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WO2019073636A1 - 吸収性物品用伸縮性シート及びそれを使用した吸収性物品 - Google Patents

吸収性物品用伸縮性シート及びそれを使用した吸収性物品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019073636A1
WO2019073636A1 PCT/JP2018/023397 JP2018023397W WO2019073636A1 WO 2019073636 A1 WO2019073636 A1 WO 2019073636A1 JP 2018023397 W JP2018023397 W JP 2018023397W WO 2019073636 A1 WO2019073636 A1 WO 2019073636A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber
fiber layer
elastic
sheet
absorbent article
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2018/023397
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
謙仁 池内
聡 光野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unicharm Corp
Original Assignee
Unicharm Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unicharm Corp filed Critical Unicharm Corp
Priority to CN201880066017.3A priority Critical patent/CN111212730B/zh
Priority to BR112020007064-5A priority patent/BR112020007064B1/pt
Priority to EP18866094.8A priority patent/EP3674076B1/en
Publication of WO2019073636A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019073636A1/ja
Priority to US16/845,450 priority patent/US11925540B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/66—Additional nonwoven fabric is a spun-bonded fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/68—Melt-blown nonwoven fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/681—Spun-bonded nonwoven fabric

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an elastic sheet for an absorbent article including disposable diapers, sanitary napkins and the like, and an absorbent article using the same.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a stretchable sheet including a first fiber layer, a second fiber layer, and a plurality of elastic bodies attached to the first and second fiber layers in a stretched state and contractible. It is done. The first fiber layer and the second fiber layer are bonded to each other via an adhesive applied to the entire circumference of the plurality of elastic bodies.
  • the stiffness value of the fiber non-woven fabric constituting the first and second fiber layers, the pitch of the elastic body, and the coating amount of the adhesive applied to the entire circumference of the elastic body By appropriately controlling, it has a good fit to the skin of the wearer, and it is relatively thin as a whole and excellent in flexibility, and is good when it is disposed on the skin-facing side of the absorbent article. It is said to give a good sense of touch.
  • a gather having a thickness dimension of 0.5 to 10 mm is formed almost uniformly over the entire surface of the sheet and has an appearance with excellent aesthetics, while the gather touches the skin and bites into it.
  • gather marks may be left on the skin. If the pitch between the elastics is increased to suppress gather biting into the skin, the fit to the skin may be reduced, and coating is applied to the entire circumference of the elastic to reduce the rigidity of the fiber non-woven fabric. If the amount of the adhesive applied is reduced, the elastic body may be released during wearing of the absorbent article.
  • An object of the present invention according to the present disclosure is an improvement of a conventional stretchable sheet, which has a good fit to the skin of the wearer and is capable of suppressing formation of gather marks on the skin.
  • a first aspect comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the first fiber layer positioned on the first surface being composed of continuous fibers of a thermoplastic resin And a second fiber layer positioned on the second surface, and a plurality of elastic bodies are contractably fixed between the first and second fiber layers, and the first and second fiber layers Between the elastic bodies adjacent to each other, a plurality of gathers are formed in a direction intersecting the direction in which the elastic body extends, and the average value of the flexural rigidity of the first and second fiber layers by the KES method is 0.0035 to Stretchability for an absorbent article, which is 0.022 N ⁇ m 2 / m ⁇ 10 4 and whose thickness is 0.22 to 1.5 mm under compressive load by the KES method for the gather It is a sheet.
  • the amount of compressive work in the KES method is 0.236 to 5.0 N ⁇ m under a compressive load on the gathers. / M 2 and the compression recovery rate in the KES method is 19 to 36%.
  • both the compression work amount WC and the compression recovery ratio RC are relatively low numerical values, and the convex portion 20 is easily compressed by an external force, and the shape recovery after compression is low. It can be said. Therefore, when the convex part 20 contacts a wearer's skin, it is easily compressed, and since the shape restoration after compression is low, the repulsive force to the skin is low, and it is combined with the dispersion of the contact pressure It is possible to suppress the formation of gather marks on the skin.
  • the first fiber layer is a spunmelt non-woven fabric composed of polyethylene fibers
  • the second fiber layer is at least one. Each part is formed of a spunmelt non-woven fabric containing polyolefin fibers.
  • the first fiber layer has low rigidity and excellent flexibility as compared to the second fiber layer, and therefore the gathers on the surface facing the skin are smoother than the gathers on the surface facing the non-skin. It has a raised shape, and when the absorbent article is worn, the contact pressure against the skin is dispersed, and it is possible to suppress the formation of gather marks on the skin.
  • the first and second fiber layers are formed of a spunmelt non-woven fabric composed of polyethylene fibers.
  • both the first and second fiber layers have good flexibility, gathers having a smaller degree of unevenness are formed, thereby further suppressing the formation of gather marks on the skin. be able to.
  • the first and second fiber layers have a plurality of fusion-bonded portions in which the continuous fibers are fused.
  • the difference in rigidity between the fused portion and the non-fused portion in the second fiber layer is greater than the difference in stiffness between the fused portion and the non-fused portion in the first fiber layer.
  • the first fiber layer as a whole is more flexible than the second fiber layer, and the small undulations are repeated due to the shrinking action of the plurality of elastic bodies.
  • the thickness of the gather on the side facing the skin becomes smaller than the thickness on the side facing the non-skin, and it is possible to suppress that a gather mark is left on the skin.
  • the mass of each of the first and second fiber layers is 10 to 30 g / m 2 , respectively.
  • an apparent density of the second fiber layer are respectively 0.04 to 0.15 g / cm 3 , and a pitch between the plurality of elastic bodies aligned in the intersecting direction is 2.0 to 12.0 mm It is.
  • the fineness of the polyethylene fiber is 1.5 to 4.0 dtex, and the fineness of the polypropylene fiber is 0.9 to It is 2.5 dtex.
  • the stretchable sheet has a skin-facing surface and a non-skin-facing surface on the opposite side thereof.
  • One surface corresponds to the skin facing surface
  • the second surface corresponds to the non-skin facing surface.
  • the second aspect (second aspect) of the present invention is an absorbent article using a stretchable sheet.
  • the absorbent article is a disposable diaper having an anteroposterior waist region and a crotch region, and a waist elastic sheet forming the anteroposterior waist region,
  • the elastic sheet is formed of at least one of a leg elastic sheet disposed along the leg opening edge in the crotch area and a leakproof flap extending from the crotch area to the front and rear waist areas.
  • the elastic sheet for an absorbent article according to the present invention has a good fit to the skin due to the contraction force of the elastic body, and the average value of the bending stiffness of the first and second fiber layers by the KES method is 0.0035 to
  • the stretchable sheet is excellent because it is 0.022 N ⁇ m 2 / m ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 and the thickness dimension under the compressive load by the KES against the gather is 0.22 to 1.5 mm. It has the flexibility, and it can suppress that the gather collapses and the gather mark remains on the skin at the time of compression, and in particular, the disposable diaper, the disposable diaper using the sheet as an elastic sheet for sanitary napkins, It is useful for practical use as a sanitary napkin.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional end view taken along line III-III of FIG.
  • the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction of the disposable diaper in an example of the absorbent article using the stretchable sheet according to the present invention as viewed from the inner surface until the maximum elongation of each elastic body (the extent to which the gathers due to the contraction of the elastic material disappear)
  • the partially broken deployment top view of the diaper extended to.
  • an elastic sheet 10 for an absorbent article comprises a first direction Y, a second direction X crossing it, and a thickness direction Z crossing them. And the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 located on the opposite side, the first fiber layer 2 located on the first surface 11, the second fiber layer 3 located on the second surface 12, and the first And a plurality of elastic bodies 4 fixed so as to be contractible in a stretched state in parallel in the first direction between the second fiber layers 2 and 3.
  • the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the stretchable sheet 10 correspond to the skin-facing surface and the non-skin-facing surface of the absorbent article, respectively.
  • the elastic body 4 is fixed to the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 by preferably a hot melt adhesive (not shown) applied to the entire circumference thereof.
  • the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 are integrally bonded to each other by the adhesive.
  • the absorbent article according to the embodiment of the present invention absorbs and holds various well-known body fluids including panty liners and urine absorbing pads in addition to disposable diapers and sanitary napkins, for example, excrement such as menstrual blood and feces and urine.
  • the elastic sheet 10 can be used as a sheet material to be in contact with the wearer's skin in the absorbent article, for example, a waist sheet forming a waist panel, extending in the longitudinal direction along both side edges of the absorber It can be suitably used as a sheet material including a leak-proof wall sheet and a leg elastic sheet forming a leg elastic band disposed at a leg opening edge.
  • the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 of the stretchable sheet 10 are formed of a fiber non-woven fabric composed of continuous fibers of a thermoplastic resin.
  • a spunmelt non-woven fabric in particular, a spunbond non-woven fabric or an SMS (spunbond-meltblown-spunbond) fibrous non-woven fabric is preferably used.
  • SMS spunbond-meltblown-spunbond
  • continuous fibers constituting these non-woven fabrics polyolefin-based thermoplastic fibers including polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), which are various known synthetic fibers, are suitably used.
  • a spunbond non-woven fabric containing polyethylene fibers with a denier of 1.5 to 4.0 dtex as the first fiber layer 2 and polypropylene fibers of a denier of 0.9 to 2.5 dtex as the second fiber layer 3.
  • Spunbond fiber non-woven fabric is used.
  • the first fiber layer 2 is made of polyethylene fibers softer than polypropylene fibers, so that the first fiber layer 2 has low rigidity and excellent flexibility as compared to the second fiber layer 3.
  • the first fiber layer 2 In order for the first fiber layer 2 to have low rigidity and high flexibility compared to the second fiber layer 3, in addition to the difference in the bending resistance of the constituent fibers of both fiber layers 2 and 3, at least It can adjust suitably also by the increase and decrease of the mass of a fiber nonwoven fabric, and a fiber density.
  • a spunbond non-woven fabric or an SMS non-woven fabric composed of continuous fibers As the first fiber layer 2 located on the first surface 11, fuzzing is generated on the sheet surface as compared to other synthetic fibers composed of short fibers. It is excellent in touch and can give a smooth touch. In addition, the spunbond non-woven fabric is easier to control the fiber orientation than other non-woven fibers. Therefore, for example, when a staple (short fiber) fiber non-woven fabric is used as a fiber layer of at least one of the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3, it is excellent in flexibility and extensibility but inferior in sheet tensile strength. In contrast, by using a spunbond non-woven fabric composed of continuous fibers in both of the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3, well balanced combined stretching with desired sheet tensile strength and elongation is achieved. Sex sheet 10 can be obtained.
