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WO2019075999A1 - 环形静电喷丝机构以及静电喷丝装置 - Google Patents

环形静电喷丝机构以及静电喷丝装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019075999A1
WO2019075999A1 PCT/CN2018/081528 CN2018081528W WO2019075999A1 WO 2019075999 A1 WO2019075999 A1 WO 2019075999A1 CN 2018081528 W CN2018081528 W CN 2018081528W WO 2019075999 A1 WO2019075999 A1 WO 2019075999A1
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Prior art keywords
spinning
box
hollow cavity
spinneret
chamber
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PCT/CN2018/081528
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
辛斌杰
徐闻龙
孟想
郑元生
陈卓明
刘岩
林兰天
刘吉娜
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Shanghai University of Engineering Science
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Shanghai University of Engineering Science
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Priority to JP2020522728A priority Critical patent/JP7011131B2/ja
Publication of WO2019075999A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019075999A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electrospinning equipment, and in particular to a ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism and an electrostatic spinning device comprising the same.
  • Electrospinning is a spinning technique in which a polymer solution or a melt is prepared into nanometer- or micro-sized fibers by an electrostatic field.
  • the basic principle is: under the action of an electrostatic generating device, an electrospinning spinning device and A high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the electrospun fiber receiving devices.
  • the spinning solution forms droplets at the nozzle and is charged.
  • the charged droplets are accelerated by the electric field force. When the electric field force is sufficiently large, the charged droplets overcome the surface tension.
  • a charged jet is formed, and the charged jet gradually solidifies as it evaporates in the electrospinning space, and is finally collected by the receiving device to form a randomly arranged fibrous material.
  • Electrospinning can prepare most high molecular polymers into nano- or micro-sized fibers, which have excellent properties such as small diameter and large specific surface area. Oriented electrospun fibers also have excellent optical and electrical properties. In addition, the electrospun nanofiber yarn improves the mechanical properties of the nanofiber bundle, enabling secondary processing by weaving, knitting, and the like. In recent years, electrospun fibers have been widely used in bionics, tissue engineering, clothing, military and other fields, and have achieved rapid development.
  • Chinese invention patent CN104831434B discloses a shear-type drafting electrospinning spinning micron yarn device, which utilizes the combination of the edge of the horn nozzle and the electrostatic field to form a liquid film splitting into a wire, and utilizes the rotating shear of the cone to the nanometer. The tow is twisted into a yarn. Although the device can realize monofilament nanocrystallization and high-strength spinning and twisting and concentrating into yarn, it cannot realize large-scale industrial production, and the requirements for the nozzle are also very high.
  • Multi-head electrospinning equipment can also realize large-scale production of electrospun fibers, and can also adjust the receiving material to have a specific pattern, so that it has more aspects. application.
  • the replacement of the existing multi-head electrospinning equipment is inconvenient, and it is difficult to adjust in real time in mass production, which is not suitable for diversified production.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism and an electrostatic spinning device including the same.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the invention provides a ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism for an electrospinning device, characterized in that it comprises: n mutually independent spinning units connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage DC power source of the electrospinning device for Spinning liquid spinning to form fibers; and p pre-processing units for curing the fibers, wherein n spinning units and p pre-processing units are annularly closed to form a hollow cavity, and the spinning unit is oriented toward the hollow cavity At least one spinhole is provided on the side, and both n and p are natural numbers greater than or equal to one.
  • the ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism provided by the present invention may further have the following features: wherein the spinning unit comprises: a spinning box, which is in the shape of a fan-shaped cylinder for storing the spinning solution; and a spinneret, which is detachably arranged On the side of the spinning box facing the hollow cavity, a spinning hole is arranged, and the spinning box is provided with a liquid discharging hole corresponding to the spinning hole on the spinning plate toward the side wall of the hollow cavity, and the spinning hole
  • the liquid discharge hole communicates with the inside of the spin box, and the spinneret is a plate made of a conductive material, and is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage DC power source of the electrospinning device.
  • the annular electrostatic spinning mechanism provided by the present invention may further have a feature in which a vertical partition is disposed in the spinning box, and the inner space of the spinning box is divided into a spinning chamber close to the hollow cavity and away from the hollow cavity.
  • the pressurizing chamber, the spinning chamber and the pressurizing chamber are in communication at one end of the vertical partition, and the liquid outlet is in communication with the spinning chamber.
  • the ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism provided by the present invention may further have the following features: further comprising: n pressing units respectively corresponding to the spinning box for supplying pressure to the corresponding spinning box to make the pressing chamber
  • the spinning solution in the chamber flows under pressure to the spinning chamber and the spinning solution in the spinning chamber is ejected under pressure
  • the pressurizing unit comprises a pressurized horizontal plate disposed in the pressurized chamber and used
  • the pressing cross-plate driving member that drives the pressing lateral plate to move up and down in the pressurizing chamber is provided at the end of the corresponding spinning box.
