilon; triazolobenzo-thiazoles such as tricyclazole; cyclopropane-carboxamides such as carpropamid; carboxamides such as diclocymet; propionamides such as fenoxanil; trifluoroethyl-carbamates such as tolprocarb; and mixtures thereof.
  • isobenzo-furanone such as fthalide
  • pyrrolo-quinolinones such as pyroquilon
  • triazolobenzo-thiazoles such as tricyclazole
  • cyclopropane-carboxamides such as carpropamid
  • carboxamides such as diclocymet
  • propionamides such as fenoxanil
  • trifluoroethyl-carbamates
  • systemic fungicides may be a host plant defence inductors fungicide selected from benzo-thiadiazoles such as acibenzolar-S-methyl; benzisothiazoles such as probenazole; thiadiazole-carboxamides such as tiadinil, isotianil; polysaccharides such as laminarin; and mixtures thereof.
  • benzo-thiadiazoles such as acibenzolar-S-methyl
  • benzisothiazoles such as probenazole
  • thiadiazole-carboxamides such as tiadinil, isotianil
  • polysaccharides such as laminarin; and mixtures thereof.
  • systemic fungicides may be an additional third or fourth fungicide selected from cyanoacetamide-oximes such as cymoxanil; ethyl phosphonates such as foestyl -Al, phophorous acid and salts; phthalamic acids such as teclofthalam; benzotriazines such as triazoxide; benzene-sulphonamides such as flusulfamide; pyridazinones such as diclomezine; thiocarbamates such as methasulfocarb; phenyl- acetamides such as cyflufenamid; aryl-phenyl-ketones such as metrafenone, pyriofenone; guanidines such as dodine; cyano-methylene-thiazolidines such as flutianil; pyrimidinone- hydrazones such as ferimzone; piperidinyl-thiazole-isox
  • the preferred multi-site fungicide may be selected from mancozeb, folpet, copper salt e.g. tribasic copper sulfate (TBCS), chlorothalonil, and sulphur.
  • copper salt e.g. tribasic copper sulfate (TBCS), chlorothalonil, and sulphur.
  • the preferred systemic fungicides may be a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide selected from isopyrazam, benzovindyflupyr, benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil, isofetamid, fluopyram, fenfuram, carboxin, oxycarboxin, thifluzamide, boscalid and IR9792.
  • the third and/or fourth fungicides in the combinations of the present invention may be selected from ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors, and/or Quinone outside (Qo) inhibitors or mixtures thereof.
  • the systemic fungicides may be an ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors selected from the group consisting of azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, Ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, Propiconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, prothioconazole, imazalil, oxpoconazole, pefurazoate, prochloraz, triflumizole, fenarimol, nuarimol, pyrife
  • the ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors may be selected from prothioconazole, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, cyroconazole or epoxiconazole.
  • the systemic fungicides may be a Quinone outside (Qo) inhibitor fungicide selected from azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, mandestrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb, kresoxim-methyl, dimoxystrobin, fenaminostrobin, metominostrobin, trifloxystrobin, famoxadone, fluoxastrobin, fenamidone, pyribencarb and mixtures thereof.
  • Qo Quinone outside
  • the Quinone outside (Qo) inhibitor fungicide may be selected from azoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin.
  • the preferred succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide is isopyrazam.
  • the combinations of the present invention include the following preferred combinations.
  • the term "Fungicide A” means at least one, and preferably individually each one of the fungicides selected from mancozeb (A1), folpet (A2), copper salt e.g. tribasic copper sulfate (TBCS (A3)), chlorothalonil (A4), or sulphur (A5) as being specifically combined herein with the remaining fungicides.
  • the term "Fungicide B” means at least one, and preferably individually each one of the fungicides selected from isopyrazam (B1), benzovindiflupyr (B2), penthiopyrad (B3), boscalid (B4), IR9792 (fluindapyr (B5)), bixafen (B6), fluxapyroxad (B7), furametpyr (B8), penflufen (B9), 3-difluoromethyl-N- (7- fluoro-1 , 1 , 3-trimethyl-4-indanyl)-l-methyl-4- pyrazolecarboxamide (B10), sedaxane (B1 1 ), benodanil (B12), flutolanil (B13), mepronil (B14), isofetamid (B15), fluopyram (B16), fenfuram (B17), carboxin (B18), oxycarboxin (B19), thifluzamide
  • the term "Fungicide C” means at least one, and preferably individually each one of the fungicides selected from cyproconazole (C1 ), difenoconazole (C2), epoxiconazole (C3), hexaconazole (C4), tebuconazole (C5), tetraconazole (C6), prothioconazole (C7), metalaxyl (C8), metalaxyl-M (C9), benomyl (C10), carbendazim (C1 1), thiophanate-methyl (C12), zoxamide (C13), fluopicolide (C14), phenamacril (C15), cyazofamid (C16), amisulbrom (C17), tricyclazole (C18), oxathiapiprolin (C19), and picarbutrazox (C20).
  • cyproconazole C1
  • difenoconazole C
  • the term "Fungicide D” means at least one, and preferably individually each one of the fungicides selected from azoxystrobin (D1 ), picoxystrobin (D2), pyraclostrobin (D3), kresoxim-methyl (D4), trfloxystrobin (D5), cyproconazole (D6), difenoconazole (D7), hexaconazole (D8), epoxiconazole (D9), tebuconazole (D10), tetraconazole (D1 1), prothioconazole (D12), benomyl (D13), carbendazim (D14), thiphanate-methyl (D15), zoxamide (D16), fluopicolide (D17), phenamacril (D18), cyazofamid (D19), amisulbrom (D20), tricyclazole (D21), oxathiapi
  • the present invention provides a fungicidal combination comprising:
  • the present invention provides a fungicidal composition comprising:
  • compositions of the present invention comprise a plant health promoting agent, and a fungicidal combination appearing in each row individually in the below table: Table 1 :
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tebuconazole Picoxystrobin
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tebuconazole Pyraclostrobin
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tebuconazole Kresoxim- methyl
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tebuconazole Trifloxystrobin
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tetraconazole Picoxystrobin
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tetraconazole Trifloxystrobin
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Cyazofamid
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Difenoconazole methyl
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Hexaconazole methyl
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Picarbutrazox methyl
  • Fungicide B Fungicide B Zoxamide Cyproconazole
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Cyazofamid
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Thiophanate methyl
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Picarbutrazox
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Cyproconazole
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Epoxiconazole
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Hexaconazole
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Tebuconazole
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Pyraclostrobin
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Carbendazim
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Cyazofamid
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Picarbutrazox
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Cyproconazole
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Difenoconazole
  • Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Epoxiconazole 302 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Hexaconazole
  • the exemplary combinations according to the present invention may be selected from the following combinations.
  • the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1) and the preferred fungicide B is isopyrazam (B1).
  • the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1) and the preferred fungicide B is benzovindiflupyr (B2).
  • the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1 ), and the preferred fungicide B is penthiopyrad (B3).
  • the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1) and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B4).
  • the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1) and the preferred fungicide B is fluindapyr (B5).
  • the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2).
  • the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2) and the preferred fungicide B is isopyrazam (B1).
  • the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2) and the preferred fungicide B is benzovindiflupyr (B2).
  • the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2)
  • the preferred fungicide B is penthiopyrad (B3).
  • the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2) and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B4).
  • the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2) and the preferred fungicide B is fluindapyr (B5).
  • the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2), and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B23).
  • the preferred fungicide A is tribasic copper sulfate (A3).
  • the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3) and the preferred fungicide B is isopyrazam (B1).
  • the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3) and the preferred fungicide B is benzovindiflupyr (B2).
  • the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3), and the preferred fungicide B is penthiopyrad (B3).
  • the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3) and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B4).
  • the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3) and the preferred fungicide B is fluindapyr (B5).
  • the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3)
  • the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B23).
  • the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4).
  • the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4) and the preferred fungicide B is isopyrazam (B1 ).
  • the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4) and the preferred fungicide B is benzovindiflupyr (B2).
  • the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4)
  • the preferred fungicide B is penthiopyrad (B3).
  • the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4) and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B4).
  • the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4) and the preferred fungicide B is fluindapyr (B5).
  • the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4), and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B23).
  • the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5). In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5) and the preferred fungicide B is isopyrazam (B1).
  • the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5) and the preferred fungicide B is benzovindiflupyr (B2).
  • the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5)
  • the preferred fungicide B is penthiopyrad (B3).
  • the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5) and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B4).
  • the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5) and the preferred fungicide B is fluindapyr (B5).
  • the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5), and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B23).
  • the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1) or folpet (A2) or tribasic copper sulfate (A3) or chlorothalonil (A4) or sulphur (A5), and the preferred fungicide B is bixafen (B6).
  • compositions comprising:
  • the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide, the multi-site fungicide and the other third and optional fourth fungicides may be selected according to any one of the preferred embodiments described hereinabove.
  • the present invention may provide a composition comprising:
  • the agrochemical active may be selected from herbicides, insecticides, miticides, acaricide, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, biocides and the like.
  • the amount of a composition according to the invention to be applied will depend on various factors, such as the subject of the treatment, such as, for example plants, soil or seeds; the type of treatment, such as, for example spraying, dusting or seed dressing; the purpose of the treatment, such as, for example prophylactic or therapeutic disease control; in case of disease control the type of fungi to be controlled or the application time.
  • This amount of the combinations of the present invention to be applied can be readily deduced by a skilled agronomist.
  • compositions comprising:
  • pyrazaole carboxamide selected from benzovindiflupyr, bixafen, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, isopyrazam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, and sedaxane;
  • said fungicides being combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.
  • the total amount of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor in the composition may typically be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 90% by weight.
  • the total amount of dithiocarbamate fungicide in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight.
  • the total amount of ergostrol biosynthesis inhibitor in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight.
  • the total amount of Quinone outside inhibitor in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight.
  • the constituent fungicides of the combination of the present invention may be admixed in ratio of (1-80): (1 -80): (1 -80) of the dithiocarbamate fungicide, succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide and the third fungicide respectively.
  • the constituents of the composition of the present invention may be tank mixed and sprayed at the locus of the infection, or may be alternatively be mixed with surfactants and then sprayed.
  • the constituents of the composition of the present invention may be used for foliar application, ground or applications to plant propagation materials.
  • compositions of the present invention may typically be produce by mixing the actives in the composition with an inert carrier, and adding surfactants and other adjuvants and carriers as needed and formulated into solid, or liquid formulations, including but not limited to wettable powders, granules, dusts, Soluble (liquid) concentrates, suspension concentrates, oil in water emulsion, water in oil emulsion, emulsifiable concentrates, capsule suspensions, ZC formulations, oil dispersions or other known formulation types.
  • the composition may also be used for treatment of a plant propagation material such as seeds etc.
  • solid carrier used in formulation examples include fine powders or granules such as minerals such as kaolin clay, attapulgite clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, acid white clay, pyrophyllite, talc, diatomaceous earth and calcite; natural organic materials such as corn rachis powder and walnut husk powder; synthetic organic materials such as urea; salts such as calcium carbonate and ammonium sulfate; synthetic inorganic materials such as synthetic hydrated silicon oxide; and as a liquid carrier, aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, alkylbenzene and methylnaphthalene; alcohols such as 2-propanol, ethyleneglycol, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether; ketones such as acetone, cyclohexanone and isophorone; vegetable oil such as soybean oil and cotton seed oil; petroleum aliphatic hydrocarbons, esters, dimethylsulfoxide, acetonitrile and water.
  • surfactant examples include anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfate ester salts, alkylaryl sulfonate salts, dialkyl sulfosuccinate salts, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether phosphate ester salts, lignosulfonate salts and naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde polycondensates; and nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylpolyoxypropylene block copolymers and sorbitan fatty acid esters and cationic surfactants such as alkyltrimethylammonium salts.
  • anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfate ester salts, alkylaryl sulfonate salts, dialkyl sulfosuccinate salts, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether phosphate ester salts, lignosulfonate salts and naphthalene
  • the other formulation auxiliary agents include water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, polysaccharides such as Arabic gum, alginic acid and the salt thereof, CMC (carboxymethyl- cellulose) , Xanthan gum, inorganic materials such as aluminum magnesium silicate and alumina sol, preservatives, coloring agents and stabilization agents such as PAP (acid phosphate isopropyl) and BHT.
  • water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • polysaccharides such as Arabic gum, alginic acid and the salt thereof
  • CMC carboxymethyl- cellulose
  • Xanthan gum inorganic materials
  • preservatives such as aluminum magnesium silicate and alumina sol
  • coloring agents and stabilization agents such as PAP (acid phosphate isopropyl) and BHT.
  • compositions according to the present invention is effective for the following plant diseases: Disease in rice: Blast (Magnaporthe grisea), Helminthosporium leaf spot (Cochliobolus miyabeanus), sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) , and bakanae disease (Gibberella fujikuroi).
  • smut Ustilago maydis
  • brown spot Cochliobolus heterostrophus
  • copper spot Gloeocercospora sorghi
  • southern rust Puccinia polysora
  • gray leaf spot Cercospora zeae-maydis
  • white spot Phaeosphaeria mydis and/or Pantoea ananatis
  • Rhizoctonia damping-off Rhizoctonia solani
  • scab (Venturia nashicola, V. pirina), powdery mildew, black spot (Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype), rust (Gymnosporangium haraeanum) , and phytophthora fruit rot (Phytophtora cactorum).
  • brown rot (Monilinia fructicola), powdery mildew, scab (Cladosporium carpophilum) , and phomopsis rot (Phomopsis sp.) .
  • anthracnose (Elsinoe ampelina), ripe rot (Glomerella cingulata) , powdery mildew (Uncinula necator) , rust (Phakopsora ampelopsidis) , black rot (Guignardia bidwellii) , botrytis, and downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) .
  • anthracnose Cold-totrichum lagenarium
  • powdery mildew Sphaerotheca fuliginea
  • gummy stem blight Mycosphaerella melonis
  • Fusarium wilt Fusarium oxysporum
  • downy mildew Pseudoperonospora cubensis
  • Phytophthora rot Phytophthora sp.
  • damping-off Pythium sp
  • kidney bean anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemthianum).
  • Diseases of peanut leaf spot (Cercospora personata), brown leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola) and southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii).
  • brown spot (Alternaria longipes), powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum), anthracnose (Colletotrichum tabacum), downy mildew (Peronospora tabacina), and black shank (Phytophthora nicotianae).
  • Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora beticola
  • leaf blight Triggeratephorus cucumeris
  • Root rot Trigger rot
  • Aphanomyces root rot Aphanomyces cochlioides
  • compositions of the present invention can be used in agricultural lands such as fields, paddy fields, lawns and orchards or in non-agricultural lands.
  • the present invention may be used to control diseases in agricultural lands for cultivating the plants without any phytotoxicity to the plant.
  • crops on which the present compositions may be used include but are not limited to corn, rice, wheat, barley, rye, oat, sorghum, cotton, soybean, peanut, buckwheat, beet, rapeseed, sunflower, sugar cane, tobacco, etc.; vegetables: solanaceous vegetables such as eggplant, tomato, pimento, pepper, potato, etc., cucurbit vegetables such as cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, water melon, melon, squash, etc., cruciferous vegetables such as radish, white turnip, horseradish, kohlrabi, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, leaf mustard, broccoli, cauliflower, etc., asteraceous vegetables such as burdock, crown daisy, artichoke, lettuce, etc, liliaceous vegetables such as green onion, onion, garlic, and asparagus, ammiaceous vegetables such as carrot, parsley, celery, parsnip, etc., chenopodiaceous vegetables such as spinach, Swiss chard, etc., lamiaceous vegetables
  • the constituent fungicides of the combination of the present invention may be admixed in ratio of (1 -80): (1 -80): (1 -80): (1 :80)
  • the present invention may provide methods of controlling fungal diseases comprising applying a combination comprising:
  • the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide, the quinone outside inhibitor fungicide, the ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor fungicide, and the dithiocarbamate fungicide may be selected according to any of the preferred embodiments of the combinations described hereinabove.
  • kits of parts such that individual actives may be mixed before spraying.
  • the kit of parts may contain succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide and the dithiocarbamate fungicide pre-mixed and the third active may be admixed with an adjuvant such that the two components may be tank mixed before spraying.
  • composition of the present invention maybe applied simultaneously as a tank mix or a formulation or may be applied sequentially.
  • the application may be made to the soil before emergence of the plants, either pre-planting or post-planting.
  • the application may be made as a foliar spray at different timings during crop development, with either one or two applications early or late post-emergence.
  • compositions according to the invention can be applied before or after infection of the useful plants or the propagation material thereof by the fungi.
  • the combination of the present invention comprises, apart from a multisite contact fungicide and a plant growth promoting agent, at least one benzimidazole fungicide selected from selected from albendazole, benomyl, carbendazim, chlorfenazole, cypendazole, debacarb, fuberidazole, mecarbinzid, rabenzazole, and thiabendazole.
  • the benzimidazole fungicide is carbendazim.
  • the benzimidazole fungicide is benomyl.
  • the dithiocarbamate fungicides may be selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb.
  • the dithiocarbamate fungicide is selected from mancozeb.
  • the combination of the present invention may comprise at least a third fungicide or insecticide apart from the multisite fungicide.
  • the third fungicide is a combination of at least two more fungicides. In this embodiment, these fungicides are referred to herein as the third and the fourth fungicide respectively. However, the third and the fourth fungicide are preferably not the same fungicides, although they can be a combination of two fungicides from the same class of fungicides. In an embodiment, the present combinations may additionally contain other plant health promoting additives such as fertilizers, micronutrients, biological additives etc. that are known to enhance the growth and health of the plant.
  • the preferred dithiocarbamate fungicide is mancozeb and the preferred benzimidazole fungicide is carbendazim and the plant health additive is stabilised orthosilicic acid.
  • the preferred dithiocarbamate fungicide is mancozeb and the preferred strobilurin fungicide is azoxystrobin and the plant health additive is stabilised orthosilicic acid.
  • the combinations of the present invention may be formulated in the form of a composition.
  • the present invention may provide a composition comprising:
  • the present invention may provide a composition comprising:
  • the present invention may provide a composition comprising:
  • At least another health promoting additive selected from fertilizers, micronutrients, mycorrhiza, biological additives that enhance plant growth;
  • the amount of a composition according to the invention to be applied will depend on various factors, such as the subject of the treatment, such as, for example plants, soil or seeds; the type of treatment, such as, for example spraying, dusting or seed dressing; the purpose of the treatment, such as, for example prophylactic or therapeutic disease control; in case of disease control the type of fungi to be controlled or the application time.
  • This amount of the combinations of the present invention to be applied can be readily deduced by a skilled agronomist.
  • compositions comprising:
  • compositions comprising:
  • the total amount of dithiocarbamate fungicide in the composition may typically be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 90% by weight.
  • the total amount of benzimidazole fungicide in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight.
  • the total amount of silicic acid based plant heath promoting additive in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight.
  • the total amount of third fungicide/ insecticide/plant growth additive in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight.
  • the constituent of the combination of the present invention may be admixed in ratio of (1 -80): (1 -80): (1 -80) of the dithiocarbamate fungicide, benzimidazole fungicide and the silicic acid based plant health additive respectively.
  • the constituents of the composition of the present invention may be tank mixed and sprayed at the locus of the infection, or may be alternatively be mixed with surfactants and then sprayed.
  • the constituents of the composition of the present invention may be used for foliar application, ground or applications to plant propagation materials.
  • the compositions of the present invention may typically be produced by mixing the actives in the composition with an inert carrier, and adding surfactants and other adjuvants and carriers as needed and formulated into solid, or liquid formulations, including but not limited to wettable powders, granules, dusts, Soluble (liquid) concentrates, suspension concentrates, oil in water emulsion, water in oil emulsion, emulsifiable concentrates, capsule suspensions, ZC formulations, oil dispersions or other known formulation types.
  • the composition may also be used for treatment of a plant propagation material such as seeds etc.
  • the present invention may provide methods of controlling fungal pests at a locus and promoting health of the plant, said method comprising applying a combination comprising:
  • the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicide and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive may be selected according to any of the preferred embodiments of the combinations described hereinabove.
  • the present combinations may be used to promote health of the plant, said method comprising applying a combination of:
  • the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicide and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive may be selected according to any of the preferred embodiments of the combinations described hereinabove.
  • the combinations of the present invention may be sold as a pre-mix composition or a kit of parts such that individual actives may be mixed before spraying.
  • the kit of parts may contain the dithiocarbamate fungicide and the second and/orthird fungicide pre- mixed and the benzimidazole fungicide may be admixed with an adjuvant and the silicic acid based plant health additive packaged separately, such that the three components may be tank mixed before spraying.
  • the method of control of the present invention may be carried out by spraying the suggested tank mixes, or the individual fungicides may be formulated as a kit-of-parts containing various components that may be mixed as instructed prior to spraying.
  • the present invention provides a kit-of-parts comprising a plurality of components, wherein said plurality of components comprises:
  • the present invention provides a kit-of-parts comprising a plurality of components, wherein said plurality of components comprises:
  • the kit-of-parts comprises an instructions manual, said instructions manual comprising instructions directing a user to admix the components before being used.
  • the components of the present invention may be packaged such that the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicides, and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive may be packaged separately and then tank mixed before the spraying.
  • the components of the present invention may be packaged such that the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicides, and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive may be packaged separately, whereas other additives are packaged separately, such that the two maybe tank mixed at the time of spraying.
  • the components of the present invention may be packaged as composition such that the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicides, and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive are formulated into one composition and other additives are packaged separately, such that the two maybe tank mixed at the time of spraying.
  • the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicides, and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive of the present invention when applied individually, was ineffective in the control of fungi, but demonstrated excellent synergistic control on when applied together. The combination controlled the fungus both pre and post emergently.
  • the current invention therefore provides advantageous methods of controlling fungi.
  • the composition of the present invention maybe applied simultaneously as a tank mix or a formulation or may be applied sequentially.
  • the application may be made as a foliar spray at different timings during crop development, with either one or two applications early or late post-emergence.
  • the compositions according to the invention can be applied before or after infection of the useful plants or the propagation material thereof by the fungi.
  • an exemplary composition or formulation was prepared by known or recognised methods for example by homogeneously mixing and grinding the active components with extenders, e.g. solid carriers, and the like.
  • the solid carriers used are normally natural mineral filler(s) such as china clay. If required, sodium lignosulfonate and citric acid may also be added to the formulation.
  • the present invention provides a composition comprising:
  • the present invention provides a composition comprising:
  • Example 2 Another composition was prepared in a similar manner with the following ingredients: Ingredient Dose in %
  • the present invention provides a composition comprising:
  • the present invention provides a composition comprising:
  • the present invention provides a composition comprising:
  • the present invention provides a composition comprising:
  • Comparative trials of the combinations according to the present invention were carried out and compared to a test composition prepared without the silicic acid plant health promoting agent of the present invention.
  • the comparative performance of the composition of the present invention was observed for plant growth enhancement benefits as well as efficacy against leaf blast, stem borer, leaf folder and BPH.
  • Trial 1 Plant Height observation in 40 DAA-5 hills mean: Crop - paddy variety ASD16
  • A-10 10 days after first spray; B-10 : 10 days after 2 nd spray; C - 10: 10 days after 3 spray. It was thus found that none of the tested products showed any crop injury symptoms. It was found that mancozeb + OSA @ 2000 + 750 g/ha showed synergistic effect against early blight with 79.82% disease control and 39.93 tons/ha yield.