  • the mass at the time of extension of the stretchable sheet 10 is, for example, 25 to 135 g / m 2 , preferably 40 to 80 g / m 2
  • the mass of the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 is, for example, each 10 to 30 g / m 2 , preferably 12 to 25 g / m 2 .
  • the mass of the stretchable sheet 10 is less than 25 g / m 2 , it becomes difficult to obtain sufficient tensile strength although it is excellent in flexibility. If the weight of the stretchable sheet 10 exceeds 135 g / m 2 , relatively high tensile strength can be obtained, but sufficient flexibility can not be obtained, and deformation along the wearer's body occurs. Or can not give the skin a good fit.
  • the thickness dimensions (under a load of 2.942 hpa) of the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 are respectively 0.10 to 0.60 mm, and the apparent densities of the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 are respectively It is 0.04 to 0.15 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.09 to 0.12 g / cm 3 .
  • the apparent density is 0.04 g / cm 3 or less, the number of the fusion-bonded portions of the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 decreases, which may cause fuzzing.
  • the apparent density is 0.15 g / cm 3 or more, the rigidity of the stretchable sheet 10 becomes relatively high, and in particular, the stretchable sheet 10 is the skin of the wearer's buttocks or the like in the absorbent article. When it is used at a site that comes in contact with a weak site, it may give the wearer a tactile sensation.
  • the mass of each fiber nonwoven fabric was measured based on JISL 1096 method.
  • the plurality of elastic bodies 4 are a plurality of thread-like, string-like, and strand-like elastic materials that extend substantially in parallel in the first direction Y and are spaced apart in the second direction X.
  • the plurality of elastic bodies 4 are stretched, for example, 1.5 to 3.0 times, preferably 2.2 to 2.7 times between the first fiber layer 2 and the second fiber layer 3 It is attached in the state.
  • 1.5 times means that the length (natural length) of each elastic body 4 in the non-elongation state is 1 and the extension ratio when it is extended by 0.5 from this is added to 1 Do.
  • the elastic material in addition to natural rubber, various known synthetic rubbers such as styrene rubber, urethane rubber, ester rubber, polyurethane and polyethylene can be used without limitation.
  • the fineness of the elastic body 4 is not particularly limited, but it is 200 to 1100 dtex, preferably 300 to 1000 dtex. When the fineness is 200 dtex or less, there is a possibility that the required stretchability can not be exhibited in a state in which the shape and size of the gather are controlled by the pitch between the elastic members 4. When the fineness of the elastic body 4 is 1100 dtex or more, the elastic body 4 can be easily seen from the outside through the second fiber layer 3 located on the non-skin opposing surface side of the absorbent article. In such a case, in particular, when the stretchable sheet 10 is used as a sheet member forming the outer surface of the disposable diaper, there is a possibility that it may be recognized as a diaper provided with a plurality of elastic bodies 4 in appearance Not desirable.
  • the separation dimension (pitch) of the elastic body 4 can be appropriately adjusted to control the size including the cross-sectional shape and the length of the gather formed on the stretchable sheet 10, there is a particular limitation although not, in order to suppress the biting of gathers on the skin, it is, for example, 2.0 to 12.0 mm, preferably 4.0 to 10.0 mm.
  • the pitch in the present specification means the distance between the centers of the elastic bodies 4 adjacent to each other in the second direction X.
  • the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 are bonded to each other through an adhesive applied continuously or partially around the entire circumference of each elastic body 4 interposed therebetween. ing. Therefore, it can be said that the pitch between the elastic members 4 is also the separation dimension (pitch) of the joining line joining the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 to each other. Since the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 are fixed to each other only by the adhesive applied to the entire circumference of the elastic body 4, the stretchable sheet 10 becomes relatively soft, and the first fiber layer 2 Together with the flexibility of the skin, the skin feels better.
  • the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 are not the adhesive applied to the entire circumference of the elastic body 4, but the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 in various known patterns. They may be bonded to each other via an adhesive applied to the facing surface side of at least one of the fiber layers 2 and 3. However, in that case, it is necessary to appropriately adjust the application amount of the adhesive so as not to inhibit the stretchability of the elastic body 4, and when bonding with a plurality of adhesive lines, the adhesive line is elastic. It may extend in the extending direction of the body 4 or may extend in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction.
  • a rubber-based hot melt adhesive for example, a SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene) -based or SIS (styrene-isoprene-styrene) -based hot melt adhesive.
  • the stretchable sheet 10 has a bonding area 7 in which the first fiber layer 2 and the second fiber layer 3 are bonded to each other by an adhesive applied to the entire circumference of the elastic body 4, It has the non-joining area
  • FIG. The non-bonded area 8 of the stretchable sheet 10 repeats the gather-like unevenness in the non-elongated state, and has a large number of convex portions 20 located on the skin facing surface side of each elastic body 4 and the non-joint area 8 of the elastic body 4.
  • the recessed portion 30 in the non-bonding area 8 is a convex portion when viewed from the non-skin facing surface side, and the second surface 12 also has a concavo-convex structure due to the recessed portion 30 similarly to the first surface 11.
  • the gathers of the elastic sheet 10 mean gathers due to the undulations of the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3, and the thickness dimension means the top edge of the convex portion 20 and the bottom edge of the concave portion 30 (both It means the separation dimension in the thickness direction from the first and second fiber layers 2, 3 (including the thickness).
  • the thickness dimension of the gather is different for each gather, and does not mean the thickness dimension of the stretchable sheet 10.
  • the elastic sheet 4 contracts the elastic members 4 to alternately form the convex portions 20 and the concave portions 30 in the second direction X.
  • the first fiber layer 2 repeats the fine undulation as compared to the second fiber layer 3.
  • the first fiber layer 2 has a shape in which fine undulations are repeated as compared to the second fiber layer 3, so that the convex portion 20 gently bulges outward in the thickness direction Z so as to collapse. It does not protrude outside in the thickness direction Z compared to the recess 30, and the apparent thickness (height) dimension D1 of the protrusion 20 is smaller than the thickness dimension D2 of the recess 30.
  • the apparent thickness dimension D1 of the convex portion 20 means the separation dimension in the thickness direction Z from the elastic body 4 to the top edge of the convex portion 20, and the apparent thickness dimension D2 of the recess 30 is a recess from the elastic body 4 30 means the separation dimension in the thickness direction Z to the bottom edge of 30.
  • the continuous fibers in each of the fiber layers are thermally fused to each other at their contact sites. It has a fused part that has been worn.
  • the constituent fibers are heat-sealed to maintain the fiber shape, and a part is formed into a film, and the rigidity is higher than that of the non-fused portion of each constituent fiber.
  • the fusion part has higher rigidity than the non-fusion part, but the first fiber layer 2 is composed of its constituent fiber (polyolefin, preferably polyethylene) It is softer than the constituent fiber (polyolefin, preferably polypropylene) of the second fiber layer 3, and the former has a denier of the former constituent fiber larger than that of the latter constituent fiber and at almost the same sheet weight.
  • the difference in rigidity between the non-fusion-bonded portion and the fusion-bonded portion of the first fiber layer 2 is relatively small because the number of contained in the second fiber layer is smaller than that of the latter. It can be said that it is smaller than the difference in rigidity with the fusion bonded portion.
  • the first fiber layer as a whole is excellent in flexibility, and such sheet characteristics affect the difference between the thickness dimension D1 of the convex portion 20 and the thickness dimension D2 of the concave portion 30.
  • a gather mark means a pressure mark left on the skin by the convex portion 20 of the stretchable sheet 10
  • a rubber elastic mark means a pressure mark left on the skin by the elastic body 4.
  • the average value of the flexural rigidity value B1 of the first fiber layer 2 and the flexural rigidity value B2 of the second fiber layer is, for example, 0.0035 to 0.022 N ⁇ m 2 / m ⁇ 10 4.
  • the average value of the flexural rigidity values B1 and B2 is less than 0.0035 N ⁇ m 2 / m ⁇ 10 4, the tensile strength of the stretchable sheet 10 is low, and the elastic sheet 10 is partially worn during wearing of the absorbent article. May break. If it exceeds 0.022 N ⁇ m 2 / m ⁇ 10 4, the sheet rigidity may be increased to make it difficult to conform to the body shape of the wearer, and the fit to the body may be reduced.
  • ⁇ Method of measuring bending stiffness value> The measurement of the bending rigidity value B1 of the first fiber layer 2 and the bending rigidity value B2 of the second fiber layer 3 was performed using a KATO-TEC KES-FB2-AUTO-A bending measurement tester. First, each of the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 was cut into a sample of 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm in a predetermined region of the fiber non-woven fabric forming them. Next, it fixes between the chucks of a measurement tester so that it can measure in the 1st direction Y of an elastic sheet in each sample. Bending the front side up to maximum curvature + 2.5 cm -1, it was then carried out by returning to the original after bent back until maximum curvature -2.5 cm -1.
  • the average value of the flexural rigidity value B1 of the first fiber layer 2 and the flexural rigidity value B2 of the second fiber layer 3 was calculated by the following formula. ⁇ (Bending stiffness value B1 of first fiber layer 2 ⁇ mass of first fiber layer 2) / (mass of first fiber layer 2 + mass of second fiber layer 3) ⁇ + ⁇ (bending of second fiber layer 3) Stiffness value B2 ⁇ mass of second fiber layer 3) / (mass of first fiber layer 2 + mass of second fiber layer 3) ⁇
  • the conventional stretchable sheet 100 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 opposite to the first surface 111, a first fiber layer 102 located on the first surface 111, and a second surface.
  • the first fiber layer 102 and the second fiber layer 103 are bonded to each other through an adhesive applied to the entire circumference of each elastic body 104, and the stretchable sheet 100 is formed of the first and second fiber layers 102. , 103 are joined together, and the non-junction area 108 is located between the junction areas 107.
  • the stretchable sheet 100 is a spunbond non-woven fabric made of polypropylene fibers having a mass of 17.0 g / m 2 as the first fiber layer 102, and a span made of polypropylene fibers having a mass of 17.0 g / m 2 as the second fiber layer 103. Bond fiber non-woven fabric is used. Further, various conditions such as an elastic material, fineness and pitch used for the elastic body 104 are substantially the same as those of the elastic body 4 disposed on the stretchable sheet 10 according to the present embodiment.