  • the ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism provided by the present invention may further have a feature in which a buckle is disposed on the left and right sides of the spinneret, and a buckle is disposed on a side of the spinning box near the hollow cavity
  • the matching vertical card slot, the spinneret is inserted into the corresponding vertical card slot by the snap action and mounted on the spin box and moving up and down along the spin box.
  • the ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism provided by the present invention may further have the following features: further comprising: n spinneret driving components respectively disposed corresponding to the spinning box for driving the spinneret along the corresponding spinning box Moving up and down, wherein the spinneret drive member is disposed at an end of the corresponding spin box and is detachably coupled to the end of the corresponding spinneret.
  • the ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism provided by the present invention may further have the following features: further comprising: n spinning control units respectively arranged corresponding to the spinning unit, wherein the spinning control unit comprises a spinning fan in the shape of a fan-shaped cylinder
  • the spinning control unit comprises a spinning fan in the shape of a fan-shaped cylinder
  • the liquid level sensor and the pressure sensor disposed in the spinning control box
  • the spinning control box is disposed at the end of the corresponding spinning box
  • the liquid level sensor is in communication with the main control chip
  • the pressure sensor is communicatively connected with the main control chip for detecting the pressure of the spinning solution in the corresponding spinning box.
  • the ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism provided by the present invention may further have a feature that the pre-processing unit comprises a pre-treatment box in the shape of a fan-shaped column, a temperature and humidity sensing device disposed in the pre-treatment box, an infrared heating device and a humidity.
  • the processing device, the pretreatment box is provided with at least one long through hole on the side wall of the hollow cavity for connecting the pretreatment control box with the hollow cavity, and the temperature and humidity sensing device is used for detecting the temperature and humidity in the hollow cavity, infrared
  • the heating device is communicably connected with the temperature and humidity sensing device for heating the hollow cavity
  • the humidity processing device is communicably connected with the temperature and humidity sensing device for adjusting the humidity in the hollow cavity.
  • the ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism provided by the present invention may further have a feature in which the cross-sectional shape of the spinneret hole is any one or more of a polygonal shape, a circular shape, and an elliptical shape.
  • the invention also provides a ring-shaped electrostatic spinning device for an electrospinning device, comprising: a ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism; and a wire-spinning receiver having a receiving wire, the receiving wire and the electrospinning device
  • the negative electrode of the high-voltage DC power source is connected to receive and transfer the fiber, wherein the ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism is the ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism of any of the above, and the receiving wire passes through the hollow cavity.
  • the invention relates to a ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism and an electrostatic spinning device comprising the same, firstly, because n modular spinning units and p modular pre-processing units, n spinning units and The p pre-treatment unit is annularly arranged to form a hollow cavity as a spinning space, and the spinning unit is provided with a spinning hole toward a side of the hollow cavity, which eliminates the prior art nozzle, facilitates mass production, and greatly reduces The production cost; moreover, by replacing the spinning unit and the blending dope, it is convenient to produce various specifications of products and improve the variety of fiber materials produced.
  • the inner space of the spinning box is divided into a spinning chamber and a pressurized chamber by providing a vertical partition in the spinning box, and a pressurized horizontal plate is arranged in the pressurized chamber, so that the spinning box can be conveniently arranged
  • the pressure is supplied so that the spinning solution in the pressurized chamber flows under pressure to the spinning chamber and the spinning solution in the spinning chamber is sprayed under pressure to form fibers.
  • the side of the spin box adjacent to the hollow cavity is provided with a vertical card slot matched with the buckle, and the spinneret is inserted through the snap action It is placed in the corresponding vertical card slot and installed on the spinning box and moves up and down along the spin box, so that the spinning hole and the liquid outlet hole can be conveniently aligned or staggered so that the spinning hole and the spinning wire
  • the inside of the box is connected or disconnected.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of a ring-shaped electrostatic spinning device in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a spinning unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the spin box of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective structural view of a spinning control unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a receiving wire in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a ring-shaped electrostatic spinning device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an annular electrostatic spinning device 1000 includes an annular electrostatic spinning mechanism 100 and a spinner receiver 200.
  • the ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism 100 includes a fixing bracket (not shown) and n mutually independent spinning units 10, p pre-processing units 20 and n detachably mounted on the fixing bracket. +p spinner control units 30.
  • n spinning units 10 and the p pre-processing units 20 are annularly closed to form a hollow cavity 101 as an electrostatic spinning space, and the n+p spinning control units 30 are annularly arranged and respectively associated with n spinning units 10 and p
  • the pre-processing unit 20 is correspondingly arranged. Where n and p are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1. In this embodiment, six spinning units 10 and two pre-processing units 20 are employed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a spinning unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the spin box of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the spinning unit 10 is used for spinning a spinning solution into fibers, including a spinneret 11 in the shape of a fan-shaped cylinder and a detachably disposed in the spinneret 11 toward the hollow cavity 101.
  • Spinneret 12 on the side.