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Abstract

A combination comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent, and a composition comprising the same.

Description

NOVEL AGROCHEMICAL COMBINATIONS
Technical field:
The present invention relates to synergistic combinations comprising fungicides and plant health promoting agents. The said combination is highly suitable for controlling unwanted phytopathogenic fungi.
Background of the invention:
Fungicides are an integral and important tool yielded by farmers to control diseases, as well as to improve yields and quality of the crops. There are various fungicides that have been developed over the years with many desirable attributes such as specificity, systemicity, curative and eradicant action and high activity at low use rates.
Benzimidazole fungicides are known in the art as broad spectrum fungicides. These fungicides prevent nuclear cell division, making them potent fungicides. Their broad spectrum use make them an ideal tool to manage various fungal diseases.
Multi-site fungicides are known in the art as broad spectrum fungicides. Dithiocarbamate are known in the art as multi-site fungicides. These fungicides are used for broad-spectrum disease control in more than 70 crops. Mancozeb is especially important for controlling devastating and fast spreading diseases such as Phytophthora infestans, Venturia inaequalis etc. Dithiocarbamate fungicides, especially mancozeb, are particularly useful for disease control because of their broad spectrum of activity, high tolerance by crop plants, and general usefulness for controlling fungal plant diseases not controlled by active compounds that act on only a single target site in the fungus.
Various plant health promoting agents are known in the art including fertilizers, biologicals as well as plant additives that can promote growth as well as improve yield of the plant. The element silica is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust. There are various studies that have been conducted that prove the importance of silica in the growth of plants. Studies have also demonstrated that silica is taken up in the same amount as any other known micronutrient (Role of Orthosilicic Acid (OSA) Based Formulation in Improving Plant Growth and Development, Jain et.al, Silicon (2016)). There are many silica based fertilizers and plant growth promoters known in the art. However, none have been mixed with combination of fungicides and insecticides.
The combination of mancozeb and carbendazim is known in the art. CN103081932A teaches a WP formulation of the combination. This combination however, does not help in improving the health of the plant, whist synergising the combination of mancozeb and carbendazim beyond what is already known.
IN250155 teaches a combination of mancozeb and carbendazim when mixed with urea enhances bioefficacy of the combination. However, the addition of urea does not satisfactorily improve the performance of the combination, nor helps in improve disease resistance.
There is therefore a need in the art for combinations of fungicides and plant health promoters that help improve spectrum as well as promote greater plant health and improve yield. With crop tolerances decreasing, lower use rates being imposed and resistance being increasingly observed, there is a need for a combination of actives that allows for broader disease control spectrum and improved plant health that combines curative and preventive actives and has a lower dosage.
Therefore, embodiments of the present invention may ameliorate one or more of the above mentioned problems:
Objects of the invention:
Therefore, embodiments of the present invention may provide combinations of fungicides and plant health promoters that possess an enhanced efficacy over the individual active compound used in isolation. Another object of the present invention is to provide combinations of fungicides and plant health promoters that causes an enhanced greening of the crops to which it is administered. Another object of the present invention is to provide a combination that when applied to the locus of a plant results in increased yield of the crop.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a combination that results into reduced fungal disease incidence in the crops to which it is applied.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a combination that achieves increased yield in the crops to which it is applied. Another object of the present invention is to provide a combination that causes an enhanced fungicidal activity.
Some or all these and other objects of the invention are can be achieved by way of the invention described hereinafter.
Summary of the invention:
Thus, an aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent.
Thus, an aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide; at least another fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent. Thus, an aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide; at least one strobilurin fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent.
Thus, an aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide; at least one benzimidazole fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent.
Another aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide; at least one benzimidazole fungicide selected from albendazole, benomyl, carbendazim, chlorfenazole, cypendazole, debacarb, fuberidazole, mecarbinzid, rabenzazole, thiabendazole; and at least one plant health promoting agent.
Detailed Description:
The term 'disease control' as used herein denotes control and prevention of a disease. Controlling effects include all deviation from natural development, for example: killing, retardation, decrease of the fugal disease. The term 'plants' refers to all physical parts of a plant, including seeds, seedlings, saplings, roots, tubers, stems, stalks, foliage and fruits. The term "locus" of a plant as used herein is intended to embrace the place on which the plants are growing, where the plant propagation materials of the plants are sown or where the plant propagation materials of the plants will be placed into the soil. The term "plant propagation material" is understood to denote generative parts of a plant, such as seeds, vegetative material such as cuttings or tubers, roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes and parts of plants, germinated plants and young plants which are to be transplanted after germination or after emergence from the soil. These young plants may be protected before transplantation by a total or partial treatment by immersion. The term "agriculturally acceptable amount of active" refers to an amount of an active that kills or inhibits the plant disease for which control is desired, in an amount not significantly toxic to the plant being treated.
Surprisingly, the fungicidal activity and/or the plant-invigorating activity and/or the yield- enhancing activity of the multisite contact fungicides according to the invention was found to be significantly higher in the presence of a plant health promoting agent.
It has surprisingly been found that the addition of a plant health promoting additive to a multisite contact fungicide synergistically enhances the efficacy of the fungicide.
Therefore, in an embodiment, the fungicidal activity of the multisite contact fungicide in the presence of a plant health promoting agent of the present invention was surprisingly higher than in the absence of the plant health promoting agent.
In an embodiment, it has further been surprisingly been found that the addition of a plant health promoting additive to a multisite contact fungicide resulted in surprising and unexpected advantages. It was surprising that the addition of a plant health promoter such as a silicic acid based additive when combined with a multisite contact fungicide resulted in an enhancement of the efficacy, and a surprising reduction in fungal disease incidence in comparison to the efficacy seen only with the multisite contact fungicide alone. It has further been found that the addition of a plant health promoting additive to a multisite contact fungicide led to better greening in the crop as well as greater yield from the crop to which they were applied.
These surprising advantages of the combinations of the invention were not observed when the health promoting additive was not added to the multisite contact fungicide. Therefore, these unexpected advantages of the combination of the present invention could be attributed to the inclusion of a plant health promoting additive, to a multisite contact fungicide.
Thus, an aspect of the present invention can provide a combination comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent.
Another aspect of the present invention can provide a composition comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide; at least one plant health promoting agent; and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
In an embodiment, the plant health promoting agent may be added to a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide.
Surprisingly, the fungicidal activity and/or the plant-invigorating activity and/or the yield- enhancing activity of the active compound combinations according to the invention was found to be significantly higher than the sum of the activities of the individual active compounds.
It has surprisingly been found that the addition of a plant health promoting additive to a fungicidal combination synergistically enhances the efficacy of the combination.
Therefore, in an embodiment, the fungicidal activity of a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide in the presence of a plant health promoting agent of the present invention was surprisingly higher than in the absence of the plant health promoting agent.
In an embodiment, it has further been surprisingly been found that the addition of a plant health promoting additive to a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide resulted in surprising and unexpected advantages. It was surprising that the addition of a plant health promoter such as a silicic acid based additive when combined with a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide resulted in an enhancement of the efficacy, and a surprising reduction in fungal disease incidence in comparison to the efficacy seen only with a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide alone. It has further been found that the addition of a plant health promoting additive to a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide led to better greening in the crop as well as greater yield from the crop to which they were applied.
These surprising advantages of the combinations of the invention were not observed when the health promoting additive was not added to the combination. Therefore, these unexpected advantages of the combination of the present invention could be attributed to the inclusion of a plant health promoting additive, to a combination of a multisite contact fungicide with at least another systemic fungicide.
Thus, in an aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one multisite contact fungicide; and
(b) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one multisite contact fungicide;
(b) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and
(c) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
Thus, in an aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one multisite contact fungicide;
(b) at least one systemic fungicide; and
(c) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one multisite contact fungicide;
(b) at least one systemic fungicide;
(c) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and
(d) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is selected from the group consisting of dithiocarbamates, phthalimides, chloronitriles, inorganic fungicides, sulfamides, bis- guanidines, triazines, quinones, quinoxalines, dicoarboxamides and mixtures thereof. In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is selected from the class of dithiocarbamate fungicides selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb.
Thus, in an aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb; and
(b) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb;
(b) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and
(c) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
Thus, in an aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb;
(b) at least one systemic fungicide; and (c) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb;
(b) at least one systemic fungicide;
(c) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and
(d) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is a phthalimide fungicide selected from captan, captafol and folpet.
Thus, in an aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one phthalimide fungicide selected from captan, captafol and folpet; and
(b) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least phthalimide fungicide selected from captan, captafol and folpet;
(b) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and
(c) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
Thus, in an aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one phthalimide fungicide selected from captan, captafol and folpet;
(b) at least one systemic fungicide; and
(c) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least phthalimide fungicide selected from captan, captafol and folpet;
(b) at least one systemic fungicide;
(c) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and
(d) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is a chloronitrile fungicide such as chlorothalonil.
Thus, in an aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) chlorothlonil;
(b) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) chlorothalonil;
(b) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and
(c) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
Thus, in an aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) chlorothlonil;
(b) at least one systemic fungicide; and
(c) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) chlorothalonil;
(b) at least one systemic fungicide;
(c) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and
(d) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is a sulfamide fungicide selected from dichlofluanid and tolylfluanid.
In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is a bis-guanidine fungicide selected from guazatine and iminoctadine.
In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is a triazine fungicide selected from anilazine. In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is a quinone fungicide selected from dithianon. In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is a quinoxaline fungicide selected from quinomethionate and chlorquinox.
In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is a dicarboxamide fungicide selected from fluoroimide.
In an embodiment, the multi-site fungicide is an inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate C7H403*Cu, cuprous oxide CU20; or sulphur.
Thus, in an aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate C7H403*Cu, cuprous oxide CU20; or sulphur; and
(b) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate C7H403*Cu, cuprous oxide CU20; or sulphur;
(b) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and
(c) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
Thus, in an aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate C7H403*Cu, cuprous oxide CU20; or sulphur;
(b) at least one systemic fungicide; and
(c) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive. In another aspect, the present invention provides a combination comprising:
(a) at least one inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate
Figure imgf000012_0001
cuprous oxide CU2O; or sulphur;
(b) at least one systemic fungicide;
(c) at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and
(d) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. In an embodiment, the plant health promoting additive according to the present invention is a silicic acid based additive selected from those having the general formula:
Figure imgf000012_0002
In an embodiment, n varies from 6 to 200.
In an embodiment, x is 1.5 and n is 20.
In an embodiment, x is 1.5 and n is 8, or 6, or 10, or greater than 16. In an embodiment, x is 1.5 and n is greater than 20. In an embodiment, x is 1.5 and n is 36.
Such silicic acids may be selected from metasilicic acid (H2Si03), orthosilicic acid (H4S1O4), disilicic acid (H2S12O5), and pyrosilicic acid (H6S12O7); preferably orthosilicic acid, more specifically stabilised orthosilicic acid.
In an embodiment, the selection of the systemic fungicides according to the invention is not particularly limiting. Such systemic fungicides may be selected from the systemic fungicides which are used along with the multisite contact fungicides, which forms a preferred embodiment of the invention.
In an embodiment, the systemic fungicides of the present invention may be a combination of two or more systemic fungicides. Thus, the following systemic fungicides described hereinbelow may be used in the combinations of the present invention either solo, or as a combination of two or more of the following systemic fungicides.
In an embodiment, the systemic fungicide is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide.
In an embodiment, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is selected from pyrazole carboxamide class of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides. However, it should be understood that the choice of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors is not understood to be limited to these pyrazole carboxamide fungicides alone.
In an embodiment, the pyrazole carboxamide class of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide may be selected from benzovindiflupyr, bixafen, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, isopyrazam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, 3-difluoromethyl-N- (7- fluoro-1 , 1 , 3-trimethyl-4- indanyl)-l-methyl-4- pyrazolecarboxamide and sedaxane.