  • the conventional stretchable sheet 100 has a relatively large (deep) size with a substantially uniform thickness dimension.
  • the gather-like uneven portions 20 and 30 are formed, and the number of gathers of the stretchable sheet 100 is smaller than the number of gathers of the stretchable sheet 10.
  • the bending stiffness value of the elastic sheet 10 is relatively low, that is, the average value of the bending stiffness value B1 of the first fiber layer 2 and the bending stiffness value B2 of the second fiber layer is 0.022 N ⁇ m 2 / M ⁇ 10 ⁇ ⁇ 4 or less, the contraction action of the elastic body 4 causes the form to be repeatedly undulated in the second direction X, and the shape collapses, so that the thickness is relatively uneven. It can be said that this is due to the formation of a plurality of small gathers.
  • the thickness dimension of the convex portion 120 is relatively large and has a uniform gather structure as in the conventional elastic sheet 100, the appearance is excellent in appearance but the thickness The rigidity value is higher than that of the elastic sheet 10 having a small size and uneven gather structure, and even if it is worn and compressed, the convex portion 120 may bite deeply into the skin and leave a gather mark. is there.
  • the non-joining area 8 of the stretchable sheet 10 since the plurality of uneven gathers having a small degree of unevenness are formed, the first surface 11 has high smoothness and the first fiber The contact area between the layer 2 and the skin of the wearer is relatively large. Therefore, when the wearer's skin comes in contact with the first surface 11 of the stretchable sheet 10, the contact pressure generated by the contraction force of the elastic body 4 is not dispersed and bites into the skin. It becomes difficult to get a mark.
  • the thickness dimension T0 of each sample under the 0.49 hpa load is 2.70 to 4.70 mm, and the 49.03 hpa load
  • the lower thickness dimension Tm is 0.22 to 1.5 mm.
  • the thickness dimension Tm of the convex portion 20 of the stretchable sheet 10 is less than 1.5 mm, which is relatively small, and the flexural rigidity values B1, B1 of the first and second fiber layers 2, 3 Since the average value of B2 is less than 0.022 N ⁇ m 2 / m ⁇ 10 4, it can be said that the gathers shape of the stretchable sheet 10 is easily deformed by an external force.
  • the compression work amount WC of the convex portion 20 of the stretchable sheet 10 based on the KES measurement method is 0.236 to 5.0 N ⁇ m / m 2
  • the compression recovery rate RC is 19 to 36%.
  • the compression work amount WC and the compression recovery rate RC are both relatively low values, and the convex portion 20 is easily compressed by an external force, and it can be said that the shape recovery after compression is low. Therefore, when the convex part 20 contacts a wearer's skin, it is easily compressed, and since the shape restoration after compression is low, the repulsive force to the skin is low, and it is combined with the dispersion of the contact pressure It is possible to suppress the formation of gather marks on the skin.
  • the good softness of the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 of the stretch sheet 10 means that unlike the elastic stretchable non-woven fabric containing elastic fibers and other fiber non-woven fabrics which are rich in repulsion, they are weak in stiffness and have repulsion It is low in sex and means that the gathers are crushed and only shallow gather marks remain on the skin in contact with the skin of the wearer.
  • the pitch between the elastic bodies 4 is reduced to improve the fit to the body, the tightening force on the skin becomes high and gather marks may be easily formed on the skin, but the elastic sheet 10
  • the bending characteristics and the compression characteristics based on the above-described KES method, a gather having a large degree of unevenness is not formed, and it is possible to suppress that a gather mark remains on the skin.
  • the measurement sample was compressed to a load of 49.03 hpa at a pressure speed of 50 mm / sec, and a thickness dimension Tm under a load of 49.03 hpa was measured.
  • the amount of work [N ⁇ m / m 2 ] required for compression from thickness dimension T0 to thickness dimension Tm is WC
  • the amount of work required for reconstruction from thickness dimension Tm to thickness dimension T0 is WC2
  • the first fiber layer 2 is formed of a spunbond nonwoven fabric containing polyethylene fibers
  • the second fiber layer 3 is formed of a spunbond nonwoven fabric containing polypropylene fibers.
  • the two fiber layers 2 and 3 may be formed of a spunbonded nonwoven fabric containing polyethylene fibers.
  • the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 are excellent in flexibility, they are equal to or less than the average bending stiffness value of the stretchable sheet 10 in the present embodiment and the thickness dimension Tm under load. It is.
  • gathers with a small degree of unevenness compared to the stretchable sheet 10 according to the present embodiment are formed by forming both the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 from flexible fiber non-woven fabrics. .
  • Table 1 shows a plurality of stretchable sheets produced under various conditions and their properties and performance evaluated to compare with conventional products.
  • the stretchable sheets of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are composite sheets including first and second fiber layers and an elastic body interposed and fixed between them, The second fiber layer is bonded to one another via a hot melt adhesive having a mass of 0.07 g / m applied to the entire circumference of the elastic body.
  • Example 1 As the first fibrous layer 2, mass 17.0 g / m 2 spunbond fiber nonwoven fabric composed of polyethylene fibers, the second fiber layer 3, spunbond fibers composed of polypropylene fibers of weight 17.0 g / m 2 Non-woven fabric was used. Further, polyurethane yarn with a fineness of 470 dtex was used as a plurality of elastic bodies, and was shrunkly attached between the first and second fiber layers in a state of being stretched 2.5 times under a condition of a pitch of 9.0 mm.
  • Example 2 As the first fibrous layer 2, mass 17.0 g / span composed of polyethylene fibers of m 2 bond fibrous nonwoven fabric, a second fibrous layer 3, spunbond fibers constructed from polyethylene fibers of the mass 17.0 g / m 2 Non-woven fabric was used. Further, polyurethane yarn with a fineness of 470 dtex was used as a plurality of elastic bodies, and was shrunkly attached between the first and second fiber layers in a state of being stretched 2.5 times under a condition of a pitch of 9.0 mm.
  • Example 3 As the first fibrous layer 2, mass 17.0 g / m 2 spunbond fiber nonwoven fabric composed of polyethylene fibers, the second fiber layer 3, spunbond fibers composed of polypropylene fibers of weight 17.0 g / m 2 Non-woven fabric was used. In addition, polyurethane yarns with a fineness of 940 dtex were used as the plurality of elastic bodies 4 and shrunkly attached between the first and second fiber layers in a state of being stretched 2.5 times under the condition of a pitch of 9.0 mm.
  • Example 4 As the first fibrous layer 2, mass 17.0 g / span composed of polyethylene fibers of m 2 bond fibrous nonwoven fabric, a second fibrous layer 3, spunbond fibers constructed from polyethylene fibers of the mass 17.0 g / m 2 Non-woven fabric was used. In addition, polyurethane yarns with a fineness of 940 dtex were used as the plurality of elastic bodies 4 and shrunkly attached between the first and second fiber layers in a state of being stretched 2.5 times under the condition of a pitch of 9.0 mm.
  • Example 5 As the first fibrous layer 2, mass 25.0 g / m 2 spunbond fiber nonwoven fabric composed of polyethylene fibers, the second fiber layer 3, spunbond fibers composed of polypropylene fibers of weight 14.0 g / m 2 Non-woven fabric was used. In addition, polyurethane yarns with a fineness of 470 dtex were used as the plurality of elastic bodies 4 and shrunkly attached between the first and second fiber layers in a state of being stretched 2.5 times under the condition of a pitch of 5.0 mm.
  • Example 6 As the first fibrous layer 2, mass 20.0 g / m 2 spunbond fiber nonwoven fabric composed of polyethylene fibers, the second fiber layer 3, spunbond fibers constructed from polyethylene fibers of the mass 20.0 g / m 2 Non-woven fabric was used. In addition, a polyurethane yarn with a fineness of 470 dtex was used as the elastic body 4 and was shrunkly attached between the first and second fiber layers in a state of being stretched 2.5 times under the condition of a pitch of 5.0 mm.
  • Comparative Example 1 A spunbond non-woven fabric made of polypropylene fibers having a mass of 17.0 g / m 2 was used as the first fiber layer, and a spunbond non-woven fabric made of polypropylene fibers having a mass of 17.0 g / m 2 was used as the second fiber layer.
  • a polyurethane yarn with a fineness of 470 dtex was used as an elastic body, and was shrunkly attached between the first and second fiber layers in a state of being stretched 2.5 times under a condition of a pitch of 9.0 mm.
  • Comparative Example 2 A spunbond non-woven fabric made of polypropylene fibers having a mass of 17.0 g / m 2 was used as the first fiber layer, and a spunbond non-woven fabric made of polypropylene fibers having a mass of 17.0 g / m 2 was used as the second fiber layer.
  • a polyurethane yarn with a fineness of 940 dtex was used as an elastic body, and was shrunkly attached between the first and second fiber layers in a state of being stretched 2.5 times under the condition of a pitch of 9.0 mm.
  • Comparative Example 3 A spunbond non-woven fabric made of polypropylene fibers having a mass of 17.0 g / m 2 was used as the first fiber layer, and a spunbond non-woven fabric made of polypropylene fibers having a mass of 17.0 g / m 2 was used as the second fiber layer.
  • a polyurethane yarn with a fineness of 470 dtex was used as an elastic body, and was shrunkly attached between the first and second fiber layers in a state of being stretched 2.5 times under the condition of a pitch of 5.0 mm.
  • the flexural rigidity value, the compression work amount WC, the compression recovery rate RC, the initial thickness dimension T0, the thickness dimension Tm under load, and the number of gathers in Table 1 were measured based on the above-mentioned measurement method. About the evaluation result of the level of a gather mark, it asked by the following evaluation methods.
  • Level 1 ⁇ ⁇ There is no gather mark and only rubber elastic mark is visible.
  • Level 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
  • Level 3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Gathered marks are more noticeable than rubber elastic marks, and a large number of vertically extending gather marks of about 1 to 3 mm starting from rubber elastic marks can be confirmed Level 4 ⁇ ⁇ confirmed at Level 3
  • Level 5 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ A state in which 10 or more vertically gathered gather marks of 5 mm or more confirmed at level 4 can be confirmed within a predetermined range (200 mm ⁇ 50 mm).