  • the spin box 11 is for storing a spinning solution which is provided with at least one liquid outlet hole 11a (see Fig. 3) on the side wall of the hollow chamber 101.
  • the spinneret 12 is provided with a spinning hole 12a (see Fig. 2) provided in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid discharging hole 11a, and the spinning hole 12a communicates with the inside of the spinning box 11 through the liquid discharging hole 11a.
  • the spinneret 12 is a plate made of a conductive material; in operation, the spinneret 12 is connected to the positive electrode of a high voltage direct current power source of the electrospinning apparatus.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the spinning hole 12a is any one or more of a polygonal shape (such as a triangle, a square, etc.), a circular shape, and an elliptical shape, and a cross-sectional shape of the spinning hole 12a is a cross section of the discharged fiber.
  • the shape will have a shaping effect. Since the spinneret 12 is detachably connected to the spinneret 11, the spinnerets 12 of different spinnerets can be replaced as needed. For different spinnerets 12, the design of the spinneret holes 12a can be different to better meet the needs of use.
  • the pre-processing unit 20 is configured to regulate the temperature and humidity in the hollow cavity 101 to solidify the liquid wire ejected from the spinning hole 12a to form fibers, including a pretreatment tank 21 and a pretreatment tank.
  • the pretreatment tank 21 has a sector shape of a cylinder and is sized to match the size of the spin box 11.
  • the pretreatment tank 21 is provided with at least one elongated through hole 21a toward the side wall of the hollow chamber 101 to allow the pretreatment control box 21 to communicate with the hollow chamber 101.
  • the temperature and humidity sensing device is used to detect the temperature and humidity in the hollow cavity 101.
  • the infrared heating device is communicatively coupled to the temperature and humidity sensing device for heating the hollow cavity 101.
  • the humidity treatment device is communicatively coupled to the temperature and humidity sensing device for adjusting the humidity in the hollow cavity 101.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of a spinning control unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the spinning control unit 30 is respectively disposed corresponding to the spinning unit 10 and the pre-processing unit 20 for detecting and controlling the parameters such as the liquid level and the pressure in the corresponding spinning box 11 to ensure the spraying.
  • the normal orifice of the wire hole comprises a spinning control box 31 and a control box 32 disposed in the spinning control box 31.
  • the control box 32 is provided with a main control chip, a liquid level sensor and a pressure sensor.
  • the spinneret control box 31 has a sector-like cylindrical shape and is sized to match the size of the spin box 11 and the pretreatment tank 21.
  • the spinneret control box 31 is disposed at one end portion of the corresponding spinneret 11. In the present embodiment, the spinneret control box 31 is disposed at the lower end portion of the corresponding spinneret 11.
  • the liquid level sensor is communicatively coupled to the main control chip for detecting the height of the spinning solution in the corresponding spinning box 11.
  • the pressure sensor is communicatively coupled to the main control chip for detecting the pressure of the spinning solution in the corresponding spinning box 11.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a receiving wire in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the spinner receiver 200 has a receiving wire 210 that passes through the hollow cavity 101 along the axis of the hollow cavity 101 for receiving and transferring fibers.
  • the receiving wire 210 includes a conductive core wire 211 and an outer edge outer layer 212 wrapped around the outer surface of the wire core wire 211.
  • the conductive core 211 is connected to the negative pole of the high voltage DC power supply of the electrospinning apparatus.
  • the second embodiment is a further modification of the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the first embodiment, and the same description is omitted.
  • a buckle (not shown) is disposed on the left and right sides of the spinneret 12, and the side of the spinneret 11 adjacent to the hollow cavity 101 is disposed to match the buckle.
  • the vertical card slot 11b, the spinneret 12 is inserted into the corresponding vertical card slot 11b by the snap action, and is mounted on the spin box 11 and moved up and down along the spin box 11 to make the spinneret hole 12a is opposite or offset from the liquid outlet hole 11.
  • each spinneret 11 is correspondingly provided with a spinneret driving member for driving the spinneret 12 to move up and down along the spinneret 11, and the end of the spinneret driving member and the corresponding spinneret can be Disassemble the connection.
  • the spinneret drive member is a vertical push rod 40 disposed on a side of the corresponding spin control box 31 facing the hollow cavity 101.
  • the vertical push rod 40 is made of a conductive material; in operation, the vertical push rod 40 is connected to the negative pole of the high voltage direct current power source of the electrospinning apparatus.
  • the third embodiment is a further modification of the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
  • the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and the same description is omitted.
  • a vertical partition 11c is provided in the spinneret 11, and the inner space of the spinneret 11 is divided into a spinning chamber 11d and a pressurizing chamber 11e.
  • the spinning chamber 11d is adjacent to the hollow chamber 101, and the liquid discharging hole 11a is in communication with the spinning chamber 11d; the pressurizing chamber 11e is away from the pressurizing chamber 11e of the hollow chamber 101, and the spinning chamber 11d and the increasing chamber 11e are The upper ends of the vertical partitions 11c are in communication.