In an embodiment, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide may be selected from the group consisting of benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil, isofetamid, fluopyram, fenfuram, carboxin, oxycarboxin, thifluzamide, pydiflumetofen; isofetamid and boscalid.
In an embodiment, the systemic fungicides of the present invention may be selected from nucleic acids synthesis inhibitors, cytoskeleton and motor protein inhibitors, amino acids and protein synthesis inhibitors, respiration process inhibitors, signal transduction inhibitors, lipid synthesis and membrane integrity distruptors, sterol biosynthesis inhibitors, melanin synthesis inhibitors, cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors, host plant defence inductors and/or fungicides with unknown modes of action.
Thus, in an embodiment, the systemic fungicides may be a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from acylalanines such as benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M (kiralaxyl), furalaxyl, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam), oxazolidinones such as oxadixyl, butyrolactones such as ofurace, hydroxy-(2-amino-) pyrimidines such as bupirimate, dimethirimol, ethirimol, isoxazoles such as hymexazole, isothiazolones such as octhilinone, carboxylic acids such as oxolinic acid. In an embodiment, the systemic fungicides may be a cytoskeleton and motor protein inhibitor selected from benzimidazoles such as benomyl, carbendazim, fuberidazole, thiabendazole; thiophanates such as thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl; N-phenyl carbamates such as diethofencarb; toluamides such as zoxamide; thiazole carboxamides such as ethaboxam; phenylureas such as pencycuron, benzamides such as fluopicolide; cyanoacrylates such as phenamacril.
In an embodiment, the systemic fungicides may be a respiration process inhibitor fungicide selected from pyrimidinamines such diflumetorim; pyrazole-5-carboxamides such as tolfenpyrad, strobilurins such as azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, mandestrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb, kresoxim-methyl, dimoxystrobin, fenaminostrobin, metominostrobin, trifloxystrobin, famoxadone, fluoxastrobin, fenamidone, pyribencarb and mixtures thereof; oxazolidine-diones such as famoxadone; Imidazolinones such as fenamidone; benzyl-carbamates such as pyribencarb; N-methoxy-(phenyl-ethyl)-pyrazole- carboxamides such as Pyrimidinamines such as diflumetorim; cyano-imidazole such as cyazofamid; sulfamoyl-triazole such as amisulbrom; dinitrophenyl crotonates such as binapacryl, meptyldinocap, dinocap; 2,6-dinitro-anilines such as fluazinam; pyr.- hydrazones such as ferimzone; tri-phenyl tin compounds such as fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide; thiophene-carboxamides such as silthiofam; triazolo- pyrimidylamine such as ametoctradin.
In an embodiment, systemic fungicides may be an amino acids and protein synthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from anilino-pyrimidines such as cyprodinil, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, antibiotic fungicides such as blasticidin-S, kasugamycin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline and the like.
In an embodiment, systemic fungicides may be a signal transduction inhibitor fungicide selected from aryloxyquinolines such as quinoxyfen; quinazolinones such as proquinazid; phenylpyrroles such as fenpiclonil, fludioxonil; dicarboximides such as chlozolinate dimethachlone, iprodione, procymidone and vinclozolin.
In an embodiment, the systemic fungicides may be a lipid synthesis and membrane integrity distruptor such as phosphoro-thiolates such as edifenphos, Iprobenfos, pyrazophos; dithiolanes such as isoprothiolane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as biphenyl, chloroneb, dicloran, quintozene (PCNB), tecnazene (TCNB), tolclofos-methyl and the like; 1 ,2,4-thiadiazoles such as etridiazole; carbamates such as iodocarb, propamocarb, prothiocarb and the like.
Thus in an embodiment, the systemic fungicides may be a sterol biosynthesis inhibitor selected from triazoles such as azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, Ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, Propiconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, prothioconazole, piperazines such as triforine; pyridines such as pyrifenox, pyrisoxazole; pyrimidines such as fenarimol, nuarimol imidazoles such as imazalil, oxpoconazole, pefurazoate, prochloraz, triflumizole; morpholines such as aldimorph, dodemorph, fenpropimorph, tridemorph and the like; piperidines such as fenpropidin, piperalin; spiroketal-amines such as spiroxamine; hydroxyanilides such as fenhexamid; amino-pyrazolinones such as fenpyrazamine; thiocarbamates such as pyributicarb; allylamines such as naftifine, terbinafine and mixtrues thereof. In an embodiment, systemic fungicides may be a cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from peptidyl pyrimidine nucleoside fungicides such as polyoxin, cinnamic acid amides such as dimethomorph, flumorph, pyrimorph; valinamide carbamates such as benthiavalicarb, iprovalicarb, valifenalate; mandelic acid amides such as mandipropamid and mixtures thereof.
In an embodiment, systemic fungicides may be a melanin synthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from isobenzo-furanone such as fthalide; pyrrolo-quinolinones such as pyroquilon; triazolobenzo-thiazoles such as tricyclazole; cyclopropane-carboxamides such as carpropamid; carboxamides such as diclocymet; propionamides such as fenoxanil; trifluoroethyl-carbamates such as tolprocarb; and mixtures thereof.
In an embodiment, systemic fungicides may be a host plant defence inductors fungicide selected from benzo-thiadiazoles such as acibenzolar-S-methyl; benzisothiazoles such as probenazole; thiadiazole-carboxamides such as tiadinil, isotianil; polysaccharides such as laminarin; and mixtures thereof.
In an embodiment, systemic fungicides may be an additional third or fourth fungicide selected from cyanoacetamide-oximes such as cymoxanil; ethyl phosphonates such as foestyl -Al, phophorous acid and salts; phthalamic acids such as teclofthalam; benzotriazines such as triazoxide; benzene-sulphonamides such as flusulfamide; pyridazinones such as diclomezine; thiocarbamates such as methasulfocarb; phenyl- acetamides such as cyflufenamid; aryl-phenyl-ketones such as metrafenone, pyriofenone; guanidines such as dodine; cyano-methylene-thiazolidines such as flutianil; pyrimidinone- hydrazones such as ferimzone; piperidinyl-thiazole-isoxazolines such as oxathiapiprolin; 4-quinolyl-acetates such as tebufloquin; tetrazolyloximes such as picarbutrazox; glucopyranosyl antibiotics such as validamycin; fungicides such as mineral oil, organic oils, potassium bicarbonate and mixtures thereof.
In an embodiment, the preferred multi-site fungicide may be selected from mancozeb, folpet, copper salt e.g. tribasic copper sulfate (TBCS), chlorothalonil, and sulphur.
In an embodiment of the combinations of the present invention, the preferred systemic fungicides may be a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide selected from isopyrazam, benzovindyflupyr, benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil, isofetamid, fluopyram, fenfuram, carboxin, oxycarboxin, thifluzamide, boscalid and IR9792.
In a preferred embodiment, the third and/or fourth fungicides in the combinations of the present invention may be selected from ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors, and/or Quinone outside (Qo) inhibitors or mixtures thereof.
Thus in an embodiment, the systemic fungicides may be an ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors selected from the group consisting of azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, Ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, Propiconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, prothioconazole, imazalil, oxpoconazole, pefurazoate, prochloraz, triflumizole, fenarimol, nuarimol, pyrifenox , pyrisoxazole, triforine and mixtures thereof.
In another embodiment, the ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors may be selected from prothioconazole, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, cyroconazole or epoxiconazole.
In an embodiment, the systemic fungicides may be a Quinone outside (Qo) inhibitor fungicide selected from azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, mandestrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb, kresoxim-methyl, dimoxystrobin, fenaminostrobin, metominostrobin, trifloxystrobin, famoxadone, fluoxastrobin, fenamidone, pyribencarb and mixtures thereof.
In an embodiment, the Quinone outside (Qo) inhibitor fungicide may be selected from azoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin.
In an embodiment of the combinations of the present invention, the preferred succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide is isopyrazam.
In an embodiment, the combinations of the present invention include the following preferred combinations.
In the exemplary combinations tabulated below, the term "Fungicide A" means at least one, and preferably individually each one of the fungicides selected from mancozeb (A1), folpet (A2), copper salt e.g. tribasic copper sulfate (TBCS (A3)), chlorothalonil (A4), or sulphur (A5) as being specifically combined herein with the remaining fungicides.
In the exemplary combinations tabulated below, the term "Fungicide B" means at least one, and preferably individually each one of the fungicides selected from isopyrazam (B1), benzovindiflupyr (B2), penthiopyrad (B3), boscalid (B4), IR9792 (fluindapyr (B5)), bixafen (B6), fluxapyroxad (B7), furametpyr (B8), penflufen (B9), 3-difluoromethyl-N- (7- fluoro-1 , 1 , 3-trimethyl-4-indanyl)-l-methyl-4- pyrazolecarboxamide (B10), sedaxane (B1 1 ), benodanil (B12), flutolanil (B13), mepronil (B14), isofetamid (B15), fluopyram (B16), fenfuram (B17), carboxin (B18), oxycarboxin (B19), thifluzamide (B20), pydiflumetofen (B21); isofetamid (B22) or boscalid (B23) as being specifically combined herein with the remaining fungicides.
In the exemplary combinations tabulated below, the term "Fungicide C" means at least one, and preferably individually each one of the fungicides selected from cyproconazole (C1 ), difenoconazole (C2), epoxiconazole (C3), hexaconazole (C4), tebuconazole (C5), tetraconazole (C6), prothioconazole (C7), metalaxyl (C8), metalaxyl-M (C9), benomyl (C10), carbendazim (C1 1), thiophanate-methyl (C12), zoxamide (C13), fluopicolide (C14), phenamacril (C15), cyazofamid (C16), amisulbrom (C17), tricyclazole (C18), oxathiapiprolin (C19), and picarbutrazox (C20).
In the exemplary combinations tabulated below, the term "Fungicide D" means at least one, and preferably individually each one of the fungicides selected from azoxystrobin (D1 ), picoxystrobin (D2), pyraclostrobin (D3), kresoxim-methyl (D4), trfloxystrobin (D5), cyproconazole (D6), difenoconazole (D7), hexaconazole (D8), epoxiconazole (D9), tebuconazole (D10), tetraconazole (D1 1), prothioconazole (D12), benomyl (D13), carbendazim (D14), thiphanate-methyl (D15), zoxamide (D16), fluopicolide (D17), phenamacril (D18), cyazofamid (D19), amisulbrom (D20), tricyclazole (D21), oxathiapiprolin (D22), picarbutrazox (D23), metalaxyl (D24), and metalaxyl-M (D25).
Thus, in an embodiment, the present invention provides a fungicidal combination comprising:
(a) at least one fungicidal combination as recited in row 1 to row 318 in the table 1 ; and
(b) at least one plant health promoting agent.