  • the thickness dimension Tm under load of the stretchable sheet 10 according to Examples 1 to 6 is 1.5 mm or less, and the average bending stiffness value of the first and second fiber layers 2 and 3 Is 0.022 N ⁇ m 2 / m ⁇ 10 4 or less, and the gather mark level is 3.0 or less.
  • the thickness dimension Tm under load of the stretchable sheets according to Comparative Examples 1 to 3 is 1.5 mm or more, and the average flexural rigidity value of the first and second fiber layers is 0.03 or more.
  • Gather marks level is over 3.0. That is, in the elastic sheet, when the thickness dimension Tm under load and the average bending stiffness value of the first and second fiber layers are large, it can be said that the gather mark level tends to be high.
  • Example 1 and Example 3 are compared, if the fineness of the elastic body 4 is large, the gather mark level is also relatively large, but the level at which the gather mark that is more noticeable than the rubber elastic mark is not given I keep it. Comparing Example 1 and Example 5, the gather mark level is increased by increasing the mass of the first fiber layer 3 and reducing the pitch between the elastic members 4, in that case. Also, at least a level at which a longitudinal crease of 5 mm or more is not applied between the elastic members 4 is maintained. Thus, even when the size of the elastic body 4 is relatively large or the pitch between the elastic bodies 4 is relatively large, the rigidity of the stretchable sheet 10 itself is low, and the gathers are crushed and the skin is Because there is no pressure on the body, there will be no large gather marks.
  • FIG. 6 is a view from the inner surface side of the disposable diaper 200 in an example of the absorbent article using the stretchable sheet according to the present invention, up to the time of maximum elongation of each elastic body (the extent to which the gathers due to the contraction of the elastic material disappear) It is a partially broken development top view of diaper 200 extended to a lengthwise direction and a crosswise direction.
  • the diaper 200 has an elastic waist panel 210 having a longitudinal direction P and a transverse direction Q intersecting therewith and annularly extending around the waist, and an absorbent panel attached to the inner surface of the elastic waist panel 210. 220, a front waist region 211, a rear waist region 212, and a crotch region 213 located between the front and rear waist regions 211 and 212.
  • the elastic waist panel 210 is composed of a front waist panel 230 forming a front waist area 211 and a rear waist panel 240 forming a rear waist area 212.
  • the side edges of the front waist panel 230 and the side edges of the rear waist panel 240 overlap each other and are connected by side seams 215 intermittently located in the longitudinal direction Y, and a waist opening and a pair of leg openings are defined. Be done.
  • the front and rear waist panels 230 and 240 are formed from a waist elastic sheet 250 in which a plurality of waist elastics 251 extending in the lateral direction Q are disposed, and a plurality of leg elastics extending around the leg openings at the leg opening edge A leg elastic sheet 260 having H.261 is disposed.
  • the absorbing panel 220 includes a liquid absorbing structure 221 having a body fluid absorbability, and a pair of leakproof flaps 270 extending in the longitudinal direction Y on both sides in the lateral direction X of the liquid absorbing structure.
  • the leakproof flap 270 has a plurality of flap elastics 271 extending in the longitudinal direction Y attached to the free edge.
  • the stretchable sheet 10 is used as at least one of the waist elastic sheet 250, the leg elastic sheet 260, and the leakproof flap 270. That is, when using the elastic sheet 10 as these sheets 250, 260, and 270, the waist elastic body 251, the leg elastic body 261, and the flap elastic body 271 correspond to the elastic body 4 of the elastic sheet 10, respectively. . In such a case, it is preferable to set the first surface 11 of the stretchable sheet 10 to the skin-facing surface side facing the wearer's skin and the second surface 12 to the non-skin-facing surface side located on the opposite side. .
  • the elastic sheet 10 may be used even if the waist elastic body 251 has an extension stress to such an extent that the front and rear waist regions 211 and 212 exert a required holding force.
  • the contact pressure generated by the contraction force of the waist elastic body 251 at the waist opening edge is not dispersed and bites into the skin, so it is difficult for the convex portion 20 to have a gather mark.
  • Similar technical effects can be obtained when using the elastic sheet 10 as the leg elastic sheet 260 and the leakproof flap 270, but in particular, these sheets 260, 270 can be compared to the waist portion of the wearer.