  • the vertical partition 11c is adjacent to the side wall of the spin box 11 toward the hollow cavity 101, that is, the volume of the spinning chamber 11d is much smaller than the volume of the pressurized chamber 11e, so as to fully utilize the spinning solution and improve the spinning.
  • the utilization of the silk liquid ensures that all the spinning holes 12a on the spinneret 12 are normally spun even if less spinning solution remains in the spinning box 11.
  • Each of the spinning boxes 11 is correspondingly provided with a pressing unit for supplying pressure to the corresponding spinning box, so that the spinning liquid in the pressurized chamber flows under pressure to the spinning chamber and the spinning in the spinning chamber
  • the silk liquid is ejected under pressure, and includes a pressurizing cross plate 11f movably disposed in the pressurizing chamber 11e and a pressurizing cross plate driving member for driving the pressurizing cross plate 11f to move up and down in the pressurizing chamber 11e
  • the pressing cross plate driving member is provided at one end portion of the corresponding spinning box 11.
  • the pressing cross-plate driving member is a bellows-shaped air bag 50 provided in the corresponding spinning control box 31, and the upper end of the bellows-shaped air bag 50 projects into the pressurizing chamber 11e and is pressed against the pressure.
  • the plates 11f are connected.
  • the bellows bladder 50 is in communication with an external pneumatic device.
  • the ring-shaped electrostatic spinning mechanism according to the embodiment and the electrostatic spinning device including the electrostatic spinning mechanism firstly, because n modular spinning units and p modular pre-processing units are provided, n spinning units And the p pretreatment unit is annularly arranged to form a hollow cavity as a spinning space, and the spinning unit is provided with a spinning hole toward a side of the hollow cavity, which omits the prior art nozzle, is convenient for mass production, and is also greatly The production cost is reduced; and, by replacing the spinning unit and the blending dope, it is convenient to produce various specifications of products and improve the variety of fiber materials produced.