Thus, in an embodiment, the present invention provides a fungicidal composition comprising:
(a) at least one fungicidal combination as recited in row 1 to row 318 in the table 1 ;
(b) at least one plant health promoting agent; and
(c) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. The preferred combinations and compositions of the present invention comprise a plant health promoting agent, and a fungicidal combination appearing in each row individually in the below table: Table 1 :
S No. A B C D
1 Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyproconazole -
2 Fungicide A Fungicide B Difenoconazole -
3 Fungicide A Fungicide B Epoxiconazole -
4 Fungicide A Fungicide B Hexaconazole -
5 Fungicide A Fungicide B Tebuconazole -
6 Fungicide A Fungicide B Tetraconazole -
7 Fungicide A Fungicide B Prothioconazole -
8 Fungicide A Fungicide B - Azoxystrobin
9 Fungicide A Fungicide B - Picoxystrobin
10 Fungicide A Fungicide B - Pyraclostrobin
1 1 Fungicide A Fungicide B Kresoxim- methyl
12 Fungicide A Fungicide B - Trifloxystrobin
13 Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyproconazole Azoxystrobin
14 Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyproconazole Picoxystrobin
15 Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyproconazole Pyraclostrobin
16 Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyproconazole Kresoxim- methyl
17 Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyproconazole Trifloxystrobin
18 Fungicide A Fungicide B Difenoconazole Azoxystrobin
19 Fungicide A Fungicide B Difenoconazole Picoxystrobin
20 Fungicide A Fungicide B Difenoconazole Pyraclostrobin
21 Fungicide A Fungicide B Difenoconazole Kresoxim- methyl
22 Fungicide A Fungicide B Difenoconazole Trifloxystrobin
23 Fungicide A Fungicide B Epoxiconazole Azoxystrobin Fungicide A Fungicide B Epoxiconazole Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Epoxiconazole Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Epoxiconazole Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Epoxiconazole Trifloxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Hexaconazole Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Hexaconazole Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Hexaconazole Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Hexaconazole Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Hexaconazole Trifloxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tebuconazole Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tebuconazole Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tebuconazole Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tebuconazole Trifloxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tetraconazole Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tetraconazole Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tetraconazole Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tetraconazole Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tetraconazole Trifloxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Prothioconazole Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Prothioconazole Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Prothioconazole Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Prothioconazole Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Prothioconazole Trifloxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl -
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxy-m -
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl -
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim - Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate
methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide -
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide -
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril -
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid -
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom -
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole -
Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin -
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox -
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Cyproconazole
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Difenoconazole
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Epoxiconazole
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Hexaconazole
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Tebuconazole
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Tetraconazole
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Prothioconazol
Metalaxyl-M e
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Azoxystrobin
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Picoxystrobin
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Pyraclostrobin
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Kresoxim- Metalaxyl-M methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Benomyl
Metalaxyl-M Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Carbendazim Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Thiophanate
Metalaxyl-M methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Zoxamide
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Fluopicolide
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Phenamacril
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Cyazofamid
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Amisulbrom
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Tricyclazole
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Oxathiapiprolin
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Metalaxyl/ Picarbutrazox
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Cyproconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Difenoconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Epoxiconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Hexaconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Tebuconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Tetraconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Prothioconazol e
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Kresoxim- methyl Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Metalaxyl/Metal axyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Carbendazim
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Thiophanate methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Zoxamide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Fluopicolide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Phenamacril
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Cyazofamid
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl amisulbrom
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Tricyclazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Oxathiapiprolin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Benomyl Picarbutrazox
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Cyproconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Difenoconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Epoxiconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Hexaconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Tebuconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Tetraconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Prothioconazol e
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Benomyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Metalaxyl/
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Thiophanate methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Zoxamide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Fluopicolide Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Phenamacril
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Cyazofamid
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Amisulbrom
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Tricyclazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Oxathiapiprolin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Carbendazim Picarbutrazox
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Cyproconazole methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Difenoconazole methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Epoxiconazole methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Hexaconazole methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Tebuconazole methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Tetraconazole methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Prothioconazol methyl e
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Azoxystrobin methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Picoxystrobin methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Pyraclostrobin methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Kresoxim- methyl methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Benomyl methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Carbendazim methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Metalaxyl/ methyl Metalaxyl-M Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Zoxamide methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Fluopicolide methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Phenamacril methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Cyazofamid methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Amisulbrom methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Tricyclazole methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Oxathiapiprolin methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Thiophanate Picarbutrazox methyl
Fungicide B Fungicide B Zoxamide Cyproconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Difenoconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Epoxiconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Hexaconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Tebuconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Tetraconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Prothioconazol e
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Benomyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Carbendazim
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Metalaxyl/
Metalaxyl-M Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Thiophanate methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Fluopicolide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Phenamacril
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Cyazofamid
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Amisulbrom
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Tricyclazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Oxathiapiprolin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Zoxamide Picarbutrazox
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Cyproconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Difenoconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Epoxiconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Hexaconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Tebuconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Tetraconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Prothioconazol e
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Benomyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Carbendazim
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Metalaxyl/
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Thiophanate methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Zoxamide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Phenamacril
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Cyazofamid
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Amisulbrom
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Tricyclazole Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Oxathiapiprolin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Fluopicolide Picarbutrazox
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Cyproconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Difenoconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Epoxiconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Hexaconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Tebuconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Tetraconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Prothioconazol e
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Benomyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Carbendazim
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Metalaxyl/
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Thiophanate methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Zoxamide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Fluopicolide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Cyazofamid
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Amisulbrom
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Tricyclazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Oxathiapiprolin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Phenamacril Picarbutrazox
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Cyproconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Difenoconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Epoxiconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Hexaconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Tebuconazole Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Tetraconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Prothioconazol e
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B cyazofamid Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Benomyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Carbendazim
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Metalaxyl/
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Thiophanate methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Zoxamide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Fluopicolide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Phenamacril
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Amisulbrom
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Tricyclazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Oxathiapiprolin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Cyazofamid Picarbutrazox
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Cyproconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Difenoconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Epoxiconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Hexaconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Tebuconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Tetraconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Prothioconazol e
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Pyraclostrobin Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Benomyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Metalaxyl/
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Carbendazim
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Thiophanate methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Zoxamide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Fluopicolide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Cyazofamid
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Tricyclazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Oxathiapiprolin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Amisulbrom Picarbutrazox
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Cyproconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Difenoconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Epoxiconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Hexaconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Tebuconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Tetraconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Prothioconazol e
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Benomyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Carbendazim
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Metalaxyl/
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Thiophanate methyl Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Zoxamide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Fluopicolide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Cyazofamid
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Amisulbrom
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Oxathiapiprolin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Tricyclazole Picarbutrazox
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Cyproconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Difenoconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Epoxiconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Hexaconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Tebuconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Tetraconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Prothioconazol e
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Azoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Picoxystrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Pyraclostrobin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Kresoxim- methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Benomyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Carbendazim
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Metalaxyl/
Metalaxyl-M
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Thiophanate methyl
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Zoxamide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Fluopicolide
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Cyazofamid
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Amisulbrom
Fungicide A Fungicide B Picarbutrazox Oxathiapiprolin
Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Cyproconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Difenoconazole
Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Epoxiconazole 302 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Hexaconazole
303 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Tebuconazole
304 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Tetraconazole
305 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Prothioconazol e
306 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Azoxystrobin
307 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Picoxystrobin
308 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Pyraclostrobin
309 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Kresoxim- methyl
310 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Benomyl
31 1 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Carbendazim
312 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Metalaxyl/
Metalaxyl-M
313 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Thiophanate methyl
314 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Zoxamide
315 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Fluopicolide
316 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Cyazofamid
317 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Amisulbrom
318 Fungicide A Fungicide B Oxathiapiprolin Picarbutrazox
In an embodiment, the exemplary combinations according to the present invention may be selected from the following combinations.
In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1) and the preferred fungicide B is isopyrazam (B1).
In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1) and the preferred fungicide B is benzovindiflupyr (B2).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1 ), and the preferred fungicide B is penthiopyrad (B3). In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1) and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B4).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1) and the preferred fungicide B is fluindapyr (B5).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2).
In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2) and the preferred fungicide B is isopyrazam (B1).
In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2) and the preferred fungicide B is benzovindiflupyr (B2).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2), and the preferred fungicide B is penthiopyrad (B3).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2) and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B4).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2) and the preferred fungicide B is fluindapyr (B5).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is folpet (A2), and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B23).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is tribasic copper sulfate (A3).
In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3) and the preferred fungicide B is isopyrazam (B1).
In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3) and the preferred fungicide B is benzovindiflupyr (B2). In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3), and the preferred fungicide B is penthiopyrad (B3).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3) and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B4).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3) and the preferred fungicide B is fluindapyr (B5).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is TBCS (A3), and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B23).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4).
In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4) and the preferred fungicide B is isopyrazam (B1 ).
In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4) and the preferred fungicide B is benzovindiflupyr (B2).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4), and the preferred fungicide B is penthiopyrad (B3).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4) and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B4).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4) and the preferred fungicide B is fluindapyr (B5).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is chlorothalonil (A4), and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B23).
In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5). In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5) and the preferred fungicide B is isopyrazam (B1).
In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5) and the preferred fungicide B is benzovindiflupyr (B2).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5), and the preferred fungicide B is penthiopyrad (B3).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5) and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B4).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5) and the preferred fungicide B is fluindapyr (B5).
In an embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is sulphur (A5), and the preferred fungicide B is boscalid (B23).
In a preferred embodiment, the preferred fungicide A is mancozeb (A1) or folpet (A2) or tribasic copper sulfate (A3) or chlorothalonil (A4) or sulphur (A5), and the preferred fungicide B is bixafen (B6).
The combinations of the present invention may be formulated in the form of a composition. In an embodiment, the present invention may provide a composition comprising:
(a) at least one succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide;
(b) at least one multi-site fungicide;
(c) at least one plant growth promoting agent;
(d) at least one other fungicide; and
(e) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. In an embodiment, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide, the multi-site fungicide and the other third and optional fourth fungicides may be selected according to any one of the preferred embodiments described hereinabove. In an embodiment, the present invention may provide a composition comprising:
(a) at least one succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide;
(b) at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide;
(c) at least one other fungicide ;
(d) at least one other agrochemical active; and
(e) at least one plant growth promoting agent; and
(f) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
The agrochemical active may be selected from herbicides, insecticides, miticides, acaricide, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, biocides and the like.
The amount of a composition according to the invention to be applied, will depend on various factors, such as the subject of the treatment, such as, for example plants, soil or seeds; the type of treatment, such as, for example spraying, dusting or seed dressing; the purpose of the treatment, such as, for example prophylactic or therapeutic disease control; in case of disease control the type of fungi to be controlled or the application time. This amount of the combinations of the present invention to be applied can be readily deduced by a skilled agronomist.
Thus in an embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions comprising:
(a) at least one pyrazaole carboxamide selected from benzovindiflupyr, bixafen, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, isopyrazam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, and sedaxane;
(b) at least one other fungicide; and
(c) at last one multi-site fungicide;
(d) at least one plant growth promoting agent; and
said fungicides being combined in agrochemically acceptable amounts.
In an embodiment, the total amount of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor in the composition may typically be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 90% by weight. The total amount of dithiocarbamate fungicide in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight. The total amount of ergostrol biosynthesis inhibitor in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight. The total amount of Quinone outside inhibitor in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight.
In an embodiment, the constituent fungicides of the combination of the present invention may be admixed in ratio of (1-80): (1 -80): (1 -80) of the dithiocarbamate fungicide, succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide and the third fungicide respectively. In an embodiment, the constituents of the composition of the present invention may be tank mixed and sprayed at the locus of the infection, or may be alternatively be mixed with surfactants and then sprayed.
In an embodiment, the constituents of the composition of the present invention may be used for foliar application, ground or applications to plant propagation materials.
In an embodiment, the compositions of the present invention may typically be produce by mixing the actives in the composition with an inert carrier, and adding surfactants and other adjuvants and carriers as needed and formulated into solid, or liquid formulations, including but not limited to wettable powders, granules, dusts, Soluble (liquid) concentrates, suspension concentrates, oil in water emulsion, water in oil emulsion, emulsifiable concentrates, capsule suspensions, ZC formulations, oil dispersions or other known formulation types. The composition may also be used for treatment of a plant propagation material such as seeds etc.
Examples of the solid carrier used in formulation include fine powders or granules such as minerals such as kaolin clay, attapulgite clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, acid white clay, pyrophyllite, talc, diatomaceous earth and calcite; natural organic materials such as corn rachis powder and walnut husk powder; synthetic organic materials such as urea; salts such as calcium carbonate and ammonium sulfate; synthetic inorganic materials such as synthetic hydrated silicon oxide; and as a liquid carrier, aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, alkylbenzene and methylnaphthalene; alcohols such as 2-propanol, ethyleneglycol, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether; ketones such as acetone, cyclohexanone and isophorone; vegetable oil such as soybean oil and cotton seed oil; petroleum aliphatic hydrocarbons, esters, dimethylsulfoxide, acetonitrile and water.