  • the use of the stretchable sheet 10 can suppress deep gather marks by using the stretchable sheet 10 where the gather marks are more likely to come in contact with the area around weak thighs and buttocks of the skin.

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  • Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

着用者の肌に対して良好なフィット性を有するとともに、肌にギャザー痕が残るのを抑制することのできる吸収性物品用伸縮性シート及びそれを使用した吸収性物品の提供。　吸収性物品用伸縮性シート（１０）は、熱可塑性樹脂の連続繊維から構成された、第１面（１１）に位置する第１繊維層（２）と、第１面（１１）の反対側の第２面（１２）に位置する第２繊維層（３）とを含む。第１及び第２繊維層（２，３）間には、複数条の弾性体（４）が伸長状態で収縮可能に固定され、第１及び第２繊維層（２，３）には、互いに隣接する弾性体（４）間において弾性体（４）が延在する方向（Ｙ）と交差する方向（Ｘ）へ複数のギャザーが形成され、第１及び第２繊維層（２，３）のＫＥＳ法による曲げ剛性の平均値が０．００３５～０．０２２Ｎ・ｍ２／ｍ×１０＾－４であって、かつ、ギャザーに対するＫＥＳ法による圧縮荷重下での厚さ寸法が、０．２２～１．５ｍｍである。

Description

吸収性物品用伸縮性シート及びそれを使用した吸収性物品
　本開示は、使い捨ておむつ、生理用ナプキン等を含む吸収性物品用伸縮性シート及びそれを使用した吸収性物品に関する。
　従来、吸収性物品用伸縮性シートは公知である。例えば、特許文献１には、第１繊維層と、第２繊維層と、第１及び第２繊維層間に伸長状態で収縮可能に取り付けられた複数条の弾性体とを含む伸縮性シートが開示されている。第１繊維層と第２繊維層とは、複数条の弾性体の全周に塗布された接着剤を介して互いに接合されている。
特開２０１６－１３６８７号公報
　特許文献１に開示された発明に係る伸縮性シートは、第１及び第２繊維層を構成する繊維不織布の剛性値、弾性体のピッチ及び弾性体の全周に塗布する接着剤の塗布量を適宜コントロールすることによって、着用者の肌に対する良好なフィット性を有するとともに、全体として比較的に肉薄であって柔軟性に優れ、吸収性物品の肌対向面側に配置された場合には、良好な触感を与えるとされている。
　しかし、かかる伸縮性シートにおいては、シート表面全体に０．５～１０ｍｍの厚さ寸法を有するギャザーがほぼ均一に形成されて審美性に優れた外観を有する一方、ギャザーが肌に触れて食い込むことによって、肌にギャザー痕が残るおそれがある。肌に対するギャザーの食い込みを抑制するために、弾性体間のピッチを大きくした場合には、肌に対するフィット性が低下するおそれがあり、繊維不織布の剛性を低くするために弾性体の全周に塗布する接着剤の塗布量を減らした場合には、吸収性物品の着用中に弾性体の固定が解除されてしまうおそれがある。
　本開示に係る本発明の課題は、従来の伸縮性シートの改良であって、着用者の肌に対する良好なフィット性を有するとともに、肌にギャザー痕が形成されるのを抑制することのできる吸収性物品用伸縮性シート及びそれを使用した吸収性物品を提供することにある。
　本発明の第１態様（first aspect）は、第１面とその反対側の第２面を有し、熱可塑性樹脂の連続繊維から構成された、前記第１面に位置する第１繊維層と、前記第２面に位置する第２繊維層とを含み、前記第１及び第２繊維層間には、複数条の弾性体が収縮可能に固定され、前記第１及び第２繊維層には、互いに隣接する前記弾性体間において前記弾性体が延在する方向と交差する方向へ複数のギャザーが形成され、前記第１及び第２繊維層のＫＥＳ法による曲げ剛性の平均値が０．００３５～０．０２２Ｎ・ｍ２／ｍ×１０＾－４であって、かつ、前記ギャザーに対するＫＥＳ法による圧縮荷重下での厚さ寸法が、０．２２～１．５ｍｍである吸収性物品用伸縮性シートである。
　本発明の第１態様に係る吸収性物品用伸縮性シートの実施形態（embodiment）の一つにおいて、前記ギャザーに対する圧縮荷重下における、ＫＥＳ法における圧縮仕事量が０．２３６～５．０Ｎ・ｍ／ｍ２であって、ＫＥＳ法における圧縮回復率が、１９～３６％である。
　かかる吸収性物品用伸縮性シートにおいては、圧縮仕事量ＷＣ及び圧縮回復率ＲＣともに比較的に低い数値であって、凸部２０が外力によって容易に圧縮され易く、圧縮後の形状復元性が低いといえる。したがって、凸部２０が着用者の肌に接触したときには容易に圧縮されるとともに、圧縮後の形状復元性が低いことから肌に対して反発する力が低く、接触圧の分散と相俟って、肌にギャザー痕が形成されるのを抑制することができる。
　本発明の第１態様に係る吸収性物品用伸縮性シートの他の実施形態の一つにおいて、前記第１繊維層が、ポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンメルト不織布、前記第２繊維層が、少なくとも一部にポリオレフィン繊維を含むスパンメルト不織布からそれぞれ形成されている。
　かかる吸収性物品用伸縮性シートにおいては、第１繊維層は第２繊維層に比べて剛性が低く柔軟性に優れることから、肌対向面のギャザーは非肌対向面のギャザーに比べてなだらかに隆起した形状を有し、吸収性物品の着用時において肌に対する接触圧が分散され、肌にギャザー痕が残るのを抑制することができる。
　本発明の第１態様に係る吸収性物品伸縮性シートのさらに他の実施形態の一つにおいて、前記第１及び第２繊維層が、ポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンメルト不織布から形成されている。
　かかる吸収性物品用伸縮性シートにおいては、第１及び第２繊維層ともに良好な柔軟性を有することから、凹凸度合いのより小さなギャザーが形成されて、肌にギャザー痕が残るのをさらに抑制することができる。
　本発明の第１態様に係る吸収性物品伸縮性シートのさらに他の実施形態の一つにおいて、前記第１及び第２繊維層が、前記連続繊維が融着された複数の融着部分を有し、前記第１繊維層における前記融着部分と非融着部分との剛性差よりも、前記第２繊維層における前記融着部分と前記非融着部分との剛性差の方が大きくなっている。
　かかる吸収性物品用伸縮性シートにおいては、第１繊維層が全体として第２繊維層よりも柔軟性に優れ、複数条の弾性体の収縮作用によって小さな起伏を繰り返した態様となる。それによって、肌対向面側のギャザーが非肌対向面のギャザーよりも厚さ寸法が小さくなって、ギャザー痕が肌に残るのを抑制することができる。
　本発明の第１態様に係る吸収性物品用伸縮性シートのさらに他の実施形態の一つにおいて、前記第１及び第２繊維層の質量が、それぞれ、１０～３０ｇ／ｍ２、前記第１及び第２繊維層の見掛け密度が、それぞれ、０．０４～０．１５ｇ／ｃｍ３であって、前記交差する方向へ並ぶ前記複数条の弾性体間のピッチは、２．０～１２．０ｍｍである。
　本発明の第１態様に係る吸収性物品用伸縮性シートのさらに他の実施形態の一つにおいて、前記ポリエチレン繊維の繊度が１．５～４．０ｄｔｅｘ、前記ポリプロピレン繊維の繊度は０．９～２．５ｄｔｅｘである。
　本発明の第１態様に係る吸収性物品用伸縮性シートのさらに他の実施形態の一つにおいて、前記伸縮性シートが、肌対向面及びその反対側の非肌対向面を有し、前記第１面は前記肌対向面、前記第２面は前記非肌対向面に対応する。
　本発明の第２態様（second aspect）は、伸縮性シートを使用した吸収性物品である。
　本発明の第２態様に係る吸収性物品の実施形態の一つにおいて、前記吸収性物品が、前後ウエスト域及びクロッチ域を有する使い捨ておむつであって、前記前後ウエスト域を形成するウエスト弾性シート、前記クロッチ域においてレッグ開口縁に沿って配置されるレッグ弾性シート及び前記クロッチ域から前記前後ウエスト域まで延びる防漏フラップのうちの少なくとも１つのシートが前記伸縮性シートから形成されている。
　本発明に係る吸収性物品用伸縮性シートは、弾性体の収縮力によって肌に対する良好なフィット性を有するとともに、第１及び第２繊維層のＫＥＳ法による曲げ剛性の平均値が０．００３５～０．０２２Ｎ・ｍ２／ｍ×１０＾－４であって、かつ、ギャザーに対するＫＥＳ法による圧縮荷重下での厚さ寸法は、０．２２～１．５ｍｍであるから、伸縮性シートは優れた柔軟性を有し、圧縮時にギャザーが潰れて肌にギャザー痕が残るのを抑制することができ、特に、使い捨ておむつ、生理用ナプキン用伸縮性シートとして、またそのシートを用いた使い捨ておむつ、生理用ナプキンとして実用に供するのに有益である。
本発明に係る吸収性物品用伸縮性シートの実施形態の一例における斜視図。 図１のＩＩ－ＩＩ線に沿う断面斜視図。 図１のＩＩＩ－ＩＩＩに沿う断面端面図。 従来の伸縮性シートの図２と同様の断面斜視図。 従来の伸縮性シートの図３と同様の断面端面図。 本発明に係る伸縮性シートを使用した吸収性物品の一例における使い捨ておむつを内面側から視た、各弾性体の最大伸長時（弾性材料の収縮作用によるギャザーがなくなる程度）まで縦方向及び横方向に伸展したおむつの一部破断展開平面図。
　図１～図３を参照すると、本発明の実施形態に係る吸収性物品用伸縮性シート１０は、第１方向Ｙとそれに交差する第２方向Ｘと、それらに交差する厚さ方向Ｚとを有し、第１面１１及びその反対側に位置する第２面１２と、第１面１１に位置する第１繊維層２と、第２面１２に位置する第２繊維層３と、第１及び第２繊維層２，３間において第１方向へ並列に伸長状態で収縮可能に固定された複数条の弾性体４とを含む。伸縮性シート１０の第１面１１、第２面１２は、それぞれ、吸収性物品の肌対向面、非肌対向面にそれぞれ対応する。弾性体４は、その全周に塗布された好ましくはホットメルト接着剤（図示せず）によって第１及び第２繊維層２，３に固定される。第１及び第２繊維層２，３は、その接着剤によって互いに一体的に接合されている。本発明の実施形態に係る吸収性物品は、使い捨ておむつ、生理用ナプキンのほかに、パンティライナー、尿取りパッドを含む各種公知の体液、例えば、経血、糞尿等の排泄物を吸収・保持するための物品を含む。また、伸縮性シート１０は、吸収性物品において着用者の肌に接触するシート材料として使用することができ、例えば、ウエストパネルを形成するウエストシート、吸収体の両側縁に沿って縦方向へ延びる防漏壁シート、レッグ開口縁部に配置されたレッグ弾性帯を形成するレッグ弾性シートを含むシート材料として好適に用いることができる。
　伸縮性シート１０の第１及び２繊維層２，３は、熱可塑性樹脂の連続繊維から構成された繊維不織布から形成されている。第１及び第２繊維層２，３を構成する繊維不織布としてはスパンメルト繊維不織布、なかでも、スパンボンド繊維不織布、ＳＭＳ（スパンボンド・メルトブローン・スパンボンド）繊維不織布が好適に使用される。また、これら不織布を構成する連続繊維は、各種公知の合成繊維である、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）を含むポリオレフィン系の熱可塑性繊維が好適に使用される。本実施形態においては、第１繊維層２として、繊度１．５～４．０ｄｔｅｘのポリエチレン繊維を含むスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層３として、繊度０．９～２．５ｄｔｅｘのポリプロピレン繊維を含むスパンボンド繊維不織布を使用している。特に、第１繊維層２は、ポリプロピレン繊維よりも軟質なポリエチレン繊維から構成されていることによって、第２繊維層３に比べて剛性が低く柔軟性に優れる。第１繊維層２が、第２繊維層３に比して剛性が低く柔軟性が高くなるためには、両繊維層２，３の構成繊維の剛軟度の差に依るもののほかに、少なくとも繊維不織布の質量や繊維密度の増減によっても適宜調整することができる。