  • the inner space of the spinning box is divided into a spinning chamber and a pressurized chamber by providing a vertical partition in the spinning box, and a pressurized horizontal plate is arranged in the pressurized chamber, so that the spinning box can be conveniently arranged
  • the pressure is supplied so that the spinning solution in the pressurized chamber flows under pressure to the spinning chamber and the spinning solution in the spinning chamber is ejected under pressure to form fibers.
  • the side of the spin box adjacent to the hollow cavity is provided with a vertical card slot matched with the buckle, and the spinneret is inserted through the snap action It is placed in the corresponding vertical card slot and installed on the spinning box and moves up and down along the spin box, so that the spinning hole and the liquid outlet hole can be conveniently aligned or staggered so that the spinning hole and the spinning wire
  • the inside of the box is connected or disconnected.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于静电纺丝设备的环形静电喷丝机构(100)以及包含该静电喷丝机构的静电喷丝装置(1000)。该环形静电喷丝机构包括：n个相互独立的喷丝单元(10)，与静电纺丝设备的高压直流电源的正极相连，用于将纺丝液喷丝形成纤维；以及p个预处理单元(20)，用于将纤维固化处理，n个喷丝单元和p个预处理单元环形闭合设置形成中空腔(101)，喷丝单元朝向中空腔的一侧设置有至少一个喷丝孔(12a)，n和p均为大于或等于1的自然数。该环形静电喷丝装置包括：上述的环形静电喷丝机构；以及喷丝接收器，具有接收导线，该接收导线与静电纺丝设备的高压直流电源的负极相连，接收导线从中空腔内穿过，用于接收并转移纤维。

Description

环形静电喷丝机构以及静电喷丝装置 技术领域
本发明涉及静电纺丝设备领域，具体涉及一种环形静电喷丝机构以及包含该静电喷丝机构的静电喷丝装置。
背景技术
静电纺丝是一种用静电场把高分子溶液或熔体制备成纳米级或微米级尺寸纤维的纺丝技术，其基本原理为：在静电产生装置的作用下，电纺液喷丝装置和电纺纤维接收装置之间形成高压静电场，纺丝液在喷嘴处形成液滴并被充电，带电液滴在电场力的作用下被加速，当电场力足够大时，带电液滴克服表面张力形成带电射流，带电射流在静电纺丝空间运行时，伴随着溶剂的挥发而逐渐凝固，最终被接收装置收集，形成随机排列的纤维材料。
静电纺丝可以将大多数的高分子聚合物制备成纳米级或微米级纤维，该种纤维具有直径小、比表面积大等优异性能。取向静电纺纤维还具有优异的光学和电学特性。此外，静电纺纳米纤维纱线提高了纳米纤维束的力学性能，使其可以通过机织、针织等进行二次加工。近年来，静电纺纤维已广泛应用于仿生、组织工程、服装、军工等领域，并获得了快速发展。
中国发明专利CN104831434B公开了一种剪切式牵伸静电纺直纺微米纱装置，利用喇叭喷头的边缘与静电场结合的方式形成液膜的 分裂成丝，并利用锥筒的旋转剪切对纳米丝束实施加捻成纱。该装置虽然可以实现单丝纳米化和高强度的纺丝以及加捻汇聚成纱，但无法实现大规模的工业化生产，对喷头的要求也非常高。
随着纤维多样化的发展，静电纺丝设备也更加多样化，多喷头静电纺丝设备也可以实现大规模的生产静电纺纤维，也可以调整接收材料具有特定图案，使其具有更多方面的应用。但是，由于不同的聚合物需使用不同的喷头，现有的多喷头静电纺丝设备的机头更换较为不方便，在大批量生产时也难以实时调整，无法胜任多样化生产的需求。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的缺点或不足，本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种环形静电喷丝机构以及包含该静电喷丝机构的静电喷丝装置。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
本发明提供了一种环形静电喷丝机构，用于静电纺丝设备，其特征在于，包括：n个相互独立的喷丝单元，与静电纺丝设备的高压直流电源的正极相连，用于将纺丝液喷丝形成纤维；以及p个预处理单元，用于将纤维固化处理，其中，n个喷丝单元和p个预处理单元环形闭合设置形成中空腔，喷丝单元朝向中空腔的一侧设置有至少一个喷丝孔，n和p均为大于或等于1的自然数。