Examples of the surfactant include anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfate ester salts, alkylaryl sulfonate salts, dialkyl sulfosuccinate salts, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether phosphate ester salts, lignosulfonate salts and naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde polycondensates; and nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylpolyoxypropylene block copolymers and sorbitan fatty acid esters and cationic surfactants such as alkyltrimethylammonium salts.
Examples of the other formulation auxiliary agents include water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, polysaccharides such as Arabic gum, alginic acid and the salt thereof, CMC (carboxymethyl- cellulose) , Xanthan gum, inorganic materials such as aluminum magnesium silicate and alumina sol, preservatives, coloring agents and stabilization agents such as PAP (acid phosphate isopropyl) and BHT.
The compositions according to the present invention is effective for the following plant diseases: Disease in rice: Blast (Magnaporthe grisea), Helminthosporium leaf spot (Cochliobolus miyabeanus), sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) , and bakanae disease (Gibberella fujikuroi).
Diseases in wheat: powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis) , Fusariuin head blight (Fusarium graminearum, F. avenacerum, F. culmorum, Microdochium nivale) , rust (Puccinia striiformis, P. graminis, P. recondita) , pink snow mold (Micronectriella nivale), Typhula snow blight (Typhula sp . ) , loose smut (Ustilago tritici) , bunt (Tilletia caries) , eyespot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides) , leaf blotch (Mycosphaerella graminicola) , glume blotch (Stagonospora nodorum) , septoria, and yellow spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) .
Diseases of barley: powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), Fusarium head blight (Fusarium graminearum, F. avenacerum, F. culmorum, Microdochium nivale), rust (Puccinia striiformis, P. graminis, P. hordei) , loose smut (Ustilago nuda) , scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) , net blotch (Pyrenophora teres), spot blotch (Cochliobolus sativus), leaf stripe (Pyrenophora graminea) , and Rhizoctonia damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani) .
Diseases in corn: smut (Ustilago maydis), brown spot (Cochliobolus heterostrophus), copper spot (Gloeocercospora sorghi), southern rust (Puccinia polysora), gray leaf spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis), white spot (Phaeosphaeria mydis and/or Pantoea ananatis) and Rhizoctonia damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani).
Diseases of citrus: melanose (Diaporthe citri), scab (Elsinoe fawcetti), penicillium rot (Penicillium digitatum, P.italicum), and brown rot (Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora citrophthora) .
Diseases of apple: blossom blight (Monilinia mali) , canker (Valsa ceratosperma) , powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) , Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria alternata apple pathotype) , scab (Venturia inaequalis) , powdery mildew, bitter rot (Colletotrichum acutatum) , crown rot (Phytophtora cactorum) , blotch (Diplocarpon mali) , and ring rot (Botryosphaeria berengeriana) .
Diseases of pear: scab (Venturia nashicola, V. pirina), powdery mildew, black spot (Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype), rust (Gymnosporangium haraeanum) , and phytophthora fruit rot (Phytophtora cactorum).
Diseases of peach: brown rot (Monilinia fructicola), powdery mildew, scab (Cladosporium carpophilum) , and phomopsis rot (Phomopsis sp.) .
Diseases of grape: anthracnose (Elsinoe ampelina), ripe rot (Glomerella cingulata) , powdery mildew (Uncinula necator) , rust (Phakopsora ampelopsidis) , black rot (Guignardia bidwellii) , botrytis, and downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) .
Diseases of Japanese persimmon: anthracnose (Gloeosporium kaki), and leaf spot (Cercospora kaki, Mycosphaerella nawae).
Diseases of gourd: anthracnose (Colletotrichum lagenarium), powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea) , gummy stem blight (Mycosphaerella melonis) , Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) , downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) , Phytophthora rot (Phytophthora sp.) , and damping-off (Pythium sp ).
Diseases of tomato: early blight (Alternaria solani), leaf mold (Cladosporium fulvum) , and late blight (Phytophthora infestans) .
Diseases of eggplant: brown spot (Phomopsis vexans), and powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) Diseases of cruciferous vegetables: Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria japonica), white spot (Cercosporella brassicae), clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae), and downy mildew (Peronospora parasitica).
Diseases of onion: rust (Puccinia allii), and downy mildew (Peronospora destructor).
Diseases of soybean: purple seed stain (Cercospora kikuchii), sphaceloma scad (Elsinoe glycines), pod and stem blight (Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae), septoria brown spot (Septoria glycines), frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina), rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) , Yellow rust, brown stem rot (Phytophthora sojae), and Rhizoctonia damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani) .
Diseases of kidney bean: anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemthianum). Diseases of peanut: leaf spot (Cercospora personata), brown leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola) and southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Diseases of garden pea: powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi), and root rot (Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi).
Diseases of potato: early blight (Alternaria solani), late blight (Phytophthora infestans), pink rot (Phytophthora erythroseptica), and powdery scab (Spongospora subterranean f. sp. subterranea).
Diseases of strawberry: powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca humuli), and anthracnose (Glomerella cingulata). Diseases of tea: net blister blight (Exobasidium reticulatum), white scab (Elsinoe leucospila), gray blight (Pestalotiopsis sp.), and anthracnose (Colletotrichum theae- sinensis). Diseases of tobacco: brown spot (Alternaria longipes), powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum), anthracnose (Colletotrichum tabacum), downy mildew (Peronospora tabacina), and black shank (Phytophthora nicotianae).
Diseases of rapeseed: sclerotinia rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), and Rhizoctonia damping- off (Rhizoctonia solani). Diseases of cotton: Rhizoctonia damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani).
Diseases of sugar beat: Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora beticola), leaf blight (Thanatephorus cucumeris), Root rot (Thanatephorus cucumeris), and Aphanomyces root rot (Aphanomyces cochlioides).
Diseases of rose: black spot (Diplocarpon rosae), powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca pannosa) , and downy mildew (Peronospora sparsa) . Diseases of chrysanthemum and asteraceous plants: downy mildew (Bremia lactucae), leaf blight (Septoria chrysanthemi- indici) , and white rust (Puccinia horiana).
Diseases of various groups: diseases caused by Pythium spp. (Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debarianum, Pythium graminicola, Pythium irregulare, Pythium ultimum), gray mold. (Botrytis cinerea), and Sclerotinia rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum). Disease of Japanese radish: Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria brassicicola).
Diseases of turfgrass: dollar spot (Sclerotinia homeocarpa), and brown patch and large patch (Rhizoctonia solani). Disease of banana: Black sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis), Yellow sigatoka (Mycosphaerella musicola).
Disease of sunflower: downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii) . Seed diseases or diseases in the early stages of the growth of various plants caused by Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Gibberella spp., Tricoderma spp., Thielaviopsis spp., Rhizopus spp., Mucor spp., Corticium spp., Phoma spp., Rhizoctonia spp. and Diplodia spp.
Viral diseases of various plants mediated by Polymixa spp. or Olpidium spp. and so on.
The compositions of the present invention can be used in agricultural lands such as fields, paddy fields, lawns and orchards or in non-agricultural lands. The present invention may be used to control diseases in agricultural lands for cultivating the plants without any phytotoxicity to the plant.
Examples of the crops on which the present compositions may be used include but are not limited to corn, rice, wheat, barley, rye, oat, sorghum, cotton, soybean, peanut, buckwheat, beet, rapeseed, sunflower, sugar cane, tobacco, etc.; vegetables: solanaceous vegetables such as eggplant, tomato, pimento, pepper, potato, etc., cucurbit vegetables such as cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, water melon, melon, squash, etc., cruciferous vegetables such as radish, white turnip, horseradish, kohlrabi, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, leaf mustard, broccoli, cauliflower, etc., asteraceous vegetables such as burdock, crown daisy, artichoke, lettuce, etc, liliaceous vegetables such as green onion, onion, garlic, and asparagus, ammiaceous vegetables such as carrot, parsley, celery, parsnip, etc., chenopodiaceous vegetables such as spinach, Swiss chard, etc., lamiaceous vegetables such as Perilla frutescens, mint, basil, etc, strawberry, sweet potato, Dioscorea japonica, colocasia, etc., flowers, foliage plants, turf grasses, fruits: pome fruits such apple, pear, quince, etc, stone fleshy fruits such as peach, plum, nectarine, Prunus mume, cherry fruit, apricot, prune, etc., citrus fruits such as orange, lemon, rime, grapefruit, etc., nuts such as chestnuts, walnuts, hazelnuts, almond, pistachio, cashew nuts, macadamia nuts, etc. berries such as blueberry, cranberry, blackberry, raspberry, etc., grape, kaki fruit, olive, plum, banana, coffee, date palm, coconuts, etc. , trees other than fruit trees; tea, mulberry, flowering plant, trees such as ash, birch, dogwood, Eucalyptus, Ginkgo biloba, lilac, maple, Quercus, poplar, Judas tree, Liquidambar formosana, plane tree, zelkova, Japanese arborvitae, fir wood, hemlock, juniper, Pinus, Picea, and Taxus cuspidate, etc. In an embodiment, the constituent fungicides of the combination of the present invention may be admixed in ratio of (1 -80): (1 -80): (1 -80): (1 :80)
In an aspect, the present invention may provide methods of controlling fungal diseases comprising applying a combination comprising:
(a) at least one succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide;
(b) at least one plant growth promoting agent;
(c) at least one other fungicide; and
(d) at least one multi-site fungicide.
In an embodiment, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide, the quinone outside inhibitor fungicide, the ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor fungicide, and the dithiocarbamate fungicide may be selected according to any of the preferred embodiments of the combinations described hereinabove.
The combinations of the present invention may be sold as a pre-mix composition or a kit of parts such that individual actives may be mixed before spraying. Alternatively, the kit of parts may contain succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide and the dithiocarbamate fungicide pre-mixed and the third active may be admixed with an adjuvant such that the two components may be tank mixed before spraying.
The composition of the present invention maybe applied simultaneously as a tank mix or a formulation or may be applied sequentially. The application may be made to the soil before emergence of the plants, either pre-planting or post-planting. The application may be made as a foliar spray at different timings during crop development, with either one or two applications early or late post-emergence.
The compositions according to the invention can be applied before or after infection of the useful plants or the propagation material thereof by the fungi.
As will be demonstrated in the examples, the addition of a plant growth promoting agent to a combination of a dithiocarbamate fungicide and a combination of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors which are combined with Quinone outside inhibitors and/or ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors, greatly improved the disease control as well as improved yield and demonstrated a synergistic effect. The lower the mixture performance in the disease control, the greater the additional benefit of the mancozeb when added to the compositions of the present invention. In an embodiment, the combination of the present invention comprises, apart from a multisite contact fungicide and a plant growth promoting agent, at least one benzimidazole fungicide selected from selected from albendazole, benomyl, carbendazim, chlorfenazole, cypendazole, debacarb, fuberidazole, mecarbinzid, rabenzazole, and thiabendazole. In an embodiment, the benzimidazole fungicide is carbendazim.
In an embodiment, the benzimidazole fungicide is benomyl.
In an embodiment, the dithiocarbamate fungicides may be selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb.
In an embodiment, the dithiocarbamate fungicide is selected from mancozeb.
In an embodiment, the combination of the present invention may comprise at least a third fungicide or insecticide apart from the multisite fungicide.