　第１面１１に位置する第１繊維層２として連続繊維から構成されるスパンボンド繊維不織布又はＳＭＳ繊維不織布が用いられることによって、短繊維からなるその他の合成繊維に比べて、シート表面において毛羽立ちがなく肌触りに優れて、滑らかな触感を与えることができる。また、スパンボンド繊維不織布は、他の繊維不織布に比べて繊維配向性をコントロールしやすい。したがって、例えば、第１及び第２繊維層２，３の少なくとも一方の繊維層としてステープル（短繊維）繊維不織布を用いた場合には、柔軟性及び伸長性に優れるがシート引張強度に劣るのに対し、第１及び第２繊維層２，３の両層に連続繊維から構成されるスパンボンド繊維不織布を用いることによって、所望のシート引張強度と伸度とを備えたバランスの良い複合的な伸縮性シート１０を得ることができる。
　伸縮性シート１０の伸長時の質量は、例えば、２５～１３５ｇ／ｍ２、好ましくは、４０～８０ｇ／ｍ２であって、第１及び第２繊維層２，３の質量は、それぞれ、例えば、１０～３０ｇ／ｍ２であって、好ましくは、１２～２５ｇ／ｍ２である。伸縮性シート１０の質量が２５ｇ／ｍ２未満である場合には、柔軟性に優れるものの十分な引張強度を得ることが困難になる。伸縮性シート１０の質量が１３５ｇ／ｍ２を超える場合には、比較的に高い引張強度を得ることができるが、十分な柔軟性を得ることができず、着用者の身体に沿って変形したり、肌に良好なフィット性を与えることができない。
　第１及び第２繊維層２，３の厚さ寸法（２．９４２ｈｐａ荷重下）は、それぞれ、０．１０～０．６０ｍｍ、第１及び第２繊維層２，３の見掛け密度は、それぞれ、０．０４～０．１５ｇ／ｃｍ３、好ましくは、０．０９～０．１２ｇ／ｃｍ３である。見掛け密度が０．０４ｇ／ｃｍ３以下である場合には、第１及び第２繊維層２，３の融着部分が少なくなることで毛羽立ちやすくなるおそれがある。見掛け密度が０．１５ｇ／ｃｍ３以上の場合には、伸縮性シート１０の剛性が比較的に高くなって、特に、伸縮性シート１０が、吸収性物品における、着用者の鼠蹊部等の肌の弱い部位と接触する部位に使用された場合には、着用者にゴワゴワとした触感を与えるおそれがある。
　各繊維不織布の質量は、ＪＩＳＬ１０９６法に基づいて測定した。見掛け密度は、これらの測定によって得られた質量と厚さ寸法とによって算出された平均値（Ｎ＝３）から求めた。
　複数条の弾性体４は、第１方向Ｙへほぼ並列に延び、かつ、第２方向Ｘへ間隔を空けて位置する複数条の糸状、ストリング状、ストランド状の弾性材料である。複数条の弾性体４は、第１繊維層２と第２繊維層３との間において、例えば、１．５～３．０倍、好ましくは、２．２～２．７倍に伸長された状態で取り付けられる。なお、例えば１．５倍とは、各弾性体４の非伸長状態における長さ（自然長）を１とし、かつ、これから０．５だけ伸長した値を１に加えたときの伸長倍率を意味する。
　弾性材料としては、天然ゴムのほか、スチレン系ゴム、ウレタン系ゴム、エステル系ゴム、ポリウレタン、ポリエチレン等の各種公知の合成ゴムを制限なく用いることができる。弾性体４の繊度に特に制限はないが、２００～１１００ｄｔｅｘ，好ましくは、３００～１０００ｄｔｅｘである。繊度が２００ｄｔｅｘ以下の場合には、弾性体４間のピッチよってギャザーの形状、大きさをコントロールした状態において所要の伸縮性を発揮することができないおそれがある。弾性体４の繊度が１１００ｄｔｅｘ以上の場合には、吸収性物品の非肌対向面側に位置する第２繊維層３を介して弾性体４が外部から透視しやすくなる。かかる場合には、特に、伸縮性シート１０を使い捨ておむつの外面を形成するシート部材として使用したときに、複数条の弾性体４を備えたおむつと一見して認識されるおそれがあり、外観上好ましくない。
　弾性体４の離間寸法（ピッチ）は、伸縮性シート１０に形成されるギャザーの断面形状、長さを含む大きさをコントロールするために適宜調整可能とされるものであるから特に制限があるものではないが、ギャザーの肌に対する食い込みを抑制するためには、例えば、２．０～１２．０ｍｍ、好ましくは、４．０～１０．０ｍｍである。なお、本明細書におけるピッチとは、第２方向Ｘにおいて互いに隣接する弾性体４の中心間の離間距離を意味する。
　本実施形態においては、第１及び第２繊維層２，３は、それらの間に介在された各弾性体４の全周に連続的又は部分的に塗布された接着剤を介して互いに接合されている。したがって、弾性体４間のピッチが、第１及び第２繊維層２，３を互いに接合する接合ラインの離間寸法（ピッチ）ともいえる。第１及び第２繊維層２，３が弾性体４の全周に塗布された接着剤によってのみ互いに固定されることによって、伸縮性シート１０が比較的に柔軟となって、第１繊維層２の柔軟性と相俟ってさらに肌触りが良好となる。
　本実施形態と異なり、第１及び第２繊維層２，３は、弾性体４の全周に塗布された接着剤ではなく、各種公知のパターンで第１及び第２繊維層２，３のうちの少なくとも一方の繊維層２，３の対向面側に塗布された接着剤を介して互いに接合してもよい。ただし、その場合には、弾性体４の伸縮性を阻害しないように、接着剤の塗布量を適宜調整する必要があり、また、複数条の接着ラインで接合する場合には、接着ラインが弾性体４の延在する方向へ延びていてもよいし、延在する方向と直交する方向へ延びていてもよい。第１繊維層２と第２繊維層３とを接合する接着剤には、公知の各種の接着剤を制限なく用いることができるが、伸縮性シート１０の伸縮性をできるだけ阻害しないようにするために、ゴム系のホットメルト接着剤、例えば、ＳＢＳ（スチレン－ブタジエン－スチレン）系、ＳＩＳ（スチレン－イソプレン－スチレン）系のホットメルト接着剤を用いることが好ましい。
　図１～３を参照すると、伸縮性シート１０は、弾性体４の全周に塗布された接着剤によって第１繊維層２と第２繊維層３とが互いに接合された接合域７と、第２方向Ｘにおいて隣接する弾性体４間に位置する、ホットメルト接着剤を介して第１繊維層２と第２繊維層３とが互いに接合されていない非接合域８とを有する。伸縮性シート１０の非接合域８は、非伸長状態においてギャザー状の凹凸を繰り返しており、各弾性体４よりも肌対向面側に位置する多数の凸部２０と、弾性体４よりも非肌対向面側に位置する多数の凹部３０とを有する。非接合域８の凹部３０は、非肌対向面側から視れば凸状の部分であって、第１面１１と同様に第２面１２も凹部３０によって凹凸構造を有する。伸縮性シート１０のギャザーは、第１及び第２繊維層２，３全体の起伏によるギャザーを意味し、その厚さ寸法とは、凸部２０の頂縁と凹部３０の底縁（ともに、第１及び第２繊維層２，３の厚さを含む）との厚さ方向における離間寸法を意味する。なお、かかるギャザーの厚さ寸法は、ギャザーごとに異なるものであって、伸縮性シート１０の厚さ寸法を意味するものではない。
　第１繊維層２は第２繊維層３に比べて剛性が低く柔軟性に優れることから、伸縮性シート１０が弾性体４の収縮作用によって第２方向Ｘへ凸部２０と凹部３０とが交互に位置する態様において、第１繊維層２は第２繊維層３に比べて細かい起伏を繰り返している。このように、第１繊維層２が第２繊維層３に比して細かい起伏を繰り返した形状を有することによって、凸部２０は厚さ方向Ｚの外側へ崩れるようにしてなだらかに隆起して凹部３０に比べて厚さ方向Ｚの外側へ突出しておらず、凸部２０の見掛け厚さ（高さ）寸法Ｄ１は、凹部３０の厚さ寸法Ｄ２に比べて小さくなっている。凸部２０の見掛け厚さ寸法Ｄ１とは、弾性体４から凸部２０の頂縁までの厚さ方向Ｚにおける離間寸法を意味し、凹部３０の見掛け厚さ寸法Ｄ２は、弾性体４から凹部３０の底縁までの厚さ方向Ｚにおける離間寸法を意味する。
　本実施形態のように、第１及び第２繊維層２，３が連続繊維を用いたスパンボンド繊維不織布から形成される場合には、各繊維層ともに連続繊維がそれらの接触部位において互いに熱融着された融着部分を有する。融着部分では、各構成繊維が熱融着されて繊維形状を維持しておらず一部がフィルム化しており、各構成繊維の非融着部分に比べて剛性が高くなっている。第１及び第２繊維層２，３においても、融着部分が非融着部分に比べて高い剛性を有しているが、第１繊維層２はその構成繊維（ポリオレフィン、好ましくはポリエチレン）が第２繊維層３の構成繊維（ポリオレフィン、好ましくはポリプロピレン）に比して柔軟であって、前者の構成繊維の繊度が後者の構成繊維の繊度よりも大きく、かつ、ほぼ同一のシート質量において前者の含有本数が後者のそれよりも少ないことから、第１繊維層２の非融着部分と融着部分との剛性差が比較的に小さくなっており、第２繊維層における非融着部分と融着部分との剛性差よりも小さいといえる。これによって、第１繊維層は全体として柔軟性に優れ、かかるシート特性が、凸部２０の厚さ寸法Ｄ１と凹部３０の厚さ寸法Ｄ２との相違に影響しているとも考えられる。
　このように、第１面１１は第２面１２に比べて平滑性に優れ、着用者の肌との接触面積が大きくなることから、局所的に肌に接触する場合に比して弾性体４の収縮力による接触圧が分散され、ギャザー痕が付き難いといえる。なお、本明細書においては、ギャザー痕は、伸縮性シート１０の凸部２０によって肌に残る圧迫痕を意味し、ゴム弾性痕は、弾性体４によって肌に残る圧迫痕を意味する。
　第１繊維層２の曲げ剛性値Ｂ１と第２繊維層の曲げ剛性値Ｂ２との平均値は、例えば、０．００３５～０.０２２Ｎ・ｍ２／ｍ×１０＾－４である。曲げ剛性値Ｂ１，Ｂ２の平均値が、０．００３５Ｎ・ｍ２／ｍ×１０＾－４未満の場合には、伸縮性シート１０の引張強度が低くなり、吸収性物品の着用中に一部が破断するおそれがある。０．０２２Ｎ・ｍ２／ｍ×１０＾－４を超える場合には、シート剛性が高くなって着用者の身体形状に順応し難くなり、身体に対するフィット性が低下するおそれがある。
＜曲げ剛性値の測定方法＞
　第１繊維層２の曲げ剛性値Ｂ１と第２繊維層３の曲げ剛性値Ｂ２の測定は、カトーテック（株）製ＫＥＳ－ＦＢ２－ＡＵＴＯ－Ａ曲げ測定試験機を用いて行った。まず、第１及び２繊維層２，３のそれぞれについて、それらを形成する繊維不織布の所定領域において１０cm×１０ｃｍにカットしてサンプルとした。次に、各サンプルにおいて伸縮性シートの第１方向Ｙで測定できるように測定試験機のチャック間に固定する。最大曲率＋２．５ｃｍ-1まで表側に曲げ、次に、最大曲率－２.５ｃｍ-1まで裏側に曲げた後に元に戻すことによって行った。曲げ剛性値Ｂ１，Ｂ２［Ｎ・ｍ２／ｍ×１０＾－４］は、表側に曲げはじめて曲率に対する曲モーメントの傾きがほぼ一定になったときの傾きと裏側に曲げはじめて曲率に対する曲モーメントの傾きがほぼ一定になったときの傾きとの平均値から算出した。各サンプルにつきＮ＝５測定し、その結果を平均して算出した。
　第１繊維層２の曲げ剛性値Ｂ１と第２繊維層３の曲げ剛性値Ｂ２との平均値は、以下の計算式によって算出した。