本发明提供的环形静电喷丝机构，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，喷丝单元包括：喷丝箱，呈扇形柱体状，用于储存纺丝液；以及喷丝板，可拆卸地设置在喷丝箱朝向中空腔的一侧上，设置有喷丝孔，喷 丝箱朝向中空腔的侧壁上设置有与喷丝板上的喷丝孔一一对应的出液孔，喷丝孔通过出液孔与喷丝箱的内部相连通，喷丝板为由导电性材料制成的板，与静电纺丝设备的高压直流电源的正极相连。
本发明提供的环形静电喷丝机构，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，喷丝箱内设置有竖向隔板，将喷丝箱的内部空间分成靠近中空腔的喷丝腔室和远离中空腔的加压腔室，喷丝腔室和加压腔室在竖向隔板的一端处相连通，出液孔与喷丝腔室相连通。
本发明提供的环形静电喷丝机构，还可以具有这样的特征：还包括：n个加压单元，分别与喷丝箱对应设置，用于向所对应的喷丝箱供压，使加压腔室内的纺丝液在压力作用下流向喷丝腔室内且喷丝腔室内的纺丝液在压力作用下喷出，其中，加压单元包括活动设置在加压腔室内的加压横板以及用于驱动加压横板在加压腔室内上下移动的加压横板驱动部件，加压横板驱动部件设置在所对应的喷丝箱的端部。
本发明提供的环形静电喷丝机构，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，喷丝板的左、右两侧上均设置有卡扣，喷丝箱靠近中空腔的一侧上设置有与卡扣相匹配的竖向卡槽，喷丝板通过卡扣活动插置在所对应的竖向卡槽内而安装在喷丝箱上且沿着喷丝箱上下移动。
本发明提供的环形静电喷丝机构，还可以具有这样的特征：还包括：n个喷丝板驱动部件，分别与喷丝箱对应设置，用于驱动喷丝板沿着所对应的喷丝箱上下移动，其中，喷丝板驱动部件设置在所对应的喷丝箱的端部，并且与所对应的喷丝板的端部可拆卸连接。
本发明提供的环形静电喷丝机构，还可以具有这样的特征：还包括：n个喷丝控制单元，分别与喷丝单元对应设置，其中，喷丝控制单元包括呈扇形柱体状的喷丝控制箱以及设置在喷丝控制箱内的主控芯片、液位感应器和压力感应器，喷丝控制箱设置在所对应的喷丝箱的端部，液位感应器与主控芯片通信连接，用于检测所对应的喷丝箱内的纺丝液的高度，压力感应器与主控芯片通信连接，用于检测所对应的喷丝箱内的纺丝液的压力。
本发明提供的环形静电喷丝机构，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，预处理单元包括呈扇形柱体状的预处理箱以及设置在预处理箱内的温湿度感应装置、红外线加热装置和湿度处理装置，预处理箱朝向中空腔的侧壁上设置有至少一个长条通孔，用于使预处理控制箱与中空腔相连通，温湿度感应装置用于检测中空腔内的温湿度，红外线加热装置与温湿度感应装置通信连接，用于对中空腔进行加热，湿度处理装置与温湿度感应装置通信连接，用于对中空腔内的湿度进行调整。
本发明提供的环形静电喷丝机构，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，喷丝孔的横截面形状为多边形、圆形和椭圆形中的任一种或多种。
本发明还提供了一种环形静电喷丝装置，用于静电纺丝设备，其特征在于，包括：环形静电喷丝机构；以及喷丝接收器，具有接收导线，该接收导线与静电纺丝设备的高压直流电源的负极相连，用于接收并转移纤维，其中，环形静电喷丝机构为上述任一项的环形静电喷丝机构，接收导线从中空腔内穿过。
发明作用与效果
本发明涉及的环形静电喷丝机构以及包含该静电喷丝机构的静电喷丝装置，首先，因为设置有n个模块化的喷丝单元和p模块化的预处理单元，n个喷丝单元和p预处理单元环形密合设置形成作为喷丝空间的中空腔，喷丝单元朝向中空腔的一侧设置有喷丝孔，省去了现有技术中的喷头，方便大批量生产，也大大降低了生产成本；而且，通过更换喷丝单元和调配纺丝液，能够方便地生产各种规格的产品，提高了生产纤维材料的多样性。
其次，由于喷丝箱内设置有竖向隔板而将喷丝箱的内部空间分成喷丝腔室和加压腔室，加压腔室内设置有加压横板，能够方便地对喷丝箱供压，使加压腔室内的纺丝液在压力作用下流向喷丝腔室内且喷丝腔室内的纺丝液在压力作用下喷出形成纤维。
再次，由于喷丝板的左、右两侧上均设置有卡扣，喷丝箱靠近中空腔的一侧上设置有与卡扣相匹配的竖向卡槽，喷丝板通过卡扣活动插置在所对应的竖向卡槽内而安装在喷丝箱上且沿着喷丝箱上下移动，能够方便地将喷丝孔与出液孔相对合或错开，以使喷丝孔与喷丝箱的内部相连通或断开。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例中环形静电喷丝装置的立体结构示意图；
图2是本发明的实施例中喷丝单元的立体结构示意图；
图3是本发明的实施例中喷丝箱的侧视剖面图；
图4是本发明的实施例中喷丝控制单元的立体结构示意图；
图5是本发明的实施例中接收导线的横截面示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明，以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
<实施例一>
图1是本发明的实施例中环形静电喷丝装置的立体结构示意图。
如图1所示，一种环形静电喷丝装置1000包括环形静电喷丝机构100和喷丝接收器200。
如图1所示，环形静电喷丝机构100包括固定支架(图中未示出)以及可拆卸地安装在固定支架上的n个相互独立的喷丝单元10、p个预处理单元20和n+p个喷丝控制单元30。
n个喷丝单元10和p个预处理单元20环形闭合设置形成作为静电喷丝空间的中空腔101，n+p个喷丝控制单元30环形设置且分别与n个喷丝单元10和p个预处理单元20对应设置。其中，n、p均为大于或等于1的自然数。本实施例中，采用6个喷丝单元10和2个预处理单元20。
图2是本发明的实施例中喷丝单元的立体结构示意图；