In an embodiment, the third fungicide is a combination of at least two more fungicides. In this embodiment, these fungicides are referred to herein as the third and the fourth fungicide respectively. However, the third and the fourth fungicide are preferably not the same fungicides, although they can be a combination of two fungicides from the same class of fungicides. In an embodiment, the present combinations may additionally contain other plant health promoting additives such as fertilizers, micronutrients, biological additives etc. that are known to enhance the growth and health of the plant. In an embodiment of the combinations of the present invention, the preferred dithiocarbamate fungicide is mancozeb and the preferred benzimidazole fungicide is carbendazim and the plant health additive is stabilised orthosilicic acid. In an embodiment of the combinations of the present invention, the preferred dithiocarbamate fungicide is mancozeb and the preferred strobilurin fungicide is azoxystrobin and the plant health additive is stabilised orthosilicic acid.
The combinations of the present invention may be formulated in the form of a composition.
In an embodiment, the present invention may provide a composition comprising:
(a) at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide;
(b) at least one benzimidazole fungicide;
(c) at least one silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and
(d) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
In an embodiment, the present invention may provide a composition comprising:
(a) at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide;
(b) at least one benzimidazole fungicide;
(c) at least one silicic acid based plant health promoting additive;
(d) at least another fungicide or insecticide; and
(e) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
In an embodiment, the present invention may provide a composition comprising:
(a) at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide;
(b) at least one benzimidazole fungicide;
(c) at least one silicic acid based plant health promoting additive;
(d) at least another health promoting additive selected from fertilizers, micronutrients, mycorrhiza, biological additives that enhance plant growth; and
(e) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
The amount of a composition according to the invention to be applied, will depend on various factors, such as the subject of the treatment, such as, for example plants, soil or seeds; the type of treatment, such as, for example spraying, dusting or seed dressing; the purpose of the treatment, such as, for example prophylactic or therapeutic disease control; in case of disease control the type of fungi to be controlled or the application time. This amount of the combinations of the present invention to be applied can be readily deduced by a skilled agronomist.
Thus in an embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions comprising:
(a) mancozeb;
(b) carbendazim; and
(c) stabilised orthosilicic acid.
In an embodiment, the present invention may provide compositions comprising:
(a) mancozeb;
(b) carbendazim;
(c) stabilised orthosilicic acid; and
(d) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
In an embodiment, the total amount of dithiocarbamate fungicide in the composition may typically be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 90% by weight. The total amount of benzimidazole fungicide in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight. The total amount of silicic acid based plant heath promoting additive in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight. The total amount of third fungicide/ insecticide/plant growth additive in the composition may be in the range of 0.1 to 99% by weight. In an embodiment, the constituent of the combination of the present invention may be admixed in ratio of (1 -80): (1 -80): (1 -80) of the dithiocarbamate fungicide, benzimidazole fungicide and the silicic acid based plant health additive respectively.
In an embodiment, the constituents of the composition of the present invention may be tank mixed and sprayed at the locus of the infection, or may be alternatively be mixed with surfactants and then sprayed.
In an embodiment, the constituents of the composition of the present invention may be used for foliar application, ground or applications to plant propagation materials. In an embodiment, the compositions of the present invention may typically be produced by mixing the actives in the composition with an inert carrier, and adding surfactants and other adjuvants and carriers as needed and formulated into solid, or liquid formulations, including but not limited to wettable powders, granules, dusts, Soluble (liquid) concentrates, suspension concentrates, oil in water emulsion, water in oil emulsion, emulsifiable concentrates, capsule suspensions, ZC formulations, oil dispersions or other known formulation types. The composition may also be used for treatment of a plant propagation material such as seeds etc.
In an aspect, the present invention may provide methods of controlling fungal pests at a locus and promoting health of the plant, said method comprising applying a combination comprising:
(a) at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide;
(b) at least one benzimidazole fungicide; and
(c) at least one silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In an embodiment, the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicide and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive may be selected according to any of the preferred embodiments of the combinations described hereinabove.
In an aspect, the present combinations may be used to promote health of the plant, said method comprising applying a combination of:
(a) at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide;
(b) at least one benzimidazole fungicide; and
(c) at least one silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In an embodiment, the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicide and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive may be selected according to any of the preferred embodiments of the combinations described hereinabove.
The combinations of the present invention may be sold as a pre-mix composition or a kit of parts such that individual actives may be mixed before spraying. Alternatively, the kit of parts may contain the dithiocarbamate fungicide and the second and/orthird fungicide pre- mixed and the benzimidazole fungicide may be admixed with an adjuvant and the silicic acid based plant health additive packaged separately, such that the three components may be tank mixed before spraying. The method of control of the present invention may be carried out by spraying the suggested tank mixes, or the individual fungicides may be formulated as a kit-of-parts containing various components that may be mixed as instructed prior to spraying.
In an embodiment, the present invention provides a kit-of-parts comprising a plurality of components, wherein said plurality of components comprises:
(a) at least a first component comprising at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide;
(b) at least a second component comprising at least one benzimidazole fungicide; and
(c) at least a third component comprising at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In an embodiment, the present invention provides a kit-of-parts comprising a plurality of components, wherein said plurality of components comprises:
(a) at least a first component comprising at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide;
(b) at least a second component comprising at least one strobilurin fungicide; and (c) at least a third component comprising at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
In an embodiment, the kit-of-parts comprises an instructions manual, said instructions manual comprising instructions directing a user to admix the components before being used.
In an embodiment, the components of the present invention may be packaged such that the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicides, and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive may be packaged separately and then tank mixed before the spraying.
In another embodiment, the components of the present invention may be packaged such that the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicides, and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive may be packaged separately, whereas other additives are packaged separately, such that the two maybe tank mixed at the time of spraying.
In another embodiment, the components of the present invention may be packaged as composition such that the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicides, and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive are formulated into one composition and other additives are packaged separately, such that the two maybe tank mixed at the time of spraying. Surprisingly, it has been found by the present inventors, that the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicides, and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive of the present invention, when applied individually, was ineffective in the control of fungi, but demonstrated excellent synergistic control on when applied together. The combination controlled the fungus both pre and post emergently. As will be demonstrated by the examples, the combination of the dithiocarbamate fungicide, the benzimidazole fungicides, and the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive synergistically controlled fungi at a locus. The current invention therefore provides advantageous methods of controlling fungi. The composition of the present invention maybe applied simultaneously as a tank mix or a formulation or may be applied sequentially. The application may be made as a foliar spray at different timings during crop development, with either one or two applications early or late post-emergence. The compositions according to the invention can be applied before or after infection of the useful plants or the propagation material thereof by the fungi.
As demonstrated, the addition of a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive to a combination of dithiocarbamate fungicide and benzimidazole fungicide, greatly improved the disease control as well as improved yield and demonstrated a synergistic effect. The lower the mixture performance in the disease control, the greater the additional benefit of the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive when added to the compositions of the present invention. In an embodiment, an exemplary composition or formulation was prepared by known or recognised methods for example by homogeneously mixing and grinding the active components with extenders, e.g. solid carriers, and the like. The solid carriers used are normally natural mineral filler(s) such as china clay. If required, sodium lignosulfonate and citric acid may also be added to the formulation.
Example 1 :
Figure imgf000049_0001
Thus, in an exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a composition comprising:
(a) mancozeb in an amount of about 10.4%;
(b) carbendazim in an amount of about 2.00%;
(c) silicic acid in an amount of about 1 .30%; and
(d) clay in an amount of about 84.5%.
In an exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a composition comprising:
(a) mancozeb in an amount of about 12.1 % having a purity of about 86%;
(b) carbendazim in an amount of about 2.00%;
(c) silicic acid in an amount of about 1 .30%; and
(d) clay in an amount of about 84.5%.
Example 2: Another composition was prepared in a similar manner with the following ingredients: Ingredient Dose in %
Mancozeb Tech (Purity 86 % ) b 10.4 12.100
Carbendazim Tech (Purity 98 %) b 2.01 2.050
Silicic acid 1 .340
Sodium lignosulfonate 2.000
Citric acid 0.100
China Clay 82.410
100.000
Thus, in an exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a composition comprising:
(a) mancozeb in an amount of about 10.4%;
(b) carbendazim in an amount of about 2.00%;
(c) silicic acid in an amount of about 1 .30%;
(d) sodium lignosulfonate in an amount of about 2.0%; and
(e) clay in an amount of about 84.5%.
In an exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a composition comprising:
(a) mancozeb in an amount of about 12.1 % having a purity of about 86%;
(b) carbendazim in an amount of about 2.00%;
(c) silicic acid in an amount of about 1 .30%;
(d) sodium lignosulfonate in an amount of about 2.0%; and
(e) clay in an amount of about 84.5%.
Thus, in an exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a composition comprising:
(a) mancozeb in an amount of about 10.4%;
(b) carbendazim in an amount of about 2.00%;
(c) silicic acid in an amount of about 1 .30%;
(d) citric acid in an amount of about 0.10%;
(e) sodium lignosulfonate in an amount of about 2.0%; and
(f) clay in an amount of about 84.5%. In an exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a composition comprising:
(a) mancozeb in an amount of about 12.1 % having a purity of about 86% ;
(b) carbendazim in an amount of about 2.00%;
(c) silicic acid in an amount of about 1 .30%;
(d) citric acid in an amount of about 0.10%
(e) sodium lignosulfonate in an amount of about 2.0% ; and
(f) clay in an amount of about 84.5%.
Comparative Trial:
Comparative trials of the combinations according to the present invention were carried out and compared to a test composition prepared without the silicic acid plant health promoting agent of the present invention. The comparative performance of the composition of the present invention was observed for plant growth enhancement benefits as well as efficacy against leaf blast, stem borer, leaf folder and BPH.
Observations were taken on percent disease (leaf blast) severity from 20 randomly selected hills at Pre-treatment, 10, 14, 28 and 42 Days after application. The trial fields were also observed for stem borer/ leaf folder/BPH incidence. Plant height, root length and greenness were also measured at 14, 28 days after application and tiller count 28, 42 and 60 days after application from 20 randomly selected hills. The number of productive tillers from 20 randomly selected hills was counted and yield per plot at harvest in Kg was noted.
Trial 1 : Plant Height observation in 40 DAA-5 hills mean: Crop - paddy variety ASD16
Treatments Dose R1 R2
(mL/g/Ha) Plant Root No. of Plant Root No. of height length tillers height length tillers
(cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)
T1 : Example 1 7500 100.6 19.8 16.4 99.4 19 16.2
T2: Comparative 1250 96.6 15.8 14.8 95 16.5 14 Example 1
without silicic
acid (applied
with urea) 75% WP formulation
(SAAFILIZER)
T3: Control - 93 13 1 1 .8 93 14 12.6
Trial 2: Plant Height observation in 28 DAA -5 hills mean
Figure imgf000052_0001
Trial 3 - Plant Height observation in 28 DAA- 5 hills mean
Treatments Dose R1 R2
(mL/g/Ha) Plant Root No. of Plant Root No. of height length tillers height length tillers
(cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)
T1 : Example 1 7500 79.8 18.8 17.4 76.6 16.9 16.4
T2: Comparative 1250 72.4 12.2 16 71 .4 13.4 14.4 Example 1
without silicic
acid (applied
with urea) 75%
WP formulation
(SAAFILIZER) T3: Control - 70 1 1 .6 15.2 68.8 1 1 .2 14.4
Trial 4 - Plant Height observation in 28 DAA- 5 hills mean
Treatments Dose R1 R2
(mL/g/Ha) Plant Root No. of Plant Root No. of height length tillers height length tillers
(cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)
T1 : Example 1 7500 77.6 18.4 22 74.5 16.8 21 .4
T2: Comparative 1250 72 13.6 15.2 69.8 12.2 13.8 Example 1
without silicic
acid (applied
with urea) 75%
WP formulation
(SAAFILIZER)
T3: Control - 69.6 12.8 14 69 1 1 .6 12.8 Overall mean values of the four trials:
Treatments Dose R1
(mL/g/Ha) Plant height Root length No. of tillers
(cm) (cm)
T1 : Example 1 7500 83.81 17.88 18.93
T2: Comparative Example 1 1250 78.80 14.08 15.33 without silicic acid (applied with
urea) 75% WP formulation
(SAAFILIZER)
T3: Control - 76.28 12.00 13.60 Trial 2:
A second trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of mancozeb and ortho-silicic acid as a tank mix application against tomato early blight and fruit borer. The following treatments were used for this trial:
Figure imgf000054_0001
These trials were carried out on tomato variety TO-1389 against fruit borer and early blight. The plot size was 5 by 3 sq m on black soil type field. The experiments were designed randomized block design with 3 replications. The field was rain irrigated with drip irrigation. A back-pack knapsack electrical sprayer was used having a hollow cone nozzle. The water volume used for dilution was 500 L/ha. The tomato crop was transplanted on 13th June, while the first, second and third spray of the corresponding treatments was carried out on 8th August, 18th August and 29th August respectively. All the treated crops were observed to show 0 percentage phytotoxicity.