｛（第１繊維層２の曲げ剛性値Ｂ１×第１繊維層２の質量）／（第１繊維層２の質量+第２繊維層３の質量）｝＋｛（第２繊維層３の曲げ剛性値Ｂ２×第２繊維層３の質量）／（第１繊維層２の質量+第２繊維層３の質量）｝
　図４，５を参照すると、従来の伸縮性シート１００は、第１面１１１及びその反対側に位置する第２面１１２と、第１面１１１に位置する第１繊維層１０２と、第２面１１２に位置する第２繊維層１０３と、第１繊維層１０２と第２繊維層１０３との間に接着剤を介して取り付けられた複数条の弾性体１０４とを有する。第１繊維層１０２と第２繊維層１０３とは、各弾性体１０４の全周に塗布された接着剤を介して互いに接合されており、伸縮性シート１００は、第１及び第２繊維層１０２，１０３が互いに接合された接合域１０７と、接合域１０７間に位置する非接合域１０８とを有する。
　伸縮性シート１００は、第１繊維層１０２として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン繊維からなるスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層１０３として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン繊維からなるスパンボンド繊維不織布を使用している。また、弾性体１０４に使用する弾性材料、繊度及びピッチなどの諸条件は、本実施形態に係る伸縮性シート１０に配置された弾性体４とほぼ同様である。
　図２，４を参照すると、本実施形態に係る伸縮性シート１０と比較すると、従来の伸縮性シート１００には、大きさのほぼ均一した厚さ寸法の比較的に大きな（深さのある）ギャザー様の凹凸部２０，３０が形成されていて、伸縮性シート１０のギャザー数よりも伸縮性シート１００のギャザー数は少なくなっている。これは、伸縮性シート１０の曲げ剛性値が比較的に低く、すなわち、第１繊維層２の曲げ剛性値Ｂ１と第２繊維層の曲げ剛性値Ｂ２との平均値が０.０２２Ｎ・ｍ２／ｍ×１０＾－４以下であることから、弾性体４の収縮作用によって第２方向Ｘへ起伏を繰り返した態様となってその形状が崩れてしまい、不均一な比較的に厚さ寸法の小さなギャザーが複数形成されたことによるものであるといえる。
＜ギャザー数の測定＞
　伸縮性シート１０のギャザーの数は、第１方向Ｙにおける５０ｍｍの長さ寸法×弾性体４のピッチ幅の範囲内における凹部２０又は凸部３０の数を第１面１１又は第２面１２側から目視で数え、平均化（Ｎ＝２）して求めた。後記の従来の伸縮性シート１００のギャザー数についても、同様の方法で測定した。
　このように、従来の伸縮性シート１００のように、凸部１２０の厚さ寸法が比較的に大きく、かつ、均一なギャザー構造を有する場合には、外観上の審美性に優れるが、厚さ寸法が小さく不均一なギャザー構造を有する伸縮性シート１０に比べて剛性値が高くなって、着用して圧縮された状態であっても凸部１２０が肌に深く食い込んでギャザー痕が残るおそれがある。一方、本実施形態に係る伸縮性シート１０の非接合域８には、凹凸度合の小さく不均一な複数のギャザーが形成されていることから、第１面１１は平滑性が高く、第１繊維層２と着用者の肌との接触面積は比較的に多くなっている。したがって、着用者の肌が伸縮性シート１０の第１面１１に接触したときに、弾性体４の収縮力により生じた接触圧が分散されて肌に食い込むことがないので、凸部２０によるギャザー痕が付き難くなる。
　ＫＥＳ測定法に基づく、伸縮性シート１０の凸部２０の微小荷重下、すなわち、０．４９ｈｐａ荷重下における各試料の厚さ寸法Ｔ０が２．７０～４．７０ｍｍであって、４９．０３ｈｐａ荷重下における厚さ寸法Ｔｍは、０．２２～１．５ｍｍである。
　所定の荷重下において、伸縮性シート１０の凸部２０の厚さ寸法Ｔｍが１．５ｍｍ未満であって比較的に小さく、かつ、第１及び第２繊維層２，３の曲げ剛性値Ｂ１，Ｂ２の平均値が０．０２２Ｎ・ｍ２／ｍ×１０＾－４未満であることから、伸縮性シート１０のギャザー形状は外力によって容易に変形しやすいものといえる。
　また、ＫＥＳ測定法に基づく、伸縮性シート１０の凸部２０の圧縮仕事量ＷＣは、０．２３６～５．０Ｎ・ｍ／ｍ２、圧縮回復率ＲＣは１９～３６％である。圧縮仕事量ＷＣ及び圧縮回復率ＲＣともに比較的に低い数値であって、凸部２０は外力によって容易に圧縮され易く、圧縮後の形状復元性が低いといえる。したがって、凸部２０が着用者の肌に接触したときには容易に圧縮されるとともに、圧縮後の形状復元性が低いことから肌に対して反発する力が低く、接触圧の分散と相俟って、肌にギャザー痕が形成されるのを抑制することができる。
　伸縮性シート１０の第１及び第２繊維層２，３の良好な柔軟性とは、反撥性に富んだ、弾性繊維を含む弾性伸縮性不織布、その他の繊維不織布と異なり、コシが弱くて反撥性が低く、着用者の肌に接触した状態において、ギャザーが押し潰されてしまって浅いギャザー痕しか肌に残らない程度のものを意味する。
　例えば、身体へのフィット性を向上させるために、弾性体４間のピッチを小さくした場合には、肌への締め付け力が高くなって肌にギャザー痕が付き易くなるが、伸縮性シート１０が、既述のＫＥＳ法に基づく曲げ特性及び圧縮特性を備えることによって、凹凸度合いの大きなギャザーが形成されることはなく、ギャザー痕が肌に残るのを抑制することができる。また、弾性体４の第１及び第２繊維層２，３への接着性を向上させるために、弾性体４の全周に塗布されたホットメルト接着剤の塗布量を増加した場合には、シート剛性が高くなって肌にゴム弾性痕が付き易くなるが、第１繊維層２が柔軟であるから過度にその剛性が高くなることはなく、ゴム弾性痕が肌に残るのを抑制することができる。
　本明細書のＫＥＳ法に基づく各力学的測定に関しては、「風合い評価の標準化と解析」第２版（社団法人日本繊維機械学会、風合い計量と規格化研究委員会　昭和５５年７月１０日発行）に詳細が説明されている。
＜シートの厚さ寸法Ｔ０，Ｔｍ及び圧縮特定の測定方法>
　シートの厚さ寸法の測定には、カトーテック（株）製ＫＥＳ－ＦＢ３－ＡＵＴＯ－Ａ圧縮試験機を用いた。まず、 伸縮性シート１０を１０．０ｃｍ×１０．０ｃｍの大きさに切り出して測定サンプルとし、各シートが収縮した状態で金属平面の試験台に下面側に第２繊維層、上面側（測定面側）に第１繊維層となるように固定する。サンプルの中心を上下に位置する円盤で静かに挟み込み圧縮面積（円盤の面積）約２．０ｃｍ２、荷重０．４９ｈｐａ下における各試料の厚さ寸法Ｔ０を測定した。次に、加圧速度５０ｍｍ／秒で荷重４９．０３ｈｐａ下になるまで測定サンプルを圧縮し、荷重４９．０３ｈｐａ下における厚さ寸法Ｔｍを測定した。また、厚さ寸法Ｔ０から厚さ寸法Ｔｍまで圧縮時に要した仕事量［Ｎ・ｍ／ｍ２］をＷＣ，厚さ寸法Ｔｍから厚さ寸法Ｔ０に復元時に要した仕事量をＷＣ２として、下記の計算式に基づいて圧縮回復率ＲＣ［％］を求めた。
　　　　　　　ＲＣ（％）＝ＷＣ２／ＷＣ×１００
　本実施形態に係る伸縮性シート１０は、第１繊維層２がポリエチレン繊維を含むスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層３がポリプロピレン繊維を含むスパンボンド不織布から形成されているが、第１及び第２繊維層２，３ともにポリエチレン繊維を含むスパンボンド繊維不織布から形成してもよい。かかる場合には、第１及び第２繊維層２，３が柔軟性に優れることから、本実施形態における伸縮性シート１０の平均の曲げ剛性値及び荷重下における厚さ寸法Ｔｍと同等又はそれ以下である。また、第１及び第２繊維層２，３の両層ともに柔軟な繊維不織布から形成されることによって、本実施形態に係る伸縮性シート１０に比べて凹凸度合いの小さなギャザーが形成されるといえる。
　表１は、様々な条件下において、複数の伸縮性シートを製造し、従来の製品と比較するために、その特性及び性能を評価したものである。実施例１～６及び比較例１～３の伸縮性シートは、第１及び第２繊維層と、それらの間に介在して固定された弾性体とを含む複合シートであって、第１及び第２繊維層とは、弾性体の全周に塗布された質量０．０７ｇ／ｍのホットメルト接着剤を介して互いに接合されている。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
＜実施例１＞
　第１繊維層２として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層３として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布を使用した。また、複数条の弾性体として、繊度４７０ｄｔｅｘのポリウレタン糸を用いて、ピッチ９．０ｍｍの条件下で２．５倍に伸長した状態で第１及び第２繊維層間に収縮可能に取り付けた。
＜実施例２＞
　第１繊維層２として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層３として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布を使用した。また、複数条の弾性体として、繊度４７０ｄｔｅｘのポリウレタン糸を用いて、ピッチ９．０ｍｍの条件下で２．５倍に伸長した状態で第１及び第２繊維層間に収縮可能に取り付けた。
＜実施例３＞
　第１繊維層２として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層３として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布を使用した。また、複数条の弾性体４として、繊度９４０ｄｔｅｘのポリウレタン糸を用いて、ピッチ９．０ｍｍの条件下で２．５倍に伸長した状態で第１及び第２繊維層間に収縮可能に取り付けた。
＜実施例４＞
　第１繊維層２として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層３として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布を使用した。また、複数条の弾性体４として、繊度９４０ｄｔｅｘのポリウレタン糸を用いて、ピッチ９．０ｍｍの条件下で２．５倍に伸長した状態で第１及び第２繊維層間に収縮可能に取り付けた。
＜実施例５＞
　第１繊維層２として、質量２５．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層３として、質量１４．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布を使用した。また、複数条の弾性体４として、繊度４７０ｄｔｅｘのポリウレタン糸を用いて、ピッチ５．０ｍｍの条件下で２．５倍に伸長した状態で第１及び第２繊維層間に収縮可能に取り付けた。
＜実施例６＞
　第１繊維層２として、質量２０．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層３として、質量２０．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンボンド繊維不織布を使用した。また、弾性体４として、繊度４７０ｄｔｅｘのポリウレタン糸を用いて、ピッチ５．０ｍｍの条件下で２．５倍に伸長した状態で第１及び第２繊維層間に収縮可能に取り付けた。
＜比較例１＞