图3是本发明的实施例中喷丝箱的侧视剖面图。
如1至图3所示，喷丝单元10用于将纺丝液喷丝形成纤维，包括呈扇形柱体状的喷丝箱11和可拆卸地设置在喷丝箱11朝向中空腔 101的一侧上的喷丝板12。
喷丝箱11用于储存纺丝液，其朝向中空腔101的侧壁上设置有至少一个出液孔11a(见图3)。
喷丝板12上设置有与出液孔11a一一对应设置的喷丝孔12a(见图2)，喷丝孔12a通过出液孔11a与喷丝箱11的内部相连通。
喷丝板12为由导电性材料制成的板；工作时，喷丝板12与静电纺丝设备的高压直流电源的正极相连。
喷丝孔12a的横截面形状为多边形(如三角形、四方形等)、圆形和椭圆形中的任一种或多种，喷丝孔12a的横截面形状对所喷出的纤维的横截面形状将会产生塑形影响。由于喷丝板12与喷丝箱11之间可拆卸连接，可以根据需要，更换不同喷丝孔的喷丝板12。对不同的喷丝板12，其喷丝孔12a的设计可以有所不同，能够更好地满足使用需求。
如图1所示，预处理单元20用于调控中空腔101内的温湿度以对从喷丝孔12a喷出的液态丝进行固化处理而形成纤维，包括预处理箱21以及设置在预处理箱21内的温湿度感应装置、红外线加热装置和湿度处理装置(图中未示出)。
预处理箱21呈扇形柱体状，其尺寸与喷丝箱11的尺寸相匹配。预处理箱21朝向中空腔101的侧壁上设置有至少一个长条通孔21a，以使预处理控制箱21与中空腔101相连通。
温湿度感应装置用于检测中空腔101内的温湿度。
红外线加热装置与温湿度感应装置通信连接，用于对中空腔101 进行加热。
湿度处理装置与温湿度感应装置通信连接，用于对中空腔101内的湿度进行调整。
图4是本发明的实施例中喷丝控制单元的立体结构示意图。
如1和图4所示，喷丝控制单元30分别与喷丝单元10和预处理单元20对应设置，用于检测和控制所对应的喷丝箱11内的液位和压力等参数以保证喷丝孔正常喷丝，包括喷丝控制箱31以及设置在喷丝控制箱31内控制盒32，该控制盒内32内设置有主控芯片、液位感应器和压力感应器。
喷丝控制箱31呈扇形柱体状，其尺寸与喷丝箱11和预处理箱21的尺寸相匹配。喷丝控制箱31设置在所对应的喷丝箱11的一端部，本实施例中，喷丝控制箱31设置在所对应的喷丝箱11的下端部。
液位感应器与主控芯片通信连接，用于检测相对应的喷丝箱11内的纺丝液的高度。
压力感应器与主控芯片通信连接，用于检测相对应的喷丝箱11内的纺丝液的压力。
图5是本发明的实施例中接收导线的横截面示意图。
如图1和图5所示，喷丝接收器200具有接收导线210，该接收导线210沿所述中空腔101的轴线从中空腔101内穿过，用于接收并转移纤维。
接收导线210包括导电芯线211和包裹在该导线芯线211的外表面的外缘外层212。工作时，导电芯线211与静电纺丝设备的高压直 流电源的负极相连。
<实施例二>
本实施例二是实施例一的进一步改进，对于与实施例一中相同的结构，给予相同的符号，并省略相同的说明。
如图2所示，喷丝板12的左、右两侧上均设置有卡扣(图中未示出)，喷丝箱11靠近中空腔101的一侧上设置有与该卡扣相匹配的竖向卡槽11b，喷丝板12通过卡扣活动插置在所对应的竖向卡槽11b内而安装在喷丝箱11上且沿着喷丝箱11上下移动，以使喷丝孔12a与出液孔11相对合或错开。
每个喷丝箱11的端部对应设置有用于驱动喷丝板12沿着喷丝箱11上下移动的喷丝板驱动部件，该喷丝板驱动部件与所对应的喷丝板的端部可拆卸连接。
如图4所示，本实施例中，喷丝板驱动部件为设置在所对应的喷丝控制箱31朝向中空腔101的一侧上的竖向推杆40。该竖向推杆40由导电材料制成；工作时，竖向推杆40与静电纺丝设备的高压直流电源的负极相连。
<实施例三>
本实施例三是实施例一和实施例二的进一步改进，对于与实施例一和实施例二中相同的结构，给予相同的符号，并省略相同的说明。
如图3所示，喷丝箱11内设置有竖向隔板11c，将喷丝箱11的 内部空间分成喷丝腔室11d和加压腔室11e。喷丝腔室11d靠近中空腔101，出液孔11a与喷丝腔室11d相连通；加压腔室11e远离中空腔101的加压腔室11e，喷丝腔室11d和增加腔室11e在竖向隔板11c的上端处相连通。
本实施例中，竖向隔板11c靠近喷丝箱11朝向中空腔101的侧壁，即喷丝腔室11d的体积远小于加压腔室11e的体积，以便充分利用纺丝液，提高纺丝液的利用率，即使喷丝箱11还剩余较少的纺丝液，也能保证喷丝板12上的所有喷丝孔12a正常喷丝。
每个喷丝箱11对应设置有加压单元，用于向所对应的喷丝箱供压，使加压腔室内的纺丝液在压力作用下流向喷丝腔室内且喷丝腔室内的纺丝液在压力作用下喷出，包括活动设置在加压腔室11e内的加压横板11f以及用于驱动加压横板11f在加压腔室11e内上下移动的加压横板驱动部件，该加压横板驱动部件设置在所对应的喷丝箱11的一端部。
如图4所示，加压横板驱动部件为设置在所对应的喷丝控制箱31内的波纹管状气囊50，该波纹管状气囊50的上端伸入加压腔室11e内且与加压横板11f相连接。工作时，波纹管状气囊50与外部的气压装置相连通。
实施例作用与效果
本实施例涉及的环形静电喷丝机构以及包含该静电喷丝机构的静电喷丝装置，首先，因为设置有n个模块化的喷丝单元和p模块化 的预处理单元，n个喷丝单元和p预处理单元环形密合设置形成作为喷丝空间的中空腔，喷丝单元朝向中空腔的一侧设置有喷丝孔，省去了现有技术中的喷头，方便大批量生产，也大大降低了生产成本；而且，通过更换喷丝单元和调配纺丝液，能够方便地生产各种规格的产品，提高了生产纤维材料的多样性。
其次，由于喷丝箱内设置有竖向隔板而将喷丝箱的内部空间分成喷丝腔室和加压腔室，加压腔室内设置有加压横板，能够方便地对喷丝箱供压，使加压腔室内的纺丝液在压力作用下流向喷丝腔室内且喷丝腔室内的纺丝液在在压力作用下喷出形成纤维。