Figure imgf000054_0002
A-10 : 10 days after first spray; B-10 : 10 days after 2nd spray; C - 10: 10 days after 3 spray. It was thus found that none of the tested products showed any crop injury symptoms. It was found that mancozeb + OSA @ 2000 + 750 g/ha showed synergistic effect against early blight with 79.82% disease control and 39.93 tons/ha yield.
It was thus concluded that the presence of a plant growth promoting agent according to the present invention, such as silicic acid, led to a surprising growth in plant height, root length and number of tillers in paddy crop across the four observed trials. While the foregoing written description of the invention enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The invention should therefore not be limited by the above described embodiment, method, and examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1 . A combination comprising: at least one multisite contact fungicide and at least one plant health promoting agent.
2. The combination as claimed in claim 1 additionally comprising at least one systemic fungicide.
The combination as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the multisite contact fungicide is:
(a) a dithiocarbamate fungicide selected from asamobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb; or
(b) a phthalimide fungicide selected from captan, captafol and folpet; or
(c) chlorothalonil; or
(d) a sulfamide fungicide selected from dichlofluanid and tolylfluanid; or
(e) a bis-guanidine fungicide selected from guazatine and iminoctadine; or
(f) a triazine fungicide selected from anilazine; or
(g) a quinone fungicide selected from dithianon; or
(h) a quinoxaline fungicide selected from quinomethionate and chlorquinox; or
(i) a dicarboxamide fungicide selected from fluoroimide; or
(j) an inorganic fungicide selected from copper fungicides including copper (II) hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, basic copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate C7H403*Cu, cuprous oxide CU20; or sulphur.
The combination as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plant growth promoting agent is is a silicic acid based additive having the general formula:
[SiOx(OH)4-2x]n The combination as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plant growth promoting agent is a silicic acid based additive selected from metasilicic acid (H2S1O3), orthosilicic acid (H4S1O4), disilicic acid (H2S12O5), and pyrosilicic acid (H6Si207).
The combination as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the systemic fungicide is:
(a) a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor selected from benzovindiflupyr, bixafen, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, isopyrazam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, 3- difluoromethyl-N- (7- fluoro-1 , 1 , 3-trimethyl-4-indanyl)-l-methyl-4- pyrazolecarboxamide, sedaxane, benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil, isofetamid, fluopyram, fenfuram, carboxin, oxycarboxin, thifluzamide, pydiflumetofen; isofetamid and boscalid; or
(b) a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from acylalanines such as benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M (kiralaxyl), furalaxyl, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam), oxazolidinones such as oxadixyl, butyrolactones such as ofurace, hydroxy-(2-amino-) pyrimidines such as bupirimate, dimethirimol, ethirimol, isoxazoles such as hymexazole, isothiazolones such as octhilinone, carboxylic acids such as oxolinic acid;
(c) a cytoskeleton and motor protein inhibitor selected from benzimidazoles such as benomyl, carbendazim, fuberidazole, thiabendazole; thiophanates such as thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl; N-phenyl carbamates such as diethofencarb; toluamides such as zoxamide; thiazole carboxamides such as ethaboxam; phenylureas such as pencycuron, benzamides such as fluopicolide; cyanoacrylates such as phenamacril;
(d) a respiration process inhibitor fungicide selected from pyrimidinamines such diflumetorim; pyrazole-5-carboxamides such as tolfenpyrad, strobilurins such as azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, mandestrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb, kresoxim-methyl, dimoxystrobin, fenaminostrobin, metominostrobin, trifloxystrobin, famoxadone, fluoxastrobin, fenamidone, pyribencarb and mixtures thereof; oxazolidine-diones such as famoxadone; Imidazolinones such as fenamidone; benzyl-carbamates such as pyribencarb; N-methoxy-(phenyl-ethyl)-pyrazole-carboxamides such as Pyrimidinamines such as diflumetorim; cyano-imidazole such as cyazofamid; sulfamoyl-triazole such as amisulbrom; dinitrophenyl crotonates such as binapacryl, meptyldinocap, dinocap; 2,6-dinitro-anilines such as fluazinam; pyr.- hydrazones such as ferimzone; tri-phenyl tin compounds such as fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide; thiophene-carboxamides such as silthiofam; triazolo-pyrimidylamine such as ametoctradin;
(e) an amino acids and protein synthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from anilino- pyrimidines such as cyprodinil, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, antibiotic fungicides such as blasticidin-S, kasugamycin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline and the like; (f) signal transduction inhibitor fungicide selected from aryloxyquinolines such as quinoxyfen; quinazolinones such as proquinazid; phenylpyrroles such as fenpiclonil, fludioxonil; dicarboximides such as chlozolinate, dimethachlone, iprodione, procymidone and vinclozolin;
(g) a lipid synthesis and membrane integrity distruptor such as phosphoro-thiolates such as edifenphos, Iprobenfos, pyrazophos; dithiolanes such as isoprothiolane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as biphenyl, chloroneb, dicloran, quintozene (PCNB), tecnazene (TCNB), tolclofos-methyl and the like; 1 ,2,4- thiadiazoles such as etridiazole; carbamates such as iodocarb, propamocarb, prothiocarb and the like;
(h) sterol biosynthesis inhibitor selected from triazoles such as azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, Ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, Propiconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, prothioconazole, piperazines such as triforine; pyridines such as pyrifenox, pyrisoxazole; pyrimidines such as fenarimol, nuarimol imidazoles such as imazalil, oxpoconazole, pefurazoate, prochloraz, triflumizole; morpholines such as aldimorph, dodemorph, fenpropimorph, tridemorph and the like; piperidines such as fenpropidin, piperalin; spiroketal-amines such as spiroxamine; hydroxyanilides such as fenhexamid; amino-pyrazolinones such as fenpyrazamine; thiocarbamates such as pyributicarb; allylamines such as naftifine, terbinafine and mixtrues thereof; (i) a cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from peptidyl pyrimidine nucleoside fungicides such as polyoxin, cinnamic acid amides such as dimethomorph, flumorph, pyrimorph; valinamide carbamates such as benthiavalicarb, iprovalicarb, valifenalate; mandelic acid amides such as mandipropamid and mixtures thereof;
(j) a melanin synthesis inhibitor fungicide selected from isobenzo-furanone such as fthalide; pyrrolo-quinolinones such as pyroquilon; triazolobenzo-thiazoles such as tricyclazole; cyclopropane-carboxamides such as carpropamid; carboxamides such as diclocymet; propionamides such as fenoxanil; trifluoroethyl-carbamates such as tolprocarb; and mixtures thereof;
(k) a host plant defence inductors fungicide selected from benzo-thiadiazoles such as acibenzolar-S-methyl; benzisothiazoles such as probenazole; thiadiazole-carboxamides such as tiadinil, isotianil; polysaccharides such as laminarin; and mixtures thereof; or
(I) an additional third or fourth fungicide selected from cyanoacetamide-oximes such as cymoxanil; ethyl phosphonates such as foestyl -Al, phophorous acid and salts; phthalamic acids such as teclofthalam; benzotriazines such as triazoxide; benzene-sulphonamides such as flusulfamide; pyridazinones such as diclomezine; thiocarbamates such as methasulfocarb; phenyl-acetamides such as cyflufenamid; aryl-phenyl-ketones such as metrafenone, pyriofenone; guanidines such as dodine; cyano-methylene-thiazolidines such as flutianil; pyrimidinone-hydrazones such as ferimzone; piperidinyl-thiazole-isoxazolines such as oxathiapiprolin; 4-quinolyl-acetates such as tebufloquin; tetrazolyloximes such as picarbutrazox; glucopyranosyl antibiotics such as validamycin; fungicides such as mineral oil, organic oils, potassium bicarbonate and mixtures thereof;
(m) an ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors selected from the group consisting of azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, Ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, Propiconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, prothioconazole, imazalil, oxpoconazole, pefurazoate, prochloraz, triflumizole, fenarimol, nuarimol, pyrifenox, pyrisoxazole, triforine and mixtures thereof; (n) a Quinone outside (Qo) inhibitor fungicide selected from azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, mandestrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb, kresoxim- methyl, dimoxystrobin, fenaminostrobin, metominostrobin, trifloxystrobin, famoxadone, fluoxastrobin, fenamidone, pyribencarb and mixtures thereof; or
(o) a fungicide selected from isopyrazam (B1 ), benzovindiflupyr (B2), penthiopyrad (B3), boscalid (B4), IR9792 (fluindapyr (B5)), bixafen (B6), fluxapyroxad (B7), furametpyr (B8), penflufen (B9), 3-difluoromethyl-N- (7- fluoro-1 , 1 , 3-trimethyl- 4-indanyl)-l-methyl-4- pyrazolecarboxamide (B10), sedaxane (B1 1 ), benodanil (B12), flutolanil (B13), mepronil (B14), isofetamid (B15), fluopyram (B16), fenfuram (B17), carboxin (B18), oxycarboxin (B19), thifluzamide (B20), pydiflumetofen (B21); isofetamid (B22) or boscalid (B23); or
(p) a fungicide selected from cyproconazole (C1), difenoconazole (C2), epoxiconazole (C3), hexaconazole (C4), tebuconazole (C5), tetraconazole (C6), prothioconazole (C7), metalaxyl (C8), metalaxyl-M (C9), benomyl (C10), carbendazim (C1 1), thiophanate-methyl (C12), zoxamide (C13), fluopicolide (C14), phenamacril (C15), cyazofamid (C16), amisulbrom (C17), tricyclazole (C18), oxathiapiprolin (C19), and picarbutrazox (C20); or
(q) a fungicide selected from azoxystrobin (D1), picoxystrobin (D2), pyraclostrobin (D3), kresoxim-methyl (D4), trfloxystrobin (D5), cyproconazole (D6), difenoconazole (D7), hexaconazole (D8), epoxiconazole (D9), tebuconazole (D10), tetraconazole (D1 1 ), prothioconazole (D12), benomyl (D13), carbendazim (D14), thiphanate-methyl (D15), zoxamide (D16), fluopicolide (D17), phenamacril (D18), cyazofamid (D19), amisulbrom (D20), tricyclazole (D21 ), oxathiapiprolin (D22), picarbutrazox (D23), metalaxyl (D24), and metalaxyl-M (D25); or
(r) at least one fungicidal combination as recited in row 1 to row 318 in the table 1 .
A composition comprising the fungicidal combination as claimed in any one of the claims 1 - 6 with at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
8. A methods of controlling fungal diseases comprising applying a combination as claimed in claims 1 - 6 or a composition claimed in claim 7. A kit-of-parts comprising a plurality of components, wherein said plurality of components comprises:
(a) at least a first component comprising at least one dithiocarbamate fungicide;
(b) at least a second component comprising at least one systemic fungicide; and
(c) at least a third component comprising at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive.
10. The kit of parts as claimed in claim 10, wherein the dithiocarbamate fungicide is mancozeb, and the systemic fungicide is a benzimidazole fungicide, or a strobilurin fungicide or a conazole fungicide or a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide.
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