　第１繊維層として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン繊維からなるスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン繊維からなるスパンボンド繊維不織布を使用した。また、弾性体として、繊度４７０ｄｔｅｘのポリウレタン糸を用いて、ピッチ９．０ｍｍの条件下で２．５倍に伸長した状態で第１及び第２繊維層間に収縮可能に取り付けた。
＜比較例２＞
　第１繊維層として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン繊維からなるスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン繊維からなるスパンボンド繊維不織布を使用した。また、弾性体として、繊度９４０ｄｔｅｘのポリウレタン糸を用いて、ピッチ９．０ｍｍの条件下で２．５倍に伸長した状態で第１及び第２繊維層間に収縮可能に取り付けた。
＜比較例３＞
　第１繊維層として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン繊維からなるスパンボンド繊維不織布、第２繊維層として、質量１７．０ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン繊維からなるスパンボンド繊維不織布を使用した。また、弾性体として、繊度４７０ｄｔｅｘのポリウレタン糸を用いて、ピッチ５．０ｍｍの条件下で２．５倍に伸長した状態で第１及び第２繊維層間に収縮可能に取り付けた。
　表１における曲げ剛性値、圧縮仕事量ＷＣ，圧縮回復率ＲＣ、初期の厚さ寸法Ｔ０、荷重下の厚さ寸法Ｔｍ、ギャザー数は、上記の測定方法に基づいて測定した。ギャザー痕のレベルの評価結果については、下記の評価方法によって求めた。
＜ギャザー痕のレベル評価方法＞
　まず、各実施例及び各比較例における伸縮性シートを長さ寸法１８０ｍｍ×幅寸法１００ｍｍの大きさにカットした。次に、カットしたシートの両端部を互いに接合して、周囲長１４０ｃｍの環状のサンプルを形成した。次に、環状のサンプルを被験者の前腕に通して３０分間装着させた後に取り外し、目視観察によって前腕に付されたギャザー痕のレベルを決定した。測定は、１０名の被験者（成人の男性５名、成人の女性５名）を対象として行い、１０名の被験者のギャザー痕のレベルを平均化したものを、各実施例及び各比較例のギャザー痕レベルとした。
　ギャザー痕レベル１～５は、以下の状態を意味する。
　レベル１・・ギャザー痕はなく、ゴム弾性痕のみが視認できる状態。
　レベル２・・ゴム弾性痕から縦に延びるギャザー痕が確認できる状態。
　レベル３・・ゴム弾性痕よりもギャザー痕の方が大きく目立ち、ゴム弾性痕を起点とする１～３ｍｍ程度の縦に延びる多数のギャザー痕が確認できる状態
　レベル４・・レベル３で確認されたギャザー痕に加えて、弾性体間に５ｍｍ以上の縦に延びるギャザー痕も確認できる状態。
　レベル５・・レベル４で確認された５ｍｍ以上の縦に延びるギャザー痕が所定範囲（２００ｍｍ×５０ｍｍ）内に１０本以上確認できる状態。
＜測定結果＞
　表１に示すとおり、実施例１～６に係る伸縮性シート１０の荷重下の厚さ寸法Ｔｍは１．５ｍｍ以下であって、第１及び第２繊維層２，３の平均の曲げ剛性値は、０．０２２Ｎ・ｍ２／ｍ×１０＾－４以下であり、ギャザー痕レベルは３．０以下である。一方、比較例１～３に係る伸縮性シートの荷重下の厚さ寸法Ｔｍは１．５ｍｍ以上であって、第１及び第２繊維層の平均の曲げ剛性値は、０．０３以上であり、ギャザー痕レベルは３．０以上となっている。すなわち、伸縮性シートにおいて、荷重下の厚さ寸法Ｔｍ及び第１及び第２繊維層の平均の曲げ剛性値が大きい場合には、ギャザー痕レベルが高くなる傾向があるといえる。
　実施例１と実施例３とを比較すると、弾性体４の繊度が大きいとギャザー痕レベルも比較的に大きくなっているが、ゴム弾性痕よりも目立つギャザー痕が付されていない程度のレベルを維持している。実施例１と実施例５を比較すると、第１繊維層３の質量が高く、かつ、弾性体４間のピッチを小さくすることによって、ギャザー痕レベルは高くなっているが、その場合であっても、少なくとも弾性体４間に５ｍｍ以上の縦皺が付されない程度のレベルを維持している。このように、弾性体４の繊度が比較的に大きい場合や弾性体４間のピッチが比較的に大きい場合であっても、伸縮性シート１０自体の剛性が低く、かつ、ギャザーが潰れて肌を強く圧迫することがないので、大きなギャザー痕が残ることはない。
　図６は、本発明に係る伸縮性シートを使用した吸収性物品の一例における使い捨ておむつ２００を内面側から視た、各弾性体の最大伸長時（弾性材料の収縮作用によるギャザーがなくなる程度）まで縦方向及び横方向に伸展したおむつ２００の一部破断展開平面図である。
　図６を参照すると、おむつ２００は、縦方向Ｐ及びそれに交差する横方向Ｑを有し、ウエスト周り方向へ環状に延びる弾性ウエストパネル２１０と、弾性ウエストパネル２１０の内面に取り付けられた吸収性パネル２２０と、前ウエスト域２１１と、後ウエスト域２１２と、前後ウエスト域２１１，２１２間に位置するクロッチ域２１３とを有する。弾性ウエストパネル２１０は、前ウエスト域２１１を形成する前ウエストパネル２３０と、後ウエスト域２１２を形成する後ウエストパネル２４０とから構成される。前ウエストパネル２３０の両側縁部と後ウエストパネル２４０の両側縁部とが互いに重ね合わされ、縦方向Ｙへ間欠的に位置するサイドシーム２１５によって連結され、ウエスト開口及び一対のレッグ開口とが画成される。
　前後ウエストパネル２３０，２４０は、横方向Ｑへ延びる複数条のウエスト弾性体２５１が配置されたウエスト弾性シート２５０から形成され、レッグ開口縁部には、レッグ開口周りに延びる複数条のレッグ弾性体２６１を有するレッグ弾性シート２６０が配置されている。吸収パネル２２０は、体液吸収性を有する吸液構造体２２１と、吸液構造体の横方向Ｘの両側において縦方向Ｙへ延びる一対の防漏フラップ２７０とを含む。防漏フラップ２７０は、自由縁部に取り付けられた縦方向Ｙへ延びる複数条のフラップ弾性体２７１を有する。
　おむつ２００において、ウエスト弾性シート２５０、レッグ弾性シート２６０及び防漏フラップ２７０のうちの少なくとも１つのシートとして、伸縮性シート１０が使用されている。すなわち、これらのシート２５０，２６０，２７０として伸縮性シート１０を用いる場合には、ウエスト弾性体２５１、レッグ弾性体２６１、フラップ弾性体２７１は、それぞれ、伸縮性シート１０の弾性体４に対応する。また、かかる場合には、伸縮性シート１０の第１面１１を着用者の肌と対向する肌対向面側、第２面１２をその反対側に位置する非肌対向面側とすることが好ましい。
　ウエスト弾性シート２５０として伸縮性シート１０を使用したときには、前後ウエスト域２１１，２１２が所要のホールド力を発揮する程度の伸長応力をウエスト弾性体２５１が有する場合であっても、伸縮性シート１０の第１面１１が肌に接触することによって、ウエスト開口縁部においてウエスト弾性体２５１の収縮力により生じた接触圧が分散されて肌に食い込むことがないので、凸部２０によるギャザー痕が付き難くなる。レッグ弾性体シート２６０及び防漏フラップ２７０として伸縮性シート１０を使用したときにも同様の技術的効果を発揮しうるが、特に、これらのシート２６０，２７０は、着用者のウエスト部分に比べて肌の弱い大腿周り及び鼠蹊部に接触されるものであることからギャザー痕がより付き易いところ、伸縮性シート１０を用いることによって、深いギャザー痕が付くのを抑制することができる。
　以上の説明及び請求項における用語「第１」及び「第２」は、説明の便宜上使用されていて、必ずしも逐次的又は時間的順序を記述するために使用されている。したがって、状況に応じて、これらの用語を互いに入れ替えることができ、記述し図示したものとは異なる順序で本発明の実施形態を実施することができる。以上の説明及び請求項における用語「含む」は、その後に記述されている要素又はステップに限定されると解釈されるべきではなく、その他の要素又はステップを除外するものではない。
２　第１繊維層
３　第２繊維層
４　弾性体
１０　伸縮性シート
１１　第１面（肌対向面）
１２　第２面（非肌対向面）
２０　凸部
３０　凹部
２００　吸収性物品
２１１　前ウエスト域
２１２　後ウエスト域
２１３　クロッチ域
２５０　ウエスト弾性シート
２６０　レッグ弾性シート
２７０　防漏フラップ

Claims (10)

  1. 　第１面とその反対側の第２面とを有し、熱可塑性樹脂の連続繊維から構成された、前記第１面に位置する第１繊維層と、前記第２面に位置する第２繊維層とを含み、
    　前記第１及び第２繊維層間には、複数条の弾性体が収縮可能に固定され、
    　前記第１及び第２繊維層には、互いに隣接する前記弾性体間において前記弾性体が延在する方向と交差する方向へ複数のギャザーが形成され、
    　前記第１及び第２繊維層のＫＥＳ法による曲げ剛性の平均値が０．００３５～０．０２２Ｎ・ｍ２／ｍ×１０＾－４であって、かつ、前記ギャザーに対するＫＥＳ法による圧縮荷重下での厚さ寸法は、０．２２～１．５ｍｍである吸収性物品用伸縮性シート。
  2. 　前記ギャザーに対する圧縮荷重下における、ＫＥＳ法における圧縮仕事量が０．２３６～５．０Ｎ・ｍ／ｍ２、ＫＥＳ法における圧縮回復率が、１９～３６％である請求項１に記載の伸縮性シート。
  3. 　前記第１繊維層が、ポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンメルト不織布、前記第２繊維層が、少なくとも一部にポリオレフィン繊維を含むスパンメルト不織布からそれぞれ形成されている請求項１又は２に記載の伸縮性シート。
  4. 　前記第１及び第２繊維層が、ポリエチレン繊維から構成されたスパンメルト不織布から形成されている請求項１又は２に記載の伸縮性シート。
  5. 　前記第１及び第２繊維層が、前記連続繊維が融着された複数の融着部分を有し、前記第１繊維層における前記融着部分と非融着部分との剛性差よりも、前記第２繊維層における前記融着部分と前記非融着部分との剛性差の方が大きい請求項３に記載の伸縮性シート。
  6. 　前記第１及び第２繊維層の質量が、それぞれ、１０～３０ｇ／ｍ２、前記第１及び第２繊維層の見掛け密度が、それぞれ、０．０４～０．１５ｇ／ｃｍ３であって、前記交差する方向へ並ぶ前記複数条の弾性体間のピッチが、２．０～１２．０ｍｍである請求項１～５のいずれかに記載の伸縮性シート。
  7. 　前記ポリエチレン繊維の繊度が１．５～４．０ｄｔｅｘ、前記ポリプロピレン繊維の繊度が０．９～２．５ｄｔｅｘである請求項３又は５に記載の伸縮性シート。
  8. 　前記伸縮性シートが、肌対向面及びその反対側の非肌対向面を有し、前記第１面が前記肌対向面、前記第２面が前記非肌対向面に対応する請求項１～７のいずれかに記載の伸縮性シート。
  9. 　請求項１～８のいずれかに記載の伸縮性シートを使用した吸収性物品。
  10. 　前記吸収性物品が、前後ウエスト域及びクロッチ域を有する使い捨ておむつであって、前記前後ウエスト域を形成するウエスト弾性シート、前記クロッチ域においてレッグ開口縁に沿って配置されるレッグ弾性シート及び前記クロッチ域から前記前後ウエスト域まで延びる防漏フラップのうちの少なくとも１つのシートが前記伸縮性シートから形成されている請求項９に記載の吸収性物品。
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