再次，由于喷丝板的左、右两侧上均设置有卡扣，喷丝箱靠近中空腔的一侧上设置有与卡扣相匹配的竖向卡槽，喷丝板通过卡扣活动插置在所对应的竖向卡槽内而安装在喷丝箱上且沿着喷丝箱上下移动，能够方便地将喷丝孔与出液孔相对合或错开，以使喷丝孔与喷丝箱的内部相连通或断开。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种环形静电喷丝机构，用于静电纺丝设备，其特征在于，包括：
    n个相互独立的喷丝单元，与所述静电纺丝设备的高压直流电源的正极相连，用于将纺丝液喷丝形成纤维；以及
    p个预处理单元，用于将所述纤维固化处理，
    其中，n个所述喷丝单元和p个所述预处理单元环形闭合设置形成中空腔，
    所述喷丝单元朝向所述中空腔的一侧设置有至少一个喷丝孔，
    所述n和所述p均为大于或等于1的自然数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的环形静电喷丝机构，其特征在于：
    其中，所述喷丝单元包括：
    喷丝箱，呈扇形柱体状，用于储存所述纺丝液；以及
    喷丝板，可拆卸地设置在所述喷丝箱朝向所述中空腔的一侧上，设置有所述喷丝孔，
    所述喷丝箱朝向所述中空腔的侧壁上设置有与所述喷丝板上的所述喷丝孔一一对应的出液孔，所述喷丝孔通过所述出液孔与所述喷丝箱的内部相连通，
    所述喷丝板为由导电性材料制成的板，与所述静电纺丝设备的高压直流电源的正极相连。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的环形静电喷丝机构，其特征在于：
    其中，所述喷丝箱内设置有竖向隔板，将所述喷丝箱的内部空间分成靠近所述中空腔的喷丝腔室和远离所述中空腔的加压腔室，
    所述喷丝腔室和所述加压腔室在所述竖向隔板的一端处相连通，
    所述出液孔与所述喷丝腔室相连通。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的环形静电喷丝机构，其特征在于，还包括：
    n个加压单元，分别与所述喷丝箱对应设置，用于向所对应的所述喷丝箱供压，使所述加压腔室内的纺丝液在压力作用下流向所述喷丝腔室内且所述喷丝腔室内的纺丝液在压力作用下喷出，
    其中，所述加压单元包括活动设置在所述加压腔室内的加压横板以及用于驱动所述加压横板在所述加压腔室内上下移动的加压横板驱动部件，
    所述加压横板驱动部件设置在所对应的所述喷丝箱的端部。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的环形静电喷丝机构，其特征在于：
    其中，所述喷丝板的左、右两侧上均设置有卡扣，
    所述喷丝箱靠近所述中空腔的一侧上设置有与所述卡扣相匹配的竖向卡槽，
    所述喷丝板通过所述卡扣活动插置在所对应的所述竖向卡槽内而安装在所述喷丝箱上且沿着所述喷丝箱上下移动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的环形静电喷丝机构，其特征在于，还包括：
    n个喷丝板驱动部件，分别与所述喷丝箱对应设置，用于驱动所述喷丝板沿着所对应的所述喷丝箱上下移动，
    其中，所述喷丝板驱动部件设置在所对应的所述喷丝箱的端部，并且与所对应的所述喷丝板的端部可拆卸连接。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的环形静电喷丝机构，其特征在于，还包括：
    n个喷丝控制单元，分别与所述喷丝单元对应设置，
    其中，所述喷丝控制单元包括呈扇形柱体状的喷丝控制箱以及设置在所述喷丝控制箱内的主控芯片、液位感应器和压力感应器，
    所述喷丝控制箱设置在所对应的喷丝箱的端部，
    所述液位感应器与所述主控芯片通信连接，用于检测所对应的所述喷丝箱内的所述纺丝液的高度，
    所述压力感应器与所述主控芯片通信连接，用于检测所对应的所述喷丝箱内的所述纺丝液的压力。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的环形静电喷丝机构，其特征在于：
    其中，所述预处理单元包括呈扇形柱体状的预处理箱以及设置在所述预处理箱内的温湿度感应装置、红外线加热装置和湿度处理装置，
    所述预处理箱朝向所述中空腔的侧壁上设置有至少一个长条通孔，用于使所述预处理控制箱与所述中空腔相连通，
    所述温湿度感应装置用于检测所述中空腔内的温湿度，
    所述红外线加热装置与所述温湿度感应装置通信连接，用于对所述中空腔进行加热，
    所述湿度处理装置与所述温湿度感应装置通信连接，用于对所述中空腔内的湿度进行调整。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的环形静电喷丝机构，其特征在于：
    其中，所述喷丝孔的横截面形状为多边形、圆形和椭圆形中的任一种或多种。
  10. 一种环形静电喷丝装置，用于静电纺丝设备，其特征在于，包括：
    环形静电喷丝机构；以及
    喷丝接收器，具有接收导线，该接收导线与所述静电纺丝设备的高压直流电源的负极相连，用于接收并转移所述纤维，
    其中，所述环形静电喷丝机构为权利要求1至9中任一项所述的环形静电喷丝机构，
    所述接收导线从所述中空腔内穿过。
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